577:
601:
589:
565:
613:
68:
52:
75:
441:
553:, though there is much doubt to which of the numerous cities of the name that distinguished artist really owed his birth. But the flourishing state of the arts in the Lucanian Heraclea (in common with most of the neighbouring cities of Magna Graecia) is attested by the beauty and variety of its coins, some of which may deservedly be reckoned among the choicest specimens of Greek art; while their number sufficiently proves the opulence and commercial activity of the city to which they belong.
421:, and it appears to have fallen gradually into a state of almost dependence upon that city, though without ever ceasing to be, in name at least, an independent state. Hence, when Alexander, king of Epirus, who had been invited to Italy by the Tarentines, subsequently became hostile to that people, he avenged himself by taking Heraclea, and, as already mentioned, transferred to the Thurians the general assemblies that had previously been held there. During the war of
4165:
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clearly identified; and though no ruins worthy of the name are still extant, large heaps of rubbish and foundations of ancient buildings mark the site of
Heraclea near Policoro, about 5 km from the sea, and a short distance from the right bank of the Aciris. Numerous coins, bronzes, and other relics of antiquity have been discovered on the spot. A medieval town,
481:(who had been adopted as a citizen of Heraclea), as still a flourishing and important town, and it appears to have been one of the few Greek cities in the south of Italy that still preserved their consideration under the Roman dominion. Its name is unaccountably omitted by the 2nd century AD geographer
452:
Heraclea was certainly at this time in alliance with the
Tarentines and Lucanians against Rome; and it was doubtless with the view of detaching it from this alliance that the Romans were induced shortly afterwards (278 BCE) to grant to the Heracleans a treaty of alliance on such favorable terms
500:
The time and circumstances of its final extinction are wholly unknown, but the site is now desolate, and the whole neighbouring district, once celebrated as one of the most fertile in Italy, was by the mid-19th century almost wholly uninhabited. The position of the ancient city may nevertheless be
416:
But beyond the general fact that it enjoyed great wealth and prosperity, advantages which it doubtless owed to the noted fertility of its territory, we have scarcely any information concerning the history of
Heraclea until we reach a period when it was already beginning to decline. We cannot doubt
354:). The few remaining inhabitants of Siris were added to the new colonists, and it would appear that the settlement was first established on the ancient site of Siris itself, but was subsequently transferred thence, and an ancient, but new city founded about 24
612:
350:; and war ensued between the two states, which was at length terminated by an arrangement that they should found a new colony in the disputed district, which, though in fact a joint settlement, should be designated as a colony of Tarentum (modern
358:
from the former, and nearer the river Aciris, to which the name of
Heraclea was given. Siris did not cease to exist, but lapsed into the subordinate condition of the port or emporium of Heraclea. The foundation of the new city is placed by
477:; but from an incidental notice in Cicero, that all the public records of the city had been destroyed by fire at that period, it would seem to have suffered severely. Cicero nevertheless speaks of it, in his defence of the poet
383:
erroneously regards
Heraclea as identical with Siris, to which it had succeeded; and it was perhaps a similar misconception that led Livy, by a strange anachronism, to include Heraclea among the cities of Magna Graecia where
468:
conferred upon its inhabitants, in common with the other cities of Italy, the rights of Roman citizens, they hesitated long whether they would accept the proffered boon. We hear that
Heraclea surrendered under compulsion to
1249:
1234:
330:
colony, but founded at a period considerably later than most of the other Greek cities in this part of Italy. The territory in which it was established had previously belonged to the
4229:
781:. It is a striking instance of the carelessness of the Roman epitomisers, and their consequent worthlessness as geographical authorities, that Florus places this battle
1246:
391:
The new colony appears to have risen rapidly to power and prosperity, protected by the fostering care of the
Tarentines, who were at one time engaged in war with the
1101:
395:
for its defence. It was probably owing to the predominant influence of
Tarentum also that Heraclea was selected as the place of meeting of the general assembly (
1276:
1096:
1231:
246:
1264:
1116:, translated by Horace Leonard Jones; Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. (1924). Vol. 3, Books 6–7
1312:
600:
588:
576:
379:, calls it simply a colony of Tarentum. Antiochus is the only writer who mentions the share taken by the Thurians in its original foundation.
405:; a meeting apparently originally of a religious character, but of course easily applicable to political objects, and which for that reason
1216:
1203:
564:
4214:
2912:
128:
4234:
926:
1024:
67:
1156:
4244:
346:, almost immediately after their establishment in Italy, advanced similar pretensions. These were, however, resisted by the
2300:
1056:(eds. John Bostock, M.D., F.R.S. H.T. Riley, Esq., B.A.) London. Taylor and Francis, Red Lion Court, Fleet Street. (1855).
793:; for which last the editors substitute Sirim, though the mistake is evidently that of the author, and not of the copyist.
1305:
4219:
2922:
2612:
2305:
2239:
17:
2310:
2285:
1121:
1081:
1012:
998:
952:
885:
338:, and after the fall of that city seems to have become the subject of contention between the neighboring states. The
770:
4119:
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691:
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774:
2762:
2622:
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938:
4146:
2787:
2201:
1298:
931:, C. D. Yonge (translator), B. A. London. George Bell & Sons, York Street, Covent Garden. 1891. 4 volumes.
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3191:
2707:
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2325:
2035:
1151:
1091:
4114:
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1261:
947:. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1989. Vol. 4. Books 9–12.40.
641:
4239:
3169:
2777:
2653:
2315:
2269:
2224:
2000:
1689:
973:
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1178:
342:
had a claim upon the territory of Siris, and it was probably in virtue of this that their colonists the
3830:
3703:
2836:
2831:
2807:
2717:
2234:
1332:
1165:
1052:
985:
4209:
4188:
4131:
3087:
2890:
2875:
2797:
2732:
2052:
1947:
1421:
1355:
474:
31:
2699:
2679:
1877:
1535:
1057:
2885:
2848:
2782:
2448:
2335:
1111:
867:
754:
737:
687:
674:
4168:
3292:
3092:
3077:
2880:
2863:
2843:
2812:
2712:
2648:
2264:
2249:
2219:
2180:
2057:
1909:
1411:
1285:
661:
1017:, Rev. Canon Roberts (translator), Ernest Rhys (Ed.); (1905) London: J. M. Dent & Sons, Ltd.
1002:
4126:
3129:
2900:
2858:
2792:
2757:
2209:
2193:
1889:
1830:
1679:
1674:
958:
944:
478:
269:
4178:
3407:
3397:
3387:
3372:
3062:
2802:
2772:
2727:
2722:
2353:
2320:
2122:
2027:
2013:
1669:
1540:
1504:
413:, sought to transfer to the Thurians for the purpose of weakening the influence of Tarentum.
372:
335:
181:
51:
3650:
3644:
3630:
3114:
3072:
3044:
2929:
2742:
1972:
1768:
1199:
490:
445:
8:
3781:
3751:
3139:
3034:
3029:
2466:
1781:
1694:
1664:
1618:
1381:
465:
406:
3998:
3895:
3801:
3445:
3362:
3250:
2752:
2576:
2092:
2072:
1929:
1800:
1684:
1479:
1406:
750:
717:
704:
526:
520:
486:
434:
299:
199:
98:
509:, now itself is but a heap of ruins, among which are those of an 11th-century church.
4174:
4073:
3660:
3209:
3057:
3009:
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2822:
2767:
2684:
2561:
2433:
2254:
2087:
2040:
1980:
1854:
1836:
1812:
1794:
1749:
1704:
1699:
1350:
1117:
1077:
994:
948:
422:
1076:(translator). Modern Library; Modern Library Paperback Ed edition (April 10, 2001).
4003:
3535:
3500:
3174:
3052:
2939:
2934:
2259:
2214:
2045:
1952:
1568:
1401:
1386:
1376:
1274:
Information about the Museo
Archeologico Nazionale della Siritide on APT Basilicata
934:
550:
889:
721:
429:, Heraclea was the scene of the first conflict between the two powers, the consul
4224:
4018:
3776:
3564:
3377:
3119:
2985:
2917:
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1842:
1824:
1818:
1732:
1709:
1583:
1494:
1454:
1391:
1280:
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1253:
1238:
1127:
1047:
905:
380:
355:
277:
4043:
3756:
778:
3900:
3840:
3835:
3791:
3572:
3520:
3510:
3490:
3480:
3224:
3219:
3214:
2067:
1866:
1860:
1848:
1648:
1623:
1396:
1321:
1068:
1038:
1020:
882:
549:
Heraclea is generally regarded as the native country of the celebrated painter
493:. It was still a place of some importance under the empire; a branch road from
461:
440:
433:
being totally defeated by the Epirot king in a battle (subsequently called the
417:
that it took part with the
Tarentines in their wars against the Messapians and
327:
4203:
4136:
4053:
4028:
3718:
3640:
3322:
3265:
3164:
3154:
3124:
3106:
2980:
2132:
1914:
1806:
1762:
1724:
1563:
1484:
1211:
1194:
1146:
367:; a statement which appears to agree well with the above narrative, cited by
285:
143:
130:
116:
878:
460:. Heraclea preserved this privileged condition throughout the period of the
3953:
3905:
3771:
3625:
3495:
3134:
2970:
2476:
2438:
2137:
990:
874:
854:
823:
807:
426:
281:
3973:
3865:
3845:
3673:
3181:
3159:
3149:
3144:
3067:
3024:
2571:
2481:
2471:
2358:
2348:
2112:
1489:
1464:
1073:
627:
533:), were found a short distance from the site of Heraclea, between it and
473:
in 212 BCE. We have no account of the part taken by Heraclea in the
437:) fought between the city of Heraclea and the river Siris, 280 BCE.
3678:
1220:. Vol. 13 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 308.
1145: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
3910:
3880:
3875:
3860:
3746:
3713:
3382:
3352:
3019:
2747:
2581:
2423:
2418:
2408:
2393:
2378:
2368:
2343:
1719:
1474:
1429:
1085:
534:
392:
385:
303:
102:
3885:
3811:
3796:
3766:
3761:
3693:
3617:
3602:
3587:
3530:
3430:
3082:
3014:
2586:
2566:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2491:
2486:
2456:
2403:
2363:
2142:
2008:
1962:
1942:
1573:
1444:
980:
538:
418:
402:
3935:
3925:
3915:
3890:
3668:
3635:
3597:
3540:
3455:
3440:
3297:
3287:
3204:
3199:
2596:
2591:
2551:
2546:
2521:
2501:
2428:
2383:
2373:
2229:
2127:
2062:
1990:
1598:
1063:
623:
470:
430:
360:
295:
94:
3688:
1193:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
4078:
4068:
4013:
4008:
3993:
3983:
3968:
3963:
3850:
3738:
3728:
3607:
3582:
3577:
3550:
3545:
3525:
3515:
3505:
3470:
3460:
3450:
3402:
3392:
3367:
3332:
3327:
3302:
2955:
2737:
2398:
2388:
2147:
2117:
2107:
2102:
2082:
2077:
1957:
1904:
1613:
1603:
1593:
1588:
1578:
1290:
506:
502:
494:
482:
351:
347:
331:
177:
4023:
3337:
4048:
3978:
3958:
3920:
3786:
3592:
3485:
3422:
3412:
3357:
2975:
2960:
2556:
2541:
2516:
2511:
2496:
2157:
2152:
1919:
1899:
1643:
1633:
1628:
1499:
1459:
1449:
1434:
1107:
968:
922:
901:
619:
454:
410:
368:
364:
343:
339:
290:
485:; but its existence at a much later period is attested by the
318:
4058:
4033:
3930:
3870:
3855:
3723:
3683:
3435:
3347:
3342:
3312:
3307:
3282:
2965:
2506:
2461:
2413:
1985:
1937:
1638:
1608:
1555:
1530:
1469:
1439:
786:
396:
307:
106:
4063:
4038:
3988:
3475:
3465:
1262:
Information about the archaeological site on APT Basilicata
1008:
376:
993:(translator), Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1920;
363:
in 432 BCE, fourteen years after the settlement of
622:
with inscription ΗΡΑΚΛΗΙΩΝ, i.e. "of Heracleans". Rev.
230:
Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici della Basilicata
834:
832:
322:
Map of ancient Lucania showing Heraclea (center right)
1097:
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology
618:
Silver coin from Heraclea (390-340 BC). Obv. Head of
789:; and the same blunder occurs in Orosius, who says,
829:
288:). The ruins of the city are located in the modern
4230:Populated places established in the 5th century BC
943:. Translated by C. H. Oldfather. Twelve volumes.
4201:
791:apud Heracleam Campaniae urbem, fluviumque Lirim
1526:
276:), was an ancient city. It was situated on the
1306:
1003:Online version at the Perseus Digital Library
1247:Museo Archeologico Nazionale della Siritide
505:, was founded on the site; however, once a
2192:
1313:
1299:
1150:
464:; and hence, even when in 89 BCE the
50:
977:. John Selby Watson (translator). (1889).
525:The bronze tablets commonly known as the
56:Foundations of building walls at Heraclea
940:Diodorus Siculus: The Library of History
783:apud Heracleam et Campaniae flumen Lirim
439:
317:
74:
1198:
1157:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography
838:
732:
730:
537:. They are significant in the study of
512:
14:
4202:
3246:
4103:
3245:
2674:
2178:
1525:
1345:
1294:
928:The Orations of Marcus Tullius Cicero
777: ; Zonaras, 8.4 ; Orosius,
3714:Illicitanus Limin/Portus Illicitanus
1346:
785:, mistaking the river Siris for the
727:
606:Pottery found during the excavations
594:Pottery found during the excavations
497:joined the coast road at Heraclea.
24:
2675:
1320:
280:between the rivers Aciris (modern
25:
4256:
4215:Achaean colonies of Magna Graecia
1225:
1033:Numismatique de l'Ancienne Italie
4235:Former populated places in Italy
4183:
4173:
4164:
4163:
1186:
1140:
611:
599:
587:
582:Jewelry found during excavations
575:
563:
73:
66:
4184:
1072:, Arthur Hugh Clough (editor),
1060:at the Perseus Digital Library.
895:
860:
844:
813:
796:
760:
743:
710:
697:
680:
667:
654:
570:Coins found during excavations
388:established his institutions.
247:Area archeologica di Herakleia
13:
1:
4245:5th-century BC establishments
1785:
1772:
1753:
1736:
915:
27:Ancient city of Magna Graecia
2913:Funeral and burial practices
2098:Military of Mycenaean Greece
642:List of ancient Greek cities
7:
635:
444:Section of the 4th century
10:
4261:
2837:Greek Revival architecture
2179:
1286:Coins of Lucanian Heraclea
1069:Plutarch's Lives: Volume I
1043:Historiae adversum Paganos
556:
518:
397:
313:
273:
29:
4220:Greek colonies in Lucania
4159:
4110:
4104:
4099:
3944:
3821:
3810:
3737:
3659:
3616:
3563:
3421:
3273:
3264:
3260:
3241:
3190:
3105:
3043:
3005:
2998:
2948:
2908:
2899:
2821:
2698:
2694:
2670:
2636:
2605:
2447:
2334:
2278:
2245:Attalid kings of Pergamon
2200:
2191:
2187:
2174:
2053:Antigonid Macedonian army
2026:
1999:
1971:
1928:
1885:
1876:
1718:
1657:
1554:
1550:
1521:
1420:
1369:
1365:
1341:
1328:
965:, Vienna, Volume 1. 1792.
963:Doctrina Nummorum Veterum
242:
234:
226:
218:
210:
205:
195:
187:
172:
167:
159:
122:
112:
90:
61:
49:
42:
32:Heraclea (disambiguation)
974:Epitome of Roman History
647:
1217:Encyclopædia Britannica
959:Eckhel, Joseph Hilarius
375:. Diodorus, as well as
2279:Artists & scholars
2194:List of ancient Greeks
1831:Second Athenian League
1680:Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
1505:Ancient Greek colonies
1160:. London: John Murray.
945:Loeb Classical Library
923:Cicero, Marcus Tullius
544:
479:Aulus Licinius Archias
458:prope singulare foedus
449:
323:
3398:Sybaris on the Traeis
2123:Sacred Band of Thebes
1863:(c. 300 BC–c. 300 AD)
1377:Cycladic civilization
1200:Hogarth, David George
1088:at Project Gutenberg.
519:Further information:
453:that it is called by
443:
373:Antiochus of Syracuse
321:
144:40.22000°N 16.66972°E
2923:mythological figures
2644:Ancient Greek tribes
1769:Peloponnesian League
1086:Downloadable version
531:Tabulae Heracleenses
514:Tabulae Heracleenses
491:Tabula Peutingeriana
446:Tabula Peutingeriana
284:) and Siris (modern
30:For other uses, see
3035:Tunnel of Eupalinos
3030:Theatre of Dionysus
2654:Ancient Macedonians
2270:Tyrants of Syracuse
1782:Amphictyonic League
1382:Minoan civilization
1154:, ed. (1854–1857).
1132:Extracts of History
1053:The Natural History
626:wrestling with the
466:Lex Plautia Papiria
140: /
39:
4240:Province of Matera
3709:Menestheus's Limin
3363:Pandosia (Lucania)
3251:Greek colonisation
2613:Athenian statesmen
2374:Diogenes of Sinope
2235:Kings of Macedonia
2225:Kings of Commagene
2093:Macedonian phalanx
2073:Hellenistic armies
1821:(c. 424–c. 395 BC)
1685:Indo-Greek Kingdom
1407:Hellenistic Greece
1279:2019-04-25 at the
1267:2017-02-22 at the
1252:2015-02-04 at the
1237:2016-03-03 at the
527:Tables of Heraclea
521:Tables of Heraclea
487:Antonine Itinerary
450:
435:Battle of Heraclea
324:
300:Province of Matera
235:Public access
200:Battle of Heraclea
149:40.22000; 16.66972
99:Province of Matera
82:Shown within Italy
37:
18:Heraclea (Lucania)
4197:
4196:
4155:
4154:
4095:
4094:
4091:
4090:
4087:
4086:
3661:Iberian Peninsula
3593:Lipara/Meligounis
3559:
3558:
3237:
3236:
3233:
3232:
3210:Cypriot syllabary
3101:
3100:
3010:Athenian Treasury
2994:
2993:
2666:
2665:
2662:
2661:
2255:Ptolemaic dynasty
2215:Archons of Athens
2170:
2169:
2166:
2165:
2041:Athenian military
2022:
2021:
1855:League of Corinth
1837:Thessalian League
1813:Chalcidian League
1795:Acarnanian League
1705:Ptolemaic Kingdom
1517:
1516:
1513:
1512:
1173:Missing or empty
1166:cite encyclopedia
1035:. Florence, 1841.
448:showing Heraclea.
255:
254:
16:(Redirected from
4252:
4210:Heraclea Lucania
4187:
4186:
4177:
4167:
4166:
4101:
4100:
3819:
3818:
3318:Heraclea Lucania
3271:
3270:
3262:
3261:
3243:
3242:
3003:
3002:
2935:Twelve Olympians
2906:
2905:
2696:
2695:
2672:
2671:
2260:Seleucid dynasty
2240:Kings of Paionia
2189:
2188:
2176:
2175:
2046:Scythian archers
1953:Graphe paranomon
1883:
1882:
1790:
1787:
1777:
1774:
1758:
1755:
1745:
1741:
1738:
1552:
1551:
1523:
1522:
1402:Classical Greece
1387:Mycenaean Greece
1367:
1366:
1343:
1342:
1315:
1308:
1301:
1292:
1291:
1258:
1243:
1232:Official website
1221:
1192:
1190:
1189:
1182:
1176:
1171:
1169:
1161:
1144:
1143:
1128:Zonaras, Joannes
935:Diodorus Siculus
909:
899:
893:
864:
858:
848:
842:
836:
827:
817:
811:
800:
794:
773: ; Florus,
764:
758:
753: ; Strabo,
747:
741:
734:
725:
714:
708:
701:
695:
684:
678:
671:
665:
658:
615:
603:
591:
579:
567:
400:
399:
275:
251:
155:
154:
152:
151:
150:
145:
141:
138:
137:
136:
133:
77:
76:
70:
54:
40:
36:
21:
4260:
4259:
4255:
4254:
4253:
4251:
4250:
4249:
4200:
4199:
4198:
4193:
4151:
4106:
4083:
3946:
3940:
3823:
3814:
3806:
3777:Melaina Korkyra
3733:
3655:
3612:
3565:Aeolian Islands
3555:
3417:
3275:
3256:
3255:
3229:
3186:
3097:
3039:
2990:
2944:
2895:
2817:
2808:Wedding customs
2690:
2689:
2658:
2649:Thracian Greeks
2632:
2623:Olympic victors
2601:
2443:
2330:
2274:
2265:Kings of Sparta
2250:Kings of Pontus
2220:Kings of Athens
2196:
2183:
2162:
2058:Army of Macedon
2018:
1995:
1967:
1924:
1872:
1845:(370–c. 230 BC)
1843:Arcadian League
1827:(c. 400–188 BC)
1825:Aetolian League
1819:Boeotian League
1801:Hellenic League
1788:
1775:
1765:(c. 650–404 BC)
1756:
1750:Italiote League
1743:
1739:
1733:Doric Hexapolis
1723:
1714:
1710:Seleucid Empire
1653:
1546:
1545:
1509:
1416:
1392:Greek Dark Ages
1361:
1360:
1337:
1324:
1319:
1281:Wayback Machine
1269:Wayback Machine
1256:
1254:Wayback Machine
1241:
1239:Wayback Machine
1228:
1187:
1185:
1174:
1172:
1163:
1162:
1141:
1137:
1104:, London (1867)
1048:Pliny the Elder
1014:History of Rome
918:
913:
912:
906:James Millingen
900:
896:
888: ; Pliny,
865:
861:
849:
845:
837:
830:
818:
814:
801:
797:
765:
761:
748:
744:
735:
728:
720: ; Pliny,
715:
711:
702:
698:
685:
681:
672:
668:
659:
655:
650:
638:
631:
616:
607:
604:
595:
592:
583:
580:
571:
568:
559:
547:
523:
517:
316:
278:Gulf of Taranto
249:
176:Colonists from
148:
146:
142:
139:
134:
131:
129:
127:
126:
86:
85:
84:
83:
80:
79:
78:
57:
45:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4258:
4248:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4195:
4194:
4192:
4191:
4181:
4171:
4160:
4157:
4156:
4153:
4152:
4150:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4123:
4122:
4111:
4108:
4107:
4097:
4096:
4093:
4092:
4089:
4088:
4085:
4084:
4082:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3950:
3948:
3942:
3941:
3939:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3827:
3825:
3816:
3808:
3807:
3805:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3743:
3741:
3735:
3734:
3732:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3665:
3663:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3653:
3648:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3622:
3620:
3614:
3613:
3611:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3569:
3567:
3561:
3560:
3557:
3556:
3554:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3511:Megara Hyblaea
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3491:Hybla Gereatis
3488:
3483:
3481:Heraclea Minoa
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3427:
3425:
3419:
3418:
3416:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3279:
3277:
3268:
3258:
3257:
3254:
3253:
3247:
3239:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3225:Attic numerals
3222:
3220:Greek numerals
3217:
3215:Greek alphabet
3212:
3207:
3202:
3196:
3194:
3188:
3187:
3185:
3184:
3179:
3178:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3111:
3109:
3103:
3102:
3099:
3098:
3096:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3049:
3047:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3006:
3000:
2996:
2995:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2952:
2950:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2926:
2925:
2915:
2909:
2903:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2872:
2871:
2869:Musical system
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2840:
2839:
2828:
2826:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2704:
2702:
2692:
2691:
2688:
2687:
2682:
2676:
2668:
2667:
2664:
2663:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2640:
2638:
2634:
2633:
2631:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2609:
2607:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2453:
2451:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2340:
2338:
2332:
2331:
2329:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2301:Mathematicians
2298:
2293:
2288:
2282:
2280:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2210:Kings of Argos
2206:
2204:
2198:
2197:
2185:
2184:
2172:
2171:
2168:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2068:Cretan archers
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2049:
2048:
2038:
2032:
2030:
2024:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2016:
2011:
2005:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1977:
1975:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1934:
1932:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1886:
1880:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1870:
1867:Achaean League
1864:
1861:Euboean League
1858:
1852:
1849:Epirote League
1846:
1840:
1834:
1828:
1822:
1816:
1810:
1804:
1798:
1797:(c. 500–31 BC)
1792:
1779:
1766:
1760:
1747:
1729:
1727:
1725:Confederations
1716:
1715:
1713:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1661:
1659:
1655:
1654:
1652:
1651:
1649:Lissus (Crete)
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1560:
1558:
1548:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1527:
1519:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1511:
1510:
1508:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1426:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1415:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1397:Archaic Greece
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1373:
1371:
1363:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1353:
1347:
1339:
1338:
1336:
1335:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1322:Ancient Greece
1318:
1317:
1310:
1303:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1283:
1271:
1259:
1244:
1227:
1226:External links
1224:
1223:
1222:
1212:Chisholm, Hugh
1183:
1152:Smith, William
1136:
1135:
1125:
1105:
1092:Smith, William
1089:
1061:
1058:Online version
1045:
1036:
1031:Millingen, J.
1029:
1018:
1006:
978:
966:
956:
932:
919:
917:
914:
911:
910:
894:
859:
843:
828:
812:
795:
759:
742:
726:
709:
696:
679:
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652:
651:
649:
646:
645:
644:
637:
634:
633:
632:
617:
610:
608:
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598:
596:
593:
586:
584:
581:
574:
572:
569:
562:
558:
555:
546:
543:
516:
511:
462:Roman Republic
403:Italiot Greeks
315:
312:
253:
252:
244:
240:
239:
236:
232:
231:
228:
224:
223:
220:
216:
215:
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110:
109:
92:
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63:
62:
59:
58:
55:
47:
46:
43:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4257:
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4228:
4226:
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4218:
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4213:
4211:
4208:
4207:
4205:
4190:
4182:
4180:
4176:
4172:
4170:
4162:
4161:
4158:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4121:
4118:
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4116:
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4037:
4035:
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4027:
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4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
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3834:
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3817:
3813:
3809:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3744:
3742:
3740:
3736:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3689:Hemeroscopion
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3666:
3664:
3662:
3658:
3652:
3649:
3646:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3623:
3621:
3619:
3615:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3570:
3568:
3566:
3562:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3424:
3420:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
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3369:
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3364:
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3359:
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3354:
3351:
3349:
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3344:
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3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3266:Magna Graecia
3263:
3259:
3252:
3249:
3248:
3244:
3240:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3193:
3189:
3183:
3180:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3140:Arcadocypriot
3138:
3136:
3133:
3132:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3112:
3110:
3108:
3104:
3094:
3093:Zeus, Olympia
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3078:Hera, Olympia
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3050:
3048:
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3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3007:
3004:
3001:
2997:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2981:Mount Olympus
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2953:
2951:
2949:Sacred places
2947:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2924:
2921:
2920:
2919:
2916:
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2902:
2898:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
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2879:
2877:
2874:
2870:
2867:
2866:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
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2838:
2835:
2834:
2833:
2830:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2820:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2773:Olympic Games
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2763:Homosexuality
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
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1807:Delian League
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1763:Ionian League
1761:
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1196:
1195:public domain
1184:
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1147:public domain
1139:
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1122:0-674-99201-6
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1026:De situ orbis
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999:0-674-99133-8
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270:Ancient Greek
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117:Magna Graecia
115:
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60:
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41:
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19:
3984:Dionysopolis
3954:Abonoteichos
3906:Pantikapaion
3496:Hybla Heraea
3317:
2832:Architecture
2788:Prostitution
2477:Aristophanes
2336:Philosophers
2306:Philosophers
2138:Spartan army
1869:(280–146 BC)
1857:(338–322 BC)
1851:(370–168 BC)
1839:(374–196 BC)
1833:(378–355 BC)
1815:(430–348 BC)
1809:(478–404 BC)
1803:(499–449 BC)
1490:Peloponnesus
1412:Roman Greece
1257:(in Italian)
1242:(in Italian)
1215:
1205:
1175:|title=
1155:
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1112:
1095:
1067:
1051:
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1032:
1025:
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991:A. D. Godley
984:
972:
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939:
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839:Hogarth 1911
820:
815:
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745:
712:
699:
690:; Diodorus,
682:
669:
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548:
530:
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513:
499:
457:
451:
415:
390:
325:
289:
265:
261:
257:
256:
250:(in Italian)
191:432 BCE
4132:Place names
4044:Salmydessus
3866:Kalos Limen
3846:Chersonesus
3836:Borysthenes
3541:Tauromenion
3353:Metapontion
3115:Proto-Greek
3068:Erechtheion
3063:Athena Nike
3025:Philippeion
2854:Mathematics
2825:and science
2708:Agriculture
2572:Stesichorus
2482:Bacchylides
2472:Archilochus
2359:Antisthenes
2349:Anaximander
2321:Seven Sages
2311:Playwrights
2291:Geographers
2286:Astronomers
2113:Pezhetairos
1740: 1100
1720:Federations
1619:Megalopolis
1556:City states
1531:City states
1208:1. Heraclea
1102:"Heracleia"
1074:John Dryden
660:Herodotus,
628:Nemean lion
147: /
123:Coordinates
4204:Categories
4034:Polemonion
3911:Phanagoria
3881:Kimmerikon
3876:Kerkinitis
3861:Hermonassa
3851:Dioscurias
3747:Aspalathos
3694:Kalathousa
3669:Akra Leuke
3598:Phoenicusa
3383:Scylletium
3368:Poseidonia
3288:Brentesion
3175:Pamphylian
3170:Macedonian
3088:Samothrace
3073:Hephaestus
3020:Long Walls
2999:Structures
2940:Underworld
2886:Technology
2849:Literature
2783:Philosophy
2748:Euergetism
2637:By culture
2582:Thucydides
2424:Pythagoras
2419:Protagoras
2409:Parmenides
2394:Heraclitus
2379:Empedocles
2369:Democritus
2354:Anaximenes
2344:Anaxagoras
2296:Historians
1789: 595
1776: 550
1757: 800
1742: – c.
1670:Cappadocia
1475:Ionian Sea
1465:Hellespont
1430:Aegean Sea
916:References
904:, p. 153;
872:pro Archia
870:; Cicero,
852:pro Archia
766:Plutarch,
535:Metapontum
475:Social War
409:, king of
393:Messapians
386:Pythagoras
348:Tarentines
334:colony of
304:Basilicata
227:Management
206:Site notes
163:Settlement
135:16°40′11″E
132:40°13′12″N
103:Basilicata
4120:in Epirus
4069:Trapezous
4014:Mesambria
3999:Eupatoria
3969:Apollonia
3964:Anchialos
3926:Theodosia
3896:Nymphaion
3886:Myrmekion
3856:Gorgippia
3812:Black Sea
3797:Tragurion
3782:Nymphaion
3767:Epidauros
3762:Epidamnos
3752:Apollonia
3729:Zacynthos
3651:Ptolemais
3645:Apollonia
3618:Cyrenaica
3608:Therassía
3603:Strongyle
3583:Ereikousa
3506:Leontinoi
3446:Apollonia
3323:Hipponion
3120:Mycenaean
3083:Parthenon
3015:Lion Gate
2918:Mythology
2881:Sculpture
2844:Astronomy
2778:Pederasty
2753:Festivals
2738:Education
2618:Lawgivers
2587:Timocreon
2567:Sophocles
2562:Simonides
2537:Philocles
2532:Panyassis
2527:Mimnermus
2492:Herodotus
2487:Euripides
2457:Aeschylus
2404:Leucippus
2364:Aristotle
2143:Strategos
2009:Synedrion
1963:Ostracism
1943:Areopagus
1895:Free city
1690:Macedonia
1574:Byzantion
1480:Macedonia
1445:Cyrenaica
1422:Geography
1356:Geography
1204:Heraclea
1202:(1911). "
1113:Geography
986:Histories
981:Herodotus
908:, p. 111.
890:iii.11.97
821:pro Balbo
819:Cicero,
804:pro Balbo
722:iii.11.97
539:Roman Law
507:bishopric
425:with the
419:Lucanians
407:Alexander
401:) of the
398:πανήγυρις
340:Athenians
326:It was a
266:Herakleia
262:Heracleia
219:Ownership
211:Condition
4169:Category
4147:Theatres
4074:Tripolis
4009:Kerasous
4004:Heraclea
3936:Tyritake
3891:Nikonion
3802:Thronion
3724:Salauris
3679:Emporion
3636:Berenice
3626:Balagrae
3578:Euonymos
3551:Tyndaris
3536:Syracuse
3531:Selinous
3501:Kamarina
3456:Casmenae
3441:Akrillai
3358:Neápolis
3293:Caulonia
3274:Mainland
3205:Linear B
3200:Linear A
3130:Dialects
3107:Language
2901:Religion
2859:Medicine
2793:Religion
2758:Folklore
2743:Emporium
2718:Clothing
2713:Calendar
2597:Xenophon
2592:Tyrtaeus
2577:Theognis
2552:Polybius
2547:Plutarch
2522:Menander
2502:Hipponax
2429:Socrates
2384:Epicurus
2230:Diadochi
2128:Sciritae
2088:Hetairoi
2063:Ballista
2028:Military
1991:Gerousia
1981:Ekklesia
1948:Ecclesia
1930:Athenian
1878:Politics
1791:–279 BC)
1778:–366 BC)
1759:–389 BC)
1695:Pergamon
1665:Bithynia
1658:Kingdoms
1599:Pergamon
1541:Military
1536:Politics
1333:Timeline
1277:Archived
1265:Archived
1250:Archived
1235:Archived
1064:Plutarch
881: ;
866:Strabo,
850:Cicero,
808:( 22).50
802:Cicero,
736:Strabo,
686:Strabo,
673:Strabo,
636:See also
624:Herakles
489:and the
471:Hannibal
431:Laevinus
361:Diodorus
344:Thurians
296:Policoro
274:Ἡράκλεια
258:Heraclea
178:Tarentum
95:Policoro
91:Location
44:Ἡράκλεια
38:Heraclea
4189:Outline
4142:Temples
4079:Zaliche
4059:Thèrmae
4049:Sesamus
4019:Odessos
3994:Cytorus
3989:Cotyora
3739:Illyria
3704:Mainake
3699:Kypsela
3588:Hycesia
3546:Thermae
3526:Segesta
3516:Messana
3471:Helorus
3451:Calacte
3431:Akragas
3393:Sybaris
3378:Rhegion
3333:Krimisa
3283:Alision
3192:Writing
3165:Locrian
3155:Epirote
3125:Homeric
3058:Artemis
3045:Temples
2986:Olympia
2956:Eleusis
2891:Theatre
2876:Pottery
2803:Warfare
2798:Slavery
2733:Economy
2728:Cuisine
2723:Coinage
2700:Society
2685:Culture
2680:Society
2628:Tyrants
2467:Alcaeus
2449:Authors
2399:Hypatia
2389:Gorgias
2326:Writers
2148:Toxotai
2118:Sarissa
2108:Peltast
2103:Phalanx
2083:Hoplite
2078:Hippeis
2001:Macedon
1973:Spartan
1958:Heliaia
1905:Proxeny
1614:Larissa
1609:Kerkyra
1604:Eretria
1594:Miletus
1589:Ephesus
1584:Corinth
1579:Chalcis
1500:Taurica
1370:Periods
1351:History
1214:(ed.).
1197::
1149::
1039:Orosius
768:Pyrrhus
692:12.36.4
557:Gallery
503:Anglona
495:Venusia
483:Ptolemy
423:Pyrrhus
352:Taranto
314:History
298:in the
260:, also
243:Website
188:Founded
173:Builder
168:History
4225:432 BC
4179:Portal
4127:People
4115:Cities
4054:Sinope
4039:Rhizos
4029:Phasis
3979:Bathus
3974:Athina
3959:Amisos
3921:Tanais
3916:Pityus
3841:Charax
3792:Pharos
3787:Orikon
3684:Helike
3674:Alonis
3641:Cyrene
3573:Didyme
3486:Himera
3461:Catana
3423:Sicily
3413:Thurii
3408:Terina
3373:Pixous
3328:Hydrus
3303:Croton
3135:Aeolic
3053:Aphaea
2976:Dodona
2961:Delphi
2930:Temple
2606:Others
2557:Sappho
2542:Pindar
2517:Lucian
2512:Ibycus
2497:Hesiod
2434:Thales
2202:Rulers
2181:People
2158:Xyston
2153:Xiphos
2014:Koinon
1920:Tyrant
1910:Stasis
1900:Koinon
1700:Pontus
1675:Epirus
1644:Sparta
1634:Rhodes
1629:Megara
1624:Thebes
1569:Athens
1495:Pontus
1460:Epirus
1450:Cyprus
1435:Aeolis
1210:". In
1191:
1120:
1108:Strabo
1080:
997:
969:Florus
951:
902:Eckhel
879:(5).10
868:6.1.14
824:(8).21
775:1.13.7
771:16, 17
749:Livy,
716:Livy,
703:Livy,
688:6.1.14
675:6.1.14
620:Athena
551:Zeuxis
455:Cicero
427:Romans
411:Epirus
369:Strabo
365:Thurii
356:stadia
291:comune
222:Public
214:Ruined
196:Events
113:Region
4137:Stoae
4105:Lists
4024:Oinòe
3947:coast
3945:South
3931:Tyras
3901:Olbia
3871:Kepoi
3824:coast
3822:North
3815:basin
3757:Aulon
3719:Rhode
3631:Barca
3521:Naxos
3476:Henna
3436:Akrai
3403:Taras
3388:Siris
3348:Medma
3343:Locri
3308:Cumae
3298:Chone
3276:Italy
3182:Koine
3160:Ionic
3150:Doric
3145:Attic
2966:Delos
2864:Music
2507:Homer
2462:Aesop
2414:Plato
2316:Poets
1986:Ephor
1938:Agora
1915:Tagus
1890:Boule
1639:Samos
1564:Argos
1470:Ionia
1455:Doris
1440:Crete
875:(4).6
855:(4).8
787:Liris
755:6.3.4
738:6.3.4
648:Notes
381:Pliny
371:from
336:Siris
332:Ionic
328:Greek
308:Italy
286:Sinni
182:Siris
107:Italy
4064:Tium
3831:Akra
3772:Issa
3466:Gela
3338:Laüs
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