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transgressive. In this framework, the Śaiva Siddhānta agamas (which can be subdivided into 10 Śaiva and 18 Rudra āgamas, arranged into a common list of 28 āgamas below) feature on the dualistic, Śiva-centered, and non-transgressive side. In the middle falls the 64 Bhairava agamas (which can be subdivided into the Amṛteśvara and
Mantrapīṭha). And, on the most non-dualistic, Śakti-centered, and transgressive side are the Vidyapīṭha tantras (including the Yāmalas, Trika, and Kālīkula). In this way, the Shakta Agamas are inextricably related to the Shaiva Agamas, with their respective focus on Shakti with Shiva in Shakta Tantra and on Shiva in Shaiva texts. DasGupta states that the Shiva and Shakti are "two aspects of the same truth – static and dynamic, transcendent and immanent, male and female", and neither is real without the other, Shiva's dynamic power is Shakti and she has no existence without him, she is the highest truth and he the manifested essence.
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1428:(literally, energy and power) concept is found in the Vedic literature, but it flowers into extensive textual details only in the Shakta Agamas. These texts emphasize the feminine as the creative aspect of a male divinity, cosmogonic power and all pervasive divine essence. The theosophy, states Rita Sherma, presents the masculine and feminine principle in a "state of primordial, transcendent, blissful unity". The feminine is the will, the knowing and the activity, she is not only the matrix of creation, she is creation. Unified with the male principle, in these Hindu sect's Tantra texts, the female is the Absolute.
3325:
1191:, states Dhavamony, while the Agamas are sacred texts of specific sects of Hinduism. The surviving Vedic literature can be traced to the 1st millennium BCE and earlier, while the surviving Agamas can be traced to 1st millennium of the common era. The Vedic literature, in Shaivism, is primary and general, while Agamas are special treatise. In terms of philosophy and spiritual precepts, no Agama that goes against the Vedic literature, states Dhavamony, will be acceptable to the Shaivas. Similarly, the Vaishnavas treat the Vedas along with the
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1070:) describing the quality requirements of the places where temples are to be built, the kind of images to be installed, the materials from which they are to be made, their dimensions, proportions, air circulation, lighting in the temple complex, etc. The Manasara and Silpasara are some of the works dealing with these rules. The rituals followed in worship services each day at the temple also follow rules laid out in the Agamas.
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Amṛteśvara set of agamas and the
Svacchanda Tantra of the Mantrapīṭha set of agamas. Both were commented upon freely by Kashmiri Shaiva exegetes, like Kṣemarāja and continue to have practical importance to this day. From the Shakta tantras, Kashmir Shaivism draws primarily on Trika texts, primarily Mālinīvijayottara, as well as the Siddhayogeśvarīmata, Tantrasadbhāva, Parātrīśikā, and
1349:
agamas have been translated and published by the
Himalayan Academy. The Shaiva Siddhanta also relies on four agamas that do not figure into this canonical list of 28 (the Kālottara, Mataṅga-pārameśvara, Mṛgendra, and Sarvajñānottara) along with two pratiṣṭhā-tantras (Mayasaṅgraha and Mohacūḍottara). The writings of
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from a single divine being to a recipient at a single place and time. This format is significant as it instead portrays spiritual insight as always ongoing, an eternal and dynamic conversation which seekers can enter into with the right cultivation of awareness. Agamas, states
Rajeshwari Ghose, teach
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The 13 Adhikaras authored by Bhrigu are khilatantra, purātantra, vāsādhikāra, citrādhikāra, mānādhikāra, kriyādhikāra, arcanādhikāra, yajnādhikāra, varṇādhikāra, prakīrnṇādhikāra, pratigrṛhyādhikāra, niruktādhikāra, khilādhikāra. However, ānanda saṃhitā attributes ten works to Bhrigu, namely, khila,
1348:
philosophy in Tamil-speaking regions of South India, which likely had origins in the North Indian region of the
Kashmir Valley. Of the 28 agamas, the Pārameśa, Niśvāsa, Svāyambhuva, Raurava, Kiraṇa, and Par/Saurabheya all have surviving copies that are demonstrably pre-twelfth century. Many of these
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The 8 Samhitas authored by
Mareechi are Jaya saṃhitā, Ananda saṃhitā, Saṃjnāna saṃhitā, Vīra saṃhitā, Vijaya saṃhitā, Vijita saṃhitā, Vimala saṃhitā, Jnāna saṃhitā. However, ānanda saṃhitā attributes the following works to Marichi—jaya saṃhitā, ānanda saṃhitā, saṃjnāna saṃhitā, vīra saṃhitā, vijaya
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as a means of worship. Symbols, icons and temples are a necessary part of the Agamic practice, while non-theistic paths are alternative means of Vedic practice. Action and will drive Agama precepts, while knowledge is salvation in Vedic precepts. This, however, does not necessarily mean that Agamas
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Agama literally means "tradition", and refers to precepts and doctrines that have come down as tradition. Agama, states
Dhavamony, is also a "generic name of religious texts which are at the basis of Hinduism". Other terms used for these texts can include saṃhitā (“collection”), sūtra (“aphorism”),
1164:
in
Vaishnavism). The texts differ in the relation between the two. Some assert the dualistic philosophy of the individual soul and Ultimate Reality being different, while others state a Oneness between the two. Kashmir Shaiva Agamas posit absolute oneness, that is God (Shiva) is within man, God is
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schools. The term literally means tradition or "that which has come down", and the Agama texts describe cosmology, epistemology, philosophical doctrines, precepts on meditation and practices, four kinds of yoga, mantras, temple construction, deity worship and ways to attain sixfold desires. These
1448:
The Shakta tantras, each of which emphasize a different goddess, developed into several transmissions (āmnāyas), which, in turn, are connected symbolically with one of the four, five, or six directional faces of Shiva, depending on the text being consulted. When counted in four directions, these
1224:
There are multiple frameworks for organizing the agamas. One of which, building on distinctions introduced by
Abhinavagupta, places the Shaiva and Shakta agamas on a continuum from those that are dualistic, Śiva-centered, and non-transgressive to those that are non-dualistic, Śakti-centered, and
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Scholars from both schools have written treatises ranging from dualism to monism. For example, Shivagrayogin has emphasized the non-difference or unity of being (between the Atman and Shivam), which is realized through stages which include rituals, conduct, personal discipline and the insight of
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lineage draws freely upon the 10 Saiva, 18 Rudra, and 64 Bhairava agamas, seeing them as a progression from dualistic, partially non-dualistic, and non-dualistic, while also integrating the Śakta tantras. Of the
Bhairava agamas, two agamas stand out in their importance: the Netra Tantra of the
1700:
The chronology and history of Agama texts is unclear. The surviving Agama texts were likely composed in the 1st millennium CE, likely existed by the 5th century CE. However, scholars such as Ramanan refer to the archaic prosody and linguistic evidence to assert that the beginning of the Agama
1320:
1378:. Abhinavgupta and Kṣemarāja regard āgamas non-dualistically, as the self-revealing act of Śiva, who assumes the roles of preceptor and disciple, and reveals Tantra according to the interests of different subjects. The āgamas are thereby further equated with
1565:. However, only those of Bhrigu, Marichi, Kashyapa and Atri are extant today. The four rishis are said to have received the cult and knowledge of Vishnu from the first Vikahansa, i.e., the older Brahma in the Svayambhuva Manvanthara. Thus, the four sages
2700:
Singh, J. (1979). Śiva Sūtras: The Yoga of Supreme Identity : Text of the Sūtras and the Commentary Vimarśinī of Kṣemarāja Translated Into English with Introduction, Notes, Running Exposition, Glossary and Index. Motilal Banarsidass Publications.
1361:, also play a crucial textual role in this tradition. In the Siddhanta, āgamās are seen as the twofold wisdom of Śiva, consisting of mantra and realization, that liberates the individual selves from the threefold bondage of mala, māyā, and karma.
1621:
The Soura or Saura Agamas comprise one of the six popular agama-based religions of Shaiva, Vaishnava, Shakta, Ganapatya, Kaumara and Soura. The Saura Tantras are dedicated to the sun (Surya) and Soura Agamas are in use in temples of Sun worship.
911:). Some suggest that these are post-Vedic texts, others as pre-Vedic compositions dating back to over 1100 BCE. Epigraphical and archaeological evidence suggests that Agama texts were in existence by about middle of the 1st millennium CE, in the
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within every being, God is present everywhere in the world including all non-living beings, and there is no spiritual difference between life, matter, man and God. The parallel group among Vaishnavas are the Shuddhadvaitins (pure Advaitins).
2035:, page 167 note 21, Quote (page 13): "Some agamas argue a monist metaphysics, while others are decidedly dualist. Some claim ritual is the most efficacious means of religious attainment, while others assert that knowledge is more important."
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as the main scripture, and the Samhitas (Agamas) as exegetical and exposition of the philosophy and spiritual precepts therein. The Shaktas have a similar reverence for the Vedic literature and view the Tantras (Agamas) as the fifth Veda.
1612:
Like the Vaikhanasa Agama, the Pancharatra Agama, the Viswanatha Agama is centered around the worship of Lord Vishnu. While the Vaikhansa deals primarily with Vaidhi Bhakti, the Pancharatra Agama teaches both vaidhi and Raganuga bhakti.
1581:, are considered the propagators of vaikhānasa śāstra. A composition of Sage Vikhanasa's disciple Marichi, namely, Ananda-Samhita states Vikhanasa prepared the Vaikhanasa Sutra according to a branch of Yajurveda and was Brahma himself.
880:, although the term "Tantra" is usually used specifically to refer to Shakta Agamas. The Agama literature is voluminous, and includes 28 Shaiva Agamas, 64 Shakta Agamas (also called Tantras), and 108 Vaishnava Agamas (also called
1423:
The Shakta Agamas are commonly known as Tantras, and they are imbued with reverence for the feminine, representing goddess as the focus and treating the female as equal and essential part of the cosmic existence. The feminine
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The heritage of the Agamas, states Krishna Shivaraman, was the "Vedic piety maturing in the monism of the Upanishads presenting the ultimate spiritual reality as Brahman and the way to realizing as portrayed in the Gita".
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a system of spirituality involving ritual worship and ethical personal conduct through the precepts of a particular deity. The means of worship in the Agamic religions differs from the Vedic form. While the Vedic form of
1630:
The Paramanada Tantra mentions the number of sectarian tantras as 6000 for Vaishnava, 10000 for Shaiva, 100000 for Shakta, 1000 for Ganapatya, 2000 for Saura, 7000 for Bhairava, and 2000 for Yaksha-bhutadi-sadhana.
1406:
in Spanda-vritti and Kshemaraja in his commentary Vimarshini state Shiva revealed the secret doctrines to Vasugupta while Bhaskara in his Varttika says a Siddha revealed the doctrines to Vasugupta in a dream.
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1386:, the capacity of consciousness to reflect back upon itself through its own expressions. The literature of Kashmir Shaivism is divided under three categories: Agama shastra, Spanda shastra, and
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and to maintain the family, to govern the world without disturbance, to establish norms and to gratify me and Vishnu, the God of gods, the wise should not violate the Vedic laws even in thought
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The 4 tantras authored by Atri are Pūrvatantra, Atreyatantra, Viṣṇutantra, Uttaratantra. However, Ananda Saṃhitā attributes the pūrvatantra, viṣṇutantra, uttaratantra and mahātantra to Atri.
1032:); design principles for sculpting, carving, and consecration of idols of deities for worship in temples; for different forms of initiations or diksha. This code is analogous to those in
1481:, initiates are sequentially initiated into each of the transmissions, where they learn to integrate each goddess with all the others, to understand and experience Shakti holistically.
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The extant texts of vaikhānasa Agama number 28 in total and are known from the texts, vimānārcakakalpa and ānanda saṃhitā, both composed by marīci which enumerate them. They are:
1965:
The word Agama means 'coming down', and the literature is that of traditions, which are mixtures of the Vedic with some non-Vedic ones, which were later assimilated to the Vedic
1529:
Maharishi Vikhanasa is considered to have guided in the compilation of a set of Agamas named Vaikhānasa Agama. Sage Vikhanasa is conceptualized as a mind-born creation, i.e.,
1708:
era. However, Richard Davis notes that the ancient Agamas "are not necessarily the Agamas that survive in modern times". The texts have gone through revision over time.
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For examples of Vaishnavism Agama text verses praising Vedas and philosophy therein, see Sanjukta Gupta (2013), Lakṣmī Tantra: A Pāñcarātra Text, Motilal Banarsidass,
1503:. While Vaikhanasa Agamas were transmitted from Vikhanasa Rishi to his disciples Brighu, Marichi, Atri and Kashyapa, the Pancharatra Agamas are classified into three:
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June McDaniel (2010), Agama Hindu Dharma Indonesia as a New Religious Movement: Hinduism Recreated in the Image of Islam, Nova Religio, Vol. 14, No. 1, pages 93–111
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The 3 Kandas authored by Kashyapa are Satyakāṇḍa, Tarkakāṇḍa, Jnānakāṇḍa. However, Ananda Saṃhitā attributes the satyakāṇḍa, karmakāṇḍa and jnānakāṇḍa to Kashyapa.
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Rita Sherma (2000), Editors: Alf Hiltebeitel and Kathleen M Erndl, Is the Goddess a Feminist?: The Politics of South Asian Goddesses, New York University Press,
1445:, which literally denotes, states Teun Goudriaan, the "primeval blissful state of non-duality of Shiva and Shakti, the ultimate goal for the Tantric Sadhaka".
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Agamas are structured dialogically, often as conversations between Śiva and Śakti. This dialogical format between divinities contrasts with the monologue of
2661:
Sanderson, A. (2007). "Mélanges tantriques à la mémoire d'Hélène Brunner / Tantric Studies in Memory of Hélène Brunner". In Goodall, D., Padoux, A. (eds.).
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A similar breadth of diverse views is present in Vaishnava Agamas as well. The Agama texts of Shaiva and Vaishnava schools are premised on existence of
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Sharma, D.S. (1983). The Philosophy of Sādhanā: With Special Reference to the Trika Philosophy of Kashmir. State University of New York Press.
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Temple and archaeological inscriptions, as well as textual evidence, suggest that the Agama texts were in existence by the 7th century in the
2356:
V Bharne and K Krusche (2012), Rediscovering the Hindu Temple: The Sacred Architecture and Urbanism of India, Cambridge Scholars Publishing,
1402:, which set the stage for the pratyabhijñā tradition. These texts are both said to be revealed under spiritual circumstances. For instance,
1763:
Grimes, John A. (1996). A Concise Dictionary of Indian Philosophy: Sanskrit Terms Defined in English. State University of New York Press.
1063:. Sthala refers to the place of the temple, Tīrtha is the temple tank, and Murti refers to the image of god (usually an icon of a deity).
1022:
Jnana pada, also called Vidya pada – consists of doctrine, the philosophical and spiritual knowledge, knowledge of reality and liberation.
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khilādhikāra, purādhikāra, vāsādhikāraṇa, arcanādhikaraṇa, mānādhikaraṇa, kriyādhikāra, niruktādhikāra, prakīrnṇādhikāra, yajnādhikāra.
926:, while other passages assert that their precepts reveal the true spirit of the Vedas. The Agamas literary genre may also be found in
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1857:
Wojciech Maria Zalewski (2012), The Crucible of Religion: Culture, Civilization, and Affirmation of Life, Wipf and Stock Publishers,
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Ghose, Rajeshwari (1996). The Tyāgarāja Cult in Tamilnāḍu: A Study in Conflict and Accommodation. Motilal Banarsidass Publications.
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Hilko Wiardo Schomerus and Humphrey Palmer (2000), Śaiva Siddhānta: An Indian School of Mystical Thought, Motilal Banarsidass,
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tantric community, but as early as the 12th century, these transmissions were arranged into a sequence of practice within the
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or tantra ("system"), with the term "tantra" utilized more frequently for Shakta agamas, than for Shaiva or Vaishnava agamas.
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spiritual knowledge. This bears a striking similarity, states Soni, to Shankara, Madhva and Ramanujan Vedantic discussions.
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Lidke, J. (2004). "The transmission of all powers: Sarvāmnāya Śākta Tantra and the semiotics of power in Nepāla-maṇḍala".
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Richard Davis (2014), Ritual in an Oscillating Universe: Worshipping Siva in Medieval India, Princeton University Press,
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Richard Davis (2014), Worshiping Śiva in Medieval India: Ritual in an Oscillating Universe, Princeton University Press,
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For examples in Shaivism literature, see T Isaac Tambyah (1984), Psalms of a Saiva Saint, Asian Educational Services,
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Thomas Manninezhath (1993), Harmony of Religions: Vedānta Siddhānta Samarasam of Tāyumānavar, Motilal Banarsidass,
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1789:(2004), Hinduism: the way of the banyan, in The Hindu World (Editors: Sushil Mittal and Gene Thursby), Routledge,
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The origin and chronology of Agamas is unclear. Some are Vedic and others non-Vedic. Agama traditions include
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David Smith (1996), The Dance of Siva: Religion, Art and Poetry in South India, Cambridge University Press,
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of Lord Narayana. Originally Vikhanasa passed on the knowledge to nine disciples in the first manvantara --
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Venkatadriagaram Varadachari (1982). Agamas and South Indian Vaisnavism. Prof M Rangacharya Memorial Trust.
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2834:. The SUNY series in the Shaiva traditions of Kashmir. Albany, N.Y: State University of New York Press.
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Tripath, S.M. (2001). Psycho-Religious Studies Of Man, Mind And Nature. Global Vision Publishing House.
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The Shakta Agamas deploy Shiva and Shakti, and a unified view as the foundation for spiritual knowledge.
1015:, for example, explained their link as follows: "the Vedas are the path, and the Agamas are the horse".
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SrI Ramakrishna Deekshitulu and SrImAn VaradAccAri SaThakOpan Swami. SrI VaikhAnasa Bhagavad SAstram
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Klaus Klostermaier (2007), A Survey of Hinduism: Third Edition, State University of New York Press,
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shastra. In addition to these agamas, Kashmir Shaivism further relies on exegetical work developing
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2079:Śaivāgamas: A Study in the Socio-economic Ideas and Institutions of Kashmir (200 B.C. to A.D. 700)
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Indira Peterson (1992), Poems to Siva: The Hymns of the Tamil Saints, Princeton University Press,
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Jean Filliozat (1991), Religion, Philosophy, Yoga: A Selection of Articles, Motilal Banarsidass,
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Archana Verma (2012), Temple Imagery from Early Mediaeval Peninsular India, Ashgate Publishing,
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Guy Beck (1993), Sonic Theology: Hinduism and Sacred Sound, University of South Carolina Press,
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and her consort Navātman, and the Dakṣiṇāmnāya (Southern transmission) featuring the goddess
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goddesses of Parā, Parāparā and Aparā, the Uttarāmnāya (Northern transmission) featuring the
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Jayandra Soni (1990), Philosophical Anthropology in Śaiva Siddhānta, Motilal Banarsidass,
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Mariasusai Dhavamony (1999), Hindu Spirituality, Gregorian University and Biblical Press,
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8:
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2613:. Collection Indologie. Pondichéry: Institut Français de Pondichéry pp. xxiii–xxv.
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Krishna Sivaraman (2008), Hindu Spirituality Vedas Through Vedanta, Motilal Banarsidass,
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literature goes back to about 5th century BCE, in the decades after the death of Buddha.
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1334:, reproduced in 1912 from a palm-leaf original, linking Shaiva Agama to esoteric Tantra.
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1145:) Agama texts. The Bhairava Shastras are monistic, while Shiva Shastras are dualistic.
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Teun Goudriaan (1981), Hindu Tantric and Śākta Literature, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag,
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2665:. Institut français d’Indologie / École française d’Extrême-Orient. pp. 231–442.
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Teun Goudriaan (1981), Hindu Tantric and Śākta Literature, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag,
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Helen Baroni (2002), The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Zen Buddhism, Rosen Publishing,
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The Agama texts of Hinduism present a diverse range of philosophies, ranging from
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The canon of the Śaivāgama and the Kubjikā Tantras of the western Kaula tradition
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DS Sharma (1990), The Philosophy of Sadhana, State University of New York Press,
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Krama, the Paścimāmnāya (Western transmission) featuring the humpbacked goddess
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is one of four recommendations in Agama texts. Above a Yoga posture statue from
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1403:
1394:'s (850 AD) influential Shiva Sutras that inaugurated the spanda tradition and
892:
858:
845:
814:
695:
475:
195:
176:
3148:
2929:
927:
5377:
5130:
5102:
5009:
4733:
4595:
4499:
4278:
4052:
3790:
3681:
3592:
3526:
2725:. AAR Religion in translation. New York, NY Oxford: Oxford University Press.
2441:
Gavin Flood (1996), An Introduction to Hinduism, Cambridge University Press,
2291:
1840:
A Datta (1987), Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: A-Devo, Sahitya Akademi,
1786:
1192:
1130:
710:
700:
675:
670:
625:
438:
414:
404:
399:
389:
374:
340:
262:
1607:
1006:
requires no icons and shrines, the Agamic religions are based on icons with
5055:
5030:
4929:
4901:
4856:
4824:
4150:
4115:
4012:
3629:
2970:
Haunting the Buddha: Indian Popular Religions and the Formation of Buddhism
1387:
1379:
1029:
680:
615:
536:
433:
428:
409:
394:
1665:
1449:
transmissions include the Pūrvāmnāya (Eastern transmission) featuring the
808:
5178:
5064:
4999:
4936:
4457:
4290:
4218:
4208:
4120:
4110:
4085:
3726:
3721:
3612:
3406:
3390:
3333:
3268:
3204:
2407:
Mark Dyczkowski (1989), The Canon of the Śaivāgama, Motilal Banarsidass,
2283:
2160:– The Secret Method of Self-Surrender, Lakshmi Tantra, Pāñcarātra Agama".
1500:
1496:
1490:
881:
869:
566:
546:
494:
448:
443:
100:
38:
2723:
The ubiquitous Śiva: Somānanda's Śivadṛṣṭi and his tantric interlocutors
2463:
Ganesh Tagare (2002), The Pratyabhijñā Philosophy, Motilal Banarsidass,
1047:), observances of religious rites, rituals, festivals and prayaschittas.
5317:
5092:
5045:
4758:
4355:
4323:
4268:
4125:
3834:
3671:
3644:
3426:
3199:
2611:
Parākhyatantram: the Parākhyatantra: a scripture of the Śaiva Siddhānta
2152:, pages xxiii-xxiv, 96, 158–159, 219, 340, 353 with footnotes, Quote: "
1524:
1469:. In Nepal, these transmissions have not only been preserved among the
1466:
1182:
1138:
1126:
1052:
998:
794:
720:
142:
129:
2958:
Awakened India, Volume 112, Year 2007, p.88, Prabuddha Bharata Office.
2538:
Sanderson, A. (1991). "The World's Religions: The Religions of Asia".
2238:. Chicago (Ill.) London: The University of Chicago press. p. 29.
1495:
The Vaishnava Agamas are found into two main schools –
1383:
5082:
4870:
4797:
4753:
4474:
4263:
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4186:
4135:
4100:
4090:
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3854:
3751:
3706:
3380:
1558:
1395:
1391:
1358:
1350:
1067:
1028:
Kriya pada – consists of rules for rituals, construction of temples (
1012:
837:
690:
620:
521:
95:
1877:
Banerji, S. C. (2007). A Companion To Tantra. Abhinav Publications.
1011:
and Vedas are opposed, according to medieval-era Hindu theologians.
5077:
5040:
4977:
4802:
4763:
4748:
4738:
4728:
4696:
4519:
4338:
4333:
4223:
4160:
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3066:
1578:
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1103:
958:
877:
873:
865:
854:
482:
317:
124:
119:
90:
46:
3348:
1955:
PT Raju (2009), The Philosophical Traditions of India, Routledge,
1415:
1083:
56:
5329:
4792:
4785:
4420:
4273:
4191:
4181:
3956:
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3253:
3229:
3128:
3118:
2720:
1574:
1542:
1458:
1354:
1153:
1142:
1066:
Elaborate rules are laid out in the Agamas for Silpa (the art of
1033:
1025:
Yoga pada – precepts on yoga, the physical and mental discipline.
990:
655:
599:
330:
307:
292:
285:
114:
85:
3214:
3070:
5324:
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4243:
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4155:
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3812:
3666:
3353:
3189:
3175:
3160:
3060:
2999:
2155:
1806:
Mariasusai Dhavamony (2002), Hindu-Christian Dialogue, Rodopi,
1570:
1554:
1538:
1161:
1134:
1118:
908:
730:
61:
4807:
4723:
4348:
4343:
4047:
4017:
3951:
3931:
3869:
3849:
3822:
3661:
3363:
3263:
3209:
3165:
3143:
3010:(Sixth ed.). Kapaa, HI: Himalayan Academy. p. 755.
1450:
1331:
1178:
1157:
1060:
1003:
919:
849:
603:
78:
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3829:
3258:
3170:
1566:
1534:
1454:
986:
923:
888:
804:
2809:. Chicago (Ill.) London: The University of Chicago press.
1441:. Some of the older Tantra texts in this genre are called
3062:
1101:
Temple design (Shore temple) and iconography such as the
1592:
saṃhitā, vijita saṃhitā, vimala saṃhitā, kalpa saṃhitā.
969:
and refers to scriptures as "that which has come down".
3123:
2424:
JS Vasugupta (2012), Śiva Sūtras, Motilal Banarsidass,
1172:
1152:(soul, self) and the existence of an Ultimate Reality (
2721:
Somānanda; Utpaladeva; Nemec, John; Somānanda (2011).
1431:
The Shakta Agamas or Shakta tantras are 64 in number.
1137:) Agama texts, eighteen qualified monism-cum-dualism (
1043:
Charya pada – lays down rules of conduct, of worship (
3007:
Dancing with Shiva, Hinduism's Contemporary Catechism
1121:. This diversity of views was acknowledged in Chapter
961:आगम) is derived from the verb root गम् (gam) meaning
922:
Agama texts appear to repudiate the authority of the
3324:
2268:"The Dialogical Manifestation of Reality in Āgamas"
1330:Parts of the Nihsvasatattvasamhita manuscript from
1051:The Agamas state three requirements for a place of
825:
3000:Satguru Sivaya Subramuniyaswami (November 2003) .
1187:The Vedas and Upanishads are common scriptures of
938:, etc). Bali Hindu tradition is officially called
2902:
2900:
1107:(Dancing Shiva) are described in the Agama texts.
5375:
2352:
2350:
2348:
2205:Śakti, the Power in Tantra: A Scholarly Approach
1782:
1780:
1435:has compiled 64 agamas in a single volume named
2459:
2457:
2455:
2023:
2021:
2019:
985:Developing physical and mental discipline with
2897:
2099:
2097:
2095:
1204:The Veda is the cow, the true Agama its milk.
1133:. In Shaivism alone, there are ten dualistic (
798:
4681:
3046:
2660:
2537:
2511:
2345:
2123:
2121:
2119:
2117:
1777:
876:. The Agamic traditions are sometimes called
770:
2452:
2016:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1912:
895:, asceticism, and philosophies ranging from
891:and Self Realization concepts, some include
2770:
2092:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1219:
864:The three main branches of Agama texts are
4688:
4674:
3053:
3039:
2829:
2567:
2565:
2563:
2561:
2559:
2114:
1668:. Please do not remove this message until
777:
763:
2884:
2674:
2672:
2265:
1990:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1873:
1871:
1688:Learn how and when to remove this message
1634:
2967:
2696:
2694:
2479:
2477:
2311:
2309:
2307:
2305:
2303:
2301:
1889:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1749:
1747:
1664:Relevant discussion may be found on the
1414:
980:
918:Scholars note that some passages in the
2608:
2556:
2197:
2055:
1978:Tantra, Its Mystic and Scientific Basis
1970:
5376:
2804:
2745:
2669:
2233:
2154:In order not to dislocate the laws of
1927:
1868:
1141:) Agama texts, and sixty-four monism (
4669:
3034:
2880:
2878:
2853:
2851:
2691:
2656:
2654:
2604:
2602:
2533:
2531:
2474:
2298:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2071:
1744:
840:: āgama) are a collection of several
2961:
2807:The Hindu Tantric world: an overview
2236:The Hindu Tantric world: an overview
1638:
1601:
1173:Relation to the Vedas and Upanishads
884:Samhitas), and numerous Upa-Agamas.
4650:
1625:
1518:
1515:(from sayings of trustworthy men).
1484:
1364:
1339:
1018:Each Agama consists of four parts:
993:, a center of monistic Agama texts.
16:Collection of Hindu religious texts
13:
2875:
2848:
2771:Tarkalankar, Chandrakumar (1932).
2651:
2599:
2540:Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions
2528:
2252:
1209:Umapati, Translated by David Smith
965:and the preposition आ (ā) meaning
14:
5400:
5357:
5348:
5347:
4823:
4649:
4639:
4630:
4629:
4618:
3323:
3069:
3061:
2750:. Srinagar: Utpal Publications.
1643:
1410:
1357:, such as those compiled in the
1319:
1091:
1082:
45:
4619:
2952:
2943:
2918:
2830:Dyczkowski, Mark S. G. (1988).
2823:
2798:
2781:
2764:
2739:
2714:
2627:
2582:
2494:
2435:
2418:
2401:
2384:
2367:
2328:
2227:
2218:
2180:
2163:
2138:
2038:
1949:
1616:
976:
19:For other uses of "Agama", see
4544:Relations with other religions
1980:, Concept Publishing Company.
1851:
1834:
1817:
1800:
1:
2663:The Śaiva Exegesis of Kashmir
2207:, Himalayan Institute Press.
1738:
1344:The Shaiva Agamas led to the
1073:
4695:
2272:The Journal of Hindu Studies
2266:Timalsina, S. (2014-05-01).
2081:, Indus Publishing Company.
1924:, pages 31–34 with footnotes
1129:by the 10th-century scholar
1036:and in the Buddhist text of
949:
7:
1711:
1670:conditions to do so are met
826:
809:
10:
5405:
2993:
2748:History of Kashmir Saivism
2203:Tigunait, Rajmani (1998),
1605:
1522:
1488:
1176:
39:Hindu scriptures and texts
18:
5343:
5305:
5250:
5177:
5139:
5101:
5063:
5054:
5024:Festivals and observances
5023:
4960:
4880:
4864:Shiva Sutras of Vasugupta
4832:
4821:
4714:
4703:
4616:
4443:
4408:
4234:
4169:
4076:
4003:
3996:
3895:
3798:
3789:
3697:
3583:
3540:
3507:
3425:
3399:
3371:
3362:
3341:
3332:
3321:
3240:
3109:
3100:
3079:
2968:DeCaroli, Robert (2004).
2609:Goodall, Dominic (2004).
1433:Krishnananda Agamavagisha
818:
799:
5283:Meenakshi Sundareshwarar
4843:Shvetashvatara Upanishad
3688:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali
2926:"Vaikhanasa Agama Books"
2639:www.himalayanacademy.com
2491:, pages 178–181, 209–214
1723:Jain Agamas (Śvētāmbara)
1511:(from Muni, sages), and
1220:Shaiva and Shakta Agamas
1214:
3767:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam
2974:Oxford University Press
1728:Jain Agamas (Digambara)
853:canonical texts are in
749:Timeline of Hindu texts
582:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam
5164:Tiruvanaikaval (Water)
3742:Eighteen Greater Texts
2805:Padoux, André (2017).
2746:Pandit, B. N. (1990).
2381:, pages 150–159, 59–62
2234:Padoux, André (2017).
1635:History and chronology
1420:
1212:
994:
557:Eighteen Greater Texts
21:Agama (disambiguation)
5159:Tiruvannamalai (Fire)
4495:Hindu gurus and sants
3747:Eighteen Lesser Texts
2077:Drabu, V. N. (1990).
1976:Singh, L. P. (2010).
1418:
1202:
984:
562:Eighteen Lesser Texts
5141:Pancha Bhuta Sthalam
4485:Anti-Hindu sentiment
1479:Sarvāmnāya tradition
5169:Kanchipuram (Earth)
5154:Tirukalahasti (Air)
5149:Chidambaram (Ether)
4850:Shivarahasya Purana
4591:Hinduism by country
3757:Iraiyanar Akapporul
3717:Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai
2863:Vimarsha Foundation
2709:. LCCN lc79903550.
1657:of this section is
1531:Maanaseeka Utbhavar
1353:and the lineage of
572:Iraiyanar Akapporul
532:Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai
278:Related Hindu texts
5268:Kailash Mansarovar
4973:Pashupata Shaivism
4951:Hara Hara Mahadeva
2912:2012-09-15 at the
2686:. LCCN lc89027739
2284:10.1093/jhs/hiu006
1963:, page 45; Quote:
1477:tradition. In the
1421:
995:
940:Agama Hindu Dharma
5371:
5370:
5301:
5300:
4663:
4662:
4439:
4438:
3992:
3991:
3785:
3784:
3699:Sangam literature
3655:Yājñavalkya Smṛti
3503:
3502:
3319:
3318:
2983:978-0-19-516838-9
2887:The Pacific World
2841:978-0-88706-491-3
2816:978-0-226-42393-7
2793:978-3-447-02091-6
2757:978-81-85217-01-7
2732:978-0-19-979545-1
2707:978-81-208-0407-4
2684:978-0-7914-0347-1
2620:978-2-85539-642-2
2594:978-3-447-02091-6
2577:978-0-8147-3619-7
2549:978-0-203-98545-8
2523:978-0-521-48234-9
2506:978-81-208-1254-3
2469:978-81-208-1892-7
2447:978-0-521-43878-0
2430:978-81-208-0407-4
2413:978-81-208-0595-8
2396:978-0-7914-0347-1
2379:978-1-4094-3029-2
2362:978-1-4438-4137-5
2340:978-81-208-1001-3
2245:978-0-226-42393-7
2213:978-0-89389-154-1
2192:978-0-8239-2240-6
2177:, pages xxii-xxvi
2175:978-81-206-0025-6
2150:978-81-208-1735-7
2133:978-81-208-1569-8
2109:978-0-691-60308-7
2089:. LCCN lc90905805
2087:978-81-85182-38-4
2067:978-81-87746-04-1
2050:978-0-87249-855-6
2033:978-0-691-60308-7
2011:978-81-208-0718-1
1986:978-81-8069-640-4
1961:978-81-208-0983-3
1944:978-0-7914-7082-4
1922:978-88-7652-818-7
1863:978-1-61097-828-6
1846:978-0-8364-2283-2
1829:978-81-208-0784-6
1812:978-90-420-1510-4
1771:. LCCN 96012383.
1769:978-0-7914-3068-2
1698:
1697:
1690:
1602:Pancharatra Agama
1513:Aaptamanujaprokta
1438:Brihat Tantrasara
1160:in Shaivism, and
930:traditions (i.e.
824:
787:
786:
577:Abhirami Anthadhi
515:Sangam literature
368:Vaishnava puranas
5396:
5361:
5351:
5350:
5061:
5060:
5005:Siddha Siddhanta
4968:Shaiva Siddhanta
4895:Om Namah Shivaya
4827:
4690:
4683:
4676:
4667:
4666:
4653:
4652:
4643:
4633:
4632:
4622:
4621:
4532:Pilgrimage sites
4286:Ganesh Chaturthi
4001:
4000:
3796:
3795:
3777:Vedarthasamgraha
3772:Vinayagar Agaval
3737:Five Great Epics
3712:Divya Prabandham
3625:Minor Upanishads
3369:
3368:
3339:
3338:
3327:
3326:
3107:
3106:
3073:
3065:
3055:
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3032:
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3024:
2988:
2987:
2965:
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2950:
2947:
2941:
2940:
2938:
2937:
2928:. Archived from
2922:
2916:
2904:
2895:
2894:
2882:
2873:
2872:
2870:
2869:
2855:
2846:
2845:
2827:
2821:
2820:
2802:
2796:
2785:
2779:
2778:
2774:Brihat Tantrasar
2768:
2762:
2761:
2743:
2737:
2736:
2718:
2712:
2698:
2689:
2676:
2667:
2666:
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2624:
2606:
2597:
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2535:
2526:
2515:
2509:
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2492:
2481:
2472:
2461:
2450:
2439:
2433:
2432:, pages 252, 259
2422:
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2313:
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2222:
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2142:
2136:
2125:
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2101:
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2059:
2053:
2042:
2036:
2025:
2014:
2003:
1988:
1974:
1968:
1953:
1947:
1936:
1925:
1914:
1887:
1875:
1866:
1855:
1849:
1838:
1832:
1821:
1815:
1804:
1798:
1784:
1775:
1761:
1718:Āgama (Buddhism)
1693:
1686:
1682:
1679:
1673:
1647:
1646:
1639:
1626:Ganapatya Agamas
1519:Vaikhanasa Agama
1485:Vaishnava Agamas
1376:Vijñāna Bhairava
1371:Kashmir Shaivism
1365:Kashmir Shaivism
1346:Shaiva Siddhanta
1340:Shaiva Siddhanta
1323:
1210:
1124:
1115:theistic dualism
1095:
1086:
831:
823:romanized:
822:
820:
812:
802:
801:
779:
772:
765:
716:Gheranda Samhita
666:Sushruta Samhita
587:Vinayagar Agaval
552:Five Great Epics
527:Divya Prabandham
458:
424:
370:
252:Other scriptures
225:
186:
167:
110:
49:
26:
25:
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5297:
5293:Vadakkum Nathan
5246:
5173:
5135:
5097:
5088:Madhyamaheshwar
5050:
5036:Maha Shivaratri
5019:
4956:
4909:Mahāmrityunjaya
4876:
4828:
4819:
4776:Ardhanarishvara
4710:
4699:
4694:
4664:
4659:
4626:
4612:
4435:
4404:
4395:Vasant Panchami
4329:Pahela Baishakh
4311:Makar Sankranti
4230:
4165:
4072:
3988:
3891:
3781:
3762:Abhirami Antati
3732:Kamba Ramayanam
3693:
3579:
3536:
3499:
3421:
3395:
3358:
3328:
3315:
3299:Vishishtadvaita
3236:
3096:
3075:
3059:
3022:
3020:
3018:
2996:
2991:
2984:
2966:
2962:
2957:
2953:
2948:
2944:
2935:
2933:
2924:
2923:
2919:
2914:Wayback Machine
2905:
2898:
2883:
2876:
2867:
2865:
2859:"Our Tradition"
2857:
2856:
2849:
2842:
2828:
2824:
2817:
2803:
2799:
2786:
2782:
2769:
2765:
2758:
2744:
2740:
2733:
2719:
2715:
2699:
2692:
2677:
2670:
2659:
2652:
2643:
2641:
2633:
2632:
2628:
2621:
2607:
2600:
2587:
2583:
2570:
2557:
2550:
2536:
2529:
2516:
2512:
2499:
2495:
2482:
2475:
2462:
2453:
2449:, pages 162–167
2440:
2436:
2423:
2419:
2406:
2402:
2389:
2385:
2372:
2368:
2355:
2346:
2333:
2329:
2314:
2299:
2264:
2253:
2246:
2232:
2228:
2223:
2219:
2215:. LCCN 98070188
2202:
2198:
2185:
2181:
2168:
2164:
2143:
2139:
2126:
2115:
2102:
2093:
2076:
2072:
2060:
2056:
2052:, pages 151–152
2043:
2039:
2026:
2017:
2004:
1991:
1975:
1971:
1954:
1950:
1937:
1928:
1915:
1890:
1876:
1869:
1856:
1852:
1839:
1835:
1822:
1818:
1805:
1801:
1785:
1778:
1762:
1745:
1741:
1733:Sacred geometry
1714:
1706:Pallava dynasty
1694:
1683:
1677:
1674:
1663:
1648:
1644:
1637:
1628:
1619:
1610:
1604:
1527:
1521:
1507:(from Vishnu),
1493:
1487:
1413:
1367:
1342:
1337:
1336:
1335:
1329:
1324:
1315:
1226:
1222:
1217:
1211:
1208:
1185:
1177:Main articles:
1175:
1122:
1111:
1110:
1109:
1108:
1098:
1097:
1096:
1088:
1087:
1076:
979:
952:
913:Pallava dynasty
844:literature and
783:
754:
753:
744:
736:
735:
686:Divya Prabandha
661:Charaka Samhita
646:Vaiśeṣika Sūtra
606:
592:
591:
547:Kamba Ramayanam
522:Saiva Tirumurai
517:
507:
506:
478:
468:
467:
454:
420:
366:
333:
323:
322:
288:
273:
272:
253:
245:
244:
221:
182:
163:
145:
135:
134:
106:
81:
64:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5402:
5392:
5391:
5386:
5369:
5368:
5366:
5365:
5355:
5344:
5341:
5340:
5338:
5337:
5332:
5327:
5322:
5321:
5320:
5309:
5307:
5306:Related topics
5303:
5302:
5299:
5298:
5296:
5295:
5290:
5285:
5280:
5275:
5270:
5265:
5263:Brihadeeswarar
5260:
5254:
5252:
5248:
5247:
5245:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5222:Ramanathaswamy
5219:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5183:
5181:
5175:
5174:
5172:
5171:
5166:
5161:
5156:
5151:
5145:
5143:
5137:
5136:
5134:
5133:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5113:
5107:
5105:
5099:
5098:
5096:
5095:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5075:
5069:
5067:
5058:
5052:
5051:
5049:
5048:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5027:
5025:
5021:
5020:
5018:
5017:
5015:Shaiva Smartas
5012:
5007:
5002:
5000:Veera Shaivism
4997:
4995:Trika Shaivism
4992:
4991:
4990:
4985:
4975:
4970:
4964:
4962:
4958:
4957:
4955:
4954:
4947:
4940:
4933:
4926:
4919:
4912:
4905:
4898:
4890:
4888:
4878:
4877:
4875:
4874:
4867:
4860:
4853:
4846:
4838:
4836:
4830:
4829:
4822:
4820:
4818:
4817:
4812:
4811:
4810:
4805:
4795:
4790:
4789:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4768:
4767:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4720:
4718:
4712:
4711:
4704:
4701:
4700:
4693:
4692:
4685:
4678:
4670:
4661:
4660:
4658:
4657:
4647:
4637:
4617:
4614:
4613:
4611:
4610:
4609:
4608:
4603:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4582:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4541:
4540:
4539:
4529:
4524:
4523:
4522:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4466:
4465:
4460:
4449:
4447:
4441:
4440:
4437:
4436:
4434:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4412:
4410:
4406:
4405:
4403:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4381:
4380:
4379:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4353:
4352:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4282:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4261:
4259:Raksha Bandhan
4256:
4251:
4246:
4240:
4238:
4232:
4231:
4229:
4228:
4227:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4201:
4200:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4173:
4171:
4167:
4166:
4164:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4082:
4080:
4074:
4073:
4071:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4009:
4007:
3998:
3994:
3993:
3990:
3989:
3987:
3986:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3923:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3901:
3899:
3893:
3892:
3890:
3889:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3826:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3804:
3802:
3793:
3787:
3786:
3783:
3782:
3780:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3703:
3701:
3695:
3694:
3692:
3691:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3658:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3616:
3615:
3610:
3600:
3595:
3589:
3587:
3581:
3580:
3578:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3546:
3544:
3538:
3537:
3535:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3513:
3511:
3505:
3504:
3501:
3500:
3498:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3470:Shvetashvatara
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3445:Brihadaranyaka
3442:
3437:
3431:
3429:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3403:
3401:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3372:
3366:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3356:
3351:
3345:
3343:
3342:Classification
3336:
3330:
3329:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3316:
3314:
3313:
3304:
3303:
3302:
3295:
3288:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3246:
3244:
3238:
3237:
3235:
3234:
3233:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3181:
3180:
3179:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3152:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3115:
3113:
3104:
3098:
3097:
3095:
3094:
3089:
3086:
3080:
3077:
3076:
3058:
3057:
3050:
3043:
3035:
3029:
3028:
3016:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2989:
2982:
2960:
2951:
2942:
2917:
2896:
2874:
2847:
2840:
2822:
2815:
2797:
2780:
2763:
2756:
2738:
2731:
2713:
2690:
2668:
2650:
2626:
2619:
2598:
2581:
2555:
2548:
2527:
2510:
2493:
2473:
2451:
2434:
2417:
2400:
2383:
2366:
2344:
2327:
2297:
2251:
2244:
2226:
2217:
2196:
2179:
2162:
2137:
2113:
2091:
2070:
2054:
2037:
2015:
1989:
1969:
1948:
1926:
1888:
1867:
1850:
1833:
1816:
1799:
1776:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1713:
1710:
1696:
1695:
1678:September 2024
1651:
1649:
1642:
1636:
1633:
1627:
1624:
1618:
1615:
1606:Main article:
1603:
1600:
1523:Main article:
1520:
1517:
1489:Main article:
1486:
1483:
1463:Tripurasundarī
1412:
1409:
1366:
1363:
1341:
1338:
1326:
1325:
1318:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1228:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1206:
1174:
1171:
1100:
1099:
1090:
1089:
1081:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1049:
1048:
1041:
1026:
1023:
978:
975:
951:
948:
893:Kundalini Yoga
785:
784:
782:
781:
774:
767:
759:
756:
755:
752:
751:
745:
742:
741:
738:
737:
734:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
696:Ramcharitmanas
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
656:Pramana Sutras
653:
648:
643:
638:
636:Mimamsa Sutras
633:
631:Samkhya Sutras
628:
623:
618:
613:
611:Dharma Shastra
607:
598:
597:
594:
593:
590:
589:
584:
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
529:
524:
518:
513:
512:
509:
508:
505:
504:
503:
502:
492:
491:
490:
479:
474:
473:
470:
469:
466:
465:
463:Devi Bhagavata
456:Shakta puranas
452:
451:
446:
441:
436:
431:
422:Shaiva puranas
418:
417:
412:
407:
402:
397:
392:
387:
382:
377:
364:
363:
358:
353:
351:Brahmavaivarta
348:
343:
336:Brahma puranas
334:
329:
328:
325:
324:
321:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
295:
289:
284:
283:
280:
279:
275:
274:
271:
270:
265:
260:
254:
251:
250:
247:
246:
243:
242:
237:
232:
219:
218:
213:
211:Shvetashvatara
208:
203:
198:
193:
191:Brihadaranyaka
180:
179:
174:
161:
160:
155:
146:
141:
140:
137:
136:
133:
132:
127:
122:
117:
104:
103:
98:
93:
88:
82:
77:
76:
73:
72:
71:
70:
65:
59:
51:
50:
42:
41:
35:
34:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5401:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5381:
5379:
5364:
5360:
5356:
5354:
5346:
5345:
5342:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5326:
5323:
5319:
5316:
5315:
5314:
5311:
5310:
5308:
5304:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5255:
5253:
5249:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5232:Trimbakeshwar
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5207:Mahakaleshwar
5205:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5184:
5182:
5180:
5176:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5146:
5144:
5142:
5138:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5108:
5106:
5104:
5103:Pancha Sabhai
5100:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5070:
5068:
5066:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5056:Shiva temples
5053:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5028:
5026:
5022:
5016:
5013:
5011:
5010:Shiva Advaita
5008:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4980:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4965:
4963:
4959:
4953:
4952:
4948:
4946:
4945:
4944:Shiva Mahimna
4941:
4939:
4938:
4934:
4932:
4931:
4927:
4925:
4924:
4920:
4918:
4917:
4916:Shiva Tandava
4913:
4911:
4910:
4906:
4904:
4903:
4899:
4897:
4896:
4892:
4891:
4889:
4887:
4883:
4879:
4873:
4872:
4868:
4866:
4865:
4861:
4859:
4858:
4854:
4852:
4851:
4847:
4845:
4844:
4840:
4839:
4837:
4835:
4831:
4826:
4816:
4813:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4800:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4773:
4772:
4769:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4734:Dakshinamurti
4732:
4730:
4727:
4726:
4725:
4722:
4721:
4719:
4717:
4713:
4709:
4708:
4702:
4698:
4691:
4686:
4684:
4679:
4677:
4672:
4671:
4668:
4656:
4648:
4646:
4642:
4638:
4636:
4628:
4627:
4625:
4615:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4598:
4597:
4596:Hindu temples
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4546:
4545:
4542:
4538:
4535:
4534:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4521:
4518:
4517:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4500:Hindu studies
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4470:Denominations
4468:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4455:
4454:
4451:
4450:
4448:
4446:
4442:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4413:
4411:
4407:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4382:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4358:
4357:
4354:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4316:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4280:
4279:Vijayadashami
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4266:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4241:
4239:
4237:
4233:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4206:
4205:
4202:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4179:
4178:
4175:
4174:
4172:
4168:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
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2932:on 2011-03-19
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2579:, pages 31–49
2578:
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2542:. Routledge.
2541:
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2490:
2489:81-208-0632-8
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2013:, pages 68–69
2012:
2008:
2002:
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1998:
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1994:
1987:
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1979:
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1966:
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1952:
1946:, pages 49–50
1945:
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1837:
1831:, pages 11–18
1830:
1826:
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1814:, pages 54–56
1813:
1809:
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1797:, pages 27–28
1796:
1795:0-415-21527-7
1792:
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1787:Julius Lipner
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1411:Shakta Agamas
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1398:(875–925 CE)
1397:
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5288:Tiruchengode
5192:Grishneshwar
5187:Bhimashankar
5179:Jyotirlingas
5031:Kanwar Yatra
4949:
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4907:
4902:Rudrashtakam
4900:
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4869:
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4857:Shiva Purana
4855:
4848:
4841:
4705:
4606:Architecture
4209:Brahmacharya
4151:Samavartanam
4116:Annaprashana
3982:
3885:
3686:
3640:Dharmaśāstra
3630:Arthashastra
3597:
3465:Maitrayaniya
3297:
3290:
3283:
3205:Brahmacharya
3021:. Retrieved
3006:
2969:
2963:
2954:
2945:
2934:. Retrieved
2930:the original
2920:
2890:
2886:
2866:. Retrieved
2862:
2831:
2825:
2806:
2800:
2783:
2773:
2766:
2747:
2741:
2722:
2716:
2662:
2642:. Retrieved
2638:
2629:
2610:
2584:
2539:
2513:
2496:
2437:
2420:
2403:
2398:, pages 9–14
2386:
2369:
2330:
2275:
2271:
2235:
2229:
2220:
2199:
2182:
2165:
2153:
2140:
2135:, pages 7–10
2073:
2057:
2040:
1972:
1964:
1951:
1853:
1836:
1819:
1802:
1703:
1699:
1684:
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1653:
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1620:
1617:Soura Agamas
1611:
1597:
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1504:
1494:
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1399:
1388:Pratyabhijna
1368:
1343:
1267:Swayambhuvam
1223:
1203:
1198:
1186:
1167:
1147:
1117:to absolute
1112:
1102:
1065:
1050:
1037:
1017:
996:
977:Significance
971:
966:
962:
954:
953:
939:
917:
904:
896:
886:
863:
827:
790:
788:
681:Panchatantra
641:Nyāya Sūtras
537:Thiruppugazh
455:
453:
421:
419:
367:
365:
335:
222:
220:
183:
181:
164:
162:
147:
107:
105:
5384:Hindu texts
5335:Other names
5217:Omkareshwar
5202:Mallikarjun
5065:Panch Kedar
4937:Shri Rudram
4923:Sahasranama
4655:WikiProject
4527:Persecution
4515:Nationalism
4505:Iconography
4385:Ratha Yatra
4296:Janmashtami
4291:Rama Navami
4219:Vanaprastha
4170:Varnashrama
4146:Ritushuddhi
4131:Vidyarambha
4121:Chudakarana
4111:Nishkramana
4086:Garbhadhana
3727:Thirukkural
3722:Thiruppugal
3650:Nāradasmṛti
3613:Mahabharata
3391:Atharvaveda
3269:Vaisheshika
3156:Puruṣārthas
2278:(1): 6–24.
1773:pages 16–17
1501:Vaikhanasas
1497:Pancharatra
1491:Pancharatra
1396:Somananda's
1291:Prodgeetham
1258:Suprabedham
1038:Sadhanamala
882:Pancharatra
726:Vedantasara
651:Yoga Sutras
567:Aathichoodi
500:Historicity
495:Mahabharata
488:Historicity
184:Yajur vedic
101:Atharvaveda
5378:Categories
5318:Rasalingam
5242:Vishwanath
5237:Vaidyanath
5093:Kalpeshwar
5046:Shiva Puja
4961:Traditions
4759:Tatpurusha
4356:Kumbh Mela
4324:Gudi Padwa
4269:Durga Puja
4254:Shivaratri
4126:Karnavedha
4106:Namakarana
4068:Tirthatana
3835:Dattatreya
3672:Subhashita
3645:Manusmriti
3522:Dhanurveda
3455:Taittiriya
3440:Kaushitaki
3427:Upanishads
3200:Aparigraha
3102:Philosophy
3023:2006-04-04
3002:"Glossary"
2936:2012-09-10
2893:: 257–291.
2868:2024-02-06
2644:2024-02-06
2525:, page 116
2508:, page 263
2342:, page 135
1865:, page 128
1739:References
1655:neutrality
1608:Pañcaratra
1525:Vaikhanasa
1475:Sarvāmnāya
1303:Sarvoktham
1183:Upanishads
1139:bhedabheda
1127:Tantraloka
1074:Philosophy
1055:: Sthala,
1053:pilgrimage
999:revelation
846:scriptures
795:Devanagari
721:Panchadasi
706:Swara yoga
542:Tirukkuṟaḷ
356:Markandeya
201:Taittiriya
165:Sama vedic
158:Kaushitaki
143:Upanishads
130:Upanishads
5278:Lingaraja
5273:Katas Raj
5212:Nageshvar
5197:Kedarnath
5083:Rudranath
5073:Kedarnath
4871:Tirumurai
4798:Kartikeya
4754:Sadyojata
4579:Theosophy
4510:Mythology
4490:Criticism
4458:Etymology
4416:Svādhyāya
4315:New Year
4264:Navaratri
4236:Festivals
4214:Grihastha
4187:Kshatriya
4161:Antyeshti
4136:Upanayana
4101:Jatakarma
4091:Pumsavana
4078:Sanskaras
4043:Naivedhya
3997:Practices
3942:Mahavidya
3910:Saraswati
3897:Goddesses
3855:Kartikeya
3752:Athichudi
3707:Tirumurai
3560:Vyākaraṇa
3527:Natyaveda
3475:Chandogya
3400:Divisions
3381:Yajurveda
2596:, page 36
2292:1756-4255
1848:, page 95
1666:talk page
1559:Pulasthya
1467:Sri Vidya
1400:Śivadṛṣṭi
1392:Vasugupta
1359:Tirumurai
1351:Tirumular
1300:Santhanam
1264:Nishwasam
1156:– called
1068:sculpture
1013:Tirumular
950:Etymology
944:Indonesia
870:Vaishnava
691:Tirumurai
621:Kamasutra
380:Bhagavata
361:Bhavishya
346:Brahmānda
303:Vyakarana
172:Chandogya
148:Rig vedic
108:Divisions
96:Yajurveda
5353:Category
5258:Amarnath
5131:Chitiram
5126:Thamiram
5111:Rathinam
5078:Tungnath
5041:Pradosha
4978:Kapalika
4803:Devasena
4764:Vamadeva
4749:Nataraja
4739:Harihara
4729:Bhairava
4697:Shaivism
4635:Category
4586:Glossary
4554:Buddhism
4520:Hindutva
4480:Calendar
4361:Haridwar
4339:Vaisakhi
4334:Puthandu
4224:Sannyasa
4141:Keshanta
3972:Shashthi
3808:Trimurti
3635:Nitisara
3608:Ramayana
3603:Itihasas
3575:Jyotisha
3517:Ayurveda
3509:Upavedas
3490:Mandukya
3435:Aitareya
3417:Aranyaka
3412:Brahmana
3386:Samaveda
3311:Charvaka
3111:Concepts
3092:Timeline
3084:Glossary
3067:Hinduism
2910:Archived
2635:"Agamas"
2194:, page 3
1712:See also
1659:disputed
1579:Kashyapa
1551:Vasishta
1547:Kashyapa
1355:Siddhars
1312:Vathulam
1294:Lalitham
1276:Rouravam
1252:Sahasram
1249:Sukskmam
1246:Deeptham
1237:Chintyam
1207:—
1189:Hinduism
1104:Nataraja
967:"toward"
959:Sanskrit
932:Buddhist
928:Śramaṇic
878:Tantrism
855:Sanskrit
838:ISO15919
743:Timeline
600:Shastras
483:Ramayana
385:Naradiya
318:Jyotisha
286:Vedangas
235:Mandukya
153:Aitareya
125:Aranyaka
120:Brahmana
91:Samaveda
31:a series
29:Part of
5330:Vibhuti
5227:Somnath
4930:Chalisa
4793:Ganesha
4786:Parvati
4716:Deities
4707:History
4624:Outline
4574:Sikhism
4569:Judaism
4564:Jainism
4445:Related
4421:Namaste
4274:Ramlila
4204:Ashrama
4192:Vaishya
4182:Brahmin
4005:Worship
3957:Rukmini
3947:Matrika
3920:Parvati
3915:Lakshmi
3905:Tridevi
3860:Krishna
3845:Hanuman
3840:Ganesha
3791:Deities
3677:Tantras
3667:Stotras
3620:Puranas
3565:Nirukta
3555:Chandas
3550:Shiksha
3542:Vedanga
3495:Prashna
3485:Mundaka
3407:Samhita
3376:Rigveda
3307:Nāstika
3292:Advaita
3279:Vedanta
3274:Mīmāṃsā
3254:Samkhya
3242:Schools
3230:Akrodha
3149:Saṃsāra
3129:Ishvara
3119:Brahman
2994:Sources
1575:Marichi
1563:Angiras
1543:Marichi
1459:Kubjikā
1443:Yamalas
1404:Kallata
1384:vimarśa
1380:prakāśa
1309:Kiranam
1282:Vimalam
1279:Makutam
1261:Vijayam
1255:Ashuman
1243:Ajitham
1240:Karanam
1234:Yogajam
1231:Kamikam
1154:Brahman
1143:advaita
1034:Puranas
991:Kashmir
963:"to go"
905:Advaita
901:dualism
842:Tantric
836:: আগম,
834:Bengali
476:Itihasa
331:Puranas
308:Nirukta
298:Chandas
293:Shiksha
268:Tantras
240:Prashna
230:Mundaka
115:Samhita
86:Rigveda
5389:Agamas
5363:Portal
5325:Siddha
5313:Lingam
5251:Others
4983:Aghori
4886:Stotra
4882:Mantra
4771:Shakti
4744:Ishana
4645:Portal
4549:Baháʼí
4453:Hindus
4431:Tilaka
4400:Others
4376:Ujjain
4371:Prayag
4366:Nashik
4306:Pongal
4244:Diwali
4197:Shudra
4156:Vivaha
4063:Dhyāna
4038:Bhajan
4028:Bhakti
4013:Temple
3967:Shakti
3875:Varuna
3818:Vishnu
3813:Brahma
3662:Sutras
3598:Agamas
3354:Smriti
3285:Dvaita
3250:Āstika
3195:Asteya
3190:Ahimsa
3176:Moksha
3161:Dharma
3074:topics
3014:
2980:
2976:, US.
2838:
2813:
2791:
2754:
2729:
2705:
2682:
2617:
2592:
2575:
2546:
2521:
2504:
2487:
2467:
2445:
2428:
2411:
2394:
2377:
2360:
2338:
2319:
2290:
2242:
2211:
2190:
2173:
2156:dharma
2148:
2131:
2107:
2085:
2065:
2048:
2031:
2009:
1984:
1959:
1942:
1920:
1881:
1861:
1844:
1827:
1810:
1793:
1767:
1571:Bhrigu
1555:Pulaha
1539:Bhrigu
1455:Kālikā
1426:Shakti
1297:Sidham
1288:Bimbam
1273:Veeram
1270:Analam
1162:Vishnu
1135:dvaita
1125:36 of
1123:
1119:monism
1059:, and
1057:Tirtha
1030:Mandir
909:monism
897:Dvaita
874:Shakta
866:Shaiva
828:ākamam
791:Agamas
731:Stotra
604:sutras
439:Skanda
415:Matsya
400:Vamana
390:Garuda
375:Vishnu
341:Brahma
258:Agamas
216:Maitri
62:Smriti
57:Shruti
5121:Velli
4988:Kaula
4834:Texts
4815:Nandi
4808:Valli
4724:Shiva
4559:Islam
4537:India
4426:Bindi
4409:Other
4349:Ugadi
4344:Vishu
4177:Varna
4058:Tapas
4048:Yajna
4018:Murti
3952:Radha
3932:Durga
3927:Bhumi
3870:Surya
3850:Indra
3823:Shiva
3585:Other
3570:Kalpa
3460:Katha
3364:Vedas
3349:Śruti
3334:Texts
3264:Nyaya
3220:Damah
3210:Satya
3166:Artha
3144:Karma
3134:Atman
3088:Index
1505:Divya
1471:Newar
1451:Trika
1332:Nepal
1215:Texts
1179:Vedas
1158:Shiva
1150:Atman
1061:Murti
1004:yajna
955:Āgama
936:Jains
924:Vedas
920:Hindu
915:era.
903:) to
859:Tamil
850:Hindu
819:ஆகமம்
815:Tamil
810:āgama
434:Linga
429:Shiva
410:Kurma
395:Padma
313:Kalpa
206:Katha
79:Vedas
4781:Sati
4601:List
4463:List
4390:Teej
4319:Bihu
4301:Onam
4249:Holi
4053:Homa
4033:Japa
4023:Puja
3983:more
3977:Sita
3962:Sati
3937:Kali
3886:more
3880:Vayu
3865:Rama
3830:Agni
3800:Gods
3480:Kena
3450:Isha
3259:Yoga
3225:Dayā
3215:Dāna
3185:Niti
3171:Kama
3139:Maya
3012:ISBN
2978:ISBN
2836:ISBN
2811:ISBN
2789:ISBN
2752:ISBN
2727:ISBN
2703:ISBN
2680:ISBN
2615:ISBN
2590:ISBN
2573:ISBN
2544:ISBN
2519:ISBN
2502:ISBN
2485:ISBN
2465:ISBN
2443:ISBN
2426:ISBN
2409:ISBN
2392:ISBN
2375:ISBN
2358:ISBN
2336:ISBN
2317:ISBN
2288:ISSN
2240:ISBN
2209:ISBN
2188:ISBN
2171:ISBN
2146:ISBN
2129:ISBN
2105:ISBN
2083:ISBN
2063:ISBN
2046:ISBN
2029:ISBN
2007:ISBN
1982:ISBN
1957:ISBN
1940:ISBN
1918:ISBN
1879:ISBN
1859:ISBN
1842:ISBN
1825:ISBN
1808:ISBN
1791:ISBN
1765:ISBN
1652:The
1567:Atri
1535:Atri
1499:and
1465:and
1369:The
1181:and
1045:puja
1008:puja
987:Yoga
889:Yoga
872:and
857:and
805:IAST
789:The
602:and
449:Agni
444:Vayu
196:Isha
177:Kena
68:List
5116:Pon
4475:Law
2280:doi
942:in
848:of
832:) (
813:) (
800:आगम
5380::
3309::
3252::
3124:Om
3004:.
2972:.
2899:^
2889:.
2877:^
2861:.
2850:^
2693:^
2671:^
2653:^
2637:.
2601:^
2558:^
2530:^
2476:^
2454:^
2347:^
2323:.
2300:^
2286:.
2274:.
2270:.
2254:^
2116:^
2094:^
2018:^
1992:^
1929:^
1891:^
1870:^
1779:^
1746:^
1577:,
1573:,
1569:,
1557:,
1553:,
1549:,
1545:,
1541:,
1537:,
946:.
934:,
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861:.
821:,
817::
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2647:.
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