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crowns, with the upper crown filling in as the tree reaches maturity. Trunks are relatively straight and vertical. Trunks may have deeply fluted buttresses near the ground. Shumard oak is typically found in lowland areas and is able to survive where the soils experience flooding for six weeks of the
586:, and prefers partial to full sunlight. Shumard oaks begin to bear seeds at a minimum of 25 years of age, and the optimum age for seed development is 50. They are known to have reached at least 480 years of age. The
471:
on the top, while their bottoms are a slightly lighter shade of green. The leaves turn brown to red in the fall and sometimes have hues of yellow mixed in. Fall colors are relatively late; specimens in central
463:
with 5–9 lobes, each of which is terminated by bristle-tipped teeth. The leaves mature to between 10 and 21 cm (4 and 8 in) in length. The surfaces are glabrous, except for the tufted
441:
of the
Shumard oak is light gray, very smooth, and very reflective. Shumard oak bark darkens and develops ridges and furrows as it ages. Occasionally, white splotches are seen on the bark.
495:, which typically reach up to 3 cm (1 in) in diameter. Acorns take between 1.5 and 3 years to fully mature and may go unnoticed during their early stages of development.
425:. Record Shumard oaks have been measured at up to 60 m (200 ft) tall, with crowns up to 27.5 m (90 ft) in width. Young specimens generally exhibit
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664:. With the Shumard Oak's ability to tolerate and thrive in a wide range of soil types, it is cultivated at least as far north as
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width typically reaches 12 to 18 m (39 to 59 ft) in width. Typical size varies according to region, with larger
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699:. According to one guide, the lumber of Shumard oak is considered "mechanically superior" to that of other red oaks.
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can attack all red oaks, including the
Shumard oak. Other diseases that attack Shumard oaks are various
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452:. The buds are lighter in color than the olive-green twigs. The young twig is highly reflective.
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901:. Vol. 3. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org,
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Mature
Shumard oaks typically reach heights of 25 to 35 metres (82 to 115 feet),
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County-level distribution map from the North
American Plant Atlas (NAPA)
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661:
50:
799:"Quercus shumardii Buckley | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science"
630:. The leaves and twigs can also provide browse for white-tailed deer.
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diameter is typically 60 to 100 centimetres (24 to 39 inches), and
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occurring in the southern portions of its native range in the
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394:, the assistant geologist of Texas, and named in honor of
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and west to central Texas; it is also found north in the
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333:
192:
895:. In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.).
598:
The acorns of the
Shumard oak provide food for various
386:
Shumard oak at Miami
University, where Shumard studied.
935:. Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team
480:
specimens may not color substantially until
February.
390:
The species was identified in an 1860 publication by
1007:. In Burns, Russell M.; Honkala, Barbara H. (eds.).
913:
695:, interior trim, decorative molding, paneling, and
660:Shumard oak is valued for commercial use and as a
476:may be at their most red in early December, while
1449:
853:Proceedings of the Natiional Academy of Sciences
741:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T194232A111279985.en
687:is grouped with other red oak lumber for use in
965:. Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
849:"Description of Several New Species of Plants"
785:Note that this website has been superseded by
1029:(USDA) – via Southern Research Station.
898:Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA)
716:Wenzell, K.; Kenny, L.; Jerome, D. (2017).
498:
919:
772:World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
271:
72:
40:
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672:and southern Quebec, and as far south as
459:are arranged alternately and are broadly
551:. It is found locally north to southern
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381:
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1027:United States Department of Agriculture
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846:
14:
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933:The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov)
886:
882:
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876:
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866:
822:Texas State Historical Association.
1458:IUCN Red List least concern species
727:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
491:Shumard oaks bear relatively large
24:
977:"Quercus shumardii - Plant Finder"
863:
847:Buckley, Samuel Botsford (1861) .
828:Texas State Historical Association
25:
1484:
927:Quercus shumardii
578:It is tolerant of wide ranges of
1386:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:284115-2
97:
49:Fall color of a planted tree in
981:www.missouribotanicalgarden.org
590:are intolerant to disturbance.
332:, is one of the largest of the
969:
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840:
815:
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402:and later served as the State
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13:
1:
702:
640:that can grow on the leaves,
503:Shumard oak is native to the
1023:United States Forest Service
859:: 443–445 – via JSTOR.
824:"Shumard, Benjamin Franklin"
348:). It is closely related to
7:
907:Harvard University Herbaria
567:, and the extreme south of
10:
1489:
803:Plants of the World Online
777:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
593:
448:terminate in a cluster of
280:Generalized natural range
1468:Trees of Northern America
1046:
903:Missouri Botanical Garden
396:Benjamin Franklin Shumard
360:(Nuttall's red oak), and
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284:
279:
270:
253:
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94:Scientific classification
92:
70:
61:
48:
39:
34:
1473:Plants described in 1861
1015:Silvics of North America
887:Nixon, Kevin C. (1997).
517:Mississippi River Valley
499:Distribution and habitat
734:: e.T194232A111279985.
655:
539:, western and southern
392:Samuel Botsford Buckley
905:, St. Louis, MO &
505:Atlantic coastal plain
488:
387:
379:
999:Edwards, M B (1990).
602:, game birds such as
486:
467:axils. They are dark
385:
377:
64:Conservation status
27:Species of oak tree
787:World Flora Online
489:
388:
380:
366:(Chisos red oak).
1445:
1444:
1337:Quercus shumardii
1319:Open Tree of Life
1078:Quercus shumardii
1048:Quercus shumardii
1040:Taxon identifiers
1003:Quercus shumardii
957:Quercus shumardii
891:Quercus shumardii
765:Quercus shumardii
720:Quercus shumardii
616:white-tailed deer
584:drought-resistant
580:pH levels in soil
398:, who studied at
354:(Texas red oak),
309:Quercus shumardii
305:
304:
299:
295:Quercus schneckii
257:Quercus shumardii
239:Q. shumardii
87:
16:(Redirected from
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400:Miami University
378:Leaves in summer
363:Quercus gravesii
351:Quercus buckleyi
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1017:. Vol. 2.
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650:shoestring root
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507:primarily from
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326:Shumard red oak
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1435:wfo-0000293271
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781:The Plant List
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657:
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648:diseases, and
642:powdery mildew
622:, and various
595:
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509:North Carolina
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487:Maturing acorn
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357:Quercus texana
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423:United States
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330:swamp red oak
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248:Binomial name
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79:Least Concern
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1002:
984:. Retrieved
980:
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949:
937:. Retrieved
932:
926:
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897:
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856:
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842:
831:. Retrieved
827:
817:
806:. Retrieved
802:
793:
779:– via
770:
764:
757:
745:. Retrieved
731:
725:
719:
711:
683:Shumard oak
682:
659:
632:
597:
577:
557:Pennsylvania
511:to northern
502:
490:
454:
444:Shumard oak
443:
436:
408:
389:
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349:
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35:Shumard oak
29:
1293:NatureServe
1205:iNaturalist
1072:Wikispecies
747:19 November
604:wild turkey
555:, southern
531:, southern
519:to central
406:of Texas.
370:Description
322:Schneck oak
318:spotted oak
314:Shumard oak
137:Angiosperms
18:Shumard oak
1452:Categories
1360:kew-175148
1355:Plant List
1106:Calflora:
986:2020-10-09
921:USDA, NRCS
833:2024-09-12
808:2024-09-12
703:References
662:shade tree
620:feral hogs
563:, western
523:, eastern
437:The young
201:Subgenus:
51:Sombrerete
1171:233501082
1010:Hardwoods
697:cabinetry
693:furniture
628:squirrels
612:waterfowl
600:songbirds
549:Tennessee
419:specimens
404:Geologist
233:Species:
217:Section:
107:Kingdom:
57:, Mexico
55:Zacatecas
1419:VASCAN:
1412:13100127
1407:Tropicos
1298:2.158440
1236:10243676
1223:284115-2
1063:Q4112184
1057:Wikidata
1025:(USFS),
923:(n.d.).
767:Buckley"
689:flooring
634:Oak wilt
626:such as
582:. It is
565:New York
561:Maryland
553:Michigan
545:Kentucky
533:Illinois
529:Missouri
521:Oklahoma
344:section
298:Britton
286:Synonyms
264:Buckland
222:Quercus
206:Quercus
183:Fagaceae
179:Family:
150:Eudicots
84:IUCN 3.1
1463:Quercus
1280:MoBotPF
1184:2878289
1135:1151280
939:5 March
678:Florida
670:Ontario
624:rodents
594:Ecology
569:Ontario
537:Indiana
513:Florida
478:Florida
461:obovate
346:Lobatae
342:Quercus
340:group (
338:red oak
226:Lobatae
210:Quercus
194:Quercus
189:Genus:
173:Fagales
169:Order:
111:Plantae
82: (
1368:PLANTS
1324:691478
1311:262619
1285:280724
1262:194232
1158:queshu
1155:FEIS:
1086:AoFP:
685:lumber
666:Ottawa
646:canker
573:Canada
547:, and
525:Kansas
493:acorns
457:leaves
434:year.
312:, the
163:Rosids
1399:23744
1344:PFI:
1249:19417
1231:IRMNG
1210:54786
1197:70539
1148:QUESH
1122:4R64C
1109:12829
1096:APA:
638:fungi
608:quail
588:roots
474:Texas
469:green
446:twigs
431:ovate
427:conic
415:crown
411:trunk
328:, or
224:sect.
208:subg.
157:Clade
144:Clade
131:Clade
118:Clade
1422:5971
1381:POWO
1373:QUSH
1347:8589
1332:PfaF
1306:NCBI
1272:1384
1257:IUCN
1244:ITIS
1218:IPNI
1192:GRIN
1179:GBIF
1143:EPPO
1099:2182
1089:3359
941:2015
749:2021
732:2017
656:Uses
606:and
541:Ohio
465:vein
455:The
450:buds
439:bark
1430:WFO
1394:RHS
1166:FNA
1130:EoL
1117:CoL
736:doi
429:or
334:oak
1454::
1432::
1409::
1396::
1383::
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20:)
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