20:
1966:
456:
332:
356:
682:
Gundelfinger, Simon; Verkinderen, Peter (2020). "The
Governors of al-Sham and Fars in the Early Islamic Empire - A Comparative Regional Perspective". In Hagemann, Hannah-Lena; Heidemann, Stefan (eds.).
436:
312:
366:
326:
2012:
342:
110:, "army division"), which in their original inception were the areas from which a particular army division drew its pay, provisions and recruits. The province of
751:
1429:
1414:
2007:
1881:
1997:
2002:
292:
744:
1239:
1234:
1035:
1434:
694:
627:
1856:
1444:
1275:
737:
1439:
952:
672:
651:
1356:
1257:
1916:
1841:
1529:
1946:
1936:
1921:
1424:
1184:
1050:
1951:
1931:
1926:
1896:
1608:
1076:
474:
470:
466:
450:
446:
1498:
1389:
1351:
1189:
1141:
1040:
1992:
1782:
1684:
1473:
714:
256:
gives the low number of 110,000 dinars, but this probably reflects the effects of the civil war of the
221:
along the coast. The coastal cities and their immediate surroundings formed their own small districts.
1941:
1906:
1836:
1514:
1449:
1419:
1409:
1394:
316:
178:
1811:
1603:
613:
302:
282:
619:
The End of the JihΓ’d State: The Reign of HishΔm ibn Κ»Abd al-Malik and the
Collapse of the Umayyads
1901:
1886:
1851:
1796:
1179:
346:
296:
1911:
1866:
1861:
1757:
1488:
1086:
945:
345:(undetermined period in 720β732; governed under Yazid II and continued in office under Caliph
1015:
229:
1891:
1777:
1660:
1539:
1399:
1229:
1154:
1131:
1116:
1091:
1055:
992:
710:
Palestine Under the
Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500
253:
8:
1871:
1846:
1665:
1642:
1623:
1404:
1346:
1341:
1224:
1111:
1096:
1081:
1071:
1025:
1002:
982:
708:
370:
131:
1702:
1598:
1174:
1169:
1121:
772:
1969:
1831:
1826:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1267:
1164:
1126:
1106:
1101:
1030:
938:
886:
843:
805:
718:
690:
668:
647:
623:
97:
30:
1618:
1613:
1493:
1249:
214:
1876:
1821:
1816:
1478:
1216:
1199:
1159:
1045:
987:
684:
662:
641:
617:
170:
43:
1652:
1534:
1457:
1300:
1295:
1194:
997:
977:
909:
894:
871:
856:
828:
813:
790:
704:
637:
209:
135:
127:
122:, comprising most of central Syria. Its borders encompassed roughly the former
1986:
1806:
1791:
1742:
1565:
1519:
1305:
1010:
914:
876:
851:
833:
795:
764:
729:
286:
249:
204:
191:
162:
93:
61:
25:
1767:
1692:
1524:
1310:
1149:
1020:
722:
257:
245:
19:
1717:
1570:
1483:
360:
174:
149:
plain around
Damascus, known as the "Garden Land" for its fertility; the
1752:
1727:
1647:
1320:
306:
261:
241:
237:
1762:
1670:
1315:
919:
899:
861:
818:
780:
305:(undetermined period in 705β715 during the rule of his father Caliph
182:
123:
89:
77:
76:("Dimashq"), which in the Umayyad period was also the capital of the
504:
1712:
1325:
961:
336:
154:
111:
73:
268:
of
Damascus, although presumably not all of them were effectives.
1697:
1560:
320:
236:
tribes. The annual tax proceeds of the province totalled 450,000
69:
65:
1747:
1737:
1732:
1575:
1555:
218:
196:
186:
166:
150:
146:
315:(715β720; a kinsman of Dahhak ibn Qays; governed under Caliph
1722:
1707:
350:
200:
158:
100:
into several (originally four, later five) sub-provinces or
72:
dynasties. It was named after its capital and largest city,
930:
760:
492:
397:
233:
106:
56:
295:(undetermined period in 685β705 during the rule of Caliph
622:. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
576:
540:
480:
424:
329:(undetermined period in 717β720; governed under Umar II)
83:
681:
593:
591:
510:
335:(undetermined period in 720β724; governed under Caliph
195:; and al-Jibal. Other principal towns and cities were
2013:
States and territories established in the 7th century
643:
Slaves on Horses: The
Evolution of the Islamic Polity
16:
Sub-province of Syrian province in the Arab
Caliphate
664:
White
Banners: Contention in βAbbΔsid Syria, 750β880
588:
564:
552:
528:
516:
414:
412:
385:
1430:
Higher
Institute for Applied Science and Technology
1415:
International
University for Science and Technology
264:(r. 705β715), 45,000 men were in the rolls for the
667:. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
409:
1984:
1882:2002 West Asian Football Federation Championship
689:. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. pp. 255β330.
759:
145:of Damascus into the following districts: the
946:
745:
333:Abd Allah ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn Utba al-Fihri
686:Elites β Connecting the Early Islamic Empire
612:
498:
486:
430:
403:
373:, governed as Hakam ibn Walid's lieutenant)
359:(743β744; governed under his father Caliph
953:
939:
752:
738:
703:
462:
442:
357:Hakam ibn Walid ibn Yazid ibn Abd al-Malik
2008:Military history of the Umayyad Caliphate
646:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
293:Abd al-Rahman ibn Umm al-Hakam al-Thaqafi
349:until being reassigned by the latter to
313:Muhammad ibn Suwayd ibn Kulthum al-Fihri
50:) was the largest of the sub-provinces (
18:
1240:Syriac Catholic Cathedral of Saint Paul
367:Abd al-Samad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hajjaj
260:. In terms of troops, under the Caliph
1985:
1235:Cathedral of Our Lady of the Dormition
1998:Subdivisions of the Abbasid Caliphate
1435:Higher Institute of Music in Damascus
934:
733:
636:
597:
582:
570:
558:
546:
534:
522:
189:, sometimes recorded as belonging to
84:Geography and administrative division
1445:National Institute of Administration
1165:Ibn 'Arabi Mosque (Salimiyya Mosque)
660:
418:
391:
511:Gundelfinger & Verkinderen 2020
327:Dahhak ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Ash'ari
207:(the tax proceeds of which went to
47:
13:
1440:Higher Institute for Dramatic Arts
232:, but with a sizeable minority of
141:Later Arab geographers divide the
14:
2024:
2003:Syria under the Umayyad Caliphate
276:
88:Unlike any other province of the
1965:
1964:
1276:Syriac Cathedral of Saint George
285:(661β680; governed under Caliph
29:) and its provinces under the
1:
1922:January 2012 al-Midan bombing
1425:Arab International University
379:
1897:2008 Arab Capital of Culture
1077:Al-Shamiyah al-Kubra Madrasa
960:
271:
7:
1857:International Film Festival
1499:Four Seasons Hotel Damascus
1390:National Museum of Damascus
1352:Sulayman Pasha Caravansarai
1190:Sulaymaniyya Takiyya Mosque
1036:Tomb of the Unknown Soldier
713:. London: Committee of the
323:for an undetermined period)
319:and continued under Caliph
248:, and 420,000 according to
224:In its tribal make-up, the
10:
2029:
1474:Bakdash (ice cream parlor)
715:Palestine Exploration Fund
606:
1960:
1776:
1683:
1635:
1591:
1584:
1548:
1507:
1466:
1450:Damascus Community School
1420:Syrian Private University
1410:Syrian Virtual University
1395:Al-Assad National Library
1380:
1334:
1288:
1266:
1248:
1215:
1208:
1140:
1064:
968:
885:
842:
804:
771:
614:Blankinship, Khalid Yahya
317:Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik
118:, was the largest of the
96:was divided by the early
1604:Al-Fayhaa Sports Complex
1347:As'ad Pasha Caravansarai
1007:Grand Serail of Damascus
369:(743β744; a grandson of
343:Walid ibn Talid al-Murri
303:Abd al-Aziz ibn al-Walid
283:Dahhak ibn Qays al-Fihri
228:of Damascus was chiefly
1902:2008 Arab League summit
1887:2004 WABA Champions Cup
1852:World Military Cup 1977
1454:LycΓ©e Charles de Gaulle
1335:Souqs and caravanserais
1225:Chapel of Saint Ananias
347:Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik
244:, 400,000 according to
1862:1981 Azbakiyah bombing
1628:Al-Fayhaa Sports Arena
1489:Beit al-Mamlouka Hotel
1087:Al-Mujahidiyah Madrasa
661:Cobb, Paul M. (2001).
64:was divided under the
34:
1842:International Airport
1357:Al-Harir Caravansarai
1065:Madrasas and takiyyas
1016:Nur al-Din Bimaristan
22:
1540:Yusuf al-Azma Square
1400:Damascus Opera House
1230:Chapel of Saint Paul
1132:Sulaymaniyya Takiyya
1117:Al-Zahiriyah Library
1092:Al-Qilijiyah Madrasa
1056:October War Panorama
993:Mausoleum of Saladin
887:Later Abbasid Period
844:Early Abbasid Period
1932:April 2012 bombings
1927:March 2012 bombings
1872:1992 Pan Arab Games
1847:1976 Pan Arab Games
1685:Municipal districts
1624:Al-Muhafaza Stadium
1530:Sabaa Bahrat Square
1508:Streets and squares
1405:Damascus University
1342:Jaqmaq Caravansarai
1258:Mariamite Cathedral
1112:Al-Sibaiyah Madrasa
1097:Al-Rukniyah Madrasa
1082:Al-Fathiyah Madrasa
1072:Al-Adiliyah Madrasa
1026:Hejaz Train Station
1003:Citadel of Damascus
585:, pp. 128β129.
549:, pp. 126β127.
371:al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf
169:(mentioned only by
132:Phoenice Libanensis
1599:Abbasiyyin Stadium
1122:Nur al-Din Madrasa
185:, with capital at
35:
33:in the 9th century
1993:Medieval Damascus
1978:
1977:
1947:July 2012 bombing
1937:May 2012 bombings
1917:2011β2012 clashes
1679:
1678:
1609:Al-Fayhaa Stadium
1372:Al-Buzuriyah Souq
1367:Al-Hamidiyah Souq
1362:Midhat Pasha Souq
1284:
1283:
1268:Oriental Orthodox
1180:Sayyidah Ruqayyah
1127:Salimiyya Takiyya
1107:Salimiyya Madrasa
1102:Al-Sahiba Madrasa
1041:Temple of Jupiter
1031:Statue of Saladin
928:
927:
696:978-3-11-066648-9
629:978-0-7914-1827-7
501:, pp. 49β50.
406:, pp. 47β48.
394:, pp. 11β12.
254:Qudama ibn Ja'far
31:Abbasid Caliphate
2020:
1968:
1967:
1907:2008 car bombing
1619:Tishreen Stadium
1614:Al-Jalaa Stadium
1589:
1588:
1494:Blue Tower Hotel
1250:Eastern Orthodox
1213:
1212:
983:Khan As'ad Pasha
955:
948:
941:
932:
931:
754:
747:
740:
731:
730:
726:
700:
678:
657:
633:
601:
595:
586:
580:
574:
568:
562:
556:
550:
544:
538:
532:
526:
520:
514:
508:
502:
499:Blankinship 1994
496:
490:
487:Blankinship 1994
484:
478:
460:
454:
440:
434:
431:Blankinship 1994
428:
422:
416:
407:
404:Blankinship 1994
401:
395:
389:
49:
2028:
2027:
2023:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2018:
2017:
1983:
1982:
1979:
1974:
1956:
1780:
1772:
1675:
1631:
1580:
1544:
1503:
1479:Bawabet Dimashq
1462:
1382:
1376:
1330:
1280:
1262:
1244:
1204:
1136:
1060:
1051:Al-Shaab Palace
1046:Tishreen Palace
988:Straight Street
971:other landmarks
970:
964:
959:
929:
924:
920:Jund ash-Sharah
881:
852:Jund al-'Awasim
838:
800:
773:Rashidun Period
767:
758:
705:Le Strange, Guy
697:
675:
654:
638:Crone, Patricia
630:
609:
604:
596:
589:
581:
577:
569:
565:
557:
553:
545:
541:
533:
529:
521:
517:
509:
505:
497:
493:
485:
481:
463:Le Strange 1890
461:
457:
443:Le Strange 1890
441:
437:
429:
425:
417:
410:
402:
398:
390:
386:
382:
279:
274:
171:Yaqut al-Hamawi
86:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2026:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1976:
1975:
1973:
1972:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1788:
1786:
1783:List of rulers
1774:
1773:
1771:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1689:
1687:
1681:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1655:
1653:Al-Muhafaza SC
1650:
1645:
1639:
1637:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1595:
1593:
1586:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1552:
1550:
1546:
1545:
1543:
1542:
1537:
1535:Umayyad Square
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1515:Baghdad Street
1511:
1509:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1460:
1458:Shami Hospital
1455:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1386:
1384:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1338:
1336:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1301:Bab al-Jabiyah
1298:
1296:Bab al-Faradis
1292:
1290:
1289:Historic gates
1286:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1278:
1272:
1270:
1264:
1263:
1261:
1260:
1254:
1252:
1246:
1245:
1243:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1221:
1219:
1210:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1146:
1144:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1061:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1005:
1000:
998:Umayyad Mosque
995:
990:
985:
980:
978:Al-Azem Palace
974:
972:
966:
965:
958:
957:
950:
943:
935:
926:
925:
923:
922:
917:
912:
910:Jund al-Urdunn
907:
902:
897:
895:Jund Qinnasrin
891:
889:
883:
882:
880:
879:
874:
872:Jund al-Urdunn
869:
864:
859:
857:Jund Qinnasrin
854:
848:
846:
840:
839:
837:
836:
831:
829:Jund al-Urdunn
826:
821:
816:
814:Jund Qinnasrin
810:
808:
806:Umayyad Period
802:
801:
799:
798:
793:
791:Jund al-Urdunn
788:
783:
777:
775:
769:
768:
757:
756:
749:
742:
734:
728:
727:
701:
695:
679:
673:
658:
652:
634:
628:
608:
605:
603:
602:
600:, p. 129.
587:
575:
573:, p. 128.
563:
561:, p. 127.
551:
539:
537:, p. 125.
527:
525:, p. 124.
515:
503:
491:
479:
455:
435:
423:
408:
396:
383:
381:
378:
377:
376:
375:
374:
354:
340:
330:
324:
310:
300:
290:
278:
277:Umayyad period
275:
273:
270:
210:Jund al-Urdunn
128:Phoenice Prima
85:
82:
60:), into which
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2025:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1981:
1971:
1963:
1962:
1959:
1953:
1952:2017 bombings
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1942:Battle (2012)
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1912:2011 bombings
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1867:1986 bombings
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1837:Battle (1941)
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1807:Burid dynasty
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1779:
1775:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1690:
1688:
1686:
1682:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1640:
1638:
1634:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1594:
1590:
1587:
1583:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1566:Mount Qasioun
1564:
1562:
1561:Pharpar River
1559:
1557:
1554:
1553:
1551:
1547:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1520:Marjeh Square
1518:
1516:
1513:
1512:
1510:
1506:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1467:Entertainment
1465:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1379:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1337:
1333:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1306:Bab al-Saghir
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1291:
1287:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1265:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1253:
1251:
1247:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1214:
1211:
1207:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1155:Darwish Pasha
1153:
1151:
1148:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1011:Khadra Palace
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
975:
973:
967:
963:
956:
951:
949:
944:
942:
937:
936:
933:
921:
918:
916:
915:Jund Filastin
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
892:
890:
888:
884:
878:
877:Jund Filastin
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
849:
847:
845:
841:
835:
834:Jund Filastin
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
811:
809:
807:
803:
797:
796:Jund Filastin
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
778:
776:
774:
770:
766:
765:Bilad al-Sham
762:
755:
750:
748:
743:
741:
736:
735:
732:
724:
720:
716:
712:
711:
706:
702:
698:
692:
688:
687:
680:
676:
674:0-7914-4880-0
670:
666:
665:
659:
655:
653:0-521-52940-9
649:
645:
644:
639:
635:
631:
625:
621:
620:
615:
611:
610:
599:
594:
592:
584:
579:
572:
567:
560:
555:
548:
543:
536:
531:
524:
519:
513:, p. 97.
512:
507:
500:
495:
489:, p. 49.
488:
483:
476:
472:
468:
464:
459:
452:
448:
444:
439:
433:, p. 48.
432:
427:
421:, p. 13.
420:
415:
413:
405:
400:
393:
388:
384:
372:
368:
365:
364:
362:
358:
355:
352:
348:
344:
341:
338:
334:
331:
328:
325:
322:
318:
314:
311:
308:
304:
301:
298:
294:
291:
288:
284:
281:
280:
269:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
250:al-Jahshiyari
247:
243:
240:according to
239:
235:
231:
227:
222:
220:
216:
212:
211:
206:
202:
198:
194:
193:
192:Jund Filastin
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
139:
137:
133:
129:
126:provinces of
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
108:
103:
99:
95:
91:
81:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
58:
53:
45:
41:
40:
32:
28:
27:
26:Bilad al-Sham
21:
1980:
1812:Siege (1148)
1802:Jund Dimashq
1801:
1758:Al-Salihiyah
1693:Old Damascus
1661:Al-Shorta SC
1556:Barada River
1525:Rawda Square
1381:Culture and
1311:Bab al-Salam
1021:Maktab Anbar
969:Historic and
905:Jund Dimashq
904:
867:Jund Dimashq
866:
824:Jund Dimashq
823:
786:Jund Dimashq
785:
709:
685:
663:
642:
618:
578:
566:
554:
542:
530:
518:
506:
494:
482:
458:
438:
426:
399:
387:
297:Abd al-Malik
265:
258:Fourth Fitna
246:al-Baladhuri
225:
223:
208:
190:
161:as capital;
142:
140:
119:
116:jund Dimashq
115:
105:
101:
87:
55:
51:
39:Jund Dimashq
38:
37:
36:
24:
1892:Declaration
1797:Siege (634)
1753:Rukn al-Din
1718:Al-Shaghour
1666:Al-Wahda SC
1657:Al-Nidal SC
1643:Al-Jaish SC
1571:Salera Hill
1484:Havana Cafe
1185:Sinan Pasha
1175:Nabi Habeel
1170:Murad Pasha
465:, pp.
445:, pp.
361:al-Walid II
238:gold dinars
1987:Categories
1728:Kafr Sousa
1648:Al-Majd SC
1321:Bab Sharqi
598:Crone 1980
583:Crone 1980
571:Crone 1980
559:Crone 1980
547:Crone 1980
535:Crone 1980
523:Crone 1980
380:References
307:al-Walid I
287:Mu'awiya I
262:al-Walid I
155:Bathaniyya
104:(singular
1763:Muhajreen
1671:Barada SC
1383:education
1316:Bab Kisan
900:Jund Hims
862:Jund Hims
819:Jund Hims
781:Jund Hims
761:Districts
419:Cobb 2001
392:Cobb 2001
272:Governors
183:al-Sharah
124:Byzantine
90:Caliphate
78:Caliphate
1970:Category
1827:Protocol
1778:Timeline
1713:Al-Midan
1326:Bab Tuma
1217:Catholic
1209:Churches
1200:Yalbugha
1160:Hanabila
962:Damascus
707:(1890).
640:(1980).
616:(1994).
337:Yazid II
112:Damascus
98:Umayyads
74:Damascus
54:, sing.
48:Ψ¬ΩΨ― Ψ―Ω
Ψ΄Ω
1768:Yarmouk
1703:Qanawat
1698:Sarouja
1195:Umayyad
1142:Mosques
723:1004386
607:Sources
353:in 732)
321:Umar II
242:Ya'qubi
215:Tripoli
157:, with
70:Abbasid
66:Umayyad
23:Syria (
1877:Spring
1822:Affair
1817:Eyalet
1748:Qaboun
1743:Barzeh
1738:Dummar
1733:Mezzeh
1592:Venues
1576:Ghouta
1549:Nature
721:
693:
671:
650:
626:
230:Yamani
219:Jubail
197:Beirut
187:Adhruh
167:Jaydur
163:Jawlan
159:Adra'a
151:Hawran
136:Arabia
134:, and
44:Arabic
1832:State
1723:Qadam
1708:Jobar
1636:Clubs
1585:Sport
1150:Aqsab
351:Mosul
234:Qaysi
201:Sidon
179:Balqa
147:Ghuta
120:ajnad
102:ajnad
94:Syria
62:Syria
52:ajnad
1792:Aram
719:OCLC
691:ISBN
669:ISBN
648:ISBN
624:ISBN
266:jund
226:jund
217:and
205:Tyre
175:Hula
153:and
143:jund
107:jund
68:and
57:jund
763:of
213:),
173:);
1989::
717:.
590:^
475:39
473:,
471:35
467:32
451:35
447:32
411:^
363:)
252:;
203:,
199:,
181:;
177:;
165:;
138:.
130:,
114:,
92:,
80:.
46::
1785:)
1781:(
954:e
947:t
940:v
753:e
746:t
739:v
725:.
699:.
677:.
656:.
632:.
477:.
469:β
453:.
449:β
339:)
309:)
299:)
289:)
42:(
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