547:. No pathological changes were found. 3–4 weeks after landing, most of these changes receded and the animals returned to normal. In the experiment, for the first time, a second generation of insects was obtained whose weightlessness was developed. No differences were detected between the second and the first generation. The influence of space conditions on the development of fungi was also found. Growing up in a weightless state, they created a very thin and extremely bent leg and a more massive mycelium than on Earth. Kosmos 605 also tested means of protection against
1798:
563:
29:
650:
615:
434:
1450:
1149:
519:) in various stages of their life cycle, and living bacterial spores. It provided data on the reaction of mammal, reptile, insect, fungal, and bacterial forms to prolonged weightlessness.
732:
1208:
1329:
1108:
988:
1618:
1160:
1058:
1573:
1231:
1226:
1196:
1098:
254:
1138:
1839:
1660:
1568:
1424:
1747:
1543:
1335:
1118:
1762:
1757:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1690:
1665:
1650:
1640:
1635:
1608:
1598:
1563:
1558:
1548:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1456:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1419:
1414:
1394:
1374:
1357:
1323:
1311:
1306:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1221:
1202:
1190:
1165:
1155:
1133:
1103:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1063:
1053:
1048:
1038:
1033:
409:
1068:
1680:
1675:
1613:
1603:
1468:
1399:
1389:
1340:
1317:
1296:
1180:
1093:
1088:
1752:
819:
401:
1883:
981:
713:
1868:
1832:
668:
1878:
974:
635:
503:
296:
1825:
812:
785:
Kozlov, D. I. (1996), Mashnostroenie, ed.; Konstruirovanie avtomaticheskikh kosmicheskikh apparatov, Moscow,
1873:
502:
for 21 days until its biological capsule returned to Earth on 22 November 1973 in a region of northwestern
213:
140:
847:
600:
459:
203:
63:
1863:
180:
1858:
805:
80:
70:
1773:
Payloads are separated by bullets ( · ), launches by pipes ( | ). Crewed flights are indicated in
695:
53:
532:
8:
1013:
1002:
998:
576:
483:
463:
360:
200:
966:
568:
548:
515:
527:
After returning, the animals found several functional changes, such as decreased body
765:
709:
129:
1813:
828:
701:
507:
443:
386:
292:
117:
1409:
471:
333:
1809:
540:
536:
487:
370:
705:
1852:
769:
654:
619:
446:. It was the first of eleven Bion satellites launched between 1973 and 1996.
270:
256:
124:
672:
1805:
467:
1685:
1553:
1291:
946:
941:
919:
913:
907:
901:
895:
889:
797:
528:
791:
Melnik, T. G. (1997), Nauka, ed.; Voenno-Kosmicheskiy Sili, Moscow, ISBN
1670:
1655:
1645:
1630:
1588:
1583:
1538:
1404:
1301:
1236:
1185:
1170:
1128:
1123:
1043:
1029:
883:
877:
871:
842:
414:
393:
323:
1781:. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in (brackets).
1696:
1624:
1462:
1368:
1215:
1113:
28:
1143:
1025:
925:
653:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
618:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
455:
190:
539:, decreased bone mechanical strength and decreased mass of some
506:. It carried several dozen male rats (possibly 25 or 45 ), six
1593:
1384:
1379:
1362:
1352:
1346:
1175:
761:
544:
499:
479:
475:
350:
340:
794:"Bion' nuzhen lyudyam", Novosti Kosmonavtiki, (6): 35, 1996
786:
693:
300:
513:(each in a separate box), a mushroom bed, flour beetles (
996:
558:
1804:This article about one or more spacecraft of the
1850:
96:21 days, 12 hours and 47 minutes
1833:
1777:. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed in
982:
813:
16:Soviet biological science spacecraft (Bion 1)
630:
628:
470:. The satellite was initially launched in a
671:. Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from
1840:
1826:
989:
975:
827:
820:
806:
660:
625:
595:
593:
591:
727:
725:
1851:
694:Brian Harvey; Olga Zakutnyaya (2011).
588:
970:
801:
666:
482:of 424 km (263 mi) with an
1792:
722:
478:of 221 km (137 mi) and an
13:
14:
1895:
1796:
648:
613:
561:
64:Institute of Biomedical Problems
27:
779:
750:
687:
636:"Trajectory: Bion 1 1973-083A"
150:5,500 kg (12,100 lb)
82:
1:
1884:Soviet Union spacecraft stubs
582:
454:Kosmos 605 was launched by a
1812:. You can help Knowledge by
7:
1869:Spacecraft launched in 1973
958:(Kosmos number in brackets)
601:"Display: Bion 1 1974-083A"
554:
498:The spacecraft orbited the
244:22 November 1973, 07:12 UTC
158:900 kg (2,000 lb)
10:
1900:
1791:
522:
493:
179:31 October 1973, 18:24:59
1771:
1021:
955:
934:
858:
835:
733:"PowerPoint Presentation"
706:10.1007/978-1-4419-8150-9
700:. Springer. p. 448.
449:
439:
383:
379:
369:
359:
355:424 km (263 mi)
349:
345:221 km (137 mi)
339:
329:
319:
314:
310:
306:
248:
240:
232:
227:
223:
219:
209:
196:
186:
175:
170:
166:
162:
154:
146:
136:
123:
113:
108:
104:
100:
92:
79:
69:
59:
49:
45:
35:
26:
1879:1973 in the Soviet Union
511:(Agrionemys horsfieldii)
829:Bion/Bion-M satellites
836:Bion precursor flight
320:Reference system
109:Spacecraft properties
1005:Orbital launches in
764:: Ossolineum. 1974.
697:Russian Space Probes
533:difficulty breathing
1874:1973 in spaceflight
848:Veterok and Ugolyok
846:(carried two dogs,
638:. NASA. 14 May 2020
603:. NASA. 14 May 2020
577:1973 in spaceflight
484:orbital inclination
464:Plesetsk Cosmodrome
458:rocket flying from
402:Kosmos (satellites)
266: /
23:
569:Spaceflight portal
549:ionizing radiation
516:Tribolium confusum
490:of 90.70 minutes.
315:Orbital parameters
21:
1864:Kosmos satellites
1821:
1820:
1786:
1785:
964:
963:
851:
715:978-1-4419-8149-3
675:on 5 January 2009
508:Russian tortoises
486:of 62.80° ant an
423:
422:
271:53.483°N 65.450°E
1891:
1842:
1835:
1828:
1800:
1799:
1793:
1109:Nauka-16KS No.2L
1010:
1009:
1008:
991:
984:
977:
968:
967:
845:
822:
815:
808:
799:
798:
774:
773:
760:. Vol. 73.
754:
748:
747:
745:
743:
737:
729:
720:
719:
691:
685:
684:
682:
680:
664:
658:
652:
651:
647:
645:
643:
632:
623:
617:
616:
612:
610:
608:
597:
571:
566:
565:
564:
441:
437:
341:Perigee altitude
290:
289:
287:
286:
285:
283:
282:Bion 1 spashdown
278:
277:
272:
267:
264:
263:
262:
259:
171:Start of mission
93:Mission duration
84:
31:
24:
20:
1899:
1898:
1894:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1889:
1888:
1859:Bion satellites
1849:
1848:
1847:
1846:
1797:
1789:
1787:
1782:
1767:
1619:Molniya-1 No.32
1410:Intelsat IV F-7
1161:Nauka-14KS No.2
1059:Molniya-1 No.31
1017:
1016:
1006:
1004:
1003:
1001:
995:
965:
960:
951:
930:
854:
831:
826:
782:
777:
756:
755:
751:
741:
739:
735:
731:
730:
723:
716:
692:
688:
678:
676:
665:
661:
649:
641:
639:
634:
633:
626:
614:
606:
604:
599:
598:
589:
585:
567:
562:
560:
557:
541:internal organs
525:
496:
472:low Earth orbit
452:
433:
419:
418:
412:
405:
398:
397:
390:
351:Apogee altitude
334:Low Earth orbit
291:
281:
279:
275:
273:
269:
268:
265:
260:
257:
255:
253:
252:
114:Spacecraft type
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1897:
1887:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1845:
1844:
1837:
1830:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1801:
1784:
1783:
1772:
1769:
1768:
1766:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1574:Interkosmos 10
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1459:
1454:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1326:
1321:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1232:Meteor-M No.27
1229:
1227:Nauka-9KS No.1
1224:
1219:
1212:
1205:
1200:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1099:Meteor-M No.29
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1012:
997:
994:
993:
986:
979:
971:
962:
961:
956:
953:
952:
950:
949:
944:
938:
936:
932:
931:
929:
928:
923:
917:
911:
905:
899:
893:
887:
881:
875:
869:
862:
860:
856:
855:
853:
852:
839:
837:
833:
832:
825:
824:
817:
810:
802:
796:
795:
792:
789:
781:
778:
776:
775:
749:
738:. 130.26.92.88
721:
714:
686:
659:
624:
586:
584:
581:
580:
579:
573:
572:
556:
553:
537:muscle atrophy
524:
521:
495:
492:
488:orbital period
451:
448:
444:Bion satellite
421:
420:
413:
407:
406:
399:
392:
391:
387:Bion programme
384:
381:
380:
377:
376:
373:
367:
366:
363:
357:
356:
353:
347:
346:
343:
337:
336:
331:
327:
326:
321:
317:
316:
312:
311:
308:
307:
304:
303:
276:53.483; 65.450
250:
246:
245:
242:
238:
237:
234:
230:
229:
228:End of mission
225:
224:
221:
220:
217:
216:
211:
207:
206:
198:
194:
193:
188:
184:
183:
177:
173:
172:
168:
167:
164:
163:
160:
159:
156:
152:
151:
148:
144:
143:
138:
134:
133:
127:
121:
120:
115:
111:
110:
106:
105:
102:
101:
98:
97:
94:
90:
89:
86:
77:
76:
73:
67:
66:
61:
57:
56:
51:
47:
46:
43:
42:
37:
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1896:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1854:
1843:
1838:
1836:
1831:
1829:
1824:
1823:
1817:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1802:
1795:
1794:
1790:
1780:
1776:
1770:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1698:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1626:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1464:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1452:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1370:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1348:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1331:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1151:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1139:Interkosmos 9
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1020:
1015:
1011:
1000:
992:
987:
985:
980:
978:
973:
972:
969:
959:
954:
948:
945:
943:
940:
939:
937:
933:
927:
924:
921:
918:
915:
912:
909:
906:
903:
900:
897:
894:
891:
888:
885:
882:
879:
876:
873:
870:
867:
864:
863:
861:
857:
849:
844:
841:
840:
838:
834:
830:
823:
818:
816:
811:
809:
804:
803:
800:
793:
790:
788:
784:
783:
771:
767:
763:
759:
753:
734:
728:
726:
717:
711:
707:
703:
699:
698:
690:
674:
670:
663:
656:
655:public domain
637:
631:
629:
621:
620:public domain
602:
596:
594:
592:
587:
578:
575:
574:
570:
559:
552:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
520:
518:
517:
512:
509:
505:
501:
491:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
447:
445:
436:
431:
427:
417: →
416:
411:
408:←
404:
403:
396: →
395:
389:
388:
382:
378:
375:90.70 minutes
374:
372:
368:
364:
362:
358:
354:
352:
348:
344:
342:
338:
335:
332:
328:
325:
322:
318:
313:
309:
305:
302:
298:
294:
288:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
226:
222:
218:
215:
212:
208:
205:
202:
199:
195:
192:
189:
185:
182:
178:
174:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
142:
139:
135:
131:
128:
126:
122:
119:
116:
112:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
85:
78:
74:
72:
68:
65:
62:
58:
55:
52:
48:
44:
38:
34:
30:
25:
19:
1814:expanding it
1806:Soviet Union
1803:
1788:
1778:
1774:
1695:
1661:Molniya-1-26
1623:
1578:
1569:Transit-O 20
1461:
1449:
1425:Molniya-1-24
1367:
1345:
1328:
1316:
1214:
1207:
1195:
1148:
957:
865:
859:Bion flights
780:Bibliography
758:Astronautyka
757:
752:
740:. Retrieved
696:
689:
677:. Retrieved
673:the original
662:
640:. Retrieved
605:. Retrieved
526:
514:
510:
497:
468:Soviet Union
453:
429:
425:
424:
400:
385:
249:Landing site
241:Landing date
155:Landing mass
137:Manufacturer
50:Mission type
18:
1748:Molniya-2-8
1686:Explorer 51
1554:Explorer 50
1544:Molniya-2-7
1336:Molniya-2-6
1292:Explorer 49
1119:Molniya-2-5
947:Bion-M No.2
942:Bion-M No.1
667:Mark Wade.
529:temperature
361:Inclination
274: /
197:Launch site
176:Launch date
147:Launch mass
41:Biocosmos 1
1853:Categories
1763:Kosmos 627
1758:Kosmos 626
1743:Kosmos 625
1738:Kosmos 624
1733:Kosmos 623
1728:Kosmos 622
1723:Kosmos 621
1718:Kosmos 620
1713:Kosmos 619
1708:Kosmos 618
1703:Kosmos 617
1691:Kosmos 616
1671:Kosmos 615
1666:Kosmos 614
1656:Kosmos 613
1651:Kosmos 612
1646:Kosmos 611
1641:Kosmos 610
1636:Kosmos 609
1631:Kosmos 608
1609:OPS 6630/2
1599:Kosmos 607
1589:Mariner 10
1584:Kosmos 606
1579:Kosmos 605
1564:Kosmos 604
1559:Kosmos 603
1549:Kosmos 602
1539:Kosmos 601
1534:Kosmos 600
1529:Kosmos 599
1524:Kosmos 598
1519:Kosmos 597
1514:Kosmos 596
1509:Kosmos 595
1504:Kosmos 594
1499:Kosmos 593
1494:Kosmos 592
1489:Kosmos 591
1484:Kosmos 590
1479:Kosmos 589
1474:Kosmos 588
1457:Kosmos 587
1445:Kosmos 586
1440:Kosmos 585
1435:Kosmos 584
1430:Kosmos 583
1420:Kosmos 582
1415:Kosmos 581
1405:Kosmos 580
1395:Kosmos 579
1375:Kosmos 578
1358:Kosmos 577
1324:Kosmos 576
1312:Kosmos 575
1307:Kosmos 574
1302:Kosmos 573
1287:Kosmos 572
1282:Kosmos 571
1277:Kosmos 570
1272:Kosmos 569
1267:Kosmos 568
1262:Kosmos 567
1257:Kosmos 566
1252:Kosmos 565
1247:Kosmos 564
1242:Kosmos 563
1237:Kosmos 562
1222:Kosmos 561
1203:Kosmos 560
1191:Kosmos 559
1186:Kosmos 558
1171:Kosmos 557
1166:Kosmos 556
1156:Kosmos 555
1134:Kosmos 554
1129:Kosmos 553
1124:Pioneer 11
1104:Kosmos 552
1084:Kosmos 551
1079:Kosmos 550
1074:Kosmos 549
1064:Kosmos 548
1054:Kosmos 547
1049:Kosmos 546
1044:Kosmos 545
1039:Kosmos 544
1034:Kosmos 543
1030:Lunokhod 2
843:Kosmos 110
679:16 January
642:16 January
607:16 January
583:References
504:Kazakhstan
440:Космос 605
426:Kosmos 605
415:Kosmos 606
410:Kosmos 604
324:Geocentric
297:Kazakhstan
280: (
210:Contractor
75:1973-083A
54:Bioscience
22:Kosmos 605
1775:underline
1069:Prognoz 3
770:0004-623X
460:Site 43/3
442:), was a
438:Russian:
435:‹See Tfd›
236:Recovered
71:COSPAR ID
1697:Soyuz 13
1681:OPS 9434
1676:OPS 9433
1625:Skylab 4
1614:OPS 7705
1604:OPS 6630
1469:OPS 6275
1463:Soyuz 12
1400:OPS 7724
1390:OPS 8364
1369:Skylab 3
1341:OPS 8261
1318:OPS 4018
1297:OPS 6157
1216:Skylab 2
1181:OPS 2093
1114:Salyut 2
1094:OPS 8410
1089:OPS 6063
555:See also
233:Disposal
201:Plesetsk
60:Operator
1779:italics
1753:Oreol 2
1451:Unnamed
1330:Unnamed
1209:Unnamed
1197:Unnamed
1150:Unnamed
1144:Anik A2
1026:Luna 21
926:Bion 11
920:Bion 10
742:8 March
523:Results
494:Mission
476:perigee
474:with a
466:in the
462:at the
456:Soyuz-U
293:Sarykol
261:65°27′E
258:53°29′N
191:Soyuz-U
81:SATCAT
1594:NOAA-3
1385:Mars 7
1380:Mars 6
1363:Mars 5
1353:Mars 4
1347:ITOS-E
1176:Skylab
1014:1974 →
999:← 1972
935:Bion-M
922:(2229)
916:(2044)
914:Bion 9
910:(1887)
908:Bion 8
904:(1667)
902:Bion 7
898:(1514)
896:Bion 6
892:(1129)
890:Bion 5
884:Bion 4
878:Bion 3
872:Bion 2
866:Bion 1
768:
762:Warsaw
712:
669:"Bion"
545:glands
480:apogee
450:Launch
430:Bion 1
394:Bion 2
371:Period
365:62.80°
330:Regime
187:Rocket
39:Bion 1
1808:is a
886:(936)
880:(782)
874:(690)
868:(605)
736:(PDF)
500:Earth
214:TsSKB
141:TsSKB
130:Zenit
36:Names
1810:stub
1007:1973
787:ISBN
766:ISSN
744:2014
710:ISBN
681:2021
644:2021
609:2021
543:and
301:USSR
204:43/3
132:12KS
118:Bion
88:6913
1032:)*
702:doi
428:or
181:UTC
125:Bus
83:no.
1855::
724:^
708:.
627:^
590:^
551:.
535:,
531:,
299:,
295:,
1841:e
1834:t
1827:v
1816:.
1028:(
990:e
983:t
976:v
850:)
821:e
814:t
807:v
772:.
746:.
718:.
704::
683:.
657:.
646:.
622:.
611:.
432:(
284:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
