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palace, the 4th
Regiment became one of his favourite military units and its soldiers enjoyed the status of his personal guard. This meant that the Grand Duke, very fond of his military units, while also cruel and brutal in their treatment, would march the regiment's soldiers days and nights, in every
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with their regimental flags, swore an oath to the
Russian Tsar and became the cadre of a newly-formed infantry regiment with the same number. Their old regimental flag was retired and is preserved in the Warsaw-based
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170:, the regiment rebelled against the Russian Tsar together with most of the army of the Kingdom of Poland. It fought from the very first day of the uprising and distinguished itself in the
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weather. The maltreated regiment's morale was low, yet any sign of discontent was brutally repressed: among those punished was the regiment's Major, a freemason,
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and remains one of the best-known units of the Polish Army of the era. The soldiers of the regiment are known in Polish historical works as the
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154:, he was sentenced to seven years of imprisonment, but eventually was held without trial for 46 years in Russian prisons, most of that in
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crosses: five 3rd class, 55 fourth class and 154 fifth class. This made it one of the most highly decorated Polish units of the epoch.
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213:" ("A Thousand Brave Men") both by the press and general populace. This nickname was popularised in Europe by a German poet
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Soldiers of the 4th
Regiment wore navy blue uniforms with characteristic yellow facings inherited from the Napoleonic-era
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86:. After Napoleon lost control of Poland in 1812, the regiment remained loyal to the emperor and fought in battles of
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217:, who published in 1832 a popular poem idealising the regiment and its actions during the war of 1830-1831.
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Like its predecessor, the new regiment was based in Warsaw and its main barracks were in the
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8:
108:
427:
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87:
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226:
383:]. Biblioteka Muzeum Wojska (in Polish). Warsaw: Towarzystwo Wiedzy Wojskowej.
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103:
72:
52:
40:
151:
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Peasant-Czwartacy: the history of the 4th
Regiment of Line Infantry, 1815-1831
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199:
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A German contemporary poem glorifying the actions of the 4th
Regiment in the
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The lineage of Polish regiments and regiment-sized units from 1717 til 1831
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Regiment", the soldiers of the new unit continued to use the nickname of
55:. Formed in 1815, the regiment distinguished itself in the battles of the
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Rodowody pułków polskich i oddziałów równorzędnych od r. 1717 do r. 1831
409:]. Biblioteka Macierzy Polskiej (in Polish). Lwów: Macierz Polska.
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449:(in Polish). Kraków: Ośrodek Kultury Biblioteka Polskiej Piosenki
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Chłopi-czwartacy: z dziejów pułku 4 piechoty liniowej 1815-1831
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The matter is discussed in: Kostołowski, pp. 12-25 and onwards
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396:]. Wieś i Państwo (in Polish). Vol. 10. Lwów: Wieś.
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During the uprising the unit also was often referred to as "
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206:("Men of the Fourth"), which had achieved some notoriety.
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from a broad cross-section of society including noblemen (
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Lt.Col. Wit
Czajkowski, (1818, again from 18 March 1831)
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During the
November Uprising, the regiment received 214
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The regiment was directly descended from the
Napoleonic
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491:Military units and formations established in 1815
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141:Because of the proximity of the barracks to the
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270:Lt.Col. Józef Borzęcki (from 22 September 1831)
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401:Zofia Krzemicka (1930). Ludwik Finkel (ed.).
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420:Madame Chłodna: Story of a Street in Warsaw
416:Pani Chłodna: opowieść o warszawskiej ulicy
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260:Lt.Col. Klemens Jórski (from 22 April 1831)
118:. The regiment was recruited in and around
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143:Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich's
150:. Denounced as the founder of a
441:Waldemar Domański, ed. (2011).
403:Powstanie listopadowe 1830-1831
373:Bronisław Gembarzewski (1925).
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233:Regimental commanding officers
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166:Following the outbreak of the
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486:1815 establishments in Poland
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471:Infantry regiments of Poland
447:Biblioteka Polskiej Piosenki
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178:, as well as the battles of
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422:] (in Polish). Warsaw:
414:Artur III Nadolski (2008).
407:November Uprising 1830-1831
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388:Erazm Kostołowski (1938).
198:Officially named the "4th
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37:4th Line Infantry Regiment
45:4. pułk piechoty liniowej
445:[4th Regiment].
96:his abdication and exile
350:Krzemicka, pp. 162-163
176:Second Battle of Wawer
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32:
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77:4th Infantry Regiment
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359:Domański (ed.), p. 1
257:(from 17 April 1831)
156:solitary confinement
320:Gembarzewski, p. 69
267:(from 20 June 1831)
148:Walerian Łukasiński
30:battle of Ostrołęka
265:Kazimierz Majewski
245:Ludwik Bogusławski
109:Polish Army Museum
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481:November Uprising
255:Stanisław Kindler
211:Tysiąc Walecznych
168:November Uprising
162:November Uprising
104:Kingdom of Poland
98:to the Island of
57:November Uprising
53:Kingdom of Poland
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227:Virtuti Militari
188:Battle of Warsaw
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451:. Retrieved
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215:Julius Mosen
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180:Dębe Wielkie
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221:Decorations
130:, and many
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465:Categories
453:2013-10-18
280:References
285:Citations
204:Czwartacy
194:Nicknames
184:Ostrołęka
61:Czwartacy
263:Lt.Col.
253:Lt.Col.
136:peasants
128:burghers
124:szlachta
94:. After
49:regiment
47:) was a
424:Bellona
88:Leipzig
67:History
51:of the
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120:Warsaw
41:Polish
418:[
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243:Col.
172:First
132:serfs
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428:ISBN
174:and
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100:Elba
90:and
35:The
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