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Townsend argues that the relief may function as a symbolic manifestation of the Aztec empires tribute system. In relation to Mexica tradition, conquered tribes or cities were expected to send sacrificial offerings to the victor. Tizoc, head of the Aztec empire at the time, would therefore be
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above each conquered soldier give the name of the original site which may have already been conquered. The toponyms are written in a mixture of logographic and syllabic signs. The stone also depicts the stars at the top rim, emphasizing the heavens; while the icons at the bottom edge represent the
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The stone was rediscovered on 17 December 1791 when the Zócalo, the heart of downtown Mexico City, was being repaved. Workmen had been cutting cobblestone, and were about to cut up the carved monolith. A churchman named Gamboa happened to be passing by and saved the stone from the same result. The
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While Tizoc is the only identifiable conqueror, each subsequent Mexica warrior shares the same 'smoking foot' motif to link them together. Some historians take this to mean that Tizoc is attempting to link his only large military conquest, depicted as the first scene, to the conquests of previous
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The lateral side of the stone depicts 15 separate scenes of a repeated scene of a costumed warrior having their hair grabbed by another warrior. Presumably the first figure, the warrior with the largest headdress is identified by the glyph of Tizoc and wears the headdress of the deity
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The act of grabbing another's hair has long been recognized as a symbol of defeat or conquering in
Mesoamerica, as such the stone is interpreted to represent the conquest of other locations by the Mexica. The main interpretation is that the stone is a propaganda piece for
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In each scene the warrior being grabbed has an identifying location glyph. Each of the warriors grabbing the other are identified with the 'smoking foot' motif as well as the symbol of the smoking mirror in their headdress both icons associating them with the deity
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The stone also features a large divot from the center to the edge of the sculpture. This divot is believed to have been done after the creation of the stone due to the rough and asymmetrical nature of the cut.
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stone was then moved to the nearby
Cathedral, and propped up vertically on one of the building's towers, where it stayed until 1824, when it was moved to the University. The stone is currently in the
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rulers. The fact that there are fifteen scenes could be related to the 15 lords of the 15 Mexica city-states, emphasizing the political and military divisions of the Mexica emperor.
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the stone may have been used for mock battles between a group of warriors and a victim who was tied to the stone and given a feathery club while the warriors had sharp
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are often described of as being flat on the top and the central hole lacks any kind of bar with which to tie a victim. More likely however, the stone was used as a
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The top of the stone has a sun diadem, with large triangles corresponding with the cardinal directions while smaller rays point in the inter-cardinal directions.
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earth. Combined with the solar iconography on the top, this associates Aztec conquering and rule with the divine.
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stone. Because of a shallow, round depression carved in the center of the top surface, it may have been a
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and measures 93 cm tall with a diameter of 2.65 meters and a circumference of 8.31 meters.
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the one collecting these tributes. The stone acts as acknowledgement of such a transaction.
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from 1481 to 1486; an average emperor who wanted, and helped to, rebuild the Aztec pyramid.
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458:. López Luján, Leonardo. (1st ed.). México, D.F.: Fondo de Cultura Económica.
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Townsend, Richard (1977). "State and Cosmos in the Art of
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at each of the cardinal points, in between these glyphs are rows of
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Collection of the
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Along the bottom of the rim are glyphs representing
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413:Studies in Pre-Columbian Art & Archaeology
500:(4th ed.). London: Thames & Hudson.
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253:Top View of The Stone of Tizoc
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432:. México : El Museo.
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48:introducing
566:Categories
507:050020392X
380:0816056730
335:References
296:temalactal
291:macuahuitl
163:temalacatl
115:Discovered
31:references
524:cite book
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541:See also
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389:58468201
189:Features
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107:Created
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587:Stones
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101:Basalt
33:, but
415:: 46.
284:As a
260:Tizoc
152:Aztec
110:1480s
530:link
512:OCLC
502:ISBN
470:OCLC
460:ISBN
385:OCLC
375:ISBN
138:The
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