Football pools - Knowledge

133:, Colin Askham and Bill Hughes heard about John Jervis Barnard, a Birmingham man who had devised a 'football pool', where punters would bet on the outcome of football matches. The payouts to winners came from the 'pool' of money that was bet, less 10 per cent to cover "management costs". It had not been particularly successful and Barnard was struggling to make a profit. Hughes obtained one of Barnard's pools coupons; the three friends decided they could do it better and, on 1 February 1923, launched the Littlewood Football Pool (as it was originally known). A small office in Liverpool was rented and the first 4,000 coupons were distributed outside Manchester United's Old Trafford ground before one Saturday match that winter. Moores handed the coupons out himself, helped by some young boys eager to earn a few pennies. 324:

neither team scored a goal) and one point to both home wins (matches where the home team scored more goals than the away team) and away wins (matches where the away team scored more goals than the home team). The most famous historical scoring scheme differentiated between home wins and away wins, awarding one-and-a-half points for games resulting in away wins. A scoring scheme used for only one year, split score draws into two categories, awarding three points only for matches ending 1–1 and two and a half points for higher-scoring score draws.

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out before a big game. This time, only one coupon was returned. Midway through the 1924–25 football season the scheme was still losing money. The three young men had already invested £200 each, with no imminent prospect of things improving. Hughes suggested they cut their losses and forget the whole thing and Askham agreed. They expected Moores to concur, but instead he offered to return the £200 they had each invested in return for their shares, and they accepted. By 1930, Moores had become a millionaire from the competition.

502:, as the order in which the eight matches were selected was irrelevant. The pools companies, many daily newspapers and the sporting press also issued "plans", which were subsets of full perms: these enabled the punter to cover more matches for the same stake, with the proviso that even if eight draws were in the selections, they might not all be in a single line of the plan (but well designed plans could give a guarantee, such as 'if the plan hits eight draws it must win at least a third dividend'). 328:

submitting the highest-scoring lines. Large football pools would award second and subsequent dividends, splitting smaller proportions of the prize pool among players who had submitted lines scoring nearly as many points; at its peak, the Littlewoods Treble Chance game would offer up to six dividends. During the northern hemisphere summer, when football leagues were not in operation in the United Kingdom, competitions were based on the results of football matches taking place in Australia.

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entry. Popular ways to do this were "full perm" entries, where 10 (or 11, or more) matches were selected and every possible combination of eight matches selected from the total was entered as a single line. As there are C(10,8) = 45 ways to select eight matches from 10, the cost of such an entry was 45 times the cost of entering a single line. Note that the term "perm" was used despite the relevant mathematical operation being

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result in submitting 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 32 × 81 = 2592 different entries. All entries submitting 13 correct predictions will be declared to have won the top prize; sometimes, prizes for fewer correct predictions are also awarded.

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share of it if more than one player has these predictions. In addition, there is a special £3,000,000 prize or share of it for correctly predicting the nine score draws (draws of 1-1 or higher) when these are the only score draws on the coupon. Players can win large cash prizes in a variety of other ways, under a points-based scoring system.

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the football pools collectors were agents of the entrants, not the pools company. Business for pools collectors was sustained by periodic canvassing, where company agents knocked on doors in an area of a town or housing estate. Many large factories had at least one employee, who as a sideline, collected coupons from fellow workers.

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coupons with just the home sides, then managed to obtain unofficial leaks of the fixtures and gave customers longer to get their coupons in. The "Pools War" ended on 9 March 1936 after two weekends where the fixture lists were not published early. A further attempt to ban the pools was proposed in Parliament at a similar time by

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game, which ran until 2018, operated under a similar premise to traditional pools, but was instead played in a Lotto-style format. The numbers of the seven matches ranked "highest" in a list of 38 (with void games replaced by reserves if necessary) became the six winning and one supplementary (bonus)

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Other games offered by football pools companies take the form of "8 homes", "4 draws", "5 aways" or the like, where lines consisting of a smaller number of matches are selected and a line is deemed to have won if all the selected matches result in home wins, away wins or draws (irrelevant of the size

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Entries were traditionally made by post, or via agents or collectors who received a percentage (usually 12.5%) of the money as a fee. Main collectors, who appointed the agents, delivered the forms and payments to a regional office, which were then dispatched to the companies' central offices. Legally

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of eight of them, whose results would be worth the most points by the scoring scheme; traditionally by crossing specific boxes on a printed coupon. A proportion of the players' combined entry fees was distributed as prizes among those whose entries achieved the highest scores. Prior to this the Penny

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Vernons' Pools was founded in 1925, also in Liverpool, and Zetters was founded 1933 in London. In 1934, the Football Pool Promoters' Association was formed: besides Littlewoods, Vernons and Zetters, its members were the other large pools companies including Cope's Pools (based in London), W.S. Murphy

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It was not an instant success, as just 35 coupons were returned. With bets totalling £4 7s 6d (£4.37½), the 10 per cent deducted did not cover the three men's expenses. The winning dividend paid out £2 12s 0d (£2.60). They decided to print 10,000 coupons, and took them to Hull, where they were handed

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in 1989) in 2007, and announced plans to rebrand the competition as The New Football Pools, launching online at footballpools.com during summer 2008. The competition became known as The Football Pools and provided classic football pools games alongside other pools variants, with coupons containing a

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was opposed to the betting and decided to withhold publication of their fixture lists in an attempt to thwart the pools companies' ability to print their coupons: games involving long journeys were announced on Thursday evening and others on Friday evening. The pools companies retaliated by printing

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The traditional and most popular game was the Treble Chance, now branded the Classic Pools game. Players pick 10, 11 or 12 football games from the offered fixtures to finish as a draw, in which each team scores at least one goal. The player with the most accurate predictions wins the top prize, or a

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led to a rapid fall-off in players, from a peak of 10 million in 1994 to 700,000 in 2007. Vernons closed its pools operation in February 1998, and ran a lucky-dip game called Easy Play with the National Lottery during the 1998–99 football season. It resumed its traditional business afterwards.

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With the arrival of the latest online pools games such as Premier 10 and Super 6, the overall pool size is less than the Classic Pools game, but the odds of winning a major prize are increased because fewer predictions are required to complete a coupon and, also, fewer individuals play each coupon.

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In its current form, the Classic Pools game has a top prize of £3 million, separate to the pool prize that is given to the highest point scorer(s). In order to secure this £3 million prize, or a share of it, the punter must successfully guess the nine score draws (draws of 1–1 or higher) when these

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With scores being read out on radio and television it was also common to relay the message "claims by telegram" for days when around eight score-draws occurred (and thus few players expected to achieve maximum points), through "claims by registered mail only" for days when rather more winners were

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Scoring schemes have varied over the years. The current Classic Pools game, based on the old Treble Chance game, uses a scoring scheme which awards three points to score draws (matches where both team scored the same, strictly positive, number of goals), two points to no-score draws (matches where

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made all forms of gambling a "debt of honour" which meant that any dispute about winnings was exempt from legal redress in a court of law. In 1995, a syndicate lost £2.3million when their collector stole their money and did not hand in their coupon. The group wanted to sue the Pools company but it

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to "the Competitor who predicts the results" of four football matches to be played the following Saturday. Readers were invited to cut out and fill in a coupon printed in the newspaper, which had to be sent to the newspaper's offices by the Friday before the matches. If more than one "couponnier"

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The largest prizes would be awarded when only one line was entered scoring the maximum number of points; typically this would occur when only eight or nine matches ended in score draws, so only one player would have the line scoring the maximum. The odds for selecting 8 draws from 55 matches (if

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The other pools games currently provided by The Football Pools are based on entrants predicting the outcome; of results, scores and events in a variety of matches; rather than the awarding of points. Therefore, with the exception of the Premier 10 game (which pays out a smaller dividend for 9/10

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As well as this scoring system, the current Classic Pools game has an available top prize of £3 million. In order to secure this £3 million prize, or a share of it, the punter must successfully guess the nine score draws (draws of 1–1 or higher) when these are the only score draws on the coupon.

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or 0). It is possible to enter two or three results for one or more matches, in which case the entry is treated as a number of separate entries for all possible combinations given; marking two possible results for each of five matches and all three possible results for each of four matches will

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Typically, a fraction of a penny would be charged for each line entered, though players often had the option to play each line at a higher stake and so receive a higher share of the pool should their line prove a winner. Accordingly, players would usually submit many different lines in a single

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A variety of football pools games are now played on the Internet. These include the classic pools game that traditionally includes a large number of fixtures, spanning the weekend. This is the same as the old Treble Chance which has been renamed and rebranded under new ownership. New pools game

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The total score of each line would be calculated, up to a maximum of 24 points. The highest scoring line achieved by any player in that particular week's competition would be declared to be worth the top dividend, with a large proportion of the prize pool awarded to the players responsible for

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were the largest pools companies. Littlewoods was the first company to provide pools, selling them outside Manchester United's Old Trafford ground in 1923. In 1986, a syndicate of players became the first winners of a prize over £1 million. The football pools companies have traditionally had a

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and its predecessors) because they claimed to be competitions of skill, rather than chance; however, their rules typically stated that all transactions were "binding in honour only". Typically, between one-quarter and half of the entry fees taken would be returned to the players as prizes.

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predicted all four exact scores correctly, the prize would be shared between them. There was no charge for entry beyond postage; in fact readers were allowed to submit several coupons together, presumably in order to encourage them to purchase several copies of the newspaper. By 1910,

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By 1947, pools revenue had increased to £70 million a year, with over 90% being spent with Littlewoods, Vernon's, Sherman's and Cope's. It accounted for almost 15 million postal packets each week through the post office. By the 1950s, 100,000 people were working in the industry.

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Until recently, pools results were published in most national newspapers a day or two after the Saturday on which the matches were played. Grids marking the points totals per game were sometimes published, against which a pools coupon could be aligned to read off the scores.

950:. It was necessary to match the results of thirteen games. The competition went nationwide in 1972. Between 1972 and 1980, there were 17 million weekly bets. In December 1987, the competition increased to cover 16 matches but returned back to 13 in 1989 and was renamed 828:. The business was a reliable source of cash for the pools companies. Each week the money staked was received by the pools company, they deducted their costs, paid the tax, then deducted their profit. What was left was then the prize money available to the winners. 805:

In predicting "Homes and Aways", players typically mark more than, for example, eight homes (they might mark 13) and thus their stake increases by the mathematics of combinations. Each line is called a "perm" ("permutation") even though it is actually a mathematical

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won $ 3,003,532 on the Brazilian football pools, Loteria Esportiva, the world's biggest gambling win at the time. In December 1993, the Italian pools saw their highest jackpot ever recorded with 34 billion lire (£14 million). Some notable UK football pools winners:

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Barnard continued to run his competition until 1938, when he sold to Cope's Pools of London. Other pools companies included Brittens (founded 1946 in Leicester), Empire (based in Blackpool) and Sherman's Pools of Cardiff, which was absorbed by Littlewoods in 1961.

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The panel meets in private session each Saturday from November to April. Its decisions are released once all ongoing matches have entered half time, but before any final results are known. By 2016, there were only three members: Banks, Green and Hunt.

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At the other extreme, payouts of less than a pound were quite common, as lower dividends when many entries won. Most players could expect to receive at least one low payout if they played for long enough. The odds of winning were around 80 to 1.

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Matches which were postponed would often have their results adjudicated, for the sake of the football pools results, by a board known as the Pools Panel which had been formed in January 1963 when many football matches were postponed due to the

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The Every Player Counts scheme – to grow disability football provision across 44 Football League clubs in England and Wales and increase the opportunities for people with varying disabilities to access sports through their local Football

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Typically, a list of 13 matches for the coming week will be given. Pools entrants select the result of each one, whether it will be a home win, an away win or neither of these, typically by marking each match with either a 1, a 2 or an

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prizes could be several hundred thousand pounds, sometimes more than a million. Prizes depended on the number of players and the cost per line, which varied between pools companies and increased over the years. One large winner,

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A Draft Submission to The Right Honourable Kenneth Clarke MP QC Her Majesty's Chancellor of the Exchequer with regard to the Taxing of such Lottery or Lotteries as may be Established Pursuant to The National Lottery Etc Act

1054:, set in 1957, the title character becomes obsessed with a Christian Dior dress owned by one of her clients and after a big win on the football pools she sets out to save up the money to go to Paris and buy her own dress. 962:

number respectively. Tie-breakers allowed all 38 games to be ranked in order, for instance preferencing higher-scoring draws (eg. 2-2 would rank higher than 1-1) with the final tie-breaker being match number itself.

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The Football Pools have donated over £1.1 billion to sporting-related causes. During the 2009/10 football season a further £6 million was donated to football initiatives including the following

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involved. While the principle of requiring entrants to predict the results of football matches in advance remains the same, the format is similar to the British Jackpot 12, Premier 10 and Soccer 6.

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under the brand 'The New Football Pools', now known as 'The Football Pools'. They offer other small stake, high prize games such as Premier 10 and Jackpot 12. In 2017 The Football Pools was sold to

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Companies organising football pools were heavily taxed; in 1991, the levy was reduced from 40% of turnover to 37½% of turnover. Additionally, from 1975 on, 2½% of the entry fees went to form the

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in the United Kingdom did. Some pools offered additional ways to win, based on scores of football matches at half-time, or football matches in which a particular number of goals were scored.

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refused to deliver the large number of coupons as they were not considered essential, so a Unity Pool organisation was created for the seven largest pools companies to produce joint coupons.

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With the arrival of internet-based pools games, the need for players to score their own coupons was removed. Automatic scoring and payout is now standard on all internet-based pools games.

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of the draw) respectively. The cost per line is generally higher; because these attract far fewer players, prizes are generally lower. Some football pools companies additionally organised

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In 1936, revenue from the 28 pools companies had reached almost £30 million per year, and the pools accounted for four million out of six million postal packets sent weekly in the UK. The

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In April 1929, Moores was prosecuted under the Ready Money Football Betting Act 1920. Following a court appearance, he was convicted. However, as his company never accepted cash, only

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made it clear it did not employ collectors, they were the punters' agents. The "debt of honour" exemption to taking legal action over unpaid winnings was eventually repealed in the

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However, many players were unaware that British law left them at the mercy of unscrupulous collectors who took their money but did not submit the coupons. This was because the

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not a permutation. It is also possible to reduce the number of perms by taking the most likely and marking them as "bankers" i.e. that they appear on every combination.

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correct as well as 10/10 correct), the other games can only be won if all predictions are correct – if they are not all correct then the prize money is rolled over.

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With professional football not being played in the United Kingdom during the summer, Zetters introduced Australian pools, based on games played in Australia.

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ruled that the Football League owned the copyright to their fixture lists and this led to a 10-year agreement between the pools companies and the English and

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The Treble Chance game was inaugurated in 1946. Players were given a list of football matches set to take place over the coming week and attempted to pick a

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football competition was inaugurated by the football pools companies of central Europe to provide matches for their toto coupons during the summer months.

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Entries were traditionally submitted through the post or via agents, who collected entries throughout a specific area. It is now possible to play online.

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which distributed money to football throughout the UK, in particular to help clubs redevelop their stadiums in line with the recommendations made by the

2191: 1671: 1623: 205:, as their operation is known, became the model for dozens of other club-run pools and lotteries designed to help boost payrolls or build new stands. 165:

was passed on 27 March 1934 which included restrictions of pool betting. The football pools did not fall under gambling legislation (specifically the

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In 1972, two people won approximately £1.5 million each on the state run Italian pools. In September 1975, Miron Vieira de Sousa, from the city of

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The Fit for Football, Fit for Life scheme – to help tackle serious health issues for young people across 30 Scottish Football League clubs

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Points and Penny Results were the most popular games. The Treble Chance offered a potential large jackpot at a time when no other form of

1743: 2122: 369:. They predicted 7 draws, 8 away victories and 23 home victories on 23 January 1963 and their predictions were broadcast on television. 2520: 2323: 844:

The Premier League Health scheme – to help tackle a range of men’s health issues including testicular cancer, depression and alcoholism

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During the 1972-73 season, the deal between the Football League and the pools companies was extended for 13 years worth £23 million.

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matches taking place in the coming week. The pools are typically cheap to enter, and may encourage gamblers to enter several bets.

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at the time suggested that the football pools should be prohibited; the pools companies asked their customers to write to their

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Leagues, whereby the pools companies would pay the leagues 0.5% of the stakes received (or a minimum of £245,000 per year).

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In 2000, Littlewoods Pools was sold for £161 million. The company became part of Littlewoods Gaming, a division of

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has picked seven draws and nervously attends a late-kickoff match with the eighth draw and top dividend on the line.

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variants include Jackpot 12, Premier 10 and Soccer 6; these are all games in which the player must correctly predict

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expected, to "no claims" when there were likely to be so many claimants that the mail would have been overwhelmed.

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that were cashed after the football results and the winning payout had been confirmed, his appeal was upheld.

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begins "Timothy Winters comes to school, With eyes as wide as a football pool". This was used prominently by

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to include predictions for other sporting events such as Formula 1 and cycling. The bets help finance the

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After the death of Banks in February 2019 and Hunt's retirement from the panel, they were replaced by

1702: 1011: 977: 868:. Sportech bought Zetters in 2002 and Vernons (which had previously been acquired by betting company 447: 2394:(in Portuguese). No. 29, 151. São Paulo: S.A. O Estado de S. Paulo. 22 April 1979. p. 52. 1051: 881: 255: 2452: 1829: 880:

The Littlewoods Football Pools Collection, which records the history of the pools, is held by the

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the highest-ever jackpot, won by betting on eight 2–2 draws across Spain, Scotland and England

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there are only 8 draws) for an all correct line is 1,217,566 to 1 against. These biggest

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Mark Clapson, A Bit of a Flutter: Popular Gambling and English Society, 1823–1961 (1992)

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segment in the late afternoon. Pools news was also given out on the BBC radio programme

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used to broadcast the winning match numbers and any Pools Panel verdicts as part of its

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In 1946, Italy introduced a state-run pool for citizens to bet on football, called the

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Sport, Politics and the Working Class: Organised Labour and Sport in Inter-war Britain

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smaller number of football matches. Sportech sold the business to private equity firm

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This article is about soccer pools. For pools as found with other football, see

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Competitions for predicting the results of football matches are older than the

2532: 2438: 2430: 2399: 2371: 2280: 2259: 2194:[The bet slip turns 70: when the "13" changed your life] (in Italian) 2046: 1084: 1068: 1025: 936: 825: 799: 599: 548: 512: 474: 443: 377: 349:, a particularly cold winter. Initially, it had five members: ex-footballers 194: 116: 1970: 1776: 1021: 408: 373: 358: 214: 184: 86:

in 1994. Littlewoods, Vernons and Zetters were brought together in 2007 by

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Outside the United Kingdom, similar betting games are frequently known as

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charitable element, donating over £1.1 billion to sports-related causes.

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for which it was awarded their Golden Star for sporting merit in 1997.

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14 players shared £3 million and one Zetters player scooped £1 million

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set up a pools competition in 1956 to help fund ground improvements at

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newspaper, in its edition of 10 September 1887, offered a prize of one

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four winners won £3 million split four ways, each receiving £750,000

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Birmingham Post, 19 March 2008 p25, "Football pools names disappear"

874: 865: 235: 91: 87: 37: 2234:"Totocalcio: prima schedina parte con gare Coppa Italia del 17/8" 1050:, a 1995 television series. In 2022 historical comedy drama film 795: 762: 733: 671: 658:

first time three people had won over half a million pounds each

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was offering a first prize of £300 for predicting six results.

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but the bill was defeated on 3 April 1936 by 287 votes to 24.

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Murray, Scott; Ingle, Sean; Dart, James (8 December 2010).

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Hubert Phillips, Pools and the Punter, Watts, London, 1955

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Sportech to sell historic Football Pools business for £83m

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The Celebrated Pedestrian and Other Historical Curiosities

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The pools business declined after the introduction of the

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Our Liverpool: Memories of Life in Disappearing Britain

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for the mathematics behind continental European pools

245: 2378: 2093:"Classic Pools | MatchXtra | Lucky Clover" 1129:"Classic Pools | MatchXtra | Lucky Clover" 970:The pools feature prominently in the British films 2345:"Anche la Gazzetta alla festa dello sport azzurro" 1081:, radio promoter of the "Famous Infra-Draw Method" 161:, which led to the proposals being withdrawn. The 2273: 2158: 1914:"Pools firms hit by tidal wave of online betting" 2530: 2252: 1880: 1529:The Sunday Times Illustrated History of Football 1420:The Sunday Times Illustrated History of Football 372:The members changed regularly and by 1969, when 1769: 1526: 1471: 1417: 2516:A Game of Two Halves? The Business of Football 2342: 1308:"Football Pools | News & Predictions" 2429:(in Portuguese). No. 1, 004. São Paulo: 2324:"Gli Oscar dello sport, è festa oggi al Coni" 2214:"Aperta al Totocalcio "la caccia al tredici"" 1940:"Have any ex-players sat on the pools panel?" 1579:"Student jailed for cheating pools syndicate" 1310:. Community.footballpools.com. Archived from 94:, a private equity company, for £83 million. 1012:final episode of the fifth television series 2386:"A Loteria Esportiva, nove anos de ilusões" 2296:"Formula 1 e ciclismo domenica in schedina" 1445: 1443: 1388:. Manchester University Press. p. 52. 1210: 2050:(in Italian). 6 December 1993. p. 39. 2020:. Guinness Superlatives Ltd. p. 279. 1496: 1494: 1350:. Guinness Superlatives Ltd. p. 253. 1302: 1300: 1298: 1296: 2418: 2416: 2222:(in Italian). 18 January 1951. p. 5. 1994:"Loteca deu a Miron terra, gado e dentes" 49:, often referred to as "the pools", is a 2136: 2134: 2075:"Viv Nicholson, pools winner - obituary" 2012: 1824: 1822: 1527:Nawrat, Chris; Hutchings, Steve (1995). 1440: 1418:Nawrat, Chris; Hutchings, Steve (1995). 527:are the only score draws on the coupon. 97: 36: 2042:"Toto, dopo due anni record montepremi" 1886: 1854: 1852: 1850: 1797: 1491: 1343: 1339: 1337: 1335: 1333: 1331: 1329: 1293: 1241: 1214:World Soccer The Dictionary of Football 900:machines which are used to process the 732:Syndicate from the Yew Tree Inn pub in 407:By 1994, the panel members were Ellis, 14: 2531: 2413: 2304:(in Italian). 21 June 1985. p. 25 2189: 2183: 1963: 1279:. Random House. 2013. pp. 84–85. 2131: 1858: 1819: 1413: 1411: 1409: 1407: 1405: 1381: 1206: 1204: 1202: 1200: 1198: 1196: 1194: 1010:(1974). In "The Football Pools," the 965: 887: 543:in Brazil, won a prize of 22 million 2274:Antonio Dipollina (17 August 2003). 1937: 1911: 1891:. SportsBooks Limited. p. 218. 1847: 1326: 1269: 1267: 1265: 1187:(155). Bolton: 8. 10 September 1887. 896:competitions; the name derives from 831: 1861:"Almanack: Pools panel draw a veil" 1179:"Our Football Prize Competitions". 666:Syndicate of hospital workers from 423:, and the panel was meeting at the 53:based on predicting the outcome of 24: 2496: 2276:"Totocalcio, un gioco impossibile" 2255:"Totocalcio, ecco il Tredicissimo" 2253:Gianluca Moresco (6 August 2003). 1991: 1772:"How was the pools panel created?" 1502:"FOOTBALL POOLS (RE-ORGANISATION)" 1402: 1211:Ballard, John; Suff, Paul (1999). 1191: 930:Italian National Olympic Committee 246:Agreement with the Football League 25: 2565: 2509: 2018:The Guinness Book of Records 1982 1347:The Guinness Book of Records 1987 1262: 2433:. 8 September 1989. p. 36. 2343:Gianni Bondini (14 April 1997). 2166:"Italian soccer scandal of 1980" 2095:. Football Pools. Archived from 2060:"The Littlewoods Organisation", 1964:Foster, Richard (17 June 2020). 1629:. 13 August 2011. Archived from 1487:– via Free Online Library. 1472:Dan O'Neill (19 November 2001). 1131:. Football Pools. Archived from 802:competitions at various points. 534: 396:, under the chairmanship of Sir 224: 2471: 2445: 2357: 2336: 2316: 2288: 2267: 2246: 2226: 2206: 2190:Pavesi, Patrizio (5 May 2016). 2143: 2111: 2085: 2067: 2054: 2034: 2006: 1985: 1957: 1938:Dart, James (11 January 2006). 1931: 1912:Culf, Andrew (27 August 2005). 1905: 1859:Baker, Andrew (27 March 1994). 1791: 1763: 1736: 1712: 1688: 1677:. 6 August 2011. Archived from 1664: 1653:. 1 August 2011. Archived from 1640: 1616: 1591: 1571: 1549: 1520: 1465: 1375: 1110:. 6 August 2011. Archived from 427:. Other former members include 376:joined, the other members were 2554:Gambling in the United Kingdom 1830:"The Birth of the Pools Panel" 1235: 1172: 1147: 1121: 1097: 1064:Gambling in the United Kingdom 998:(1983), and the Spanish films 989:Audace colpo dei soliti ignoti 784: 339: 163:Betting and Lotteries Act 1934 13: 1: 2370:(in Portuguese). No. 5. 1725:. August 2011. Archived from 1701:. August 2011. Archived from 1091: 742:the inaugural weekend of the 648:; Kevin Adams and 7 friends, 462:The BBC television programme 264: 2549:Association football culture 2374:. 17 April 1970. p. 30. 2332:(in Italian). 14 April 1997. 2242:(in Italian). 5 August 2003. 724:highest UK win at that time 652:; George Pinnock, Colchester 272: 208: 173: 7: 2152:The Telegraph 2 March 2017 1624:"The Premier 10 Pool Rules" 1057: 519:named after her assertion. 311:for 12, 10 and six (mainly 167:Betting and Gaming Act 1960 45:In the United Kingdom, the 10: 2570: 1889:Raich Carter The Biography 1798:Needham, Al (March 2003). 1648:"The Head2Head Pool Rules" 1382:Jones, Stephen G. (1992). 1181:Cricket and Football Field 946:was introduced in 1970 by 851: 488: 453: 425:London Hilton on Park Lane 318: 277: 113:Cricket and Football Field 102: 29: 2453:"Loteca - Página oficial" 2364:"O bolão está em campo". 2284:(in Italian). p. 40. 2263:(in Italian). p. 44. 1696:"The Soccer 4 Pool Rules" 777: 752: 707:first double-millionaire 147: 2121:Sean Gadd, 1 March 1997 1720:"The Super 6 Pool Rules" 1535:Books Ltd. p. 179. 1052:Mrs Harris Goes to Paris 882:National Football Museum 679:first million-pound win 636:first win over £750,000 619:first win over £500,000 400:. They met in London's 2423:"Voltam os 13 pontos". 2350:La Gazzetta dello Sport 2329:La Gazzetta dello Sport 2154:(subscription required) 1887:Garrick, Frank (2003). 1800:"Pools unto themselves" 1759:(subscription required) 1242:Dudgeon, Piers (2012). 948:Caixa Econômica Federal 180:English Football League 1603:www.legislation.gov.uk 1451:"BETTING (No. 1) BILL" 1344:Russell, Alan (1986). 815: 798:on lottery results or 42: 2125:11 March 2005 at the 1744:"The Pools Panellist" 1042:Christopher Eccleston 856:Competition from the 252:High Court of Justice 98:In the United Kingdom 40: 2391:O Estado de S. Paulo 1587:. 15 September 1995. 1314:on 27 September 2008 1007:Jenaro, el de los 14 986:, the Italian films 736:, Greater Manchester 315:) football matches. 159:Member of Parliament 55:association football 41:The Totocalcio Logo. 27:Type of betting pool 1805:When Saturday Comes 1599:"Gambling Act 2005" 1017:Hancock's Half Hour 545:Brazilian cruzeiros 367:Arthur Edward Ellis 2481:. 16 February 1995 1992:Stycer, Mauricio. 1834:The Football Pools 1756:on 5 January 2006. 1533:Reed International 1508:. 18 November 1947 1424:Reed International 995:Al bar dello sport 966:In popular culture 957:In Australia, the 902:parimutuel betting 888:In other countries 689:Kingston upon Hull 644:Patricia Samways, 347:Big Freeze of 1963 250:In July 1959, the 43: 2170:US Soccer Players 2064:, 14 May 1958 p14 1732:on 17 April 2012. 1708:on 18 April 2012. 1684:on 18 April 2012. 1660:on 18 April 2012. 1636:on 18 April 2012. 1135:on 22 August 2014 1117:on 18 April 2012. 1030:Spend Spend Spend 944:Loteria Esportiva 832:Charitable giving 782: 781: 761:Michael Elliott, 668:Roundway Hospital 589:Keith Nicholson, 293:Gambling Act 2005 256:Scottish Football 129:In October 1922, 16:(Redirected from 2561: 2521:Internet Archive 2491: 2490: 2488: 2486: 2475: 2469: 2468: 2466: 2464: 2449: 2443: 2442: 2420: 2411: 2410: 2408: 2406: 2382: 2376: 2375: 2361: 2355: 2354: 2340: 2334: 2333: 2320: 2314: 2313: 2311: 2309: 2292: 2286: 2285: 2271: 2265: 2264: 2250: 2244: 2243: 2230: 2224: 2223: 2210: 2204: 2203: 2201: 2199: 2187: 2181: 2180: 2178: 2176: 2162: 2156: 2155: 2147: 2141: 2138: 2129: 2115: 2109: 2108: 2106: 2104: 2089: 2083: 2082: 2071: 2065: 2058: 2052: 2051: 2038: 2032: 2031: 2014:McWhiter, Norris 2010: 2004: 2003: 2002:(in Portuguese). 1999:Folha de S.Paulo 1989: 1983: 1982: 1980: 1978: 1961: 1955: 1954: 1952: 1950: 1935: 1929: 1928: 1926: 1924: 1909: 1903: 1902: 1884: 1878: 1877: 1875: 1873: 1856: 1845: 1844: 1842: 1840: 1826: 1817: 1816: 1814: 1812: 1795: 1789: 1788: 1786: 1784: 1767: 1761: 1760: 1757: 1752:. Archived from 1740: 1734: 1733: 1731: 1724: 1716: 1710: 1709: 1707: 1700: 1692: 1686: 1685: 1683: 1676: 1668: 1662: 1661: 1659: 1652: 1644: 1638: 1637: 1635: 1628: 1620: 1614: 1613: 1611: 1609: 1595: 1589: 1588: 1575: 1569: 1568: 1566: 1564: 1559:. 14 August 2002 1553: 1547: 1546: 1524: 1518: 1517: 1515: 1513: 1498: 1489: 1488: 1486: 1484: 1478:South Wales Echo 1469: 1463: 1462: 1460: 1458: 1447: 1438: 1437: 1415: 1400: 1399: 1379: 1373: 1372: 1369:Internet Archive 1366: 1364: 1341: 1324: 1323: 1321: 1319: 1304: 1291: 1290: 1271: 1260: 1259: 1239: 1233: 1232: 1208: 1189: 1188: 1176: 1170: 1169: 1167: 1165: 1151: 1145: 1144: 1142: 1140: 1125: 1119: 1118: 1116: 1109: 1101: 1079:Horace Batchelor 1047:Hearts and Minds 1044:'s character in 982:(1956) starring 858:National Lottery 744:National Lottery 717:Isle of Portland 687:Barry Dinsdale, 575:Nellie McGrail, 555: 554: 478:until May 2007. 155:Royal Commission 84:National Lottery 21: 2569: 2568: 2564: 2563: 2562: 2560: 2559: 2558: 2529: 2528: 2512: 2499: 2497:Further reading 2494: 2484: 2482: 2477: 2476: 2472: 2462: 2460: 2459:(in Portuguese) 2451: 2450: 2446: 2422: 2421: 2414: 2404: 2402: 2384: 2383: 2379: 2363: 2362: 2358: 2341: 2337: 2322: 2321: 2317: 2307: 2305: 2294: 2293: 2289: 2272: 2268: 2251: 2247: 2232: 2231: 2227: 2212: 2211: 2207: 2197: 2195: 2188: 2184: 2174: 2172: 2164: 2163: 2159: 2153: 2148: 2144: 2139: 2132: 2127:Wayback Machine 2116: 2112: 2102: 2100: 2099:on 29 June 2014 2091: 2090: 2086: 2073: 2072: 2068: 2059: 2055: 2040: 2039: 2035: 2028: 2011: 2007: 1990: 1986: 1976: 1974: 1962: 1958: 1948: 1946: 1936: 1932: 1922: 1920: 1910: 1906: 1899: 1885: 1881: 1871: 1869: 1866:The Independent 1857: 1848: 1838: 1836: 1828: 1827: 1820: 1810: 1808: 1796: 1792: 1782: 1780: 1768: 1764: 1758: 1742: 1741: 1737: 1729: 1722: 1718: 1717: 1713: 1705: 1698: 1694: 1693: 1689: 1681: 1674: 1670: 1669: 1665: 1657: 1650: 1646: 1645: 1641: 1633: 1626: 1622: 1621: 1617: 1607: 1605: 1597: 1596: 1592: 1584:The Independent 1577: 1576: 1572: 1562: 1560: 1555: 1554: 1550: 1543: 1525: 1521: 1511: 1509: 1500: 1499: 1492: 1482: 1480: 1470: 1466: 1456: 1454: 1449: 1448: 1441: 1434: 1416: 1403: 1396: 1380: 1376: 1362: 1360: 1358: 1342: 1327: 1317: 1315: 1306: 1305: 1294: 1287: 1273: 1272: 1263: 1256: 1248:. Hachette UK. 1240: 1236: 1229: 1221:. p. 468. 1209: 1192: 1178: 1177: 1173: 1163: 1161: 1153: 1152: 1148: 1138: 1136: 1127: 1126: 1122: 1114: 1107: 1103: 1102: 1098: 1094: 1060: 1038:Timothy Winters 1034:Charles Causley 968: 890: 854: 834: 818: 787: 537: 491: 456: 402:Connaught Rooms 365:and ex-referee 342: 321: 288:Gaming Act 1845 280: 275: 267: 248: 227: 211: 176: 150: 109:football league 105: 100: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 2567: 2557: 2556: 2551: 2546: 2544:Fantasy sports 2541: 2539:Sports betting 2527: 2526: 2525: 2524: 2511: 2510:External links 2508: 2507: 2506: 2503: 2498: 2495: 2493: 2492: 2470: 2457:Caixa Loterias 2444: 2412: 2377: 2356: 2335: 2315: 2287: 2266: 2245: 2225: 2205: 2182: 2157: 2142: 2130: 2110: 2084: 2066: 2053: 2033: 2026: 2005: 1984: 1956: 1930: 1904: 1897: 1879: 1846: 1818: 1790: 1762: 1735: 1711: 1687: 1663: 1639: 1615: 1590: 1570: 1548: 1541: 1519: 1490: 1464: 1453:. 3 April 1936 1439: 1432: 1401: 1394: 1374: 1356: 1325: 1292: 1286:978-1448142095 1285: 1261: 1255:978-0755364442 1254: 1234: 1227: 1190: 1171: 1146: 1120: 1095: 1093: 1090: 1089: 1088: 1082: 1076: 1074:Sports betting 1071: 1066: 1059: 1056: 967: 964: 889: 886: 853: 850: 849: 848: 845: 842: 833: 830: 822:Football Trust 817: 814: 786: 783: 780: 779: 776: 772: 771: 768: 765: 759: 755: 754: 751: 747: 746: 740: 737: 730: 726: 725: 722: 719: 713: 709: 708: 705: 702: 699: 695: 694: 691: 685: 681: 680: 677: 674: 664: 660: 659: 656: 653: 642: 638: 637: 634: 631: 627:Irene Powell, 625: 621: 620: 617: 614: 609:Cyril Grimes, 607: 603: 602: 596: 593: 587: 583: 582: 579: 573: 569: 568: 565: 562: 559: 536: 533: 490: 487: 455: 452: 433:Ronnie Simpson 429:Gerald Nabarro 421:Maurice Peston 390:Stan Mortensen 382:George Swindin 341: 338: 320: 317: 313:Premier League 279: 276: 274: 271: 266: 263: 247: 244: 226: 223: 210: 207: 199:Tannadice Park 175: 172: 149: 146: 104: 101: 99: 96: 47:football pools 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2566: 2555: 2552: 2550: 2547: 2545: 2542: 2540: 2537: 2536: 2534: 2522: 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937:Intertoto Cup 933: 931: 927: 923: 918: 915: 911: 905: 903: 899: 895: 885: 883: 878: 876: 871: 867: 862: 859: 846: 843: 839: 838: 837: 829: 827: 826:Taylor Report 823: 813: 811: 810: 803: 801: 800:spot the ball 797: 793: 774: 773: 769: 766: 764: 760: 757: 756: 749: 748: 745: 741: 738: 735: 731: 728: 727: 723: 721:£2,077,683.60 720: 718: 714: 711: 710: 706: 703: 701:Rodi Woodcock 700: 697: 696: 692: 690: 686: 683: 682: 678: 675: 673: 669: 665: 662: 661: 657: 654: 651: 647: 643: 640: 639: 635: 632: 630: 626: 623: 622: 618: 615: 612: 608: 605: 604: 601: 600:Viv Nicholson 597: 594: 592: 588: 585: 584: 580: 578: 574: 571: 570: 566: 563: 560: 557: 556: 553: 550: 549:Volta Redonda 546: 542: 535:Historic wins 532: 528: 524: 520: 518: 514: 513:Viv Nicholson 509: 503: 501: 497: 486: 483: 479: 477: 476: 475:Sports Report 471: 467: 466: 460: 451: 449: 445: 444:Ian Callaghan 440: 436: 434: 430: 426: 422: 418: 414: 410: 405: 403: 399: 395: 391: 387: 383: 379: 378:Neil Franklin 375: 370: 368: 364: 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The 106: 81: 66: 63: 59: 51:betting pool 46: 44: 32:betting pool 2219:Stampa Sera 2175:20 December 1483:12 February 1426:Books Ltd. 1219:Boxtree Ltd 1004:(1960) and 1001:La quiniela 992:(1959) and 984:Jack Warner 976:(1948) and 942:In Brazil, 912:(sometimes 898:totalisator 809:combination 785:Other games 693:£1,910,972 629:Port Talbot 613:, Hampshire 598:husband of 500:permutation 496:combination 470:Final Score 398:Ronald Howe 340:Pools Panel 219:Post Office 131:John Moores 68:Littlewoods 18:Pools Panel 2533:Categories 2485:14 January 2308:21 January 2103:21 October 1608:1 February 1395:0719036801 1318:21 October 1139:21 October 1092:References 973:Easy Money 922:Totocalcio 767:£3,001,511 739:£2,924,622 704:£2,072,220 676:£1,017,890 655:£1,600,791 650:Sunderland 646:Dorchester 591:Castleford 465:Grandstand 417:Tony Green 413:Roger Hunt 394:Ian McColl 355:Tom Finney 265:Off-season 123:The Umpire 2439:0104-1762 2400:1516-2931 2301:La Stampa 2239:Adnkronos 2062:The Times 1749:The Times 926:Totosport 877:in 2017. 870:Ladbrokes 792:lotteries 581:£205,235 577:Stockport 541:Ivolândia 351:Ted Drake 273:Mechanics 209:War years 174:Pools War 2198:21 March 2123:Archived 2016:(1981). 1872:23 March 1811:25 March 1783:23 March 1563:25 March 1512:16 March 1457:24 March 1159:OpCapita 1058:See also 1036:'s poem 1020:(1959), 875:OpCapita 866:Sportech 633:£882,000 616:£512,683 595:£152,319 309:away win 301:home win 236:gambling 203:Taypools 92:OpCapita 88:Sportech 1506:Hansard 1363:7 March 852:Decline 796:betting 763:Brechin 734:Worsley 672:Devizes 517:musical 508:jackpot 489:Winning 454:Results 319:Scoring 278:Entries 213:During 103:Origins 76:Zetters 72:Vernons 2437: 2426:Placar 2398: 2367:Placar 2024: 1949:25 May 1923:25 May 1895: 1839:25 May 1539: 1430: 1392: 1354: 1283: 1252: 1225: 1164:11 May 952:Loteca 567:Notes 564:Amount 561:Winner 217:, the 148:Growth 117:guinea 1977:3 May 1730:(PDF) 1723:(PDF) 1706:(PDF) 1699:(PDF) 1682:(PDF) 1675:(PDF) 1658:(PDF) 1651:(PDF) 1634:(PDF) 1627:(PDF) 1115:(PDF) 1108:(PDF) 841:Clubs 670:near 2523:copy 2487:2022 2465:2020 2435:ISSN 2407:2017 2396:ISSN 2310:2021 2200:2024 2177:2021 2119:1993 2105:2015 2022:ISBN 1979:2022 1951:2017 1925:2017 1893:ISBN 1874:2014 1841:2017 1813:2014 1785:2014 1610:2020 1565:2020 1537:ISBN 1514:2020 1485:2018 1459:2020 1428:ISBN 1390:ISBN 1365:2024 1352:ISBN 1320:2015 1281:ISBN 1250:ISBN 1223:ISBN 1166:2020 1141:2015 935:The 894:toto 775:2011 758:2010 750:2010 729:1994 712:1993 698:1991 684:1987 663:1986 641:1985 624:1979 611:Liss 606:1972 586:1961 572:1957 558:Year 446:and 431:and 419:and 392:and 361:and 305:draw 231:line 74:and 1032:". 1014:of 816:Tax 307:or 2535:: 2455:. 2415:^ 2388:. 2347:. 2326:. 2298:. 2278:. 2257:. 2236:. 2216:. 2168:. 2133:^ 2077:. 2044:. 1996:. 1968:. 1942:. 1916:. 1863:. 1849:^ 1832:. 1821:^ 1802:. 1774:. 1746:. 1601:. 1581:. 1531:. 1504:. 1493:^ 1476:. 1442:^ 1422:. 1404:^ 1328:^ 1295:^ 1264:^ 1217:. 1193:^ 1185:vi 1183:. 1157:. 884:. 794:, 435:. 415:, 411:, 388:, 384:, 380:, 357:, 353:, 303:, 295:. 201:. 70:, 2489:. 2467:. 2441:. 2409:. 2312:. 2202:. 2179:. 2107:. 2081:. 2030:. 1981:. 1953:. 1927:. 1901:. 1876:. 1843:. 1815:. 1787:. 1612:. 1567:. 1545:. 1516:. 1461:. 1436:. 1398:. 1371:. 1322:. 1289:. 1258:. 1231:. 1168:. 1143:. 914:X 910:N 34:. 20:)

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