210:. James I, who at that time had a small number of troops, ordered fires to be set on the coast facing Manûrqa as to simulate a larger army and thus put more pressure on the Muslims. After a meeting between the Kadī Abû ‘Abd Allah Muhammad, Sa’îd ibn Hakam, the sheiks and three hundred of the principal people of the island, they agreed to become vassals to the new
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and negotiated a new treaty with James I, in which he ruled alone with the title of Ra’îs of Manùrqa. This is believed to be the only time in the history of the island that it was an independent political entity, although tributary to the
Kingdom of Majorca. Under his harsh rule, Manûrqa became an
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became the next and last Ra’îs of Manûrqa. Sa’îd ibn Hakam was also an important
Islamic intellectual figure of the 13th century, learned in Islamic law and medicine, philologist, grammarian and poet. He managed a great library at Madina al Jazira. Some samples of this collection are kept in the
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was signed on 17 June 1231. It was rumoured that Sa’îd ibn Hakam was the real instigator of the treaty with James I, although his role in the text of the treaty was discreet. The treaty gave wide political autonomy to the island and the military protection of the island by the King of
Majorca in
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invaded
Mayurqa, but did not take any action at that moment against Manûrqa. By 1231, the resistance of Mayurqa’s Muslims was finally crushed and James I sent three ambassadors to Manûrqa, Berenguer de Santa Eugenia, Don Assalit de Gudar and Don Pere Maça, to negotiate its submission to the
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Caliph which meant the closing of a vital commercial relationship. This situation brought a critical spiral of internal conflicts and external invasions. Because of the political instability in Al
Andalus, Sa’îd ibn Hakam moved to North Africa, to the cities of
244:) with a council of ministers, secretaries and clan representatives, and a small military force consisting of mercenaries. His political shrewdness allowed for the survival of this Islamic entity while other Muslim territories fell to the Christian Reconquista:
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exchange for the payment of an annual tribute of three thousand quarters of wheat, a hundred cows and five hundred goats or sheep, later adding two “quintals” (hundredweight) of fresh butter and two hundred
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At the death of James I (1276), the Crown of Aragon was split in two: the
Kingdom of Majorca (the Balearic Islands and counties of Roussillon and Cerdagne) went to his son
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Islamic law-abiding structured state. It is said that he executed by beheading those
Muslims found drunk. He constructed a strong political apparatus in
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El tractat de
Capdepera de 17 Juny de 1231 entre Jaume I i Abû 'Abd Allàh Muhammad de Manûrqa. Sobre la funció social i política del fugaha
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Two years later, he planned to return to Al
Andalus, but the situation had worsened, so he was given refuge by the Almohad wali of Medina
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for leave to transport the cattle. Abû ‘Abd Allah
Muhammad was the new ruler of Manûrqa.
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Al Andalus had been in a process of decadence primarily due to the downfall of the
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remained independent, although vassal to the Kingdom of Castille.
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Abû 'Uthmân Sa'îd ibn Hakam, Ra'îs de Manûrqa (631/1234-680/1289)
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In July 1234, Sa’îd ibn Hakam took over power through an armed
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Sa’îd ibn Hakam died in 1282 in Madina al Jazira, and his son
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330:) Tax-collector or Minister of Finances.
248:(1236), his hometown Tavira (1242), and
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109:Abû ‘Uthman Sa’îd ibn Hakam al-Qurashi
20:Abû ‘Uthman Sa’îd ibn Hakam al Qurashi
111:(30 December 1204 – 9 January 1282) (
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267:and the kingdoms of
421:Abû 'Umar ibn Sa'îd
284:Abû 'Umar ibn Sa'îd
275:) to his other son
216:treaty of Capdepera
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449:13th-century poets
439:History of Menorca
358:Moll Mercadal, B.
254:Kingdom of Granada
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418:Succeeded by
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252:(1248). Only the
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319:) Governor.
289:El Escorial
287:library of
433:Categories
346:References
242:Ciutadella
164:Al Andalus
131:Early life
295:Footnotes
201:In 1229,
149:philology
44:1234–1282
40:In office
30:Ra'is of
273:Valencia
240:(modern
194:(Modern
145:Portugal
143:(modern
123:(modern
84:Portugal
341:) Judge
250:Seville
246:Cordoba
221:bezants
196:Majorca
192:Mayurqa
171:Abbasid
157:Almohad
153:Seville
141:Algarve
139:in the
125:Menorca
121:Manûrqa
80:Algarve
32:Manûrqa
355:. 1984
339:Arabic
328:Arabic
317:Arabic
306:Arabic
269:Aragon
214:. The
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160:Caliph
137:Tavira
113:Arabic
76:Tavira
277:Peter
261:James
180:Tunis
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91:Died
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