486958 Arrokoth - Knowledge

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volatiles within the dense and opaque Kuiper belt. After the surrounding dust and nebula subsided, solar radiation was no longer obstructed, allowing for photon-induced sublimation to occur in the Kuiper belt. Due to Arrokoth's high rotational obliquity, one polar region faces the Sun continuously for half of its orbital period, resulting in extensive heating and consequent sublimation and loss of frozen volatiles at Arrokoth's poles.

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1,600 km (990 mi) from Arrokoth. This is much closer than the 20,000 km (12,000 mi) region that could be observed during the 17 July 2017 occultation. No brightness changes of the target star have been seen by Hubble, ruling out any optically thick rings or debris down to 1,600 km (990 mi) from Arrokoth. Results of the 2017 and 2018 occultation campaigns were presented at the 50th meeting of the

1105:. The lobi were likely once two objects that later merged in a slow collision. The larger lobus, Wenu, is measured at about 21.6 km (13.4 mi) across its longest axis while the smaller lobus, Weeyo, is measured at 15.4 km (9.6 mi) across its longest axis. Wenu is lenticular in shape, being highly flattened and moderately elongated. Based on shape models of Arrokoth constructed from images taken by the 1082: 6978: 2649: 2876: 9441: 8678: 3059:, the first letter 'M' corresponds to the second half-month of June 2014 while the succeeding letter 'U' indicates that it is the 20th object discovered on the 70th cycle of discoveries (with 69 cycles completed). Each cycle consists of 25 letters representing discoveries, hence 20 + (69 cycles × 25 letters) = 1,745. 2737:

and magnitude 15 by mid-December. It reached naked eye brightness (magnitude 6) from the spacecraft's point of view just 3–4 hours before closest approach. If obstacles were detected, the spacecraft had the option of diverting to a more distant rendezvous, though no moons, rings or other hazards were seen. High-resolution images from

1554:(WGPSN) formally established a naming theme for all features of Arrokoth, which are to be named after words for "sky" in the languages of the world, past and present. In 2021, the first few names were approved, including Sky Crater on the small lobe, later named Weeyo Lobus. In 2022, Kaʼan Arcus was approved for the circular arc on Wenu Lobus. 2513:

initially speculated that Arrokoth might be neither as large nor as dark as previously expected, and that it might be highly reflective or even a swarm. Additional data taken with the Hubble Space Telescope in June and July 2017 revealed that the telescopes had been placed in the wrong location, and that these estimations were incorrect.

1469:. These geological features are thought to have originated from the clumping of smaller planetesimals that come to form the lobi of Arrokoth. The brighter regions of Arrokoth's surface, especially its bright lineation features, are thought to have resulted from the deposition of material that have rolled down from hills on Arrokoth, as 1517:), located at the equatorial end of Weeyo, exhibits rough terrain along with several topographic features that have been identified as possible pits, craters, or mounds. Weeyo does not display distinct units of rolling topography near Sky, likely as a result of resurfacing caused by the impact event that created the crater. 3314: 1529:(initially dubbed "The Road to Nowhere"). From stereographic analysis, the central unit appears to be relatively flat compared to the surrounding units. Stereographic analysis of Arrokoth has also shown that one particular unit located at Wenu's limb ('md') appears to have a higher elevation and tilt than the others. 1960: mi). At this distance, light from the Sun takes over six hours to reach Arrokoth. Arrokoth has last passed aphelion around 1906 and is currently approaching the Sun at a rate of approximately 0.13 AU per year, or about 0.6 kilometers per second (1,300 mph). Arrokoth will approach perihelion by 2055. 3148:

submission format, which by default, the JPL Small-Body Browser implements into its database of orbits. The Hubble Space Telescope is capable of producing highly accurate astrometric measurements of Arrokoth's position, though the data could not be submitted to the Minor Planet Center in the standard

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There were two potentially useful Arrokoth occultations predicted for 2018: one on 16 July and one on 4 August. Neither of these were as good as the three 2017 events. No attempts were made to observe the 16 July 2018 occultation, which took place over the South Atlantic and the Indian

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provinces) to better constrain the size of Arrokoth. The average spacing between these telescopes was around 4 km (2.5 mi). Using the latest observations from Hubble, the position of Arrokoth was known with much better precision than for the 3 June occultation, and this time the shadow

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space observatory to figure out exactly when and where on Earth's surface Arrokoth would cast a shadow. They determined that occultations would occur on 3 June, 10 July, and 17 July in 2017, and set off for places around the world where they could see Arrokoth cover up a different star

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team hypothesizes that the two progenitor objects formed with initially rapid rotations, causing their shapes to become flattened due to centrifugal forces. Over time, the rotation rates of the progenitor objects gradually slowed down as they experienced impacts by small objects and transferred their

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of 2 according to the Minor Planet Center. Hubble Space Telescope observations in May and July 2015 as well as in July and October 2016 have greatly reduced the uncertainties in Arrokoth's orbit, which prompted the Minor Planet Center to assign its permanent minor planet number. In contrast

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The science objectives of the flyby include characterizing the geology and morphology of Arrokoth, and mapping the surface composition (searching for ammonia, carbon monoxide, methane, and water ice). Surveys of the surrounding environment to detect possible orbiting moonlets, a coma, or rings, were

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made four course changes in October and November 2015 to place itself on a trajectory towards Arrokoth. It is the first object to be targeted for a flyby that was discovered after the visiting spacecraft was launched, and is the farthest object in the Solar System ever to be visited by a spacecraft.

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of water ice on Arrokoth's surface would minimally reduce its size by 1 cm (0.39 in). With the lack of frequent cratering events and perturbations of its orbit, the shape and appearance of Arrokoth would remain virtually pristine since the conjoining of two separate objects that formed its

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separately while in orbit around each other. Both progenitor objects are believed to have formed from a single source of material as they appear to be homogeneous in albedo, color, and composition. The presence of rolling topography units on the larger object indicates that it had likely formed from

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orbiting Arrokoth could help determine its mass, no such satellites were found. Under the assumption that both lobi are bound by self-gravity, with the mutual gravity of the two overcoming centrifugal forces that would otherwise separate them, Arrokoth is estimated to have a very low density similar

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spacecraft's approach to Arrokoth, no rotational light curve amplitude was detected by the spacecraft despite Arrokoth's irregular shape. To explain the lack of its rotational light curve, scientists surmised that Arrokoth is rotating on its side, with its rotational axis pointing nearly directly at

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of the northern and southern hemispheres of Arrokoth varies greatly over the course of its orbit around the Sun. As it orbits around the Sun, one polar region of Arrokoth faces the Sun continuously while the other faces away. The solar irradiance of Arrokoth varies by 17 percent due to the low

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As on Weeyo, troughs and pit crater chains are also present along the terminator of the larger lobus Wenu. Wenu consists of eight distinctive units or blocks of rolling topography, each similarly sized at around 5 km (3.1 mi). The units are separated by relatively bright boundary regions.

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team). Assuming Sky has a circular shape, its diameter is 6.7 km (4.2 mi), with a depth of 0.51 km (0.32 mi). Sky is likely an impact crater that was formed by an object 700 m (2,000 ft) across. Two notably bright streaks of similar size are present within Sky, and may

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made its first detection of Arrokoth on 16 August 2018, from a distance of 172 million km (107 million mi). At that time, Arrokoth was visible at magnitude 20, in the direction of the constellation Sagittarius. Arrokoth was expected to be magnitude 18 by mid-November,

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of a person. The progenitor objects must have also merged obliquely at angles greater than 75 degrees in order to account for the present shape of Arrokoth's thin neck while keeping the lobi intact. By the time the two progenitor objects merged, both of them had already been tidally locked in

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to observe these stellar occultations from South America, Africa, and the Pacific Ocean. On 3 June 2017, two teams of NASA scientists tried to detect the shadow of Arrokoth from Argentina and South Africa. When they found that none of their telescopes had observed the object's shadow, it was

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of Kuiper belt objects, the speed of objects impacting Arrokoth is expected to be low, with typical impact speeds around 300 m/s (980 ft/s). At such slow impact speeds, large craters on Arrokoth are expected to be rare. With a low frequency of impact events along with the slow speeds of

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Regardless of the uncertainty surrounding the mechanisms for the flattening of Arrokoth, the subsequent merging of the bodies ancestral to the lobi appeared to be gentle. The present appearance of Arrokoth does not indicate deformation or compression fractures, suggesting that the two progenitor

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to scale. Weeyo is depicted in cool colors (blues and greens) and Wenu in warm (yellows and reds). The labels 'bm', 'dm', 'pm', 'rm' and 'um' indicate bright, dark, patterned (mottled), rough and undifferentiated material, respectively. The eight rolling topographic units 'ma' to 'mh' may be the

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to other orbiting debris left over from their formation. Eventually, loss of momentum, caused by impacts and momentum shifting to other bodies in the cloud, caused the pair to slowly spiral closer until they touched—where over time the joints fused together, forming its present bilobate shape.

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spacecraft during its flyby in 2019. Data collection was successful. A preliminary analysis suggested that the central shadow was missed; only in January 2018 was it realized that SOFIA had indeed observed a very brief dip from the central shadow. The data collected by SOFIA will also be

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Akasa Linea, the neck region connecting the two lobi, has a brighter and less red appearance than the surfaces of either lobus. The brightness of Akasa Linea is likely due to a composition of a more reflective material than the surfaces of the lobi. One hypothesis suggests the bright material

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in 2020, the flattening of Arrokoth may have resulted from the process of sublimation-driven mass loss over a timescale of several million years after the merging of the lobi. At the time of formation, Arrokoth's composition had a higher volatile concentration from the accretion of condensed

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Given the volume equivalent lobus diameters of 15.9 km (9.9 mi) and 12.9 km (8.0 mi), the volume ratio of Wenu to the smaller Weeyo is approximately 1.9:1.0, meaning that Wenu's volume is nearly twice that of Weeyo. Overall, the volume of Arrokoth is around 3,210 km

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Hubble observations were carried out on 4 August 2018, to support the occultation campaign. Hubble could not be placed in the narrow path of the occultation, but due to the favourable location of Hubble at the time of the event, the space telescope was able to probe the region down to

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spacecraft, the dimensions of Wenu are approximately 21 km × 20 km × 9 km (13.0 mi × 12.4 mi × 5.6 mi). In contrast, Weeyo is less flattened, with dimensions of 15 km × 14 km × 10 km (9.3 mi × 8.7 mi

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team. While the Minor Planet Center includes these observations, the JPL Small-Body Database has not yet incorporated the data and only approximates the excess precision of previous astrometric measurements by Hubble in 2014, resulting in an inaccurately calculated orbit with unrealistic

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conducted. Images with resolutions showing details of 30 m (98 ft) to 70 m (230 ft) are expected. From Hubble observations, faint, small satellites orbiting Arrokoth at distances greater than 2,000 km (1,200 mi) have been excluded to a depth of >29th

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of Arrokoth at distances of up to 75,000 km (47,000 mi) from the main body. For the third and final occultation, team members set up another ground-based "fence line" of 24 mobile telescopes along the predicted ground track of the occultation shadow in southern Argentina

2655: 2730:. The object has no detectable atmosphere, and no large rings or satellites larger than 1.6 km (1 mi) in diameter. Nonetheless, a search for a related moon (or moons) continues, which may help better explain the formation of Arrokoth from two individual orbiting objects. 3072:, who had a decent ear but bad handwriting, and scholars since have had considerable difficulty reading his notes. The meanings of the words are also often uncertain, as Strachey and the Powhatan had no language in common. Siebert (1975: p. 324) used comparison with other 2698:

passed by Arrokoth at a distance of 3,538 km (2,198 mi), equivalent to a few minutes of travel at the craft's speed, and one third of the distance of the spacecraft's closest encounter with Pluto. Closest approach occurred on 1 January 2019, at 05:33 UTC

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The similar sizes of the units suggests that each was once a small planetesimal, and that they coalesced to form Wenu. The planetesimals are expected to have accreted slowly by astronomical standards (at speeds of several meters per second), though they must have a very low

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of Arrokoth could not be determined from Hubble observations, the subtle brightness variations suggested that Arrokoth's rotational axis is either pointed toward the Earth or is being viewed at an equator-on configuration with a nearly spherical shape, with a constrained

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by Arrokoth had provided evidence for its bilobate shape. The first detailed image of Arrokoth confirmed its double-lobed appearance and was described as a "snowman" by Alan Stern, as the lobi appeared distinctively spherical. On 8 February 2019, one month after the

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on 17 July 2017. Data from 24 telescopes that captured this event revealed Arrokoth's possible bilobate or binary shape. After the flyby in January 2019, the results from the occultation were shown to precisely fit the observed size and shape of the

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The surface of Arrokoth is lightly cratered and smooth in appearance. Arrokoth's surface has few small craters (from 1 km (0.62 mi) in size to the limits of photographic resolution), implying a paucity of impacts throughout its history. The occurrence of

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team. Initially, it was unclear whether a chord on the target had been recorded. On 6 September 2018, NASA confirmed that the star had indeed been seen to dip by at least one observer, providing important information about the size and shape of Arrokoth.

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as Arrokoth orbits around the Sun. Over the course of its orbit, Akasa Linea is shadowed when the lobi are coplanar to the direction of the Sun, at which times the neck region receives no sunlight, cooling and trapping volatiles in the region.

2561:, Arrokoth was shown to have two "lobes", with diameters of approximately 20 km (12 mi) and 18 km (11 mi), respectively. A preliminary analysis of all collected data suggested that Arrokoth was accompanied by an orbiting 6394:

Marohnic, J. C.; Richardson, D. C.; McKinnon, W. B.; Agrusa, H. F.; DeMartini, J. V.; Cheng, A. F.; et al. (May 2020). "Constraining the final merger of contact binary (486958) Arrokoth with soft-sphere discrete element simulations".

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Stern, S. A.; Weaver, H. A.; Spencer, J. R.; Olkin, C. B.; Gladstone, G. R.; Grundy, W. M.; Moore, J. M.; Cruikshank, D. P.; Elliott, H. A.; McKinnon, W. B.; et al. (17 May 2019). "Initial results from the New Horizons exploration of

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observations eventually ruled them out. Of the five potential targets found with Hubble, Arrokoth was deemed to be the most feasible target for the spacecraft as the flyby trajectory required the least amount of fuel compared to that for

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4.6 billion years ago. Arrokoth had likely formed in a colder environment within a dense, opaque region of the early Kuiper belt where the Sun appeared heavily obscured by dust. Icy particles within the early Kuiper belt experienced

2003:. Since Arrokoth has a low orbital inclination and eccentricity, it is part of the dynamically cold population of classical Kuiper belt objects, which are unlikely to have undergone significant perturbations by Neptune during its outward 3051:

In the convention for minor planet provisional designations, the first letter represents the half-month of the year of discovery while the second letter and numbers indicate the order of discovery within that half-month. In the case for

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Ocean. For the 4 August 2018 event, two teams, consisting of about 50 researchers in total, went to locations in Senegal and Colombia. The event gathered media attention in Senegal, where it was used as an opportunity for

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and rocky material. Trace amounts of methane and other volatile gases in the form of vapors may also be present in Arrokoth's interior, trapped in water ice. Under the assumption that Arrokoth has a low comet-like density of around

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remaining fuel. Using large ground-based telescopes on Earth, researchers began looking in 2011 for candidate objects and searched multiple times per year for several years. However, none of the objects found were reachable by the

5481:...a resolution of about 110 feet (33 meters) per pixel. This processed, composite picture combines nine individual images taken with the Long Range Reconnaissance Imager (LORRI), each with an exposure time of 0.025 seconds... 1110:× 6.2 mi). As a whole, Arrokoth is 36 km (22 mi) across its longest axis and is about 10 km (6.2 mi) thick, with the centers of the lobi separated from each other by 17.2 km (10.7 mi). 2214:

It is unclear how Arrokoth has attained its present flattened shape, though two leading hypotheses have been postulated to explain the mechanisms leading to its flattened shape during the formation of the Solar System. The

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spacecraft. The size of these pits are measured at about 700 m (2,300 ft) across. The exact cause of these pits is unknown; several explanations for these pits include impact events, the collapse of material, the

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ice. Ammonia vapor present on the surface of Arrokoth would solidify around Akasa Linea, where gases cannot escape due to the concave shape of the neck. The brightness of Akasa is thought to be maintained by high seasonal

2141:. The higher temperature of Arrokoth's unilluminated face as measured by REX implies that thermal radiation is emitted from Arrokoth's subsurface, which was predicted to be intrinsically warmer than the exterior surface. 1452:

ancestral building blocks of Wenu. 'sp' are small pits/craters. Green 'lc' (large crater) is Sky, the yellow bright material at the neck is Akasa Linea, and the ring surrounding the purple unit 'mh' is Kaʼan Arcus.

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the coalescence of smaller planetesimal units prior to merging with the smaller object. The larger lobus Wenu appears to be an aggregate of 8 or so smaller components, each approximately 5 km (3 mi) across.

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Hofgartner, Jason D.; Buratti, Bonnie J.; Benecchi, Susan D.; Beyer, Ross A.; Cheng, Andrew; Keane, James T.; et al. (3 March 2020). "Photometry of Kuiper Belt Object (486958) Arrokoth from New Horizons LORRI".

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Benecchi, Susan D.; Buie, Marc W.; Porter, Simon Bernard; Spencer, John R.; Verbiscer, Anne J.; Stern, S. Alan; Zangari, Amanda Marie; Parker, Alex; Noll, Keith S. (December 2019). "The HST Lightcurve of (486958)

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Prentice, Andrew J. R. (9 January 2019). "Ultima Thule: a Prediction for the Origin, Bulk Chemical Composition, and Physical Structure, submitted prior to the New Horizons Spacecraft 100 Pixel LORRI Data Return".

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with the data processing software resulted in a shift in the apparent location of the target. After accounting for the bug, the short dip observed on 10 July was considered to be a detection of the primary body.

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Grundy, W. M.; Bird, M. K.; Britt, D. T.; Cook, J. C.; Cruikshank, D. P.; Howett, C. J. A.; et al. (13 February 2020). "Color, composition, and thermal environment of Kuiper Belt object (486958) Arrokoth".

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Because there have been few to no disruptive impacts on Arrokoth since it formed, the details of its formation have been preserved. From the differing present appearances of the lobi, each is thought to have

961:(Latin for 'farthermost Thule') acquired a metaphorical meaning of any distant place located beyond the "borders of the known world". Once it was determined that the body was a bilobate contact binary, the 1134:

after its closest approach. The flattened lobus Wenu was described as a "pancake", while Weeyo was described as a "walnut" as it appeared less flattened. By observing how the unseen sections of Arrokoth

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Buie, Marc; Porter, Simon B.; Verbiscer, Anne; Leiva, Rodrigo; Keeney, Brian A.; Tsang, Con; Baratoux, David; Skrutskie, Michael; Colas, François; Desmars, Josselin; Stern, S. Alan (26 October 2018).

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background stars, scientists were able to then outline the shapes of both lobi. The cause of Arrokoth's unexpectedly flattened shape is uncertain, with various explanations including sublimation or

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lies between the lobi, small particles are likely to roll down the steep slopes toward the center between each lobus. Another proposal suggests the bright material is produced by the deposition of

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of Virginia and Maryland in the eastern United States after its discovery. The Powhatan language became extinct in the late 18th century and little was recorded of it. In an old word list,

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Lisse, C. M.; Young, L. A.; Cruikshank, D. P.; Sandford, S. A.; Schmitt, B.; Stern, S. A.; et al. (September 2020). "On the Origin and Thermal Stability of Arrokoth's and Pluto's Ices".

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NASA's New Horizons mission to Pluto and the Kuiper Belt is looking for your ideas on what to informally name its next flyby destination, a billion miles (1.6 billion kilometers) past Pluto.

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Spencer, J. R.; Stern, S. A.; Moore, J. M.; Weaver, H. A.; Singer, K. N.; Olkin, C. B.; et al. (13 February 2020). "The geology and geophysics of Kuiper Belt object (486958) Arrokoth".

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color and spectral images of Arrokoth, showing subtle color variations across its surface. The third image is the same MVIC color image superimposed on the higher resolution black and white

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were taken on 1 January. The first images of mediocre resolution arrived the next day. The downlink of data collected from the flyby was expected to last 20 months, through September 2020.

1307:, thus it belongs to the "ultra red" population of cold classical Kuiper belt objects. The red coloration of Arrokoth is caused by the presence of a mix of complex organic compounds called 2589:

Path of Arrokoth's shadow on Earth during its 4 August 2018 occultation of an unnamed star in Sagittarius. This event was successfully observed from locations in Senegal and Colombia.

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spacecraft and most Kuiper belt objects that may be suitable were just too distant and faint to be seen through Earth's atmosphere. In order to find these fainter Kuiper belt objects, the

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Results from the occultation on 17 July showed that Arrokoth could have had a very oblong, irregular shape or be a close or contact binary. According to the duration of the observed

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The mass and density of Arrokoth are unknown. A definitive mass and density estimate cannot be given as the lobi are in contact rather than orbiting each other. Although a possible

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Taken 6.5 minutes before closest approach at 5:33 UT. Note that the view and illumination is now from a slightly different angle as the spacecraft begins to bypass Arrokoth.

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impacts, Arrokoth's surface would remain preserved since its formation. The preserved surface of Arrokoth could possibly give hints to its formation process, as well as signs of

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features appear less red compared to the central region of the smaller lobe Weeyo. The larger lobe Wenu also displays redder regions, informally known as "thumbprints" by the

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Zhao, Y.; Rezac, L.; Skorov, Y.; Hu, S. C.; Samarasinha, N. H.; Li, J.-Y. (October 2020). "Sublimation as an effective mechanism for flattened lobes of (486958) Arrokoth".

7111: 10140: 1370: 5180: 2577:, spectra (e.g. color), and stellar occultation data, illustrations could rely on known data to create a concept of what it might look like prior to spacecraft flyby. 5014:

Lyra, Wladmir; Youdin, Andrew N.; Johansen, Anders (2021). "Evolution of MU69 from a binary planetesimal into contact by Kozai-Lidov oscillations and nebular drag".

4746: 10354: 4801: 2390:, in which the object passes in front of a star from the vantage point of Earth. Since the occultation event is only visible from certain parts of the Earth, the 6796: 2386:

Arrokoth is too small and distant for its shape to be observed directly from Earth, but scientists were able to take advantage of an astronomical event called a

7174: 2889: 1733:. The escaped gases may subsequently freeze and deposit on Arrokoth's surface, and could possibly account for the presence of ices and tholins on its surface. 2110:

eccentricity of its orbit. The average temperature of Arrokoth is estimated to be around 42 K (−231.2 °C; −384.1 °F), with a maximum of around

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in the past. The cold classical population of Kuiper belt objects are thought to be remnant planetesimals left over from the accretion of material during the

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team. Buie reported his finding to the search team for subsequent analysis and confirmation. Arrokoth was the second object found during the search, after

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Benecchi, S. D.; Borncamp, D.; Parker, A. H.; Buie, M. W.; Noll, K. S.; Binzel, R. P.; et al. (December 2019). "The color and binarity of (486958)

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to be assigned a provisional designation during the second half of June 2014. After further observations refining its orbit, it was given the permanent

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McKinnon, William B.; Keane, James T.; Nesvorný, David; Richardson, Derek R.; Grundy, William M.; Hamilton, Douglas P.; et al. (September 2019).

10454: 9498: 9276: 4728: 2524:, New Zealand. The main purpose of those observations was the search for hazardous material like rings or dust near Arrokoth that could threaten the 1158:, before merging. The alignment of the lobi supports the idea that the two had individually formed from the coalescence of a cloud of icy particles. 1093: 6369:

Mao, Xiaochen; McKinnon, William B.; Keane, James Tuttle; Spencer, John R.; Olkin, Catherine; Weaver, Harold A.; Stern, S. Alan (11 December 2019).

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valuable to put constraints on dust near Arrokoth. Detailed results of the search for hazardous material were presented on the 49th Meeting of the

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Arrokoth is thought to have formed from two separate progenitor objects that formed over time from a rotating cloud of small, icy bodies since the

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On 17 July 2017, the Hubble Space Telescope was used to check for debris around Arrokoth, setting constraints on rings and debris within the

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Spencer, John R.; Moore, Jeffrey M.; McKinnon, William B.; Stern, S. Alan; Weaver, Harold A.; Olkin, Catherine B.; et al. (September 2019).

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Singer, Kelsi N.; McKinnon, William B.; Spencer, John R.; Greenstreet, Sarah; Gladman, Brett; Robbins, Stuart J.; et al. (September 2019).

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Topography variations at the limb of Arrokoth suggest that its interior is likely composed of mechanically strong material consisting of mostly

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team were searching for an object in the Kuiper belt that the spacecraft could study after Pluto, and their next target had to be reachable on

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Before the flyby on 1 January 2019, NASA invited suggestions from the public on a nickname to be used for the object. One of the choices,

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in March 2015, after sufficient orbital information had been gathered. The provisional designation indicates that Arrokoth was the 1745th

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in the context of the telescope's search for Kuiper belt objects, and was nicknamed "11" for short. Its existence as a potential target of the

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occurring on Arrokoth was low due to the slower speeds of objects in the Kuiper belt. Over a period of 4.5 billion years, photon-induced

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Porter, Simon B.; Beyer, Ross A.; Keane, James T.; Umurhan, Orkan M.; Bierson, Carver J.; Grundy, William M.; et al. (September 2019).

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Kammer, Joshua A.; Becker, Tracy M.; Retherford, Kurt D.; Stern, S. Alan; Olkin, Catherine B.; Buie, Marc W.; et al. (27 July 2018).

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Mahjoub, Ahmed; Brown, Michael E.; Poston, Michael J.; Hodyss, Robert; Ehlmann, Bethany L.; Blacksberg, Jordana; et al. (June 2021).

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Arrokoth is a contact binary consisting of two lobes (lobi) attached by a narrow neck or waist, which is encircled by a bright band named

10449: 1396:, the quantity of reflected light in visible spectrum, is measured at 21 percent, typical for most Kuiper belt objects. The overall 777: 9519: 6585:

Stern, S. A.; Weaver, H. A.; Spencer, J. A.; Elliott, H. A.; et al. (June 2018). "The New Horizons Kuiper Belt Extended Mission".

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were once present on Arrokoth, but were quickly lost due to Arrokoth's small mass. However, less volatile materials such as methanol,

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Keane, James T.; Porter, Simon B.; Beyer, Ross; Umurhan, Orkan M.; McKinnon, William B.; Moore, Jeffrey M.; et al. (June 2022).

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or reflectivity of Arrokoth varies from 5 percent to 12 percent due to various bright features on its surface. Its overall

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Young, Eliot F.; Buie, Marc W.; Porter, Simon B.; Zangari, Amanda M.; Stern, S. Alan; Ennico, Kimberly; et al. (October 2017).

6882: 6099: 2090:

upon approach confirmed that its rotation is tilted, with its south pole facing towards the Sun. The rotational axis of Arrokoth is

1347:

could be retained over a longer period of time, and may likely account for the reddening and production of tholins on Arrokoth. The

4665:

McKinnon, W. B.; Richardson, D. C.; Marohnic, J. C.; Keane, J. T.; Grundy, W. M.; Hamilton, D. P.; et al. (13 February 2020).

3980: 791: 4081: 1976:

does not include these additional observations and purports the orbit to be highly uncertain, with an uncertainty parameter of 5.

1413:

in the Kuiper belt is thought to be uncommon, with a very low impact rate over the course of one billion years. Due to the slower

9546: 8735: 7895: 6833: 6281: 5549: 7120: 9830: 8990: 8778: 8304: 7938: 5429: 4274: 1033:

were both operated in Maryland and were prominently involved in Arrokoth's discovery. With the permission of the elders of the

3445:

Buie, Marc W.; Porter, Simon B.; Tamblyn, Peter; Terrell, Dirk; Parker, Alex H.; Baratoux, David; et al. (January 2020).

2520:

was successfully placed close to the predicted centerline for the second occultation while flying over the Pacific Ocean from

9491: 8986: 8578: 8300: 7947: 6743: 3924: 1926: 1725:, the trapped volatile gases inside Arrokoth would migrate outward and escape from the surface, similarly to the scenario of 1525:

in order to merge and form compact bodies at these speeds. The central unit ('mh') is encircled by a bright annular feature,

6848: 5184: 6457: 4415: 887: 753: 161: 4304:

McKinnon, William B.; Mao, Xiaochen; Schenk, P. M.; Singer, K. N.; Robbins, S. J.; White, O. L.; et al. (July 2022).

2405:

on each of these dates. Based on this string of three occultations, scientists were able to trace out the object's shape.

1909:

of 0.042, Arrokoth follows a nearly circular orbit around the Sun, only slightly varying in distance from 42.7 AU at

1376:

From color and spectral measurements of Arrokoth, the surface displays subtle color variation among its surface features.

10155: 4888: 1987:

by the Minor Planet Center as it orbits in the outer Solar System beyond Neptune. Having a non-resonant orbit within the

1114:(770 cu mi), though this estimate is largely uncertain due to weak constraints on the thicknesses of the lobi. 7439: 6194: 5875:(Settings: "Return ephemerides", Ephemeris Options: start date "2018/12/31" and output dates "365"). Minor Planet Center 5522: 4750: 2158:. In order to maintain the shape of the neck, the density of Arrokoth must be less than the maximum possible density of 9539: 7842: 5680:

Earle, Alissa M.; Binzel, R. P.; Keane, J. T.; Vanatta, M.; Grundy, W. M.; Moore, J. M.; et al. (September 2019).

3831: 3261: 1130:

flyby, Arrokoth was found to be more flattened than initially thought, based on additional images of Arrokoth taken by

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Moore, J. M.; McKinnon, W. B.; Spencer, J. R.; Stern, S. A.; Britt, D.; Buratti, B. J.; et al. (September 2019).

5309:

Cruikshank, D. P.; Grundy, W. M.; Britt, D. T.; Quirico, E.; Schmitt, B.; Scipioni, F.; et al. (1 January 2019).

4805: 4434: 10459: 9670: 7732: 7677: 7387: 7269: 6800: 6249: 6008: 4773: 4250: 4111: 4044: 4019: 3112: 3034: 3000: 2962: 2953: 1296: 811: 7595: 7178: 5076:

S on the Near-infrared Spectrum of Irradiation Residue and Applications to the Kuiper Belt Object (486958) Arrokoth"

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Stern, S. A.; Spencer, J. R.; Weaver, H. A.; Olkin, C. B.; Moore, J. M.; Grundy, W.; et al. (9 January 2019).

1327:

solar radiation. The presence of sulfur-rich tholins on Arrokoth's surface implies that volatiles such as methane,

1207: 1089: 973: 44: 5928: 4878: 2783: 3149:

format. To overcome these limitations, the astrometric data was separately submitted in a modified format by the

2903: 2611: 2530: 2493:

Artist concept of an ellipsoid shape for Arrokoth, a shape that could not be ruled out prior to the flyby in 2019

357: 7413: 5581: 1049:

in the District of Columbia on 12 November 2019. Prior to the ceremony, the name was accepted by the IAU's

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Katz, J. I. (4 February 2019). "Ultima Thule (486958; 2014 MU69): Necklace, Composition, Rotation, Formation".

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Porter, S. B.; Bierson, C. J.; Umurhan, O.; Beyer, R. A.; Lauer, T. A.; Buie, M. W.; et al. (March 2019).

3129:

Composite of black and while and color photographs taken respectively by the LORRI and MVIC instruments aboard

2598:. Despite some stations being affected by bad weather, the event was successfully observed, as reported by the 2546: 724: 283: 7071:

Buie, M. W.; Porter, S. B.; Tamblyn, P.; Terrell, D.; Verbiscer, A. J.; Keeney, B.; et al. (March 2019).

5365:

Greenstreet, Sarah; Gladman, Brett; McKinnon, William B.; Kavelaars, J. J.; Singer, Kelsi N. (February 2019).

4643: 3510: 10130: 9761: 6966: 5499: 5339:

Impact craters on 2014 MU69: The geologic history of MU69 and Kuiper belt object size-frequency distributions

3427: 2608: 2297:

Arrokoth was discovered on 26 June 2014 using the Hubble Space Telescope during a preliminary survey to

2185: 2008: 1929:

from Neptune is 12.75 AU.) Arrokoth's orbit appears to be stable over the long term; simulations by the

6557:

Spencer, J. R.; Buie, M. W.; Parker, A. H.; Weaver, H. A.; Porter, S. B.; Stern, S. A.; et al. (2015).

4910: 4203: 4136: 10494: 10479: 10228: 9465: 9460: 9455: 8702: 8697: 8692: 1992: 207: 3229: 3104: 3100: 3093: 3089: 3085: 1634: 1533:

originated in the deposition of small particles that had fallen from the lobi over time. Since Arrokoth's

10213: 9863: 9587: 8728: 8445: 8440: 7888: 7261: 6560:

The Successful Search for a Post-Pluto KBO Flyby Target for New Horizons Using the Hubble Space Telescope

6034:

Porter, S. B.; Parker, A. H.; Buie, M.; Spencer, J.; Weaver, H.; Stern, S. A.; et al. (March 2015).

4455: 4181: 2715: 2633: 2451: 2229: 9507: 4416:"Resurrecting Virginia Algonquian from the dead: The reconstituted and historical phonology of Powhatan" 2666:

approach to Arrokoth, constructed from images taken by the spacecraft during its flyby on 1 January 2019

1288:, which also display strong red spectral slopes along with signs of methanol present on their surfaces. 10203: 9823: 9751: 9741: 7803: 7779: 7771: 3365:"The Geophysical Environment of (486958) Arrokoth— A Small Kuiper Belt Object Explored by New Horizons" 2565:

about 200–300 km (120–190 mi) away from the primary. It was later realized, however, that an

7513: 5895: 4221: 2276: 969:"Ultima" and the smaller lobus "Thule". They are now formally named "Wenu" and "Weeyo", respectively. 682: 10218: 9746: 7795: 7787: 7762: 7654: 7621: 7573: 7543: 7483: 7368: 7338: 7200: 6929: 6904: 6770: 6219: 5460: 5217: 4388: 4011: 3883: 3796: 3193: 2487: 2481:

Artist concept of Arrokoth as a contact binary, illustrating the understanding as of August 2017

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against the surrounding gas and dust, and gravitationally coalesced into clumps of larger particles.

1653: 966: 67: 9270: 4354: 10439: 9853: 9582: 8432: 8421: 8020: 7074:

Stellar Occultation Results for (486958) 2014 MU69: A Pathfinding Effort for the New Horizons Flyby

6558: 4484: 2623: 2550:

of Arrokoth was successfully observed by at least five of the mobile telescopes. Combined with the

2337: 2202: 2053:

Hubble Space Telescope observations show that the brightness of Arrokoth varies by around 0.3

1999:

plane by 2.45 degrees, relatively low compared to other classical Kuiper belt objects such as

1922: 1419: 1150:, which is situated between them. This near-parallel alignment of the lobi suggests that they were 944: 906: 822: 95: 6962:

Debris search around (486958) 2014 MU69: Results from SOFIA and ground-based occultation campaigns

2678:

after closest approach. The silhouette of Arrokoth's shape can be seen among the background stars.

2241:

objects had merged very slowly at a speed of 2 m/s (6.6 ft/s)—comparable to the average

1434:

of volatile materials, or the venting and escape of volatile gases from the interior of Arrokoth.

1268:-based compounds resulting from irradiation should also be present, albeit in the form of complex 10364: 9766: 9650: 9562: 9354: 9325: 8807: 8529: 7954: 7815: 5071: 3866: 3801: 3364: 2795: 2242: 1973: 1400:(the quantity of reflected light of any wavelength) of Arrokoth is measured at 6.3 percent. 1316: 676: 520: 419: 387: 320: 312: 272: 259: 57: 7462:"What to Expect When New Horizons Visits 2014 MU69, Ultima Thule, And When We Will Get Pictures" 4048: 2129:

instrument indicate that the mean surface temperature of Arrokoth's unilluminated face is about

1489:

where bright material rolled into the depression. Four subparallel troughs are present near the

1457:

The surfaces of each lobus of Arrokoth display regions of varying brightness along with various

1443: 1176: 10380: 10334: 10238: 9687: 8760: 8755: 8721: 8611: 8568: 7920: 7915: 7881: 7850: 6458:"Hubble to the rescue! The last-ditch effort to discover a Kuiper belt target for New Horizons" 2326: 2290: 2050: 1984: 1497:

of Sky. The surface of Weeyo exhibits bright mottled regions separated by broad, dark regions (

1292: 1282: 1026: 930: 867: 829: 769: 735: 202: 73: 6370: 4667:"The solar nebula origin of (486958) Arrokoth, a primordial contact binary in the Kuiper Belt" 2174: 1295:

in 2016 revealed that Arrokoth has a red coloration, similar to other Kuiper belt objects and

988: 10484: 10415: 9872: 9816: 9592: 9160: 9155: 8573: 8563: 6461: 6372:

Spindown of 2014 MU69 ("Ultima Thule") by impact of small, cold classical Kuiper belt objects

5896:"'Everything about this flyby is tougher': New Horizons just over 100 days from Ultima Thule" 5730: 4306:"Snow Crash: Compaction Craters on (486958) Arrokoth and Other Small KBOs, With Implications" 4103: 3817: 3144:

This discrepancy is due to limitations of the Minor Planet Center's standard satellite-based

2806: 2727: 2700: 2395: 2379:. On 28 August 2015, Arrokoth was officially selected by NASA as a flyby target for the 2190: 2058: 2054: 1968: 1665: 1522: 1425:

Numerous small pits on Arrokoth's surface were identified in high resolution images from the

1058: 1034: 798:

21 and 15 km (13 and 9 mi) across, that are joined along their major axes. With an

369: 241: 7235:"New Horizons Team Successfully Observes Next Target, Sets the Stage for Ultima Thule Flyby" 4104:"NASA's Hubble Telescope Finds Potential Kuiper Belt Targets for New Horizons Pluto Mission" 2771: 10398: 10145: 10122: 9858: 9660: 9404: 9259: 8803: 7834: 7826: 7295: 7030: 6970: 6667: 6604: 6567: 6491: 6414: 6151: 6044: 5988: 5635: 5388: 5256: 5145: 5087: 5033: 4964: 4688: 4597: 4317: 3951: 3753: 3567: 3468: 3376: 3289: 3108: 3073: 2455: 2247: 1980: 1930: 1906: 1477: 1227: 1203: 807: 294: 212: 7866: 7294:. 50th Meeting of the AAS Division for Planetary Sciences. American Astronomical Society. 7072: 5610: 5310: 3942: 2839: 2827: 2777:

24 hours before closest approach, 1.9 million km (1.2 million mi)

28: 8: 10233: 10160: 10015: 9980: 9411: 9334: 9150: 8772: 8372: 8284: 8171: 8159: 7932: 7820: 7810: 6062: 6035: 5612:

Overview of initial results from the reconnaissance flyby of a Kuiper Belt planetesimal:

4155: 3985: 2881: 2789:

12 hours before closest approach, 1 million km (0.62 million mi)

2694:

Moving at a speed of 51,500 km/h (858 km/min; 14.3 km/s; 32,000 mph)

2387: 2298: 2286: 2004: 1905: mi), taking 297.7 years to complete a full orbit around the Sun. Having a low 1381: 1366: 1217: 1074: 1050: 898: 803: 346: 8026: 7299: 7034: 6974: 6671: 6608: 6571: 6495: 6418: 6155: 6048: 6014: 5992: 5639: 5392: 5260: 5149: 5091: 5037: 4968: 4692: 4601: 4321: 4150: 3955: 3757: 3571: 3472: 3380: 2854: 1917:. Because Arrokoth has a low orbital eccentricity, it does not approach close enough to 10150: 10003: 9445: 9126: 8682: 8548: 8538: 7982: 7682: 7048: 7020: 6853: 6620: 6594: 6517: 6430: 6404: 6167: 6141: 5845: 5657: 5625: 5406: 5378: 5288: 5161: 5135: 5105: 5049: 5023: 4996: 4954: 4859: 4841: 4778: 4720: 4678: 4621: 4587: 4335: 3771: 3743: 3709: 3691: 3654: 3636: 3599: 3557: 3486: 3458: 3392: 2639: 2126: 1784: 1490: 1458: 1431: 712: 487: 193: 7858: 6825: 5868: 4666: 2281: 1972:

to the orbit calculated by the Minor Planet Center, Arrokoth's observation arc in the

1194: 10294: 10269: 10259: 9991: 9645: 9597: 9344: 8864: 8628: 8065: 7052: 6624: 6509: 6434: 6171: 6004: 5410: 5292: 5280: 5272: 5165: 5109: 5053: 5000: 4988: 4980: 4863: 4724: 4712: 4704: 4625: 4613: 4578: 4339: 4246: 3775: 3713: 3658: 3603: 3591: 3583: 3490: 3396: 2765:

24 Dec 2018, at a distance of 10 million km (6.2 million mi)

2706: 2558: 2400: 2150: 1882: 1746: 1718: 1274: 1253: 1140: 1046: 997: 992:

Pamunkey tribal elder Reverend Nick Miles commencing the naming ceremony for Arrokoth

265: 229: 146: 7292:

Pre-encounter update on (486958) 2014MU69 and occultation results from 2017 and 2018

2030:

Sequence of three images showing Arrokoth's rotation over a period of 2.5 hours

1940:

flyby in January 2019, Arrokoth's distance from the Sun was 43.28 AU (6.47

1373:

instruments did not detect any signature of solar wind interaction around Arrokoth.

882:

in October 2014 and it was unofficially designated as "Potential Target 1", or

9771: 9108: 8847: 8427: 8411: 8380: 8054: 7995: 7119:. 2017 AGU Fall Meeting. Applied Physics Laboratory. pp. 12–15. Archived from 7038: 6878: 6612: 6521: 6499: 6453: 6422: 6159: 6095: 5996: 5955: 5816: 5798: 5780: 5762: 5744: 5624:. 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 2019. Lunar and Planetary Institute. 5396: 5264: 5153: 5095: 5041: 4972: 4851: 4696: 4605: 4325: 3950:. 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 2019. Lunar and Planetary Institute. 3761: 3701: 3646: 3575: 3476: 3384: 3097: 3069: 3011: 2977: 2930: 2595: 2359:. Three more candidate targets were later discovered with Hubble, though follow-up 2221: 2106: 1641: 1462: 1393: 1377: 1344: 1332: 1264:-rich. Given the abundance of methanol on Arrokoth's surface, it is predicted that 1001: 948: 612: 595: 222: 111: 10106: 8818: 7757: 7704: 6751: 1933:

show that its orbit will not significantly change over the next 10 million years.

1185: 836:

to target in its first extended mission; it was chosen over two other candidates,

10254: 9692: 9635: 9620: 9298: 9282: 9005: 8923: 8793: 7080:. 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 2019. Lunar and Planetary Institute 6694:"New Horizons team successfully observes new stellar occultation of Ultima Thule" 6648: 6426: 6322:. EPSC-DPS Joint Meeting 2019. Vol. 13. European Planetary Science Congress. 6163: 5689:. EPSC-DPS Joint Meeting 2019. Vol. 13. European Planetary Science Congress. 5507:. EPSC-DPS Joint Meeting 2019. Vol. 13. European Planetary Science Congress. 5345:. EPSC-DPS Joint Meeting 2019. Vol. 13. European Planetary Science Congress. 5157: 5045: 4651:. EPSC-DPS Joint Meeting 2019. Vol. 13. European Planetary Science Congress. 3990: 3705: 3650: 3524:. EPSC-DPS Joint Meeting 2019. Vol. 13. European Planetary Science Congress. 2718:. At this distance, the one-way transit time for radio signals between Earth and 2542: 2332:

Arrokoth was first imaged by Hubble on 26 June 2014, 10 days after the

1964: 1617: 1470: 1348: 1260:

in Arrokoth's spectrum at 1.8 μm indicates that these organic compounds are

1257: 1147: 557: 249: 7745: 7622:"Ultima in View: New Horizons Makes First Detection of Kuiper Belt Flyby Target" 7414:"A Journey Into the Solar System's Outer Reaches, Seeking New Worlds to Explore" 7149:"New Horizons team prepares for stellar occultation ahead of Ultima Thule flyby" 5247:

Jewitt, David C.; et al. (13 February 2020). "A deep dive into the abyss".

3916: 3189: 3076:

to interpret Strachey's handwriting, and deciphers Strachey's transcriptions as

10391: 10289: 10208: 9707: 9675: 9640: 9313: 9237: 8940: 8830: 8322: 7262:"New Horizons support observations for 2014MU69 encounter – HST Proposal 15450" 7043: 7001: 5401: 5366: 5100: 4855: 3766: 3731: 3481: 3446: 2815: 2802: 2670: 2628: 2585: 2441: 2194: 2115: 2095: 1234: 799: 327: 305: 7339:"NASA's New Horizons Completes Record-Setting Kuiper Belt Targeting Maneuvers" 6616: 6340:"NASA's New Horizons Reveals Geologic 'Frankenstein' That Formed Ultima Thule" 6043:. 46th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Lunar and Planetary Institute. 5501:

Scarp Retreat on MU69: Evidence and Implications for Composition and Structure

3856: 3417: 1480:

feature named 'Sky' (previously dubbed 'Maryland' after the home state of the

10428: 10304: 10274: 9931: 9731: 9630: 9625: 9364: 8799: 8032: 7971: 6719:"These are the 2017 stellar occultation predictions for the object 2014 MU69" 6000: 5461:"Spot On! New Horizons Spacecraft Returns Its Sharpest Views of Ultima Thule" 5325:. 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Lunar and Planetary Institute. 5276: 4984: 4708: 4012:"Hubble Survey Finds Two Kuiper Belt Objects to Support New Horizons Mission" 3944:

A Contact Binary in the Kuiper Belt: The Shape and Pole of (486958) 2014 MU69

3587: 1705: 1504: 1414: 1269: 1151: 9531: 6930:"SOFIA in Right Place at Right Time to Study Next New Horizons Flyby Object" 5268: 4976: 4700: 4609: 3579: 2759: 10264: 9840: 9797: 9570: 9424: 9393: 9381: 9303: 9022: 8913: 8839: 8656: 8641: 8605: 8583: 8510: 8041: 8001: 7678:"NASA's New Horizons Mission Releases Snowman-like Picture of Ultima Thule" 6513: 5284: 4992: 4883: 4716: 4617: 4275:"2014 MU69 revealed as a contact binary in first New Horizons data returns" 4033: 3976: 3972: 3595: 3447:"Size and Shape Constraints of (486958) Arrokoth from Stellar Occultations" 3286: 3131: 2566: 2521: 2254: 2102:

imaging data, Arrokoth's rotation period is determined to be 15.938 hours.

2071: 2036: 1722: 1494: 1410: 1351:

of organic compounds and volatiles on Arrokoth was also thought to produce

1265: 1230: 1155: 902: 795: 786: 52: 9476: 8824: 7177:. Africa Initiative for Planetary and Space Sciences. 2018. Archived from 4441:. Carleton University, School of Linguistics and Applied Language Studies. 1991:

region 39.5–48 AU from the Sun, Arrokoth is formally classified as a

1507:, in which they were eroded due to the sublimation of volatiles, exposing 10385: 10284: 9965: 9960: 9787: 9736: 9697: 9339: 9307: 9232: 9222: 9167: 9131: 8558: 8516: 8504: 8313: 7990: 4330: 4305: 3388: 3068:

The only record of the word was collected in 1610–1611 by English writer

2574: 2537: 2501: 2360: 1988: 1508: 1397: 1324: 1300: 1285: 1256:

on the surface of Arrokoth, but no evidence of water ice. One particular

1136: 1122: 1085: 952: 773: 638: 625: 577: 335: 7655:"NASA's New Horizons Spacecraft Takes the Inside Course to Ultima Thule" 6718: 6037:

Orbits and Accessibility of Potential New Horizons KBO Encounter Targets

4774:"What We've Learned About Ultima Thule From NASA's New Horizons Mission" 3790: 3190:"JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 486958 Arrokoth (2014 MU69)" 2024: 1493:

of Weeyo, along with two possible kilometer-sized impact craters on the

1388:

team. The thumbprint features are located near Wenu's limb. The surface

10299: 10074: 10050: 9896: 9756: 9702: 9359: 9292: 9069: 9058: 9052: 9046: 9040: 9027: 9016: 9010: 8637: 8553: 8486: 8416: 8385: 6190: 5920: 3145: 2894: 2690: 2258: 2179:

Illustration depicting the hypothesized formation sequence of Arrokoth.

2119: 2091: 1910: 1843: 1758: 1726: 1595: 1543: 1534: 1486: 1356: 1320: 1312: 1245: 1241: 1069: 1010:

is glossed as 'sky', but it would seem that it actually meant 'cloud'.

838: 541: 233: 6905:"SOFIA to Make Advance Observations of Next New Horizons Flyby Object" 6195:"The PI's Perspective: The Heroes of the DSN and the 'Summer of MU69'" 4222:"New Horizons, Meet Ultima Thule: Probe's Next Target Gets a Nickname" 2974:

team use this classical pronunciation, the pseudo-Latin pronunciation

1967:

of 851 days, Arrokoth's orbit is fairly well-determined, with an

10279: 10086: 10062: 10027: 9949: 9937: 9792: 9682: 9419: 9349: 9247: 9227: 9096: 9080: 9064: 8999: 8970: 8929: 8787: 8648: 8600: 8543: 8481: 8466: 8452: 8260: 8248: 8091: 7484:"Maneuver Moves New Horizons Spacecraft toward Next Potential Target" 7201:"New Horizons Team Reports Initial Success in Observing Ultima Thule" 5550:"The latest picture of Ultima Thule reveals a remarkably smooth face" 4131: 4078:"NASA's New Horizons Team Selects Potential Kuiper Belt Flyby Target" 2752:

LORRI images of Arrokoth from December 2018 to January 2019

2554:

observations, this put constraints on possible debris near Arrokoth.

2509: 2432: 2366: 2350: 2341: 1769: 1669: 1336: 938: 849: 818: 6504: 6479: 5367:"Crater Density Predictions for New Horizons flyby target 2014 MU69" 1081: 10176: 9985: 9612: 9253: 9242: 9211: 9186: 9144: 9102: 9075: 8958: 8946: 8902: 8890: 8878: 8395: 8390: 8367: 8272: 8236: 8224: 8212: 8200: 8183: 8137: 8115: 8103: 8079: 7025: 7009:: HST FGS Observations during the 2017 July 17 Stellar Occultation" 6599: 6409: 6146: 5850: 5662: 5630: 5383: 5364: 5140: 5028: 4959: 4846: 4683: 4592: 4389:"New Horizons Kuiper Belt Flyby Object Officially Named 'Arrokoth'" 4359: 3748: 3696: 3641: 3562: 3463: 3103:'it is a cloud, it is cloudy'. Given that the first vowel is long ( 2860:

5:42 UT, after closest approach; 8,900 km (5,500 mi)

2423: 2163: 2000: 1996: 1914: 1714: 1352: 1249: 1238: 1022: 4355:"NASA renames faraway ice world after Nazi-link backlash (Update)" 4127:"Hubble Telescope Spots Post-Pluto Targets for New Horizons Probe" 2042:

Near-polar view of Arrokoth's rotation over a period of nine hours

1511:

of darker material irradiated by sunlight. Another bright region (

10344: 10324: 9927: 9901: 9287: 8918: 8853: 8621: 8347: 8342: 8337: 8332: 8327: 8319: 8194: 8153: 8148: 8131: 8126: 8049: 7966: 7544:"On Track: New Horizons Carries Out Third KBO Targeting Maneuver" 3861: 3422: 2562: 1918: 1857: 1538: 1328: 475: 8713: 7873: 6393: 5335: 5319:("Ultima Thule"): The role of synthetic organic solids (tholins) 5181:"New Horizons: Possible Clouds on Pluto, Next Target is Reddish" 1658:

the circular linea (the "Road to Nowhere") in the center of Wenu

10223: 9975: 9970: 9808: 9399: 9264: 9121: 8362: 8357: 8352: 8005: 7388:"NASA's New Horizons Will Visit Ultima Thule on New Year's Day" 6305: 4664: 4645:

Geology and Geophysics of 2014 MU69: New Horizons Flyby Results

4242:

The Tourism Imaginary and Pilgrimages to the Edges of the World

2936: 1389: 1340: 1308: 1261: 658: 443: 3625: 3026: 2945: 2228:

In an alternative hypothesis formulated by researchers of the

117: 9906: 9723: 7596:"Ultima Thule: Preliminary Science Results from New Horizons" 6537:"A World Beyond Pluto: Finding a New Target for New Horizons" 3020: 2986: 2939: 2683: 1871: 1829: 1730: 1304: 924: 7514:"New Horizons Continues Toward Potential Kuiper Belt Target" 6849:"Chasing Shadows for a Glimpse of a Tiny World Beyond Pluto" 5308: 5125: 1248:. Spectral measurements from LEISA revealed the presence of 129: 8496: 8009: 7975: 7959: 6999: 6965:. 49th Meeting of the AAS Division for Planetary Sciences. 4747:"New Horizons' Next Target Just Got a Lot More Interesting" 3262:"New Horizons Chooses Nickname for 'Ultimate' Flyby Target" 2992: 2450:

Arrokoth briefly blocked the light from an unnamed star in

1466: 879: 817:

Arrokoth was discovered on 26 June 2014 by astronomer

781: 532: 455: 120: 6566:. European Planetary Science Congress 2015. Vol. 10. 3674: 2340:

images from Hubble, Arrokoth was identified by astronomer

126: 6584: 6123: 5497: 4802:"New Horizons' Evocative Farewell Glance at Ultima Thule" 4641: 3940: 3111:

in Powhatan, so the name is approximatable in English as

2711: 1687: 1448: 1146:

The longest axes of the lobi are nearly aligned with the

10355:

Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 41

7289: 7070: 6873: 6871: 6797:"New Mysteries Surround New Horizons' Next Flyby Target" 6309:

On the Origin of the Remarkable Contact Binary (486958)

5430:"New Horizons' Newest and Best-Yet View of Ultima Thule" 5069: 3682:

and other long-range New Horizons Kuiper Belt targets".

3444: 3418:"Press Briefing: The developing picture of Ultima Thule" 2154:

to that of comets, with an estimated minimum density of

790:

conducted a flyby on 1 January 2019. Arrokoth is a

6556: 6368: 6033: 5679: 5608: 4567: 4303: 4268: 4266: 4264: 4262: 4071: 4069: 4067: 4065: 4063: 4061: 3547: 3508: 3362: 1881:

Arrokoth orbits the Sun at an average distance of 44.6

1272:. Arrokoth's spectrum shares similarities with that of 1073:

Shape model of Arrokoth, colored to show variations in

7143: 7141: 6958: 5683:

Latitude Zones and Seasons on 2014 MU69 'Ultima Thule'

4911:"How Ultima Thule Is Like a Sticky, Pull-Apart Pastry" 3837:. Applied Physics Laboratory. December 2018. p. 5 2890:

List of minor planets and comets visited by spacecraft

2325:

team initiated a search for suitable targets with the

1797:

trajectory from January 19, 2006 to December 30, 2030

1041:

was proposed to the IAU and formally announced by the

976:(IAU) announced the object's permanent official name, 6868: 6642: 6640: 6638: 6636: 6634: 5523:"The PI's Perspective: Looking Back, Looking Forward" 3113: 3035: 3001: 2963: 2954: 2336:

team began their search for potential targets. While

1756:

potential targets 1 to 3. Arrokoth (PT1) is in blue,

123: 6883:"New Horizons prepares for encounter with 2014 MU69" 6790: 6788: 6771:"NASA's New Horizons Team Strikes Gold in Argentina" 5731:"Arrokoth's Prominent Features Given Official Names" 5675: 5673: 5212: 5210: 5208: 5206: 5204: 5202: 4465:. Astronomical International Union. 8 November 2019. 4259: 4058: 4038:"New Horizons HST KBO Search Results: Status Report" 3730:

Thirouin, Audrey; Sheppard, Scott S. (August 2019).

3023: 3017: 2989: 2983: 2942: 2871: 1233:

show that Arrokoth's spectrum exhibits a strong red

7649: 7647: 7175:"AFIPS participation to NASA expedition in Senegal" 7138: 6826:"The Case of the Dog that Didn't Bark in the Night" 6820: 6818: 6765: 6763: 6761: 6375:. AGU Fall Meeting 2019. American Geophysical Union 4943: 4637: 4635: 4096: 3014: 2980: 2933: 2468:

Pre-flyby conceptual art, based on occultation data

1995:, or cubewano. Arrokoth's orbit is inclined to the 1588:

the larger lobe of Arrokoth, provisionally "Ultima"

1031:

Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory

114: 6631: 6448: 6446: 6444: 6090: 6088: 6086: 6084: 5516: 5514: 5493: 5491: 5489: 5455: 5453: 5451: 5013: 4383: 4381: 4379: 4377: 4191:. Astronomical International Union. 12 March 2017. 3789: 3504: 3502: 3500: 1380:of Arrokoth show that the Akasa (neck) region and 778:object in the Solar System visited by a spacecraft 776:. Arrokoth became the farthest and most primitive 7506: 6785: 6299: 6275: 6273: 6271: 5950: 5948: 5946: 5670: 5575: 5573: 5571: 5329: 5199: 4831: 3884:"New Horizons Successfully Explores Ultima Thule" 3621: 3619: 3617: 3615: 3613: 3412: 3410: 3408: 3406: 2920: 2918: 832:as part of a search for a Kuiper-belt object for 10426: 7669: 7661:. Applied Physics Laboratory. 18 December 2018. 7644: 7614: 7580:. Applied Physics Laboratory. 6 September 2017. 7566: 7476: 7455: 7453: 7331: 7311: 7309: 6815: 6758: 6364: 6362: 6360: 6282:"New Results Probe the Origin of "Ultima Thule"" 6226:. Applied Physics Laboratory. 20 December 2018. 6119: 6117: 6115: 6113: 5723: 5541: 5467:. Applied Physics Laboratory. 22 February 2019. 5360: 5358: 5356: 5354: 5352: 4870: 4632: 4422:. University of Georgia Press. pp. 285–453. 3729: 3670: 3668: 2285:Discovery images of Arrokoth, cropped from five 2105:Due to the high axial tilt of its rotation, the 7574:"New Horizons Files Flight Plan for 2019 Flyby" 7550:. Applied Physics Laboratory. 29 October 2015. 7536: 7520:. Applied Physics Laboratory. 26 October 2015. 7490:. Applied Physics Laboratory. 23 October 2015. 7345:. Applied Physics Laboratory. 5 November 2015. 7110:Green, Jim; Stern, S. Alan (12 December 2017). 6738: 6736: 6578: 6441: 6333: 6331: 6329: 6214: 6212: 6081: 5971: 5969: 5960:"New Horizons extended mission target selected" 5869:"Minor Planet Ephemeris Service: Query Results" 5863: 5861: 5838: 5836: 5834: 5832: 5830: 5709:Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature 5700:Schulz, Rita (4 May 2020). Lissauer, J. (ed.). 5511: 5486: 5448: 4765: 4374: 4299: 4297: 4295: 4204:"Help Nickname New Horizons' Next Flyby Target" 3981:"The Moment We First Saw Ultima Thule Up Close" 3788: 3725: 3723: 3497: 2508:formed a specialized "KBO Chasers" team led by 2086:spacecraft. Subsequent images of Arrokoth from 1552:Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature 1025:people indigenous to the Tidewater region. The 858:, to become the primary target of the mission. 7628:. Applied Physics Laboratory. 28 August 2018. 7228: 7226: 6268: 5975: 5943: 5568: 5065: 5063: 4902: 4485:"The Hunt Is On for Moons Around Ultima Thule" 4478: 4476: 4474: 4472: 4395:. Applied Physics Laboratory. 12 November 2019 4238: 4151:"New- And Old-Style Minor Planet Designations" 3967: 3965: 3890:. Applied Physics Laboratory. 1 January 2019. 3865:. Applied Physics Laboratory. 1 January 2019. 3610: 3403: 3255: 3253: 3251: 2915: 2277:New Horizons § Kuiper belt object mission 2057:as it rotates. Though the rotation period and 1668:word for 'sky'; near homonym for 'snake' (see 1005: 794:36 km (22 mi) long, composed of two 150: 9824: 9561: 9547: 9492: 8729: 7889: 7697: 7450: 7405: 7379: 7306: 7283: 7207:. Applied Physics Laboratory. 4 August 2018. 6357: 6110: 5915: 5913: 5693: 5349: 5224:. Applied Physics Laboratory. 18 March 2019. 5172: 4740: 4738: 4004: 3665: 3290:"Orbit Fit and Astrometric record for 486958" 2833:5:14 UT, 16,700 km (10,400 mi) 2821:5:01 UT, 73,900 km (45,900 mi) 2516:On 10 July 2017, the airborne telescope 1473:on Arrokoth is sufficient for this to occur. 955:, while in classical and medieval literature 7588: 7105: 7103: 7101: 7099: 7097: 7095: 7066: 7064: 7062: 6936:. Applied Physics Laboratory. 11 July 2017. 6911:. Applied Physics Laboratory. 10 July 2017. 6777:. Applied Physics Laboratory. 19 July 2017. 6750:. Applied Physics Laboratory. Archived from 6733: 6552: 6550: 6473: 6471: 6387: 6326: 6209: 6055: 5966: 5858: 5827: 5121: 5119: 4563: 4561: 4559: 4557: 4555: 4553: 4551: 4549: 4547: 4545: 4543: 4541: 4539: 4537: 4535: 4533: 4531: 4529: 4527: 4525: 4450: 4448: 4292: 4239:Herrero, Nieves; Roseman, Sharon R. (2015). 4176: 4174: 3857:"New Horizons: First Images of Ultima Thule" 3732:"Colors of Trans-Neptunian Contact Binaries" 3720: 3358: 3356: 3309: 3307: 3224: 3222: 3220: 3218: 3216: 3214: 3212: 3210: 3084:'clouds'. He reconstructs these as the word 1631:the bright ring on the neck between the lobi 943:) is the northernmost location mentioned in 155:, glossed 'sky' but probably meaning 'cloud' 9506: 7375:. Applied Physics Laboratory. 26 June 2019. 7223: 6993: 6924: 6922: 6685: 6100:"Finally! New Horizons has a second target" 6029: 6027: 5651: 5649: 5604: 5602: 5424: 5422: 5420: 5304: 5302: 5060: 4939: 4937: 4935: 4933: 4931: 4827: 4825: 4823: 4660: 4658: 4523: 4521: 4519: 4517: 4515: 4513: 4511: 4509: 4507: 4505: 4469: 4143: 3971: 3962: 3936: 3934: 3878: 3876: 3354: 3352: 3350: 3348: 3346: 3344: 3342: 3340: 3338: 3336: 3248: 2636:—with and without background star omission 2624:New Horizons § Encounter with Arrokoth 2014: 1736: 1713:, its internal structure is expected to be 956: 922: 10465:Discoveries by the New Horizons KBO Search 9831: 9817: 9554: 9540: 9499: 9485: 8810:(lunar obiter, lander and rover; Jul 2019) 8736: 8722: 7896: 7882: 7819: 7459: 7440:"New Horizons: Ultima Thule is dead ahead" 7109: 6877: 6528: 6452: 6185: 6183: 6181: 6094: 5954: 5910: 5873:Minor Planet & Comet Ephemeris Service 4793: 4735: 4245:. Channel View Publications. p. 122. 3543: 3541: 3539: 3537: 3535: 3533: 3531: 3440: 3438: 3281: 3279: 1303:. Arrokoth's color is redder than that of 1057:team's naming citation was published in a 27: 10470:Discoveries by the Hubble Space Telescope 7253: 7113:New Horizons Kuiper Belt Extended Mission 7092: 7059: 7042: 7024: 6840: 6598: 6547: 6503: 6468: 6408: 6145: 5887: 5849: 5661: 5629: 5400: 5382: 5218:"A Prehistoric Puzzle in the Kuiper Belt" 5139: 5116: 5099: 5027: 4958: 4845: 4682: 4591: 4445: 4329: 4171: 3765: 3747: 3695: 3640: 3561: 3480: 3462: 3304: 3207: 3184: 3182: 3180: 3178: 2209: 10455:Contact binary (small Solar System body) 7740:): Most Distant Object Explored Up Close 7193: 7019:(2). American Astronomical Society: 72. 6952: 6919: 6897: 6711: 6691: 6242: 6024: 5976:Delsanti, Audrey; Jewitt, David (2006). 5842: 5646: 5599: 5547: 5417: 5299: 5240: 5007: 4928: 4876: 4820: 4655: 4502: 4420:Studies in Southeastern Indian Languages 4272: 4213: 4195: 4118: 3931: 3911: 3909: 3873: 3369:Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets 3333: 2669: 2647: 2627: 2584: 2504:three background stars. The team behind 2416:Results of the 2017 occultation campaign 2305:spacecraft to fly by. Scientists of the 2280: 2173: 1476:The smaller lobus, Weeyo, bears a large 1442: 1080: 1068: 987: 866:When Arrokoth was first observed by the 10490:Objects observed by stellar occultation 10445:Astronomical objects discovered in 2014 10435:Minor planet object articles (numbered) 6794: 6337: 6178: 5582:"New Views of Two-Lobed "Ultima Thule"" 5178: 4413: 4201: 4075: 3528: 3435: 3276: 3259: 2394:team combined data from Hubble and the 2098:to its orbit. Based on occultation and 1609:the smaller lobe, provisionally "Thule" 10427: 7705:"LORRI Images from the Arrokoth Flyby" 7665:from the original on 28 December 2018. 7584:from the original on 7 September 2017. 7460:Lakdawalla, Emily (17 December 2018). 7232: 7167: 6692:Anderson, Paul Scott (8 August 2018). 6534: 6279: 5699: 5579: 5556:. Society for Science & the Public 5246: 4799: 4744: 4731:from the original on 13 February 2020. 4432: 3869:from the original on 14 November 2021. 3175: 2714:in the direction of the constellation 2375:, the second most feasible target for 1979:Arrokoth is generally classified as a 1166: 921:, was selected on 13 March 2018. 9812: 9535: 9480: 9415:(end of mission; Aug 2018 / Feb 2019) 8717: 8652:(enters interstellar space; Dec 2018) 8579:C/2018 V1 (Machholz-Fujikawa-Iwamoto) 7877: 7675: 7524:from the original on 19 November 2015 7437: 7411: 7385: 7002:"Probing the Hill Sphere of (486958) 6846: 6649:"Mission Support of the New Horizons 6646: 6477: 6189: 6106:from the original on 15 October 2014. 5978:"The Solar System Beyond The Planets" 5893: 5823:. USGS Astrogeology Research Program. 5805:. USGS Astrogeology Research Program. 5787:. USGS Astrogeology Research Program. 5769:. USGS Astrogeology Research Program. 5751:. USGS Astrogeology Research Program. 5520: 5471:from the original on 23 February 2019 4908: 4771: 4352: 3927:from the original on 6 November 2019. 3906: 2500:In June and July 2017, Arrokoth 1927:minimum orbital intersection distance 1699: 996:Arrokoth was named for a word in the 358:Longitude of ascending node 33:Grayscale composite image of Arrokoth 9250:(first-ever light from bh-bh merger) 8796:(solar sail demonstration; Jun 2019) 7758:LORRI Images from the Arrokoth Flyby 7554:from the original on 1 November 2015 7494:from the original on 25 October 2015 7349:from the original on 7 November 2015 7266:Mikulski Archive for Space Telescope 7259: 5931:from the original on 5 February 2020 5702:"Commission F2 Annual Report (2019)" 5655: 4889:Society for Science & the Public 4879:"Ultima Thule may be a frankenworld" 4482: 4219: 4124: 4032: 4026: 3818:participating institution membership 2580: 2408: 1683:the large compaction crater on Weeyo 1447:The geology of Arrokoth, with comet 10475:Minor planets visited by spacecraft 10156:Venetia Burney Student Dust Counter 7632:from the original on 29 August 2018 7412:Chang, Kenneth (30 December 2018). 7386:Chang, Kenneth (31 December 2018). 6656:Encounter via Stellar Occultations" 6230:from the original on 1 January 2019 5983:. In Blonde, P.; Mason, J. (eds.). 5821:Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature 5803:Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature 5785:Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature 5767:Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature 5749:Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature 5179:Talbert, Tricia (18 October 2016). 4202:Talbert, Tricia (6 November 2017). 3894:from the original on 1 January 2019 2809:), 137,000 km (85,000 mi) 2531:AAS Division for Planetary Sciences 2193:, in which they slowed down due to 2144: 2137:, higher than the modeled range of 1437: 13: 10450:Cold classical Kuiper belt objects 7211:from the original on 4 August 2018 6915:from the original on 13 July 2017. 6781:from the original on 20 July 2017. 6069:. International Astronomical Union 5894:Davis, Jason (19 September 2018). 5711:. International Astronomical Union 5548:Grossman, Lisa (29 January 2019). 5228:from the original on 26 March 2019 4439:Proto-Algonquian Online Dictionary 4273:Gebhardt, Chris (2 January 2019). 4159:. International Astronomical Union 4076:Talbert, Tricia (28 August 2015). 3321:. International Astronomical Union 3236:. International Astronomical Union 2897:– Another minor planet visited by 2299:find a suitable Kuiper belt object 1513: 1499: 802:of about 298 years and a low 14: 10506: 9256:(first-ever "mass-gap" collision) 8743: 7903: 7726: 7676:Chang, Kenneth (2 January 2019). 7438:Stern, Allan (26 December 2018). 7270:Space Telescope Science Institute 7260:Buie, Marc W. (9 February 2018). 7233:Keeter, Bill (6 September 2018). 6940:from the original on 14 July 2017 6836:from the original on 9 July 2017. 6338:Bartels, Meghan (18 March 2019). 6250:"Arrokoth (2014 MU69) – In Depth" 6063:"List Of Trans-Neptunian Objects" 5371:The Astrophysical Journal Letters 5080:The Astrophysical Journal Letters 4772:Chang, Kenneth (3 January 2019). 4353:Ahmed, Issam (12 November 2019). 4112:Space Telescope Science Institute 4045:Space Telescope Science Institute 4020:Space Telescope Science Institute 3260:Talbert, Tricia (13 March 2018). 3107:), that syllable would have been 1441: 1355:gas that would interact with the 812:cold classical Kuiper belt object 10411: 10410: 10136:Long Range Reconnaissance Imager 10105: 9838: 9451: 9450: 9439: 9324: 8989: 8829: 8823: 8817: 8777: 8688: 8687: 8676: 8528: 8303: 8031: 8025: 8019: 7937: 7767:AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site 7742:at NASA Solar System Exploration 7431: 7361: 6847:Chang, Kenneth (8 August 2017). 6480:"Pluto-bound probe faces crisis" 6478:Witze, Alexandra (22 May 2014). 5580:Beatty, Kelly (4 January 2019). 5521:Stern, Alan (17 December 2021). 4909:Chang, Kenneth (18 March 2019). 4877:Grossman, Lisa (18 March 2019). 4800:Keeter, Bill (8 February 2019). 3285: 3157: 3010: 2976: 2929: 2874: 2853: 2838: 2826: 2814: 2794: 2782: 2770: 2758: 2486: 2474: 2440: 2431: 2422: 2035: 2023: 1783: 1745: 1291:Preliminary observations by the 1193: 1184: 1175: 974:International Astronomical Union 110: 7986:(solar space mission; Aug 2018) 6795:Talbert, Tricia (5 July 2017). 6280:Beatty, Kelly (19 March 2019). 5809: 5791: 5773: 5755: 5737: 4576:, a small Kuiper Belt object". 4426: 4407: 4346: 4232: 3849: 3824: 3782: 3512:The Shape and Pole of (486958) 3230:"(486958) Arrokoth = 2014 MU69" 3138: 3123: 3062: 3045: 3008:, and the hybrid pronunciation 2904:List of trans-Neptunian objects 2612:Division for Planetary Sciences 1045:team in a ceremony held at the 912: 6721:. Southwest Research Institute 6220:"Ultima Thule's First Mystery" 5987:. Springer. pp. 267–293. 5921:"KBO 2014 MU69 (Ultima Thule)" 4745:Keeter, Bill (3 August 2017). 4125:Wall, Mike (15 October 2014). 3923:. Applied Physics Laboratory. 3292:. Southwest Research Institute 2703:– SCET) at which point it was 2682:Having completed its flyby of 2617: 2265: 1315:of various simple organic and 1311:, which are produced from the 909:486958 on 12 March 2017. 810:, Arrokoth is classified as a 1: 6967:American Astronomical Society 6535:Parker, Alex (28 June 2016). 6254:NASA Solar System Exploration 5733:. Sci-News. 16 February 2022. 5434:NASA Solar System Exploration 4483:Wall, Mike (4 January 2019). 3428:Lunar and Planetary Institute 3169: 3082:⟨arrahgwotuwss⟩ 2847:6,600 km (4,100 mi) 2609:American Astronomical Society 2186:formation of the Solar System 2009:formation of the Solar System 1154:to each other, likely due to 10229:Southwest Research Institute 9466:Category:2020 in outer space 9461:Category:2019 in outer space 9456:Category:2018 in outer space 7711:. Applied Physics Laboratory 6427:10.1016/j.icarus.2020.113824 6197:. Applied Physics Laboratory 6164:10.1016/j.icarus.2019.01.023 5529:. Applied Physics Laboratory 5158:10.1016/j.icarus.2020.114072 5046:10.1016/j.icarus.2020.113831 4418:. In Crawford, James (ed.). 4310:Geophysical Research Letters 4220:Wall, Mike (14 March 2018). 4047:. p. 23. Archived from 3706:10.1016/j.icarus.2019.01.025 3651:10.1016/j.icarus.2020.113723 2632:Arrokoth among the stars of 2573:By combining data about its 2270: 2169: 1993:classical Kuiper belt object 1053:on 8 November, and the 939: 7: 10214:Goddard Space Flight Center 8441:Hyperion proto-supercluster 7319:. Jet Propulsion Laboratory 2867: 2533:, on 20 October 2017. 2253:The long-term frequency of 2230:Chinese Academy of Sciences 1503:) which may have undergone 1216:Measurements of Arrokoth's 1121:flyby of Arrokoth, stellar 983: 870:in 2014, it was designated 425:Overall volume equivalent: 370:Argument of perihelion 10: 10511: 10204:Applied Physics Laboratory 4856:10.1038/s41550-020-01218-7 2744: 2621: 2274: 1403: 1161: 965:team nicknamed the larger 934: 194:Minor planet category 10408: 10373: 10317: 10247: 10219:Jet Propulsion Laboratory 10196: 10189: 10169: 10121: 10114: 10103: 10042: 9920: 9889: 9882: 9848: 9780: 9722: 9659: 9611: 9578: 9569: 9563:Small Solar System bodies 9514: 9434: 9373: 9322: 9203: 8985: 8873:Asteroid close approaches 8862: 8838: 8815: 8771: 8749: 8671: 8592: 8526: 8495: 8404: 8299: 8074:Asteroid close approaches 8063: 8040: 8017: 7931: 7909: 6617:10.1007/s11214-018-0507-4 6102:. The Planetary Society. 3797:Oxford English Dictionary 3194:Jet Propulsion Laboratory 3092:'clouds' (compare Ojibwa 2614:on 26 October 2018. 1562: 743: 722: 710: 674: 632: 593: 574: 553: 539: 518: 497: 472: 468:(assumed nominal density) 454: 442: 417: 386: 379: 367: 355: 345: 333: 318: 306:Orbital period (sidereal) 303: 293: 281: 271: 258: 248: 240: 228: 221: 191: 178:Ultima Thule (unofficial) 159: 140: 105: 93: 88: 80: 66: 43: 38: 26: 10460:Discoveries by Marc Buie 8790:(lunar lander; Feb 2019) 8625:(Mars landing; Oct 2018) 8422:MACS J1149 Lensed Star 1 7317:"HORIZONS Web-Interface" 7044:10.3847/1538-3881/aacdf8 7013:The Astronomical Journal 6977:. 504.06. Archived from 6593:(4). Springer Link: 23. 6256:. NASA. 19 December 2019 6001:10.1007/3-540-37683-6_11 5962:. The Planetary Society. 5402:10.3847/2041-8213/ab01db 5101:10.3847/2041-8213/ac044b 3832:"New Horizons Press Kit" 3767:10.3847/1538-3881/ab27bc 3736:The Astronomical Journal 3482:10.3847/1538-3881/ab6ced 3451:The Astronomical Journal 3192:(2014-10-22 last obs.). 3078:⟨arrokoth⟩ 2909: 2015:Rotation and temperature 1921:for its orbit to become 1737:Orbit and classification 1064: 725:Absolute magnitude 381:Physical characteristics 162:Alternative designations 9508:Minor planets navigator 8446:2MASS J18082002−5104378 7950:(lunar flyby; Apr 2018) 7816:JPL Small-Body Database 7464:. The Planetary Society 6885:. The Planetary Society 5898:. The Planetary Society 5436:. NASA. 24 January 2019 5269:10.1126/science.aba6889 4977:10.1126/science.aay3705 4701:10.1126/science.aay3999 4610:10.1126/science.aaw9771 4414:Siebert, Frank (1975). 3802:Oxford University Press 3580:10.1126/science.aay3999 3135:on 1 January 2019. 2927:is normally pronounced 2686:in July 2015, the 1974:JPL Small-Body Database 1550:In May 2020, the IAU's 1006: 888:provisional designation 878:probe was announced by 861: 754:provisional designation 521:Synodic rotation period 223:Orbital characteristics 151: 58:New Horizons KBO Search 10381:Hubble Space Telescope 10239:University of Colorado 9688:Trans-Neptunian object 9446:Outer space portal 9389:; Dec 2018 / Jan 2019) 8683:Outer space portal 8664:; Dec 2018 / Jan 2019) 7780:Observation prediction 7237:. NASA. Archived from 6799:. NASA. Archived from 5183:. NASA. Archived from 4804:. NASA. Archived from 4749:. NASA. Archived from 4080:. NASA. Archived from 2679: 2667: 2645: 2590: 2329:on 16 June 2014. 2327:Hubble Space Telescope 2294: 2291:Hubble Space Telescope 2210:Flattening and merging 2181: 2122:measurements from the 1985:trans-Neptunian object 1453: 1293:Hubble Space Telescope 1237:extending from red to 1098: 1078: 1075:geopotential elevation 1027:Hubble Space Telescope 1021:team to represent the 993: 972:In November 2019, the 957: 923: 897:, was assigned by the 868:Hubble Space Telescope 830:Hubble Space Telescope 770:trans-Neptunian object 74:Hubble Space Telescope 9873:New Frontiers program 8574:C/2018 F4 (PanSTARRS) 6647:Young, Eliot (2016). 6587:Space Science Reviews 6462:The Planetary Society 6020:on 25 September 2007. 5312:The colors of 486958 4433:Hewson, John (2017). 2701:Spacecraft Event Time 2673: 2658: 2631: 2588: 2396:European Space Agency 2293:on 26 June 2014. 2284: 2191:streaming instability 2177: 2059:light curve amplitude 1969:uncertainty parameter 1817: 486958 Arrokoth 1767:(PT2) is in red, and 1598:word for 'sky, above' 1446: 1084: 1072: 1061:on 12 November. 1059:Minor Planet Circular 1035:Pamunkey Indian Tribe 991: 764:; formerly nicknamed 492:0.155–0.600 g/cm 242:Uncertainty parameter 10399:Pluto Kuiper Express 9859:Exploration of Pluto 9661:Distant minor planet 9405:far side of the Moon 5958:(1 September 2015). 4331:10.1029/2022GL098406 4084:on 26 September 2015 3389:10.1029/2021JE007068 3315:"MPC – Orbit Sketch" 3074:Algonquian languages 2674:View of Arrokoth by 2642:20 to 15; late 2018) 2338:digitally processing 2289:images taken by the 2248:synchronous rotation 2234:Max Planck Institute 1981:distant minor planet 1931:Deep Ecliptic Survey 1907:orbital eccentricity 750:486958 Arrokoth 501:surface gravity 410:15.75 × 13.85 × 9.75 402:21.20 × 19.90 × 9.05 395:35.95 × 19.90 × 9.75 96:MPC designation 10495:2019 in spaceflight 10480:Named minor planets 10234:Stanford University 9355:138P/Shoemaker–Levy 9335:C/2018 Y1 (Iwamoto) 9260:J043947.08+163415.7 8703:2019 in outer space 8698:2018 in outer space 8693:2017 in outer space 8433:541132 Leleākūhonua 7867:Physical parameters 7300:2018DPS....5050906B 7126:on 26 December 2018 7035:2018AJ....156...72K 6975:2017DPS....4950406Y 6881:(24 January 2018). 6672:2016sofi.prop..168Y 6609:2018SSRv..214...77S 6572:2015EPSC...10..417S 6496:2014Natur.509..407W 6419:2021Icar..35613824M 6286:Sky & Telescope 6156:2017DPS....4950407B 6098:(15 October 2014). 6067:Minor Planet Center 6049:2015LPI....46.1301P 5993:2006ssu..book..267D 5985:Solar System Update 5799:"Kaʼan Arcus" 5640:2019LPI....50.1742S 5586:Sky & Telescope 5393:2019ApJ...872L...5G 5261:2020Sci...367..980J 5150:2021Icar..35614072L 5092:2021ApJ...914L..31M 5038:2021Icar..35613831L 4969:2020Sci...367.3705G 4808:on 16 December 2019 4693:2020Sci...367.3999S 4602:2019Sci...364.9771S 4463:Minor Planet Center 4322:2022GeoRL..4998406M 4279:NASASpaceFlight.com 4189:Minor Planet Center 4156:Minor Planet Center 4139:on 15 October 2014. 4036:(15 October 2014). 3986:Scientific American 3979:(17 January 2019). 3956:2019LPI....50.1611P 3800:(Online ed.). 3758:2019AJ....158...53T 3572:2020Sci...367.3999S 3473:2020AJ....159..130B 3381:2022JGRE..12707068K 3319:Minor Planet Center 3234:Minor Planet Center 3096:'cloud'), from the 2882:Solar System portal 2388:stellar occultation 2287:Wide Field Camera 3 2114:on the illuminated 1936:At the time of the 1913:to 46.4 AU at 1706:amorphous water ice 1559: 1523:mechanical strength 1459:geological features 1218:absorption spectrum 1167:Spectra and surface 1051:Minor Planet Center 907:minor planet number 899:Minor Planet Center 804:orbital inclination 81:Discovery date 68:Discovery site 23: 10365:Deep Space Network 9127:Proxima Centauri c 8644:arrival; Dec 2018) 8608:arrival; Jun 2018) 8569:38P/Stephan–Oterma 8549:C/2018 C2 (Lemmon) 8539:C/2017 T1 (Heinze) 7983:Parker Solar Probe 7804:Observational info 7683:The New York Times 7418:The New York Times 7392:The New York Times 6854:The New York Times 4953:(6481): eaay3705. 4915:The New York Times 4779:The New York Times 4753:on 4 December 2017 4114:. 15 October 2014. 3556:(6481): eaay3999. 2722:was 6 hours. 2680: 2668: 2646: 2640:apparent magnitude 2591: 2295: 2182: 1883:astronomical units 1778:(PT3) is in green. 1700:Internal structure 1686:The English word ' 1557: 1454: 1141:centrifugal forces 1099: 1079: 1077:across its surface 1017:was chosen by the 994: 713:Apparent magnitude 254:2.33 yr (851 days) 45:Discovered by 21: 16:Kuiper belt object 10422: 10421: 10360: 10350: 10340: 10330: 10313: 10312: 10185: 10184: 10101: 10100: 9806: 9805: 9718: 9717: 9603:Meanings of names 9529: 9528: 9474: 9473: 9374:Space exploration 9345:168P/Hergenrother 8711: 8710: 8593:Space exploration 8564:64P/Swift–Gehrels 8376:(refuted in 2021) 7444:Sky and Telescope 7241:on 9 October 2018 7181:on 22 August 2018 6981:on 9 October 2018 6879:Lakdawalla, Emily 6830:The Outer Sanctum 6490:(7501): 407–408. 6454:Lakdawalla, Emily 6193:(8 August 2017). 6096:Lakdawalla, Emily 5956:Lakdawalla, Emily 5255:(6481): 980–981. 4586:(6441): aaw9771. 3816:(Subscription or 2656: 2581:2018 occultations 2409:2017 occultations 2151:natural satellite 2074:around 1.0–1.15. 1719:radioactive decay 1697: 1696: 1693:2 September 2021 1675:2 September 2021 1647:2 September 2021 1535:center of gravity 1527:Kaʼan Arcus 1254:organic compounds 1088:animation of two 1047:NASA Headquarters 998:Powhatan language 747: 746: 670: 669: 392:Overall best fit: 101:(486958) Arrokoth 10502: 10414: 10413: 10358: 10348: 10338: 10328: 10194: 10193: 10119: 10118: 10109: 10094: 10092: 10091: 10082: 10080: 10079: 10070: 10068: 10067: 10058: 10056: 10055: 10035: 10033: 10032: 10023: 10021: 10020: 10016:(556416) 2014 OE 10011: 10009: 10008: 10004:(516977) 2012 HZ 9999: 9997: 9996: 9992:(307261) 2002 MS 9957: 9955: 9954: 9945: 9943: 9942: 9887: 9886: 9833: 9826: 9819: 9810: 9809: 9576: 9575: 9556: 9549: 9542: 9533: 9532: 9501: 9494: 9487: 9478: 9477: 9454: 9453: 9444: 9443: 9442: 9423:(departure from 9403:(landing on the 9385:(encounter with 9328: 9219: 9217: 9216: 9151:Teegarden's Star 9147:i (hypothesized) 8993: 8978: 8976: 8975: 8966: 8964: 8963: 8954: 8952: 8951: 8937: 8935: 8934: 8910: 8908: 8907: 8898: 8896: 8895: 8886: 8884: 8883: 8848:Kamchatka meteor 8833: 8827: 8821: 8781: 8738: 8731: 8724: 8715: 8714: 8691: 8690: 8681: 8680: 8679: 8660:(encounter with 8532: 8477: 8474: 8472: 8471: 8460: 8458: 8457: 8437: 8428:moons of Jupiter 8381:EPIC 211945201 b 8377: 8373:Barnard's Star b 8307: 8292: 8290: 8289: 8285:(163899) 2003 SD 8280: 8278: 8277: 8268: 8266: 8265: 8256: 8254: 8253: 8244: 8242: 8241: 8232: 8230: 8229: 8220: 8218: 8217: 8208: 8206: 8205: 8191: 8189: 8188: 8179: 8177: 8176: 8172:(505657) 2014 SR 8167: 8165: 8164: 8160:(276033) 2002 AJ 8145: 8143: 8142: 8123: 8121: 8120: 8111: 8109: 8108: 8099: 8097: 8096: 8087: 8085: 8084: 8055:Kamchatka meteor 8035: 8029: 8023: 8008:(mission to the 7958:(mission to the 7941: 7898: 7891: 7884: 7875: 7874: 7859:Orbital elements 7823: 7752: 7746:About Arrokoth ( 7739: 7721: 7720: 7718: 7716: 7709:pluto.jhuapl.edu 7701: 7695: 7694: 7692: 7690: 7673: 7667: 7666: 7659:pluto.jhuapl.edu 7651: 7642: 7641: 7639: 7637: 7626:pluto.jhuapl.edu 7618: 7612: 7611: 7609: 7607: 7602:. 4 January 2019 7592: 7586: 7585: 7578:pluto.jhuapl.edu 7570: 7564: 7563: 7561: 7559: 7548:pluto.jhuapl.edu 7540: 7534: 7533: 7531: 7529: 7518:pluto.jhuapl.edu 7510: 7504: 7503: 7501: 7499: 7488:pluto.jhuapl.edu 7480: 7474: 7473: 7471: 7469: 7457: 7448: 7447: 7435: 7429: 7428: 7426: 7424: 7409: 7403: 7402: 7400: 7398: 7383: 7377: 7376: 7373:pluto.jhuapl.edu 7365: 7359: 7358: 7356: 7354: 7343:pluto.jhuapl.edu 7335: 7329: 7328: 7326: 7324: 7313: 7304: 7303: 7287: 7281: 7280: 7278: 7276: 7257: 7251: 7250: 7248: 7246: 7230: 7221: 7220: 7218: 7216: 7205:pluto.jhuapl.edu 7197: 7191: 7190: 7188: 7186: 7171: 7165: 7164: 7162: 7160: 7145: 7136: 7135: 7133: 7131: 7125: 7118: 7107: 7090: 7089: 7087: 7085: 7079: 7068: 7057: 7056: 7046: 7028: 7008: 6997: 6991: 6990: 6988: 6986: 6956: 6950: 6949: 6947: 6945: 6934:pluto.jhuapl.edu 6926: 6917: 6916: 6909:pluto.jhuapl.edu 6901: 6895: 6894: 6892: 6890: 6875: 6866: 6865: 6863: 6861: 6844: 6838: 6837: 6822: 6813: 6812: 6810: 6808: 6792: 6783: 6782: 6775:pluto.jhuapl.edu 6767: 6756: 6755: 6754:on 28 July 2017. 6748:pluto.jhuapl.edu 6740: 6731: 6730: 6728: 6726: 6715: 6709: 6708: 6706: 6704: 6689: 6683: 6682: 6680: 6678: 6655: 6644: 6629: 6628: 6602: 6582: 6576: 6575: 6565: 6554: 6545: 6544: 6532: 6526: 6525: 6507: 6475: 6466: 6465: 6456:(17 June 2014). 6450: 6439: 6438: 6412: 6391: 6385: 6384: 6382: 6380: 6366: 6355: 6354: 6352: 6350: 6335: 6324: 6323: 6321: 6316:("Ultima Thule") 6315: 6303: 6297: 6296: 6294: 6292: 6277: 6266: 6265: 6263: 6261: 6246: 6240: 6239: 6237: 6235: 6224:pluto.jhuapl.edu 6216: 6207: 6206: 6204: 6202: 6187: 6176: 6175: 6149: 6131: 6121: 6108: 6107: 6092: 6079: 6078: 6076: 6074: 6059: 6053: 6052: 6042: 6031: 6022: 6021: 6019: 6013:. Archived from 5982: 5973: 5964: 5963: 5952: 5941: 5940: 5938: 5936: 5917: 5908: 5907: 5905: 5903: 5891: 5885: 5884: 5882: 5880: 5865: 5856: 5855: 5853: 5840: 5825: 5824: 5813: 5807: 5806: 5795: 5789: 5788: 5777: 5771: 5770: 5759: 5753: 5752: 5741: 5735: 5734: 5727: 5721: 5720: 5718: 5716: 5706: 5697: 5691: 5690: 5688: 5677: 5668: 5667: 5665: 5653: 5644: 5643: 5633: 5623: 5618: 5606: 5597: 5596: 5594: 5592: 5577: 5566: 5565: 5563: 5561: 5545: 5539: 5538: 5536: 5534: 5527:pluto.jhuapl.edu 5518: 5509: 5508: 5506: 5495: 5484: 5483: 5478: 5476: 5465:pluto.jhuapl.edu 5457: 5446: 5445: 5443: 5441: 5426: 5415: 5414: 5404: 5386: 5362: 5347: 5346: 5344: 5333: 5327: 5326: 5324: 5318: 5306: 5297: 5296: 5244: 5238: 5237: 5235: 5233: 5222:pluto.jhuapl.edu 5214: 5197: 5196: 5194: 5192: 5176: 5170: 5169: 5143: 5123: 5114: 5113: 5103: 5067: 5058: 5057: 5031: 5011: 5005: 5004: 4962: 4941: 4926: 4925: 4923: 4921: 4906: 4900: 4899: 4897: 4895: 4874: 4868: 4867: 4849: 4834:Nature Astronomy 4829: 4818: 4817: 4815: 4813: 4797: 4791: 4790: 4788: 4786: 4769: 4763: 4762: 4760: 4758: 4742: 4733: 4732: 4686: 4662: 4653: 4652: 4650: 4639: 4630: 4629: 4595: 4575: 4565: 4500: 4499: 4497: 4495: 4480: 4467: 4466: 4460: 4452: 4443: 4442: 4430: 4424: 4423: 4411: 4405: 4404: 4402: 4400: 4393:pluto.jhuapl.edu 4385: 4372: 4371: 4369: 4367: 4350: 4344: 4343: 4333: 4301: 4290: 4289: 4287: 4285: 4270: 4257: 4256: 4236: 4230: 4229: 4217: 4211: 4210: 4199: 4193: 4192: 4186: 4178: 4169: 4168: 4166: 4164: 4147: 4141: 4140: 4135:. Archived from 4122: 4116: 4115: 4100: 4094: 4093: 4091: 4089: 4073: 4056: 4055: 4054:on 27 July 2015. 4053: 4042: 4030: 4024: 4023: 4008: 4002: 4001: 3999: 3997: 3969: 3960: 3959: 3949: 3938: 3929: 3928: 3921:pluto.jhuapl.edu 3917:"About Arrokoth" 3913: 3904: 3903: 3901: 3899: 3888:pluto.jhuapl.edu 3880: 3871: 3870: 3853: 3847: 3846: 3844: 3842: 3836: 3828: 3822: 3821: 3813: 3811: 3809: 3804:. September 2022 3793: 3786: 3780: 3779: 3769: 3751: 3727: 3718: 3717: 3699: 3681: 3672: 3663: 3662: 3644: 3623: 3608: 3607: 3565: 3545: 3526: 3525: 3523: 3518: 3506: 3495: 3494: 3484: 3466: 3442: 3433: 3431: 3430:. 21 March 2019. 3414: 3401: 3400: 3360: 3331: 3330: 3328: 3326: 3311: 3302: 3301: 3299: 3297: 3283: 3274: 3273: 3271: 3269: 3257: 3246: 3245: 3243: 3241: 3226: 3205: 3204: 3202: 3200: 3186: 3164: 3161: 3155: 3142: 3136: 3127: 3121: 3116: 3106: 3102: 3098:Proto-Algonquian 3095: 3091: 3088:'cloud', plural 3087: 3083: 3079: 3070:William Strachey 3066: 3060: 3058: 3049: 3043: 3038: 3033: 3032: 3029: 3028: 3025: 3022: 3019: 3016: 3004: 2999: 2998: 2995: 2994: 2991: 2988: 2985: 2982: 2966: 2957: 2952: 2951: 2948: 2947: 2944: 2941: 2938: 2935: 2922: 2884: 2879: 2878: 2877: 2857: 2848: 2842: 2830: 2818: 2798: 2786: 2774: 2762: 2709: 2665: 2657: 2643: 2596:science outreach 2490: 2478: 2444: 2435: 2426: 2374: 2372: 2371: 2358: 2356: 2355: 2344:, member of the 2315: 2262:bilobate shape. 2222:angular momentum 2161: 2157: 2145:Mass and density 2140: 2136: 2134: 2113: 2107:solar irradiance 2082:the approaching 2039: 2027: 1956: 1955: 1946: 1945: 1901: 1900: 1891: 1890: 1874: 1869: 1860: 1855: 1846: 1841: 1832: 1827: 1818: 1816: 1807: 1802: 1796: 1787: 1777: 1775: 1774: 1766: 1764: 1763: 1749: 1712: 1580: 1560: 1556: 1438:Surface features 1394:geometric albedo 1365: 1345:hydrogen cyanide 1333:hydrogen sulfide 1280: 1244:at 1.2–2.5 1226: 1197: 1188: 1179: 1096: 1009: 1002:Tidewater region 960: 949:Roman literature 942: 936: 928: 896: 885: 873: 857: 855: 854: 846: 844: 843: 762: 706: 704: 697: 695: 688: 634: 633: 623: 621: 610: 609: 608: 596:Geometric albedo 589: 587: 576:North pole 570: 568: 560: 555:North pole 549: 535: 530: 514: 509: 493: 484: 467: 465: 450: 438: 433: 428: 413: 411: 405: 403: 396: 341:0° 0 11.92 / day 175: 171:(486958) 2014 MU 154: 136: 135: 132: 131: 128: 125: 122: 119: 116: 76: 39:Discovery 31: 24: 20: 10510: 10509: 10505: 10504: 10503: 10501: 10500: 10499: 10440:486958 Arrokoth 10425: 10424: 10423: 10418: 10404: 10369: 10309: 10255:Frances Bagenal 10243: 10181: 10165: 10110: 10097: 10089: 10088: 10085: 10077: 10076: 10073: 10065: 10064: 10061: 10053: 10052: 10049: 10038: 10030: 10029: 10026: 10018: 10017: 10014: 10006: 10005: 10002: 9994: 9993: 9990: 9952: 9951: 9948: 9940: 9939: 9936: 9916: 9912:486958 Arrokoth 9878: 9877: 9844: 9837: 9807: 9802: 9776: 9714: 9655: 9607: 9565: 9560: 9530: 9525: 9520:486958 Arrokoth 9510: 9505: 9475: 9470: 9440: 9438: 9430: 9387:486958 Arrokoth 9369: 9318: 9299:moons of Saturn 9214: 9213: 9210: 9199: 9006:Beta Pictoris c 8981: 8973: 8972: 8969: 8961: 8960: 8957: 8949: 8948: 8945: 8932: 8931: 8928: 8924:1620 Geographos 8905: 8904: 8901: 8893: 8892: 8889: 8881: 8880: 8877: 8858: 8834: 8828: 8822: 8813: 8774: 8767: 8764: 8758: 8745: 8742: 8712: 8707: 8677: 8675: 8667: 8662:486958 Arrokoth 8588: 8522: 8491: 8475: 8469: 8468: 8465: 8455: 8454: 8451: 8435: 8412:LSPM J0207+3331 8400: 8375: 8295: 8287: 8286: 8283: 8275: 8274: 8271: 8263: 8262: 8259: 8251: 8250: 8247: 8239: 8238: 8235: 8227: 8226: 8223: 8215: 8214: 8211: 8203: 8202: 8199: 8186: 8185: 8182: 8174: 8173: 8170: 8162: 8161: 8158: 8140: 8139: 8136: 8118: 8117: 8114: 8106: 8105: 8102: 8094: 8093: 8090: 8082: 8081: 8078: 8059: 8036: 8030: 8024: 8015: 7934: 7927: 7924: 7918: 7905: 7902: 7811:486958 Arrokoth 7796:Proper elements 7763:486958 Arrokoth 7751: 7747: 7738: 7734: 7729: 7724: 7714: 7712: 7703: 7702: 7698: 7688: 7686: 7674: 7670: 7653: 7652: 7645: 7635: 7633: 7620: 7619: 7615: 7605: 7603: 7594: 7593: 7589: 7572: 7571: 7567: 7557: 7555: 7542: 7541: 7537: 7527: 7525: 7512: 7511: 7507: 7497: 7495: 7482: 7481: 7477: 7467: 7465: 7458: 7451: 7436: 7432: 7422: 7420: 7410: 7406: 7396: 7394: 7384: 7380: 7367: 7366: 7362: 7352: 7350: 7337: 7336: 7332: 7322: 7320: 7315: 7314: 7307: 7288: 7284: 7274: 7272: 7258: 7254: 7244: 7242: 7231: 7224: 7214: 7212: 7199: 7198: 7194: 7184: 7182: 7173: 7172: 7168: 7158: 7156: 7155:. 2 August 2018 7147: 7146: 7139: 7129: 7127: 7123: 7116: 7108: 7093: 7083: 7081: 7077: 7069: 7060: 7007: 7003: 6998: 6994: 6984: 6982: 6957: 6953: 6943: 6941: 6928: 6927: 6920: 6903: 6902: 6898: 6888: 6886: 6876: 6869: 6859: 6857: 6845: 6841: 6832:. 7 July 2017. 6824: 6823: 6816: 6806: 6804: 6803:on 21 July 2017 6793: 6786: 6769: 6768: 6759: 6742: 6741: 6734: 6724: 6722: 6717: 6716: 6712: 6702: 6700: 6690: 6686: 6676: 6674: 6654: 6650: 6645: 6632: 6583: 6579: 6563: 6555: 6548: 6533: 6529: 6505:10.1038/509407a 6476: 6469: 6451: 6442: 6392: 6388: 6378: 6376: 6367: 6358: 6348: 6346: 6336: 6327: 6319: 6314: 6310: 6304: 6300: 6290: 6288: 6278: 6269: 6259: 6257: 6248: 6247: 6243: 6233: 6231: 6218: 6217: 6210: 6200: 6198: 6188: 6179: 6130: 6126: 6122: 6111: 6093: 6082: 6072: 6070: 6061: 6060: 6056: 6040: 6032: 6025: 6017: 6011: 5980: 5974: 5967: 5953: 5944: 5934: 5932: 5919: 5918: 5911: 5901: 5899: 5892: 5888: 5878: 5876: 5867: 5866: 5859: 5841: 5828: 5815: 5814: 5810: 5797: 5796: 5792: 5779: 5778: 5774: 5761: 5760: 5756: 5743: 5742: 5738: 5729: 5728: 5724: 5714: 5712: 5704: 5698: 5694: 5686: 5678: 5671: 5654: 5647: 5621: 5617: 5613: 5607: 5600: 5590: 5588: 5578: 5569: 5559: 5557: 5546: 5542: 5532: 5530: 5519: 5512: 5504: 5496: 5487: 5474: 5472: 5459: 5458: 5449: 5439: 5437: 5428: 5427: 5418: 5363: 5350: 5342: 5334: 5330: 5322: 5317: 5313: 5307: 5300: 5245: 5241: 5231: 5229: 5216: 5215: 5200: 5190: 5188: 5187:on 17 June 2019 5177: 5173: 5124: 5117: 5075: 5068: 5061: 5012: 5008: 4942: 4929: 4919: 4917: 4907: 4903: 4893: 4891: 4875: 4871: 4830: 4821: 4811: 4809: 4798: 4794: 4784: 4782: 4770: 4766: 4756: 4754: 4743: 4736: 4663: 4656: 4648: 4640: 4633: 4574: 4570: 4566: 4503: 4493: 4491: 4481: 4470: 4458: 4456:"M.P.C. 118222" 4454: 4453: 4446: 4431: 4427: 4412: 4408: 4398: 4396: 4387: 4386: 4375: 4365: 4363: 4351: 4347: 4302: 4293: 4283: 4281: 4271: 4260: 4253: 4237: 4233: 4218: 4214: 4200: 4196: 4184: 4182:"M.P.C. 103886" 4180: 4179: 4172: 4162: 4160: 4149: 4148: 4144: 4123: 4119: 4102: 4101: 4097: 4087: 4085: 4074: 4059: 4051: 4040: 4031: 4027: 4010: 4009: 4005: 3995: 3993: 3991:Springer Nature 3970: 3963: 3947: 3939: 3932: 3915: 3914: 3907: 3897: 3895: 3882: 3881: 3874: 3855: 3854: 3850: 3840: 3838: 3834: 3830: 3829: 3825: 3815: 3807: 3805: 3787: 3783: 3728: 3721: 3680: 3676: 3673: 3666: 3624: 3611: 3546: 3529: 3521: 3517: 3513: 3507: 3498: 3443: 3436: 3416: 3415: 3404: 3361: 3334: 3324: 3322: 3313: 3312: 3305: 3295: 3293: 3284: 3277: 3267: 3265: 3258: 3249: 3239: 3237: 3228: 3227: 3208: 3198: 3196: 3188: 3187: 3176: 3172: 3167: 3162: 3158: 3143: 3139: 3128: 3124: 3114: 3081: 3077: 3067: 3063: 3057: 3053: 3050: 3046: 3036: 3013: 3009: 3002: 2979: 2975: 2964: 2955: 2932: 2928: 2923: 2916: 2912: 2880: 2875: 2873: 2870: 2865: 2864: 2863: 2862: 2861: 2858: 2850: 2849: 2846: 2843: 2835: 2834: 2831: 2823: 2822: 2819: 2811: 2810: 2799: 2791: 2790: 2787: 2779: 2778: 2775: 2767: 2766: 2763: 2754: 2753: 2747: 2704: 2663: 2648: 2637: 2626: 2620: 2583: 2498: 2497: 2496: 2495: 2494: 2491: 2483: 2482: 2479: 2470: 2469: 2463: 2462: 2461: 2460: 2447: 2446: 2445: 2437: 2436: 2428: 2427: 2418: 2417: 2411: 2369: 2368: 2365: 2353: 2352: 2349: 2313: 2279: 2273: 2268: 2212: 2180: 2172: 2159: 2155: 2147: 2138: 2132: 2130: 2111: 2047: 2046: 2045: 2044: 2043: 2040: 2032: 2031: 2028: 2017: 1965:observation arc 1953: 1951: 1943: 1941: 1898: 1896: 1888: 1886: 1879: 1878: 1877: 1876: 1875: 1867: 1866: 1853: 1852: 1839: 1838: 1825: 1824: 1814: 1813: 1800: 1799: 1798: 1794: 1788: 1780: 1779: 1772: 1771: 1768: 1761: 1760: 1757: 1750: 1739: 1710: 1702: 1574: 1573: 1558:Named features 1485:be remnants of 1471:surface gravity 1455: 1440: 1406: 1378:Spectral images 1363: 1349:photoionization 1278: 1273: 1258:absorption band 1224: 1214: 1213: 1212: 1211: 1200: 1199: 1198: 1190: 1189: 1181: 1180: 1169: 1164: 1152:mutually locked 1148:rotational axis 1094: 1067: 986: 915: 895: 891: 886:. Its official 883: 871: 864: 852: 851: 848: 841: 840: 837: 772:located in the 761: 757: 739: 730: 715: 702: 700: 698: 693: 691: 689: 686: 679: 619: 617: 616: 606: 604: 603: 601: 598: 585: 583: 580: 566: 564: 561: 558:right ascension 556: 547: 544: 528: 526: 523: 512: 510: 507: 503: 491: 486: 483:0.235 g/cm 482: 478: 463: 461: 448: 436: 434: 431: 429: 426: 422: 409: 407: 406: 401: 399: 398: 394: 393: 372: 360: 338: 323: 308: 286: 284:Semi-major axis 250:Observation arc 232:27 April 2019 ( 217: 196: 187: 174: 170: 164: 143: 113: 109: 98: 72: 62: 34: 22:486958 Arrokoth 17: 12: 11: 5: 10508: 10498: 10497: 10492: 10487: 10482: 10477: 10472: 10467: 10462: 10457: 10452: 10447: 10442: 10437: 10420: 10419: 10409: 10406: 10405: 10403: 10402: 10395: 10392:New Horizons 2 10388: 10383: 10377: 10375: 10371: 10370: 10368: 10367: 10362: 10352: 10342: 10332: 10329:launch vehicle 10321: 10319: 10315: 10314: 10311: 10310: 10308: 10307: 10302: 10297: 10295:Mark Showalter 10292: 10290:Daniel Sarokon 10287: 10282: 10277: 10272: 10267: 10262: 10260:Richard Binzel 10257: 10251: 10249: 10245: 10244: 10242: 10241: 10236: 10231: 10226: 10221: 10216: 10211: 10209:Ball Aerospace 10206: 10200: 10198: 10191: 10187: 10186: 10183: 10182: 10180: 10179: 10173: 10171: 10167: 10166: 10164: 10163: 10158: 10153: 10148: 10143: 10138: 10133: 10127: 10125: 10116: 10112: 10111: 10104: 10102: 10099: 10098: 10096: 10095: 10083: 10071: 10059: 10046: 10044: 10040: 10039: 10037: 10036: 10024: 10012: 10000: 9988: 9983: 9978: 9973: 9968: 9963: 9958: 9946: 9934: 9924: 9922: 9918: 9917: 9915: 9914: 9909: 9904: 9899: 9893: 9891: 9884: 9880: 9879: 9876: 9875: 9870: 9861: 9856: 9850: 9849: 9846: 9845: 9836: 9835: 9828: 9821: 9813: 9804: 9803: 9801: 9800: 9795: 9790: 9784: 9782: 9778: 9777: 9775: 9774: 9769: 9764: 9762:Near-parabolic 9759: 9754: 9749: 9744: 9739: 9734: 9728: 9726: 9720: 9719: 9716: 9715: 9713: 9712: 9711: 9710: 9708:Scattered disc 9705: 9700: 9695: 9685: 9680: 9679: 9678: 9676:Neptune trojan 9673: 9665: 9663: 9657: 9656: 9654: 9653: 9651:Spectral types 9648: 9643: 9641:Jupiter trojan 9638: 9633: 9628: 9623: 9617: 9615: 9609: 9608: 9606: 9605: 9600: 9595: 9590: 9585: 9579: 9573: 9567: 9566: 9559: 9558: 9551: 9544: 9536: 9527: 9526: 9524: 9523: 9515: 9512: 9511: 9504: 9503: 9496: 9489: 9481: 9472: 9471: 9469: 9468: 9448: 9435: 9432: 9431: 9429: 9428: 9416: 9408: 9390: 9377: 9375: 9371: 9370: 9368: 9367: 9362: 9357: 9352: 9347: 9342: 9337: 9331: 9329: 9320: 9319: 9317: 9316: 9311: 9301: 9295: 9290: 9285: 9283:PSR J0740+6620 9280: 9277:PSR J0030+0451 9274: 9268: 9262: 9257: 9251: 9245: 9240: 9238:EPIC 204376071 9235: 9230: 9225: 9220: 9207: 9205: 9201: 9200: 9198: 9197: 9196: 9195: 9192: 9184: 9183: 9182: 9179: 9176: 9173: 9165: 9164: 9163: 9158: 9148: 9142: 9141: 9140: 9137: 9129: 9124: 9119: 9118: 9117: 9114: 9106: 9100: 9094: 9093: 9092: 9089: 9086: 9078: 9073: 9067: 9062: 9056: 9050: 9044: 9038: 9037: 9036: 9033: 9025: 9020: 9014: 9008: 9003: 8996: 8994: 8983: 8982: 8980: 8979: 8967: 8955: 8943: 8941:2100 Ra-Shalom 8938: 8926: 8921: 8916: 8911: 8899: 8887: 8875: 8869: 8867: 8860: 8859: 8857: 8856: 8851: 8844: 8842: 8836: 8835: 8816: 8814: 8812: 8811: 8797: 8791: 8784: 8782: 8769: 8768: 8766: 8765: 8759: 8753: 8750: 8747: 8746: 8741: 8740: 8733: 8726: 8718: 8709: 8708: 8706: 8705: 8685: 8672: 8669: 8668: 8666: 8665: 8653: 8645: 8635: 8626: 8618: 8609: 8596: 8594: 8590: 8589: 8587: 8586: 8581: 8576: 8571: 8566: 8561: 8556: 8551: 8546: 8541: 8535: 8533: 8524: 8523: 8521: 8520: 8514: 8513:(Nova Carinae) 8508: 8501: 8499: 8493: 8492: 8490: 8489: 8484: 8479: 8462: 8448: 8443: 8438: 8430: 8424: 8419: 8414: 8408: 8406: 8402: 8401: 8399: 8398: 8393: 8388: 8383: 8378: 8370: 8365: 8360: 8355: 8350: 8345: 8340: 8335: 8330: 8325: 8323:Kepler-1625b I 8316: 8310: 8308: 8297: 8296: 8294: 8293: 8281: 8269: 8257: 8245: 8233: 8221: 8209: 8197: 8192: 8180: 8168: 8156: 8151: 8146: 8134: 8129: 8124: 8112: 8100: 8088: 8076: 8070: 8068: 8061: 8060: 8058: 8057: 8052: 8046: 8044: 8038: 8037: 8018: 8016: 8014: 8013: 7999: 7987: 7979: 7963: 7951: 7944: 7942: 7929: 7928: 7926: 7925: 7919: 7913: 7910: 7907: 7906: 7901: 7900: 7893: 7886: 7878: 7872: 7871: 7870: 7869: 7827:Close approach 7808: 7807: 7806: 7760: 7755: 7749: 7743: 7736: 7728: 7727:External links 7725: 7723: 7722: 7696: 7668: 7643: 7613: 7587: 7565: 7535: 7505: 7475: 7449: 7430: 7404: 7378: 7360: 7330: 7305: 7282: 7252: 7222: 7192: 7166: 7137: 7091: 7058: 7005: 6992: 6951: 6918: 6896: 6867: 6839: 6814: 6784: 6757: 6732: 6710: 6684: 6660:SOFIA Proposal 6652: 6630: 6577: 6546: 6541:blogs.nasa.gov 6527: 6467: 6440: 6386: 6356: 6325: 6312: 6298: 6267: 6241: 6208: 6177: 6128: 6109: 6080: 6054: 6023: 6009: 5965: 5942: 5909: 5886: 5857: 5826: 5808: 5790: 5772: 5754: 5736: 5722: 5692: 5669: 5645: 5615: 5598: 5567: 5540: 5510: 5485: 5447: 5416: 5348: 5328: 5315: 5298: 5239: 5198: 5171: 5115: 5073: 5059: 5006: 4927: 4901: 4869: 4840:(2): 139–144. 4819: 4792: 4764: 4734: 4654: 4631: 4572: 4501: 4468: 4444: 4435:"*aᐧlaxkwatwi" 4425: 4406: 4373: 4345: 4291: 4258: 4251: 4231: 4212: 4194: 4170: 4142: 4117: 4095: 4057: 4025: 4022:. 1 July 2014. 4003: 3961: 3930: 3905: 3872: 3848: 3823: 3781: 3719: 3678: 3664: 3609: 3527: 3515: 3496: 3434: 3402: 3332: 3303: 3275: 3247: 3206: 3173: 3171: 3168: 3166: 3165: 3156: 3154:uncertainties. 3137: 3122: 3061: 3055: 3044: 2913: 2911: 2908: 2907: 2906: 2901: 2892: 2886: 2885: 2869: 2866: 2859: 2852: 2851: 2845:5:27 UT, 2844: 2837: 2836: 2832: 2825: 2824: 2820: 2813: 2812: 2800: 2793: 2792: 2788: 2781: 2780: 2776: 2769: 2768: 2764: 2757: 2756: 2755: 2751: 2750: 2749: 2748: 2746: 2743: 2619: 2616: 2582: 2579: 2492: 2485: 2484: 2480: 2473: 2472: 2471: 2467: 2466: 2465: 2464: 2449: 2448: 2439: 2438: 2430: 2429: 2421: 2420: 2419: 2415: 2414: 2413: 2412: 2410: 2407: 2272: 2269: 2267: 2264: 2211: 2208: 2178: 2171: 2168: 2156:0.29 g/cm 2146: 2143: 2116:subsolar point 2041: 2034: 2033: 2029: 2022: 2021: 2020: 2019: 2018: 2016: 2013: 1950: km; 4.02 1925:. (Arrokoth's 1895: km; 4.15 1789: 1782: 1781: 1752:The orbits of 1751: 1744: 1743: 1742: 1741: 1740: 1738: 1735: 1701: 1698: 1695: 1694: 1691: 1684: 1681: 1677: 1676: 1673: 1659: 1656: 1649: 1648: 1645: 1644:word for 'sky' 1632: 1629: 1625: 1624: 1623:11 April 2022 1621: 1620:word for 'sky' 1610: 1607: 1603: 1602: 1601:11 April 2022 1599: 1589: 1586: 1582: 1581: 1570: 1567: 1564: 1439: 1436: 1415:orbital speeds 1405: 1402: 1276: 1270:macromolecules 1235:spectral slope 1202: 1201: 1192: 1191: 1183: 1182: 1174: 1173: 1172: 1171: 1170: 1168: 1165: 1163: 1160: 1066: 1063: 985: 982: 914: 911: 893: 863: 860: 800:orbital period 792:contact binary 759: 745: 744: 741: 740: 733: 731: 723: 720: 719: 716: 711: 708: 707: 680: 675: 672: 671: 668: 667: 664: 661: 655: 651: 650: 647: 644: 641: 630: 629: 599: 594: 591: 590: 581: 575: 572: 571: 562: 554: 551: 550: 545: 540: 537: 536: 524: 519: 516: 515: 513:0.001 m/s 504: 498: 495: 494: 479: 473: 470: 469: 458: 452: 451: 446: 440: 439: 423: 418: 415: 414: 390: 384: 383: 377: 376: 373: 368: 365: 364: 361: 356: 353: 352: 349: 343: 342: 339: 334: 331: 330: 324: 319: 316: 315: 309: 304: 301: 300: 297: 291: 290: 287: 282: 279: 278: 275: 269: 268: 262: 256: 255: 252: 246: 245: 238: 237: 226: 225: 219: 218: 216: 215: 210: 205: 199: 197: 192: 189: 188: 186: 185: 182: 179: 176: 172: 167: 165: 160: 157: 156: 144: 141: 138: 137: 107: 103: 102: 99: 94: 91: 90: 86: 85: 82: 78: 77: 70: 64: 63: 61: 60: 55: 49: 47: 41: 40: 36: 35: 32: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10507: 10496: 10493: 10491: 10488: 10486: 10483: 10481: 10478: 10476: 10473: 10471: 10468: 10466: 10463: 10461: 10458: 10456: 10453: 10451: 10448: 10446: 10443: 10441: 10438: 10436: 10433: 10432: 10430: 10417: 10407: 10401: 10400: 10396: 10394: 10393: 10389: 10387: 10384: 10382: 10379: 10378: 10376: 10372: 10366: 10363: 10356: 10353: 10346: 10343: 10336: 10333: 10326: 10323: 10322: 10320: 10316: 10306: 10303: 10301: 10298: 10296: 10293: 10291: 10288: 10286: 10283: 10281: 10278: 10276: 10275:Lisa Hardaway 10273: 10271: 10268: 10266: 10263: 10261: 10258: 10256: 10253: 10252: 10250: 10246: 10240: 10237: 10235: 10232: 10230: 10227: 10225: 10222: 10220: 10217: 10215: 10212: 10210: 10207: 10205: 10202: 10201: 10199: 10195: 10192: 10188: 10178: 10175: 10174: 10172: 10168: 10162: 10159: 10157: 10154: 10152: 10149: 10147: 10144: 10142: 10139: 10137: 10134: 10132: 10129: 10128: 10126: 10124: 10120: 10117: 10113: 10108: 10093: 10084: 10081: 10072: 10069: 10060: 10057: 10048: 10047: 10045: 10041: 10034: 10025: 10022: 10013: 10010: 10001: 9998: 9989: 9987: 9984: 9982: 9979: 9977: 9974: 9972: 9969: 9967: 9964: 9962: 9959: 9956: 9947: 9944: 9935: 9933: 9929: 9926: 9925: 9923: 9919: 9913: 9910: 9908: 9905: 9903: 9900: 9898: 9895: 9894: 9892: 9888: 9885: 9881: 9874: 9871: 9869: 9867: 9862: 9860: 9857: 9855: 9852: 9851: 9847: 9843: 9842: 9834: 9829: 9827: 9822: 9820: 9815: 9814: 9811: 9799: 9796: 9794: 9791: 9789: 9786: 9785: 9783: 9779: 9773: 9770: 9768: 9765: 9763: 9760: 9758: 9755: 9753: 9750: 9748: 9745: 9743: 9740: 9738: 9735: 9733: 9730: 9729: 9727: 9725: 9721: 9709: 9706: 9704: 9701: 9699: 9696: 9694: 9691: 9690: 9689: 9686: 9684: 9681: 9677: 9674: 9672: 9669: 9668: 9667: 9666: 9664: 9662: 9658: 9652: 9649: 9647: 9644: 9642: 9639: 9637: 9634: 9632: 9631:Asteroid belt 9629: 9627: 9626:Aten asteroid 9624: 9622: 9619: 9618: 9616: 9614: 9610: 9604: 9601: 9599: 9596: 9594: 9591: 9589: 9586: 9584: 9581: 9580: 9577: 9574: 9572: 9571:Minor planets 9568: 9564: 9557: 9552: 9550: 9545: 9543: 9538: 9537: 9534: 9522: 9521: 9517: 9516: 9513: 9509: 9502: 9497: 9495: 9490: 9488: 9483: 9482: 9479: 9467: 9463: 9462: 9457: 9449: 9447: 9437: 9436: 9433: 9426: 9422: 9421: 9417: 9414: 9413: 9409: 9406: 9402: 9401: 9396: 9395: 9391: 9388: 9384: 9383: 9379: 9378: 9376: 9372: 9366: 9365:289P/Blanpain 9363: 9361: 9358: 9356: 9353: 9351: 9348: 9346: 9343: 9341: 9338: 9336: 9333: 9332: 9330: 9327: 9321: 9315: 9314:WD J0914+1914 9312: 9309: 9306:detection of 9305: 9302: 9300: 9296: 9294: 9291: 9289: 9286: 9284: 9281: 9278: 9275: 9272: 9269: 9266: 9263: 9261: 9258: 9255: 9252: 9249: 9246: 9244: 9241: 9239: 9236: 9234: 9231: 9229: 9226: 9224: 9221: 9218: 9209: 9208: 9206: 9202: 9193: 9190: 9189: 9188: 9185: 9180: 9177: 9174: 9171: 9170: 9169: 9166: 9162: 9159: 9157: 9154: 9153: 9152: 9149: 9146: 9143: 9138: 9135: 9134: 9133: 9130: 9128: 9125: 9123: 9120: 9115: 9112: 9111: 9110: 9109:Luyten's Star 9107: 9104: 9101: 9098: 9095: 9090: 9087: 9084: 9083: 9082: 9079: 9077: 9074: 9071: 9068: 9066: 9063: 9060: 9057: 9054: 9051: 9048: 9045: 9042: 9039: 9034: 9031: 9030: 9029: 9026: 9024: 9021: 9018: 9015: 9012: 9009: 9007: 9004: 9001: 8998: 8997: 8995: 8992: 8988: 8984: 8977: 8968: 8965: 8956: 8953: 8944: 8942: 8939: 8936: 8927: 8925: 8922: 8920: 8917: 8915: 8912: 8909: 8900: 8897: 8888: 8885: 8876: 8874: 8871: 8870: 8868: 8866: 8861: 8855: 8852: 8849: 8846: 8845: 8843: 8841: 8840:Impact events 8837: 8832: 8826: 8820: 8809: 8805: 8801: 8800:Chandrayaan-2 8798: 8795: 8792: 8789: 8786: 8785: 8783: 8780: 8776: 8770: 8762: 8757: 8752: 8751: 8748: 8744:2019 in space 8739: 8734: 8732: 8727: 8725: 8720: 8719: 8716: 8704: 8700: 8699: 8694: 8686: 8684: 8674: 8673: 8670: 8663: 8659: 8658: 8654: 8651: 8650: 8646: 8643: 8639: 8636: 8633: 8631: 8627: 8624: 8623: 8619: 8616: 8614: 8610: 8607: 8603: 8602: 8598: 8597: 8595: 8591: 8585: 8582: 8580: 8577: 8575: 8572: 8570: 8567: 8565: 8562: 8560: 8557: 8555: 8552: 8550: 8547: 8545: 8542: 8540: 8537: 8536: 8534: 8531: 8525: 8519:(Nova Persei) 8518: 8515: 8512: 8509: 8507:(Nova Muscae) 8506: 8503: 8502: 8500: 8498: 8494: 8488: 8485: 8483: 8480: 8473: 8463: 8459: 8449: 8447: 8444: 8442: 8439: 8434: 8431: 8429: 8425: 8423: 8420: 8418: 8415: 8413: 8410: 8409: 8407: 8403: 8397: 8394: 8392: 8389: 8387: 8384: 8382: 8379: 8374: 8371: 8369: 8366: 8364: 8361: 8359: 8356: 8354: 8351: 8349: 8346: 8344: 8341: 8339: 8336: 8334: 8331: 8329: 8326: 8324: 8321: 8317: 8315: 8314:Gliese 1132 c 8312: 8311: 8309: 8306: 8302: 8298: 8291: 8282: 8279: 8270: 8267: 8258: 8255: 8246: 8243: 8234: 8231: 8222: 8219: 8210: 8207: 8198: 8196: 8193: 8190: 8181: 8178: 8169: 8166: 8157: 8155: 8152: 8150: 8147: 8144: 8135: 8133: 8130: 8128: 8125: 8122: 8113: 8110: 8101: 8098: 8089: 8086: 8077: 8075: 8072: 8071: 8069: 8067: 8062: 8056: 8053: 8051: 8048: 8047: 8045: 8043: 8042:Impact events 8039: 8034: 8028: 8022: 8011: 8007: 8003: 8000: 7997: 7993: 7992: 7988: 7985: 7984: 7980: 7977: 7973: 7972:Mars Cube One 7969: 7968: 7964: 7961: 7957: 7956: 7952: 7949: 7946: 7945: 7943: 7940: 7936: 7930: 7922: 7917: 7912: 7911: 7908: 7904:2018 in space 7899: 7894: 7892: 7887: 7885: 7880: 7879: 7876: 7868: 7864: 7860: 7856: 7852: 7851:Orbit diagram 7848: 7844: 7840: 7836: 7832: 7828: 7825: 7824: 7822: 7818: 7817: 7812: 7809: 7805: 7801: 7797: 7793: 7789: 7785: 7781: 7777: 7773: 7770: 7769: 7768: 7764: 7761: 7759: 7756: 7754: 7744: 7741: 7731: 7730: 7710: 7706: 7700: 7685: 7684: 7679: 7672: 7664: 7660: 7656: 7650: 7648: 7631: 7627: 7623: 7617: 7601: 7597: 7591: 7583: 7579: 7575: 7569: 7553: 7549: 7545: 7539: 7523: 7519: 7515: 7509: 7493: 7489: 7485: 7479: 7463: 7456: 7454: 7445: 7441: 7434: 7419: 7415: 7408: 7393: 7389: 7382: 7374: 7370: 7364: 7348: 7344: 7340: 7334: 7318: 7312: 7310: 7301: 7297: 7293: 7286: 7271: 7267: 7263: 7256: 7240: 7236: 7229: 7227: 7210: 7206: 7202: 7196: 7180: 7176: 7170: 7154: 7150: 7144: 7142: 7122: 7115: 7114: 7106: 7104: 7102: 7100: 7098: 7096: 7076: 7075: 7067: 7065: 7063: 7054: 7050: 7045: 7040: 7036: 7032: 7027: 7022: 7018: 7014: 7010: 6996: 6980: 6976: 6972: 6968: 6964: 6963: 6955: 6939: 6935: 6931: 6925: 6923: 6914: 6910: 6906: 6900: 6884: 6880: 6874: 6872: 6856: 6855: 6850: 6843: 6835: 6831: 6827: 6821: 6819: 6802: 6798: 6791: 6789: 6780: 6776: 6772: 6766: 6764: 6762: 6753: 6749: 6745: 6744:"KBO Chasers" 6739: 6737: 6720: 6714: 6699: 6695: 6688: 6673: 6669: 6665: 6661: 6657: 6643: 6641: 6639: 6637: 6635: 6626: 6622: 6618: 6614: 6610: 6606: 6601: 6596: 6592: 6588: 6581: 6573: 6569: 6562: 6561: 6553: 6551: 6542: 6538: 6531: 6523: 6519: 6515: 6511: 6506: 6501: 6497: 6493: 6489: 6485: 6481: 6474: 6472: 6463: 6459: 6455: 6449: 6447: 6445: 6436: 6432: 6428: 6424: 6420: 6416: 6411: 6406: 6402: 6398: 6390: 6374: 6373: 6365: 6363: 6361: 6345: 6341: 6334: 6332: 6330: 6318: 6317: 6302: 6287: 6283: 6276: 6274: 6272: 6255: 6251: 6245: 6229: 6225: 6221: 6215: 6213: 6196: 6192: 6186: 6184: 6182: 6173: 6169: 6165: 6161: 6157: 6153: 6148: 6143: 6139: 6135: 6120: 6118: 6116: 6114: 6105: 6101: 6097: 6091: 6089: 6087: 6085: 6068: 6064: 6058: 6050: 6046: 6039: 6038: 6030: 6028: 6016: 6012: 6010:3-540-26056-0 6006: 6002: 5998: 5994: 5990: 5986: 5979: 5972: 5970: 5961: 5957: 5951: 5949: 5947: 5930: 5926: 5922: 5916: 5914: 5897: 5890: 5874: 5870: 5864: 5862: 5852: 5847: 5839: 5837: 5835: 5833: 5831: 5822: 5818: 5812: 5804: 5800: 5794: 5786: 5782: 5781:"Akasa Linea" 5776: 5768: 5764: 5763:"Weeyo Lobus" 5758: 5750: 5746: 5740: 5732: 5726: 5710: 5703: 5696: 5685: 5684: 5676: 5674: 5664: 5659: 5652: 5650: 5641: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5620: 5619: 5605: 5603: 5587: 5583: 5576: 5574: 5572: 5555: 5551: 5544: 5528: 5524: 5517: 5515: 5503: 5502: 5494: 5492: 5490: 5482: 5470: 5466: 5462: 5456: 5454: 5452: 5435: 5431: 5425: 5423: 5421: 5412: 5408: 5403: 5398: 5394: 5390: 5385: 5380: 5376: 5372: 5368: 5361: 5359: 5357: 5355: 5353: 5341: 5340: 5332: 5321: 5320: 5305: 5303: 5294: 5290: 5286: 5282: 5278: 5274: 5270: 5266: 5262: 5258: 5254: 5250: 5243: 5227: 5223: 5219: 5213: 5211: 5209: 5207: 5205: 5203: 5186: 5182: 5175: 5167: 5163: 5159: 5155: 5151: 5147: 5142: 5137: 5133: 5129: 5122: 5120: 5111: 5107: 5102: 5097: 5093: 5089: 5085: 5081: 5077: 5066: 5064: 5055: 5051: 5047: 5043: 5039: 5035: 5030: 5025: 5021: 5017: 5010: 5002: 4998: 4994: 4990: 4986: 4982: 4978: 4974: 4970: 4966: 4961: 4956: 4952: 4948: 4940: 4938: 4936: 4934: 4932: 4916: 4912: 4905: 4890: 4886: 4885: 4880: 4873: 4865: 4861: 4857: 4853: 4848: 4843: 4839: 4835: 4828: 4826: 4824: 4807: 4803: 4796: 4781: 4780: 4775: 4768: 4752: 4748: 4741: 4739: 4730: 4726: 4722: 4718: 4714: 4710: 4706: 4702: 4698: 4694: 4690: 4685: 4680: 4676: 4672: 4668: 4661: 4659: 4647: 4646: 4638: 4636: 4627: 4623: 4619: 4615: 4611: 4607: 4603: 4599: 4594: 4589: 4585: 4581: 4580: 4564: 4562: 4560: 4558: 4556: 4554: 4552: 4550: 4548: 4546: 4544: 4542: 4540: 4538: 4536: 4534: 4532: 4530: 4528: 4526: 4524: 4522: 4520: 4518: 4516: 4514: 4512: 4510: 4508: 4506: 4490: 4486: 4479: 4477: 4475: 4473: 4464: 4457: 4451: 4449: 4440: 4436: 4429: 4421: 4417: 4410: 4394: 4390: 4384: 4382: 4380: 4378: 4362: 4361: 4356: 4349: 4341: 4337: 4332: 4327: 4323: 4319: 4315: 4311: 4307: 4300: 4298: 4296: 4280: 4276: 4269: 4267: 4265: 4263: 4254: 4252:9781845415235 4248: 4244: 4243: 4235: 4227: 4223: 4216: 4209: 4205: 4198: 4190: 4183: 4177: 4175: 4158: 4157: 4152: 4146: 4138: 4134: 4133: 4128: 4121: 4113: 4109: 4105: 4099: 4083: 4079: 4072: 4070: 4068: 4066: 4064: 4062: 4050: 4046: 4039: 4035: 4034:Buie, Marc W. 4029: 4021: 4017: 4013: 4007: 3992: 3988: 3987: 3982: 3978: 3977:Throop, Henry 3974: 3973:Lauer, Tod R. 3968: 3966: 3957: 3953: 3946: 3945: 3937: 3935: 3926: 3922: 3918: 3912: 3910: 3893: 3889: 3885: 3879: 3877: 3868: 3864: 3863: 3858: 3852: 3833: 3827: 3819: 3803: 3799: 3798: 3792: 3785: 3777: 3773: 3768: 3763: 3759: 3755: 3750: 3745: 3741: 3737: 3733: 3726: 3724: 3715: 3711: 3707: 3703: 3698: 3693: 3689: 3685: 3671: 3669: 3660: 3656: 3652: 3648: 3643: 3638: 3634: 3630: 3622: 3620: 3618: 3616: 3614: 3605: 3601: 3597: 3593: 3589: 3585: 3581: 3577: 3573: 3569: 3564: 3559: 3555: 3551: 3544: 3542: 3540: 3538: 3536: 3534: 3532: 3520: 3519: 3505: 3503: 3501: 3492: 3488: 3483: 3478: 3474: 3470: 3465: 3460: 3456: 3452: 3448: 3441: 3439: 3429: 3425: 3424: 3419: 3413: 3411: 3409: 3407: 3398: 3394: 3390: 3386: 3382: 3378: 3374: 3370: 3366: 3359: 3357: 3355: 3353: 3351: 3349: 3347: 3345: 3343: 3341: 3339: 3337: 3320: 3316: 3310: 3308: 3291: 3288: 3287:Buie, Marc W. 3282: 3280: 3263: 3256: 3254: 3252: 3235: 3231: 3225: 3223: 3221: 3219: 3217: 3215: 3213: 3211: 3195: 3191: 3185: 3183: 3181: 3179: 3174: 3160: 3152: 3147: 3141: 3134: 3133: 3126: 3119: 3118: 3110: 3099: 3090:/aːrahkwatas/ 3075: 3071: 3065: 3048: 3041: 3040: 3031: 3007: 3006: 2997: 2973: 2969: 2968: 2960: 2959: 2950: 2926: 2921: 2919: 2914: 2905: 2902: 2900: 2896: 2893: 2891: 2888: 2887: 2883: 2872: 2856: 2841: 2829: 2817: 2808: 2804: 2797: 2785: 2773: 2761: 2742: 2740: 2735: 2731: 2729: 2723: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2708: 2702: 2697: 2692: 2689: 2685: 2677: 2672: 2662: 2641: 2635: 2630: 2625: 2615: 2613: 2610: 2604: 2601: 2597: 2587: 2578: 2576: 2571: 2568: 2564: 2560: 2555: 2553: 2548: 2544: 2539: 2534: 2532: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2514: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2489: 2477: 2457: 2453: 2443: 2434: 2425: 2406: 2403: 2402: 2397: 2393: 2389: 2384: 2382: 2378: 2373: 2362: 2357: 2347: 2343: 2339: 2335: 2330: 2328: 2324: 2320: 2312: 2308: 2304: 2300: 2292: 2288: 2283: 2278: 2263: 2260: 2256: 2255:impact events 2251: 2249: 2244: 2243:walking speed 2238: 2235: 2231: 2226: 2223: 2218: 2207: 2204: 2198: 2196: 2192: 2187: 2176: 2167: 2165: 2152: 2142: 2128: 2125: 2121: 2118:of Arrokoth. 2117: 2108: 2103: 2101: 2097: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2080: 2075: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2060: 2056: 2052: 2049:Results from 2038: 2026: 2012: 2010: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1994: 1990: 1986: 1982: 1977: 1975: 1970: 1966: 1961: 1959: 1949: 1939: 1934: 1932: 1928: 1924: 1920: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1894: 1884: 1873: 1864: 1859: 1850: 1845: 1836: 1831: 1822: 1811: 1806: 1793: 1790:Animation of 1786: 1776: 1765: 1755: 1748: 1734: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1723:radionuclides 1720: 1716: 1711:0.5 g/cm 1707: 1692: 1689: 1685: 1682: 1679: 1678: 1674: 1671: 1667: 1663: 1660: 1657: 1655: 1651: 1650: 1646: 1643: 1639: 1636: 1633: 1630: 1627: 1626: 1622: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1608: 1605: 1604: 1600: 1597: 1593: 1590: 1587: 1584: 1583: 1578: 1572:Name approved 1571: 1568: 1565: 1561: 1555: 1553: 1548: 1545: 1540: 1536: 1530: 1528: 1524: 1518: 1516: 1515: 1510: 1506: 1505:scarp retreat 1502: 1501: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1483: 1479: 1474: 1472: 1468: 1464: 1460: 1450: 1445: 1435: 1433: 1428: 1423: 1421: 1416: 1412: 1411:impact events 1401: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1374: 1372: 1368: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1319:compounds by 1318: 1314: 1310: 1306: 1302: 1298: 1294: 1289: 1287: 1284: 1279: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1240: 1236: 1232: 1229: 1223: 1219: 1209: 1205: 1196: 1187: 1178: 1159: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1144: 1142: 1138: 1133: 1129: 1124: 1120: 1117:Prior to the 1115: 1111: 1108: 1104: 1097: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1076: 1071: 1062: 1060: 1056: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1036: 1032: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1011: 1008: 1003: 999: 990: 981: 979: 975: 970: 968: 964: 959: 954: 950: 946: 945:ancient Greek 941: 932: 931:Ancient Greek 927: 926: 920: 910: 908: 904: 900: 889: 881: 877: 869: 859: 856: 845: 835: 831: 827: 825: 820: 815: 813: 809: 805: 801: 797: 796:planetesimals 793: 789: 788: 783: 779: 775: 771: 767: 763: 755: 751: 742: 737: 732: 729: 728: 721: 717: 714: 709: 684: 681: 678: 677:Spectral type 673: 665: 662: 660: 656: 653: 652: 648: 645: 642: 640: 636: 635: 631: 627: 614: 600: 597: 592: 582: 579: 573: 563: 559: 552: 546: 543: 538: 534: 525: 522: 517: 508:0.0001 g 505: 502: 496: 489: 480: 477: 471: 459: 457: 453: 447: 445: 441: 437:12.79 km 432:15.86 km 427:18.26 km 424: 421: 420:Mean diameter 416: 391: 389: 385: 382: 378: 374: 371: 366: 362: 359: 354: 350: 348: 344: 340: 337: 332: 329: 325: 322: 317: 314: 310: 307: 302: 298: 296: 292: 288: 285: 280: 276: 274: 270: 267: 263: 261: 257: 253: 251: 247: 243: 239: 235: 231: 227: 224: 220: 214: 211: 209: 206: 204: 201: 200: 198: 195: 190: 183: 180: 177: 169: 168: 166: 163: 158: 153: 148: 145: 139: 134: 108: 106:Pronunciation 104: 100: 97: 92: 87: 83: 79: 75: 71: 69: 65: 59: 56: 54: 51: 50: 48: 46: 42: 37: 30: 25: 19: 10485:New Horizons 10397: 10390: 10265:Alice Bowman 10197:Institutions 9921:Observations 9911: 9866:New Horizons 9865: 9841:New Horizons 9839: 9798:Space debris 9518: 9459: 9425:162173 Ryugu 9418: 9410: 9398: 9392: 9386: 9382:New Horizons 9380: 9023:Gliese 357 d 8914:66391 Moshup 8696: 8661: 8657:New Horizons 8655: 8647: 8629: 8620: 8612: 8599: 8584:46P/Wirtanen 8511:V906 Carinae 8476:first imaged 7994:(mission to 7989: 7981: 7974:(mission to 7965: 7953: 7862: 7854: 7846: 7838: 7830: 7814: 7799: 7791: 7788:Orbital info 7783: 7775: 7766: 7713:. Retrieved 7708: 7699: 7687:. Retrieved 7681: 7671: 7658: 7634:. Retrieved 7625: 7616: 7604:. Retrieved 7600:Sci-News.com 7599: 7590: 7577: 7568: 7556:. Retrieved 7547: 7538: 7526:. Retrieved 7517: 7508: 7496:. Retrieved 7487: 7478: 7466:. Retrieved 7443: 7433: 7421:. Retrieved 7417: 7407: 7395:. Retrieved 7391: 7381: 7372: 7363: 7351:. Retrieved 7342: 7333: 7321:. Retrieved 7291: 7285: 7273:. Retrieved 7265: 7255: 7245:21 September 7243:. Retrieved 7239:the original 7213:. Retrieved 7204: 7195: 7183:. Retrieved 7179:the original 7169: 7157:. Retrieved 7152: 7128:. Retrieved 7121:the original 7112: 7082:. Retrieved 7073: 7016: 7012: 6995: 6983:. Retrieved 6979:the original 6961: 6954: 6942:. Retrieved 6933: 6908: 6899: 6887:. Retrieved 6858:. Retrieved 6852: 6842: 6829: 6805:. Retrieved 6801:the original 6774: 6752:the original 6747: 6723:. Retrieved 6713: 6701:. Retrieved 6697: 6687: 6675:. Retrieved 6663: 6659: 6590: 6586: 6580: 6559: 6540: 6530: 6487: 6483: 6400: 6396: 6389: 6377:. Retrieved 6371: 6347:. Retrieved 6343: 6308: 6301: 6289:. Retrieved 6285: 6258:. Retrieved 6253: 6244: 6232:. Retrieved 6223: 6199:. Retrieved 6137: 6133: 6071:. Retrieved 6066: 6057: 6036: 6015:the original 5984: 5933:. Retrieved 5925:The Sky Live 5924: 5900:. Retrieved 5889: 5877:. Retrieved 5872: 5820: 5811: 5802: 5793: 5784: 5775: 5766: 5757: 5748: 5745:"Wenu Lobus" 5739: 5725: 5713:. Retrieved 5708: 5695: 5682: 5611: 5589:. Retrieved 5585: 5558:. Retrieved 5554:Science News 5553: 5543: 5531:. Retrieved 5526: 5500: 5480: 5473:. Retrieved 5464: 5438:. Retrieved 5433: 5374: 5370: 5338: 5331: 5311: 5252: 5248: 5242: 5230:. Retrieved 5221: 5189:. Retrieved 5185:the original 5174: 5131: 5127: 5083: 5079: 5072:"Effect of H 5019: 5015: 5009: 4950: 4946: 4918:. Retrieved 4914: 4904: 4892:. Retrieved 4884:Science News 4882: 4872: 4837: 4833: 4810:. Retrieved 4806:the original 4795: 4783:. Retrieved 4777: 4767: 4755:. Retrieved 4751:the original 4674: 4670: 4644: 4583: 4577: 4492:. 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Retrieved 3159: 3151:New Horizons 3150: 3140: 3132:New Horizons 3130: 3125: 3101:*aːlaxkwatwi 3064: 3047: 2972:New Horizons 2971: 2924: 2899:New Horizons 2898: 2739:New Horizons 2738: 2734:New Horizons 2733: 2732: 2724: 2720:New Horizons 2719: 2696:New Horizons 2695: 2688:New Horizons 2687: 2681: 2676:New Horizons 2675: 2661:New Horizons 2660: 2605: 2600:New Horizons 2599: 2592: 2572: 2556: 2535: 2526:New Horizons 2525: 2522:Christchurch 2515: 2506:New Horizons 2505: 2499: 2399: 2392:New Horizons 2391: 2385: 2383:spacecraft. 2381:New Horizons 2380: 2377:New Horizons 2376: 2346:New Horizons 2345: 2334:New Horizons 2333: 2331: 2323:New Horizons 2322: 2319:New Horizons 2318: 2311:New Horizons 2310: 2307:New Horizons 2306: 2303:New Horizons 2302: 2296: 2252: 2239: 2227: 2217:New Horizons 2216: 2213: 2199: 2183: 2148: 2139:12–14 K 2124:New Horizons 2123: 2104: 2100:New Horizons 2099: 2088:New Horizons 2087: 2084:New Horizons 2083: 2079:New Horizons 2078: 2076: 2072:aspect ratio 2067: 2063: 2048: 1978: 1962: 1957: 1947: 1938:New Horizons 1937: 1935: 1902: 1892: 1880: 1862: 1848: 1834: 1820: 1809: 1805:New Horizons 1804: 1792:New Horizons 1791: 1754:New Horizons 1753: 1703: 1661: 1652:Kaʼan 1637: 1613: 1591: 1576: 1549: 1531: 1519: 1512: 1509:lag deposits 1498: 1482:New Horizons 1481: 1475: 1456: 1427:New Horizons 1426: 1424: 1407: 1386:New Horizons 1385: 1375: 1361:New Horizons 1360: 1290: 1266:formaldehyde 1252:and complex 1231:spectrometer 1222:New Horizons 1221: 1215: 1156:tidal forces 1145: 1132:New Horizons 1131: 1128:New Horizons 1127: 1123:occultations 1119:New Horizons 1118: 1116: 1112: 1107:New Horizons 1106: 1102: 1100: 1095:(3D version) 1086:Stereoscopic 1055:New Horizons 1054: 1043:New Horizons 1042: 1038: 1019:New Horizons 1018: 1014: 1012: 995: 977: 971: 963:New Horizons 962: 958:ultima Thule 919:Ultima Thule 918: 916: 913:Ultima Thule 903:minor planet 876:New Horizons 875: 865: 834:New Horizons 833: 824:New Horizons 823: 816: 808:eccentricity 787:New Horizons 785: 784:space probe 766:Ultima Thule 765: 756: 749: 748: 726: 531:0.0005 449:3185 km 321:Mean anomaly 295:Eccentricity 89:Designations 84:26 June 2014 53:Marc W. Buie 18: 10386:Kuiper belt 10359:launch site 10339:upper stage 10285:Cathy Olkin 10123:Instruments 9966:28978 Ixion 9961:15810 Arawn 9788:Cosmic dust 9752:Long-period 9742:Halley-type 9698:Kuiper belt 9583:Designation 9427:; Dec 2019) 9412:Opportunity 9407:; Jan 2019) 9340:78P/Gehrels 9308:exoasteroid 9304:WD 0145+234 9267:water vapor 9233:GRB 190114C 9223:ASASSN-19bt 9204:Discoveries 9168:V1298 Tauri 9132:Struve 2398 8850:(announced) 8794:LightSail 2 8773:Space probe 8559:66P/du Toit 8517:V392 Persei 8505:V357 Muscae 8464:FarFarOut ( 8436:(announced) 8405:Discoveries 8012:; Dec 2018) 7998:; Oct 2018) 7991:BepiColombo 7978:; May 2018) 7962:; May 2018) 7933:Space probe 7636:3 September 7468:27 December 7423:30 December 7397:31 December 7153:Space Daily 7130:26 December 6234:27 December 6191:Stern, Alan 5591:22 February 5475:23 February 5295:. eaba6889. 5191:17 November 4727:. aay6620. 4399:12 November 4366:26 February 4088:4 September 3808:29 December 3296:18 February 3094:/aːnakkwat/ 3086:/aːrahkwat/ 2716:Sagittarius 2634:Sagittarius 2618:Exploration 2575:light curve 2538:Hill sphere 2456:occultation 2452:Sagittarius 2361:astrometric 2266:Observation 2160:1 g/cm 2120:Radiometric 2051:photometric 1989:Kuiper belt 1662:kaʼan 1628:Akasa Linea 1612:𞤱𞤫𞥅𞤴𞤮 1606:Weeyo Lobus 1575:(Date 1569:Named after 1432:sublimation 1398:Bond albedo 1325:ultraviolet 1321:cosmic rays 1286:5145 Pholus 1242:wavelengths 1103:Akasa Linea 1037:, the name 953:cartography 826:Search Team 774:Kuiper belt 578:declination 499:Equatorial 347:Inclination 336:Mean motion 142:Named after 10429:Categories 10305:Hal Weaver 10300:Alan Stern 10170:Subsystems 10115:Spacecraft 9897:132524 APL 9793:Meteoroids 9772:Sungrazing 9747:Hyperbolic 9703:Oort cloud 9646:Near-Earth 9360:171P/Spahr 9310:disruption 9293:2I/Borisov 9070:Kepler-47d 9059:Gliese 784 9053:Gliese 754 9047:Gliese 555 9041:Gliese 687 9028:Gliese 588 9017:Gliese 251 9011:DS Tucanae 8987:Exoplanets 8640:(asteroid 8638:OSIRIS-REx 8634:(Nov 2018) 8632:retirement 8617:(Oct 2018) 8615:retirement 8604:(asteroid 8554:37P/Forbes 8487:SN 2018cow 8417:VVV-WIT-07 8386:HD 89345 b 8301:Exoplanets 7733:Arrokoth ( 7715:2 February 7558:5 November 7528:5 November 7498:5 November 7353:6 November 7026:1806.09684 6889:25 January 6703:15 January 6698:Planetaria 6600:1806.08393 6410:2005.06525 6403:: 113824. 6379:1 December 6260:2 February 6147:1812.04758 6073:4 February 5935:5 February 5902:4 February 5879:4 February 5851:1901.02850 5715:14 October 5663:1902.00997 5631:1901.02578 5384:1812.09785 5141:2009.02277 5134:: 114072. 5086:(2): L31. 5029:2003.00670 5022:: 113831. 5003:. aay3705. 4960:2002.06720 4847:2010.06434 4812:9 February 4684:2003.05576 4628:. aaw9771. 4593:2004.01017 4108:HubbleSite 4016:HubbleSite 3996:26 January 3820:required.) 3749:1906.02071 3697:1812.04752 3642:2003.01224 3635:: 113723. 3606:. aay3999. 3563:2004.00727 3464:2001.00125 3457:(4): 130. 3432:64 minutes 3325:2 February 3170:References 3146:astrometry 3080:'sky' and 2895:132524 APL 2801:4:08 2705:43.4 2691:spacecraft 2622:See also: 2547:Santa Cruz 2454:during an 2275:See also: 2259:sputtering 2055:magnitudes 1963:Having an 1911:perihelion 1844:132524 APL 1727:outgassing 1596:Mapudungun 1585:Wenu Lobus 1544:axial tilt 1491:terminator 1487:avalanches 1478:depression 1422:material. 1357:solar wind 1313:photolysis 828:using the 542:Axial tilt 466:10 kg 388:Dimensions 273:Perihelion 236:2458600.5) 10349:3rd stage 10318:Logistics 10280:Brian May 10270:Marc Buie 10190:Personnel 9683:Damocloid 9420:Hayabusa2 9394:Chang'e 4 9350:163P/NEAT 9248:GW190521g 9228:AT2019qiz 9097:LP 816-60 9081:L 1159-16 9072:confirmed 9065:HR 5183 b 9000:AD Leonis 8863:Selected 8788:Beresheet 8649:Voyager 2 8601:Hayabusa2 8544:C/2017 U7 8482:AT2018hyz 8318:possible 8064:Selected 8002:Chang'e 4 7843:Ephemeris 7835:Discovery 7772:Ephemeris 7689:2 January 7606:5 January 7302:. 509.06. 7215:21 August 7185:21 August 7053:118993544 6625:119506499 6435:218628659 6344:Space.com 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