1427:
762:
721:
653:
711:
27:
702:
resolution of the issue may be that Gaspra obtained a regolith during the Flora-family forming impact that also created Gaspra itself. Secondly, it has been estimated that the matter ejected by all the craters would be only enough to cover Gaspra with 10 m of regolith. However, some craters are much deeper than this without showing any structural difference on their walls.
684:
Grooves about 100 m (330 ft) to 300 m (980 ft) wide, up to 2.5 km (1.6 mi) long, and tens of meters deep are seen on Gaspra's surface, which may be related to Gaspra's formation along with the rest of the Flora family in an asteroid collision. Their presence also suggest
598:
Apart from a multitude of small craters, Gaspra has half a dozen large flat areas and concavities. One of these flat areas, Dunne Regio, is a 5 km × 7 km (3.1 mi × 4.3 mi) area that is flat to within 200 m (660 ft). It is uncertain whether these are the result
701:
is very small, so small that it is difficult to understand how it could keep a significant portion of fragments ejected by impacts from escaping. This may be alleviated if Gaspra is a porous body or started with a large regolith, but one has to explain how the original regolith appeared. A possible
696:
The extensiveness of regolith on Gaspra and its presence overall is a matter of debate, and not fully understood. Visually, the somewhat subdued and mantled appearance suggests a substantial regolith. Also, correlations are seen between the subtle color variations and local topography, and it has
858:
flew by Gaspra on 29 October 1991, passing within 1,600 km (990 mi) at a relative speed of about 8 km/s (18,000 mph). 57 images were returned to Earth, the closest taken from a distance of 5,300 km (3,300 mi). The best images have a resolution of about 54 meters per
676:
and Gaspra was relatively recent on an astronomical timescale, so that Gaspra has not yet had the opportunity to acquire many large craters since. Analysis of cratering rates suggests the age of the surface is between about 20 to 300 million years. It was suggested in 2007 that the fresh, steep
875:
spacecraft team to reduce the uncertainty of Gaspra's position using images captured during the approach to Gaspra. This was successful and allowed the spacecraft to obtain images from as close as 5,300 km (3,300 mi). At this closest range, the pointing was still not known accurately
866:
would not know where to point to capture images of the asteroid once it was closer than 70,000 km (43,000 mi). This would render the encounter not very interesting scientifically. To overcome this problem, a pioneering
685:
that it is a single coherent body, rather than a rubble pile. The grooves were likely created by impacts that shattered the underlying rock. A system of much more prominent grooves is seen on the
Martian moon
1340:
Davies, M. E., T. R. Colvin, M.J.S. Belton, J. Veverka, and P. C. Thomas, "The
Direction of the North Pole and the Control Network of Asteroid 951 Gaspra," Icarus, Vol. 107, pp. 18–22, 1994.
749:
of 72°. The
Galileo flyby was too distant for a body of Gaspra's small size to noticeably affect Galileo's trajectory, so no information on Gaspra's mass was obtained. (Galileo also visited
1275:
Bottke, W. F.; Vokrouhlický, D.; Chapman, C. R.; Nesvorny, D. (March 2007), "Gaspra's Steep Crater
Population Was Produced by a Large Recent Breakup in the Main Asteroid Belt",
697:
been suggested that this is caused by the slow migration of regolith to lower areas. It is, however, difficult to explain the origin of a putative regolith. Firstly, Gaspra's
862:
Because Gaspra's position was only known to within about 200 km (120 mi) before the encounter, and the camera's field of view was only about 5° across,
607:
would naturally take on such flat, lopsided shapes, making this determination difficult. The flat facets and concavities give Gaspra a very angular appearance.
171:
1568:
1503:
1363:
1873:
1833:
859:
pixel (177.16 ft). The area around the southern pole was not seen during the flyby, but the remaining 80% of the asteroid was imaged.
638:
in the proportions 4:1 to 7:1). There are no prominent albedo or color patterns, although a subtle color variation is seen across the surface.
1853:
730:
Gaspra orbits the Sun at an average distance of about 2.21 astronomical units. Gaspra completes one orbit around the Sun in 3.29 years.
379:
1352:
647:
1843:
1561:
1278:
1496:
977:
153:
1529:
1448:
1358:
1863:
1554:
599:
of impacts or whether they are instead facets formed when Gaspra broke off its parent asteroid. In the weak, lopsided
1868:
1685:
993:
1489:
45:
356:
1617:
524:
281:
668:
Gaspra's surface lacks unambiguous craters of a size comparable to its radius, like those seen for example on
1776:
610:
Gaspra's surface area has been calculated at about 525 km, which, for comparison, is about the size of
1848:
1602:
1512:
935:
1766:
1756:
1111:
M.J.S. Belton; et al. (1992). "Galileo
Encounter with 951 Gaspra: First Pictures of an Asteroid".
742:
1761:
57:
1409:
1385:
1377:
1858:
1838:
1597:
1214:
Abstracts of the 25th Lunar and
Planetary Science Conference, Held in Houston, TX, 14–18 March 1994
83:
1401:
1393:
1368:
1781:
1665:
1577:
1421:
488:
440:
386:
319:
310:
270:
257:
1456:
1702:
515:
510:
1607:
1300:
Domingue, D. L.; Faith, V.; Choo, T.; Stockstill-Cahill, K. R.; et al. (December 2016).
876:
enough, but the camera took a 51 image mosaic so as to capture Gaspra on at least one image.
494:
368:
239:
1440:
1432:
1175:
1675:
1472:
1313:
1283:
1247:
1171:
1120:
1082:
1066:
1038:
854:
502:
292:
1416:
8:
1206:
345:
1317:
1287:
1251:
1124:
1086:
1042:
1464:
1426:
1274:
1187:
1144:
868:
582:
580:
Gaspra was the first asteroid ever to be closely approached when it was visited by the
191:
62:
1660:
1612:
1191:
1136:
1065:
973:
689:. The pitted appearance of some grooves may suggest that the surface is covered by a
678:
263:
227:
1148:
1073:; Vasilyev, M. V.; Yagudina, E. I. (July 2002). "Hidden Mass in the Asteroid Belt".
1786:
1321:
1255:
1179:
1128:
1090:
1070:
1046:
965:
470:
220:
99:
1132:
969:
761:
1707:
1650:
1635:
1326:
1301:
913:
734:
698:
631:
547:
506:
498:
247:
50:
1024:
1722:
1690:
1655:
326:
303:
1827:
1746:
1645:
1640:
686:
661:
657:
604:
558:
554:
1546:
1025:
P. C. Thomas; J. Veverka; D. Simonelli; P. Helfenstein; et al. (1994).
1812:
1585:
1260:
1235:
1233:
1140:
1094:
1051:
1026:
720:
673:
669:
213:
207:
1481:
733:
Gaspra's rotational axis has been determined to point in the direction of
1802:
1751:
1712:
1523:
738:
574:
570:
334:
1771:
1717:
1183:
746:
652:
456:
231:
1807:
1697:
1204:
615:
566:
197:
1627:
1535:
690:
635:
550:
143:
1299:
710:
846:
793:
750:
627:
600:
587:
422:
562:
137:
1738:
821:
807:
753:
where it discovered a moon, allowing a mass estimate there.)
26:
1207:"A Galileo Multi Spectral Instrument Analysis of 951 Gaspra"
672:. A probable reason is that the collision that produced the
994:"Asteroid 951 Gaspra – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0"
611:
447:
403:
120:
1234:
Veverka, J.; Belton, M.; Klaasen, K.; Chapman, C. (1994).
108:
105:
914:"JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 951 Gaspra (1916 S45)"
569:
retreat that was visited by his contemporaries, such as
1205:
J.C. Granahan; F.P. Fanale & M.S. Robinson (1994).
724:
Gaspra orbits the Sun just outside of the orbit of Mars
1302:"Regional spectrophotometric properties of 951 Gaspra"
111:
117:
114:
1162:Stooke, P. J. (1996). "The Surface of 951 Gaspra".
102:
1825:
553:that orbits very close to the inner edge of the
1236:"Galileo's Encounter with 951 Gaspra: Overview"
962:Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (951) Gaspra
557:. Gaspra was discovered by Russian astronomer
1576:
1562:
1497:
1110:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1223:
634:(the surface appears to contain olivine and
1511:
772:trajectory from 19 Oct 1989 to 30 Sep 2003
593:
1569:
1555:
1504:
1490:
1425:
1106:
1104:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1014:
964:. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 84.
960:Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(951) Gaspra".
908:
25:
16:S-type asteroid in the inner asteroid belt
1325:
1259:
1220:
1198:
1050:
928:
906:
904:
902:
900:
898:
896:
894:
892:
890:
888:
648:List of geological features on 951 Gaspra
392:18.2 km × 10.5 km × 8.9 km
1293:
1059:
959:
760:
719:
709:
651:
586:spacecraft, which flew by on its way to
1874:Astronomical objects discovered in 1916
1834:Minor planet object articles (numbered)
1101:
1011:
953:
34:image of Gaspra; colors are exaggerated
1826:
1279:Lunar and Planetary Science Conference
1161:
1155:
885:
714:Successive images of a rotating Gaspra
681:-forming event that happened near it.
1550:
1485:
986:
705:
677:craters on Gaspra were formed by the
357:Longitude of ascending node
1854:Minor planets visited by spacecraft
656:Gaspra (top) and the Martian moons
641:
13:
1364:Gaspra in approximately true color
14:
1885:
1346:
745:(β, λ) = (21°, 20°) and gives an
1373:AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
871:campaign was implemented by the
561:in 1916. Neujmin named it after
98:
1334:
1282:, no. 1338, p. 2165,
1268:
1844:Discoveries by Grigory Neujmin
756:
621:
1:
1133:10.1126/science.257.5077.1647
970:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_952
879:
741:27±2°. This is equivalent to
1327:10.1016/j.icarus.2016.07.011
626:Gaspra appears to be fairly
7:
916:. Jet Propulsion Laboratory
614:, or half the land area of
369:Argument of perihelion
10:
1890:
645:
192:Minor planet category
1864:S-type asteroids (Tholen)
1795:
1737:
1674:
1626:
1593:
1584:
1578:Small Solar System bodies
1519:
537:
522:
486:
468:
454:
438:
419:
402:
385:
378:
366:
354:
344:
332:
317:
304:Orbital period (sidereal)
301:
291:
279:
269:
256:
246:
238:
226:
219:
189:
151:
131:
93:
81:
76:
68:
56:
44:
39:
24:
1869:S-type asteroids (SMASS)
1164:Earth, Moon, and Planets
998:Small Bodies Data Ferret
594:Physical characteristics
525:Absolute magnitude
380:Physical characteristics
154:Alternative designations
1513:Minor planets navigator
1422:JPL Small-Body Database
1176:1996EM&P...75...53S
936:"951 Gaspra (1916 S45)"
441:Synodic rotation period
252:103.54 yr (37,819 days)
221:Orbital characteristics
1703:Trans-Neptunian object
1386:Observation prediction
1261:10.1006/icar.1994.1002
1095:10.1006/icar.2002.6837
1052:10.1006/icar.1994.1004
850:
725:
715:
665:
1027:"The Shape of Gaspra"
764:
723:
713:
655:
240:Uncertainty parameter
1676:Distant minor planet
743:ecliptic coordinates
590:on 29 October 1991.
84:MPC designation
1849:Named minor planets
1473:Physical parameters
1318:2016Icar..280..340D
1288:2007LPI....38.2165B
1252:1994Icar..107....2V
1125:1992Sci...257.1647B
1087:2002Icar..158...98K
1043:1994Icar..107...23T
940:Minor Planet Center
69:Discovery date
58:Discovery site
21:
1410:Observational info
1184:10.1007/BF00056288
869:optical navigation
851:
726:
716:
706:Orbit and rotation
666:
230:4 September 2017 (
46:Discovered by
19:
1821:
1820:
1733:
1732:
1618:Meanings of names
1544:
1543:
1119:(5077): 1647–52.
979:978-3-540-00238-3
679:Baptistina family
541:
540:
1881:
1591:
1590:
1571:
1564:
1557:
1548:
1547:
1506:
1499:
1492:
1483:
1482:
1465:Orbital elements
1429:
1341:
1338:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1272:
1266:
1265:
1263:
1231:
1218:
1217:
1211:
1202:
1196:
1195:
1159:
1153:
1152:
1108:
1099:
1098:
1067:Krasinsky, G. A.
1063:
1057:
1056:
1054:
1022:
1009:
1008:
1006:
1004:
990:
984:
983:
957:
951:
950:
948:
946:
932:
926:
925:
923:
921:
910:
849:
844:
835:
834: 951 Gaspra
833:
824:
819:
810:
805:
796:
791:
782:
777:
771:
642:Surface features
632:S-type asteroids
630:-rich among the
482:
480:
471:Geometric albedo
464:
434:
431:
415:
411:
398:
393:
211:
185:
169:
161:
147:
127:
126:
123:
122:
119:
116:
113:
110:
107:
104:
29:
22:
18:
1889:
1888:
1884:
1883:
1882:
1880:
1879:
1878:
1859:Galileo program
1839:Flora asteroids
1824:
1823:
1822:
1817:
1791:
1729:
1670:
1622:
1580:
1575:
1545:
1540:
1515:
1510:
1402:Proper elements
1349:
1344:
1339:
1335:
1298:
1294:
1273:
1269:
1232:
1221:
1209:
1203:
1199:
1160:
1156:
1109:
1102:
1064:
1060:
1023:
1012:
1002:
1000:
992:
991:
987:
980:
958:
954:
944:
942:
934:
933:
929:
919:
917:
912:
911:
886:
882:
842:
841:
831:
830:
817:
816:
803:
802:
789:
788:
775:
774:
773:
769:
759:
728:
727:
708:
699:escape velocity
650:
644:
624:
596:
530:
514:
509:
501:
491:
478:
476:
473:
462:
459:
443:
432:
429:
425:
413:
409:
397:(mean diameter)
396:
394:
391:
371:
359:
337:
322:
306:
284:
282:Semi-major axis
248:Observation arc
212:
205:
194:
184:
180:
179:
170:
167:
159:
156:
141:
140:
134:
101:
97:
86:
35:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1887:
1877:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1799:
1797:
1793:
1792:
1790:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1777:Near-parabolic
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1743:
1741:
1735:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1728:
1727:
1726:
1725:
1723:Scattered disc
1720:
1715:
1710:
1700:
1695:
1694:
1693:
1691:Neptune trojan
1688:
1680:
1678:
1672:
1671:
1669:
1668:
1666:Spectral types
1663:
1658:
1656:Jupiter trojan
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1632:
1630:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1594:
1588:
1582:
1581:
1574:
1573:
1566:
1559:
1551:
1542:
1541:
1539:
1538:
1533:
1526:
1520:
1517:
1516:
1509:
1508:
1501:
1494:
1486:
1478:
1477:
1476:
1475:
1433:Close approach
1414:
1413:
1412:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1348:
1347:External links
1345:
1343:
1342:
1333:
1292:
1267:
1219:
1197:
1154:
1100:
1071:Pitjeva, E. V.
1058:
1010:
985:
978:
952:
927:
883:
881:
878:
758:
755:
718:
717:
707:
704:
643:
640:
623:
620:
605:impact craters
595:
592:
539:
538:
535:
534:
531:
523:
520:
519:
492:
487:
484:
483:
474:
469:
466:
465:
460:
455:
452:
451:
444:
439:
436:
435:
426:
420:
417:
416:
406:
400:
399:
389:
383:
382:
376:
375:
372:
367:
364:
363:
360:
355:
352:
351:
348:
342:
341:
338:
333:
330:
329:
323:
318:
315:
314:
307:
302:
299:
298:
295:
289:
288:
285:
280:
277:
276:
273:
267:
266:
260:
254:
253:
250:
244:
243:
236:
235:
224:
223:
217:
216:
195:
190:
187:
186:
182:
157:
152:
149:
148:
135:
132:
129:
128:
95:
91:
90:
87:
82:
79:
78:
74:
73:
70:
66:
65:
60:
54:
53:
48:
42:
41:
37:
36:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1886:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1736:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1705:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1682:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1673:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1646:Asteroid belt
1644:
1642:
1641:Aten asteroid
1639:
1637:
1634:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1625:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1586:Minor planets
1583:
1579:
1572:
1567:
1565:
1560:
1558:
1553:
1552:
1549:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1531:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1518:
1514:
1507:
1502:
1500:
1495:
1493:
1488:
1487:
1484:
1480:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1457:Orbit diagram
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1424:
1423:
1418:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1376:
1375:
1374:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1337:
1328:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1296:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1280:
1271:
1262:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1215:
1208:
1201:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1158:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1107:
1105:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1081:(1): 98–105.
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1062:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1015:
999:
995:
989:
981:
975:
971:
967:
963:
956:
941:
937:
931:
915:
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828:
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795:
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765:Animation of
763:
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748:
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736:
731:
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629:
619:
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568:
564:
560:
559:G. N. Neujmin
556:
555:asteroid belt
552:
549:
545:
536:
532:
529:
528:
521:
517:
512:
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490:
489:Spectral type
485:
475:
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461:
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453:
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437:
430:2.7 g/cm
427:
424:
418:
407:
405:
401:
395:12.2 km
390:
388:
384:
381:
377:
373:
370:
365:
361:
358:
353:
349:
347:
343:
340:0° 18 0 / day
339:
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331:
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296:
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96:
94:Pronunciation
92:
88:
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55:
52:
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38:
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28:
23:
1813:Space debris
1528:
1524:950 Ahrensa
1479:
1468:
1460:
1452:
1444:
1436:
1420:
1405:
1397:
1394:Orbital info
1389:
1381:
1372:
1336:
1309:
1305:
1295:
1276:
1270:
1243:
1239:
1213:
1200:
1170:(1): 53–75.
1167:
1163:
1157:
1116:
1112:
1078:
1074:
1061:
1037:(1): 23–36.
1034:
1030:
1001:. Retrieved
997:
988:
961:
955:
943:. Retrieved
939:
930:
918:. Retrieved
872:
863:
861:
853:
852:
837:
826:
812:
798:
784:
779:
766:
732:
729:
695:
683:
674:Flora family
670:253 Mathilde
667:
625:
609:
597:
581:
579:
543:
542:
526:
320:Mean anomaly
313:(1,200 days)
293:Eccentricity
201:
178: A913 YA
175:
163:
89:(951) Gaspra
77:Designations
72:30 July 1916
31:
1803:Cosmic dust
1767:Long-period
1757:Halley-type
1713:Kuiper belt
1598:Designation
1353:short intro
1312:: 340–358.
1246:(1): 2–17.
757:Exploration
739:declination
622:Composition
603:of Gaspra,
346:Inclination
335:Mean motion
133:Named after
63:Simeiz Obs.
1828:Categories
1808:Meteoroids
1787:Sungrazing
1762:Hyperbolic
1718:Oort cloud
1661:Near-Earth
1530:951 Gaspra
1417:951 Gaspra
1369:951 Gaspra
1359:JPL images
1355:: 2 photos
1003:24 October
945:19 October
920:19 October
880:References
747:axial tilt
664:, to scale
646:See also:
544:951 Gaspra
457:Axial tilt
433:(estimate)
414:(estimate)
387:Dimensions
271:Perihelion
234:2458000.5)
51:G. Neujmin
20:951 Gaspra
1698:Damocloid
1449:Ephemeris
1441:Discovery
1378:Ephemeris
1192:122026431
616:Hong Kong
567:Black Sea
450:(0.293 d)
287:2.2099 AU
275:1.8267 AU
198:main-belt
142:(Crimean
40:Discovery
1782:Periodic
1708:Detached
1628:Asteroid
1536:952 Caia
1149:23801250
1141:17841160
691:regolith
636:pyroxene
551:asteroid
258:Aphelion
172:SIGMA 45
168:1916 Σ45
160:1916 S45
144:spa town
1747:Extinct
1686:Centaur
1419:at the
1314:Bibcode
1284:Bibcode
1248:Bibcode
1172:Bibcode
1121:Bibcode
1113:Science
1083:Bibcode
1039:Bibcode
873:Galileo
864:Galileo
855:Galileo
847:243 Ida
820:
794:Jupiter
780:Galileo
767:Galileo
751:243 Ida
737:0h40m,
628:olivine
601:gravity
588:Jupiter
583:Galileo
575:Tolstoy
518:= 0.554
513:= 0.870
423:density
374:129.94°
362:253.06°
350:4.1063°
262:2.5931
181:1955 MG
32:Galileo
1739:Comets
1651:Family
1636:Active
1603:Groups
1469:·
1467:
1461:·
1459:
1453:·
1451:
1445:·
1443:
1437:·
1435:
1406:·
1404:
1398:·
1396:
1390:·
1388:
1382:·
1380:
1306:Icarus
1240:Icarus
1216:: 453.
1190:
1147:
1139:
1075:Icarus
1031:Icarus
976:
845:
843:
838:·
836:
832:
827:·
825:
818:
813:·
811:
806:
804:
799:·
797:
792:
790:
785:·
783:
778:
776:
770:'s
687:Phobos
662:Deimos
658:Phobos
563:Gaspra
548:S-type
546:is an
495:Tholen
446:7.042
410:3 × 10
325:232.83
297:0.1734
202:·
200:
176:·
174:
164:·
162:
138:Gaspra
1796:Other
1752:Great
1471:
1463:
1455:
1447:
1439:
1408:
1400:
1392:
1384:
1277:38th
1210:(PDF)
1188:S2CID
1145:S2CID
840:
829:
822:Venus
815:
808:Earth
801:
787:
571:Gorky
533:11.46
503:SMASS
481:0.032
477:0.246
421:Mean
309:3.29
228:Epoch
214:Flora
208:inner
204:
166:
1772:Lost
1613:Moon
1608:List
1137:PMID
1005:2019
974:ISBN
947:2017
922:2017
660:and
612:Guam
573:and
565:, a
404:Mass
1371:at
1322:doi
1310:280
1256:doi
1244:107
1180:doi
1129:doi
1117:257
1091:doi
1079:158
1047:doi
1035:107
966:doi
527:(H)
516:U–B
511:B–V
463:72°
412:kg
1830::
1320:.
1308:.
1304:.
1254:.
1242:.
1238:.
1222:^
1212:.
1186:.
1178:.
1168:75
1166:.
1143:.
1135:.
1127:.
1115:.
1103:^
1089:.
1077:.
1069:;
1045:.
1033:.
1029:.
1013:^
996:.
972:.
938:.
887:^
735:RA
693:.
618:.
577:.
505:=
497:=
408:2–
311:yr
264:AU
232:JD
1570:e
1563:t
1556:v
1505:e
1498:t
1491:v
1330:.
1324::
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1131::
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1049::
1041::
1007:.
982:.
968::
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924:.
507:S
499:S
479:±
448:h
428:~
327:°
242:0
210:)
206:(
183:1
146:)
124:/
121:ə
118:r
115:p
112:s
109:æ
106:ɡ
103:ˈ
100:/
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