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the computer's enhanced data-storing and analytical abilities into various phases of the design process. Through these initiatives, SOM was able to identify the potential of the computer to not only expedite necessary calculations but also introduce new ways of representing and sharing information. Just as structural engineering came to be seen early on at SOM as a means of generating rather than simply realizing architectural ideas, with concerted effort, computers gained credence at the firm, and eventually throughout the industry, as a catalyst for architectural innovation.
1056:, a new business district. SOM devised the master plan, and over three decades designed several of the site's 14 buildings. In order to build high-rise structures atop one of the city's busiest stations and its railyard, SOM's structural engineering team devised a deck over the tracks to allow for various building configurations on top. Exchange House, completed in 1990, is a building that acts as a bridge spanning the tracks. In 2008, Broadgate Tower, the district's tallest building, was completed. SOM also designed public space enhancements for the area.
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1036:. The goals were to revitalize the Oregon city's downtown area, to encourage the use of mass transit, and create walkable streets. The Transit Mall helped to change the perception of downtown Portland. As one of the first projects of its kind in the United States, it helped to usher in an era of streetscape design that prioritizes people. Another important commission in the 1970s was as the lead design firm for the
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1063:, which opened in 2004 and has become one of the city's most visited attractions. Constructed above bus lanes, parking garages, and a rail yard, Millennium Park can be considered the world's largest roof garden. Below the great lawn, two new levels of parking were built, bus stops were added, and rail stations were renovated and expanded, including
1052:. The massive scale of the project led to the opening of SOM's London office in 1986. The firm's work at Canary Wharf continued into the new millennium, with the completion of Five Canada Square in 2002. In central London, the opportunity to build above rail lines near Liverpool Street Station spurred the construction of
517:, who is often considered to be the greatest structural engineer of the 20th century. Khan invented a tubular framing system that made it possible to build higher than ever before. This system has been adapted and is still used today for some of the world's most recent tallest buildings, including the 828-meter-tall
1141:, had a forty-year tenure at SOM. The designer of the iconic Andover chair, Allen was an institution in "the profession he helped to establish—the total design of the interior corporate environment with furniture, art, and functional and decorative objects integrated into a comprehensively planned space."
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SOM is structured as a partnership. The current partners and consulting partners are: Mustafa Abadan, William Baker, Thomas Behr, Keith
Boswell, Carrie Byles, Larry Chien, Leo Chow, Brant Coletta, Chris Cooper, Paul Danna, Michael Duncan, Scott Duncan, Laura Ettelman, Xuan Fu, T.J. Gottesdiener, Gary
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In 1969, SOM founder
Nathaniel Owings wrote, "Civilizations leave marks on the Earth by which they are known and judged. In large measure, the nature of their immortality is gauged by how well their builders made peace with the environment." (source: Nathaniel Owings, "The American Aesthetic," Harper
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in London. Intended to accommodate a flourishing financial sector and revitalize London's former
Docklands, the plan included more than 20 building sites and a host of public spaces and amenities. The plan also provided for a robust transportation network including a light rail station that connects
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was first established in 1979 with the mission to support and cultivate emerging design leaders by granting awards to outstanding students of architecture, design, urban design, and engineering. Many winners of SOM Foundation awards have gone on to distinguish themselves in professional and academic
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The activity of an experimental research group at SOM, known as the
Computer Group, exemplifies a particularly productive effort within the firm to incorporate technological research into its practice. Through the 1970s and 1980s, members of the relatively small, dedicated group pushed to integrate
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into a major regional hub. 20 acres of former rail yards have been converted into a transit-oriented urban district that orchestrates light rail, pedestrian, bicycle, and bus routes, as well as commuter and intercity rail. Completed in 2014, the project has spurred more than $ 3.5 billion worth of
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Since the firm's founding, SOM has led large-scale urban design and planning projects. Many of these projects have had a lasting role in the development of cities and urban areas in
America and the world, including London, Chicago, New York City, Washington, D.C., Baltimore, Denver, and Portland,
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appointed
Nathaniel Owings as chair of the Pennsylvania Avenue redesign council, and the resulting 1966 Washington Mall Master Plan laid the framework for a dynamic, inviting, and pedestrian-friendly place. A second master plan developed in 1973, envisioned the construction of major cultural
1916:"SOM Restarts Moynihan Station Project | Architect Magazine | Design, Projects, Infrastructure Projects, Community Projects, Urbanization, Urban Planning, New York, NY, Andrew M. Cuomo, Daniel Patrick Moynihan, Skidmore Owings & Merrill, McKim, Mead & White, New York"
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to make way for the planned construction of an elevated highway. As the chair of a team to develop an alternate plan, Nathaniel Owings convinced the
Federal Highway Administration to sign off on a plan to reroute the highway. It was eventually built around the harbor and the historic
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In the 1960s and 1970s, SOM was an early leader in computer-aided design, developing in-house digital tools that preceded the CAD systems used widely today. This work quickly proved valuable in the generation of structural analysis tools that were embraced by
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When Julia Murphy, AIA joined SOM in 2008 there were no women partners and only a handful of directors. To attempt to address this imbalance, in 2010 she relaunched the Women's
Initiative at SOM which had previously been active between 2002 and 2004.
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Throughout its history, SOM has been recognized with more than 2000 awards for quality and innovation. In
November 1990, SOM was placed on the cover of Interior Design Magazine for The Top Ten, Winner Of IBA. In 1996 and 1962, SOM received the
958:, which recognizes the design work of an entire firm. SOM is the only firm to have received this honor twice. In August 2009 SOM received four of 13 available R+D Awards from Architect Magazine. In addition, a collaboration between SOM and
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wrote that, "It gave architectural expression to an age just as the age was being born ... Lever House was an uncontrollable success, imitated and sometimes understood all over the
Americanized world, and one of the sights of New York".
2586:"Late SOM Architect Bruce Graham Honored: In Recognition of Graham's 40-Year Career in Chicago, The Tribute to the Mastermind of the Willis (Sears) Tower and John Hancock Center Included the Dedication of Honorary Bruce J. Graham Way"
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In 1980, an in-house team at SOM created Architecture Engineering Systems, a computer program that was used to study complex structural systems and energy demands. This program is regarded as a precursor to the array of
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Gordon Bunshaft, who thrived as a design leader at SOM for more than 40 years, received the profession's highest honor, the Pritzker Architecture Prize, in 1988. Notable architects who are associated with SOM include:
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in San Francisco, the East Riverfront in Detroit; P.S. 62, the first net-zero-energy school in New York City; and the design of the Moon Village, a concept for the first permanent lunar settlement, developed with the
2823:"Oral History of Brigitte Peterhans / Interviewed by Betty J. Blum, Compiled Under the Auspices of the Ryerson and Burnham Libraries, The Art Institute of Chicago. :: Chicago Architects Oral History Project"
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SOM's projects have featured works of art by significant artists. In many cases, the firm's architects and engineers played a role in commissioning, engineering, and installing the artworks—such as with the
639:. Built between 1958 and 1968, the campus broke from the traditions of West Point and Annapolis to become the first U.S. military academy designed in the modern style. The centerpiece of the campus is the
941:(1995). The SOM Foundation continues to support emerging design leaders and interdisciplinary research with five annual awards granted to students from the United States, the United Kingdom, and China.
509:(formerly Sears Tower), which became the world's tallest structure upon its completion in 1973 and remained so for more than 20 years. Both towers are the result of collaboration between architect
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certification. Like Weyerhaeuser, the design of the campus works in concert with its natural surroundings and incorporates a range of design strategies to reduce its environmental impact.
667:, completed in 1971, which has been called the "original green building" not only for its integration into the surrounding landscape, but also for its use of efficient building systems.
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Skidmore, Owings & Merrill photographs, circa 1945–1969 Held in the Dept. of Drawings & Archives, Avery Architectural & Fine Arts Library, Columbia University, New York City
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706:. SOM has been recognized for its research and experimentation with new energy-saving and carbon-reducing technologies, inckuding a timber tower and a modified concrete slab design.
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992:. By 1945, the town was home to 75,000 people. The work at Oak Ridge prepared SOM to take on the large-scale architectural and planning projects that would define the postwar era.
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was lined with masonry buildings, Lever House introduced a modernist aesthetic that embodied the spirit of the times and influenced an entire generation of high-rise construction.
651:, conferred onto "a building that has set a precedent for the last 25 to 35 years and continues to set standards of excellence for its architectural design and significance" .
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831:, an African-American, was hired by SOM in 1955 after having been previously rejected by 19 other firms. She stayed there for 5 years, eventually starting her own firm.
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spent her 30-year career with SOM including many leadership roles but never achieved partner status, perceived by a colleague in the Denver officer as evidence of the "
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The year 2020 marked a change in which three female partners, Carrie Byles, Xuan Fu, and Laura Ettelman were named to the executive committee of the 1250-person firm.
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1114:. Indeed, Khan is responsible for developing the algorithms that made the Hancock building and many subsequent skyscrapers possible. Another notable SOM engineer is
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827:, but only her husband received a job offer. In an interview later in life, Sally Harkness explained that she was told the firm did not believe in hiring women.
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and the suburbs. SOM's design for 28 Liberty Street also created a plaza surrounding the tower, a novel concept that would be adapted in many future projects.
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are among the artists whose work has been a part of SOM projects. More recently, SOM's architects and engineers have collaborated with artists such as
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1122:(Dubai, 2010), the world's tallest man-made structure. To support the tower's record heights and slim footprint, he developed the "
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in New York City, the first international style bank building in the United States, Seven years later, in 1960, the firm completed
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school building in New York City and one of the first worldwide. The Kathleen Grimm School for Leadership and Sustainability at
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Haney, Craig Hartman, Kent Jackson, Colin Koop, Kenneth Lewis, Mark Sarkisian, Adam Semel, Jonathan Stein, and Douglas Voigt.
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1016:. In Baltimore in the 1960s, SOM played a pivotal role in preventing the destruction of the city's historic districts and
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1886:"Citi Opens Public Plaza in NYC's TriBeCa Neighborhood as Part of Renovation of Global Headquarters – MarketWatch"
418:, SOM has designed some of the world's most significant architectural and urban projects including several of the
2016:"Skidmore, Owings & Merrill Proposes a Moon Village for Permanent Lunar Settlement | Architect Magazine"
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988:. In 1942, SOM was hired by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for a highly confidential project: the planning of
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414:. Notable for its role as a pioneer of modernist architecture in America and for its groundbreaking work in
210:, Thomas Behr, Keith Boswell, Carrie Byles, Larry Chien, Leo Chow, Brant Coletta, Chris Cooper, Paul Danna,
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655:& Row, 1969) This ethos has shaped the firm's journey into sustainable practices. An early example is
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1067:. The project revitalized a formerly blighted downtown site and marked the completion of Chicago planner
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Oregon. SOM's City Design practice has made influential contributions to urban design approaches such as
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SOM's multidisciplinary practice works across a range of scales and project types, providing services in
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1126:" structural system, consisting of a hexagonal core reinforced by three buttresses that form a Y shape.
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2318:"Continuing Education: The Kathleen Grimm School for Leadership and Sustainability at Sandy Ground"
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In the 1970s, SOM pioneered a new era of skyscraper design with its work in Chicago, including the
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Adams, Nicholas. "Skidmore, Owings & Merrill: The Experiment since 1936." Milan: Electa. 2006.
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1966:"Skidmore, Owings & Merrill Chosen to Design Two New Satellite Concourses at O'Hare Airport"
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401:; urban master plans for the Charenton-Bercy district in Paris, New Covent Garden in London,
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2002:"P.S. 62 Kathleen Grimm School for Leadership and Sustainability | Architect Magazine"
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Women of Steel and Stone: 22 Inspirational Architects, Engineers, And Landscape Designers
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and his engineering team, aiding the design of projects such as the John Hancock Center.
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Grunstrom, Judy. "Just Judy: The history, the design and the holes in the Metrodome,"
2485:"David Childs, SOM Architect, Presents Final Design for the Freedom Tower – June 2007"
694:, has been awarded for its sustainability performance by organizations, including the
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For more than 20 years, SOM was involved in the development of a master plan for the
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3029:"Architect Magazine Names SOM Its Number One Architecture Firm in the United States"
226:, Kent Jackson, Colin Koop, Kenneth Lewis, Adam Semel, Jonathan Stein, Douglas Voigt
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1404:, Center for Character and Leadership Development, Colorado Springs, Colorado, 2016
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In 2007, the firm completed a large-scale sustainable architecture project for the
620:. The 28 Liberty Street project helped reverse an exodus of corporate clients from
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647:. The American Institute of Architects awarded the building with its prestigious
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2180:"Chase Bank Opens 64-Story Tower; New Building Downtown Is 6Th Tallest in World"
1095:, another engineer at SOM, is best known for his design and construction of the
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office building in New York City. Constructed of glass and steel at a time when
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In Denver, SOM was commissioned to expand and transform the city's historic
1984:"SOM Unveils Revised Design for $ 1.5 Billion Kansas City Airport Terminal"
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2362:"Award: Stereoform Slab's Optimized Structure Reduces Embodied Concrete"
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Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum – Skidmore, Owings & Merrill.
3120:"Third Annual R+D Awards: San Francisco Digital Context Analysis Model"
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2096:"Building on the Legacy of Technological and Architectural Innovation"
2030:"100 Tallest Completed Buildings in the World – The Skyscraper Center"
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616:, the first International Style building to rise in New York City's
3209:
Engineer Bill Baker Is the King of Superstable 150-Story Structures
2772:"Pécsi Eszter 100 | Budapesti Műszaki ÉS Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem"
1644:, King Abdul Aziz International Airport, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 1981
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Beginning in the 1980s, SOM planned the design and construction of
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Review of the 1954 Manufacturer's Hanover Trust Branch Bank in NYC
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The firm's notable current work includes the new headquarters for
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2098:. Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP. April 2019. Archived from
1800:(Pepsi-Cola Corporation World Headquarters), New York City, 1960
2463:"Gordon Bunshaft Interviewed by Betty J. Blum, April 4–7, 1989"
2405:"Natalie De Blois Interviewed by Detlef Mertins, June 17, 2004"
1335:
1229:
660:
445:, building services/MEP engineering, digital design, graphics,
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3138:"Third Annual R+D Awards: Active Phytoremediation Wall System"
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2275:"United States Air Force Academy (U.S. National Park Service)"
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549:, a 50-foot-tall steel sculpture in the city's civic center.
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3066:"Third Annual R+D Awards: Sustainable Form-Inclusion System"
1380:, Innovation Partnership Building, Storrs, Connecticut, 2018
3222:"Davis Allen, 82, a Designer Of Modern Business Interiors,"
2724:"Walter Netsch Interviewed by Detlef Mertins, May 21, 2001"
680:
3305:
Skidmore, Owings & Merrill Architecture on Google Maps
2913:. Historic New England. Event occurs at 00:23:04 minutes.
2907:
Sarah Pillsbury Harkness: Legacy of Craft Within Modernism
2546:"Myron Goldsmith: Keating Hall at IIT, By Nicholas Adams"
214:, Michael Duncan, Scott Duncan, Laura Ettelman, Xuan Fu,
2336:"New Timber Tower Research Validated By Successful Test"
1028:
In the 1970s, SOM collaborated with landscape architect
434:(2014, currently the seventh tallest in the world), and
2069:. Landmarks Preservation Commission. November 9, 1982.
3292:
1947:"Waldorf Astoria Renovation Moves into Its Next Phase"
1868:"First Look at Disney's SOM-Designed Hudson Square HQ"
1203:
Uris Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York (1972)
2986:. The Journal of the American Institute of Architects
278:
2879:. Chicago, Illinois: Chicago Review Press. pp.
1782:(Chase Manhattan Bank Building), New York City, 1961
1584:(formerly Pavilhão Atlântico) Lisbon, Portugal, 1998
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district, saving these irreplaceable neighborhoods.
430:(1973, tallest in the world for over twenty years),
64:, and by adding encyclopedic content written from a
925:careers. Past winners include Marion Weiss (1982),
385:complex, and the restoration and renovation of the
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330:, in 1937 and has since expanded, with offices in
1432:Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport
1268:Greenland Shandong International Financial Center
3316:
3190:Art of the Skyscraper: the Genius of Fazlur Khan
1842:New Town Master Plan, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 1949
1754:(formerly the Brunswick Building), Chicago, 1964
1151:List of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill buildings
1079:private investment in the surrounding district.
438:(2010, currently the world's tallest building).
426:(1969, second tallest in the world when built),
3265:
3156:"Union Station TOD Project | RTD – Denver"
3047:http://www.aia.org/practicing/awards/AIAS075259
2521:"In Memory: Robert Diamant, Former SOM Partner"
2220:New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission
1760:, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 1963
1484:Smithsonian National Museum of American History
679:, the first federal office building to receive
2797:"Research | The Art Institute of Chicago"
2708:. The Art Institute of Chicago. Archived from
2642:. The Art Institute of Chicago. Archived from
2606:. The Art Institute of Chicago. Archived from
2570:. The Art Institute of Chicago. Archived from
2447:. The Art Institute of Chicago. Archived from
2429:. The Art Institute of Chicago. Archived from
2389:. The Art Institute of Chicago. Archived from
3260:(Minneapolis, MN), Friday, December 17, 2010.
3237:Service, New York Times News (May 24, 1999).
2568:"Oral History of Myron Goldsmith (1918–1996)"
2445:"Oral History of Gordon Bunshaft (1909–1990)"
1578:, International Terminal, San Francisco, 2000
1544:, Upper School, Greenwich, Connecticut, 2002
1410:, Chinatown Branch, Chicago, Illinois, 2015
974:
964:Center for Architecture, Science and Ecology
819:in 1947, was interviewed at the firm during
2706:"Oral History of Walter Netsch (1920–2008)"
2640:"Oral History of Gertrude Kerbis (B. 1926)"
2133:
1718:and Printing Plant, Columbus, Indiana, 1971
1570:International Arrivals Building, Terminal 4
1059:SOM designed the master plan for Chicago's
888:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
27:American architectural and engineering firm
3084:"Third Annual R+D Awards: Oasis Generator"
2604:"Oral History of Bruce Graham (1925–2010)"
2123:"Modernist Landmark Behind a Court Battle"
1810:Connecticut General Life Insurance Company
1374:, The Milstein Center, New York City, 2018
102:
3102:"Third Annual R+D Awards: Pin-Fuse Joint"
2977:
2930:Pioneering Women of American Architecture
1944:
1758:Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library
1082:
908:Learn how and when to remove this message
521:, designed by SOM and completed in 2010.
478:The firm's first influential project was
84:Learn how and when to remove this message
3004:
2980:"Best Practices: Closing the Gender Gap"
2959:. Beverly Willis Architecture Foundation
2932:. Beverly Willis Architecture Foundation
2177:
2120:
1963:
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1014:National Gallery of Art Sculpture Garden
839:" that was in place at that time at SOM
541:(BIM) tools now used by the profession.
482:, completed in 1952 to become the first
326:. The firm opened its second office, in
322:. In 1939, they were joined by engineer
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2978:Dickinson, Elizabeth (April 16, 2015).
2746:"Architecture+ Awards | 2004 Jury"
2359:
1118:, who is best known as the engineer of
999:in Washington, D.C. In 1962, President
14:
3317:
3192:, Rizzoli International Publications,
2843:
2360:Shapiro, Gideon Fink (July 12, 2020).
2121:Pogrebin, Robin (September 28, 2011).
1366:The Stratford / Manhattan Loft Gardens
389:in New York City; airport projects at
45:contains content that is written like
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1865:
1680:(formerly Sears Tower), Chicago, 1974
1614:Redevelopment, Washington, D.C., 1986
1566:John F. Kennedy International Airport
1514:, Terminal 3, Changi, Singapore, 2007
1502:Toronto Pearson International Airport
1038:Boston Transportation Planning Review
1010:Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden
412:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
3340:Design companies established in 1936
3239:"Interior Architect Davis Allen, 82"
2387:"Edward Charles Bassett (1921–1999)"
1816:Manufacturers Trust Company Building
1466:John Jay College of Criminal Justice
1252:Newark Liberty International Airport
886:adding citations to reliable sources
853:
602:Manufacturers Trust Company Building
29:
3330:Architecture firms based in Chicago
3031:. SOM.com. May 2010. Archived from
2844:Keegan, Edward (October 27, 2006).
2748:. Arcplusonline.com. Archived from
2076:from the original on March 28, 2024
1752:Cook County Administration Building
1706:Weyerhaeuser Corporate Headquarters
1576:San Francisco International Airport
1474:, Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 2010
1440:– Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 2013
1144:
24:
3045:List of AIA Firm Award Recipients
2950:
2923:
2427:"Oral History of Natalie De Blois"
2178:Grutzner, Charles (May 18, 1961).
1945:Rosenberg, Zoe (August 21, 2018).
1776:, Colorado Springs, Colorado, 1962
1538:Master Plan, Shanghai, China, 2004
1129:
966:, was honored with a fifth award.
416:skyscraper design and construction
296:Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP
25:
3361:
3284:
3005:Stephens, Suzanne (May 1, 2020).
2660:. fazlurrkhan.com. Archived from
1434:– Terminal 2, Mumbai, India, 2014
1071:'s 100-year vision for the area.
849:
686:In 2015, SOM completed the first
493:In 1962, architectural historian
395:Kansas City International Airport
2957:Pioneering Women in Architecture
2242:"The Chase: Portrait of a Giant"
2152:. February 2, 1960. p. 56.
1866:Plitt, Amy (November 13, 2019).
1560:Ben Gurion International Airport
1099:(formerly the Sears Tower), and
960:Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
956:American Institute of Architects
858:
696:American Institute of Architects
600:In 1953, the firm completed the
399:Kempegowda International Airport
314:firm. It was founded in 1936 by
34:
3345:1936 establishments in Illinois
3249:
3230:
3214:
3202:
3182:
3170:
3148:
3130:
3112:
3094:
3076:
3058:
3039:
3021:
2998:
2971:
2944:
2917:
2897:
2864:
2837:
2815:
2789:
2764:
2738:
2716:
2698:
2676:
2650:
2632:
2614:
2596:
2578:
2560:
2538:
2513:
2495:
2477:
2455:
2437:
2419:
2397:
2379:
2353:
2328:
2310:
2285:
2267:
2234:
2205:
2171:
2114:
2088:
2056:
2047:
1964:Spielman, Fran (July 8, 2019).
1812:, Bloomfield, Connecticut, 1957
1774:United States Air Force Academy
1740:Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum
1348:United Nations Office at Geneva
1264:, Sweden (ongoing) (clear 2024)
1107:that remain fundamental to all
806:
719:Founders and notable architects
670:
637:United States Air Force Academy
635:, SOM planned a campus for the
608:. In 1961, the firm completed
473:
3325:Skidmore, Owings & Merrill
2293:"Twenty-Five Year Award – AIA"
2022:
2008:
1994:
1976:
1957:
1938:
1908:
1878:
1859:
1702:, New Orleans, Louisiana, 1972
1668:, White Plains, New York, 1977
1654:Louise M. Davies Symphony Hall
1638:, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 1982
1254:, Newark, New Jersey (ongoing)
1087:The earliest SOM engineer was
969:
420:tallest buildings in the world
373:, the global headquarters for
18:Skidmore, Owings & Merrill
13:
1:
2730:. Hatje Cantz. Archived from
2688:Alliance Française de Chicago
2552:. Hatje Cantz. Archived from
2505:. May 1, 2006. Archived from
2469:. Hatje Cantz. Archived from
2411:. Hatje Cantz. Archived from
1852:
1608:, Boston, Massachusetts, 1986
1490:Cathedral of Christ the Light
1105:designs of structural systems
1006:National Air and Space Museum
606:Pepsi-Cola World Headquarters
539:building information modeling
2904:Cox, Wendy (June 17, 2021).
2825:. Digital-libraries.saic.edu
2503:"Ground Zero's Saving Grace"
1636:Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome
1512:Changi International Airport
982:transit-oriented development
817:The Architects Collaborative
391:O'Hare International Airport
7:
2799:. Artic.edu. Archived from
2322:www.architecturalrecord.com
2213:"One Chase Manhattan Plaza"
2142:"Pepsi-Cola Dedicates Home"
1742:, Oakland, California, 1966
1736:, Oakland, California, 1966
1492:, Oakland, California, 2008
1462:, Kuwait City, Kuwait, 2011
1392:Master Plan, New York City,
984:, overbuild strategies and
692:Sandy Ground, Staten Island
136:; 88 years ago
10:
3366:
3007:"Women Take Charge at SOM"
1786:Veterans Memorial Coliseum
1620:, Seoul, South Korea, 1985
1550:Master Plan, Chicago, 2002
1356:, Busan, South Korea, 2019
1182:Veterans Memorial Coliseum
1148:
1004:facilities, including the
657:the corporate headquarters
633:Colorado Springs, Colorado
468:
2846:"Adrian Smith Leaves SOM"
1920:www.architectmagazine.com
1822:Naval Station Great Lakes
1764:Albright-Knox Art Gallery
1748:, Brussels, Belgium, 1964
1716:Republic Newspaper Office
1626:Improvement Project, 1985
1386:, Brussels, Belgium, 2017
1378:University of Connecticut
1184:, Portland, Oregon (1960)
1137:, a pioneer in corporate
975:Urban design and planning
944:
709:
610:One Chase Manhattan Plaza
273:
265:
230:
200:
190:
179:
153:
130:
120:
110:
101:
1848:, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1948
1788:, Portland, Oregon, 1960
1662:, Calgary, Alberta, 1979
1632:, Washington, D.C., 1984
1562:, Tel Aviv, Israel, 2002
1486:, Washington, D.C., 2008
1456:, Guangzhou, China, 2013
1428:, Denver, Colorado, 2014
815:, a founding partner at
643:, designed by architect
237:, building services/MEP
3277:Retrieved July 1, 2022.
3262:Retrieved July 1, 2022.
3052:April 15, 2016, at the
2926:"Norma Merrick Sklarek"
1368:, London, England, 2018
1294:, South Korea (ongoing)
1032:to plan and design the
952:Architecture Firm Award
823:along with her husband
371:The Walt Disney Company
3009:. Architectural Record
2953:"Patricia Weston Swan"
1792:Union Carbide Building
1686:, Houston, Texas, 1972
1648:PNC Center (Cleveland)
1480:, Nanjing, China, 2010
1420:One World Trade Center
1408:Chicago Public Library
1402:U.S. Air Force Academy
1354:Haeundae LCT The Sharp
1288:Busan Lotte Town Tower
1237:
1226:
1215:
1204:
1196:
1185:
1174:
1163:
1162:, New York City (1952)
1083:Structural engineering
730:Edward Charles Bassett
649:Twenty-five Year Award
451:structural engineering
432:One World Trade Center
247:structural engineering
3350:Skyscraper architects
3166:on December 20, 2019.
2694:on September 3, 2011.
2491:on February 28, 2015.
1836:, New York City, 1951
1830:, New York City, 1952
1818:, New York City, 1954
1804:Inland Steel Building
1794:, New York City, 1954
1730:, New York City, 1967
1660:First Canadian Centre
1656:, San Francisco, 1980
1602:, New York City, 1989
1596:, New York City, 1990
1572:, New York City, 2001
1556:, New York City, 2002
1532:, New York City, 2004
1526:, New York City, 2006
1496:U.S. Embassy, Beijing
1468:, New York City, 2011
1450:, New York City, 2013
1422:, New York City, 2014
1416:, San Francisco, 2015
1344:, New York City, 2020
1242:Milan Olympic Village
1232:
1221:
1210:
1202:
1191:
1180:
1169:
1158:
1149:Further information:
1034:Portland Transit Mall
829:Norma Merrick Sklarek
802:Marilyn Jordan Taylor
794:Norma Merrick Sklarek
700:Municipal Art Society
587:Iñigo Manglano–Ovalle
505:(completed 1970) and
408:European Space Agency
125:Professional services
66:neutral point of view
3335:Modernist architects
3178:SOM company history.
2871:Lewis, Anna (2014).
2734:on October 16, 2009.
2034:skyscrapercenter.com
1990:. September 5, 2019.
1896:on December 19, 2019
1524:7 World Trade Center
1520:, Tokyo, Japan, 2007
1426:Denver Union Station
1326:United Arab Emirates
1304:, Thailand (ongoing)
990:Oak Ridge, Tennessee
986:sustainable urbanism
882:improve this section
833:Patricia Weston Swan
704:Urban Land Institute
269:$ 347 million (2021)
2684:"App: Calendar.asp"
2664:on January 16, 2012
2626:Wall Street Journal
2622:"Hartman's Designs"
2473:on January 6, 2011.
2249:Architectural Forum
2222:. February 10, 2009
1926:on January 17, 2016
1846:Terrace Plaza Hotel
1722:John Hancock Center
1666:Texaco Headquarters
1600:One Worldwide Plaza
1342:Moynihan Train Hall
1193:John Hancock Center
1101:John Hancock Center
503:John Hancock Center
484:International Style
424:John Hancock Center
379:Moynihan Train Hall
98:
58:promotional content
3243:chicagotribune.com
3160:www.rtd-denver.com
3142:Architect Magazine
3124:Architect Magazine
3106:Architect Magazine
3088:Architect Magazine
3070:Architect Magazine
2951:Mäkelä, Taisto H.
2924:Morton, Patricia.
2911:(recorded lecture)
2850:Architect Magazine
2712:on April 18, 2012.
2646:on April 17, 2012.
2592:on August 6, 2011.
2574:on April 17, 2012.
2556:on April 24, 2012.
2451:on April 17, 2012.
2433:on April 17, 2012.
2415:on April 15, 2012.
2393:on April 17, 2012.
2366:Architect Magazine
2255:(1): 71. July 1961
2184:The New York Times
2150:The New York Times
2127:The New York Times
1712:, Washington, 1971
1624:Northeast Corridor
1554:383 Madison Avenue
1530:Time Warner Center
1414:350 Mission Street
1350:, renovation, 2020
1338:, Taiwan (ongoing)
1332:Taipei Twin Towers
1238:
1227:
1216:
1205:
1197:
1186:
1175:
1164:
1065:Millennium Station
1050:London Underground
935:Santiago Calatrava
790:Brigitte Peterhans
770:Fazlur Rahman Khan
744:, Robert Diamant,
726:T. J. Gottesdiener
677:U.S. Census Bureau
618:Financial District
515:Fazlur Rahman Khan
459:sustainable design
255:sustainable design
96:
60:and inappropriate
3176:FundingUniverse:
3035:on June 13, 2012.
2890:978-1-61374-511-3
2803:on August 5, 2011
2752:on March 25, 2012
2658:"Fazlurrkhan.com"
1970:Chicago Sun-Times
1780:28 Liberty Street
1768:Buffalo, New York
1694:Buffalo, New York
1650:, Cleveland, 1980
1542:Greenwich Academy
1454:Pearl River Tower
1444:University Center
1384:NATO Headquarters
1362:, Singapore, 2018
1314:, China (ongoing)
1274:, China (ongoing)
1248:, Italy (ongoing)
918:
917:
910:
626:Midtown Manhattan
614:28 Liberty Street
455:civil engineering
381:and the expanded
289:
288:
251:civil engineering
216:T.J. Gottesdiener
94:
93:
86:
16:(Redirected from
3357:
3296:
3295:
3293:Official website
3278:
3272:
3263:
3253:
3247:
3246:
3234:
3228:
3218:
3212:
3206:
3200:
3188:Ali Mir (2001),
3186:
3180:
3174:
3168:
3167:
3162:. Archived from
3152:
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2852:. Washington, DC
2841:
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2714:
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2696:
2695:
2690:. Archived from
2680:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2669:
2654:
2648:
2647:
2636:
2630:
2629:
2618:
2612:
2611:
2610:on May 16, 2012.
2600:
2594:
2593:
2588:. Archived from
2582:
2576:
2575:
2564:
2558:
2557:
2542:
2536:
2535:
2533:
2531:
2517:
2511:
2510:
2509:on May 11, 2013.
2499:
2493:
2492:
2487:. Archived from
2481:
2475:
2474:
2459:
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2441:
2435:
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2147:
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2111:
2109:
2107:
2102:on July 12, 2021
2092:
2086:
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2026:
2020:
2019:
2012:
2006:
2005:
1998:
1992:
1991:
1980:
1974:
1973:
1961:
1955:
1954:
1942:
1936:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1922:. Archived from
1912:
1906:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1892:. Archived from
1882:
1876:
1875:
1863:
1700:One Shell Square
1690:Seneca One Tower
1630:Demonet Building
1590:, Shanghai, 1998
1536:Chongming Island
1308:Greenland Centre
1214:, Chicago (1974)
1195:, Chicago (1969)
1173:in New York City
1145:Notable projects
1030:Lawrence Halprin
913:
906:
902:
899:
893:
862:
854:
762:Craig W. Hartman
734:Natalie de Blois
659:it designed for
555:Alexander Calder
465:& planning.
340:Washington, D.C.
320:Nathaniel Owings
285:
282:
280:
208:William F. Baker
206:Mustafa Abadan,
186:, Illinois, U.S.
166:Nathaniel Owings
149:, Illinois, U.S.
144:
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106:
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47:an advertisement
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3225:New York Times.
3219:
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3117:
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3099:
3095:
3082:
3081:
3077:
3064:
3063:
3059:
3054:Wayback Machine
3044:
3040:
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3012:
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2999:
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1890:marketwatch.com
1884:
1883:
1879:
1864:
1860:
1855:
1834:Manhattan House
1824:, Chicago, 1954
1806:, Chicago, 1958
1798:500 Park Avenue
1724:, Chicago, 1970
1684:One Shell Plaza
1548:Millennium Park
1396:Chronicle Tower
1372:Barnard College
1225:, Boston (1987)
1171:Manhattan House
1153:
1147:
1139:interior design
1132:
1130:Interior design
1124:buttressed core
1089:John O. Merrill
1085:
1061:Millennium Park
1001:John F. Kennedy
977:
972:
947:
931:Himanshu Parikh
914:
903:
897:
894:
879:
863:
852:
809:
774:Lucien Lagrange
766:Gertrude Kerbis
750:Myron Goldsmith
738:Gordon Bunshaft
721:
712:
688:net-zero-energy
673:
622:Lower Manhattan
612:, which is now
591:James Carpenter
567:Richard Lippold
547:Chicago Picasso
476:
471:
447:interior design
403:Treasure Island
387:Waldorf Astoria
324:John O. Merrill
277:
243:interior design
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3286:
3285:External links
3283:
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3201:
3181:
3169:
3147:
3144:. August 2009.
3129:
3126:. August 2009.
3111:
3108:. August 2009.
3093:
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3075:
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1457:
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1441:
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1236:, Dubai (2010)
1146:
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1131:
1128:
1084:
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1069:Daniel Burnham
976:
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922:SOM Foundation
916:
915:
866:
864:
857:
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850:SOM Foundation
848:
813:Sally Harkness
808:
805:
782:Larry Oltmanns
746:Philip Enquist
720:
717:
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583:Janet Echelman
475:
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467:
316:Louis Skidmore
308:urban planning
287:
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261:& planning
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1612:National Mall
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2033:
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1919:
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1894:the original
1889:
1880:
1871:
1861:
1728:140 Broadway
1678:Willis Tower
1582:Altice Arena
1478:Zifeng Tower
1472:Burj Khalifa
1390:Cornell Tech
1234:Burj Khalifa
1212:Willis Tower
1133:
1120:Burj Khalifa
1103:and for his
1097:Willis Tower
1086:
1073:
1058:
1045:Canary Wharf
1042:
1027:
1023:Federal Hill
1018:Inner Harbor
994:
978:
948:
939:Joshua Ramus
937:(1988), and
927:Werner Sobek
919:
904:
898:October 2023
895:
880:Please help
868:
845:
841:
821:World War II
810:
807:Women at SOM
798:Adrian Smith
786:Eszter PĂ©csi
754:Bruce Graham
742:David Childs
722:
713:
685:
674:
671:21st century
665:Weyerhaeuser
653:
641:Cadet Chapel
630:
599:
595:Jaume Plensa
543:
535:
531:
523:
519:Burj Khalifa
511:Bruce Graham
507:Willis Tower
500:
492:
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474:20th century
463:urban design
443:architecture
440:
436:Burj Khalifa
428:Willis Tower
383:Penn Station
368:
295:
291:
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259:urban design
241:, graphics,
235:Architecture
180:Headquarters
171:John Merrill
111:Company type
80:
74:October 2023
71:
56:by removing
52:Please help
44:
3211:, Wired.com
2856:October 11,
2297:www.aia.org
2279:www.nps.gov
2259:October 16,
2226:October 16,
1930:January 15,
1900:January 15,
1828:Lever House
1710:Federal Way
1618:63 Building
1606:Rowes Wharf
1438:Cayan Tower
1360:Guoco Tower
1298:One Bangkok
1258:Karlatornet
1223:Rowes Wharf
1160:Lever House
1135:Davis Allen
1112:skyscrapers
1093:Fazlur Khan
970:Disciplines
527:Fazlur Khan
488:Park Avenue
480:Lever House
336:Los Angeles
312:engineering
239:engineering
192:Area served
3319:Categories
2776:www.bme.hu
1853:References
1506:Terminal 1
1262:Gothenburg
1116:Bill Baker
1012:, and the
811:Architect
758:Gary Haney
702:, and the
661:timberland
220:Gary Haney
202:Key people
54:improve it
2984:Architect
2530:April 15,
2192:0362-4331
2163:April 21,
2158:0362-4331
1988:ArchDaily
1951:Curbed NY
1872:Curbed NY
1840:Oak Ridge
1328:(ongoing)
1109:high-rise
1054:Broadgate
954:from the
869:does not
551:Joan MirĂł
375:Citigroup
352:Hong Kong
348:Melbourne
196:Worldwide
3258:MinnPost
3050:Archived
2829:June 14,
2807:June 14,
2756:June 14,
2668:June 14,
2371:July 18,
2345:July 18,
2080:July 21,
2071:Archived
1282:Belgrade
933:(1985),
929:(1983),
663:company
356:Shanghai
231:Services
154:Founders
121:Industry
2781:May 27,
1302:Bangkok
1048:to the
890:removed
875:sources
575:Chryssa
469:History
360:Seattle
302:-based
300:Chicago
298:, is a
274:Website
266:Revenue
184:Chicago
147:Chicago
139: (
131:Founded
115:Private
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2197:May 6,
2190:
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1770:, 1962
1696:, 1972
1508:, 2008
1336:Taipei
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800:, and
710:People
698:, the
593:, and
397:, and
362:, and
344:London
310:, and
2883:–94.
2245:(PDF)
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1322:Dubai
1312:Xi'an
1292:Busan
1272:Jinan
1246:Milan
364:Dubai
145:, in
3194:ISBN
3015:2022
2992:2022
2965:2022
2938:2022
2885:ISBN
2858:2015
2831:2013
2809:2013
2783:2020
2758:2013
2670:2013
2532:2018
2373:2020
2347:2020
2304:2022
2261:2020
2228:2020
2199:2020
2188:ISSN
2165:2021
2154:ISSN
2108:2019
2082:2024
2041:2021
1932:2022
1902:2022
920:The
873:any
871:cite
681:LEED
573:and
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