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tenets of
Western music theory. However, as Gerhard Kubik points out, performers of African popular music do not necessarily perceive these progressions in the same way: "The harmonic cycle of C-F-G-F prominent in Congo/Zaire popular music simply cannot be defined as a progression from tonic to subdominant to dominant and back to subdominant (on which it ends) because in the performer's appreciation they are of equal status, and not in any hierarchical order as in Western music."
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438:, that provided the major and enduring influences—the ones that went deeper than earlier imitation or passing fashion. The Cuban connection began very early and was to last at least twenty years, being gradually absorbed and re-Africanized." The re-working of Afro-Cuban rhythmic patterns by Africans brings the rhythms full circle.
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The re-working of the harmonic patterns reveals a striking difference in perception. The I, IV, V, IV, harmonic progression, commonly used in Cuban music, is heard in pop music all across the
African continent, thanks to the influence of Cuban music. Those chords move in accordance with the basic
506:
According to Lise Waxer: "African salsa points not so much to a return of salsa to
African soil (Steward 1999: 157) but to a complex process of cultural appropriation between two regions of the so-called Third World." Since the mid-1990s African artists have also been very active through the
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to electric guitars, and gave them their own regional flavor. The guitar-based music gradually spread out from the Congo, increasingly taking on local sensibilities. This process eventually resulted in the establishment of several different distinct regional genres, such as
393:, a powerful radio station based in Léopoldville (now Kinshasa DRC). A proliferation of music clubs, recording studios, and concert appearances of Cuban bands in Léopoldville spurred on the Cuban music trend during the late 1940s and 1950s."
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bands started doing Cuban covers and singing the lyrics phonetically. Soon, they were creating their own original Cuban-like compositions, with French lyrics. The
Congolese called this new music
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Cuban popular music played a major role in the development of many contemporary genres of
African popular music. John Storm Roberts states: "It was the Cuban connection, but increasingly also
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derive, of varying degrees, musical traditions from Africa cultured to the
Americas, by enslaved Africans. These rhythms and sounds have subsequently been adapted by newer genres like
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389:"Beginning in the 1940s, Afro-Cuban groups such as Septeto Habanero and Trio Matamoros gained widespread popularity in the Congo region as a result of airplay over
300:, is vast and varied. Most contemporary genres of western popular music build on cross-pollination with traditional African American and African popular music. Many
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since the mid-twentieth century. It was Cuban music, more than any other, that provided the initial template for
Afropop. To the Africans,
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If the information is appropriate for the lead of the article, this information should also be included in the body of the article.
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487:. Local genres were already well established by this time. Even so, salsa caught on in many African countries, especially in the
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523:. It is still common today for an African artist to record a salsa tune, and add their own particular regional touch to it.
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plays in a basic salsa style with congas and timbales, but with the addition of Wolof and
Mandinka instruments and lyrics.
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techniques. The term does not refer to a specific style or sound but is used as a general term for
African popular music.
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Nigerian musician Segun
Bucknor: "Latin American music and our music is virtually the same"—quoted by Collins 1992 p. 62
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is one of the African female artists who revolutionized African music with her unique blend of rhythms.
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Conteh, Mankaprr; Makinde, Tami; Miya, Madzadza; Saraki, Seni; Wangeci, Tela (28 December 2022).
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in the UK). The Zairean appearance occurred at a music festival held in conjunction with the
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The largest wave of Cuban-based music to hit Africa was in the form of salsa. In 1974 the
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1269:"AfroJazz Fest will showcase African, Caribbean cultures at annual Milton event"
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1184:(in French). Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. 23 September 2014
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Situating Salsa: Global Markets and Local Meanings in Latin Popular Music
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contains information that is not included elsewhere in the article
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African popular music (a historical review of sub-Saharan Africa)
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AfroPoP: The Ultimate Cultural Exchange, ‧Documentary,15 seasons
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404:, although it was really based on the son. The Africans adapted
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1080:"With The Traditional And The Exotic, Africa Invigorates Pop"
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Afropop! An Illustrated Guide to Contemporary African Music
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1180:[Music: 20 years later… why not Abeti Masikini?].
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Afro-Cuban Comes Home: The Birth and Growth of Congo Music
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Afro-Cuban Comes Home: The Birth and Growth of Congo Music
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984:".POP MUSIC; The Rise and Rise Of Irresistible Afropop"
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1178:"Musique: 20 ans après… pourquoi pas Abeti Masikini?"
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nightspot in the 1950s to 1960s. The Senegalese band
18:"Afropop" redirects here. For the radio program, see
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146:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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1159:. Jackson, MS: University Press of Mississippi.
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1391:Ade-Peter, Dennis; Oloworekende, Wale (2021).
960:List of musical genres of the African diaspora
2159:
1528:
252:pictured in 1941- most famed for their song "
1359:
59:Learn how and when to remove these messages
2166:
2152:
1535:
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1204:African Rock: The Pop Music of a Continent
1362:"Kilalaky: The Dance Craze of Madagascar"
1300:"MHD and France's "Afro Trap" Phenomenon"
531:Genres of African popular music include:
224:Learn how and when to remove this message
206:Learn how and when to remove this message
104:Learn how and when to remove this message
1493:live on Ce soir à Cannes, 18 May 1963 -
1238:"The 10 Best 'African Trap Music' Songs"
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495:. Cuban music had been the favorite of
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1133:. Original Music cassette tape (1986).
250:Solomon Linda's Original Evening Birds
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1403:from the original on 2 September 2021
1372:from the original on 22 February 2018
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1056:from the original on 28 December 2022
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889:(aka Congo, Lingala or African rumba)
1279:from the original on 4 December 2023
1025:from the original on 8 December 2021
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144:adding citations to reliable sources
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24:
1393:"Sounds From This Side: Street Pop"
1341:from the original on 9 October 2019
1310:from the original on 1 January 2018
1046:"The 40 Best Afropop Songs of 2022"
13:
1419:
1248:from the original on 17 April 2018
14:
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1267:Allen, Jeffery (14 August 2023).
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40:This article has multiple issues.
1090:from the original on 24 May 2015
1013:Collins, Professor John (2002).
994:from the original on 26 May 2015
466:Democratic Republic of the Congo
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29:
1461:Afrobeats: All you need to know
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1118:The Encyclopedia of Africa v. 1
383:The Encyclopedia of Africa v. 1
131:needs additional citations for
48:or discuss these issues on the
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945:African-American popular music
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1509:- ( Black Public Media, 2008)
982:Braun, Ken (9 January 1994).
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955:Music of the African diaspora
352:Influence of Afro-Cuban music
2296:Contemporary Christian music
1474:ReMastered: The Lion's Share
7:
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1432:. (Book Sales August 1995)
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1453:- Professor John Collins,
373:music has been popular in
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940:African traditional music
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298:African traditional music
1236:Mhabela, Sabelo (2017).
1202:Stapleton 1990 116-117.
1015:"African Popular Music"
485:heavyweight title fight
302:genres in popular music
270:The Lion Sleeps Tonight
155:"African popular music"
3017:Popular music pedagogy
2093:Sudanese popular music
1142:Roberts 1986. 20: 50.
833:Sudanese popular music
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3092:African popular music
3022:Rockism and poptimism
1545:African popular music
1455:University of Alberta
1428:by Sean Barlow &
1329:Zeeman, Kyle (2019).
1129:Roberts, John Storm.
1019:University of Alberta
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419:
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278:African popular music
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3012:Pop music automation
1503:(Spiked Candy, 2020)
1360:Okay Africa (2014).
1298:Konan, Aude (2016).
1157:Africa and the Blues
464:(known today as the
424:group performing in
140:improve this article
3002:Honorific nicknames
2249:Paisley Underground
1713:African heavy metal
1206:. New York: Dutton.
1155:Kubik 1999 p. 105.
546:African trap music
537:African heavy metal
2217:Adult contemporary
1215:Waxer 2002 p. 12.
1182:www.mediacongo.net
1084:The New York Times
988:The New York Times
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375:Sub-Saharan Africa
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258:" , the origin of
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3061:Verse–chorus form
3007:Music and fashion
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2666:Hong Kong English
2512:Regional variants
2182:Stylistic origins
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1446:978-0-7858-0443-7
391:Radio Congo Belge
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20:Afropop Worldwide
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1479:official trailer
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2004:Muziki wa dansi
1867:Burger-highlife
1827:Congolese rumba
1681:Nigerian reggae
1568:African hip hop
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1078:(13 May 1984).
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422:Congolese rumba
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1556:African blues
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1219:. Routledge.
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730:Igbo highlife
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513:Ricardo Lemvo
510:
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474:Salsa Madness
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460:performed in
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280:(also styled
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261:The Lion King
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157: –
156:
152:
151:Find sources:
145:
141:
135:
134:
129:This article
127:
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97:
85:
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52:
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36:
27:
26:
21:
16:
3066:Virtual band
3037:Talent agent
2547:The Americas
2525:
2456:Sophisti-pop
2350:Experimental
2051:Santé engagé
1994:Moroccan pop
1909:Kadongo Kamu
1889:Isicathamiya
1832:Coupé-décalé
1691:Zimdancehall
1561:desert blues
1544:
1498:
1495:Qongqothwane
1494:
1472:
1430:Banning Eyre
1425:
1405:. Retrieved
1396:
1386:
1374:. Retrieved
1365:
1355:
1343:. Retrieved
1334:
1324:
1312:. Retrieved
1303:
1293:
1281:. Retrieved
1272:
1262:
1250:. Retrieved
1241:
1231:
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1211:
1203:
1198:
1186:. Retrieved
1181:
1172:
1156:
1151:
1143:
1138:
1130:
1125:
1117:
1113:
1104:
1092:. Retrieved
1083:
1076:Pareles, Jon
1070:
1058:. Retrieved
1049:
1039:
1027:. Retrieved
1018:
1008:
996:. Retrieved
987:
735:Isicathamiya
675:Coupé-Décalé
650:(aka Kapuka)
530:
507:super-group
505:
478:Muhammad Ali
473:
469:
455:
440:
430:
426:Léopoldville
401:
396:
388:
382:
369:
366:Afro (genre)
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
276:
268:
259:
254:
246:choral vocal
242:isicathamiya
220:
202:
193:
183:
176:
169:
162:
150:
138:Please help
133:verification
130:
100:
91:
82:lead section
80:
56:
49:
43:
42:Please help
39:
15:
2986:Teenybopper
2981:Sasaeng fan
2976:Bobby soxer
2730:Kazakhstani
2723:Shibuya-kei
2659:Chinoiserie
2612:Azerbaijani
2498:Traditional
2446:Psychedelic
2441:Progressive
2306:Bro-country
2244:Alternative
2227:Quiet storm
1740:Ambasse bey
1657:Zenji flava
1652:Bongo Flava
1366:Okay Africa
1345:15 December
1304:Okay Africa
1242:Okay Africa
1188:12 December
1060:27 November
1029:27 November
695:Gnawa music
642:Bongo Flava
558:Afro fusion
521:Salif Keita
294:African pop
196:August 2019
94:August 2019
3086:Categories
3054:Girl group
3027:Songwriter
2885:Macedonian
2858:French pop
2819:Turbo-folk
2775:Vietnamese
2765:Philippine
2693:Indonesian
2481:Electropop
2392:Orchestral
2365:Hypnagogic
2340:Disco polo
2118:Ziglibithy
1964:Marrabenta
1949:Mahraganat
1812:Chimurenga
1669:Zimbabwean
1635:Senegalese
1543:Genres of
1407:14 January
1376:4 December
1335:Times Live
1314:4 December
1283:4 December
1252:4 December
966:References
950:Mory Kanté
893:Street pop
793:Marrabenta
685:Fuji music
680:Ethio-jazz
660:Chimurenga
553:Afro house
489:Senegambia
385:. states:
364:See also:
166:newspapers
45:improve it
3071:Worldbeat
3044:Teen idol
2971:Celebrity
2951:Ukrainian
2944:VIA music
2875:Hungarian
2848:Eurodance
2836:Nederbeat
2791:Austropop
2760:Pakistani
2755:Malaysian
2713:Kayōkyoku
2586:Nueva ola
2559:Argentine
2531:Afrobeats
2486:Futurepop
2476:Synth-pop
2461:Space age
2424:Pop metal
2333:Freestyle
2323:Dancehall
2286:Bubblegum
2222:Christian
2175:Pop music
2108:Wassoulou
2024:Palm-wine
1914:Kidandali
1822:Coladeira
1790:Cape jazz
1775:Bend-skin
1765:Bantowbol
1725:Afro-soul
1708:Afro-rock
1703:Afrobeats
1647:Tanzanian
1620:Mauritian
848:Palm-wine
783:Malipenga
750:Kalindula
665:Coladeira
655:Cape Jazz
597:Afro-soul
592:Afro rock
588:Afro rave
585:Afro trap
581:Afro tech
576:Afrobeats
567:Afro jazz
548:(aka ATM)
517:Ismael Lo
509:Africando
497:Senegal's
398:Congolese
51:talk page
3049:Boy band
2914:Schlager
2897:Romanian
2703:Japanese
2686:Hindutva
2637:Mandopop
2622:Cantopop
2607:Assyrian
2574:Tropipop
2554:American
2536:Moroccan
2466:Sunshine
2429:Pop-punk
2409:Pop rock
2387:Operatic
2360:Hyperpop
2232:Rhythmic
2009:Ndombolo
1999:Motswako
1979:Mbaqanga
1862:Highlife
1837:Edo Funk
1805:Moroccan
1800:Algerian
1760:Bajourou
1735:Amapiano
1698:Afrobeat
1664:Togolese
1630:Nigerien
1625:Nigerian
1615:Moroccan
1610:Malawian
1583:Ghanaian
1573:Algerian
1401:Archived
1370:Archived
1339:Archived
1308:Archived
1277:Archived
1246:Archived
1088:Archived
1054:Archived
1023:Archived
992:Archived
934:See also
838:Ndombolo
818:Motswako
803:Mbaqanga
754:Kilalaky
715:Highlife
705:Gengeton
602:Amapiano
563:Afrobeat
433:New York
296:), like
290:Afro pop
286:Afro-pop
267:s song "
2929:Turkish
2924:Swedish
2919:Serbian
2909:Russian
2890:Čalgija
2880:Italian
2853:Europop
2841:New pop
2826:British
2814:Tallava
2734:Korean
2718:Ryūkōka
2698:Iranian
2676:Bhangra
2632:Hokkien
2617:Chinese
2579:Mexican
2404:Pop rap
2397:Baroque
2301:Country
2291:Chamber
2256:Ambient
2133:Zouglou
2128:Zoblazo
2103:Tabanka
2088:Soukous
2083:Singeli
2034:Raï'n'B
2019:Odi Pop
1954:Makossa
1944:Madiaba
1919:Kizomba
1884:Hiplife
1785:Bikutsi
1770:Batuque
1718:Zamrock
1588:Ivorian
1578:Gambian
1485:, 2019)
1483:Netflix
1094:7 April
998:7 April
922:Zouglou
907:Tsapiky
897:Sungura
886:Soukous
778:Makossa
758:Kizomba
725:Hiplife
632:Bikutsi
622:Batuque
411:soukous
406:guajeos
342:R&B
338:hip-hop
282:Afropop
180:scholar
2939:Soviet
2902:Manele
2809:Manele
2799:Chalga
2784:Europe
2671:Indian
2649:Xinyao
2642:French
2602:Arabic
2526:Africa
2519:Africa
2419:Jangle
2318:Cringe
2311:Cowboy
2209:Styles
2098:Taarab
2073:Shaabi
2061:Seggae
2046:Salegy
2041:Sakara
1974:Mbalax
1969:Maloya
1959:Marabi
1939:Logobi
1929:Kwaito
1924:Kuduro
1847:Funaná
1795:Chaabi
1755:Azonto
1750:Assiko
1686:Seggae
1598:Boomba
1593:Kenyan
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902:Taarab
866:Salegy
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828:Pandza
823:Museve
798:Mbalax
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2738:North
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2569:Latin
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2471:Swamp
2434:Power
2370:Indie
2345:Dream
2328:Dance
2271:Beach
2266:Avant
2237:Urban
2113:Zaley
2068:Semba
2014:Njuup
1989:Morna
1984:Mbube
1934:Kwela
1894:Jaiva
1879:Hipco
1852:Gnawa
1780:Benga
1745:Apala
1603:Genge
876:Semba
843:Ogene
813:Morna
808:Mbube
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720:Hipco
700:Genge
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607:Apala
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371:Cuban
334:rumba
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2276:Beat
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1730:Alté
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1378:2023
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2261:Art
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