1517:. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences official website (archived). Retrieved 2017-02-27. "If an achievement has had a definite influence on the advancement of the industry, it may qualify for a Scientific and Engineering Award (a bronze tablet with the name of the award in raised lettering, and a representation of the Oscar statuette in bas relief to one side of the plaque). Affixed to the base is a plate engraved with a description of the achievement and the names of the contributors."
1158:
2593:
25:
137:
in
November 1931, to recognize original developments resulting in significant improvements in motion picture production and exhibition. The Awards are presented at a formal dinner ceremony a couple weeks before the principal Academy Awards ceremony.
1277:
To
Michael Perkins, Gerwin Damberg, Trevor Davies and Martin J. Richards for the design and development of the Christie E3LH Dolby Vision Cinema Projection System, implemented in collaboration between Dolby Cinema and Christie Digital engineering
1188:
The
Scientific and Engineering Award is given for scientific achievements that produce a definite influence on the advancement of the motion picture industry. Achievements need not have been developed and introduced during the award year.
820:
To
Manfred G. Michelson of Technical Film Systems, Incorporated, "for the design and development of the first sprocket-driven film transport system for color print film processors which permits transport speeds in excess of 600 feet per
1267:
To
Charles Q. Robinson, Nicolas Tsingos, Christophe Chabanne, Mark Vinton and the team of software, hardware and implementation engineers of the Cinema Audio Group at Dolby Laboratories for the creation of the Dolby Atmos Cinema Sound
203:
in 1978 the award was originally called the "Class I Scientific and
Technical Award." The award is non-competitive. Winners receive an Oscar statuette. As of 2018, 50 achievements have been recognized with an Award of Merit.
145:. Potential nominations for awards are investigated by a special committee within the Academy, "The Scientific and Technical Awards Committee", which presents a written report and recommendation to the Board of Governors.
970:., "for their continuing development and innovation in the design and manufacturing of advanced camera systems specifically designed for the motion picture entertainment industry"
1075:"for their continuing innovation in the design, development and manufacture of advanced camera lenses that have helped define the look of motion pictures over the last century."
142:
156:, both also considered Honorary Awards, are usually also chosen by the Scientific and Technical Awards Committee and conferred at this annual presentation dinner ceremony.
1243:
To David Baraff, Michael Kass, Andy Witkin for their pioneering work in physically based computer-generated techniques used to simulate realistic cloth in motion pictures.
649:, Cecil D. Love, and AcmeTool and Manufacturing Company "for the concept, engineering, and development of the Acme-Dunn Optical Printer for motion picture special effects"
1018:
To Jean-Marie
Lavalou, Alain Masseron, and David Samuelson "for the engineering and development of the Louma Camera Crane and remote system for motion picture production"
1405:
517:
To Philip V. Palmquist of
Minnesota Mining and Manufacture Co., to Herbert Meyer of the Motion Picture and Television Research Center, and to Charles D. Staffell of the
1917:
1736:
1246:
To
Garrett Brown for the original concept of the Skycam flying camera system - the first use of 3D volumetric cable technology for motion picture cinematography.
42:
1287:
To F. Sebastian
Grassia, Alex Mohr, Sunya Boonyatera, Brett Levin and Jeremy Cowles for the design and engineering of Pixar’s Universal Scene Description (USD).
422:, John R. Bishop, "and all the members of the technical and engineering staff for developing a method of producing and exhibiting motion pictures known as
996:
To Bill Tondreau of Kuper Controls "for his significant advancements in the field of motion picture control technology for motion picture visual effects"
1841:
89:
741:
GmbH Research and Development Department "for the invention and continuing improvement of the Osram HMI light source for motion picture photography"
61:
2629:
1836:
68:
1876:
1856:
1851:
1514:
141:
These awards recognize significant milestones in the development of technology for motion pictures and are conferred by vote of the Academy
1431:
1240:
To Anatoliy Kokush, Oleksiy Zolotarov for the concept and development of the Russian Arm gyro-stabilized camera crane and the Flight Head.
1723:
1617:
1592:
1483:
1475:
1471:
1439:
1427:
802:
of the O'Connor Engineering Laboratories "for the concept and engineering of the fluid-damped camera head for motion picture photography"
126:
75:
1846:
1826:
2044:
1821:
1816:
1891:
1702:
840:
and Paul Vlahos "for the conception and development of the Ultimatte Electronic Blue Screen Compositing Process for motion pictures
57:
1588:
1991:
1831:
1811:
1301:
1281:
To Ken Museth, Peter Cucka and Mihai Aldén for the creation of OpenVDB and its ongoing impact within the motion picture industry.
1271:
To Steve Read and Barry Silverstein for their contributions to the design and development of the IMAX Prismless Laser Projector.
764:"for their continuous contributions to motion picture sound through the research and development programs of Dolby Laboratories"
2049:
1397:
1274:
To Peter Janssens, Goran Stojmenovik and Wouter D’Oosterlinck for the design and development of the Barco RGB Laser Projector.
1037:"for the development of photographic emulsion technologies incorporated into the Kodak Vision2 family of color negative films"
1901:
1881:
1866:
1861:
1169:
2054:
1996:
1886:
1768:
149:
2619:
1871:
384:
of 20th Century Fox-Studios "for creating, developing, and engineering the equipment, processes, and techniques known as
521:"for the development of a successful embodiment of the reflex background projection system for composite cinematography"
688:
2089:
1961:
1951:
1345:
668:. "for the research, development, and introduction of a new Ultra-high-speed color negative film for motion pictures"
108:
445:. "for the development and production of a high efficiency yellow flame carbon for motion picture color photography"
82:
2624:
1956:
1375:
471:
To the Motion Picture Research Council "for the design and development of a high efficiency projection screen for
1796:
1806:
1791:
1660:
1549:
357:
of General Aniline and Film Corporation for the introduction of Ansco color negative and Ansco color print film
46:
877:
To Gunnar P. Michelson "for the engineering and development of an improved, electronic, high-speed, precision
464:
and Westrex Corp. "for developing a method of producing and exhibiting wide-film motion pictures known as the
1731:
2059:
1896:
1801:
1695:
1255:
To Scott Lewallen, for the electronic and software design of the Perfect Horizon camera stabilization head.
573:
To Eastman Kodak Company "for the research and development of a Duplicating Color Film for motion pictures"
1528:
551:
152:, given for "outstanding service and dedication in upholding the high standards of the Academy", and the
1252:
To David Grober, for the concept and mechanical design of the Perfect Horizon camera stabilization head.
1312:
1114:
952:
502:"for the conception and perfection of techniques for Color Traveling Matte Composite Cinematography"
1118:
955:"for the development of a 3D animation, dynamics, modeling, and rendering production tool known as
395:"for designing and developing the multiple photographic and projection systems which culminated in
1398:"The jokes, the scene (oh, and the winners) at the film academy's Scientific and Technical Awards"
1249:
To Laurie Frost, Peter Hannan for the development of the remote camera head known as the Hot-Head.
862:"for the method of filming and exhibiting high-fidelity, large-format, wide-angle motion pictures"
2597:
1773:
1688:
843:
To the Eastman Kodak Company for the development of the Eastman EXR Color Intermediate Film 5244"
442:
35:
2075:
2017:
2001:
1946:
1783:
1284:
To Jaden Oh for the concept and development of the Marvelous Designer clothing creation system.
347:
153:
1487:
1443:
554:
Engineering Staff "under the supervision of John Jurgens for the invention and development of
1743:
1052:
To Franz Kraus. Johannes Steurer, and Wolfgang Riedel "for the design and development of the
927:"for their significant advancements to the field of motion picture rendering exemplified in
799:
783:
technology and the introduction of EXR color negative films which utilize this technology"
8:
2578:
2573:
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2563:
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2533:
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1083:
1064:
1045:
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1004:
978:
944:
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851:
829:
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772:
749:
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510:
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407:
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200:
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2118:
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2108:
2103:
1137:
761:
600:
415:
251:
222:
196:
134:
596:
518:
495:
327:
To Eastman Kodak Company "for the development and introduction of an improved safety
241:
373:
308:. for the design and construction of the 20th Century Silenced Camera, developed by
164:
Innovations in motion pictures technology are recognized with the following awards:
1938:
1763:
859:
696:
472:
305:
267:
1613:
1573:
1234:
1091:
920:
646:
577:
309:
259:
1711:
1649:
1645:
1492:
1448:
1237:
for the concept and development of the Cascade series of motion picture cranes.
1110:
901:
897:
719:
627:
619:
581:
525:
419:
130:
2613:
1675:
1641:
956:
924:
684:
547:
528:
1753:
1748:
1515:
Scientific and Engineering Award (archived from the original on 2008-07-05)
1218:
for the design and development of the Shotmaker Elite camera car and crane.
1136:
To Mark Elendt and SideFX Software for the creation and development of the
1072:
837:
491:
377:
230:
1667:
1341:
1215:
1012:
878:
423:
392:
385:
1671:
1157:
1758:
1470:
1426:
1371:
1011:
To Horst Burbulla "for the invention and continuing development of the
986:
967:
592:
1053:
990:
932:
757:
555:
499:
328:
1672:"Scientific and Engineering Award" and "Technical Achievement Award"
524:
To Eastman Kodak Company "for the development and introduction of a
24:
1553:
665:
396:
289:
for Agfa Supreme and Agfa Ultra Speed pan motion picture negatives
1680:
780:
623:
465:
461:
229:
To Electrical Research Products, Inc., RCA-Photophone, Inc., and
159:
1094:, "for over a century of service to the motion picture industry"
695:, GmbH, "for the concept and engineering of the first operation
630:, to the present Series 20 sophisticated film editing equipment"
817:
To Panavision for the Auto Panatar anamorphic photographic lens
584:, "for the continuing research, design, and development of the
1034:
928:
738:
715:
599:, for the concept, design, and continuous development of the
585:
354:
286:
266:
Sound Department "for the development of a practical two-way
237:
963:
900:., "for the concept, system design, and engineering of the
699:, hand-held, spinning-mirror reflex, motion picture camera"
692:
125:
are three different Honorary Awards that are given by the
989:"for the design, development, and implementation of the
270:
system and a biased Class A push-pull recording system"
312:, Grover Laube, Charles Miller, and Robert W. Stephens
1986:
175:
595:, "and its engineering staff under the direction of
1724:
Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS)
1148:
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1342:"History of the Scientific & Technical Awards"
779:To Eastman Kodak Company "for the development of
346:To Eastman Kodak Company for the introduction of
2611:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1328:
181:
1395:
1374:. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.
1344:. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.
1910:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1295:
737:To Bernard Kuhl, and Werner Block, and to the
160:Three kinds of Scientific and Technical Awards
1696:
1325:
1193:Scientific and Engineering Award Recipients
881:for use in motion picture printing machines"
1618:Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
1593:Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
1484:Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
1472:Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
1440:Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
1428:Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
1359:
133:. The Awards have been presented since the
127:Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
1703:
1689:
1464:
1420:
1389:
718:GmbH "for the research and development of
1644:– Index for these Awards on the official
233:, for noise reduction recording equipment
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
1982:Academy Award of Merit (non-competitive)
622:"for the progressive development of the
236:To Dupont Film Manufacturing Corp., and
58:"Academy Scientific and Technical Award"
1302:Academy Award for Technical Achievement
626:from the 1924 invention of his father,
2630:American science and technology awards
2612:
1614:"The Official Academy Awards Database"
1589:"The Official Academy Awards Database"
1432:"John A. Bonner Medal of Commendation"
1408:from the original on February 20, 2017
582:Nagra Magnetic Recorders, Incorporated
1684:
1396:Josh Rottenberg (February 12, 2017).
601:Panaflex Motion Picture Camera System
1997:John A. Bonner Medal of Commendation
1769:Nicholl Fellowships in Screenwriting
1152:
1090:To all those who built and operated
380:, Lorin Grignon, Herbert Bragg, and
208:Sci-Tech Award of Merit Recipients
150:John A. Bonner Medal of Commendation
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
1981:
1508:
1486:(AMPAS), Oscars.org. Archived from
1442:(AMPAS), Oscars.org. Archived from
1140:visual effects and animation system
169:
13:
1710:
991:ProTools digital audio workstation
172:– an Academy statuette (an Oscar);
14:
2641:
1962:Special Achievement Academy Award
1952:Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award
1642:"Scientific and Technical Awards"
1635:
1526:
964:Arnold & Richter Cine Technik
190:
2592:
2591:
1987:Scientific and Engineering Award
1957:Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award
1156:
1149:Scientific and Engineering Award
176:Scientific and Engineering Award
23:
1661:Official Academy Award Database
1606:
1581:
1529:"Targeting Uninformed Consumer"
1378:from the original on 2017-12-02
1348:from the original on 2017-12-02
762:Dolby Laboratories Incorporated
720:xenon short-arc discharge lamps
586:Nagra Production Sound Recorder
178:– an Academy bronze tablet; and
123:Scientific and Technical Awards
34:needs additional citations for
1578:, IEEE Spectrum, 2 April 2001.
1567:
1542:
1520:
1480:Official Academy Award Website
1436:Official Academy Award Website
1115:digital micromirror technology
722:for motion picture projection"
1:
1318:
666:Fuji Film Photo Company, Ltd
350:and Eastman color print film
7:
1992:Technical Achievement Award
1306:
1296:Technical Achievement Award
1214:To William L. Fredrick and
904:for motion picture editing"
552:Cinema Products Corporation
182:Technical Achievement Award
10:
2646:
2620:Awards established in 1931
1842:International Feature Film
1313:List of engineering awards
1299:
306:20th Century-Fox Film Corp
129:(AMPAS) during the annual
2587:
2088:
2068:
2037:
2030:
2010:
1970:
1937:
1930:
1782:
1718:
1372:"About (Sci-Tech Awards)"
1015:telescoping camera crane"
184:– an Academy certificate.
1837:Documentary Feature Film
1668:"Academy Award of Merit"
1575:And the Oscar goes to...
1476:"Gordon E. Sawyer Award"
593:Panavision, Incorporated
231:RKO Radio Pictures, Inc.
2625:Honorary Academy Awards
2095:(years of film release)
1674:– Description of these
416:Paramount Pictures, Inc
2076:Academy Juvenile Award
2002:Gordon E. Sawyer Award
1947:Academy Honorary Award
1877:Makeup and Hairstyling
1857:Live Action Short Film
1852:Documentary Short Film
1737:most wins per ceremony
1113:"for the invention of
348:Eastman color negative
287:Agfa Ansco Corporation
154:Gordon E. Sawyer Award
2018:Student Academy Award
1744:Academy Aperture 2025
1035:Eastman Kodak Company
238:Eastman Kodak Company
131:Academy Awards season
1974:and Technical Awards
1073:Cooke Optics Limited
898:Avid Technology, Inc
693:Arnold & Richter
597:Robert E. Gottschalk
588:for Motion Pictures"
531:for motion pictures"
331:motion picture film"
240:for super-sensitive
199:in 1931 through the
43:improve this article
1847:Animated Short Film
1827:Original Screenplay
1194:
376:and Earl Sponable,
355:Ansco Film Division
209:
201:50th Academy Awards
16:Film industry honor
2045:Assistant Director
1972:Academy Scientific
1822:Adapted Screenplay
1817:Supporting Actress
1192:
1168:. You can help by
1121:cinema projection"
902:Avid Film Composer
760:and Ioan Allen of
714:To Kurt Larche of
443:National Carbon Co
207:
197:4th Academy Awards
148:Additionally, the
143:Board of Governors
135:4th Academy Awards
2607:
2606:
2084:
2083:
2026:
2025:
1926:
1925:
1892:Production Design
1497:on 20 August 2008
1402:Los Angeles Times
1293:
1292:
1186:
1185:
1146:
1145:
1092:film laboratories
800:Chadwell O’Connor
529:intermediate film
519:Rank Organization
496:Wadsworth E. Pohl
473:drive-in theaters
242:panchromatic film
119:
118:
111:
93:
2637:
2595:
2594:
2097:
2096:
2035:
2034:
1939:Governors Awards
1935:
1934:
1908:
1907:
1832:Animated Feature
1812:Supporting Actor
1764:Governors Awards
1705:
1698:
1691:
1682:
1681:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1601:
1599:
1585:
1579:
1571:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1561:
1552:. Archived from
1550:"AMPAS database"
1546:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1524:
1518:
1512:
1506:
1505:
1503:
1502:
1496:
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1413:
1393:
1387:
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1383:
1368:
1357:
1356:
1354:
1353:
1338:
1195:
1191:
1181:
1178:
1160:
1153:
860:IMAX Corporation
210:
206:
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
2645:
2644:
2640:
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2636:
2635:
2634:
2610:
2609:
2608:
2603:
2583:
2094:
2093:
2092:
2080:
2064:
2050:Dance Direction
2022:
2006:
1973:
1966:
1922:
1911:Proposed awards
1906:
1784:Awards of Merit
1778:
1714:
1709:
1638:
1633:
1632:
1622:
1620:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1597:
1595:
1587:
1586:
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1572:
1568:
1559:
1557:
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1533:
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1456:
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1425:
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1411:
1409:
1394:
1390:
1381:
1379:
1370:
1369:
1360:
1351:
1349:
1340:
1339:
1326:
1321:
1309:
1304:
1298:
1235:Anatoliy Kokush
1182:
1176:
1173:
1166:needs expansion
1151:
968:Panavision, Inc
953:Alias/Wavefront
921:Loren Carpenter
647:Linwood G. Dunn
578:Stefan Kudelski
260:Douglas Shearer
193:
162:
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2111:
2106:
2100:
2098:
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2085:
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2079:
2078:
2072:
2070:
2069:Special Awards
2066:
2065:
2063:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2041:
2039:
2032:
2028:
2027:
2024:
2023:
2021:
2020:
2014:
2012:
2011:Student Awards
2008:
2007:
2005:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1978:
1976:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1943:
1941:
1932:
1931:Special awards
1928:
1927:
1924:
1923:
1921:
1920:
1914:
1912:
1905:
1904:
1902:Visual Effects
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1882:Original Score
1879:
1874:
1869:
1867:Costume Design
1864:
1862:Cinematography
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
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1814:
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1799:
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1728:
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1719:
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1715:
1712:Academy Awards
1708:
1707:
1700:
1693:
1685:
1679:
1678:
1676:Academy Awards
1665:
1664:– Searchable.
1657:
1650:Academy Awards
1637:
1636:External links
1634:
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2031:Former awards
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1887:Original Song
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1556:on 2009-02-27
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1527:Bolat, Jeff.
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1201:Recipient(s)
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1177:December 2022
1171:
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1164:This section
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548:Garrett Brown
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462:Todd-AO Corp.
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382:Carl Faulkner
379:
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372:To Professor
371:
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216:Recipient(s)
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60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
2596:
2038:Merit Awards
1971:
1918:Popular Film
1872:Film Editing
1754:Oscar speech
1749:Oscar season
1722:
1659:
1653:
1648:site of the
1621:. Retrieved
1608:
1596:. Retrieved
1583:
1574:
1569:
1558:. Retrieved
1554:the original
1544:
1532:. Retrieved
1522:
1510:
1499:. Retrieved
1488:the original
1479:
1466:
1455:. Retrieved
1444:the original
1435:
1422:
1412:February 20,
1410:. Retrieved
1401:
1391:
1380:. Retrieved
1350:. Retrieved
1262:2024 (96th)
1187:
1174:
1170:adding to it
1165:
931:
838:Petro Vlahos
492:Petro Vlahos
310:Daniel Clark
194:
187:
163:
147:
140:
122:
120:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1216:Hal Needham
1117:as used in
1013:Technocrane
879:light valve
424:VistaVision
393:Fred Waller
386:CinemaScope
378:Sol Halprin
99:August 2008
2614:Categories
2090:Ceremonies
1759:Oscar bait
1654:oscars.org
1623:4 December
1560:2015-03-05
1501:2008-08-01
1457:2008-08-01
1382:2017-02-27
1352:2017-03-03
1319:References
987:Digidesign
925:Ed Catmull
264:MGM Studio
221:1930/1931
69:newspapers
1054:ARRILASER
933:Renderman
758:Ray Dolby
556:Steadicam
500:Ub Iwerks
195:From the
2598:Category
1797:Director
1774:Pre-show
1406:Archived
1376:Archived
1346:Archived
1307:See also
550:and the
397:Cinerama
262:and the
168:Academy
2564:2020/21
2129:1932/33
2124:1931/32
2119:1930/31
2114:1929/30
2109:1928/29
2104:1927/28
1807:Actress
1792:Picture
1732:Records
1598:May 19,
1268:System.
1138:Houdini
1033:To the
929:Pixar’s
821:minute"
781:T-Grain
624:Moviola
468:system"
466:Todd-AO
460:To the
441:To the
83:scholar
1534:12 May
1278:teams.
1227:(78th)
1208:(59th)
1130:(90th)
1103:(87th)
1084:(86th)
1065:(85th)
1046:(84th)
1027:(80th)
1005:(77th)
979:(76th)
945:(75th)
923:, and
913:(73rd)
890:(71st)
871:(70th)
852:(69th)
830:(67th)
811:(66th)
792:(65th)
773:(63rd)
750:(61st)
731:(60th)
708:(56th)
677:(55th)
658:(54th)
639:(53rd)
612:(52nd)
567:(51st)
540:(50th)
511:(41st)
498:, and
484:(37th)
454:(30th)
435:(28th)
408:(27th)
366:(26th)
340:(25th)
321:(22nd)
298:(13th)
279:(10th)
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
2060:Story
1897:Sound
1802:Actor
1225:2005
1206:1986
1198:Year
1128:2017
1101:2014
1082:2013
1063:2012
1044:2011
1025:2007
1003:2004
977:2003
943:2002
911:2000
888:1998
869:1997
850:1996
828:1994
809:1993
790:1992
771:1990
748:1988
739:Osram
729:1987
716:Osram
706:1983
675:1982
656:1981
637:1980
610:1979
565:1978
538:1977
509:1968
482:1964
452:1957
433:1955
406:1954
364:1953
338:1952
319:1949
296:1940
277:1937
252:(9th)
250:1936
223:(4th)
213:Year
90:JSTOR
76:books
2579:2023
2574:2022
2569:2021
2559:2019
2554:2018
2549:2017
2544:2016
2539:2015
2534:2014
2529:2013
2524:2012
2519:2011
2514:2010
2509:2009
2504:2008
2499:2007
2494:2006
2489:2005
2484:2004
2479:2003
2474:2002
2469:2001
2464:2000
2459:1999
2454:1998
2449:1997
2444:1996
2439:1995
2434:1994
2429:1993
2424:1992
2419:1991
2414:1990
2409:1989
2404:1988
2399:1987
2394:1986
2389:1985
2384:1984
2379:1983
2374:1982
2369:1981
2364:1980
2359:1979
2354:1978
2349:1977
2344:1976
2339:1975
2334:1974
2329:1973
2324:1972
2319:1971
2314:1970
2309:1969
2304:1968
2299:1967
2294:1966
2289:1965
2284:1964
2279:1963
2274:1962
2269:1961
2264:1960
2259:1959
2254:1958
2249:1957
2244:1956
2239:1955
2234:1954
2229:1953
2224:1952
2219:1951
2214:1950
2209:1949
2204:1948
2199:1947
2194:1946
2189:1945
2184:1944
2179:1943
2174:1942
2169:1941
2164:1940
2159:1939
2154:1938
2149:1937
2144:1936
2139:1935
2134:1934
1625:2022
1600:2023
1536:2021
1414:2017
966:and
957:Maya
697:35mm
687:and
329:base
268:horn
121:The
62:news
1646:Web
1493:Web
1449:Web
1233:To
1172:.
1119:DLP
1109:To
1071:To
985:To
962:To
951:To
896:To
858:To
836:To
798:To
756:To
691:of
683:To
664:To
645:To
618:To
591:To
580:of
576:To
546:To
490:To
418:.,
414:To
391:To
353:To
304:To
285:To
258:To
45:by
2616::
1670:,
1656:).
1616:.
1591:.
1482:.
1478:.
1474:.
1438:.
1434:.
1430:.
1404:.
1400:.
1361:^
1327:^
936:"
494:,
1704:e
1697:t
1690:v
1652:(
1627:.
1602:.
1563:.
1538:.
1504:.
1495:)
1491:(
1460:.
1451:)
1447:(
1416:.
1385:.
1355:.
1179:)
1175:(
993:"
959:"
603:"
558:"
475:"
426:"
399:"
388:"
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
