497:), the other showed a reduction of 1.0 versus 0.8 points. Only the first study reached statistical significance. The Phase III approval study consisted of a run-in phase where the response of individuals to the drug was determined. The responders (42% of subjects) showed a significant effect in the second, placebo controlled, phase of the trial. A 2009 meta-analysis of six studies found large variations of effectiveness, with a – statistically non-significant – trend towards a reduction of spasticity. A systematic review in 2014 by the American Academy of Neurology found that nabiximols was 'probably effective' for spasticity, pain, and urinary dysfunction, but wasn't supported for tremor. A 2021 study, however, showed “clinically relevant symptomatic results”
272:
303:
55:
46:
509:
In early clinical trials, nabiximols has generally been well tolerated. The most common adverse effects in Phase III trials were dizziness (25%), drowsiness (8%) and disorientation (4%); 12% of subjects stopped taking the drug because of the side effects. No investigations regarding the potential for
445:
in
January 2012 to people with MS who have not responded adequately to other medication for spasticity. It has also been recommended for approval in Italy and Austria with formal approvals expected in these countries during 2011. In Spain and other European markets (excluding the UK), nabiximols will
421:
of the United
Kingdom licensed nabiximols as a prescription-only medicine for the treatment of spasticity due to multiple sclerosis. This regulatory authorization represents the world's first full regulatory approval for the medicine. The spray is being marketed in the UK by Bayer Schering Pharma.
469:
announced an exclusive agreement for Otsuka to develop and market the drug in the United States. The first large scale US Phase IIb trial, Spray Trial, for people with cancer reported positive results in March 2010. GW and Otsuka have now commenced the Phase III development of nabiximols in
500:
Nabiximols has also been studied for cancer pain resistant to opioids. While adjuvant use of nabiximols was safe in 3 trials for cancer pain, data regarding efficacy were mixed, and the drug failed to meet its primary endpoint for this purpose in its first Phase III trial.
457:
for the treatment of MS spasticity. It has also received a licence with conditions (NOC/c) for two additional uses: as adjunctive treatment for the symptomatic relief of neuropathic pain in multiple sclerosis, and also for pain due to cancer.
461:
Nabiximols is available in a number of countries as an unlicensed medicine, which enables doctors to prescribe the product to people who they consider may benefit. The product has been exported from the UK to a total of 28 countries to date.
358:. In 2019, it was proposed that following application of the spray, nabiximols is washed away from the oral mucosa by the saliva flow and ingested into the stomach, with subsequent absorption from the gastro-intestinal tract. Nabiximols is a
1332:
Wade DT, Makela P, Robson P, House H, Bateman C (August 2004). "Do cannabis-based medicinal extracts have general or specific effects on symptoms in multiple sclerosis? A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study on 160 patients".
527:(UK), granting them the sole legal right to research in aerosolized cannabis derived therapeutics, which became commercially viable in April 2013, when the UK Government scheduled the Sativex formulation to part IV of the UK Drugs Act.
514:
are available, but such a potential is unlikely considering the pharmacological properties of the two components. A systematic review has shown no evidence is available about the negative effect of
Nabiximols on cognition ability
697:
Itin C, Domb AJ, Hoffman A (October 2019). "A meta-opinion: cannabinoids delivered to oral mucosa by a spray for systemic absorption are rather ingested into gastro-intestinal tract: the influences of fed / fasting states".
1268:"An open-label extension study to investigate the long-term safety and tolerability of THC/CBD oromucosal spray and oromucosal THC spray in patients with terminal cancer-related pain refractory to strong opioid analgesics"
981:
484:
In 2013, France legalized the use of cannabinoids in medicine, Sativex is the first one to be sold under prescription. Nevertheless, as of June 2016 this drug had still not actually been sold in pharmacies there.
1505:
3910:
493:
Of the two preliminary Phase III studies investigating the treatment of people with MS, one showed a reduction of spasticity of 1.2 points on the 0–10 points rating scale (versus 0.6 points under
789:
841:
1462:
Motaghi E, Ghasemi-Pirbaluti M, Rashidi M, Alasvand M, Di Ciano P, Bozorgi H (March 2023). "The effect of tetrahydrocannabinol:cannabidiol oromucosal spray on cognition: a systematic review".
1419:
Wade DT, Robson P, House H, Makela P, Aram J (February 2003). "A preliminary controlled study to determine whether whole-plant cannabis extracts can improve intractable neurogenic symptoms".
1376:
Wade DT, Makela PM, House H, Bateman C, Robson P (October 2006). "Long-term use of a cannabis-based medicine in the treatment of spasticity and other symptoms in multiple sclerosis".
167:
1078:"Systematic review: efficacy and safety of medical marijuana in selected neurologic disorders: report of the Guideline Development Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology"
741:
985:
1227:"A double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover pilot trial with extension using an oral mucosal cannabinoid extract for treatment of chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain"
1509:
4514:
4383:
3012:
1814:
4693:
122:
4046:
3720:
418:
797:
4107:
849:
285:
433:
for MS spasticity in the second half of 2010, and was launched in that country in March 2011. It was approved in the Czech
Republic in April 2011, in
959:
4178:
2113:
4519:
4353:
4041:
3945:
3005:
4097:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3443:
2061:
1186:"Nabiximols for opioid-treated cancer patients with poorly-controlled chronic pain: a randomized, placebo-controlled, graded-dose trial"
4474:
4464:
4233:
4102:
4705:
4577:
4552:
4547:
4494:
4418:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4238:
4198:
4188:
4117:
3535:
3141:
3106:
1127:"Sativex® (nabiximols) cannabinoid oromucosal spray in patients with resistant multiple sclerosis spasticity: the Belgian experience"
4602:
4597:
4509:
4499:
4479:
4443:
4428:
4423:
4398:
4223:
4218:
4087:
4021:
4016:
4011:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3630:
2998:
426:(NHS) resistance to its funding; but, in August 2014, the NHS in Wales agreed to fund Sativex for people with multiple sclerosis.
4592:
4587:
4582:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4413:
4408:
654:
Itin C, Barasch D, Domb AJ, Hoffman A (May 2020). "Prolonged oral transmucosal delivery of highly lipophilic drug cannabidiol".
4635:
4504:
4378:
2956:
863:
1564:
571:
1308:
2572:
2133:
2101:
4770:
4315:
292:
893:
764:
2973:
152:
924:"Sativex - Investigational Cannabis-Based Treatment for Pain and Multiple Sclerosis Drug Development Technology"
381:
to market the drug under the brand name
Sativex. In 2011, GW licensed the rights to commercialise nabiximols to
4678:
617:
636:
4725:
3905:
3500:
3176:
3086:
2428:
2071:
231:
4162:
4145:
3823:
3472:
3049:
1027:"Whole plant cannabis extracts in the treatment of spasticity in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review"
251:
4765:
4294:
2091:
523:
GW Pharmaceuticals were issued a license to cultivate cannabis for the manufacturing of
Sativex in the
317:
1184:
Portenoy RK, Ganae-Motan ED, Allende S, Yanagihara R, Shaiova L, Weinstein S, et al. (May 2012).
4310:
466:
1125:
D'hooghe M, Willekens B, Delvaux V, D'haeseleer M, Guillaume D, Laureys G, et al. (June 2021).
267:
4673:
3950:
3505:
3186:
2806:
2767:
1557:
1506:"GWPharma - GW Pharmaceuticals' cannabinoid-medicine Sativex® moved to Schedule 4 of UK Drugs Act"
4755:
4453:
3670:
3261:
3032:
2961:
2677:
2081:
1737:
423:
107:
97:
17:
982:"Cannabis thérapeutique : pourquoi le Sativex n'est-il toujours pas vendu en France ?"
596:
4328:
4193:
3715:
3495:
3448:
3081:
2725:
1681:
923:
4760:
4732:
3980:
3071:
3038:
2484:
2178:
2096:
2086:
1798:
1741:
362:
standardized in composition, formulation, and dose. Its principal active components are the
3985:
3915:
3848:
3843:
3818:
3710:
3286:
3021:
2695:
2656:
2489:
2479:
2474:
2301:
2106:
2022:
1664:
511:
367:
240:
195:
70:
8:
3181:
3171:
2444:
2076:
1905:
1806:
1745:
1632:
1621:
1550:
186:
271:
4151:
4112:
3975:
3741:
3510:
3024:
2882:
2449:
2347:
2018:
1876:
1810:
1487:
1444:
1401:
1358:
1166:
1153:
1126:
1102:
1077:
1076:
Koppel BS, Brust JC, Fife T, Bronstein J, Youssof S, Gronseth G, Gloss D (April 2014).
1053:
1026:
723:
679:
355:
351:
347:
1284:
1267:
1243:
1226:
2666:
2521:
2509:
2396:
1802:
1491:
1479:
1436:
1393:
1350:
1289:
1248:
1207:
1170:
1158:
1107:
1058:
727:
715:
683:
671:
220:
1405:
4283:
4077:
2743:
2217:
1471:
1448:
1428:
1385:
1362:
1342:
1279:
1238:
1197:
1148:
1138:
1097:
1089:
1048:
1038:
707:
663:
536:
359:
339:
135:
2990:
711:
667:
2927:
2846:
2828:
2641:
2406:
2391:
2332:
1715:
1616:
1093:
871:
551:
1581:
1577:
1202:
1185:
4640:
4625:
3795:
3695:
3281:
3091:
2967:
2922:
2685:
2565:
2540:
2416:
2401:
1871:
1751:
1702:
1669:
1475:
1346:
1143:
819:
524:
335:
331:
302:
1432:
4749:
4630:
4403:
3920:
3828:
3575:
3352:
3317:
3241:
3196:
2856:
2851:
2841:
2771:
2733:
2191:
1966:
1896:
1756:
1725:
1674:
1389:
454:
4650:
4358:
4006:
3378:
3296:
2861:
2836:
2594:
2499:
2383:
2170:
2158:
2148:
2123:
1991:
1981:
1911:
1786:
1781:
1692:
1483:
1440:
1397:
1354:
1293:
1252:
1211:
1162:
1124:
1111:
1062:
1043:
945:
719:
675:
130:
1542:
901:
374:(CBD). Each spray delivers a dose of 2.7 mg THC and 2.5 mg CBD.
59:
Chemical structures of tetrahydrocannabinol (top) and cannabidiol (bottom)
4683:
4388:
4338:
4333:
4228:
4203:
4127:
4122:
4036:
4001:
3838:
3756:
3725:
3680:
3600:
3565:
3458:
3398:
3393:
3373:
3327:
3276:
3146:
3101:
2907:
2887:
2796:
2705:
2636:
2628:
2589:
2514:
2464:
2459:
2358:
2294:
2222:
2066:
2051:
2042:
1976:
1961:
1956:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1886:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1825:
1820:
1776:
1761:
1730:
1709:
1687:
471:
402:
371:
363:
114:
82:
75:
4373:
4368:
4213:
4208:
4161:
4092:
4082:
4031:
3833:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3595:
3570:
3560:
3438:
3403:
3388:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3151:
3136:
2937:
2932:
2877:
2814:
2757:
2738:
2715:
2710:
2700:
2690:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2555:
2550:
2532:
2469:
2454:
2439:
2373:
2353:
2284:
2274:
2243:
2197:
2184:
2153:
2118:
2001:
1996:
1971:
1921:
1916:
1891:
1846:
1771:
1461:
546:
343:
4343:
3940:
3705:
3685:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3590:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3428:
3423:
3413:
3383:
3246:
3236:
3166:
3161:
2942:
2902:
2897:
2751:
2599:
2560:
2504:
2434:
2368:
2363:
2340:
2322:
2307:
2279:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2207:
2163:
1951:
1926:
1791:
1720:
1648:
1573:
206:
1266:
Johnson JR, Lossignol D, Burnell-Nugent M, Fallon MT (August 2013).
1265:
1183:
4645:
3761:
3675:
3655:
3610:
3585:
3347:
3301:
3271:
3251:
3201:
3191:
2912:
2791:
2786:
2646:
2545:
2317:
2312:
2289:
2238:
2212:
2202:
2011:
2006:
1986:
1901:
1881:
1830:
1643:
1628:
960:"France Legalizes Marijuana-Based Drug To Treat Multiple Sclerosis"
541:
447:
382:
326:
4612:
4393:
3869:
3766:
3751:
3690:
3665:
3635:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3408:
3368:
3322:
3256:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
2917:
2892:
2762:
2747:
2494:
2424:
2056:
2028:
1851:
1766:
1611:
494:
438:
434:
4534:
4613:
4524:
4489:
4484:
4433:
4363:
4277:
4248:
4243:
4061:
4026:
3970:
3874:
3853:
3746:
3700:
3660:
3605:
3515:
3433:
3418:
3291:
3266:
3231:
3206:
3096:
1697:
1599:
1590:
478:
442:
406:
398:
306:
54:
4535:
4323:
4183:
3889:
3580:
3453:
3156:
1931:
1638:
1603:
394:
390:
378:
1224:
338:. Nabiximols is sold as a mouth spray intended to alleviate
256:
4469:
4348:
422:
Many people with MS cannot receive nabiximols due to local
386:
1535:
1225:
Lynch ME, Cesar-Rittenberg P, Hohmann AG (January 2014).
742:"GW signs Sativex cannabis-based drug deal with Novartis"
34:
1075:
572:"DDrare: Database of Drug Development for Rare Diseases"
1309:"Last stage failure for Otsuka and GW Cancer Pain Drug"
4060:
3796:
1375:
653:
45:
3888:
3801:
1418:
1331:
948:. Krajowe Biuro Do Spraw Przeciwdziałania Narkomanii.
4163:
3473:
3050:
3020:
564:
419:
Medicines and
Healthcare products Regulatory Agency
4295:
4747:
219:
696:
194:
39:Tetrahydrocannabinol Botanical Drug Substance
3006:
1558:
1024:
820:"Wales NHS to offer MS cannabis drug Sativex"
4709:(FAAH-like anandamide transporter inhibitor)
4697:(directly potentiates activity of 2-AG at CB
1572:
1005:
1003:
943:
765:"Sussex MS sufferers call for drug funding"
453:In Canada, nabiximols has been approved by
377:In 2003, GW Pharmaceuticals partnered with
173:In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
3013:
2999:
1565:
1551:
477:In December 2012, Sativex was approved in
270:
53:
44:
1464:European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
1306:
1283:
1242:
1201:
1152:
1142:
1101:
1052:
1042:
790:"Sativex rejected by healthcare provider"
239:
1000:
301:
4070:
330:extract that was approved in 2010 as a
266:
14:
4748:
1272:Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
1231:Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
1025:Lakhan SE, Rowland M (December 2009).
656:International Journal of Pharmaceutics
2994:
1546:
597:"Statement on a non-proprietary name"
354:; it was developed by the UK company
4404:Redafamdastat (JZP-150, PF-04457845)
1009:Schubert-Zsilavecz, M, Wurglics, M,
984:. Sciences et Avenir. Archived from
926:. www.drugdevelopment-technology.com
762:
309:packaging of a case of Sativex vials
134:
4168:Tooltip Endocannabinoid transporter
3481:Tooltip Cannabinoid receptor type 2
3058:Tooltip Cannabinoid receptor type 1
604:United States Adopted Names Council
210:
24:
4300:Tooltip Fatty acid amide hydrolase
637:"Sativex (nabiximols) - factsheet"
25:
4782:
2657:Tetrahydrocannabinol (dronabinol)
1527:
1285:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2012.07.014
1244:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2013.02.018
161:
488:
430:
429:Nabiximols was also approved in
1498:
1455:
1412:
1369:
1325:
1300:
1259:
1218:
1177:
1118:
1069:
1018:
974:
952:
937:
916:
886:
856:
846:Swedish Medical Products Agency
834:
812:
700:Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery
504:
412:
4646:Orlistat (tetrahydrolipstatin)
2425:Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid)
1307:Underwood G (9 January 2015).
796:. 20 June 2011. Archived from
782:
756:
744:. The Telegraph. 11 April 2011
734:
690:
647:
629:
610:
589:
13:
1:
4726:Receptor/signaling modulators
3197:Gallocatechol (gallocatechin)
712:10.1080/17425247.2019.1653852
668:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119276
557:
1094:10.1212/WNL.0000000000000363
518:
320:) sold under the brand name
7:
4735:(cannabinoids by structure)
4389:Paracetamol (acetaminophen)
4229:Paracetamol (acetaminophen)
2067:Paracetamol (acetaminophen)
1203:10.1016/j.jpain.2012.01.003
1011:Neue Arzneimittel 2011/2012
946:"Sativex - lek z marihuany"
530:
10:
4787:
1476:10.1007/s00228-023-03454-y
1347:10.1191/1352458504ms1082oa
1144:10.1186/s12883-021-02246-0
4771:Medicinal use of cannabis
4717:
4663:
4611:
4533:
4452:
4311:4-Nonylphenylboronic acid
4293:
4276:
4144:
4059:
3994:
3898:
3887:
3862:
3811:
3794:
3734:
3488:
3471:
3361:
3310:
3065:
3048:
3031:
2951:
2870:
2827:
2805:
2768:Tricyclic antidepressants
2724:
2676:
2665:
2627:
2582:
2531:
2415:
2382:
2331:
2267:
2231:
2141:
2132:
2041:
1839:
1657:
1598:
1589:
1433:10.1191/0269215503cr581oa
626:Page accessed Feb 3, 2016
578:(in Japanese). 2016-12-28
465:In February 2007, GW and
282:
250:
230:
205:
185:
180:
151:
146:
121:
106:
96:
91:
81:
69:
64:
52:
43:
27:Specific cannabis extract
4674:Phosphatidylethanolamine
3951:Lysophosphatidylinositol
3389:Falcarinol (carotatoxin)
2102:+propyphenazone/caffeine
1390:10.1177/1352458505070618
641:Multiple Sclerosis Trust
350:, and other symptoms of
4384:Palmitoylisopropylamide
1421:Clinical Rehabilitation
944:Olszewska D, Kidawa M.
424:National Health Service
4329:Arachidonoyl serotonin
4194:Arachidonoyl serotonin
3596:GW-405,833 (L-768,242)
1952:Pethidine (meperidine)
1044:10.1186/1471-2377-9-59
842:"Sativex (nabiximols)"
763:Ryan S (4 June 2011).
310:
3981:Palmitoylethanolamide
3906:2-AGE (noladin ether)
3506:3,3'-Diindolylmethane
3501:2-AGE (noladin ether)
3087:2-AGE (noladin ether)
2573:+paracetamol/caffeine
2551:Metamizole (dipyrone)
2485:Morpholine salicylate
2429:+paracetamol/caffeine
467:Otsuka Pharmaceutical
441:in June 2011, and in
305:
3916:Abnormal cannabidiol
3819:Abnormal cannabidiol
3651:Lenabasum (anabasum)
3022:Cannabinoid receptor
2696:Gabapentin enacarbil
2490:Potassium salicylate
2480:Magnesium salicylate
2475:Imidazole salicylate
2302:Indometacin farnesil
1698:Diamorphine (heroin)
1665:Acetyldihydrocodeine
864:"Multiple Sclerosis"
368:tetrahydrocannabinol
71:Tetrahydrocannabinol
3516:α-Amyrin · β-Amyrin
3172:Dimethylheptylpyran
3097:α-Amyrin · β-Amyrin
2445:Carbasalate calcium
1190:The Journal of Pain
868:GW Pharmaceuticals\
622:UK Medicines Online
40:
4113:Oleoylethanolamide
4047:Tetrahydromagnolol
3976:Oleoylethanolamide
3742:4-O-Methylhonokiol
3721:Tetrahydromagnolol
3676:Olorinab (APD-371)
3511:4-O-Methylhonokiol
2978:Never to phase III
2883:Analgesic adjuvant
2784:1.7/1.8-selective:
2450:Choline salicylate
1877:Dextropropoxyphene
1378:Multiple Sclerosis
1335:Multiple Sclerosis
898:GW Pharmaceuticals
769:Argus (Sussex, UK)
417:In June 2010, the
356:GW Pharmaceuticals
352:multiple sclerosis
348:overactive bladder
311:
30:
4766:Combination drugs
4743:
4742:
4659:
4658:
4272:
4271:
4140:
4139:
4136:
4135:
4055:
4054:
3883:
3882:
3790:
3789:
3467:
3466:
2988:
2987:
2823:
2822:
2807:Potassium openers
2744:Local anesthetics
2686:Alcohol (ethanol)
2623:
2622:
2522:methyl salicylate
2510:Sodium salicylate
2397:Meclofenamic acid
2072:+aspirin/caffeine
2037:
2036:
1088:(17): 1556–1563.
962:. HunffingtonPost
706:(10): 1031–1035.
300:
299:
252:CompTox Dashboard
170:(Controlled drug)
165:
16:(Redirected from
4778:
4616:
4538:
4301:
4297:
4291:
4290:
4287:
4169:
4165:
4159:
4158:
4155:
4108:N-Oleoyldopamine
4078:2-Oleoylglycerol
4068:
4067:
4064:
3986:THC (dronabinol)
3896:
3895:
3892:
3849:THC (dronabinol)
3809:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3711:THC (dronabinol)
3486:
3485:
3482:
3478:
3311:Inverse agonists
3287:THC (dronabinol)
3063:
3062:
3059:
3055:
3046:
3045:
3042:
3015:
3008:
3001:
2992:
2991:
2678:Calcium blockers
2674:
2673:
2570:
2519:
2345:
2333:COX-2 inhibitors
2299:
2218:Tiaprofenic acid
2189:
2176:
2168:
2139:
2138:
2016:
1796:
1735:
1707:
1679:
1596:
1595:
1567:
1560:
1553:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1538:
1536:Official website
1521:
1520:
1518:
1517:
1508:. Archived from
1502:
1496:
1495:
1459:
1453:
1452:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1329:
1323:
1322:
1320:
1319:
1304:
1298:
1297:
1287:
1263:
1257:
1256:
1246:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1205:
1181:
1175:
1174:
1156:
1146:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1105:
1073:
1067:
1066:
1056:
1046:
1022:
1016:
1015:
1007:
998:
997:
995:
993:
978:
972:
971:
969:
967:
956:
950:
949:
941:
935:
934:
932:
931:
920:
914:
913:
911:
909:
900:. Archived from
890:
884:
883:
881:
879:
870:. Archived from
860:
854:
853:
848:. Archived from
838:
832:
831:
829:
827:
822:. 15 August 2014
816:
810:
809:
807:
805:
786:
780:
779:
777:
775:
760:
754:
753:
751:
749:
738:
732:
731:
694:
688:
687:
651:
645:
644:
633:
627:
625:
614:
608:
607:
601:
593:
587:
586:
584:
583:
568:
537:Medical cannabis
437:in May 2011, in
360:combination drug
340:neuropathic pain
324:, is a specific
296:
295:
288:
275:
274:
260:
258:
243:
223:
213:
212:
198:
163:
160:
138:
57:
48:
41:
38:
36:
29:
21:
4786:
4785:
4781:
4780:
4779:
4777:
4776:
4775:
4746:
4745:
4744:
4739:
4713:
4700:
4655:
4607:
4529:
4448:
4319:
4299:
4281:
4280:
4268:
4167:
4149:
4148:
4132:
4051:
3990:
3879:
3858:
3799:
3786:
3730:
3480:
3477:
3463:
3357:
3306:
3070:
3067:
3057:
3054:
3036:
3035:
3027:
3019:
2989:
2984:
2983:
2968:Clinical trials
2947:
2928:Phenazopyridine
2866:
2847:Cyclobenzaprine
2819:
2801:
2783:
2726:Sodium blockers
2720:
2668:
2661:
2619:
2578:
2568:
2527:
2517:
2411:
2407:Tolfenamic acid
2392:Flufenamic acid
2378:
2343:
2327:
2297:
2263:
2227:
2187:
2174:
2166:
2128:
2092:+metoclopramide
2033:
2014:
1835:
1794:
1733:
1716:Dihydromorphine
1705:
1677:
1653:
1585:
1571:
1534:
1533:
1530:
1525:
1524:
1515:
1513:
1504:
1503:
1499:
1460:
1456:
1417:
1413:
1374:
1370:
1330:
1326:
1317:
1315:
1305:
1301:
1264:
1260:
1223:
1219:
1182:
1178:
1123:
1119:
1074:
1070:
1023:
1019:
1013:
1008:
1001:
991:
989:
980:
979:
975:
965:
963:
958:
957:
953:
942:
938:
929:
927:
922:
921:
917:
907:
905:
892:
891:
887:
877:
875:
862:
861:
857:
840:
839:
835:
825:
823:
818:
817:
813:
803:
801:
800:on 22 June 2011
788:
787:
783:
773:
771:
761:
757:
747:
745:
740:
739:
735:
695:
691:
652:
648:
643:. October 2014.
635:
634:
630:
616:
615:
611:
599:
595:
594:
590:
581:
579:
570:
569:
565:
560:
552:Hortapharm B.V.
533:
521:
507:
491:
446:be marketed by
415:
291:
289:
286:(what is this?)
283:
278:
254:
246:
226:
209:
201:
176:
142:
109:
60:
33:
32:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4784:
4774:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4756:Benzochromenes
4741:
4740:
4738:
4737:
4729:
4722:
4718:
4715:
4714:
4712:
4711:
4703:
4698:
4687:
4686:
4684:Diacylglycerol
4681:
4676:
4667:
4665:
4661:
4660:
4657:
4656:
4654:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4641:Oleanolic acid
4638:
4633:
4628:
4626:Betulinic acid
4619:
4617:
4609:
4608:
4606:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4541:
4539:
4531:
4530:
4528:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4458:
4456:
4450:
4449:
4447:
4446:
4437:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4317:
4313:
4304:
4302:
4288:
4274:
4273:
4270:
4269:
4267:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4172:
4170:
4156:
4142:
4141:
4138:
4137:
4134:
4133:
4131:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4074:
4072:
4065:
4057:
4056:
4053:
4052:
4050:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3998:
3996:
3992:
3991:
3989:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3902:
3900:
3893:
3885:
3884:
3881:
3880:
3878:
3877:
3872:
3866:
3864:
3860:
3859:
3857:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3815:
3813:
3806:
3792:
3791:
3788:
3787:
3785:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3738:
3736:
3732:
3731:
3729:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3696:Serinolamide A
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3492:
3490:
3483:
3475:
3469:
3468:
3465:
3464:
3462:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3365:
3363:
3359:
3358:
3356:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3314:
3312:
3308:
3307:
3305:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3282:Serinolamide A
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3092:11-Hydroxy-THC
3089:
3084:
3078:
3076:
3060:
3052:
3043:
3029:
3028:
3018:
3017:
3010:
3003:
2995:
2986:
2985:
2982:
2981:
2980:
2979:
2976:
2965:
2959:
2953:
2952:
2949:
2948:
2946:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2923:Methoxyflurane
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2874:
2872:
2868:
2867:
2865:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2833:
2831:
2825:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2818:
2817:
2811:
2809:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2781:
2776:
2775:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2741:
2736:
2730:
2728:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2682:
2680:
2671:
2663:
2662:
2660:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2633:
2631:
2625:
2624:
2621:
2620:
2618:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2586:
2584:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2576:
2566:Propyphenazone
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2541:Aminophenazone
2537:
2535:
2529:
2528:
2526:
2525:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2421:
2419:
2413:
2412:
2410:
2409:
2404:
2402:Mefenamic acid
2399:
2394:
2388:
2386:
2380:
2379:
2377:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2337:
2335:
2329:
2328:
2326:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2271:
2269:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2235:
2233:
2229:
2228:
2226:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2182:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2145:
2143:
2136:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2110:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2048:
2046:
2039:
2038:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2031:
2026:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1872:Dextromoramide
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1843:
1841:
1837:
1836:
1834:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1752:Hydromorphinol
1749:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1703:Dihydrocodeine
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1672:
1670:Benzylmorphine
1667:
1661:
1659:
1655:
1654:
1652:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1626:
1625:
1624:
1619:
1608:
1606:
1593:
1587:
1586:
1570:
1569:
1562:
1555:
1547:
1541:
1540:
1529:
1528:External links
1526:
1523:
1522:
1497:
1470:(3): 371–381.
1454:
1411:
1384:(5): 639–645.
1368:
1341:(4): 434–441.
1324:
1299:
1278:(2): 207–218.
1258:
1237:(1): 166–173.
1217:
1196:(5): 438–449.
1176:
1117:
1068:
1017:
999:
973:
951:
936:
915:
885:
855:
852:on 2014-01-01.
833:
811:
781:
755:
733:
689:
646:
628:
609:
588:
562:
561:
559:
556:
555:
554:
549:
544:
539:
532:
529:
525:United Kingdom
520:
517:
506:
503:
490:
487:
414:
411:
336:United Kingdom
332:botanical drug
298:
297:
280:
279:
277:
276:
268:DTXSID40972015
263:
261:
248:
247:
245:
244:
236:
234:
228:
227:
225:
224:
216:
214:
203:
202:
200:
199:
191:
189:
183:
182:
178:
177:
175:
174:
171:
157:
155:
149:
148:
144:
143:
141:
140:
127:
125:
119:
118:
112:
110:administration
104:
103:
100:
94:
93:
89:
88:
85:
79:
78:
73:
67:
66:
65:Combination of
62:
61:
58:
50:
49:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4783:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4753:
4751:
4736:
4734:
4730:
4728:
4727:
4723:
4720:
4719:
4716:
4710:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4695:
4692:
4689:
4688:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4669:
4668:
4666:
4662:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4631:Maslinic acid
4629:
4627:
4624:
4621:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4610:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4543:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4532:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4460:
4459:
4457:
4455:
4451:
4445:
4442:
4439:
4438:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4306:
4305:
4303:
4298:
4292:
4289:
4285:
4279:
4275:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4174:
4173:
4171:
4166:
4160:
4157:
4153:
4147:
4143:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4075:
4073:
4069:
4066:
4063:
4058:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3999:
3997:
3993:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3903:
3901:
3897:
3894:
3891:
3886:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3867:
3865:
3861:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3816:
3814:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3793:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3733:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3576:Caryophyllene
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3493:
3491:
3487:
3484:
3479:
3470:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3366:
3364:
3360:
3354:
3353:Zevaquenabant
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3315:
3313:
3309:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3242:Levonantradol
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3079:
3077:
3075:
3073:
3064:
3061:
3056:
3047:
3044:
3040:
3034:
3030:
3026:
3023:
3016:
3011:
3009:
3004:
3002:
2997:
2996:
2993:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2954:
2950:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2869:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2857:Methocarbamol
2855:
2853:
2852:Mephenoxalone
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2842:Chlorzoxazone
2840:
2838:
2835:
2834:
2832:
2830:
2826:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2810:
2808:
2804:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2778:
2777:
2773:
2772:amitriptyline
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2734:Carbamazepine
2732:
2731:
2729:
2727:
2723:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2683:
2681:
2679:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2664:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2634:
2632:
2630:
2626:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2581:
2574:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2534:
2530:
2523:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2430:
2426:
2423:
2422:
2420:
2418:
2414:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2389:
2387:
2385:
2381:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2342:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2330:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2303:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2266:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2230:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2193:
2192:Dexketoprofen
2186:
2183:
2180:
2172:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2131:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2069:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2040:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2020:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1967:Phenoperidine
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1907:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1897:Ethoheptazine
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1838:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1757:Hydromorphone
1755:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1726:Ethylmorphine
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1711:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1676:
1675:Buprenorphine
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1662:
1660:
1658:Semisynthetic
1656:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1630:
1627:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1613:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1588:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1568:
1563:
1561:
1556:
1554:
1549:
1548:
1545:
1537:
1532:
1531:
1512:on 2013-10-29
1511:
1507:
1501:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1458:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1415:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1372:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1328:
1314:
1310:
1303:
1295:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1262:
1254:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1221:
1213:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1180:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1131:BMC Neurology
1128:
1121:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1072:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1031:BMC Neurology
1028:
1021:
1012:
1006:
1004:
988:on 2016-05-10
987:
983:
977:
961:
955:
947:
940:
925:
919:
904:on 2011-09-27
903:
899:
895:
894:"Cancer Pain"
889:
874:on 2011-08-11
873:
869:
865:
859:
851:
847:
843:
837:
821:
815:
799:
795:
791:
785:
770:
766:
759:
743:
737:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
693:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
650:
642:
638:
632:
623:
619:
613:
605:
598:
592:
577:
573:
567:
563:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
534:
528:
526:
516:
513:
502:
498:
496:
489:Effectiveness
486:
482:
480:
475:
473:
468:
463:
459:
456:
455:Health Canada
451:
449:
444:
440:
436:
432:
427:
425:
420:
410:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
375:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
328:
323:
319:
315:
308:
304:
294:
287:
281:
273:
269:
265:
264:
262:
253:
249:
242:
238:
237:
235:
233:
229:
222:
218:
217:
215:
208:
204:
197:
193:
192:
190:
188:
184:
179:
172:
169:
159:
158:
156:
154:
150:
145:
137:
132:
129:
128:
126:
124:
120:
116:
113:
111:
105:
101:
99:
95:
92:Clinical data
90:
86:
84:
80:
77:
74:
72:
68:
63:
56:
51:
47:
42:
19:
4761:Cannabinoids
4733:Cannabinoids
4731:
4724:
4708:
4696:
4690:
4670:
4651:Ursolic acid
4622:
4544:
4461:
4440:
4359:JNJ-42165279
4307:
4175:
4007:CID-16020046
3379:Cannabigerol
3297:WIN 55,212-2
3068:
2862:Orphenadrine
2837:Carisoprodol
2829:Myorelaxants
2779:
2651:
2629:Cannabinoids
2595:Floctafenine
2500:Salicylamide
2179:+paracetamol
2171:Dexibuprofen
2159:Flurbiprofen
2149:Benoxaprofen
2124:Propacetamol
2114:Parapropamol
2082:+hydrocodone
2023:+paracetamol
1992:Remifentanil
1982:Proheptazine
1912:Ketobemidone
1852:Alphaprodine
1799:+paracetamol
1787:Nicomorphine
1782:Nicodicodine
1738:+paracetamol
1710:+paracetamol
1693:Desomorphine
1622:+paracetamol
1514:. Retrieved
1510:the original
1500:
1467:
1463:
1457:
1427:(1): 21–29.
1424:
1420:
1414:
1381:
1377:
1371:
1338:
1334:
1327:
1316:. Retrieved
1312:
1302:
1275:
1271:
1261:
1234:
1230:
1220:
1193:
1189:
1179:
1134:
1130:
1120:
1085:
1081:
1071:
1034:
1030:
1020:
1010:
990:. Retrieved
986:the original
976:
964:. Retrieved
954:
939:
928:. Retrieved
918:
906:. Retrieved
902:the original
897:
888:
876:. Retrieved
872:the original
867:
858:
850:the original
845:
836:
824:. Retrieved
814:
802:. Retrieved
798:the original
794:Lincolnshire
793:
784:
772:. Retrieved
768:
758:
746:. Retrieved
736:
703:
699:
692:
659:
655:
649:
640:
631:
621:
618:"Nabiximols"
612:
603:
591:
580:. Retrieved
576:ホーム | DDrare
575:
566:
522:
508:
505:Side effects
499:
492:
483:
476:
464:
460:
452:
428:
416:
413:Availability
376:
364:cannabinoids
325:
321:
313:
312:
290:
284:
153:Legal status
147:Legal status
4671:Precursors:
4623:Inhibitors:
4545:Inhibitors:
4520:Pristimerin
4462:Inhibitors:
4441:Activators:
4354:JNJ-1661010
4339:Biochanin A
4334:BIA 10-2474
4308:Inhibitors:
4209:Guineensine
4204:Cannabidiol
4176:Inhibitors:
4146:Transporter
4128:PSN-632,408
4123:PSN-375,963
4042:PSB-SB-1203
4037:PSB-SB-1202
4002:Cannabidiol
3995:Antagonists
3946:GSK-494581A
3863:Antagonists
3839:Cannabidiol
3757:Cannabidiol
3735:Antagonists
3726:Virodhamine
3681:PF-03550096
3601:GW-842,166X
3566:AZ-11713908
3459:Virodhamine
3399:Ibipinabant
3394:Hemopressin
3374:Cannabidiol
3362:Antagonists
3328:Monlunabant
3277:Pravadoline
3192:Epicatechin
3147:AZ-11713908
3102:AB-CHMINACA
2964:from market
2908:Frunevetmab
2888:Bedinvetmab
2797:PF-05089771
2706:Mirogabalin
2667:Ion channel
2637:Cannabidiol
2590:Benzydamine
2533:Pyrazolones
2515:Wintergreen
2465:Ethenzamide
2460:Dipyrocetyl
2417:Salicylates
2359:Lumiracoxib
2295:Indometacin
2223:Zaltoprofen
2142:Propionates
2052:Acetanilide
2043:Paracetamol
1977:Piritramide
1962:Phenazocine
1957:Phenadoxone
1947:Pentazocine
1942:Oliceridine
1937:Norpipanone
1906:+fluanisone
1887:Dimenoxadol
1867:Carfentanil
1862:Bezitramide
1857:Anileridine
1826:Papaveretum
1821:Oxymorphone
1815:+naltrexone
1777:Nicocodeine
1762:Levorphanol
1731:Hydrocodone
1688:Butorphanol
1633:+naltrexone
1014:(in German)
472:cancer pain
405:(excluding
403:Middle East
389:(excluding
372:cannabidiol
181:Identifiers
98:Trade names
87:Cannabinoid
83:Cannabidiol
76:Cannabinoid
4750:Categories
4374:LY-2183240
4369:Kaempferol
4284:modulators
4214:LY-2183240
4179:5'-DMH-CBD
4152:modulators
4098:AS-1269574
4093:AR-231,453
4083:Anandamide
4032:PSB-SB-487
3936:CID1792579
3931:CID1252842
3926:CID1011163
3834:Anandamide
3782:WIN 56,098
3777:WIN 54,461
3772:SR-144,528
3571:Cannabinol
3561:Anandamide
3444:Selonabant
3439:Rosonabant
3404:LY-320,135
3343:Taranabant
3338:Surinabant
3333:Rimonabant
3152:Cannabinol
3137:Anandamide
3069:(abridged,
3025:modulators
2938:Rimazolium
2933:Proglumide
2878:Analgecine
2815:Flupirtine
2758:Mexiletine
2739:Lacosamide
2716:Ziconotide
2711:Pregabalin
2701:Leconotide
2691:Gabapentin
2669:modulators
2652:Nabiximols
2615:Proquazone
2610:Nimesulide
2605:Nabumetone
2556:Nifenazone
2470:Guacetisal
2455:Diflunisal
2440:Benorylate
2374:Valdecoxib
2354:Etoricoxib
2285:Diclofenac
2275:Acemetacin
2244:Lornoxicam
2198:Loxoprofen
2185:Ketoprofen
2154:Fenoprofen
2119:Phenacetin
2097:+oxycodone
2087:+ibuprofen
2019:+celecoxib
2002:Tapentadol
1997:Sufentanil
1972:Piminodine
1922:Meptazinol
1917:Lofentanil
1892:Dipipanone
1847:Alfentanil
1807:+ibuprofen
1772:Nalbuphine
1742:+ibuprofen
1574:Analgesics
1516:2013-11-27
1318:2016-12-07
1313:Pharmafile
1137:(1): 227.
930:2008-08-08
662:: 119276.
582:2024-03-23
558:References
547:Dronabinol
512:dependence
370:(THC) and
344:spasticity
314:Nabiximols
241:K4H93P747O
196:56575-23-6
187:CAS Number
115:Oromucosal
31:Nabiximols
4701:receptor)
4344:Genistein
3941:CP 55,940
3706:Tedalinab
3686:S-444,823
3646:L-759,656
3641:L-759,633
3591:CP 55,940
3531:A-836,339
3526:A-834,735
3521:A-796,260
3429:PF-514273
3424:Otenabant
3414:NESS-0327
3384:Drinabant
3247:Menabitan
3237:L-759,633
3167:CP 55,940
3162:CP 47,497
3072:full list
2974:Phase III
2962:Withdrawn
2943:Tanezumab
2903:Clonidine
2898:Capsaicin
2752:lidocaine
2600:Glafenine
2561:Phenazone
2505:Salsalate
2435:Aloxiprin
2384:Fenamates
2369:Rofecoxib
2364:Parecoxib
2348:+tramadol
2341:Celecoxib
2323:Zomepirac
2308:Ketorolac
2280:Bromfenac
2259:Tenoxicam
2254:Piroxicam
2249:Meloxicam
2208:Oxaprozin
2164:Ibuprofen
2107:+tramadol
2062:Butacetin
1927:Methadone
1840:Synthetic
1811:+naloxone
1792:Oxycodone
1721:Etorphine
1682:+naloxone
1649:Paregoric
1492:256273374
1171:235496708
1082:Neurology
826:18 August
728:199505274
684:214785913
519:Licensing
108:Routes of
4721:See also
4475:JJKK 048
4465:ABX-1431
4234:SB-FI-26
4103:MBX-2982
4071:Agonists
3899:Agonists
3812:Agonists
3762:Honokiol
3656:Magnolol
3611:JTE 7-31
3586:CBS-0550
3489:Agonists
3348:TM-38837
3302:Yangonin
3272:Oleamide
3252:Nabilone
3202:Honokiol
3066:Agonists
3033:Receptor
2913:Ketamine
2792:Funapide
2787:DSP-2230
2647:Nabilone
2642:Cannabis
2546:Ampyrone
2318:Tolmetin
2313:Sulindac
2290:Etodolac
2268:Acetates
2239:Isoxicam
2213:Suprofen
2203:Naproxen
2077:+codeine
2012:Tramadol
2007:Tilidine
1987:Propiram
1902:Fentanyl
1882:Dezocine
1831:Thebacon
1803:+aspirin
1746:+aspirin
1644:Laudanum
1629:Morphine
1617:+aspirin
1484:36700997
1441:12617376
1406:16175440
1398:17086911
1355:15327042
1294:23141881
1253:23742737
1212:22483680
1163:34157999
1112:24778283
1063:19961570
720:31393180
676:32243971
542:Nabilone
531:See also
448:Almirall
401:and the
383:Novartis
327:Cannabis
307:Canadian
293:(verify)
221:44148067
123:ATC code
4706:ARN-272
4691:Others:
4578:LEI-106
4553:JZP-430
4548:JZP-169
4525:URB-602
4495:JZP-361
4490:JZL-195
4485:JZL-184
4434:URB-597
4419:TAK 21d
4394:PF-3845
4364:JZL-195
4264:WOBE492
4259:WOBE491
4254:WOBE490
4244:URB-597
4239:UCM-707
4199:Arvanil
4189:AM-1172
4118:Olvanil
3870:PSB-CB5
3767:JTE-907
3752:BML-190
3691:SER-601
3666:Nabitan
3636:JWH-133
3626:JWH-018
3621:JWH-015
3616:JWH-007
3556:AM-2232
3551:AM-1241
3546:AM-1235
3541:AM-1221
3536:AM-1172
3409:MK-9470
3369:AM-6545
3323:INV-202
3257:Nabitan
3227:JWH-073
3222:JWH-018
3217:JWH-015
3212:JWH-007
3142:Arvanil
3132:AM-2232
3127:AM-2201
3122:AM-1235
3117:AM-1221
3112:AM-1220
3107:AM-1172
3039:ligands
2918:Menthol
2893:Camphor
2770:(e.g.,
2763:Nefopam
2748:cocaine
2746:(e.g.,
2495:Salicin
2232:Oxicams
2057:Bucetin
2029:Viminol
1767:Metopon
1612:Codeine
1600:Opiates
1591:Opioids
1449:1414988
1363:1378674
1154:8218396
1103:4011465
1054:2793241
908:24 July
878:24 July
804:20 June
748:12 July
495:placebo
439:Denmark
435:Germany
334:in the
322:Sativex
207:PubChem
139:)
133: (
131:N02BG10
102:Sativex
18:Sativex
4664:Others
4614:ABHD12
4603:WWL-70
4598:UCM710
4510:MJN110
4500:KML 29
4480:JW 642
4444:PDP-EA
4429:UCM710
4424:TC-F 2
4399:PF-750
4324:AM-404
4316:AACOCF
4278:Enzyme
4249:VDM-11
4224:OMDM-2
4219:O-2093
4184:AM-404
4088:APD668
4062:GPR119
4027:O-1918
4022:ML-193
4017:ML-192
4012:ML-191
3971:O-1602
3966:ML-186
3961:ML-185
3956:ML-184
3921:AM-251
3911:2-ALPI
3875:O-1918
3854:O-1602
3844:NADGly
3747:AM-630
3701:UR-144
3661:MDA-19
3631:JWH-73
3606:HU-308
3434:PipISB
3419:O-2050
3318:AM-251
3292:UR-144
3267:O-1812
3232:Kavain
3207:HU-210
2957:WHO-EM
2871:Others
2583:Others
2569:
2518:
2344:
2298:
2188:
2175:
2167:
2134:NSAIDs
2015:
1795:
1734:
1706:
1678:
1490:
1482:
1447:
1439:
1404:
1396:
1361:
1353:
1292:
1251:
1210:
1169:
1161:
1151:
1110:
1100:
1061:
1051:
1037:: 59.
992:6 June
966:4 June
774:8 June
726:
718:
682:
674:
479:Poland
443:Sweden
407:Israel
399:Africa
166:
4593:ML296
4588:ML295
4583:ML294
4573:KT203
4568:KT195
4563:KT185
4558:KT182
4536:ABHD6
4414:SA-57
4409:SA-47
4164:eCBTs
3890:GPR55
3829:AM251
3802:GPR18
3797:NAGly
3581:CB-13
3454:VCHSR
3157:CB-13
2045:-type
1932:NFEPP
1639:Opium
1604:opium
1488:S2CID
1445:S2CID
1402:S2CID
1359:S2CID
1167:S2CID
724:S2CID
680:S2CID
600:(PDF)
431:Spain
395:Japan
391:China
379:Bayer
117:spray
4694:2-PG
4679:NAPE
4636:MAFP
4505:MAFP
4470:IDFP
4454:MAGL
4379:MAFP
4349:IDFP
4296:FAAH
3824:ACPA
3716:THCV
3671:NADA
3496:2-AG
3449:THCV
3262:NADA
3187:EGCG
3082:2-AG
1582:N02B
1578:N02A
1480:PMID
1437:PMID
1394:PMID
1351:PMID
1290:PMID
1249:PMID
1208:PMID
1159:PMID
1108:PMID
1059:PMID
994:2016
968:2015
910:2011
880:2011
828:2014
806:2011
776:2011
750:2012
716:PMID
672:PMID
393:and
387:Asia
385:for
318:USAN
232:UNII
4515:NAM
3182:ECG
3177:DEA
1472:doi
1429:doi
1386:doi
1343:doi
1280:doi
1239:doi
1198:doi
1149:PMC
1139:doi
1098:PMC
1090:doi
1049:PMC
1039:doi
708:doi
664:doi
660:581
409:).
397:),
257:EPA
211:CID
136:WHO
35:INN
4752::
3474:CB
3051:CB
2970::
2780:Na
2750:,
2021:,
1813:,
1809:,
1805:,
1801:,
1744:,
1740:,
1580:,
1486:.
1478:.
1468:79
1466:.
1443:.
1435:.
1425:17
1423:.
1400:.
1392:.
1382:12
1380:.
1357:.
1349:.
1339:10
1337:.
1311:.
1288:.
1276:46
1274:.
1270:.
1247:.
1235:47
1233:.
1229:.
1206:.
1194:13
1192:.
1188:.
1165:.
1157:.
1147:.
1135:21
1133:.
1129:.
1106:.
1096:.
1086:82
1084:.
1080:.
1057:.
1047:.
1033:.
1029:.
1002:^
896:.
866:.
844:.
792:.
767:.
722:.
714:.
704:16
702:.
678:.
670:.
658:.
639:.
620:.
602:.
574:.
481:.
474:.
450:.
366::
346:,
342:,
168:S8
162:AU
4699:1
4318:3
4286:)
4282:(
4154:)
4150:(
3804:)
3800:(
3476:2
3074:)
3053:1
3041:)
3037:(
3014:e
3007:t
3000:v
2782:v
2774:)
2754:)
2575:)
2571:(
2524:)
2520:(
2431:)
2427:(
2350:)
2346:(
2304:)
2300:(
2194:)
2190:(
2181:)
2177:(
2173:)
2169:(
2025:)
2017:(
1908:)
1904:(
1817:)
1797:(
1748:)
1736:(
1712:)
1708:(
1684:)
1680:(
1635:)
1631:(
1602:/
1584:)
1576:(
1566:e
1559:t
1552:v
1519:.
1494:.
1474::
1451:.
1431::
1408:.
1388::
1365:.
1345::
1321:.
1296:.
1282::
1255:.
1241::
1214:.
1200::
1173:.
1141::
1114:.
1092::
1065:.
1041::
1035:9
996:.
970:.
933:.
912:.
882:.
830:.
808:.
778:.
752:.
730:.
710::
686:.
666::
624:.
606:.
585:.
316:(
259:)
255:(
164::
37::
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
