Knowledge

Abstract - Knowledge

Source 📝

334: 277: 161: 27: 189:. First conceived in 2020 (with a precursor proposal in 2013), Abstract Knowledge has been under active development ever since, with the related project of Wikifunctions launched in 2023. Nevertheless, the project has proved controversial. As envisioned, Abstract Knowledge would consist of "Constructors" (templates for abstract statements), "Content" (the abstract statements themselves), and "Renderers" (which would 304:
The Wikimedia Foundation staff responded to this report by completely rejecting the idea that Abstract Knowledge and Wikifunctions could be separated, and accusing the Google Fellows of making "fallacies and false comparisons". The Wikimedia Foundation also stated that using existing NLG pipelines
292:
working on the project, it was at a "substantial risk of failure" due to its poor technical plan. The Google Fellows recommended that Abstract Knowledge be decoupled from Wikifunctions, that Wikifunctions refine MediaWiki's support for programming in
397:
that would be pre-populated with content from Abstract Knowledge automatically translated into the local language. This "virtual article" would have a URL similar to that of a real article, and would also be linkable and searchable just like a real
487:
This would translate into English as "San Francisco is the cultural, commercial, and financial center of Northern California. It is the fourth-most populous city in California, after Los Angeles, San Diego and San Jose."
393:
integration with Abstract Knowledge. In this scenario, to create a new article, the editor would add a sitelink on Wikidata to a not-yet-existing page. This would create a "virtual article" in
383:
that would display content automatically translated from Abstract Knowledge into the local language. This content would be linkable and searchable. Furthermore, a new magic word
218:, suggested "an extension of the template system" where template calls would expand into content based on the language of the user. For example, a template call such as 633: 364:(one per language), which convert the abstract Content into text in that particular language. These are, like Constructors, also preferably hosted in Wikifunctions. 48: 41: 289: 424:), class: Object_with_modifier_and_of( object: center, modifier: And_modifier( conjuncts: ), of: 918: 1341: 1282: 1346: 91: 506: 252: 63: 692: 70: 911: 890: 110: 77: 1301: 1287: 638: 348:, which enable abstract statements. The Abstract Knowledge team prefers that these are hosted in Wikifunctions. 59: 449: 429: 354:, which consists of abstract calls to Constructors, with values for each slot. These are preferably hosted in 904: 297:
rather than having a completely new language, and that Abstract Knowledge converge on a unified approach to
1351: 1272: 481: 473: 1377: 1293: 989: 298: 1220: 294: 439: 697: 313:, and would also "replicate the trends of an imperialist English-focused Western-thinking industry." 310: 269: 465: 457: 421: 368:
Each version of Knowledge, once Abstract Knowledge is deployed, could choose between three options:
288:
reported on the slow progress of the Abstract Knowledge project. According to an evaluation by four
160: 750: 1135: 37: 662: 84: 1331: 1015: 432:) ) ), Ranking( subject: San Francisco (Q62), rank: 4, object: 1230: 306: 267:
In April 2021, Vrandečić published an overview of the system in the computer science journal
1267: 1225: 1125: 927: 688: 587: 477: 211: 174: 134: 537: 8: 994: 948: 425: 394: 190: 615: 1372: 1325: 1215: 1130: 974: 969: 591: 333: 276: 1250: 1147: 1030: 979: 714: 663:"Abstract Knowledge: Wie das Online-Lexikon eines seiner größten Probleme lösen will" 1090: 778: 751:"Wikimedia Foundation's Abstract Knowledge project "at substantial risk of failure"" 1336: 1240: 1235: 1070: 1035: 964: 722: 706: 562: 194: 1075: 611: 444: 186: 1055: 1045: 1025: 984: 1080: 803: 1366: 1192: 1095: 1060: 1020: 718: 634:""Abstract Knowledge": Neues Projekt soll Wissen in alle Sprachen übersetzen" 417: 317: 178: 828: 726: 1318: 1245: 1085: 1065: 755: 413:
As a preliminary example, content from Abstract Knowledge could look like:
376: 853: 1262: 1182: 1172: 1050: 1040: 999: 461: 387:
would be added in order to enable linking to Abstract Knowledge content.
1187: 1167: 1142: 1100: 896: 453: 341:
The Abstract Knowledge project would consist of three main components:
129: 240:" This has been viewed as a predecessor of Abstract Knowledge proper. 1277: 1257: 1162: 1157: 1120: 469: 182: 710: 26: 1177: 1152: 596: 355: 215: 507:"Wikidata founder floats idea for balanced multilingual Knowledge" 883: 145: 511: 247:
working paper in April 2020, formally proposed in May 2020 (as
244: 590:(8 April 2020). "Architecture for a multilingual Knowledge". 280:
The Abstract Knowledge team at a 2022 offsite in Switzerland
434: 416:
Article( content: [ Instantiation( instance:
301:(NLG) that builds on open source software if possible. 375:
integration with Abstract Knowledge. There would be a
538:"A proposal towards a multilingual Knowledge - Meta" 616:"Abstract Knowledge/June 2020 announcement - Meta" 337:A diagram of the Abstract Knowledge technical plan 1364: 687: 604: 309:could not support certain languages such as the 779:"Abstract Knowledge/Updates/2023-07-26 - Meta" 1342:Artificial intelligence in Wikimedia projects 912: 563:"Abstract Knowledge/Historic proposal - Meta" 262: 235: 181:to create a language-independent version of 320:officially launched to the general public. 919: 905: 159: 776: 595: 586: 535: 205: 111:Learn how and when to remove this message 926: 804:"Abstract Knowledge/Architecture - Meta" 660: 332: 275: 580: 328: 237:Berlin ist die Hauptstadt Deutschlands. 1365: 829:"Abstract Knowledge/Components - Meta" 253:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 47:Please improve this article by adding 900: 748: 498: 854:"Abstract Knowledge/Examples - Meta" 744: 742: 740: 738: 736: 531: 529: 504: 404:integration with Abstract Knowledge. 173:is an in-development project of the 20: 16:Wikimedia project to extend Wikidata 693:"Building a Multilingual Knowledge" 13: 654: 626: 536:Vrandečić, Denny (7 August 2013). 14: 1389: 949:Knowledge community (Wikipedians) 875: 777:Vrandečic, Denny (26 July 2023). 733: 610: 526: 243:Vrandečić proposed it again in a 749:Bayer, Tilman (1 January 2023). 228:Berlin is the capital of Germany 25: 1288:Monkey selfie copyright dispute 846: 821: 796: 770: 222:could be variously expanded by 681: 639:RedaktionsNetzwerk Deutschland 555: 1: 661:Rixecker, Kim (6 July 2020). 491: 49:secondary or tertiary sources 1352:Knowledge for World Heritage 1273:WikiConference North America 505:Hill, Paul (13 April 2020). 7: 1294:Wikimedia Foundation v. NSA 990:Rosie Stephenson-Goodknight 452:), local_constraint: 299:natural language generation 10: 1394: 1221:List of Wikimedia chapters 408: 263:Development (2020–present) 251:). It was approved by the 200: 1310: 1208: 1113: 1008: 957: 941: 934: 698:Communications of the ACM 323: 270:Communications of the ACM 193:abstract statements into 140: 128: 642:(in German). 6 July 2020 1136:Censorship of Knowledge 311:Niger–Congo B languages 191:automatically translate 1332:Wikimedian of the Year 1016:Hampton Lintorn-Catlin 338: 281: 236: 220:{{F12:Q64|Q5519|Q183}} 206:Conception (2013–2020) 36:relies excessively on 460:), after: [ 336: 307:Grammatical Framework 279: 1347:Google and Knowledge 1268:WikiConference India 928:Wikimedia Foundation 329:Technical components 214:, the co-founder of 175:Wikimedia Foundation 135:Wikimedia Foundation 60:"Abstract Knowledge" 484:)] ) ] ) 426:Northern California 154:/Abstract_Wikipedia 125: 1378:Wikimedia projects 1326:Knowledge Monument 1216:Wikimedia movement 1198:Abstract Knowledge 1131:List of Wikipedias 975:Dariusz Jemielniak 970:Lisa Seitz-Gruwell 858:meta.wikimedia.org 833:meta.wikimedia.org 808:meta.wikimedia.org 783:meta.wikimedia.org 620:meta.wikimedia.org 567:meta.wikimedia.org 542:meta.wikimedia.org 339: 282: 257:Abstract Knowledge 210:On 7 August 2013, 171:Abstract Knowledge 124:Abstract Knowledge 123: 1360: 1359: 1148:Wikimedia Commons 1109: 1108: 1031:Florence Devouard 980:Rebecca MacKinnon 316:On 26 July 2023, 284:In January 2023, 177:. It aims to use 168: 167: 121: 120: 113: 95: 1385: 1337:Tides Foundation 1302:Knowledge Engine 1071:Patricio Lorente 1036:Oscar van Dillen 995:Esra'a Al Shafei 965:Maryana Iskander 939: 938: 921: 914: 907: 898: 897: 887: 886: 884:Official website 869: 868: 866: 864: 850: 844: 843: 841: 839: 825: 819: 818: 816: 814: 800: 794: 793: 791: 789: 774: 768: 767: 765: 763: 746: 731: 730: 689:Vrandečić, Denny 685: 679: 678: 676: 674: 658: 652: 651: 649: 647: 630: 624: 623: 612:Maher, Katherine 608: 602: 601: 599: 588:Vrandečić, Denny 584: 578: 577: 575: 573: 559: 553: 552: 550: 548: 533: 524: 523: 521: 519: 502: 447: 437: 386: 381:Special:Abstract 255:in July 2020 as 239: 221: 195:natural language 164: 163: 156: 153: 151: 149: 147: 126: 122: 116: 109: 105: 102: 96: 94: 53: 29: 21: 1393: 1392: 1388: 1387: 1386: 1384: 1383: 1382: 1363: 1362: 1361: 1356: 1306: 1204: 1105: 1076:Katherine Maher 1004: 953: 930: 925: 891:Project updates 882: 881: 878: 873: 872: 862: 860: 852: 851: 847: 837: 835: 827: 826: 822: 812: 810: 802: 801: 797: 787: 785: 775: 771: 761: 759: 747: 734: 711:10.1145/3425778 686: 682: 672: 670: 659: 655: 645: 643: 632: 631: 627: 609: 605: 585: 581: 571: 569: 561: 560: 556: 546: 544: 534: 527: 517: 515: 503: 499: 494: 485: 445:Population size 443: 433: 411: 384: 331: 326: 265: 232:Template:F12/de 224:Template:F12/en 219: 212:Denny Vrandečić 208: 203: 187:structured data 158: 144: 117: 106: 100: 97: 54: 52: 46: 42:primary sources 30: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1391: 1381: 1380: 1375: 1358: 1357: 1355: 1354: 1349: 1344: 1339: 1334: 1329: 1322: 1314: 1312: 1308: 1307: 1305: 1304: 1299: 1298: 1297: 1290: 1280: 1275: 1270: 1265: 1260: 1255: 1254: 1253: 1248: 1243: 1238: 1233: 1228: 1218: 1212: 1210: 1206: 1205: 1203: 1202: 1201: 1200: 1190: 1185: 1180: 1175: 1170: 1165: 1160: 1155: 1150: 1145: 1140: 1139: 1138: 1133: 1128: 1117: 1115: 1111: 1110: 1107: 1106: 1104: 1103: 1098: 1093: 1091:María Sefidari 1088: 1083: 1078: 1073: 1068: 1063: 1058: 1056:Aaron Halfaker 1053: 1048: 1046:Arnnon Geshuri 1043: 1038: 1033: 1028: 1026:Bishakha Datta 1023: 1018: 1012: 1010: 1006: 1005: 1003: 1002: 997: 992: 987: 985:Raju Narisetti 982: 977: 972: 967: 961: 959: 955: 954: 952: 951: 945: 943: 936: 932: 931: 924: 923: 916: 909: 901: 895: 894: 888: 877: 876:External links 874: 871: 870: 845: 820: 795: 769: 732: 691:(April 2021). 680: 653: 625: 603: 579: 554: 525: 496: 495: 493: 490: 415: 410: 407: 406: 405: 399: 388: 366: 365: 359: 349: 330: 327: 325: 322: 290:Google Fellows 264: 261: 207: 204: 202: 199: 166: 165: 142: 138: 137: 132: 119: 118: 33: 31: 24: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1390: 1379: 1376: 1374: 1371: 1370: 1368: 1353: 1350: 1348: 1345: 1343: 1340: 1338: 1335: 1333: 1330: 1328: 1327: 1323: 1321: 1320: 1316: 1315: 1313: 1309: 1303: 1300: 1296: 1295: 1291: 1289: 1286: 1285: 1284: 1281: 1279: 1276: 1274: 1271: 1269: 1266: 1264: 1261: 1259: 1256: 1252: 1249: 1247: 1244: 1242: 1239: 1237: 1234: 1232: 1229: 1227: 1224: 1223: 1222: 1219: 1217: 1214: 1213: 1211: 1207: 1199: 1196: 1195: 1194: 1193:Wikifunctions 1191: 1189: 1186: 1184: 1181: 1179: 1176: 1174: 1171: 1169: 1166: 1164: 1161: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1137: 1134: 1132: 1129: 1127: 1124: 1123: 1122: 1119: 1118: 1116: 1112: 1102: 1099: 1097: 1096:Lila Tretikov 1094: 1092: 1089: 1087: 1084: 1082: 1079: 1077: 1074: 1072: 1069: 1067: 1064: 1062: 1061:James Heilman 1059: 1057: 1054: 1052: 1049: 1047: 1044: 1042: 1039: 1037: 1034: 1032: 1029: 1027: 1024: 1022: 1021:Danese Cooper 1019: 1017: 1014: 1013: 1011: 1007: 1001: 998: 996: 993: 991: 988: 986: 983: 981: 978: 976: 973: 971: 968: 966: 963: 962: 960: 956: 950: 947: 946: 944: 940: 937: 933: 929: 922: 917: 915: 910: 908: 903: 902: 899: 892: 889: 885: 880: 879: 859: 855: 849: 834: 830: 824: 809: 805: 799: 784: 780: 773: 758: 757: 752: 745: 743: 741: 739: 737: 728: 724: 720: 716: 712: 708: 704: 700: 699: 694: 690: 684: 668: 664: 657: 641: 640: 635: 629: 621: 617: 613: 607: 598: 593: 589: 583: 568: 564: 558: 543: 539: 532: 530: 514: 513: 508: 501: 497: 489: 483: 479: 475: 471: 467: 463: 459: 455: 451: 446: 442:), by: 441: 436: 431: 427: 423: 419: 418:San Francisco 414: 403: 400: 396: 392: 389: 382: 378: 374: 371: 370: 369: 363: 360: 357: 353: 350: 347: 344: 343: 342: 335: 321: 319: 318:Wikifunctions 314: 312: 308: 302: 300: 296: 291: 287: 278: 274: 272: 271: 260: 258: 254: 250: 246: 241: 238: 233: 229: 225: 217: 213: 198: 196: 192: 188: 184: 180: 179:Wikifunctions 176: 172: 162: 155: 143: 139: 136: 133: 131: 127: 115: 112: 104: 93: 90: 86: 83: 79: 76: 72: 69: 65: 62: –  61: 57: 56:Find sources: 50: 44: 43: 39: 34:This article 32: 28: 23: 22: 19: 1324: 1319:The Signpost 1317: 1292: 1197: 1086:Larry Sanger 1066:Guy Kawasaki 893:on Meta-Wiki 861:. Retrieved 857: 848: 836:. Retrieved 832: 823: 811:. Retrieved 807: 798: 788:22 September 786:. Retrieved 782: 772: 760:. Retrieved 756:The Signpost 754: 705:(4): 38–41. 702: 696: 683: 671:. Retrieved 667:t3n Magazine 666: 656: 644:. Retrieved 637: 628: 619: 606: 582: 570:. Retrieved 566: 557: 545:. Retrieved 541: 516:. Retrieved 510: 500: 486: 412: 401: 390: 380: 377:special page 372: 367: 361: 351: 346:Constructors 345: 340: 315: 303: 286:The Signpost 285: 283: 268: 266: 256: 248: 242: 231: 227: 223: 209: 170: 169: 130:Developer(s) 107: 98: 88: 81: 74: 67: 55: 35: 18: 1263:Wiki Indaba 1231:Deutschland 1183:Wikiversity 1173:Wikispecies 1081:Erik Möller 1051:Mike Godwin 1041:Sue Gardner 1000:Jimmy Wales 669:(in German) 462:Los Angeles 230:.", and by 101:August 2023 1367:Categories 1283:Litigation 1226:Bangladesh 1188:Wikivoyage 1168:Wikisource 1143:Wiktionary 1101:Luis Villa 727:Q106143058 597:2004.04733 492:References 454:California 249:Wikilambda 185:using its 148:.wikimedia 71:newspapers 38:references 1373:Knowledge 1278:MediaWiki 1258:Wikimania 1163:Wikibooks 1158:Wikiquote 1121:Knowledge 863:14 August 838:14 August 813:14 August 762:14 August 719:0001-0782 572:14 August 547:14 August 470:San Diego 395:mainspace 385:LINK_TO_Q 362:Renderers 183:Knowledge 1178:Wikinews 1153:Wikidata 1114:Projects 942:Projects 723:Wikidata 478:San Jose 450:Q1613416 430:Q1066807 398:article. 391:Explicit 373:Implicit 356:Wikidata 216:Wikidata 1311:Related 1251:Ukraine 1126:history 958:Current 409:Example 379:called 352:Content 201:History 141:Website 85:scholar 1241:Polska 1236:Israel 935:People 725:  717:  673:6 July 646:6 July 518:2 July 512:Neowin 482:Q16553 474:Q16552 324:Design 245:Google 234:into " 226:into " 157:  87:  80:  73:  66:  58:  1209:Other 592:arXiv 305:like 152:/wiki 92:JSTOR 78:books 1009:Past 865:2023 840:2023 815:2023 790:2023 764:2023 715:ISSN 675:2020 648:2020 574:2023 549:2023 520:2020 440:Q515 435:City 197:). 150:.org 146:meta 64:news 707:doi 476:), 468:), 466:Q65 458:Q99 422:Q62 295:Lua 259:. 40:to 1369:: 1246:UK 856:. 831:. 806:. 781:. 753:. 735:^ 721:. 713:. 703:64 701:. 695:. 665:. 636:. 618:. 614:. 565:. 540:. 528:^ 509:. 402:No 273:. 51:. 920:e 913:t 906:v 867:. 842:. 817:. 792:. 766:. 729:. 709:: 677:. 650:. 622:. 600:. 594:: 576:. 551:. 522:. 480:( 472:( 464:( 456:( 448:( 438:( 428:( 420:( 358:. 114:) 108:( 103:) 99:( 89:· 82:· 75:· 68:· 45:.

Index


references
primary sources
secondary or tertiary sources
"Abstract Knowledge"
news
newspapers
books
scholar
JSTOR
Learn how and when to remove this message
Developer(s)
Wikimedia Foundation
meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Abstract_Wikipedia
Edit this on Wikidata
Wikimedia Foundation
Wikifunctions
Knowledge
structured data
automatically translate
natural language
Denny Vrandečić
Wikidata
Google
Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees
Communications of the ACM
The Abstract Knowledge team at a 2022 offsite in Switzerland. Left hand side on the table, from front to back: Ariel Gutman, Ori Livneh, Maria Keet, Sandy Woodruff, Mary Yang, Eunice Moon. At head of table: Rebecca Wambua. Right hand side of the table, from front to back: Olivia Zhang, Denny Vrandečić, Edmund Wright, Dani de Waal, Ali Assaf, James Forrester.
Google Fellows
Lua
natural language generation

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.