786:, which allowed all the candidates except Patassé to participate and brought the total number of candidates to 11. According to the agreement, Patassé would remain barred because he was the subject of judicial proceedings. The date of the election was also delayed to March 13, and it was agreed that the constitutional court would not be dissolved, but that it would lose powers regarding the election, which would instead go to CEMI. Subsequently, although Patassé rejected the agreement—saying that he had not authorized Luc Apollinaire Dondon, the first vice-president of the MLPC, to sign it—the MLPC announced on January 26 that it would support the candidacy of Ziguélé, who had previously been running as an independent.
234:
618:, on March 15, 2003, Bozizé said that his rule was a transitional period, and that he would step down at the end of the transition. In 2004, however, speculation increased that he intended to run in the presidential election that would mark the end of the transition, with many of his supporters calling on him to run. Eventually, following a referendum on a new constitution on December 5, 2004, Bozizé announced his candidacy in the presidential election as an independent candidate on December 11, 2004, while speaking to supporters. He cited what he considered the will of the people in his decision:
2351:
492:
36:
98:
661:, who was previously a presidential candidate in 1999, then taking about 4% of the vote, Charles Massi of the Democratic Forum for Modernity (Forum démocratique pour la modernité), also a 1999 candidate, then taking a little over 1% of the vote, Olivier Gabirault of the Alliance for Democracy and Progress (l'Alliance pour la démocratie et le progrès), Auguste Boukanga of the Union for Renewal and Development (l'Union pour la Renaissance et le développement) and Pasteur Josué Binoua.
730:, as well as with his land title. In rejecting the candidacy of Jean-Jacques Démafouth, it said that there was a conflict between the date of birth given on his birth certificate (October 3, 1950) and that given in his declaration of candidacy and criminal record (October 3, 1959). The other candidates who were rejected were Martin Ziguélé, Jean-Paul Ngoupandé, Charles Massi, Olivier Gabirault, and Pasteur Josué Binoua.
670:
753:
announcing that three of the disqualified candidates would be permitted to run: Jean-Paul
Ngoupandé, Martin Ziguélé, and Charles Massi. In this decision, he invoked presidential powers available to him according to the new constitution, citing Article 22. At the same time, however, he maintained the exclusion of the remaining four candidates, and in a reference to Patassé, who is accused of stealing 70 billion
825:
105:
607:
642:
being dismissed shortly after the first round of the election. He previously ran for president in 1981, 1993, and 1999; in 1993 he came in second place and was defeated by Patassé in the run-off. Additionally, Martin Ziguélé, who was prime minister from 2001 to 2003 (Patassé's last prime minister prior to his ouster), contested the election, along with
911:, the prime minister, as its speaker. He defeated Luc-Apollinaire Dondon Konamabaye of the MLPC, receiving 78 votes against 18 for Dondon. Bozizé was sworn in on June 11 by the head of the constitutional court, Marcel Malonga. Gaombalet resigned as prime minister after Bozizé's inauguration to take up his new post, and
832:
On March 31, official results were announced: Bozizé came in first with just under 43% of the votes, while Ziguélé came in second with 23.5%. Turnout among voters was said to have been 68.27%. Since no candidate won a majority, a second-round presidential vote was required between Bozizé and Ziguélé.
792:
Elections were also held to fill the 105 seats of the national assembly, whose members will serve five-year terms. Initially, 261 of 970 candidates were barred from running by the electoral commission on
January 10, but on January 21 a court ruling permitted 219 of the 261 to run, bringing the number
725:
On
December 30, the transitional constitutional court decided that all but five candidates—Bozizé, André Kolingba, Abel Goumba, Henri Pouzère, and former minister Auguste Boukanga—would be excluded from running for various reasons. Patassé was among the seven who were barred, which the court said was
683:
On May 24, 2004, Bozizé approved 30 members of CEMI who had been chosen by three groups: political parties, professional groups, and the national administration. Each of these three groups chose 10 of the members, although the country's 44 parties took some time to reach a compromise on who should be
895:
announced that Bozizé had won the presidential election with 64.6% of the vote. Turnout in the second round was 64.63%, slightly down from the first round. Ziguélé tried to have Bozizé's victory invalidated, claiming that soldiers had forced or intimidated people into voting for Bozizé, but this was
641:
also ran as the candidate of the
Patriotic Front for Progress (Front patriotique pour le progrès); a long-time politician, he served as prime minister in the late 1950s and again from March to December 2003, following Bozizé's seizure of power, subsequently becoming vice-president under Bozizé until
816:
Partial results (28.9% of polling stations, or 1,198 out of 4,145 stations) from the election on March 18 put Bozizé in the lead with about 55% of the votes, according to the election commission: 184,734 out of 334,732 votes counted were for Bozizé. This was over 140,000 votes more than his nearest
757:
from the national treasury, he said that he thought candidates who were "the subject of judicial proceedings, for violent and economic crimes, should be permanently rejected". This did not resolve the dispute, however, and the three he approved refused to accept his validation of their candidacies,
899:
In the legislative elections, Kwa Na Kwa won the most seats in the new parliament, taking 42 out of 105. 34 independent candidates were elected. Ziguélé and Patassé's party, the MLPC, received only 11 seats, while
Kolingba's party, the RDC, took eight. The Social Democratic Party took four seats,
752:
The court's decision caused controversy and was followed by demands for the annulment of the decision and the dissolution of the court. Although the chairman of the court, Marcel
Malonga, reaffirmed the decision on state radio on January 3, 2005, Bozizé made a conciliatory gesture on January 4 by
887:
In mid-May, there were riots in Bangui after CEMI said that the speaker of the transitional parliament (which was being replaced by the parliamentary elections), Nicolas
Tiangaye, had been narrowly defeated in his constituency by a candidate of the pro-Bozizé Kwa Na Kwa. Tiangaye called for calm
836:
In the parliamentary election, contested by a total of 909 candidates, 17 of the 105 seats were won outright in the first round; the remainder were decided by the results of the second round. Convergence Kwa Na Kwa, the coalition supporting Bozizé, did not win any seats in the first round. Among
820:
The opposition Union of Active Forces of the Nation (l'Union des forces vives de la Nation, UFVN), a grouping of Bozizé's rivals, denounced the elections on the grounds of alleged fraud and irregularities, and it called for the elections to be declared null. On the other hand, election observers
766:
on
January 15, which was carried on state radio, accusing them of "nothing more or less than sorcery" and "madness, bad faith, coupled with a dose of misinformation". He further said that, in contrast to them, his policy "does not aim at destroying the country, it is not based on violence, lies,
597:
The elections had originally been planned for
December 2004 or January 2005, with the election date announced on August 28, 2004: January 30, 2005, with a run-off date of February 27. The elections were, however, subsequently delayed to February 13 by a decree of president Bozizé in mid-December
707:
on May 17 in which he refused to say whether or not he would run, but he confirmed that Konaré had spoken to him about it, while criticizing Konaré for what he called interference in the country's affairs, and wondering whether he had consulted the opinions of the
Central African people before
573:
The presidential elections saw Bozizé attempt to win a five-year term after two years as transitional leader, alongside ten other candidates, with Patassé excluded from running. As no candidate received over 50% of the vote in the first round, a runoff was held between Bozizé and former Prime
863:
Theoretically, as all the opposition candidates (except Auguste Boukanga) were part of the UFVN, there was, based on the mathematical results of the first round, a majority against Bozizé. However, support for Ziguélé in the UFVN was not unconditional. Josué Binoua refused to endorse either
679:
In late March 2004, the National Transitional Council voted by a large majority in favor of a bill setting up a body to oversee the planned elections, the Commission électorale mixte indépendante (CEMI), which was initially planned to have 45 to 60 members. This was re-examined by National
637:, who ruled the Central African Republic from 1981 until his defeat in the 1993 election, was the candidate of the Central African Democratic Rally (Rassemblement démocratique centrafricain). He came in second in the September 1999 election, although Patassé defeated him by a wide margin.
758:
accusing Bozizé of trying to divide the opposition. All seven of the initially barred candidates continued to demand the dissolution of the court and also put forward a request for the invalidation of Bozizé's own candidacy. A few days later, Bozizé fired the justice minister,
708:
getting involved. He stressed that the matter would depend on the will of the people. Some of his supporters campaigned prominently for him to stand. About 5,000 people walked in Bangui on June 19 to support his candidacy; Bozizé thanked them and asked for time to reflect.
884:, said that CEMI had 15 days from the election to make the final results public, and that the inauguration of the winner would follow 45 days after the results were proclaimed; CEMI's mandate was also to come to an end at that time.
841:, the wife of presidential candidate André Kolingba. Three of the presidential candidates who were defeated in the first round, Abel Goumba, Charles Massi, and Henri Pouzère, ran in the parliamentary second round.
879:
province. Subsequently, partial results from CEMI on May 16 showed Bozizé with slightly more than 60% of the total vote, according to results from 1,698 of the country's 4,161 polling stations. The head of CEMI,
2317:
2524:
688:
was subsequently chosen as president of the commission, selected out of four candidates, two of whom were nominated by the prime minister and two by the president of the National Transitional Council.
338:
598:
2004. In late January 2005, they were delayed further by one month to March 13. They were held on this date, and the second round of the elections, initially scheduled for May 1, took place on May 8.
741:, a former mayor of Bangui and an opponent of Bozizé's transitional government, announced his withdrawal on the morning of December 30 because he could not pay the required guarantee of five million
867:
Early results from CEMI on May 12 showed Bozizé with a strong lead. In Bangui, he was said to have received 103,446 votes, while Ziguélé took 42,959. He also was credited with 79.5% of the vote in
2588:
2519:
856:
The run-off between Bozizé and Ziguélé, initially scheduled to take place on May 1, was postponed to May 8. The reason for the postponement was to avoid interference with the marking of
623:
After thinking thoroughly, and being deeply convinced and keeping in mind the nation's interest, I grasped the deep sense of my people's calls. As a citizen, I'll take my responsibility.
2583:
2552:
1818:"The situation in the Central African Republic and the activities of the United Nations Peace-building Support Office in the Central African Republic: Report of the Secretary-General"
529:
1520:
2347:
2659:
762:(also secretary-general of Ngoupandé's party), after she made a statement critical of the government. Bozizé sharply criticized the seven candidates in a speech in the city of
2578:
2547:
1555:
1193:
1934:
460:
456:
301:
804:
in each of the two polls, presidential and parliamentary, and an awareness campaign about this was launched on February 2, continuing until February 26. Previously, a
2562:
2557:
2542:
1345:
992:
719:
586:
419:
137:
1465:
805:
357:
789:
An official list of candidates, including 11 of them and excluding only Patassé, was published by the election commission on January 26, following the agreement.
473:
17:
2363:
801:
547:
522:
442:
279:
1590:
2339:
1430:
1181:
711:
An electoral census was conducted from October 16 to October 29, 2004; it was initially planned to end on October 24 but was extended for several days.
2649:
1640:
1415:
770:
Amidst this tension and controversy, the seven excluded candidates, along with the originally accepted candidates Kolingba and Goumba, called for the
2436:
515:
432:
808:
had been used in elections. Subsequently, the campaign for the elections began on the morning of February 26 and lasted until midnight on March 11.
2209:
900:
Goumba's party, the FPP, took two seats, the Alliance for Democracy took two seats, and the Londo association took one. The vote for one seat, in
2446:
2441:
2289:
1450:
1040:
647:
372:
684:
their 10 members. The 31st and last member of CEMI, its president, was not named at this time, however. The 30 members were sworn in on June 4.
559:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
567:
291:
2654:
733:
Prior to the court's decision, three of the 15 initial candidates had already withdrawn from the race, leaving only 12 candidacies to judge.
313:
2496:
2491:
2428:
2411:
2406:
1644:
554:. A second round was held for both elections on May 8, marking the end of the transitional process that began with the seizure of power by
551:
402:
333:
254:
247:
2593:
2476:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2287:"RAPPORT DE LA MISSION D’OBSERVATION DES ELECTIONS PRESIDENTIELLE ET LEGISLATIVES DES 13 MARS ET 8 MAI 2005 EN REPUBLIQUE CENTRAFRICAINE"
367:
259:
722:(Mouvement pour la Libération du Peuple Centrafricain, MLPC). In December, Abel Goumba and Henri Pouzère submitted applications to run.
2391:
2376:
2371:
326:
63:
745:; he had been named as a candidate by his party, the Democratic Movement for Renewal and Development in Central Africa, in May 2004.
2355:
388:
1594:
1524:
1504:
1484:
1434:
1384:
1364:
1329:
582:
224:
864:
candidate, while Ngoupandé, Massi and Goumba backed Bozizé. Kolingba, the third-place finisher, did not endorse either candidate.
2332:
1931:
1380:
478:
633:
Ten other candidates also contested the presidential election, including one former president and three former prime ministers.
1570:
1500:
2186:
502:
2501:
2486:
2471:
2466:
2416:
2401:
2386:
2381:
2094:
2078:
2053:
2037:
2021:
1360:
407:
77:
749:, who was prime minister for several months in 1993 and took a little more than 1% in the 1999 election, withdrew as well.
680:
Transitional Council at the government's request in April 2004, and on April 30, Bozizé issued the decree promulgating it.
628:
I'll contest the election to achieve the task of rebuilding the country, which is dear to me and according to your wish.
2325:
2644:
782:. On January 22, the matter was effectively resolved through the signing by Bozizé and his rivals of an agreement in
468:
1400:
1018:
737:, who took less than 1% of the vote in the 1999 presidential election, withdrew in favor of Bozizé on December 23.
1574:
1164:
817:
rivals, Ziguélé and Kolingba, who took 12.86% (43,058 votes) and 12.65% (42,374 votes) of the vote respectively.
496:
1610:
1062:
2252:
1899:
1822:"PORTANT ORGANISATION, COMPOSITION ET FONCTIONNEMENT DE LA COMMISSION ELECTORALE MIXTE INDEPENDANTE «CEMI»"
1540:
1480:
1084:
1858:
284:
1817:
704:
1298:
2534:
2206:
2286:
1141:
718:
following his 2003 ousting by Bozizé, was nominated as the presidential candidate of his party, the
654:
578:, resulting in a victory for Bozizé, who received 64.6% of the vote. He was inaugurated on 11 June.
2350:
746:
543:
1842:
1821:
563:
759:
1874:"Patasse to run as party's candidate in Central African Republic vote", AFP, November 22, 2004.
1625:
585:
party emerged as the largest in the National Assembly, winning 42 of the 105 seats, whilst the
233:
203:
188:
132:
1035:
643:
1979:"Central African candidates reject president's idea and court ruling", AFP, January 5, 2005.
908:
692:
446:
2207:"Synthèse: Bozizé, vainqueur des élections présidentielle et législatives en Centrafrique"
1915:
1707:
1186:
963:
555:
199:
184:
115:
2238:"Opposition supporters riot after partial Central African vote result", AFP, May 15, 2005.
2128:
2069:"Central African presidential candidate officially cleared to run", AFP. January 27, 2005.
734:
8:
987:
892:
881:
685:
673:
575:
120:
606:
97:
2309:
2271:
2171:
2159:
2144:
2012:"Central African president reaches election deal with rivals", AFP, January 22, 2005.
1988:
1967:
1883:"Veteran vice president to contest Central African election", AFP, December 16, 2004.
1805:
1793:
1758:
1746:
1734:
1719:
868:
838:
837:
those who did win seats were Jean-Paul Ngoupandé, also a presidential candidate, and
727:
342:
2119:"Central African opposition wants March 13 vote declared null", AFP, March 22, 2005.
1013:
872:
848:, voters destroyed election materials and results there were cancelled as a result.
794:
634:
2183:
738:
1101:
714:
In November 2004, former president Ange-Félix Patassé, who was living in exile in
658:
2293:
2229:"Bozize takes Central Africa's capital on early poll results", AFP, May 12, 2005.
2213:
2190:
1938:
904:
in the south, was cancelled due to fraud, and another vote had to be held there.
703:, reportedly urged Bozizé not to stand for election. Bozizé gave an interview to
1958:"Opposition presidential candidate chosen in Central Africa", AFP, May 20, 2004.
1833:"Electoral commission appointed in Central African Republic", AFP, May 25, 2004.
1121:
306:
1686:
912:
907:
The new parliament met for the first time on June 3. Subsequently, it elected
2638:
1781:
1057:
696:
2095:"Élections présidentielle et législatives fixées au 13 mars en Centrafrique"
875:, also won the seat she was contesting, constituency Bimbo 2) and 93.7% in
2054:"Le parti de l'ex-président centrafricain Patassé soutient Martin Ziguélé"
797:, was among the 709 candidates who were initially approved on January 10.
1079:
901:
800:
The 2005 election marked the first time that the country's voters used a
638:
650:(Parti de l'unité nationale), who was prime minister from 1996 to 1997.
857:
783:
779:
1932:"Présidentielles: Fidèle Gouandjika se désiste en faveur de M. Bozizé"
2079:"Scrutins en RCA: Campagne de sensibilisation sur le bulletin unique"
1722:, Integrated Regional Information Networks (IRIN), December 14, 2004.
771:
754:
742:
2038:"L'ex-président Patassé rejette l'accord "arbitraire" de Libreville"
2022:"Accord pour une présidentielle centrafricaine avec onze candidats"
1900:"Présidentielle en RCA: seuls cinq candidats admis à se présenter"
2000:"CAR president hits out at barred rivals", AFP, January 15, 2005.
669:
876:
763:
615:
1843:""Sans Bozizé, pas de vote" en 2005, ont scandé les marcheurs"
1706:"Central African Republic sets dates in 2005 for elections",
845:
775:
1735:"Election postponed, but most banned candidates can now run"
2184:"Présidentielle: pas de consigne de vote du pasteur Binoua"
715:
700:
1968:"Bozize repeals court ban on some presidential candidates"
824:
104:
2356:
Elections and referendums in the Central African Republic
1346:
Movement for the Liberation of the Central African People
993:
Movement for the Liberation of the Central African People
860:
on May 1. Campaigning took place from April 23 to May 6.
720:
Movement for the Liberation of the Central African People
587:
Movement for the Liberation of the Central African People
1466:
Movement for Democracy, Independence and Social Progress
2110:"Bozize leads in C.African polls", AFP, March 18, 2005.
1759:"Bozize to contest presidency as independent candidate"
1720:"Elections postponed; possible candidate goes on trial"
2660:
Presidential elections in the Central African Republic
614:
After taking power with the seizure of the capital,
589:emerged as the second-largest party with 12 seats.
1820:, United Nations Security Council, June 16, 2004;
653:The other candidates were former defense minister
932:
581:In the simultaneous parliamentary elections, the
570:in December 2004 and took effect the same month.
2636:
175:
1747:"Bozize to step down after transitional period"
2310:"Bozize inaugurated, prime minister appointed"
2131:, Radio France Internationale, March 31, 2005
1859:"Fin du recensement Ă©lectoral en Centrafrique"
2333:
1730:
1728:
888:among his supporters "to avoid a bloodbath."
523:
1782:"Elections in the Central African Republic"
1777:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1767:
2340:
2326:
2282:
2280:
2267:
2265:
2129:"Second tour : Bozizé face à Ziguélé"
1725:
844:In voting that was taking place abroad in
530:
516:
2650:Elections in the Central African Republic
664:
2253:"Bozizé fait coup double aux élections "
2160:"Poll results out 22 May, official says"
1764:
823:
811:
695:, the chairman of the commission of the
668:
605:
225:Politics of the Central African Republic
2277:
2262:
2248:
2246:
2244:
2008:
2006:
1895:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1381:National Party for a New Central Africa
18:2005 Central African Republic elections
14:
2637:
2272:"New parliament meets, elects speaker"
2155:
2153:
1571:Movement for Unity, Peace and Security
1521:Movement for Democracy and Development
1501:National Union for Democracy and Rally
896:rejected by the constitutional court.
2321:
1361:Party for Democracy in Central Africa
1315:
1279:
1262:
1245:
1228:
955:
952:
949:
946:
941:
938:
935:
871:province (where his wife, First Lady
793:of candidates to 928. Bozizé's wife,
566:. A new constitution was approved in
28:2005 Central African general election
2655:2005 in the Central African Republic
2241:
2003:
1886:
1845:, AFP (Sangonet.com), June 19, 2004
1306:
821:endorsed the vote as free and fair.
767:betrayal, manipulation or strikes".
2255:, AFP (Sangonet.com), May 25, 2005
2150:
1556:Alliance for Democracy and Progress
1194:Alliance for Democracy and Progress
542:General elections were held in the
497:Central African Republic portal
24:
2145:"17 MPs elected in 1st round poll"
1916:"La RĂ©daction/Centrafrique Presse"
25:
2671:
1330:National Convergence "Kwa Na Kwa"
583:National Convergence "Kwa Na Kwa"
2349:
1401:Central African Democratic Rally
1019:Central African Democratic Rally
490:
232:
103:
96:
34:
2303:
2232:
2223:
2200:
2177:
2165:
2138:
2122:
2113:
2104:
2088:
2072:
2063:
2047:
2031:
2015:
1994:
1989:"Bozize sacks justice minister"
1982:
1973:
1961:
1952:
1925:
1909:
1877:
1868:
1852:
1836:
1827:
1165:Union for Renewal and Democracy
851:
546:on March 13, 2005 to elect the
461:in the Central African Republic
2296:, democratie.francophonie.org
1918:, TchadForum, January 8, 2005
1811:
1799:
1787:
1752:
1740:
1713:
1700:
1611:Democratic Forum for Modernity
1063:Democratic Forum for Modernity
915:was appointed to replace him.
13:
1:
2172:"Run-off polls set for 8 May"
1806:"Electoral commission set up"
1784:, African Elections Database.
1694:
601:
592:
2097:, izf.net, February 3, 2005
2081:, izf.net, February 2, 2005
2056:, izf.net, January 26, 2005
2040:, izf.net, January 26, 2005
2024:, izf.net, January 24, 2005
1541:Patriotic Front for Progress
1481:Action Party for Development
1085:Patriotic Front for Progress
923:
439:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
7:
705:Radio France Internationale
69:13 March 2005 (first round)
10:
2676:
1761:, IRIN, December 13, 2004.
1299:African Elections Database
918:
2571:
2533:
2512:
2427:
2362:
1991:, IRIN, January 10, 2005.
1937:January 29, 2005, at the
1902:, AFP, December 30, 2004
1794:"Bozize sacks his deputy"
1737:, IRIN, January 25, 2005.
1684:
1680:
1669:
1591:National Democratic Front
1321:
1318:
1296:
1280:Registered voters/turnout
1224:
1207:
1203:
1174:
1154:
1134:
1114:
1094:
1072:
1050:
1028:
726:due to problems with his
562:, overthrowing President
285:Faustin-Archange Touadéra
214:
180:President before election
173:
88:
72:8 May 2005 (second round)
57:
50:
44:
32:
2645:2005 elections in Africa
1970:, IRIN, January 5, 2005.
1861:, AFP, October 29, 2004
1431:Liberal Democratic Party
699:and former president of
544:Central African Republic
358:Administrative divisions
2429:Parliamentary elections
2216:, Xinhua, May 25, 2005
2174:, IRIN, April 14, 2005.
1796:, IRIN, March 16, 2005.
1749:, IRIN, April 28, 2003.
1710:(AFP), August 28, 2004.
1416:Social Democratic Party
2364:Presidential elections
2312:, IRIN, June 13, 2005.
2147:, IRIN, April 4, 2005.
1824:, presidential decree.
1808:, IRIN, April 1, 2004.
1142:Jean-Jacques DĂ©mafouth
829:
806:multiple ballot system
676:
665:Events and controversy
655:Jean-Jacques DĂ©mafouth
611:
457:Diplomatic missions of
2274:, IRIN, June 9, 2005.
2193:, AMI, April 5, 2005
2162:, IRIN, May 11, 2005.
827:
812:First round aftermath
691:Earlier in the year,
672:
609:
52:Presidential election
1945:, December 23, 2004
1708:Agence France-Presse
1451:National Unity Party
1041:National Unity Party
760:Lea Koyassoum-Doumta
648:National Unity Party
314:Council of Ministers
1312:
1246:Invalid/blank votes
1036:Jean-Paul Ngoupandé
929:
893:Jean Willybiro-Sako
882:Jean Willybiro-Sako
747:Enoch Dérant-Lakoué
686:Jean Willybiro-Sako
674:Jean Willybiro-Sako
644:Jean-Paul Ngoupandé
29:
2292:2007-06-22 at the
2212:2005-10-17 at the
2189:2007-09-28 at the
1311:
928:
909:CĂ©lestin Gaombalet
830:
693:Alpha Oumar Konaré
677:
612:
564:Ange-Félix Patassé
447:Sylvie BaĂŻpo-Temon
144:Popular vote
27:
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1692:
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1626:Löndö Association
1307:National Assembly
1304:
1303:
1182:Olivier Gabirault
839:Mireille Kolingba
735:Fidèle Gouandjika
728:birth certificate
552:National Assembly
540:
539:
474:Visa requirements
433:Foreign relations
420:Political parties
395:Recent elections
343:Simplice Sarandji
334:National Assembly
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869:Ombella-M'Poko
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828:Martin Ziguélé
813:
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795:Monique Bozizé
666:
663:
635:André Kolingba
631:
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1105:
1103:
1102:Henri Pouzère
1100:
1098:
1097:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1075:
1069:
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1058:Charles Massi
1056:
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861:
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849:
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840:
834:
826:
822:
818:
809:
807:
803:
802:single ballot
798:
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790:
787:
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765:
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756:
750:
748:
744:
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723:
721:
717:
712:
709:
706:
702:
698:
697:African Union
694:
689:
687:
681:
675:
671:
662:
660:
659:Henri Pouzère
657:, the lawyer
656:
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629:
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323:
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315:
312:
308:
305:
304:
303:
300:
296:Not appointed
295:
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270:
261:
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127:
124:
122:
119:
117:
114:
111:
110:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92:
91:
87:
80: →
79:
76:
74:
67:
65:
62:←
61:
60:
56:
49:
43:
31:
19:
2502:
2481:
2417:
2396:
2305:
2234:
2225:
2202:
2179:
2167:
2140:
2124:
2115:
2106:
2090:
2074:
2065:
2049:
2033:
2017:
1996:
1984:
1975:
1963:
1954:
1942:
1927:
1911:
1879:
1870:
1854:
1838:
1829:
1813:
1801:
1789:
1754:
1742:
1715:
1702:
1659:Independents
1332:independents
1122:Josué Binoua
942:Second round
906:
898:
890:
886:
866:
862:
855:
852:Second round
843:
835:
831:
819:
815:
799:
791:
788:
769:
751:
732:
724:
713:
710:
690:
682:
678:
652:
632:
627:
622:
613:
596:
580:
572:
568:a referendum
541:
408:
307:FĂ©lix Moloua
255:Human rights
248:Constitution
198:
194:
183:
179:
160:
147:
68:
2572:Referendums
2298:(in French)
2257:(in French)
2218:(in French)
2195:(in French)
2133:(in French)
2099:(in French)
2083:(in French)
2058:(in French)
2042:(in French)
2026:(in French)
1947:(in French)
1920:(in French)
1904:(in French)
1863:(in French)
1847:(in French)
1263:Total votes
1229:Valid votes
1185: [
1146:Independent
1126:Independent
1106:Independent
1080:Abel Goumba
968:Independent
939:First round
902:Boganangone
891:On May 24,
639:Abel Goumba
479:Visa policy
368:Prefectures
260:LGBT rights
204:Independent
189:Independent
157:Percentage
133:Independent
2639:Categories
2589:1946 (Oct)
2584:1946 (May)
2553:1946 (Nov)
2548:1946 (Jun)
1695:References
858:Labour Day
784:Libreville
780:Omar Bongo
778:president
755:CFA francs
743:CFA francs
602:Candidates
593:Background
327:Parliament
274:Government
1943:Le Figaro
1289:1,452,211
1283:1,302,930
933:Candidate
924:President
913:Élie Doté
772:mediation
574:Minister
548:President
401:General:
389:Elections
339:President
280:President
2290:Archived
2210:Archived
2187:Archived
1935:Archived
1685:Source:
1297:Source:
776:Gabonese
469:Passport
443:Minister
152:334,716
112:Nominee
2525:2021–22
2497:2020–21
2492:2015–16
2412:2020–21
2407:2015–16
1272:977,730
1266:946,616
1238:945,619
1232:889,594
1217:945,619
1211:889,594
1023:145,495
1003:334,716
997:209,357
977:610,903
971:382,241
919:Results
646:of the
403:2020–21
165:35.40%
148:610,903
93:
1275:100.00
1269:100.00
1255:32,111
1249:57,022
1220:100.00
1214:100.00
1149:11,279
1129:13,559
1109:18,647
1089:22,297
1067:28,618
1045:45,182
877:Lobaye
764:Mobaye
616:Bangui
161:64.60%
129:Party
1670:Total
1319:Seats
1316:Party
1292:67.33
1286:72.65
1241:96.72
1235:93.98
1208:Total
1198:5,834
1189:]
1169:7,085
1026:16.36
1006:35.40
1000:23.53
980:64.60
974:42.97
953:Votes
947:Votes
936:Party
846:Paris
558:in a
2624:2023
2619:2015
2614:2004
2609:1994
2604:1986
2599:1981
2594:1958
2579:1945
2563:1956
2558:1951
2543:1945
2520:1988
2503:2025
2487:2011
2482:2005
2477:1998
2472:1993
2467:1992
2462:1987
2457:1964
2452:1959
2447:1957
2442:1952
2437:1946
2418:2025
2402:2011
2397:2005
2392:1999
2387:1993
2382:1992
2377:1981
2372:1964
1687:EISA
1645:CSDC
1258:3.28
1252:6.02
1201:0.66
1172:0.80
1152:1.27
1132:1.52
1112:2.10
1092:2.51
1070:3.22
1048:5.08
716:Togo
701:Mali
550:and
409:2025
138:MLPC
78:2011
64:1999
1673:105
1665:New
1652:New
1641:PSD
1633:New
1595:KNK
1575:KNK
1563:–13
1548:New
1525:KNK
1505:KNK
1493:–36
1485:KNK
1473:New
1458:New
1443:New
1435:KNK
1408:New
1393:New
1385:KNK
1365:KNK
1353:New
1338:New
1322:+/–
774:of
2641::
2279:^
2264:^
2243:^
2152:^
2005:^
1941:,
1888:^
1766:^
1727:^
1676:–4
1662:27
1618:–1
1603:–3
1583:–5
1513:–1
1423:–6
1373:+1
1350:11
1335:16
1187:fr
459:/
445::
341::
2341:e
2334:t
2327:v
2300:.
2259:.
2220:.
2197:.
2135:.
2101:.
2085:.
2060:.
2044:.
2028:.
1949:.
1922:.
1906:.
1865:.
1849:.
1649:1
1643:–
1630:1
1615:1
1600:1
1597:)
1593:(
1580:1
1577:)
1573:(
1560:2
1545:2
1533:0
1530:2
1527:)
1523:(
1510:2
1507:)
1503:(
1490:2
1487:)
1483:(
1470:3
1455:3
1440:3
1437:)
1433:(
1420:5
1405:7
1390:7
1387:)
1383:(
1370:8
1367:)
1363:(
956:%
950:%
531:e
524:t
517:v
20:)
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