594:. An estimated one million Filipinos were killed during the war, out of a wartime population of 17 million, and many more were injured. Nearly every Filipino family was hurt by the war on some level. Despite this, "Filipinos are not as offended as the Chinese or the Koreans are, for example, about the fact that these atrocities are given only fleeting attention in Japanese classrooms, if at all...". The soothing of Filipino anger towards Japanese imperialism is helped by close ties with the Japanese people and cooperation of Japan government with the Philippines government for infrastructure building and rural development. However, many Filipinos still do harbor anger toward the Japanese government. For example, there are the anti Japanese-U.S. military alliance protests and the comfort women issues.
768:. There is much controversy surrounding this subject namely, to what extent the women were forced and to who moral culpability falls on. On one side, some groups in Japan claimed that prior to Japanese expansion, brothels always existed in the eastern and southeastern regions of Asia in order to service European and American sailors and merchant vessels. According to Bradley Martin, a journalist and expert on Korean history, claims the majority of comfort women actually volunteered to work in the brothels, as employment in the occupied areas was very limited. On the other side, most of academia, especially of nations outside Japan, assert that the majority of comfort women were young girls abducted from their homes and forced into prostitution by the Japanese government and
868:
territory. Japan fears that
Chinese drilling is likely to remove oil from Japan's side of territory claimed by Japan through suction. After two years of repeated requests to China to disclose information on the deposits in the hope of co-development, on April 13, 2005, Japan granted drilling rights to two Japanese companies, a move immediately protested by the Chinese as the drilling will take place in disputed territorial waters. The companies have not yet been formally granted permission to drill and this is expected to take several months. China National Offshore Oil Corporation, a Chinese, state-owned company, plans to drill near the disputed
303:
155:
25:
637:), provided that they do not contain factual errors or personal opinions. The particular concern of the 2005 demonstrations was the textbook of the Japanese Society for History Textbook Reform. Since its official authorization in 2001, this textbook has hampered relations between Japan and its East Asian neighbors, primarily
260:
The official PRC attitude towards the demonstrations is considered by foreign observers as enigmatic. On the one hand, the government allowed the demonstrations to occur in the first place. While the PRC policed the protests, some observers believe that measures to rein in the violence and property
140:
Across China, businesses with connections to Japan were vandalized by protesters, as were billboards advertising
Japanese goods and stores stocking Japanese-made products. Most of the damage was caused to businesses which were Chinese-owned and operated. Several Japanese nationals residing in China
790:
were conducted on
Chinese and ethnic Korean civilians; Allied POWs were also subjected to experimentation. After the war, China (PRC) demanded data from these experiments in exchange for not raising the issue, while the U.S. granted immunity from prosecution to many of the scientists involved (see
742:
France and the United
Kingdom supported their bid, but there was strong sentiment against the idea from Japan's Far Eastern neighbors, including P5 member, China.. Suggestions have been made that affording Japan too much power on an international level could result in the re-emergence of Japanese
506:
has been severely critical of the content of
Japanese history textbooks, in the wave of 2005 revisions of the textbooks, Taiwan has, for the most part, been much quieter than the PRC. This is indicative of the relatively high level of tension in the relationship between the PRC and the ROC and the
867:
China has been drilling in the Xihu Trough since 2003. China's claims to these islands come from its claim of the entire continental shelf. Japan's claim is by the standard 200 nautical mile (370 km) EEZ international maritime treaty. Practically speaking, both nations have split the
573:, President Roh demanded Japan takes step to properly educate its citizens. He told Takemura that the teaching of history should not be treated as the academic matter and freely discussed but as the political matter and with the responsibility falling on the government to control it.
417:, no large-scale anti-PRC rallies or demonstrations took place, although a small number of protesters demonstrated outside PRC consulates, and in one case a spent cartridge case was mailed to Chinese officials. Nevertheless, more and more people canceled their travel plans to
589:
has been much quieter than other Asian countries invaded by the
Japanese during World War II, even though many atrocities were committed by the invading Japanese during the war, such as the systematic rape of Filipino women whom the Japanese referred to as
653:
article from
September 2005, in the four years since its initial adoption, the textbook is only being used in 0.04% of Japan's junior high schools, which is far from the 10% penetration that the Japanese Society for History Textbook Reform had aimed for.
717:
While the use of the word "incident" is standard
Japanese historiographical terminology for focal events, such as Tiananmen "Incident" (天安門事件) rather than massacre, it is objected to by Chinese as a deliberate playing down of the events in question.
284:
systems in close proximity to protest rally points were shut down. However, this policy was contradicted in several cities, including
Beijing, where city buses were used by the municipal authorities to ferry students into the protests. Students at
704:, after the capital's fall to Japanese troops on 13 December 1937. This event and associated atrocities breeds considerable anger in many Chinese today. The Japanese textbook in question only briefly mentions the atrocities committed and refers to
712:
many
Chinese soldiers and civilians were killed or wounded by Japanese troops (the Nanjing Incident). Documentary evidence has raised doubts about the actual number of victims claimed by the incident. The debate continues even today" (p. 49).
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have also pointed out that historical inaccuracies are not limited to Japanese textbooks, but that Chinese government-made textbooks are equally rife with omissions and non-neutral point of view. Cases of questioned text include the
1299:. Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, 1968. Written as a counterweight to the controversial textbooks, it attempts to survey the reasons for and the conduct of the Pacific War from 1931 to 1945. Translated and entitled variously:
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have issued reports and passed resolutions calling on Japan to take clear, full and open responsibility for the war crimes of the Japanese military against women who were forced into prostitution during World War II.
645:. In early 2005, news of the Japanese government's re-authorization of the "Atarashii Rekishi Kyokasho" led to multinational public protest demonstrations. The textbook has been publicly denounced by the
440:. However, Xinhua omitted in its report that in this meeting the Japanese negotiators demanded an apology and compensation for damage against Japanese property and people. That demand was rejected by
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vigorously protested the official approval of the 2005 Japanese history textbooks. South Korean Minister of Trade Kim Hyun-Chong canceled a planned visit to an Asian trade summit in Japan.
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1104:
607:
A significant contributing factor to the demonstrations was Japanese state approval of the "Atarashii Rekishi Kyōkasho" (新しい歴史教科書, the New History Textbook) written by the
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633:
Japan's official policy is that publishers have the right to freedom of speech. The central government does have the right to stop textbooks from being published (see
1799:
739:
315:
1370:- English translation of the schoolbook which is criticized by China and the Republic of Korea (Modern times history relation & contemporary history relation)
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reported that in the meeting held in Beijing between PRC and Japanese foreign ministers, the Japanese minister offered an apology for Japan's wrongdoings during
1977:
1437:
455:
recorded a sharp plunge on Monday, April 18, and correlations between the demonstrations and Sino-Japanese economic ties are raised in the financial industry.
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have argued that the controversy is being allowed by the PRC government partly in order to further a multitude of political goals. American news outlets
265:, withholding coverage from a national audience. State-owned media in the PRC nevertheless carried extensive coverage of anti-Japanese demonstrations in
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42:
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Universities also reported receiving phone calls from university authorities encouraging them to demonstrate. In the second half of April 2005, the
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1238:
2007:
1618:
738:(Brazil, Germany, India and Japan) issued a joint declaration supporting each other's bids for permanent membership status on the UNSC.. Current
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published several articles to calm down the protesters, and the Ministry of Public Security declared that "unauthorized marches were illegal".
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61:
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PRC police tactics are perceived to be similar to those utilized when demonstrations were held outside the American embassy in Beijing after
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649:. According to a CNN article in April 2004, it is being used by only 18 of the nation's 11,102 junior high schools. According to a recent
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68:
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government on Taiwan claim them. Tensions over the islands have surfaced in the late 1990s and were one issue in the 2005 protests in
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first applied for permanent member status in 1969, but failed to win support from the international community. In September 2004, the
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expressed his "deep remorse and heartfelt apology" for the suffering that Japan caused other Asian nations during World War II at the
444:, the Chinese foreign minister. Meanwhile, the Japanese foreign ministry officially denied the news reports from the state-controlled
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has been extended to subjects related to the protests. Many universities prohibited students from coming onto or leaving the campus.
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as sexual slaves and demand Japan take responsibility and formally apologize and educate the next generation about such an atrocity.
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57:
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515:, a declaration that angered the PRC, which protested that this declaration constituted interference in "internal affairs".
1940:
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In 1942, the Japanese military began testing various chemical and biological agents as an alternate method to win the war.
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owned by Chinese) as well as people, prompting the Japanese government to demand an apology and compensation for damages.
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condemned the official approval of the revision of Japanese textbooks. One official was quoted as calling the textbooks "
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damage were deliberately ineffective. However, the PRC has only indirectly reported the current protests in state-owned
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Another contribution to the spark in anti-Japanese sentiment in 2005 was Japan's bid for permanent membership on the
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1411:
Essay: "Origins of the April 2005 Anti-Japanese Protests in the People's Republic of China", by Aron Patrick
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2017:
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also issued a statement of protest against the official approval of the 2005 Japanese history textbooks.
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269:, as well as distant but related events, such as the European commemoration of the liberation of the
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857:. Both countries are net importers of energy, and the energy needs of China are mushrooming. The
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364:'patriotism no crime') is popular, albeit in a sarcastic sense, among the PRC protesters.
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Politics, Memory and Public Opinion : The History Textbook Controversy and Japanese Society
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in the spring of 2005. They were sparked off by a number of issues, including the approval of a
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were a series of demonstrations, some peaceful, some violent, which were held across most of
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In late April 2005, peaceful marches and rallies concerning Japanese war crimes during the
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448:, which reports little about the ongoing patriotic demonstrations in major Chinese cities.
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The Pacific War, 1931–1945: A Critical Perspective on Japan's role in World War II
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The Japanese foreign minister visited Beijing to meet his counterpart on April 17. The
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with an area of 7 km. Japan currently has control over the islands, but both the
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were women who worked as sex slaves in brothels in Japanese-occupied countries during
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According to critics, the textbook covers up Japanese war crimes committed during the
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comparatively good relations between Taiwan and Japan. Earlier in 2005, Japan and the
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proposal that Japan be granted a permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council
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Pictures from around the world of protests against the Japanese history textbooks
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notes a moderate estimate of 100 billion barrels of oil in the South China Sea.
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1219:"Letter from the Philippines: Long afterward, war still wears onFilipinos"
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Protesters displaying a sign that read "China, shall not forget" (中国，不应忘记)
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had issued a joint declaration calling for a "peaceful solution" to the
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In March 2005, demonstrations were organized in several cities in the
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were injured in the violence, though there were no known fatalities.
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Translated Version of Controversial Japanese Textbook to Go Online
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Japan's Last War: World War II and the Japanese, 1931–1945
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Testing of chemical and biological weapons on civilians and POWs
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English Translations of Japan's Middle School History Textbooks
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The Pacific War: World War II and the Japanese, 1931–1945
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Aglionby, John; McCurry, Justin; Watts, Jonathan (2005-04-22).
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is a subject given scant mention except by foreign press, and
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Both China and Japan are interested in exploiting deposits of
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234:. In some cases, demonstrators attacked and damaged Japanese
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1396:"Textbook Authorization System in Japan" by Miki Y. Ishikida
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peculiar to Japan, a vulgar and shameless political dwarf".
397:, in which hundreds or thousands of protesters were killed.
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1110:
Global Alliance for Preserving the History of WWII in Asia
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1333:. Canberra: Australian National University Press, 1979.
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1239:"New History Textbook (Chapter 4 & 5) 2005 version"
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On May 6, 2005, in a meeting between then-President
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inside and outside Japan about the true attitude of
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Anti-Japanese march in Guangzhou on April 10, 2005.
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
872:line between China and Japan beginning in August.
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1051:"Chinese Protest Japanese Texts on World War II"
405:remains detached from the ongoing controversy.
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882:List of war apology statements issued by Japan
474:on April 22. However, 81 Diet members visited
393:("lots of appalling events happened") and the
1927:Self-immolation protests by Tibetans in China
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722:Japan's membership in the UN Security Council
1385:Japan textbook angers Chinese, Korean press
1247:Japanese Society for History Textbook Reform
922:Japanese Society for History Textbook Reform
692:Widespread atrocities were committed by the
609:Japanese Society for History Textbook Reform
498:Although in the past, the government of the
395:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre
359:
1438:
1424:
1401:Are Japanese textbooks distorting history?
1026:"China puts brakes on anti-Japan protests"
795:) in exchange for their weapons research.
1978:History of the Philippines (1986–present)
1130:"MPs undermine Japanese apology to China"
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998:"Japan-China Talks Fail to Ease Tensions"
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
1105:"Japan Addresses its War Responsibility"
389:, China's 1979 invasion of Vietnam, the
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1886:2023 Chinese healthcare reform protests
1164:"Asia press concern at China-Japan row"
1023:
972:2012 China anti-Japanese demonstrations
635:Japanese history textbook controversies
602:
2008:Anti-Japanese sentiment in South Korea
1955:
1048:
728:United Nations Security Council (UNSC)
663:United States House of Representatives
659:United Nations Human Rights Commission
421:, and some doubt was raised about the
329:The slogan "patriotism is not a sin" (
1419:
1216:
1074:
409:Japanese response to Chinese protests
1941:East Turkestan independence movement
1217:Conde, Carlos H. (August 13, 2005).
123:anti-Japanese demonstrations of 2005
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
1983:Foreign relations of Post-war Japan
995:
681:
620:Japan's annexation of Korea in 1910
58:"2005 anti-Japanese demonstrations"
13:
1902:Anti-incinerator movement in China
1868:2022 Beijing Sitong Bridge protest
1715:Zhejiang solar panel plant protest
1463:2002–2003 Chinese protest movement
1319:. New York: Pantheon Books, 1978.
1305:. New York: Pantheon Books, 1978.
1289:
1049:Ludden, Jennifer (April 9, 2005).
798:
597:
486:on this subject. Koizumi met with
14:
2064:
2038:Riots and civil disorder in China
1931:Phuntsog self-immolation incident
1588:Tonghua Iron and Steel Group riot
1361:
1102:
996:Pan, Philip P. (April 18, 2005).
837:Gas and oil in the East China Sea
149:
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2003:Anti-Japanese sentiment in China
897:Anti-Japanese sentiment in Korea
892:Anti-Japanese sentiment in China
817:, are a group of islands in the
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23:
2053:2005 in international relations
1874:2022 COVID-19 protests in China
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1231:
1024:Yardley, Jim (April 23, 2005).
34:needs additional citations for
16:Series of protests in East Asia
1665:Chinese pro-democracy protests
1583:Self-immolation of Tang Fuzhen
1210:
1183:
1156:
1121:
1096:
1075:Hiatt, Fred (April 18, 2005).
1017:
989:
809:The Senkaku Islands, known in
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550:
534:
354:
1:
982:
1833:Minjiang University protests
1736:Anti-Japanese demonstrations
1639:Xinfa aluminum plant protest
1487:Anti-Japanese demonstrations
1387:- BBC coverage of the story.
1031:International Herald Tribune
518:
7:
1988:Japan–South Korea relations
1800:Golf factory workers strike
1751:Tibetan protests in Sichuan
1619:Guangzhou language protests
875:
478:hours before, causing more
367:Political observers on the
10:
2069:
1879:Zhengzhou Foxconn Protests
1644:Self-immolation in Yihuang
1350:. Munich: Iudicium, 2005.
1077:"China's Selective Memory"
823:People's Republic of China
802:
779:
754:
685:
567:Liberal Democratic Party's
425:, scheduled to be held in
164:People's Republic of China
1998:Anti-imperialism in Korea
1894:
1854:
1839:Delivery Knights Alliance
1813:
1764:
1728:
1652:
1606:
1565:
1532:Shenzhen anti-police riot
1514:
1455:
952:May 1968 events in France
859:U.S. Department of Energy
493:
334:
131:Japanese history textbook
1917:Labor relations in China
1695:Shanghai Truckers strike
1680:Fuzhou, Jiangxi bombings
1634:Tibetan language protest
624:Second Sino-Japanese War
458:Japanese Prime Minister
2048:Protests in South Korea
1922:Mass incidents in China
1912:Egg fried rice protests
1845:Inner Mongolia protests
1795:Tiananmen Square attack
1669:Crackdown on dissidents
1546:International reactions
1269:"Oil & Gas Journal"
917:Nanjing Massacre denial
887:Anti-Japanese sentiment
616:First Sino-Japanese War
529:Government of Hong Kong
525:occupation of Hong Kong
1805:Zhengzhou Airport riot
1475:Hefei student protests
907:Historical revisionism
770:Imperial Japanese Army
732:Foreign Minister Aichi
694:Imperial Japanese Army
464:Asia-Africa Conference
316:bombed the PRC embassy
307:
159:
1993:China–Japan relations
1690:Inner Mongolia unrest
1614:Chinese labour unrest
1274:Oil & Gas Journal
1191:"Japan's Worst Enemy"
942:China–Japan relations
372:National Public Radio
305:
157:
1862:Henan banks protests
1368:New History Textbook
967:Japanese nationalism
927:Japan Teachers Union
675:Canadian Parliaments
647:Japan Teachers Union
603:Textbook controversy
453:Tokyo Stock Exchange
423:2008 Summer Olympics
43:improve this article
2023:2005 in South Korea
2018:2005 in North Korea
1629:Suzhou workers riot
1448:protests and unrest
1082:The Washington Post
1003:The Washington Post
947:Chinese nationalism
912:Japanese war crimes
667:European Parliament
391:Cultural Revolution
278:Internet censorship
1224:The New York Times
696:in and around now
569:Secretary General
446:Xinhua News Agency
434:Xinhua News Agency
387:Great Leap Forward
308:
274:concentration camp
160:
2043:Protests in China
2013:Anti-war protests
1968:Conflicts in 2005
1963:Protests in Korea
1950:
1949:
1937:Xinjiang conflict
1675:Dalian PX protest
1573:Shaoguan incident
1499:Dongzhou protests
1450:in mainland China
1381:(JE Caleidoscope)
1196:Los Angeles Times
977:2005 French riots
827:Republic of China
788:Human experiments
500:Republic of China
460:Junichiro Koizumi
362:
119:
118:
111:
93:
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1907:China PX protest
1578:Shishou incident
1481:Tangshan protest
1440:
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1295:Ienaga, Saburō.
1283:
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1277:. Archived from
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1250:. Archived from
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1034:. Archived from
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902:Fei hua qing han
706:Nanjing Massacre
688:Nanjing Massacre
682:Nanjing Massacre
527:took place. The
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1783:Southern Weekly
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1746:Shifang protest
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1598:Xinjiang unrest
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1505:Dazhou protests
1493:Huashui protest
1456:2001–2007
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1290:Further reading
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932:Senkaku Islands
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805:Senkaku Islands
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799:Senkaku Islands
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690:
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598:Specific issues
587:the Philippines
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476:Yasukuni Shrine
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782:Unit 731
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250:(mostly
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184:Shenyang
176:Shenzhen
133:and the
1895:Related
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813:as the
811:Chinese
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1352:ISBN
1335:ISBN
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1140:ISSN
1090:2016
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1011:2010
845:and
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369:U.S.
361:lit.
312:NATO
289:and
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62:news
1055:NPR
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345:罪
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