Workers' Party (Brazil)

4283: 465: 2790: 2832: 4347:) and is often overturned in elections by left-wing parties with much less weight in national elections. The triumphs in the state were more associated with a strong rejection of PSDB in the state (which is even more weak and rejected despite his national strength) than a support of PT's program. In 2018 presidential elections, PT lost in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo with similar percentages in both states, with a difference of only 0.02% less percent of valid votes to the party in São Paulo. Despite being a 2491:, it implemented measures such as a progressive tax reform, involving the rich being taxed more highly to fund basic services for the poor, and the development of new institutions of genuine popular participation which gave, according to one study, "real decision-making power to civil society and involving a large number of civil organizations – from neighbourhood groups to non-governmental organisations (NGOs), and from cultural groups to education, health and housing pressure groups – in running the city." 2895:

work of the Catholic Church is considered to have been "fundamental for the PT's achieving a truly national character". One of the co-founders of PT, Hamilton Pereira, wrote that thanks to its Catholic origins, the party "became a party that along the various expressions of Brazil". Lula also stated several times that the Catholic left played a more important role in the PT than trade unions. The Workers' Party was the only party in Brazil able to develop such close relations with the Catholic Church.

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political ambiguities". The move from self-examination did not involve a clean break with the past as in other socialist parties after the end of the Cold War. The process was gradual, full of contradictions and replete with intra-party tension. By 1997, the National Meeting resolution redefined PT's version of socialism as a "democratic revolution", emphasizing a political rather than economic vision of socialism that aimed to make the state "more transparent and socially accountable".

1431: 2119: 2656: 4480:− DEM), the greatest ideological rival of PT in national level. PSDB is a strongest party and headed all presidential tickets which PFL/DEM participated since 1994, but the origin of PSDB resembling with the origins PT as a leftist opposition to the dictatorship, and the parties had strong links until PSDB broke with PT and join in a coalition with PFL, a right-wing party with strong fiscal conservative views, associated with the 3564: 3424: 3358: 3272: 3220: 1417: 1445: 2382: 4201: 4180: 4149: 4128: 4092: 4071: 4040: 4019: 3988: 3967: 3936: 3915: 3884: 3863: 3832: 3811: 3780: 3759: 3708: 3657: 202: 552: 3729: 3678: 2404:, enabled the reorganization of the labour movement without the direct interference of the state. The movement originally sought to act exclusively in union politics, but the survival of a conservative unionism under the domination of the state (evidenced in the refoundation of CGT) and the influence exercised over the trade union movement by leaders of traditional left-wing parties, such as the 2307: 2131: 2828:. For example, the resolution from the party's 8th National Meeting in 1993 reaffirmed PT's "revolutionary and socialist character", condemned the "conspiracy" of the elites to subvert democracy, stated that the party advocated "radical agrarian reform and suspension of the external debt" and concluded that "capitalism and private property cannot provide a future for humanity". 3482: 3160: 3100: 3040: 2879:

organization development of the PT in rural peripheries and rural areas, where the party relied on its Catholic faction to provide structural network. Whereas the party was considered a 'vehicle' for social change, supportive Catholic communities were "gasoline stations". The socialism of PT appealed to the Brazilian Catholic left, who was heavily influenced by

2337:(CUT) which carried major strikes from 1978 to 1980; and the old Brazilian left-wing, whose proponents, many of whom were journalists, intellectuals, artists and union organizers, were returning from exile with the 1979 Amnesty law, many of them having endured imprisonment and torture at the hands of the military regime in addition to years of exile. 2859:

with the socialist program of PT". Thus, while PT had begun to distance itself from its original socialist rhetoric and proposals by 1998, a clearer shift did not occur until after Lula lost again that year and after Lula and his group had more fully digested the impact of Brazil's changing political context and of Cardoso's economic reforms.

2922:, which became distinguished for its church-coordinated work against hunger and poverty. Liberation theologist Frei Betto also served as Lula's special adviser, and the faction also played a crucial role in the education policy of the party and the 2010 anti-corruption "clean slate" law. Major liberation theology figures such as 2847:'s recently implemented Real Plan as an "electoral swindle". The resolutions from the 1994 National Meeting condemned the "control by the dominant classes over the means of production" and reaffirmed the party's "commitment to socialism". PT's Program of Government that year also committed the party to "anti-monopolist, anti- 2858:

Lula's third presidential campaign platform in 1998 cut socialist proposals and even the mention of a transition to a socialist society, but the party's self-definition remained highly ambiguous as the resolution from the party's Meeting that year affirmed that Lula's platform "should not be confused

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PT enjoyed strong representation in the cabinets it led for most of the time that it was in office. PT held the majority of cabinet positions in the first two coalitions, with its occupation of ministerial positions comprising 60% in the first coalition, 54.8% in the second coalition and 46.5% in the

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This scandal unfolded around September 2006, just two weeks before general elections. As a result, Berzoini left the coordination of Lula's re-election after allegedly using PT's budget (which is partially state-funded through party allowances) to purchase, from a confessed fraudster, a dossier that

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and four other directors of the housing cooperative. The cooperative received government contracts and had multi-million real revenue. The cooperative was found to have illegally padded the service contracts by 20%, with many of the contracts going unfulfilled. The cooperative eventually folded with

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PT, however, maintained and expanded his stronghold in Northeast Brazil, conquered in Lula first elections in 2002. Since 2002, the only time that a state other than these which did not vote in PT in a presidential election was Alagoas in both rounds of 2002 presidential elections. PT and its allies

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and subsequently ended inflation and provided economic stability. As a result, Cardoso won the election in the first round with 54% of the votes. However, it has been noted that "the elections were not a complete disaster for PT, which significantly increased its presence in the Congress and elected

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party) after Lula was elected president were well received by many in the population, but as a historically more radical party, the PT has experienced a series of internal struggles with members who have refused to embrace the new political positions of the party. These struggles have fueled public

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In the 2014 general elections held on 5 October, the party won 13.9% of the vote and 69 seats in the Chamber of Deputies, down from the 88 seats they gained in 2010. In the first round of the presidential election, Rousseff won 41.6% of the vote but not enough to secure a victory. In the run-off on

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The investigation of a series of crimes, such corruption and money laundering, led to the arrest of the party's treasurer João Vaccari Neto and his sister-in-law. José Genoino, José Dirceu, Delcídio do Amaral, André Vargas and Delúbio Soares were also arrested in the process. Most recently, former

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Thanks to its large grassroots base, the Catholic left allowed PT to expand en masse and influenced the ideology of the party, as the Catholic factions provided meeting places for PT nuclei and engaged in "political consciousness-raising" amongst the rural population. Because of this, the pastoral

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After Lula's 1994 loss, the party began a slow process of self-examination. The resolution adopted at its 10th National Meeting in 1995 stated that "our 1994 defeat invites a cruel reflection about our image in society, about the external impact of our internal battles, about our ideological and

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In the 2010 general elections held on 3 October, PT gained control of 17.15% of the seats in the Chamber of Deputies, a record for the party since 2002. With 88 seats gained, it became the largest party in the lower chamber for the first time ever. PT also became the second largest party in the

2851:, and anti-imperialist change as part of a long-term strategy to construct an alternative to capitalism", statements that "sent shivers down the spine of the international financial community". Thus, as of 1995 "little or nothing" had changed in PT's official ideology since the early 1990s. 2878:

The party has a strong left-wing Catholic faction, and the Catholic left is considered the leading force behind the creation of the party, together with the Marxist left and 'new unionism'. Catholic grassroots communities known as CEBs became widespread in Brazil and became the backbone of

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from 1990 to 2018. However, the Acre section of the party is far more independent and moderate than the rest of the party and PT had only won the presidential election in the state twice in 2002 and 2006. PT also lost the governorship of Acre in 2018 to a candidate from right-wing

4403:, the only states in the region which borders Brazilian Northeast and much of their culture is near from Northwest than the rest of Amazon. In Amazonas, the largest Brazilian states, PT lost in 2018 for the first time since 1998; PT lost in the capital of the state, 2687:

in the first round. However, she was not able to receive the necessary number of valid votes (over 50%) and a second round in which she scored 56% of the votes took place on 31 October 2010. On 1 January 2011, she was inaugurated and thus became the first female

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which concentrates more than the half of the population of the state; in the large, sparsely inhabited interior of the Amazonian state, PT win by a large margin but insufficient to guarantee the fifth triumph of the party in the state on presidential election.

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centre-left and social democratic in its ideology. Lula won the 2002 election in a landslide. However, some of the more left-wing factions of the party were critical of this turn toward the center and later left to form new left-wing parties like the

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Julien Figeac; Nathalie Paton; Angelina Peralva; Arthur Coelho Bezerra; Guillaume Cabanac; Héloïse Prévost; Pierre Ratinaud; Tristan Salord (2021). "Brazilian left-wing activists on Facebook: the role of cultural events in political participation".

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had voted in the Workers Party presidential candidates in all new republic elections except 1994, the party shows strong difficulties to make representatives in federal, state and municipal levels. The party never elected a mayor in the

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According to a poll conducted by IBOPE on 31 October 2010, during the second round voting PT's candidate Dilma Rousseff had an overwhelming majority of votes among the poorest Brazilians. Her lead was of 26% among those who earned a

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gained control of 311 seats in the lower house and 50 seats in the upper house, a broad majority in both houses which the Lula administration never had. This election also saw the decrease in the number of seats controlled by the

4488:, the strongest leadership of PFL and a fierce foe of PT. Bahia is now the main stronghold of PT, the most reliable state for the Petismo and is considered a governance model to the party. Despite this, the state's capital 2866:, Lula committed himself and his party to the reform of taxes and pensions, and to promoting economic growth. He also accepted some of the liberal reforms from the Cardoso government, meaning that the party program was now 5969: 2926:

became supporters of the party. The PT's close relationship with Brazil's progressive Catholic Church continues to influence the rherotic of the party, with its politicians referring concepts from liberation theology.

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since Lula first came to power and saw its popular support plummet between 2015 and 2020, with presidential approval ratings falling from over 80% to 9% and successive reductions in all elected offices since 2014. The

6232: 4395:, which had a large population of evangelicals and south/southeastern migrants, also show reservations about the party. The electoral stronghold was also lost in 2018 elections; PT only triumphed in the states of 2636:

PT was now the second largest party in the Chamber of Deputies, the fourth largest party in the Federal Senate and has five state governorships. However, it only gained control of one among the ten richest states

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The party is often accused of exploiting the North–South divide in Brazil to gain votes in the northeast. The party denies the claims and accuses the opposition to do the same in the South and Southeast.

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debates, the worst of which had its climax in December 2003, when four dissident legislators were expelled from the party for voting against Social Insurance Reform. Among these members were congressman

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In Brazil, as Simone Bohn makes straightforward (Chap. 3), the progressive Workers' Party (Partido dos Trabalhadores, PT) governments did not threaten the power of the national elite or landlord class;

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The Workers' Party was launched by a heterogeneous group made up of militants opposed to Brazil's military government, trade unionists, left-wing intellectuals and artists and Catholics linked to the

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was able to make big gains in north and northeast regions of Brazil even in times which the party was in crisis, like in the last mayoral elections. PT's most loyal party PCdoB and former allies

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Although PT deliberately never identified itself with a particular brand of leftism, it nevertheless "always defined itself as socialist" and espoused many radical positions. For example, at the

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from 1994 to 2014, with their candidates finishing either first or second on the ballot in each presidential election in that period. The Worker's Party won five presidential elections since the

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from 2002 to 2014 (these are two of the three largest states by number of voters and together they comprise 18.5% of voters). The party also maintains a stronghold in the southernmost state of

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After the detrition of PSDB's image and as a result of an economic crisis that burst in the final years of Cardoso's government, Lula won the 2002 presidential election in the second round.

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as it has won elections there only once in 2002 (both rounds). The historical PT rejection in São Paulo was more widespread in interior than the capital as PT won the 1988, 2000 and 2012

5884: 6615:"The Dirty Problems With Operation Car Wash: News reports have pointed to serious wrongdoing at the heart of the anti-corruption inquiry that has shaken many Latin American countries" 2345:

PT was born by historical need. PT is not an accident. The future of Brazil goes through a party with the same program as PT, under any name whatsoever, under any leader whomsoever.

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Over the next few years, the party moderated a bit, but it never clearly shed its radicalism and undertook no major reforms of party principles even after Lula's defeat in the

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Leading up to the 1994 general elections, Lula was the leading presidential candidate in the majority of polls. As a result, centrist and right-wing parties openly united for

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and her lead was of only 4% on both demographic groups. Even though she was the first female candidate in a major party, her votes amongst men was wider than amongst women.

2552:. Even though all centrist and left-wing candidates of the first round united around Lula's candidacy, Collor's campaign was strongly supported by the mass media (notably 4512:

or less per month. Rousseff also had the majority of votes among Catholics (58%), blacks (65%) and mixed-race Brazilians (60%). Amongst whites and Protestants, she was

2821:. In addition, as a form of protest and as a signal that the party did not fully accept the "rules of the game" PT's delegates refused to sign the draft constitution. 4452:; and PDT was able to triumph in three capitals of the northeastern. Despite losing all capitals in northwest, PT had the governorships of three northwestern states, 5997: 2906:

wrote that the party is closely linked to liberation theology, and its liberation Catholic faction was an important contribution towards the party's victory in the

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would be used to attack political adversaries. On 25 April 2007, the Supreme Electoral Tribunal unanimously cleared Lula of any responsibility for this scandal.

7823: 6180: 7199: 6320: 5456: 5758: 6928: 5836: 4639:. Serious evidence for slush funding and bribes-for-votes were presented, dragging PT to the most serious crisis in its history, known colloquially as the 7114: 6547: 630: 6841: 4579:

that states that PT "is no longer an instrument of social transformation, but only an instrument of the status quo", continuing with references to the

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Since 1988, the Workers' Party has grown in popularity on the national stage by winning the elections in many of the largest Brazilian cities, such as

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state, many regions of Minas Gerais, especially in the north region of the state, had strong economic, cultural and socially ties with the Northeast.

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During Lula's fourth presidential run in 2002, the transition away from overt left-wing policies was fully cemented, and in a document known as the

4932:. Marxist Left released a statement saying that "for the revolutionaries, there is no more room for the construction of socialist ideas within PT". 5929: 6614: 5429: 2237:, also a member of PT, was elected twice (first on 31 October 2010, and then again on 26 October 2014) but did not finish her second term due to 2161: 7813: 5322: 2914:

served as president of the National Council for Food Security, and later became a political advisor of Lula. The PT mayor and Catholic lawyer

7818: 7747: 6089: 4306:. Despite this, the party lost its support even in the region and has not won any electoral zone in the capital in 2016 municipal elections. 2378:' dictatorship, unions had become quasi-state entities, was dissolved while unions themselves suffered intervention of the military regime. 7833: 5377: 4836: 6111: 5947: 5704: 4560:− PSOL) in June 2004 and ran for president in 2006, becoming at the time the woman who had garnered the most votes in Brazilian history. 4922:

Tendency for the Workers' Revolutionary Party (TPOR) – Trotskyist faction that seceded in 1990 as the Workers' Revolutionary Party (POR)

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PT had a strong electoral stronghold in North Brazil and in the Amazonian region; The party triumphed in every state governorship in

2009: 360: 17: 7642: 7124: 6921: 4343:

in 2002, which her party had broken some years early, and was massive defeated in the same year's election by the Garotinho's wife

2910:. The liberation theology faction of the party is also regularly included in the party's cabinet appointment. Liberationist bishop 2593:

for the first time two state governors". Cardoso would once again beat Lula in a rematch and re-elected for a second term in 1998.

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overturned all the convictions. This came after leaks which suggested that Judge Sérgio Moro had conspired with the prosecution.

4653:, former mayor of Porto Alegre. A small minority of party members defected as a result of the crisis. Most of them went to PSOL. 1302: 38: 7808: 7752: 7516: 7367: 7259: 6157: 5865: 3378: 2096: 1469: 1307: 7772: 7592: 2671:

Federal Senate for the first time after electing of 11 senators, making a total of 14 senators for the 2010–2014 legislature.

7732: 7697: 6698: 6262: 5680: 5576: 5201: 4929: 4222: 2810: 2315: 2004: 1365: 593: 7727: 7577: 7185: 3460: 3434: 3398: 3282: 2992: 2825: 2543: 2268: 7803: 7562: 7208: 6914: 4895: 3999: 3739: 3688: 3637: 3078: 2194: 2154: 1640: 1593: 1332: 498: 2329:, a private Catholic school for girls. The party emerged as a result of the approach between the labor movements in the 7777: 7647: 7485: 4493: 2029: 4545: 2794: 2723:, in addition to gaining back control of Rio Grande do Sul and the Federal District. Nevertheless, it lost control of 2334: 7672: 7597: 7325: 6462: 6382: 6348: 5439: 5336: 1911: 1462: 1295: 31: 6573: 6177: 1871: 7702: 7427: 7421: 7289: 7271: 6883: 5328: 4628: 4425: 3390: 3316: 3126: 3119: 2660: 2499: 2452: 2260: 1360: 1267: 730: 6000:[PT "disappears" from the capitals, MDB leads city halls and DEM is the fastest growing; see highlights]. 2680:

as it shrank from 133 to 111 deputies. The left-wing opposition, formed by PSOL, retained control of three seats.

2360: 2249: 551: 7742: 7662: 7161: 4481: 4327: 4310:, the candidate seeking reelection, stayed in a distant second place, with 36 percentual points below the winner 4160: 4108: 4051: 3947: 3895: 3843: 3791: 3492: 3368: 3324: 3230: 3170: 3110: 3050: 2907: 2756: 2672: 2650: 2616: 2602: 2575: 2571: 2280: 2256: 2242: 2218: 6436:

Os católicos oPTaram?: os "setores católicos" e o Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) na grande São Paulo (1978-1982)

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Os católicos oPTaram?: os "setores católicos" e o Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) na grande São Paulo (1978-1982)

4432:− PDT) made huge gains in region together with PT in the Lula−Rousseff era. PCdoB is now the strongest party in 7737: 7607: 7460: 6051:"From Socialism to Social Democracy: Party Organization and The Transformation of the Workers' Party in Brazil" 5500:

Origem, Projeto e Consolidação do Partido dos Trabalhadores (in Brazilian Portuguese). São Paulo, Cortez, 1989.

5224:"From Socialism to Social Democracy: Party Organization and the Transformation of the Workers' Party in Brazil" 4282: 3194: 2534:

PPS), a dissidence of PCB, they have been said to form the centre-right opposition to the Lula administration.

2147: 6551: 5292: 4549: 7762: 7572: 7552: 7547: 7379: 7253: 6898: 6294: 5228: 4485: 4384: 3374: 3304: 3297: 2836: 2238: 892: 248: 4889: 942: 7828: 7707: 7627: 7622: 7617: 7542: 7470: 7373: 7229: 7219: 7145: 5124: 4852: 4408: 4391:, which former President Lula gave strong support despite the opposition of the non-indigenous people; and 3596: 3576: 3386: 3308: 3186: 3179: 2622: 2436: 2222: 2014: 1312: 760: 402: 210: 7095: 7063: 7055: 7047: 7039: 7031: 6952: 5114: 5060: 4720: 4287: 4218: 3497: 2997: 2432: 2401: 2230: 2229:

for the first time. With the highest approval rating in the history of the country at one time, President

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This winning streak culminated with the victory of its presidential candidate Lula in 2002 who succeeded

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that is currently the country's ruling party. Some scholars classify its ideology in the 21st century as

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In another move, 112 members of the radical wing of the party announced they were abandoning PT in the

4529: 2275: 5972:[Find out how the benches in the Chamber of Deputies were and how they were, party by party]. 5633:

Flynn, Peter (2005). "Brazil and Lula, 2005: crisis, corruption and change in political perspective".

7782: 7722: 7687: 7652: 7557: 7455: 7403: 7301: 7277: 5457:"Apesar de resistência do PT, Lula quer participação de Meirelles em eventual governo, dizem aliados" 4417: 4268: 3530: 3514: 3507: 3456: 3449: 3402: 3320: 3312: 3250: 3198: 3190: 3138: 3134: 3130: 3066: 3062: 3018: 3014: 3007: 2844: 2581: 2515: 2495: 2484: 2405: 1327: 535: 6860: 7767: 7712: 7637: 7632: 7307: 6628: 5020: 4600:

a deficit of over R$ 100 million, requiring liquidation of assets to minimize the loss by members.

4348: 4260: 3538: 2549: 2420: 2295: 1901: 1573: 910: 710: 693: 374: 349: 4339:, the sole governor of the state from the party, took over because the resignation of the titular 2298:(TSE) identification number is 13. Members and sympathisers of the party are known as "Petistas". 2213:

and marginal far-left faction to this day. Founded in 1980, PT governed at the federal level in a

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26 October, Rousseff was re-elected with a narrow victory with 51.6% of the vote against Senator

2019: 1831: 1753: 1322: 787: 388: 6995: 5998:"PT "desaparece" das capitais, MDB lidera prefeituras e DEM é o que mais cresce; veja destaques" 5780: 5075: 4756: 7717: 7657: 7511: 7480: 7343: 6404: 6139: 5934: 4323: 4264: 3526: 3332: 2744: 2047: 1836: 1731: 1692: 1655: 1650: 1493: 444: 7612: 6793:

Tavares, José Antônio Giusti with Fernando Schüller, Ronaldo Moreira Brum and Valério Rohden.

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Jair Bolsonaro: Brazil's far-right president-elect accused of campaign funding irregularities

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PT: a lógica da diferença: o Partido dos Trabalhadores na construção da democracia brasileira

4705: 4464:. The governorship of Bahia, conquered in 2006, is symbolical. The party was a stronghold of 2903: 2884: 2523: 2069: 1916: 1881: 1743: 1677: 1665: 1247: 807: 745: 618: 573: 7005: 6599: 6455:

The new politics of inequality in Latin America: rethinking participation and representation

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The changes in the political orientation of PT (from a left-wing socialist to a centre-left

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with a white star also with the initials in the center; and the Workers Party's anthem. Its

1931: 882: 7409: 7313: 7265: 6490: 4256: 3518: 3394: 3328: 3246: 3239: 3074: 2805:. Both CUT and PT share the same origin and both organizations maintain a strong connection 2356: 2214: 2191: 2086: 2052: 1856: 1841: 1763: 1758: 1588: 1545: 1520: 1317: 1002: 872: 688: 635: 568: 323: 276: 243: 5817: 5356: 5040: 4596: 4344: 4314:. PT managed to win in only one city of the region, the small and distant municipality of 4303: 4295: 962: 91: 8: 7757: 7532: 7331: 4805: 4388: 4263:

regions of Brazil. Nevertheless, the party has always won every presidential election in

4214: 2899: 2891:, declared in 1986: "A real Christian is a communist, and a real communist a Christian." 2880: 2784: 2705: 2630: 2558: 2507: 2413: 2322: 2291: 2179: 2064: 1773: 1716: 1699: 1635: 1615: 1583: 967: 834: 725: 640: 598: 503: 416: 258: 6906: 6277: 6233:"author:"Boas" intitle:"Television and Neopopulism in Latin America" – Google Acadêmico" 5035: 4800:) within PT, ranging from Articulação, the centre-left group that Lula is a part of, to 4686:

Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

4641: 4624: 4618: 3003: 1102: 1032: 7587: 7433: 7337: 5970:"Saiba como eram e como ficaram as bancadas na Câmara dos Deputados, partido a partido" 5460: 5296: 5253: 4960: 4662: 4564: 4497: 4473: 4465: 3055: 2789: 2689: 2511: 2264: 2210: 2076: 1921: 1846: 1738: 1726: 1605: 1400: 1389: 1177: 1172: 1157: 1137: 797: 683: 650: 493: 286: 268: 4970: 2333:

such as the Conferência das Classes Trabalhadoras (Conclat), later developed into the

1866: 1851: 1082: 309: 6694: 6458: 6378: 6344: 6258: 5799: 5705:"Participants of the Denpasar Seminar, 19 – 20 September 2016 - Progressive Alliance" 5686: 5676: 5650: 5612: 5572: 5435: 5332: 5271: 5245: 4980: 4975: 4955: 4793: 4738: 4646: 4636: 4364: 4340: 4336: 4276: 4255:

Most of the Workers' Party votes in presidential elections since 2006 stems from the

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Introduction to Latin America Twenty-First Century Challenges by Peadar Kirby, P.151

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Voters chose between the conservative Jair Bolsonaro and the liberal Lula da Silva.

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Radicals in Power: The Workers' Party and Experiments in Urban Democracy in Brazil

6522: 5608: 2902:, considered an important factor in the creation of the party. Peter Flynn in the 1971: 1237: 1057: 7087: 7015: 6864: 6184: 6161: 5952: 5909: 5889: 5765: 5015: 5010: 4780: 4513: 4489: 4315: 4307: 3503: 3439: 2629:. Lula was re-elected with more than 60% of the votes, extending his position as 2428: 2423:

on 11 February 1982. The first membership card belonged to art critic and former

1961: 1704: 1682: 1598: 1578: 1550: 1530: 1435: 1182: 1052: 997: 937: 822: 812: 755: 673: 668: 603: 81: 6980: 6960: 6574:"Brazil Workers' Party treasurer arrested in Petrobras corruption investigation" 5094: 5070: 3235: 3175: 1087: 7166: 7079: 7071: 6450: 6421:

The Paradox of Adversity: New Left Party Survival and Collapse in Latin America

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The Paradox of Adversity: New Left Party Survival and Collapse in Latin America

5223: 5109: 5080: 5065: 5005: 4816:

Considered the right-wing of the party, i.e. going from centre to centre-left.

4332: 4240: 3287: 3115: 2919: 2915: 2684: 2589: 2468: 2447: 2386: 2338: 2311: 2234: 1966: 1946: 1936: 1826: 1806: 1687: 1525: 1242: 1197: 1187: 1167: 1127: 1117: 1072: 1037: 932: 927: 917: 802: 775: 299: 7177: 6975: 6024: 5646: 5144: 5045: 4732: 2763: 1142: 1107: 30:"Partido dos Trabalhadores" redirects here. For the Bissau-Guinean party, see 7797: 7397: 7247: 6965: 5870: 5803: 5690: 5654: 5616: 5249: 5241: 5099: 5055: 5030: 5025: 4995: 4985: 4950: 4841: 4376: 4271:

from 1989 to 2010 (with the exception in 1998 when Cardoso won there) and in

3534: 3382: 2923: 2911: 2843:

In 1994, Lula ran for the presidency again and during his campaign dismissed

2814: 2747:, which means that PT would participate in 13 out of 27 state governorships. 2701: 2677: 2664: 1906: 1861: 1821: 1816: 1721: 1501: 1282: 1277: 1272: 1257: 1152: 1077: 1042: 1022: 1012: 854: 765: 750: 253: 223: 7010: 6970: 5491:

A estrela não é mais vermelha: as mudanças do programa petista nos anos 1990

4774: 4726: 4517: 4311: 2396:

The resurgence of an organized labour movement, evidenced by strikes in the

2366:, Brazil's main federation of labor unions, the General Command of Workers ( 2217:

with several other parties from 1 January 2003 to 31 August 2016. After the

7450: 7391: 7241: 5974: 5104: 5000: 4592: 4568: 4509: 4371: 4279:, where it has won continuously since the second round of 1989 until 2002. 4272: 3542: 3293: 2720: 2488: 2472: 2390: 1876: 1796: 1791: 1262: 1227: 1132: 1122: 1067: 1047: 992: 982: 947: 740: 625: 184: 6210: 5568: 5514:(in Brazilian Portuguese). Revista Novos Estudos CEBRAP, n. 85, nov. 2009. 4299: 2817:, nationalization of the country's banks and mineral wealth and a radical 2715:

In the 2010 elections, PT retained control of the governorships of Bahia,

2460: 2326: 147: 6985: 6837: 6833: 6829: 6825: 5183: 5119: 4811: 4744: 4650: 2848: 2818: 2736: 2103: 1994: 1801: 1540: 1207: 1162: 1147: 1112: 1092: 1027: 1007: 977: 839: 735: 5324:

Dominant Elites in Latin America: From Neo-Liberalism to the 'Pink Tide'

4433: 2802: 1430: 153: 62: 5465: 5050: 4926: 4830: 4704:

President Lula was arrested in April 2018. However, in March 2021, the

4445: 4363:

PT never gets an elected governor in the Center-south until 2014, when

4319: 2888: 2585: 2553: 2424: 2397: 2330: 2081: 1926: 1515: 1217: 972: 844: 792: 720: 715: 174: 5759:

Convocação: Dia Nacional de Mobilização Dilma Presidente 27 DE OUTUBRO

4449: 4355:, a symbol of the Northeast, has its source in a small city of Minas, 2655: 2476: 7319: 4990: 4572: 4400: 3070: 2527: 2464: 2206: 2118: 1645: 1555: 1395: 1383: 1202: 897: 780: 770: 700: 678: 5675:. Uppsala: Uppsala Centre for Sustainable Development. p. 125. 5359:[PT's proposal is "populist" and "stupid", says Dornbusch]. 7682: 5822: 4392: 4356: 2287: 2024: 1941: 1660: 588: 228: 6298: 4461: 4453: 4286:

PT supporters in the 2018 election. The banner in the front says "

2740: 2728: 2548:

In the 1989 general elections, Lula went to the second round with

5948:"As cinco piores taxas de popularidade dos presidentes do Brasil" 4801: 4441: 4437: 4380: 4359:. With the exception of Rio Grande do Sul, Distrito Federal, and 2716: 1768: 1535: 849: 608: 313: 6858:

Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (Brazilian Electoral Superior Court)

6682:

Lula, the Workers' Party and the Governability Dilemma in Brazil

6453:; Martin, Scott B.; Piester, Kerianne; Segarra, Monique (1997). 5320: 4915:

Popular Socialist Action (APS) – seceded in 2005 and joined the

4396: 3577:

Election Resources: Federal Elections in Brazil – Results Lookup

2724: 2710:

Queen of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves

2683:

The party was also expected to elect its presidential candidate

2381: 2271:, and came in second in every other election held in that time. 7140: 6842:"Partido dos Trabalhadores: bibliografia comentada (1978–2002)" 4901:

Workers' Socialist Current (CST) – seceded in 2004 to form the

4404: 2839:, one of the main social movements linked to the Worker's Party 2562:) and Lula lost in the second round by a close margin of 5.7%. 2198: 1999: 1416: 233: 6155:

Political parties registered under the Supreme Electoral Court

5561:

Religion and Brazilian Democracy: Mobilizing the People of God

1444: 6691:

The Transformation of the Workers' Party in Brazil, 1989–2009

6374:

The Transformation of the Workers' Party in Brazil, 1989–2009

5673:

Faith in Civil Society: Religious Actors as Drivers of Change

5293:"Guidelines for soy don't protect tropical forests in Brazil" 4716:

Since its inception the party has been led by the following:

4457: 2638: 342: 4908:

Socialist Left Movement (MES) – seceded in 2004 to form the

4877:

Workers' Cause (CO) – seceded from the party in 1990 as the

4302:

mayoral election and was a major force in his homeland, the

2374:

since its formation, a practice tied to the fact that since

2306: 6873:

Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers' Party) official webpage

5843:(in Brazilian Portuguese). January 20, 2016. Archived from 5839:["Dilma is much more leftist than me", says Lula]. 5463:

to participate in an eventual government, say allies].

5158: 3585: 2412:, PCB), forced the unionist movement of ABC, encouraged by 5357:"Proposta do PT é "populista' e "estúpida", diz Dornbusch" 2887:

complemented one another. One of pro-PT Catholic priests,

2584:'s candidacy. As Minister of Economy, Cardoso created the 2510:, PSDB is the party's main electoral rival as well as the 2241:. The party came back to power with Lula's victory in the 6936: 6857: 6281: 6252: 5837:""Dilma é muito mais de esquerda do que eu", afirma Lula" 2341:

herself was imprisoned and tortured by the dictatorship.

336: 6872: 6844:(PDF). São Paulo: Editora Fundação Perseu Abramo. 413 p. 6739:

As Transformações do PT e os Rumos da Esquerda no Brasil

5903:"PT elege maior bancada na Câmara e a segunda do Senado" 5874:. Published 1 November 2018. Retrieved 22 November 2018. 6504:"Lula's purge: The Workers' Party sheds its dissenters" 6448: 6090:"Para que não se esqueça, para que nunca mais aconteça" 5930:"Lula's Chosen Heir Surges in Brazil Presidential Poll" 4649:

resigned as president of the party and was replaced by

6629:"Esquerda Marxista (Marxist Left) decides to leave PT" 5670: 5595:

Knoll, Travis (2019). "Seeking Liberation in Brazil".

4812:

Tendencies integrating the Building a New Brazil field

4534: 4318:. PT is also strongly rejected in other states of the 6112:"Leader's Torture in the '70s Stirs Ghosts in Brazil" 5818:"Dilma Rousseff and Brazil face up to decisive month" 5455:

Uribe, Gustavo; Herédia, Thais (September 21, 2016).

2427:

activist Mário Pedrosa, followed by literary scholar

5493:(in Brazilian Portuguese). São Paulo, Garçoni, 2003. 4831:

Tendencies categorized as the left-wing of the party

2727:. Candidates supported by the party won the race in 2263:(PSDB) were the biggest adversaries in contemporary 2209:

ideology in the 1990s, although the party retains a

478: 6600:"Brazil judge annuls ex-leader Lula's convictions" 6457:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 431. 6191:. São Paulo: Editora Publisher, May 2009. Page 20. 5507:(in Brazilian Portuguese). São Paulo, Ática, 1991. 5403:[Social and ideological roots of Lulism]. 4444:; PSB is now the strongest party in the states of 2290:inscribed with the initials "PT" in the center; a 518: A broad left-wing faction, it includes some 7678:Party of the Reconstruction of the National Order 5768:, Secretaria de cultura do PT-DF, 22 October 2010 5376:Cattan, Nacha; Biller, David (October 31, 2017). 2435:. Holanda's daughter Ana de Holanda later became 7795: 7115:2009 Workers' Party (Brazil) leadership election 6890:Numbers of Brazilian Official Political Parties 6710:The Workers' Party and Democratization in Brazil 6670: 6487:Entre mais pobres, Dilma teve 26 pontos de folga 5272:"Is Social Democracy Possible in Latin America?" 4925:Marxist Left (EM), the Brazilian section of the 4383:, which the impact of the controversy about the 7207: 2419:PT was officially recognized as a party by the 2370:– CGT), which gathered leaders approved by the 6612: 6246: 5321:Liisa L. North, Timothy D. Clark, ed. (2017). 5217: 5215: 4623:In July 2005, members of the party suffered a 7824:Democratic socialist parties in South America 7193: 6922: 6257:. London: Latin America Bureau. p. 120. 5378:"These Elections Could Reshape Latin America" 5285: 2479:as well as in some important states, such as 2155: 1470: 6211:"Brazil – The Presidential Election of 1989" 6022: 6004:(in Brazilian Portuguese). November 30, 2020 5454: 5375: 2918:became famous through his administration in 5866:The demise of Brazil's great centrist party 5212: 4759:(6 October 2006 – 2 January 2007) (interim) 2621:On 29 October 2006, PT won 83 seats in the 2283:marked a turning point in that trajectory. 7668:Party of the Christian Democracy of Brazil 7200: 7186: 7120:Fernando Haddad 2018 presidential campaign 6929: 6915: 6671:Branford, Sue; Kucinski, Bernardo (2005). 5978:(in Brazilian Portuguese). October 8, 2018 5392: 4571:on 30 January 2005. They also published a 4500:and grandson of Antonio Carlos Magalhães. 2162: 2148: 1477: 1463: 61: 6815: 6253:Branford, Sue; Bernardo Kucinski (1995). 5784:Brasiliana: Journal for Brazilian Studies 5776: 5774: 5563:. Cambridge University Press. p. 8. 5459:[Despite PT's resistance, Lula wants 5412: 5401:"Raízes sociais e ideológicas do lulismo" 4603: 4436:state and was able to elect the mayor of 2935: 2769: 2504:Partido da Social Democracia Brasileira – 2205:, with the party shifting from a broadly 7643:Movement for the Unity of the Communists 7125:Lula da Silva 2022 presidential campaign 6661: 6449:Chalmers, Douglas A.; Vilas, Carlos M.; 6418: 6336: 6178:"Onde estão os intelectuais brasileiros" 6142:. 24 April 2006. Fundação Perseu Abramo. 5754: 5752: 5750: 5748: 5746: 5744: 5742: 5666: 5664: 5628: 5626: 5590: 5588: 5554: 5552: 5525: 5407:(in Brazilian Portuguese) (85): 83–102. 4281: 3586:Chamber of Deputies and Senate elections 2830: 2788: 2654: 2446: 2380: 2305: 6496: 6482: 6480: 6478: 6476: 6474: 6433: 6423:. Harvard University. pp. 111–114. 6337:Horowitz, Irving Louis (July 1, 1981). 6140:"Manifesto aprovado na reunião do Sion" 6025:"Hino do PT - Workers' Party of Brazil" 5740: 5738: 5736: 5734: 5732: 5730: 5728: 5726: 5724: 5722: 5540: 5530:. Harvard University. pp. 112–113. 5512:Raizes sociais e ideológicas do lulismo 5221: 4820:Articulation - Unity on Struggle (AUNL) 2325:on 10 February 1980 at Colégio Sion in 1303:International Trade Union Confederation 14: 7796: 6688: 6679: 6414: 6412: 6370: 6065: 6063: 6031:from the original on November 17, 2021 5771: 5398: 4583:and other economic and social issues. 4367:was elected governor of Minas Gerais. 2930: 2811:Brazilian Constituent Assembly of 1988 2248:Both born among the opposition to the 1308:International Union of Socialist Youth 7814:Political parties established in 1980 7181: 6910: 6673:Lula and the Workers' Party in Brazil 6520: 5661: 5632: 5623: 5594: 5585: 5558: 5549: 5431:Democratic Socialism: A Global Survey 5427: 2813:it advocated repudiation of Brazil's 2286:The party symbols are a five-pointed 2221:, PT became the largest party in the 7819:Centre-left parties in South America 7728:Republican Party of the Social Order 6767:PT – Comunismo ou Social-Democracia? 6707: 6550:. September 29, 2007. Archived from 6471: 6371:Hunter, Wendy (September 13, 2010). 5719: 4723:(10 February 1980 – 24 January 1994) 4666: 4656: 2659:PT as a black cat chasing a toucan ( 2544:1989 Brazilian presidential election 2442: 2416:leaders, to organize its own party. 7834:Social democratic parties in Brazil 7773:Socialist Republican Party of Ceará 7593:Evolutionist Liberal Party of Ceará 6822:Carlos Henrique Metidieri Menegozzo 6795:Totalitarismo tardio – o caso do PT 6523:"Lula cleared of electoral scandal" 6434:Machado, Adriano Henriques (2010). 6409: 6297:. September 9, 2019. Archived from 6077:"Saiba mais sobre a história do PT" 6060: 6043: 6023:LuizPuodzius (September 18, 2011). 5541:Machado, Adriano Henriques (2010). 4765:(2 January 2007 – 19 February 2010) 4612: 4535:2003–2007 internal crisis and split 2316:1988 Brazilian Constituent Assembly 1333:Network of Social Democracy in Asia 24: 7733:Retirees' National Party of Brazil 6650: 6613:Vincent Begins (August 21, 2019). 6580:. Associated Press. April 16, 2015 5829: 4945:, from the Portuguese acronym PT. 4894:(CS) – seceded in 1993 as part of 4871: 4771:(19 February 2010 – 29 April 2011) 4625:sequence of corruption accusations 4586: 4294:Most of PT's rejection comes from 2385:Workers' Party regional branch in 25: 7845: 6848: 6662:Baiocchi, Gianpaolo, ed. (2003). 6419:van Dyck, Brandon Philip (2014). 6278:"Brazil re-elects President Lula" 6255:Brazil: Carnival of the Oppressed 5883:Khan, Shehab (14 November 2018). 5671:Heidi Moksnes; Mia Melin (2013). 5526:van Dyck, Brandon Philip (2014). 5448: 5204:[Membership Statistics]. 4936: 2421:Brazilian Supreme Electoral Court 2274:The party has been involved in a 594:Internationalist–defencist schism 7428:Brazilian Social Democracy Party 7290:Brazilian Social Democracy Party 6717: 6680:Bruera, Hernán F. Gómez (2013). 5816:Gallas, Daniel (29 March 2016). 5159:"Página inicial - com gutenberg" 4896:Unified Workers' Socialist Party 4671: 4633:Partido Trabalhista Brasileiro – 4523: 4200: 4199: 4179: 4178: 4148: 4147: 4127: 4126: 4091: 4090: 4070: 4069: 4039: 4038: 4018: 4017: 3987: 3986: 3966: 3965: 3935: 3934: 3914: 3913: 3883: 3882: 3862: 3861: 3831: 3830: 3810: 3809: 3779: 3778: 3758: 3757: 3727: 3707: 3706: 3676: 3656: 3655: 3562: 3480: 3422: 3356: 3270: 3218: 3158: 3098: 3038: 2522:ARENA), ruling party during the 2500:Brazilian Social Democracy Party 2261:Brazilian Social Democracy Party 2233:was PT's most prominent member. 2129: 2117: 1443: 1429: 1415: 550: 463: 201: 200: 7663:Party of Popular Representation 7486:United Socialist Workers' Party 7162:With the Strength of the People 6788:Crônicas contra o totalitarismo 6755:. São Paulo: Casa das Américas. 6621: 6606: 6592: 6566: 6540: 6514: 6442: 6427: 6398: 6364: 6330: 6313: 6287: 6271: 6225: 6203: 6194: 6167: 6145: 6130: 6104: 6082: 6016: 5990: 5962: 5941: 5922: 5896: 5877: 5859: 5810: 5697: 5534: 5519: 5481: 5421: 5414:10.1590/S0101-33002009000300004 5369: 4711: 4546:João Batista Oliveira de Araujo 4430:Partido Democrático Trabalhista 4233: 4223:Rio de Janeiro State University 2908:2002 Brazilian general election 2795:Central Única dos Trabalhadores 2757:2014 Brazilian general election 2651:2010 Brazilian general election 2617:2006 Brazilian general election 2603:2002 Brazilian general election 2576:1998 Brazilian general election 2572:1994 Brazilian general election 2566:1994 and 1998 general elections 2451:Presidential elections against 2368:Comando Geral dos Trabalhadores 2335:Central Única dos Trabalhadores 631:Reformist–revolutionary dispute 7753:Social Democratic Party (1987) 7748:Social Democratic Party (1945) 7738:Rio-grandense Republican Party 7673:Party of the Nation's Retirees 7461:Brazilian Labour Renewal Party 6772:Paula Couto, Adolpho João de. 6693:. Cambridge University Press. 6521:Duffy, Gary (April 25, 2007). 6377:. Cambridge University Press. 6164:. Tribunal Superior Eleitoral. 5349: 5314: 5264: 5194: 5176: 5151: 5137: 4930:International Marxist Tendency 4558:Partido Socialismo e Liberdade 3728: 3677: 2883:and believed that Marxism and 2864:Letter to the Brazilian People 2487:. During the time it governed 32:Workers' Party (Guinea-Bissau) 13: 1: 7809:1980 establishments in Brazil 7573:Conservative Republican Party 7553:Brazilian Labour Party (1981) 7548:Brazilian Labour Party (1945) 7517:Revolutionary Communist Party 7380:Brazilian Democratic Movement 7254:Brazilian Democratic Movement 6655: 6055:Comparative Political Studies 5893:. Retrieved 22 November 2018. 5609:10.1080/10714839.2019.1650483 5229:Comparative Political Studies 5131: 4777:(29 April 2011 – 3 June 2017) 4627:, started by a deputy of the 4422:Partido Socialista Brasileiro 4250: 2898:The PT is also influenced by 2520:Aliança Renovadora Nacional – 2276:number of corruption scandals 893:Socialism of the 21st century 249:Socialism of the 21st century 7708:Proletarian Liberation Party 7698:Progressive Republican Party 7618:Humanist Party of Solidarity 7543:Brazilian Integralist Action 6783:. São Paulo: CHED Editorial. 6438:(in Portuguese). p. 89. 6340:Policy Studies Review Annual 6176:OGASSAWARA, Juliana Sayuri. 5597:NACLA Report on the Americas 5545:(in Portuguese). p. 60. 4864:Popular Socialist Left (EPS) 4548:(known as Babá) and senator 4484:in 1993 and the homeland of 4335:, never elected a governor ( 2678:centre-right opposition bloc 2532:Partido Popular Socialista – 2410:Partido Comunista Brasileiro 2269:country reinstated democracy 1313:Party of European Socialists 761:Negative and positive rights 510: 7: 7603:Fluminense Republican Party 7500:Unregistered active parties 7296:Socialism and Liberty Party 7209:Political parties in Brazil 6834:Patrícia Rodrigues da Silva 6730:Dacanal, José Hildebrando. 5641:(8). Routledge: 1221–1267. 4917:Socialism and Liberty Party 4910:Socialism and Liberty Party 4903:Socialism and Liberty Party 4849:Left-wing Articulation (AE) 4787: 4581:International Monetary Fund 4554:Socialism and Liberty Party 2873:Socialism and Liberty Party 2826:1989 presidential elections 2799:national trade union center 2778: 2704:since the death in 1816 of 2556:as seen on the documentary 2538:1989 presidential elections 2219:2002 parliamentary election 10: 7850: 7563:Christian Democratic Party 6751:Harnecker, Martha (1994). 6708:Keck, Margaret E. (1995). 6343:. Transaction Publishers. 6160:November 29, 2010, at the 5796:10.25160/bjbs.v10i1.125719 5365:(in Brazilian Portuguese). 5202:"Estatísticas de filiação" 5190:(in Brazilian Portuguese). 5147:(in Brazilian Portuguese). 4660: 4616: 4530:List of scandals in Brazil 4527: 4239:Votes obtained as part of 4211: 2837:Landless Workers' Movement 2782: 2754: 2648: 2614: 2600: 2569: 2541: 2506:PSDB). For its defense of 2350:Claudio Solano, journalist 2301: 2243:2022 presidential election 129:11 February 1982 36: 29: 7778:Syndicalist Popular Party 7688:Paulista Republican Party 7653:National Renewal Alliance 7648:National Democratic Union 7558:Catholic Electoral League 7525: 7499: 7456:Brazilian Communist Party 7443: 7404:Brazilian Socialist Party 7353: 7302:Communist Party of Brazil 7278:Brazilian Socialist Party 7215: 7154: 7133: 7107: 7024: 6945: 6895: 6888: 6880: 6863:November 5, 2010, at the 6394:– via Google Books. 6360:– via Google Books. 5957:(in Brazilian Portuguese) 5917:(in Brazilian Portuguese) 5826:. Retrieved 20 July 2017. 5647:10.1080/01436590500400025 5559:Smith, Amy Erica (2019). 5496:Gadotti, M.; Pereira, O. 5469:(in Brazilian Portuguese) 5428:Busky, Donald F. (2000). 5115:Sérgio Buarque de Holanda 5061:Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva 4941:Its members are known as 4867:Socialist Resistance (RS) 4721:Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva 4680:This section needs to be 4591:This scandal, called the 4482:Brazilian military regime 4470:Partido da Frente Liberal 4418:Brazilian Socialist Party 4089: 4082: 4079: 4076: 4068: 4061: 4058: 4055: 4050: 3605: 3600: 3595: 3592: 3573: 3498:Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva 3292: 3286: 2998:Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva 2996: 2962: 2959: 2956: 2953: 2948: 2945: 2942: 2845:Fernando Henrique Cardoso 2797:(CUT) — Brazil's largest 2582:Fernando Henrique Cardoso 2516:National Renewal Alliance 2496:Fernando Henrique Cardoso 2483:, Espírito Santo and the 2439:in the Rousseff cabinet. 2433:Sérgio Buarque de Holanda 2406:Brazilian Communist Party 2402:Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva 2400:on the late 1970s led by 2231:Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva 2184:Partido dos Trabalhadores 1328:Young European Socialists 489: 476: 471: 462: 457: 443: 429: 415: 401: 387: 373: 359: 348: 329: 320:International affiliation 319: 305: 295: 267: 209: 193: 183: 173: 163: 140: 125: 107: 102:Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva 97: 87: 77: 69: 60: 54:Partido dos Trabalhadores 48: 27:Political party in Brazil 18:Partido dos Trabalhadores 7768:Social Progressive Party 7713:Reform Progressive Party 7638:Mineiro Republican Party 7598:Federal Republican Party 7444:Other registered parties 7326:Democratic Renewal Party 6774:A face oculta da estrela 6712:. Yale University Press. 5434:. Greenwood Publishing. 5242:10.1177/0010414004268856 4577:Manifesto of the Rupture 4486:Antônio Carlos Magalhães 4365:Fernando Damata Pimentel 2588:, which established the 2550:Fernando Collor de Mello 2355:PT was launched under a 2314:, makes a speech at the 2296:Superior Electoral Court 711:Environmental protection 53: 37:Not to be confused with 7804:Workers' Party (Brazil) 7583:Democratic Social Party 7466:Brazilian Woman's Party 7422:Democratic Labour Party 7368:Social Democratic Party 7272:Democratic Labour Party 7260:Social Democratic Party 7108:Elections and Campagins 7025:Presidential candidates 6938:Workers' Party (Brazil) 6779:Pedrosa, Mário (1980). 6744:Godoy, Dagoberto Lima. 6406:. Retrieved 2020-12-04. 6321:"Brookings Institution" 5489:Amaral, Oswaldo E. do. 5222:Samuels, David (2004). 4792:There are about thirty 4426:Democratic Labour Party 4267:from 1998 to 2014, the 4103:Opposition (2016–2018) 2528:Popular Socialist Party 2239:her impeachment in 2016 2225:and the largest in the 1754:Sustainable development 1678:Progressive nationalism 1323:Socialist International 788:Revolutionary socialism 269:Political position 7783:Workers' General Party 7743:Social Christian Party 7718:Renovator Labour Party 7658:Orienting Labour Party 7344:Sustainability Network 7216:Parties represented in 6816:Annotated bibliography 6809:Os Sentidos do Lulismo 6746:Neocomunismo no Brasil 6732:A nova classe no poder 6689:Hunter, Wendy (2010). 6079:. Terra. 24 June 2006. 5928:Rabello, Maria Luiza. 5908:July 21, 2011, at the 5405:Novos Estudos - CEBRAP 5399:Singer, André (2009). 5163:Fundação Perseu Abramo 5145:"Revista Focus Brasil" 4826:Radical Democracy (DR) 4629:Brazilian Labour Party 4604:2006 electoral scandal 4496:, a leading member of 4291: 4290:is arrested unfairly". 4098:Coalition (2014–2016) 2936:Presidential elections 2840: 2806: 2770:Cabinet representation 2751:2014 general elections 2673:Its national coalition 2667: 2645:2010 general elections 2633:until 1 January 2011. 2611:2006 general elections 2597:2002 general elections 2456: 2393: 2353: 2318: 2183: 2048:Economic progressivism 1732:Ecological engineering 1693:Social justice warrior 1656:Philosophy of progress 1651:Philosophical progress 883:Evolutionary socialism 179:Fundação Perseu Abramo 113:; 44 years ago 39:Brazilian Labour Party 7608:Free Fatherland Party 7538:Brazilian Black Front 7476:National Mobilization 6830:Aline Fernanda Maciel 6760:O fascínio da estrela 6633:In Defense of Marxism 6554:on September 29, 2007 6548:"Portal da Cidadania" 6183:May 26, 2020, at the 5764:July 6, 2011, at the 5635:Third World Quarterly 5569:10.1017/9781108699655 4885:Socialist Convergence 4858:Socialist Brazil (BS) 4706:Supreme Federal Court 4285: 4215:Georgetown University 2904:Third World Quarterly 2885:Political Catholicism 2834: 2793:Demonstration of the 2792: 2658: 2524:military dictatorship 2455:between 1994 and 2014 2450: 2384: 2343: 2309: 2281:2022 general election 2257:military dictatorship 2136:Philosophy portal 2124:Liberalism portal 2070:Libertarian socialism 1744:Scientific management 1666:Progressive education 808:Social market economy 746:Left-wing nationalism 574:Frankfurt Declaration 352:Identification Number 111:10 February 1980 7763:Social Liberal Party 7628:Liberal Party (1985) 7623:Liberal Party (1831) 7491:Workers' Cause Party 6996:Marco Aurélio Garcia 6956:(Honorary President) 6802:O PT – Folha Explica 6786:Pluggina, Percival. 6758:Hohlfeldt, Antônio. 6753:O sonho era possível 6723:Couto, A. J. Paula. 6491:O Estado de S. Paulo 6301:on September 9, 2019 6039:– via YouTube. 5707:. September 22, 2016 5076:Marco Aurélio Garcia 4879:Workers' Cause Party 4861:Democratic Left (ED) 4806:Christian socialists 4757:Marco Aurélio Garcia 4385:indigenous territory 4333:capital of the state 2625:and 11 seats in the 2357:democratic socialism 2310:Lula, at the time a 2215:coalition government 2087:Classical radicalism 2053:Democratic socialism 1922:Roosevelt (Theodore) 1917:Roosevelt (Franklin) 1764:Techno-progressivism 1759:Technological change 1589:Economic development 1546:New Culture Movement 1521:Age of Enlightenment 1450:Socialism portal 1422:Economics portal 1318:Progressive Alliance 873:Democratic socialism 569:Age of Enlightenment 324:Progressive Alliance 306:Regional affiliation 296:National affiliation 244:Democratic socialism 7829:Progressive parties 7758:Social Labour Party 7613:Gaúcho United Front 7533:Alliance for Brazil 7471:Christian Democracy 7354:Parties represented 7220:Chamber of Deputies 7146:Socialist Democracy 6213:. Countrystudies.us 5847:on December 1, 2019 5503:Keck, Margareth E. 5090:Luís Carlos Prestes 4853:Socialist Democracy 4783:(since 3 June 2017) 4466:Liberal Front Party 4389:Raposa Serra do Sol 4353:São Francisco River 3768: – 3765: – 3717: – 3714: – 3597:Chamber of Deputies 2900:liberation theology 2881:liberation theology 2785:Socialism in Brazil 2631:President of Brazil 2623:Chamber of Deputies 2559:Beyond Citizen Kane 2508:economic liberalism 2437:Minister of Culture 2323:liberation theology 2255:and the subsequent 2223:Chamber of Deputies 2065:Left-libertarianism 1872:Kirchner (Cristina) 1717:Scientific progress 1700:Social organization 1636:Liberation theology 1616:Freedom of movement 1584:Cultural liberalism 1436:Politics portal 1178:Liebknecht (father) 835:Structural violence 726:Institutional abuse 641:Revolutions of 1848 417:Mercosur Parliament 403:Chamber of Deputies 259:Liberation theology 7693:Progressive League 7568:Conservative Party 7006:José Eduardo Dutra 6510:. October 1, 2003. 6493:. 7 November 2010. 6284:, 30 October 2006. 6116:The New York Times 5938:. 1 February 2010. 5299:. November 2, 2022 4961:Aloizio Mercadante 4769:José Eduardo Dutra 4663:Operation Car Wash 4565:World Social Forum 4292: 4219:Election Resources 3056:Aloizio Mercadante 2841: 2807: 2690:head of government 2668: 2457: 2394: 2372:Ministry of Labour 2319: 2265:Brazilian politics 2077:Left-wing populism 1912:Rodríguez Zapatero 1739:Self-determination 1727:Sustainable design 1606:Empirical evidence 1401:Types of socialism 1390:The Internationale 798:Social corporatism 651:Welfare capitalism 494:Politics of Brazil 98:Honorary President 7791: 7790: 7703:Progressive Party 7175: 7174: 7099: 7091: 7083: 7075: 7067: 7059: 7051: 7043: 7035: 6957: 6905: 6904: 6896:Succeeded by 6700:978-0-521-51455-2 6264:978-0-906156-99-5 5919:. 5 October 2010. 5682:978-91-980391-4-6 5578:978-1-108-48211-0 5184:"Juventude do PT" 5041:João Vaccari Neto 5021:Fernando Pimentel 4981:Benedita da Silva 4976:Arlindo Chinaglia 4956:Alexandre Padilha 4701: 4700: 4657:Lava Jato scandal 4637:Roberto Jefferson 4597:João Vaccari Neto 4552:, who formed the 4541:social-democratic 4514:statistically tie 4377:Progressive Party 4345:Rosângela Matheus 4341:Anthony Garotinho 4337:Benedita da Silva 4304:Greater São Paulo 4277:Rio Grande do Sul 4229: 4228: 4225: 3583: 3582: 3579: 2931:Electoral history 2835:Activists of the 2775:third coalition. 2694:history of Brazil 2526:. Along with the 2481:Rio Grande do Sul 2443:Electoral history 2359:trend. After the 2172: 2171: 2092:Social liberalism 1867:Kirchner (Néstor) 1749:Scientific method 1710:List of countries 1631:Industrialisation 1621:Human enhancement 1487: 1486: 888:Liberal socialism 878:Ethical socialism 646:Utopian socialism 584:Godesberg Program 579:French Revolution 529: 528: 499:Political parties 92:Washington Quaquá 16:(Redirected from 7841: 7723:Republican Party 7578:Democratic Party 7202: 7195: 7188: 7179: 7178: 7097: 7089: 7088:Fernando Haddad 7081: 7073: 7065: 7057: 7049: 7041: 7033: 7001:Ricardo Berzoini 6991:Ricardo Berzoini 6955: 6946:Party Presidents 6931: 6924: 6917: 6908: 6907: 6881:Preceded by 6878: 6877: 6871: 6856: 6737:Demier, Felipe. 6713: 6704: 6685: 6676: 6667: 6645: 6644: 6642: 6640: 6625: 6619: 6618: 6610: 6604: 6603: 6602:. 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August 5, 2012 6108: 6102: 6101: 6099: 6097: 6086: 6080: 6071: 6067: 6058: 6049:Samuels, David. 6047: 6041: 6040: 6038: 6036: 6020: 6014: 6013: 6011: 6009: 5994: 5988: 5987: 5985: 5983: 5966: 5960: 5958: 5945: 5939: 5926: 5920: 5918: 5900: 5894: 5881: 5875: 5863: 5857: 5856: 5854: 5852: 5833: 5827: 5814: 5808: 5807: 5778: 5769: 5756: 5717: 5716: 5714: 5712: 5701: 5695: 5694: 5668: 5659: 5658: 5630: 5621: 5620: 5592: 5583: 5582: 5556: 5547: 5546: 5538: 5532: 5531: 5523: 5517: 5485: 5479: 5478: 5476: 5474: 5452: 5446: 5445: 5425: 5419: 5418: 5416: 5396: 5390: 5389: 5387: 5385: 5373: 5367: 5366: 5362:Folha de S.Paulo 5353: 5347: 5346: 5318: 5312: 5311: 5306: 5304: 5289: 5283: 5282: 5280: 5278: 5268: 5262: 5261: 5219: 5210: 5209: 5208:(in Portuguese). 5198: 5192: 5191: 5180: 5174: 5173: 5171: 5169: 5155: 5149: 5148: 5141: 5036:João Paulo Cunha 4966:Ana Julia Carepa 4893: 4846:(O Trabalho, OT) 4845: 4763:Ricardo Berzoini 4751:Ricardo Berzoini 4747:(2005) (interim) 4696: 4693: 4687: 4675: 4674: 4667: 4619:Mensalão scandal 4613:Mensalão scandal 4269:Federal District 4244: 4237: 4212: 4203: 4202: 4195: 4182: 4181: 4174: 4151: 4150: 4143: 4130: 4129: 4122: 4094: 4093: 4086: 4073: 4072: 4065: 4042: 4041: 4034: 4021: 4020: 4013: 3990: 3989: 3982: 3969: 3968: 3961: 3938: 3937: 3930: 3917: 3916: 3909: 3886: 3885: 3878: 3865: 3864: 3857: 3834: 3833: 3826: 3813: 3812: 3805: 3782: 3781: 3774: 3761: 3760: 3753: 3731: 3730: 3723: 3710: 3709: 3702: 3680: 3679: 3672: 3659: 3658: 3651: 3590: 3589: 3574: 3569: 3566: 3565: 3487: 3484: 3483: 3429: 3426: 3425: 3363: 3360: 3359: 3277: 3274: 3273: 3225: 3222: 3221: 3165: 3162: 3161: 3105: 3102: 3101: 3045: 3042: 3041: 3004:José Paulo Bisol 2940: 2939: 2485:Federal District 2351: 2203:social democracy 2164: 2157: 2150: 2134: 2133: 2132: 2122: 2121: 2097:In United States 2058:Social democracy 1774:Women's suffrage 1671:In Latin America 1626:Idea of Progress 1611:Direct democracy 1489: 1488: 1479: 1472: 1465: 1448: 1447: 1434: 1433: 1420: 1419: 1183:Liebknecht (son) 943:Batlle y Ordóñez 830:Structural abuse 731:Internationalism 706:Environmentalism 554: 544:Social democracy 531: 530: 523: 513: 485: 482: 480: 467: 452: 445:City Councillors 438: 431:State Assemblies 424: 410: 396: 382: 368: 341: 335: 219:Social democracy 204: 203: 197: 136: 134: 121: 119: 114: 65: 46: 45: 21: 7849: 7848: 7844: 7843: 7842: 7840: 7839: 7838: 7794: 7793: 7792: 7787: 7633:Liberator Party 7526:Defunct parties 7521: 7495: 7439: 7360: 7355: 7349: 7222: 7217: 7211: 7206: 7176: 7171: 7150: 7129: 7103: 7080:Dilma Rousseff 7072:Dilma Rousseff 7020: 7016:Gleisi Hoffmann 6941: 6935: 6901: 6892: 6886: 6870:(in Portuguese) 6869: 6865:Wayback Machine 6855:(in Portuguese) 6854: 6851: 6826:Dainis Karepovs 6818: 6807:Singer, André. 6800:Singer, André. 6725:O PT em pílulas 6720: 6701: 6658: 6653: 6651:Further reading 6648: 6638: 6636: 6627: 6626: 6622: 6617:. The Atlantic. 6611: 6607: 6598: 6597: 6593: 6583: 6581: 6572: 6571: 6567: 6557: 6555: 6546: 6545: 6541: 6531: 6529: 6519: 6515: 6502: 6501: 6497: 6485: 6472: 6465: 6451:Hite, Katherine 6447: 6443: 6432: 6428: 6417: 6410: 6403: 6399: 6389: 6387: 6385: 6369: 6365: 6355: 6353: 6351: 6335: 6331: 6323: 6319: 6318: 6314: 6304: 6302: 6295:"Eleições 2014" 6293: 6292: 6288: 6276: 6272: 6265: 6251: 6247: 6237: 6235: 6231: 6230: 6226: 6216: 6214: 6209: 6208: 6204: 6199: 6195: 6185:Wayback Machine 6174:(in Portuguese) 6173: 6172: 6168: 6162:Wayback Machine 6152:(in Portuguese) 6151: 6150: 6146: 6137:(in Portuguese) 6136: 6135: 6131: 6121: 6119: 6110: 6109: 6105: 6095: 6093: 6092:. April 2, 2014 6088: 6087: 6083: 6070:(in Portuguese) 6069: 6068: 6061: 6048: 6044: 6034: 6032: 6021: 6017: 6007: 6005: 5996: 5995: 5991: 5981: 5979: 5968: 5967: 5963: 5959:. 27 July 2017. 5956: 5946: 5942: 5927: 5923: 5916: 5910:Wayback Machine 5901: 5897: 5890:The Independent 5882: 5878: 5864: 5860: 5850: 5848: 5835: 5834: 5830: 5815: 5811: 5779: 5772: 5766:Wayback Machine 5757: 5720: 5710: 5708: 5703: 5702: 5698: 5683: 5669: 5662: 5631: 5624: 5593: 5586: 5579: 5557: 5550: 5539: 5535: 5524: 5520: 5510:Singer, André. 5486: 5482: 5472: 5470: 5453: 5449: 5442: 5426: 5422: 5397: 5393: 5383: 5381: 5374: 5370: 5355: 5354: 5350: 5339: 5331:. p. 212. 5319: 5315: 5302: 5300: 5291: 5290: 5286: 5276: 5274: 5270: 5269: 5265: 5236:(9): 999–1024. 5220: 5213: 5200: 5199: 5195: 5182: 5181: 5177: 5167: 5165: 5157: 5156: 5152: 5143: 5142: 5138: 5134: 5129: 5125:Wellington Dias 5086:Juliana Prestes 5016:Fernando Haddad 5011:Eduardo Suplicy 4971:Antônio Palocci 4939: 4887: 4874: 4872:Former factions 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6884:12 – DLP (PDT) 6882: 6876: 6875: 6867: 6850: 6849:External links 6847: 6846: 6845: 6817: 6814: 6813: 6812: 6805: 6798: 6791: 6784: 6777: 6770: 6765:Moura, Paulo. 6763: 6756: 6749: 6742: 6735: 6728: 6719: 6716: 6715: 6714: 6705: 6699: 6686: 6677: 6668: 6657: 6654: 6652: 6649: 6647: 6646: 6620: 6605: 6591: 6565: 6539: 6513: 6495: 6470: 6463: 6441: 6426: 6408: 6397: 6383: 6363: 6349: 6329: 6312: 6286: 6270: 6263: 6245: 6224: 6202: 6193: 6166: 6144: 6129: 6103: 6081: 6073:Agência Brasil 6059: 6042: 6015: 5989: 5961: 5940: 5921: 5895: 5876: 5858: 5828: 5809: 5770: 5718: 5696: 5681: 5660: 5622: 5603:(3): 229–230. 5584: 5577: 5548: 5533: 5518: 5516: 5515: 5508: 5501: 5494: 5480: 5447: 5440: 5420: 5391: 5368: 5348: 5337: 5313: 5284: 5263: 5211: 5206:sig.tse.jus.br 5193: 5175: 5150: 5135: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5112: 5110:Rodrigo Maroni 5107: 5102: 5097: 5092: 5083: 5081:Marilena Chaui 5078: 5073: 5068: 5066:Luizianne Lins 5063: 5058: 5053: 5048: 5043: 5038: 5033: 5028: 5023: 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2106: 2101: 2100: 2099: 2094: 2089: 2079: 2074: 2073: 2072: 2062: 2061: 2060: 2055: 2044: 2041: 2040: 2037: 2036: 2033: 2032: 2027: 2022: 2017: 2012: 2007: 2002: 1997: 1991: 1988: 1987: 1984: 1983: 1980: 1979: 1974: 1969: 1964: 1959: 1954: 1949: 1944: 1939: 1934: 1929: 1924: 1919: 1914: 1909: 1904: 1899: 1894: 1889: 1884: 1879: 1874: 1869: 1864: 1859: 1854: 1849: 1844: 1839: 1834: 1829: 1824: 1819: 1814: 1809: 1804: 1799: 1797:Abbott (Grace) 1794: 1792:Abbott (Edith) 1788: 1785: 1784: 1781: 1780: 1777: 1776: 1771: 1766: 1761: 1756: 1751: 1746: 1741: 1736: 1735: 1734: 1724: 1719: 1714: 1713: 1712: 1702: 1697: 1696: 1695: 1688:Social justice 1685: 1680: 1675: 1674: 1673: 1663: 1658: 1653: 1648: 1643: 1641:Linear history 1638: 1633: 1628: 1623: 1618: 1613: 1608: 1603: 1602: 1601: 1596: 1594:Broad measures 1586: 1581: 1576: 1570: 1567: 1566: 1563: 1562: 1559: 1558: 1553: 1548: 1543: 1538: 1533: 1528: 1526:Industrial Age 1523: 1518: 1512: 1509: 1508: 1505: 1504: 1498: 1497: 1485: 1484: 1482: 1481: 1474: 1467: 1459: 1456: 1455: 1454: 1453: 1439: 1425: 1408: 1407: 1404: 1403: 1398: 1393: 1386: 1380: 1377: 1376: 1373: 1372: 1369: 1368: 1363: 1361:United Kingdom 1358: 1353: 1347: 1344: 1343: 1340: 1339: 1336: 1335: 1330: 1325: 1320: 1315: 1310: 1305: 1299: 1294: 1293: 1290: 1289: 1286: 1285: 1280: 1275: 1270: 1265: 1260: 1255: 1250: 1245: 1240: 1235: 1230: 1225: 1220: 1215: 1210: 1205: 1200: 1195: 1190: 1185: 1180: 1175: 1170: 1165: 1160: 1155: 1150: 1145: 1140: 1135: 1130: 1125: 1120: 1115: 1110: 1105: 1100: 1095: 1090: 1085: 1080: 1075: 1070: 1065: 1060: 1055: 1050: 1045: 1040: 1035: 1030: 1025: 1020: 1015: 1010: 1005: 1000: 995: 990: 985: 980: 975: 970: 965: 960: 955: 950: 945: 940: 935: 930: 925: 920: 914: 909: 908: 905: 904: 901: 900: 895: 890: 885: 880: 875: 869: 866: 865: 862: 861: 858: 857: 852: 847: 842: 837: 832: 827: 826: 825: 820: 810: 805: 803:Social justice 800: 795: 790: 785: 784: 783: 778: 768: 763: 758: 753: 748: 743: 738: 733: 728: 723: 718: 713: 708: 703: 698: 697: 696: 694:Representative 691: 686: 676: 671: 665: 662: 661: 658: 657: 654: 653: 648: 643: 638: 633: 628: 623: 622: 621: 616: 606: 604:Labor movement 601: 596: 591: 586: 581: 576: 571: 565: 560: 559: 556: 555: 547: 546: 540: 539: 527: 526: 507: 506: 501: 496: 490: 487: 486: 474: 473: 469: 468: 460: 459: 455: 454: 451:2,665 / 56,810 449: 447: 441: 440: 435: 433: 427: 426: 421: 419: 413: 412: 407: 405: 399: 398: 393: 391: 389:Federal Senate 385: 384: 379: 377: 371: 370: 365: 363: 357: 356: 353: 346: 345: 331: 327: 326: 321: 317: 316: 307: 303: 302: 300:Brazil of Hope 297: 293: 292: 290: 289: 284: 279: 273: 271: 265: 264: 262: 261: 256: 251: 246: 241: 236: 231: 226: 221: 215: 213: 207: 206: 198: 191: 190: 187: 181: 180: 177: 171: 170: 165: 161: 160: 158: 157: 151: 144: 142: 138: 137: 127: 123: 122: 109: 105: 104: 99: 95: 94: 89: 88:Vice President 85: 84: 79: 75: 74: 71: 67: 66: 58: 57: 51:Workers' Party 50: 49: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7846: 7835: 7832: 7830: 7827: 7825: 7822: 7820: 7817: 7815: 7812: 7810: 7807: 7805: 7802: 7801: 7799: 7784: 7781: 7779: 7776: 7774: 7771: 7769: 7766: 7764: 7761: 7759: 7756: 7754: 7751: 7749: 7746: 7744: 7741: 7739: 7736: 7734: 7731: 7729: 7726: 7724: 7721: 7719: 7716: 7714: 7711: 7709: 7706: 7704: 7701: 7699: 7696: 7694: 7691: 7689: 7686: 7684: 7681: 7679: 7676: 7674: 7671: 7669: 7666: 7664: 7661: 7659: 7656: 7654: 7651: 7649: 7646: 7644: 7641: 7639: 7636: 7634: 7631: 7629: 7626: 7624: 7621: 7619: 7616: 7614: 7611: 7609: 7606: 7604: 7601: 7599: 7596: 7594: 7591: 7589: 7586: 7584: 7581: 7579: 7576: 7574: 7571: 7569: 7566: 7564: 7561: 7559: 7556: 7554: 7551: 7549: 7546: 7544: 7541: 7539: 7536: 7534: 7531: 7530: 7528: 7524: 7518: 7515: 7513: 7510: 7508: 7505: 7504: 7502: 7498: 7492: 7489: 7487: 7484: 7482: 7481:Popular Unity 7479: 7477: 7474: 7472: 7469: 7467: 7464: 7462: 7459: 7457: 7454: 7452: 7449: 7448: 7446: 7442: 7435: 7432: 7429: 7426: 7423: 7420: 7417: 7414: 7411: 7408: 7405: 7402: 7399: 7396: 7393: 7390: 7387: 7384: 7381: 7378: 7375: 7374:Liberal Party 7372: 7369: 7366: 7365: 7363: 7359: 7352: 7345: 7342: 7339: 7336: 7333: 7330: 7327: 7324: 7321: 7318: 7315: 7312: 7309: 7306: 7303: 7300: 7297: 7294: 7291: 7288: 7285: 7282: 7279: 7276: 7273: 7270: 7267: 7264: 7261: 7258: 7255: 7252: 7249: 7246: 7243: 7240: 7237: 7234: 7231: 7230:Liberal Party 7228: 7227: 7225: 7221: 7214: 7210: 7203: 7198: 7196: 7191: 7189: 7184: 7183: 7180: 7168: 7165: 7163: 7160: 7159: 7157: 7153: 7147: 7144: 7142: 7139: 7138: 7136: 7132: 7126: 7123: 7121: 7118: 7116: 7113: 7112: 7110: 7106: 7100: 7094: 7092: 7086: 7084: 7078: 7076: 7070: 7068: 7062: 7060: 7054: 7052: 7046: 7044: 7038: 7036: 7030: 7029: 7027: 7023: 7017: 7014: 7012: 7009: 7007: 7004: 7002: 6999: 6997: 6994: 6992: 6989: 6987: 6984: 6982: 6979: 6977: 6974: 6972: 6969: 6967: 6966:Luiz Gushiken 6964: 6962: 6959: 6954: 6953:Lula da Silva 6951: 6950: 6948: 6944: 6939: 6932: 6927: 6925: 6920: 6918: 6913: 6912: 6909: 6900: 6893:13 – WP (PT) 6891: 6885: 6879: 6874: 6868: 6866: 6862: 6859: 6853: 6852: 6843: 6839: 6838:Rodrigo Cesar 6835: 6831: 6827: 6823: 6820: 6819: 6810: 6806: 6803: 6799: 6796: 6792: 6789: 6785: 6782: 6778: 6775: 6771: 6768: 6764: 6761: 6757: 6754: 6750: 6747: 6743: 6740: 6736: 6733: 6729: 6726: 6722: 6721: 6718:In Portuguese 6711: 6706: 6702: 6696: 6692: 6687: 6683: 6678: 6674: 6669: 6665: 6660: 6659: 6635:. May 5, 2015 6634: 6630: 6624: 6616: 6609: 6601: 6595: 6579: 6575: 6569: 6553: 6549: 6543: 6528: 6524: 6517: 6509: 6508:The Economist 6505: 6499: 6492: 6488: 6483: 6481: 6479: 6477: 6475: 6466: 6464:0-19-878183-0 6460: 6456: 6452: 6445: 6437: 6430: 6422: 6415: 6413: 6405: 6401: 6386: 6384:9781139492669 6380: 6376: 6375: 6367: 6352: 6350:9780803913158 6346: 6342: 6341: 6333: 6322: 6316: 6300: 6296: 6290: 6283: 6279: 6274: 6266: 6260: 6256: 6249: 6234: 6228: 6212: 6206: 6197: 6190: 6186: 6182: 6179: 6170: 6163: 6159: 6156: 6148: 6141: 6133: 6117: 6113: 6107: 6091: 6085: 6078: 6074: 6066: 6064: 6056: 6052: 6046: 6030: 6026: 6019: 6003: 5999: 5993: 5977: 5976: 5971: 5965: 5955: 5954: 5949: 5944: 5937: 5936: 5935:Business Week 5931: 5925: 5915: 5911: 5907: 5904: 5899: 5892: 5891: 5886: 5880: 5873: 5872: 5871:The Economist 5867: 5862: 5846: 5842: 5838: 5832: 5825: 5824: 5819: 5813: 5805: 5801: 5797: 5793: 5789: 5785: 5777: 5775: 5767: 5763: 5760: 5755: 5753: 5751: 5749: 5747: 5745: 5743: 5741: 5739: 5737: 5735: 5733: 5731: 5729: 5727: 5725: 5723: 5706: 5700: 5692: 5688: 5684: 5678: 5674: 5667: 5665: 5656: 5652: 5648: 5644: 5640: 5636: 5629: 5627: 5618: 5614: 5610: 5606: 5602: 5598: 5591: 5589: 5580: 5574: 5570: 5566: 5562: 5555: 5553: 5544: 5537: 5529: 5522: 5513: 5509: 5506: 5502: 5499: 5495: 5492: 5488: 5487: 5484: 5468: 5467: 5462: 5458: 5451: 5443: 5441:9780275968861 5437: 5433: 5432: 5424: 5415: 5410: 5406: 5402: 5395: 5379: 5372: 5364: 5363: 5358: 5352: 5345: 5340: 5338:9783319532554 5334: 5330: 5326: 5325: 5317: 5310: 5298: 5294: 5288: 5273: 5267: 5259: 5255: 5251: 5247: 5243: 5239: 5235: 5231: 5230: 5225: 5218: 5216: 5207: 5203: 5197: 5189: 5185: 5179: 5164: 5160: 5154: 5146: 5140: 5136: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5116: 5113: 5111: 5108: 5106: 5103: 5101: 5100:Paulo Delgado 5098: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5087: 5084: 5082: 5079: 5077: 5074: 5072: 5069: 5067: 5064: 5062: 5059: 5057: 5056:Luiz Gushiken 5054: 5052: 5049: 5047: 5044: 5042: 5039: 5037: 5034: 5032: 5031:Jaques Wagner 5029: 5027: 5026:Guido Mantega 5024: 5022: 5019: 5017: 5014: 5012: 5009: 5007: 5004: 5002: 4999: 4997: 4996:Chico Buarque 4994: 4992: 4989: 4987: 4986:Binho Marques 4984: 4982: 4979: 4977: 4974: 4972: 4969: 4967: 4964: 4962: 4959: 4957: 4954: 4952: 4951:Henos Amorina 4949: 4948: 4946: 4944: 4931: 4928: 4924: 4921: 4918: 4914: 4911: 4907: 4904: 4900: 4897: 4891: 4886: 4883: 4880: 4876: 4875: 4866: 4863: 4860: 4857: 4854: 4851: 4848: 4843: 4838: 4835: 4834: 4825: 4822: 4819: 4818: 4817: 4809: 4807: 4803: 4799: 4795: 4782: 4779: 4776: 4773: 4770: 4767: 4764: 4761: 4758: 4755: 4752: 4749: 4746: 4743: 4740: 4737: 4734: 4731: 4728: 4725: 4722: 4719: 4718: 4717: 4709: 4707: 4695: 4683: 4678: 4669: 4668: 4664: 4654: 4652: 4648: 4644: 4643: 4638: 4634: 4630: 4626: 4620: 4610: 4601: 4598: 4594: 4584: 4582: 4578: 4574: 4570: 4566: 4561: 4559: 4555: 4551: 4547: 4542: 4531: 4524:Controversies 4521: 4519: 4515: 4511: 4505: 4501: 4499: 4495: 4491: 4487: 4483: 4479: 4475: 4471: 4467: 4463: 4459: 4455: 4451: 4447: 4443: 4439: 4435: 4431: 4427: 4423: 4419: 4413: 4410: 4406: 4402: 4398: 4394: 4390: 4386: 4382: 4378: 4373: 4368: 4366: 4362: 4358: 4354: 4350: 4346: 4342: 4338: 4334: 4329: 4325: 4321: 4317: 4313: 4309: 4305: 4301: 4297: 4289: 4284: 4280: 4278: 4274: 4270: 4266: 4262: 4258: 4242: 4236: 4232: 4224: 4220: 4216: 4210: 4206: 4198: 4191: 4188: 4185: 4177: 4170: 4167: 4164: 4162: 4159: 4158: 4154: 4146: 4139: 4136: 4133: 4125: 4118: 4115: 4112: 4110: 4107: 4106: 4102: 4101: 4097: 4053: 4049: 4045: 4037: 4030: 4027: 4024: 4016: 4009: 4006: 4003: 4001: 3998: 3997: 3993: 3985: 3978: 3975: 3972: 3964: 3957: 3954: 3951: 3949: 3946: 3945: 3941: 3933: 3926: 3923: 3920: 3912: 3905: 3902: 3899: 3897: 3894: 3893: 3889: 3881: 3874: 3871: 3868: 3860: 3853: 3850: 3847: 3845: 3842: 3841: 3837: 3829: 3822: 3819: 3816: 3808: 3801: 3798: 3795: 3793: 3790: 3789: 3785: 3777: 3770: 3767: 3764: 3756: 3749: 3746: 3743: 3741: 3738: 3737: 3733: 3726: 3719: 3716: 3713: 3705: 3698: 3695: 3692: 3690: 3687: 3686: 3682: 3675: 3668: 3665: 3662: 3654: 3647: 3644: 3641: 3639: 3636: 3635: 3631: 3628: 3625: 3622: 3619: 3616: 3613: 3610: 3609: 3603: 3598: 3591: 3578: 3572: 3561: 3558: 3555: 3552: 3549: 3546: 3544: 3540: 3536: 3535:Solidariedade 3532: 3528: 3524: 3520: 3516: 3512: 3509: 3505: 3502: 3499: 3496: 3494: 3491: 3490: 3479: 3476: 3473: 3470: 3467: 3464: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3451: 3447: 3444: 3441: 3438: 3436: 3433: 3432: 3421: 3418: 3415: 3412: 3409: 3406: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3392: 3388: 3384: 3380: 3376: 3372: 3370: 3367: 3366: 3355: 3352: 3349: 3346: 3343: 3340: 3338: 3334: 3330: 3326: 3322: 3318: 3314: 3310: 3306: 3302: 3299: 3295: 3289: 3284: 3281: 3280: 3269: 3266: 3263: 3260: 3257: 3254: 3252: 3248: 3244: 3241: 3237: 3234: 3232: 3229: 3228: 3217: 3214: 3211: 3208: 3205: 3202: 3200: 3196: 3192: 3188: 3184: 3181: 3177: 3174: 3172: 3169: 3168: 3157: 3154: 3151: 3148: 3145: 3142: 3140: 3136: 3132: 3128: 3124: 3121: 3117: 3114: 3112: 3109: 3108: 3097: 3094: 3091: 3088: 3085: 3082: 3080: 3076: 3072: 3068: 3064: 3060: 3057: 3054: 3052: 3049: 3048: 3037: 3034: 3031: 3028: 3025: 3022: 3020: 3016: 3012: 3009: 3005: 3002: 2999: 2994: 2991: 2990: 2987: 2984: 2982: 2979: 2977: 2974: 2972: 2969: 2968: 2965: 2960:Second round 2951: 2941: 2928: 2925: 2924:Leonardo Boff 2921: 2917: 2913: 2912:Mauro Morelli 2909: 2905: 2901: 2896: 2892: 2890: 2886: 2882: 2876: 2874: 2869: 2865: 2860: 2856: 2852: 2850: 2846: 2838: 2833: 2829: 2827: 2822: 2820: 2816: 2815:external debt 2812: 2804: 2800: 2796: 2791: 2786: 2776: 2767: 2765: 2758: 2753: 2752: 2748: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2734: 2730: 2726: 2722: 2718: 2713: 2711: 2707: 2703: 2702:head of state 2699: 2695: 2691: 2686: 2681: 2679: 2674: 2666: 2665:Carlos Latuff 2662: 2657: 2652: 2647: 2646: 2642: 2640: 2634: 2632: 2628: 2624: 2618: 2613: 2612: 2608: 2604: 2599: 2598: 2594: 2591: 2587: 2583: 2577: 2573: 2568: 2567: 2563: 2561: 2560: 2555: 2551: 2545: 2540: 2539: 2535: 2533: 2529: 2525: 2521: 2517: 2513: 2509: 2505: 2501: 2497: 2492: 2490: 2486: 2482: 2478: 2474: 2470: 2466: 2462: 2454: 2449: 2440: 2438: 2434: 2430: 2426: 2422: 2417: 2415: 2411: 2407: 2403: 2399: 2392: 2388: 2383: 2379: 2377: 2373: 2369: 2365: 2364: 2358: 2346: 2342: 2340: 2336: 2332: 2328: 2324: 2317: 2313: 2308: 2299: 2297: 2293: 2289: 2284: 2282: 2277: 2272: 2270: 2266: 2262: 2259:, PT and the 2258: 2254: 2253: 2246: 2244: 2240: 2236: 2232: 2228: 2224: 2220: 2216: 2212: 2208: 2204: 2200: 2196: 2193: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2177: 2165: 2160: 2158: 2153: 2151: 2146: 2145: 2143: 2142: 2137: 2127: 2125: 2120: 2115: 2114: 2113: 2112: 2105: 2102: 2098: 2095: 2093: 2090: 2088: 2085: 2084: 2083: 2080: 2078: 2075: 2071: 2068: 2067: 2066: 2063: 2059: 2056: 2054: 2051: 2050: 2049: 2046: 2045: 2039: 2038: 2031: 2030:United States 2028: 2026: 2023: 2021: 2018: 2016: 2013: 2011: 2008: 2006: 2003: 2001: 1998: 1996: 1993: 1992: 1986: 1985: 1978: 1975: 1973: 1970: 1968: 1965: 1963: 1960: 1958: 1955: 1953: 1950: 1948: 1945: 1943: 1940: 1938: 1935: 1933: 1930: 1928: 1925: 1923: 1920: 1918: 1915: 1913: 1910: 1908: 1905: 1903: 1902:Ocasio-Cortez 1900: 1898: 1895: 1893: 1890: 1888: 1885: 1883: 1880: 1878: 1875: 1873: 1870: 1868: 1865: 1863: 1860: 1858: 1855: 1853: 1850: 1848: 1845: 1843: 1840: 1838: 1835: 1833: 1830: 1828: 1825: 1823: 1820: 1818: 1815: 1813: 1810: 1808: 1805: 1803: 1800: 1798: 1795: 1793: 1790: 1789: 1783: 1782: 1775: 1772: 1770: 1767: 1765: 1762: 1760: 1757: 1755: 1752: 1750: 1747: 1745: 1742: 1740: 1737: 1733: 1730: 1729: 1728: 1725: 1723: 1722:Social change 1720: 1718: 1715: 1711: 1708: 1707: 1706: 1703: 1701: 1698: 1694: 1691: 1690: 1689: 1686: 1684: 1681: 1679: 1676: 1672: 1669: 1668: 1667: 1664: 1662: 1659: 1657: 1654: 1652: 1649: 1647: 1644: 1642: 1639: 1637: 1634: 1632: 1629: 1627: 1624: 1622: 1619: 1617: 1614: 1612: 1609: 1607: 1604: 1600: 1597: 1595: 1592: 1591: 1590: 1587: 1585: 1582: 1580: 1577: 1575: 1572: 1571: 1565: 1564: 1557: 1554: 1552: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1542: 1539: 1537: 1534: 1532: 1529: 1527: 1524: 1522: 1519: 1517: 1514: 1513: 1507: 1506: 1503: 1502:Progressivism 1500: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1490: 1480: 1475: 1473: 1468: 1466: 1461: 1460: 1458: 1457: 1452: 1451: 1446: 1440: 1438: 1437: 1432: 1426: 1424: 1423: 1418: 1412: 1411: 1410: 1409: 1402: 1399: 1397: 1394: 1391: 1387: 1385: 1382: 1381: 1375: 1374: 1367: 1366:United States 1364: 1362: 1359: 1357: 1354: 1352: 1349: 1348: 1342: 1341: 1334: 1331: 1329: 1326: 1324: 1321: 1319: 1316: 1314: 1311: 1309: 1306: 1304: 1301: 1300: 1297: 1296:Organizations 1292: 1291: 1284: 1281: 1279: 1276: 1274: 1271: 1269: 1266: 1264: 1261: 1259: 1256: 1254: 1251: 1249: 1246: 1244: 1241: 1239: 1236: 1234: 1231: 1229: 1226: 1224: 1221: 1219: 1216: 1214: 1211: 1209: 1206: 1204: 1201: 1199: 1196: 1194: 1191: 1189: 1186: 1184: 1181: 1179: 1176: 1174: 1171: 1169: 1166: 1164: 1161: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1139: 1136: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1126: 1124: 1121: 1119: 1116: 1114: 1111: 1109: 1106: 1104: 1101: 1099: 1096: 1094: 1091: 1089: 1086: 1084: 1081: 1079: 1076: 1074: 1071: 1069: 1066: 1064: 1061: 1059: 1056: 1054: 1051: 1049: 1046: 1044: 1041: 1039: 1036: 1034: 1031: 1029: 1026: 1024: 1021: 1019: 1016: 1014: 1011: 1009: 1006: 1004: 1001: 999: 996: 994: 991: 989: 986: 984: 981: 979: 976: 974: 971: 969: 966: 964: 961: 959: 956: 954: 951: 949: 946: 944: 941: 939: 936: 934: 931: 929: 926: 924: 921: 919: 916: 915: 912: 907: 906: 899: 896: 894: 891: 889: 886: 884: 881: 879: 876: 874: 871: 870: 864: 863: 856: 855:Welfare state 853: 851: 848: 846: 843: 841: 838: 836: 833: 831: 828: 824: 821: 819: 816: 815: 814: 811: 809: 806: 804: 801: 799: 796: 794: 791: 789: 786: 782: 779: 777: 774: 773: 772: 769: 767: 766:Progressivism 764: 762: 759: 757: 754: 752: 751:Mixed economy 749: 747: 744: 742: 739: 737: 734: 732: 729: 727: 724: 722: 719: 717: 714: 712: 709: 707: 704: 702: 699: 695: 692: 690: 687: 685: 682: 681: 680: 677: 675: 672: 670: 667: 666: 660: 659: 652: 649: 647: 644: 642: 639: 637: 634: 632: 629: 627: 624: 620: 617: 615: 612: 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