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584:. 2,000 - 4,000 Zanzibaris, mostly Zanzibari Arabs & Indians, were murdered, with relatively few casualties on the revolutionary side. Many more were raped and images of mass-killings and mass-graves invocative of genocidal episodes were published in the world media causing immediate alarm and embarrassing the Nyerere Government. The Zanzibar Revolution brought an end to about 500 years of Arab domination on the island during which the
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in
Zanzibar Town. Reprisals followed against people suspected to have been opposed to Karume's regime. During his tenure he was able to nationalize land owned by Arabs and Indians and re-distribute the land among the poor majority Zanzibaris. He also established a system of free education and health
640:
In 1970, four young
Persian girls refused to marry the 64-year old Karume. As a result, he ordered the arrest of 10 of their male relatives for "hindering the implementation of mixed marriages." He threatened to deport these men and dozens of other members of the Persian Ithnasheri sect to which they
607:
Karume used his political skills to align the leaders of neighboring
African countries against Okello and invited Tanganyikan police officers into Zanzibar to maintain order. As soon as Okello took a trip out of the country, Karume declared him an "enemy of the state" and did not allow him to return.
627:
and communist bloc, as A.M. Babu had advocated. Given the new legitimacy of Karume's government (now solidly backed up by mainland
Tanganyika), Karume marginalized Babu to the point of irrelevance. The Marxist leader was eventually forced to flee Tanzania after being charged with masterminding the
576:
won the elections. The Sultan was a constitutional monarch. Initial elections gave government control to the ZNP. Karume was willing to work within the electoral framework of the new government, and actually informed a
British police officer of the revolutionary plot set to take place in January.
645:'s pressure, Karume eventually dropped the charges. However, a few months later, the 4 different Persian girls were forced to marry members of his Revolutionary Council and 11 of the girls' relatives afterwards were ordered by a judge to be imprisoned and flogged.
534:'s ceremonial barge. He left Zanzibar in the early years of his life, travelling among other places to London, where he gained an understanding of geopolitics and international affairs through exposure to African thinkers such as
604:, who was appointed to the Revolutionary Council. John Okello reserved for himself the title of "Field Marshal", a position with undefined power. What followed was a three-month-long internal struggle for power.
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services for all
Zanzibaris regardless their race, color or ethnicity. Apart from that, he engaged in construction of many houses available to the people of Zanzibar a very affordable rents.
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Karume was not in
Zanzibar on 12 January 1964, the night of the revolution, and was instead on the African mainland. The instigator of the rebellion was a previously unknown Ugandan,
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Karume remarked on the situation: "In colonial times the Arabs took
African concubines without bothering to marry them. Now that we are in power, the shoe is on the other foot."
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677:, Abeid's son, was elected two times as the president of Zanzibar, in 2000 and 2005 by a popular majority and handed over power in late 2010 to his successor
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in 1905, Karume had little formal education and worked as a seaman before entering politics. He once proudly served as an oarsman for the
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Given the presence of
Tanganyikan police and the absence of their leader, Okello's gangs of followers did not offer any resistance.
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Having taken control of the island, John Okello invited Abeid Karume back to the island to assume the title of
President of the
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The fate of Africa : from the hopes of freedom to the heart of despair : a history of fifty years of independence
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The fate of Africa : from the hopes of freedom to the heart of despair : a history of fifty years of independence
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Karume's second important political move came when he agreed to form a union with the Tanganyikan president
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874:"Developmental States: Their Historical Absence and their Emergence in Post Conflict Southern Africa"
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600:. Other Zanzibaris in foreign territory were also invited back, most notably the Marxist politician
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assassination of Karume in 1972. As a result, Karume was rewarded with the post of
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as president of the new country. He was the father of Zanzibar's former president,
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542:. Karume developed an apparatus of control through the expansion of the
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Tanzania under Mwalimu Nyerere: Reflections on an African Statesman
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981:"Tanzania: Prisoners of conscience face treason trial in Zanzibar"
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On April 7, 1972, four gunmen shot Karume to death as he played
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948:"Forced Marriages In Zanzibar Studied By U.N Commission"
918:(1st ed.). New York: Public Affairs. p. 223.
619:. The union ensured that the new country, to be called
1083:
808:
Revolution in Zanzibar: An American's Cold War Tale
474:(4 August 1905 – 7 April 1972) was the first
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568:granted full independence to Zanzibar after the
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1437:African politicians assassinated in the 1970s
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749:(1st ed.). Public Affairs. p. 222.
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482:. He obtained this title as a result of a
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983:. Amnesty International. 27 January 2000.
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502:was founded, and Karume became the first
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176:12 January 1964 – 25 April 1964
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164:People's Republic of Zanzibar and Pemba
125:29 October 1964 – 7 April 1972
93:People's Republic of Zanzibar and Pemba
14:
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352:This article is part of a series about
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504:Vice President of the United Republic
81:26 April 1964 – 7 April 1972
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851:. Fultus Corporation. p. 131.
24:
1412:Heads of state of former countries
1387:Assassinated Zanzibari politicians
623:, would not align itself with the
25:
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1442:Assassinated presidents in Africa
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591:
574:Zanzibar and Pemba People's Party
548:Tanganyika African National Union
526:Allegedly born at the village of
1447:Politicians assassinated in 1972
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1177:
1084:Articles related to Abeid Karume
1017:Jamshid bin Abdullah of Zanzibar
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655:Karume on Tanzania 200 shillings
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432:
343:
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641:belonged. Because of Tanzanian
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1382:Afro-Shirazi Party politicians
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798:
771:
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486:which led to the deposing of
13:
1:
1402:Deaths by firearm in Tanzania
847:Mwakikagile, Godfrey (2004).
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598:People's Republic of Zanzibar
781:Zanzibar Under Colonial Rule
7:
1397:People murdered in Tanzania
1377:Vice-presidents of Tanzania
1220:Vice-presidents of Tanzania
891:10.2174/1874914301003010030
811:. Basic Books. p. 28.
784:. James Currey Publishers.
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668:at the headquarters of the
546:and its relations with the
500:United Republic of Tanzania
283:Kisiwa Nduwi, Zanzibar Town
10:
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1055:Vice President of Tanzania
836:. East African Pub. House.
805:Petterson, Donald (2004).
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498:. Three months later, the
113:Vice President of Tanzania
1432:1970s murders in Tanzania
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912:Meredith, Martin (2005).
878:Open Area Studies Journal
872:Maundeni, Zibani (2010).
743:Meredith, Martin (2005).
732:. Africa Journal Limited.
602:Abdulrahman Mohammad Babu
564:On 10 December 1963, the
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660:Assassination and legacy
488:Sir Jamshid bin Abdullah
427:Assassination and legacy
273:Assassination by gunshot
187:Sir Jamshid bin Abdullah
42:
1422:1972 crimes in Tanzania
778:Sheriff, Abdul (1991).
730:Makers of Modern Africa
570:Zanzibar National Party
1427:1972 murders in Africa
1367:Presidents of Zanzibar
1123:Presidents of Zanzibar
834:Revolution in Zanzibar
728:Uwechue, Raph (1991).
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554:Revolution in Zanzibar
1392:Zanzibari politicians
1031:President of Zanzibar
832:Okello, John (1967).
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536:Hastings Kamuzu Banda
390:President of Zanzibar
209:President of Tanzania
203:Position Abolished (
91:Himself President of
69:President of Zanzibar
716:at Wikimedia Commons
630:First Vice-President
490:, the last reigning
414:Revolution Aftermath
145:Position Established
27:Tanzanian politician
696:Godfrey Mwakikagile
560:Zanzibar Revolution
409:Zanzibar Revolution
1023:Sultan of Zanzibar
1006:Political offices
952:The New York Times
675:Amani Abeid Karume
670:Afro-Shirazi Party
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544:Afro-Shirazi Party
516:Amani Abeid Karume
492:Sultan of Zanzibar
472:Abeid Amani Karume
303:Afro-Shirazi Party
191:Sultan of Zanzibar
36:Abeid Amani Karume
18:Abeid Amani Karume
1407:Tanzanian Muslims
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1062:Succeeded by
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679:Ali Mohamed Shein
643:President Nyerere
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1159:A. A. Karume
1144:A. H. Mwinyi
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963:. Retrieved
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312:Fatma Karume
254:(1972-04-07)
252:7 April 1972
199:Succeeded by
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151:Succeeded by
120:
100:Succeeded by
76:
29:
1362:1972 deaths
1357:1905 births
1065:Aboud Jumbe
1041:Aboud Jumbe
965:11 December
582:John Okello
289:Nationality
182:Preceded by
156:Aboud Jumbe
141:Preceded by
105:Aboud Jumbe
87:Preceded by
1351:Categories
1059:1964–1972
1035:1964–1972
702:References
617:April 1964
572:(ZNP) and
512:Tanganyika
484:revolution
403:Government
231:1905-08-04
1277:Second VP
1169:H. Mwinyi
1134:A. Karume
1049:New title
1012:New title
960:0362-4331
476:President
396:1964-1972
293:Tanzanian
238:Nyasaland
172:In office
130:President
121:In office
77:In office
1254:Malecela
1227:First VP
934:58791298
765:58791298
685:See also
621:Tanzania
480:Zanzibar
317:Children
263:Tanzania
111:1st
67:1st
1249:Warioba
550:party.
1330:Mpango
1325:Suluhu
1284:Kawawa
1244:Mwinyi
1234:Karume
958:
932:
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855:
815:
788:
763:
753:
540:Malawi
532:Sultan
421:legacy
309:Spouse
242:Malawi
1320:Bilal
1315:Shein
1294:Amour
1289:Wakil
1259:Msuya
1239:Jumbe
1164:Shein
1154:Amour
1149:Wakil
1139:Jumbe
506:with
494:, in
321:Amani
240:(now
1310:Juma
967:2022
956:ISSN
930:OCLC
920:ISBN
853:ISBN
813:ISBN
786:ISBN
761:OCLC
751:ISBN
383:1963
249:Died
225:Born
1021:as
886:doi
666:bao
615:in
538:of
510:of
478:of
378:ASP
325:Ali
207:As
1353::
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681:.
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261:,
1212:e
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969:.
936:.
894:.
888::
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460:e
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446:v
244:)
233:)
229:(
211:)
193:)
189:(
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