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exceptions: (1) the Lyman-alpha detector and the UV detectors were saturated for normal aspect angles, (2) the core memory failed at launch so that the data were collected in real-time telemetry only, and (3) a gradual decrease in spin rate caused the aspect angle to drift away from normal in the second year of operation.
422:
The satellite performed normally, except for the spin system, which failed to maintain 60 rpm (at spin rates below 10 rpm data reduction became difficult). The spin rate gradually decreased to 4 rpm on
September 12, 1966. At that time, ground command succeeded in reactivating spinup to 78 rpm, which
449:
to 60 A and 1080 A to 1350 A were mounted perpendicular to the satellite spin axis. Analog outputs from the detectors were transmitted continuously on six IRIG telemetry channels. The experiment provided good data for all detectors from 27 November 1965 to 24 August 1967, with the following
35:
385:
perpendicular to the sun-satellite line so that the 14 solar X-ray and ultraviolet photometers pointing radially outward from its equatorial belt viewed the sun on each revolution. Data were transmitted in real time by means of an
436:
This experiment was designed to monitor solar X-ray and ultraviolet emissions with a set of standardized detectors so that the data could be compared directly with that produced by other experiments in the SOLRAD series. Eight
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exhausted the gas supply. From this point, the spin rate gradually decreased to 10 rpm in August 1967, when data collection was substantially decreased.
1721:
803:
653:
Landini, M.; Russo, D.; Tagliaferri, G. L. (1966). "Solar
Eclipse of 20 May 1966, observed by the Solrad 8 Satellite in X-ray and Ultraviolet Bands".
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373:(Solar Radiation) program that began in 1960 to provide continuous coverage of solar radiation with a set of standard
1707:
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The satellite observed the solar eclipse on 20 May 1966. This observation may have been the first observation of a
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Payloads are separated by bullets ( · ), launches by pipes ( | ). Crewed flights are indicated in
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720:
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743:"NASA:SP-4312 Dreams, Hopes, Realities-Chapter 1:Goddard's First Forty: The Quest to Learn"
728:
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8:
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ftp://ftp.ngdc.noaa.gov/STP/SOLAR_DATA/SATELLITE_ENVIRONMENT/XRAY_BGND/docs/solrad.txt
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240:
169:
2676:
2001:
782:
637:
573:
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1690:
Symbol indicates failure en route or before intended mission data returned
742:
394:
the satellite's telemetry system and were recorded by the stations on the
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2027:
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989:
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939:
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324:
319:
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1995:
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National
Research Council (U.S.). Space Science Board, COSPAR (1967).
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2663:. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in (brackets).
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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58 years, 9 months and 15 days (in orbit)
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United States Space
Science Program: Report to COSPAR
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764:"Experiment: Solar X-Ray and Ultraviolet Monitor"
2674:
396:Spacecraft Tracking and Data Acquisition Network
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555:"Trajectory: Explorer 30 (Solrad 8) 1965-093A"
2659:. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed in
1715:
824:
799:http://www.techarchive.org/solrad-satellites/
497:National Aeronautics and Space Administration
756:
619:"Display: Explorer 30 (Solrad 8) 1965-093A"
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33:
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535:. Jonathan's Space Report. 21 July 2021
445:covering the spectral regions from 0.5
14:
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648:
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611:
1703:
838:
812:
699:. Space Archaeology. Archived from
643:
432:Solar X-Ray and Ultraviolet Monitor
302:19 November 1965, 04:48:00 UTC
24:
2693:Satellites formerly orbiting Earth
849:List of Explorers Program missions
525:
495:from websites or documents of the
25:
2704:
1675:indicates active current missions
792:
1607:
776:
631:
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491: This article incorporates
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1687:indicate missions yet to launch
804:NSSDC Solrad 8 data collections
735:
401:
745:. History.nasa.gov. 1957-10-04
727:. National Academies. p.
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689:
590:
579:
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87:
13:
1:
481:
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1681:indicates cancelled missions
512:"Solar-observing satellites"
381:satellite oriented with its
272:891 kilometers (554 mi)
262:704 kilometers (437 mi)
132:56.7 kilograms (125 lb)
7:
2688:Spacecraft launched in 1965
453:
398:(STADAN) tracking network.
153:November 19, 1965, 22:11:30
10:
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514:. Rammb.cira.colostate.edu
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600:. Designation-systems.net
366:satellite was one of the
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766:. NASA. 28 October 2021
621:. NASA. 28 October 2021
557:. NASA. 28 October 2021
493:public domain material
157:1965-11-19UTC22:11:30Z
227:Reference system
114:Spacecraft properties
1738:Orbital launches in
412:artificial satellite
667:1966Natur.211..393L
29:
1025:25 (Injun 4, IE-B)
468:Spaceflight portal
292:100.8 minutes
222:Orbital parameters
123:Naval Research Lab
27:
2683:Explorers Program
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1110:42 (Uhuru, SAS-A)
840:Explorers Program
476:Explorers program
377:. SOLRAD 8 was a
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282:59.7 degrees
16:(Redirected from
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258:Perigee altitude
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145:Start of mission
98:Mission duration
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1305:85–89 (THEMIS)
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2013:Molniya 1-01
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1907:Dodecapole 1
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1100:40 (Injun 5)
995:S-66A (BE-A)
768:. Retrieved
758:
747:. Retrieved
737:
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705:. Retrieved
701:the original
691:
658:
654:
623:. Retrieved
613:
602:. Retrieved
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559:. Retrieved
549:
537:. Retrieved
533:"Launch Log"
527:
516:. Retrieved
506:
485:
439:ion chambers
435:
421:
405:
402:Eclipse 1966
363:
359:
355:
353:
248:Eccentricity
199:Last contact
180:Wallops LA-3
119:Manufacturer
46:Mission type
2549:Explorer 31
2494:Explorer 29
2095:Explorer 28
2028:Explorer 27
1679:Grey titles
1507:79 (HETE-2)
1423:93 (NuSTAR)
1398:81 (RHESSI)
1373:68 (SAMPEX)
1215:61 (Magsat)
1190:56 (ISEE-1)
1080:36 (GEOS-B)
1045:29 (GEOS-A)
375:photometers
360:Explorer 30
325:Explorer 31
320:Explorer 29
278:Inclination
202:August 1967
176:Launch site
150:Launch date
129:Launch mass
2677:Categories
2638:Kosmos 103
2633:Kosmos 102
2598:Kosmos 101
2593:Kosmos 100
2582:Gemini VIA
2560:Gemini VII
2544:Alouette 2
2122:Titan 3C-7
1970:Gemini III
1829:DS-A1 No.6
1403:83 (GALEX)
1383:73 (TRACE)
1347:HelioSwarm
1298:84 (Swift)
1280:78 (IMAGE)
1165:53 (SAS-C)
1150:50 (IMP-J)
1145:49 (RAE-B)
1140:48 (SAS-B)
1135:47 (IMP-H)
1125:45 (SSS-A)
1115:43 (IMP-I)
1105:41 (IMP-G)
1090:38 (RAE-A)
1075:35 (IMP-E)
1070:34 (IMP-F)
1065:33 (IMP-D)
1055:31 (DME-A)
1040:28 (IMP-C)
1030:26 (EPE-D)
1015:23 (S-55C)
1005:21 (IMP-B)
985:18 (IMP-A)
975:16 (S-55B)
970:15 (EPE-C)
965:14 (EPE-B)
960:13 (S-55A)
955:12 (EPE-A)
870:Explorer 1
770:9 November
749:2014-05-27
707:2014-05-27
697:"SOLRAD 8"
625:9 November
604:2014-05-27
561:9 November
539:9 November
518:2014-05-27
482:References
427:Experiment
231:Geocentric
161: UTC
2657:underline
2588:Pioneer 6
2576:Kosmos 99
2539:Kosmos 98
2529:Kosmos 97
2524:Kosmos 96
2489:Kosmos 95
2474:Kosmos 94
2468:GATV 5002
2462:Kosmos 93
2457:Kosmos 92
2412:Kosmos 91
2402:Kosmos 90
2397:Kosmos 89
2392:Kosmos 88
2387:Kosmos 87
2382:Kosmos 86
2372:Kosmos 85
2367:Kosmos 84
2362:Kosmos 83
2357:Kosmos 82
2352:Kosmos 81
2347:Kosmos 80
2328:Kosmos 79
2306:Kosmos 78
2286:Tempsat-1
2246:Kosmos 77
2241:Pegasus 3
2231:Kosmos 76
2191:Kosmos 75
2186:Kosmos 74
2181:Kosmos 73
2176:Kosmos 72
2171:Kosmos 71
2152:Kosmos 70
2132:Kosmos 69
2117:Kosmos 68
2101:Gemini IV
2078:Kosmos 67
2073:Pegasus 2
2048:Kosmos 66
2008:Kosmos 65
1976:Kosmos 64
1958:Voskhod 2
1947:Kosmos 63
1942:Kosmos 62
1937:Kosmos 61
1927:Kosmos 60
1897:Solrad 7B
1877:NRL PL142
1872:Kosmos 59
1860:Kosmos 58
1850:Kosmos 57
1845:Kosmos 56
1840:Kosmos 55
1835:Kosmos 54
1818:Pegasus 1
1791:Kosmos 53
1759:Kosmos 52
1624:Proposals
1617:Proposals
1497:72 (SNOE)
1444:97 (IXPE)
1430:94 (IRIS)
1416:91 (IBEX)
1393:75 (WIRE)
1388:74 (SWAS)
1378:70 (FAST)
1326:96 (ICON)
1319:95 (TESS)
1312:92 (WISE)
1285:80 (WMAP)
1275:77 (FUSE)
1263:69 (RXTE)
1245:67 (EUVE)
1240:66 (COBE)
1225:63 (DE-2)
1220:62 (DE-1)
1210:60 (SAGE)
1200:58 (HCMM)
1175:55 (AE-E)
1170:54 (AE-D)
1155:51 (AE-C)
1095:39 (AD-C)
1060:32 (AE-B)
1035:27 (BE-C)
1020:24 (AD-B)
1010:22 (BE-B)
1000:20 (IE-A)
990:19 (AD-A)
980:17 (AE-A)
940:11 (S-15)
925:9 (S-56A)
863:1958–1992
383:spin axis
339:Solrad 7B
313:Explorers
170:Scout X-4
71:1965-093A
65:COSPAR ID
2628:OPS 4639
2623:OPS 1509
2571:OPS 7249
2519:Solrad 8
2514:Venera 3
2509:Venera 2
2504:OPS 6232
2499:OPS 8293
2484:Proton 2
2479:OPS 2155
2432:OPS 5325
2417:OPS 7208
2407:OPS 7221
2377:OPS 8068
2341:OPS 3373
2317:Gemini V
2311:OPS 7208
2301:Surcal 5
2291:Long Rod
2276:OPS 8464
2256:OPS 6761
2251:OPS 5698
2221:OPS 6564
2216:OPS 6577
2211:OPS 5543
2201:OPS 8411
2196:Proton 1
2158:OPS 5810
2147:TIROS-10
2142:OPS 6749
2137:OPS 5501
2127:OPS 8480
2112:OPS 8425
2083:OPS 5236
2063:OPS 8386
2058:OPS 8431
2033:OPS 5023
2023:OPS 6717
2018:OPS 4983
1986:OPS 4682
1981:OPS 4803
1964:Ranger 9
1952:OPS 7353
1932:OPS 4920
1917:OPS 7087
1902:Surcal 4
1855:OPS 4782
1823:Ranger 8
1786:OPS 4703
1769:OPS 7040
1764:OPS 3928
1513:INTEGRAL
1409:90 (AIM)
1269:71 (ACE)
1235:65 (CCE)
1230:64 (SME)
1205:59 (ICE)
1195:57 (IUE)
1130:46 (MTS)
905:7 (S-1A)
856:Missions
598:"Solrad"
454:See also
441:and two
356:SOLRAD 8
344:Solrad 9
54:Operator
28:Solrad 8
18:Solrad 8
2661:italics
2618:OSCAR 4
2534:Astérix
2266:SECOR 5
1991:SECOR 4
1922:SECOR 2
1912:OSCAR 3
1892:SECOR 3
1781:TIROS-9
1685:Italics
1631:FINESSE
1580:SunRISE
1458:TRACERS
1333:SPHEREx
900:6 (S-2)
683:4174785
663:Bibcode
418:Mission
252:0.01302
206:1967-09
204: (
155: (
86:SATCAT
2554:Luna 8
2422:Luna 7
2226:ERS-17
2206:Zond 3
2107:Luna 6
2053:Luna 5
1887:GGSE-3
1882:GGSE-2
1747:1966 →
1732:← 1964
1656:ESCAPE
1651:EXCEDE
1541:Hitomi
1529:Suzaku
1492:HETE-1
1185:DADE-B
1180:DADE-A
681:
655:Nature
410:by an
371:SOLRAD
332:SOLRAD
288:Period
237:Regime
166:Rocket
2613:LES-4
2608:LES-3
2603:OV2-3
2452:LCS-2
2447:OV2-1
2437:OGO-2
2427:OV1-2
2334:OSO-C
2089:OV1-3
2043:LCS-1
2038:LES-2
1801:LES-1
1796:OSO-2
1775:OV1-1
1646:ASTRE
1641:OHMIC
1636:Arcus
1567:GUSTO
1561:XRISM
1547:NICER
1535:TWINS
1524:CINDI
1451:PUNCH
1255:MIDEX
945:S-45A
910:S-46A
679:S2CID
298:Epoch
2566:FR-1
1740:1965
1594:CASE
1587:EZIE
1554:GOLD
1476:UNEX
1465:COSI
1437:GEMS
1365:SMEX
1354:UVEX
1340:MUSE
1291:FAME
950:S-55
930:S-45
920:S-56
772:2021
627:2021
563:2021
541:2021
368:NASA
364:SE-A
354:The
93:1738
58:NASA
2322:REP
2261:SEV
1573:AWE
895:S-1
671:doi
659:211
362:or
88:no.
2679::
1480:MO
935:10
729:47
677:.
669:.
657:.
645:^
499:.
414:.
392:AM
390:/
388:FM
2324:)
2320:(
1723:e
1716:t
1709:v
1484:I
1482:/
1478:/
915:8
890:5
885:4
880:3
875:2
832:e
825:t
818:v
785:.
774:.
752:.
731:.
710:.
685:.
673::
665::
640:.
629:.
607:.
576:.
565:.
543:.
521:.
447:A
358:,
208:)
159:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
