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SOLRAD 9

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began to read data from the memory of Solrad 9. The satellite remained active until February 25, 1974, when the gas reserves useful to maintain control of the facility were over. Once the stability was lost, in fact, the satellite became useless and therefore was turned off.
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and recorded in a core memory that read out its contents on command. Individual scientists and institutions were invited to receive and use the data transmitted on the 136 MHz telemetry band on the standard IRIG channels three through eight.
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Solrad 9 was particularly important among the Solrad series satellites because thanks to the collected data were useful to predict the behavior of the sun during the period of the first crewed missions of the
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and which would have produced potentially hazardous (to even fatal) effects to astronauts had then been in space (if the spacecraft were outside the Earth's protective
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operations in August 1967 and the orbiting of Solrad 9, solar activity data were obtained using photometers in satellites
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memory data, put into orbit on the 8th of the same month, and so continued until June 1973, when the
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Payloads are separated by bullets ( · ), launches by pipes ( | ). Crewed flights are indicated in
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viewed the sun with each revolution. Data were simultaneously transmitted via
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Symbol indicates failure en route or before intended mission data returned
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Solrad 9 was a spin stabilized satellite oriented with its spin axis
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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In the time that elapsed between the termination of
1444: 721: 699:. National Research Council. Space Science Board, 2593: 1448: 426:to the sun-satellite line so that the 14 solar 1452: 1223: 96:22 years, 8 months and 10 days 2580:. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed in 1684: 793: 511:data storage device had a bad operation and 503:As of July 1971, it was decided to use the 1691: 1677: 800: 786: 609: 607: 750: 1592: 398: 715: 604: 545: 543: 541: 539: 527:, disintegrating on November 16, 1990. 14: 2594: 724:"The Rough Guide to the Moon and Mars" 1672: 807: 781: 687: 685: 661: 613: 536: 722:Lockwood, Mike; M. Hapgood (2007). 437:pointing radially outward from its 403:Was launched on March 5, 1968 from 24: 818:List of Explorers Program missions 682: 662:Vítek, Antonín (7 December 2004). 557:. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center 25: 2623: 1644:indicates active current missions 1576: 764: 752:10.1111/j.1468-4004.2007.48611.x 567: 33: 1656:indicate missions yet to launch 697:National Academies, 1969, p. 27 655: 633: 579: 82: 13: 1: 530: 1650:indicates cancelled missions 587:"Solar Observing satellites" 278:638 kilometers (396 mi) 268:448 kilometers (278 mi) 7: 2607:Spacecraft launched in 1968 476:, starting from the first, 129:198 kilograms (437 lb) 10: 2628: 2574: 1723: 1637: 1585: 1574: 1443: 1332: 1222: 831: 824: 815: 664:"1968-017A - Explorer 37" 591:Colorado State University 338: 321: 316: 312: 302: 292: 282: 272: 262: 252: 242: 232: 227: 223: 219: 204: 196: 191: 187: 183: 173: 162: 146: 141: 137: 133: 125: 120:Naval Research Laboratory 115: 110: 106: 102: 92: 79: 69: 59: 48: 44: 32: 743:2007A&G....48f..11L 405:Wallops Flight Facility 488:that occurred between 620:Joanthan's Space Page 399:Launch and operations 233:Reference system 111:Spacecraft properties 1707:Orbital launches in 641:"Explorer 37 (SE-B)" 614:McDowell, Jonathan. 2602:1968 in spaceflight 154:1968-03-05UTC18:28Z 150:5 March 1968, 18:28 29: 994:25 (Injun 4, IE-B) 772:Spaceflight portal 228:Orbital parameters 27: 2612:Explorers Program 2589: 2588: 1666: 1665: 1633: 1632: 1572: 1571: 1079:42 (Uhuru, SAS-A) 809:Explorers Program 382: 381: 298:95.5 minutes 16:(Redirected from 2619: 2549:Intelsat III F-2 2322:Intelsat III F-1 1712: 1711: 1710: 1693: 1686: 1679: 1670: 1669: 1649: 1643: 1590: 1589: 1580: 1531: 1524: 1517: 1505: 1483: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1414: 1407: 1400: 1393: 1386: 1379: 1296: 1289: 1282: 1275: 1268: 1261: 1239: 1225: 829: 828: 802: 795: 788: 779: 778: 774: 769: 768: 767: 757: 756: 754: 728: 719: 713: 712: 710: 708: 689: 680: 679: 677: 675: 659: 653: 652: 650: 648: 637: 631: 630: 628: 626: 611: 602: 601: 599: 597: 583: 577: 571: 570: 566: 564: 562: 547: 419:launch vehicle. 264:Perigee altitude 215: 213: 208:16 November 1990 157: 155: 142:Start of mission 93:Mission duration 84: 37: 30: 26: 21: 2627: 2626: 2622: 2621: 2620: 2618: 2617: 2616: 2592: 2591: 2590: 2585: 2570: 2373:Molniya-1 No.14 2112:Molniya-1 No.13 1927:Molniya-1 No.10 1719: 1718: 1708: 1706: 1705: 1703: 1697: 1667: 1662: 1647: 1641: 1629: 1581: 1568: 1529: 1522: 1515: 1503: 1481: 1439: 1412: 1405: 1398: 1391: 1384: 1377: 1328: 1294: 1287: 1280: 1273: 1266: 1259: 1237: 1218: 820: 811: 806: 770: 765: 763: 760: 731:Astron. 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1848: 1845: 1843: 1840: 1838: 1835: 1833: 1830: 1828: 1827: 1826:DS-U1-Ya No.1 1823: 1821: 1818: 1816: 1813: 1811: 1808: 1806: 1803: 1801: 1798: 1796: 1793: 1791: 1788: 1786: 1783: 1781: 1780: 1776: 1774: 1771: 1769: 1766: 1764: 1761: 1759: 1756: 1754: 1751: 1749: 1746: 1744: 1741: 1739: 1736: 1734: 1731: 1729: 1726: 1725: 1722: 1717: 1713: 1702: 1694: 1689: 1687: 1682: 1680: 1675: 1674: 1671: 1658: 1655: 1652: 1646: 1640: 1639: 1636: 1626: 1623: 1621: 1618: 1616: 1613: 1611: 1608: 1606: 1603: 1601: 1598: 1597: 1595: 1591: 1588: 1584: 1579: 1565: 1564: 1560: 1558: 1557: 1553: 1551: 1550: 1546: 1544: 1543: 1539: 1537: 1534: 1532: 1527: 1525: 1520: 1518: 1513: 1511: 1508: 1506: 1501: 1499: 1496: 1494: 1491: 1489: 1486: 1484: 1479: 1477: 1474: 1472: 1471:76 (TERRIERS) 1469: 1467: 1464: 1462: 1459: 1458: 1456: 1442: 1436: 1435: 1431: 1429: 1428: 1424: 1422: 1421: 1417: 1415: 1410: 1408: 1403: 1401: 1396: 1394: 1389: 1387: 1382: 1380: 1375: 1373: 1370: 1368: 1365: 1363: 1360: 1358: 1355: 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178:Wallops LA-3A 176: 172: 168: 165: 161: 149: 145: 140: 136: 132: 128: 124: 121: 118: 114: 109: 105: 101: 95: 91: 87: 85: 78: 74: 72: 68: 65: 62: 58: 54: 51: 47: 43: 36: 31: 19: 2581: 2577: 2558: 2486: 2419: 2392: 2320: 2263: 2256: 2249: 2242: 2235: 2228: 2223:Gridsphere R 2221: 2216:Gridsphere B 2214: 2209:Gridsphere 2 2207: 2202:Gridsphere 1 2200: 2193: 2186: 2069: 2009:Sfera No.12L 2007: 1975: 1968: 1931: 1824: 1779:E-6LS No.112 1777: 1653: 1642:Green titles 1561: 1554: 1547: 1540: 1488:82 (CHIPSat) 1432: 1425: 1418: 1321: 1314: 1307: 1300: 1069:40 (Injun 5) 964:S-66A (BE-A) 737:(6): 11–17. 734: 730: 717: 705:. Retrieved 696: 672:. Retrieved 667: 657: 645:. Retrieved 635: 623:. Retrieved 619: 616:"Launch Log" 594:. Retrieved 581: 559:. Retrieved 554: 518: 502: 486:solar storms 470: 455: 421: 402: 392: 388: 384: 383: 340: 308:5 March 1968 254:Eccentricity 197:Last contact 116:Manufacturer 49:Mission type 2167:Explorer 40 2162:Explorer 39 2102:Explorer 38 1933:7K-L1 No.7L 1820:Explorer 37 1733:Explorer 36 1648:Grey titles 1476:79 (HETE-2) 1392:93 (NuSTAR) 1367:81 (RHESSI) 1342:68 (SAMPEX) 1184:61 (Magsat) 1159:56 (ISEE-1) 1049:36 (GEOS-B) 1014:29 (GEOS-A) 435:photometers 389:Explorer 37 355:Explorer 38 350:Explorer 36 324:Photometers 317:Instruments 284:Inclination 174:Launch site 147:Launch date 126:Launch mass 2596:Categories 2566:Kosmos 262 2554:Kosmos 261 2544:Kosmos 260 2534:Kosmos 259 2519:Kosmos 258 2499:Kosmos 257 2494:Kosmos 256 2482:Kosmos 255 2477:Kosmos 254 2467:Kosmos 253 2437:Kosmos 252 2432:Kosmos 251 2427:Kosmos 250 2405:Kosmos 249 2400:Kosmos 248 2388:Kosmos 247 2383:Kosmos 246 2363:Kosmos 245 2358:Kosmos 244 2333:Kosmos 243 2328:Kosmos 242 2306:Kosmos 241 2296:Kosmos 240 2286:Kosmos 239 2281:Kosmos 238 2276:Kosmos 237 2271:Kosmos 236 2188:Orbiscal 1 2172:Kosmos 235 2142:Kosmos 234 2137:Kosmos 233 2132:Kosmos 232 2117:Kosmos 231 2107:Kosmos 230 2097:Kosmos 229 2092:Kosmos 228 2077:Kosmos 227 2025:Kosmos 226 2020:Kosmos 225 2003:Kosmos 224 1998:Kosmos 223 1993:Kosmos 222 1988:Kosmos 221 1959:Kosmos 220 1949:Kosmos 219 1944:Kosmos 218 1939:Kosmos 217 1922:Kosmos 216 1917:Kosmos 215 1912:Kosmos 214 1902:Kosmos 213 1897:Kosmos 212 1892:Kosmos 211 1867:Kosmos 210 1862:Kosmos 209 1857:Kosmos 208 1852:Kosmos 207 1837:Kosmos 206 1815:Kosmos 205 1810:Kosmos 204 1790:Kosmos 203 1785:Kosmos 202 1773:Kosmos 201 1753:Kosmos 200 1738:Kosmos 199 1728:Surveyor 7 1372:83 (GALEX) 1352:73 (TRACE) 1316:HelioSwarm 1267:84 (Swift) 1249:78 (IMAGE) 1134:53 (SAS-C) 1119:50 (IMP-J) 1114:49 (RAE-B) 1109:48 (SAS-B) 1104:47 (IMP-H) 1094:45 (SSS-A) 1084:43 (IMP-I) 1074:41 (IMP-G) 1059:38 (RAE-A) 1044:35 (IMP-E) 1039:34 (IMP-F) 1034:33 (IMP-D) 1024:31 (DME-A) 1009:28 (IMP-C) 999:26 (EPE-D) 984:23 (S-55C) 974:21 (IMP-B) 954:18 (IMP-A) 944:16 (S-55B) 939:15 (EPE-C) 934:14 (EPE-B) 929:13 (S-55A) 924:12 (EPE-A) 839:Explorer 1 670:(in Czech) 643:. n2yo.com 551:"Solrad 9" 531:References 525:atmosphere 482:astronauts 237:Geocentric 212:1990-11-17 205:Decay date 200:March 1974 2578:underline 2452:Pioneer 9 1593:Proposals 1586:Proposals 1466:72 (SNOE) 1413:97 (IXPE) 1399:94 (IRIS) 1385:91 (IBEX) 1362:75 (WIRE) 1357:74 (SWAS) 1347:70 (FAST) 1295:96 (ICON) 1288:95 (TESS) 1281:92 (WISE) 1254:80 (WMAP) 1244:77 (FUSE) 1232:69 (RXTE) 1214:67 (EUVE) 1209:66 (COBE) 1194:63 (DE-2) 1189:62 (DE-1) 1179:60 (SAGE) 1169:58 (HCMM) 1144:55 (AE-E) 1139:54 (AE-D) 1124:51 (AE-C) 1064:39 (AD-C) 1029:32 (AE-B) 1004:27 (BE-C) 989:24 (AD-B) 979:22 (BE-B) 969:20 (IE-A) 959:19 (AD-A) 949:17 (AE-A) 909:11 (S-15) 894:9 (S-56A) 832:1958–1992 509:Solrad 10 505:Solrad 10 494:Apollo 10 450:telemetry 374:Solrad 10 342:Explorers 247:Low Earth 167:Scout B-1 158: UTC 75:1968-017A 71:COSPAR ID 39:Solrad 9. 2560:Apollo 8 2529:OPS 7684 2524:OPS 4740 2504:OPS 6518 2472:Proton 4 2447:OPS 5296 2442:OPS 1315 2410:OPS 4078 2394:Apollo 7 2378:OPS 0964 2316:OPS 8595 2311:OPS 0165 2291:OPS 5247 2251:SECOR 12 2244:SECOR 11 2157:OPS 5955 2152:OPS 5187 2147:OPS 2222 2087:OPS 5259 2082:OPS 5343 2065:IDCSP 27 2060:IDCSP 26 2055:IDCSP 25 2050:IDCSP 24 2045:IDCSP 23 2040:IDCSP 22 2035:IDCSP 21 2030:IDCSP 20 2015:OPS 5138 1983:OPS 7869 1977:SECOR 10 1970:Nimbus B 1954:OPS 1419 1907:OPS 5165 1872:Apollo 6 1847:OPS 7076 1842:OPS 4849 1832:OPS 5057 1795:OPS 7034 1768:OPS 6236 1763:OPS 2243 1758:Apollo 5 1748:OPS 5028 1743:OPS 1965 1482:INTEGRAL 1378:90 (AIM) 1238:71 (ACE) 1204:65 (CCE) 1199:64 (SME) 1174:59 (ICE) 1164:57 (IUE) 1099:46 (MTS) 874:7 (S-1A) 825:Missions 668:Space 40 521:Solrad 8 490:Apollo 9 478:Apollo 7 458:Solrad 8 409:Virginia 385:Solrad 9 369:Solrad 8 60:Operator 28:Solrad 9 18:Solrad 9 2582:italics 2421:Soyuz 3 2415:Soyuz 2 2368:ESRO-1A 1964:ESRO-2B 1887:Luna 14 1654:Italics 1600:FINESSE 1549:SunRISE 1427:TRACERS 1302:SPHEREx 869:6 (S-2) 739:Bibcode 707:17 June 674:17 June 647:17 June 625:17 June 596:17 June 561:17 June 519:Unlike 415:, with 258:0.01372 210: ( 152: ( 98:(final) 81:SATCAT 55:science 2539:ESSA-8 2509:HEOS-1 2462:Zond 6 2457:ERS-31 2353:ERS-28 2348:ERS-21 2301:Zond 5 2258:Radcat 2182:ESSA-7 2127:OV1-16 2122:OV1-15 1882:OV1-14 1877:OV1-13 1800:Zond 4 1716:1969 → 1701:← 1967 1625:ESCAPE 1620:EXCEDE 1510:Hitomi 1498:Suzaku 1461:HETE-1 1154:DADE-B 1149:DADE-A 703:. 1969 701:COSPAR 555:NSSDCA 362:Solrad 294:Period 243:Regime 163:Rocket 2514:OAO-2 2488:STV-1 2343:OV2-5 2338:LES-6 2265:P68-1 2237:LIDOS 2230:LCS-3 2195:OV5-8 2177:ATS-4 1805:OGO-5 1615:ASTRE 1610:OHMIC 1605:Arcus 1536:GUSTO 1530:XRISM 1516:NICER 1504:TWINS 1493:CINDI 1420:PUNCH 1224:MIDEX 914:S-45A 879:S-46A 727:(PDF) 466:OGO-4 462:OSO-4 428:X-ray 417:Scout 332:X-ray 304:Epoch 288:59.4° 169:S160C 53:Solar 1709:1968 1563:CASE 1556:EZIE 1523:GOLD 1445:UNEX 1434:COSI 1406:GEMS 1334:SMEX 1323:UVEX 1309:MUSE 1260:FAME 919:S-55 899:S-45 889:S-56 709:2018 676:2018 649:2018 627:2018 598:2018 563:2018 513:NASA 492:and 464:and 430:and 391:and 330:and 88:3141 64:NASA 1542:AWE 864:S-1 747:doi 322:14 83:no. 2598:: 1449:MO 904:10 745:. 735:48 733:. 729:. 695:. 684:^ 666:. 618:. 606:^ 589:. 553:. 538:^ 468:. 447:AM 443:FM 432:UV 411:, 407:, 328:UV 1692:e 1685:t 1678:v 1453:I 1451:/ 1447:/ 884:8 859:5 854:4 849:3 844:2 801:e 794:t 787:v 755:. 749:: 741:: 711:. 678:. 651:. 629:. 600:. 576:. 565:. 445:/ 334:) 326:( 214:) 156:) 20:)

Index

Solrad 9

Solar
NASA
COSPAR ID
SATCAT no.
Naval Research Laboratory
Scout B-1
Wallops LA-3A
Geocentric
Low Earth
Eccentricity
Perigee altitude
Apogee altitude
Inclination
Period
Epoch
Photometers
UV
X-ray
Explorers
Explorer 36
Explorer 38
Solrad
Solrad 8
Solrad 10
Wallops Flight Facility
Virginia
United States
Scout

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