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266:. This may be done in a podding facility as part of an aircraft assembly process. The nacelle contains the engine, engine mounts and parts which are required to run the engine in the aircraft, known as the EBU (Engine Build Up). The nacelle consists of an inlet, an exhaust nozzle and a cowling which opens for access to the engine accessories and external tubing. The exhaust nozzle may include a
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the greater the wing bending relief, therefore engines mounted close to the fuselage (in the wing root) provide little relief. Almost all modern large jet airplanes use engines in pods located a significant distance from the wing root for substantial wing bending relief. The pods are in front of the
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How well the engine performs depends on the nacelle design. The shape of the lip on the inlet, the minimum internal area and the internal profile, are established with different engine airflows at cruise to keep pressure losses acceptable, and different incident airflow angles such as in cross-winds
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A nacelle is a streamlined covering for a jet engine which incorporates the air inlet and exhaust outlet for the engine. The inlet is connected to a mounting flange on the front of the engine fan case. The exhaust nozzle, which may incorporate a thrust reverser, is connected to a mounting flange on
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due to asymmetric thrust than would wing-mounted engines. To face the local flow of air, most engines on the rear of a fuselage are installed slightly nose-high. The local airflow at the airplane's tail is typically descending with respect to the centerline of the aircraft's
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the rear of the engine exhaust case. A cowling, streamlined between the inlet and exhaust, completes the nacelle. It has opening doors which allow access for regular maintenance such as adding oil as well as unscheduled replacement of engine accessories and external tubing.
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The EBU components connect the engine systems with the aircraft systems. Engine build up includes installation of an engine starter, hydraulic pumps, electrical generators and firewire and components which connect the engine to the aircraft. They include the following
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and during take-off rotation to keep variations in pressure across the fan face acceptable. Pressure losses, and hence overall pressure ratio, affect engine performance or fuel consumption for each pound of thrust. Pressure variations affect engine
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hydraulic hoses, hydraulic fluid from the aircraft hydraulic system has to be supplied to engine-mounted pumps and then returned under high pressure to the aircraft. High pressure fluid is returned to the nacelle for actuating a thrust
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are generally not suited to podded engines below the wing because this would place the engines too close to the ground. This is also the case with aircraft designed to operate from unimproved grass or gravel
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Design and
Testing of a Common Engine and Nacelle for the Fokker 100 and Gulfstream G-IV Airplanes, AIAA-89-2486, AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE 25th Joint Propulsion Conference, p. 3/4
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The nacelle forms the outer flow path along the engine to ensure accessories operate within their temperature limits and fire extinguisher flows are effective.
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electrical harnesses for control, for example a thrust request from the flight deck needs an electrical path to the electronic control on the engine.
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are three examples. In general, the idea is to mount the engine where it will receive good air flow, be distant from the ground to avoid
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or likelihood of surging. Pressure losses in the exhaust nozzle also affect the engine performance by increasing the fuel consumption.
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air tubes, high pressure air from the engine is supplied to the aircraft environmental control system and for aircraft anti-icing.
270:. The podded engine is a complete powerplant, or propulsion system, and is usually attached below the wing on large aircraft like
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electric cables for power, electricity generated on the engine has to connect to the aircraft electrical system.
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Stealthy designs do not use podded engines. Instead the engines are contained within the fuselage to minimize
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Some jet fighters use podded engines, typically under and mounted directly to the wing. An example was the
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to give a lower minimum flight speed and decrease the length of runway needed for takeoff and landing.
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Another unusual scheme is to mount the engine in a pod above the fuselage. The
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fuel tube, fuel has to get from the aircraft tanks to the engine fuel pump.
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Junkers Ju287 showing front fuselage-mounted pod and underwing pod
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of the wing which, in turn, allows a much lighter wing structure.
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also place their engines above the wings, but in a high-lift, or
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but, following an engine failure, does offer much less
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in flight. The further the engines are away from the
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or to the rear fuselage on smaller aircraft such as
539:uses fuselage-mounted podded turbofan engines. The
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547:E jet engine in a pod mounted over the fuselage.
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333:Placing engines on the wing provides beneficial
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441:Unusual examples of engine placement are the
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262:that has been built up and integrated in its
374:An early example of fuselage mounting, the
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230:Learn how and when to remove this message
212:Learn how and when to remove this message
150:Learn how and when to remove this message
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260:jet engine
248:Boeing 707
202:April 2009
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298:reverser.
190:verifying
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563:bombers
545:BMW 003
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184:Please
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