24:
303:
294:, Allen finished the program before the plane landed. Only when they loaded the program onto an Altair and saw a prompt asking for the system's memory size did Gates and Allen know that their interpreter worked on the Altair hardware. Later, they made a bet on who could write the shortest bootstrap program, and Gates won.
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Roberts agreed to distribute the interpreter. He also hired Gates and Allen to maintain and improve it, causing Gates to take a leave of absence from
Harvard. The original version would retroactively be known as 4K BASIC when they added upgraded versions, including 8K BASIC, Extended BASIC, Extended
318:
free for program code. In order to fit the language into such a small space, the 4K version lacked string manipulation and a number of common mathematical functions. These were added into the 8K BASIC version, which had string variables and manipulation functions, a larger set of math functions
247:
PDP-10. Harvard officials were not pleased when they found out, but there was no written policy that covered the use of this computer. Gates and Allen bought computer time from a timesharing service in Boston to complete their BASIC program debugging. When fellow
Harvard student
514:
Altair BASIC version 2.0 had a serious problem in that a jump out of a FOR.... NEXT loop left garbage on the stack. . Do this too often and the stack would grow relentlessly down from high memory until it ate the program. This has been fixed in version 3.0, according to Paul
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was especially prolific; after somehow obtaining a pre-market tape of the interpreter, he made 25 copies and distributed them at the next
Homebrew meeting, urging recipients to make more copies. Gates responded in 1976 with a strongly worded
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who, much to
Roberts' surprise, decided in favor of Microsoft based on MITS failure to market the software with their "best efforts". BASIC interpreters remained the core of Microsoft's business until the early 1980s, when it shifted to
389:
Under the terms of the purchase agreement, MITS would receive the rights to the interpreter after it had paid a certain amount in royalties. However, Microsoft had developed versions of the interpreter for other systems such as the
470:
Bill Gates and Paul Allen complete BASIC and license it to their first customer, MITS of
Albuquerque, N.M., the manufacturer of the Altair 8800 personal computer. This is the first computer language program written for a personal
373:. Altair BASIC, as MITS' preferred BASIC interpreter, was also popular. However, the hobbyists took a "share-alike" approach to software and thought nothing of copying the BASIC interpreter for other hobbyists. Homebrew member
568:"While walking through Harvard Square one day, Allen spotted the Popular Electronics cover that features the Altair. ... Allen ran to tell Bill that he thought their big break had finally come. Bill agreed."
394:. When they decided to leave MITS, a dispute arose over whether the full amount had been paid and whether the agreement applied to the other versions. Microsoft and MITS took the dispute to an
1161:
891:, Interview with Bill Gates, Interviewer: David Allison (DA), Division of Computers, Information, & Society, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution
894:
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business. Gates believed that, by providing a BASIC interpreter for the new computer, they could make it more attractive to hobbyists. They contacted MITS founder
214:, told him that they were developing an interpreter, and asked whether he would like to see a demonstration. This followed the engineering industry practice of a
366:
respectively for those who purchased "8K of Altair memory, and an Altair I/O board". The language versions were distributed on paper tape or cassette tape.
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of the original versions, and claimed he could write such a system that could still fit within the memory limits, they hired
Davidoff to write the package.
354:(equivalent to $ 849 in 2023, equivalent to $ 1,132 in 2023, and equivalent to $ 1,982 in 2023, respectively). The prices were discounted to
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and declared that he could not continue developing computer software that people did not pay for. Many hobbyists reacted defensively to the letter.
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of memory, leaving plenty of room for the interpreted program. In preparation for the demo, they stored the finished interpreter on a
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Gates and Allen had neither an interpreter nor even an Altair system on which to develop and test one. However, Allen had written an
1987:
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450:
455:...and the joint authors of the ALTAIR BASIC interpreter, Bill Gates, Paul Allen and Monte Davidoff, will be glad to assist you.
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computer. Allen adapted this emulator based on the Altair programmer guide, and they developed and tested the interpreter on
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ALTAIR BASIC, CLAIM: Not just anybody's BASIC, FACT: Not just anybody's BASIC, BY: KEITH BRITTON, ROBERT MULLEN,
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While on final approach into the
Albuquerque airport, Allen realized that they had forgotten to write a
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July 1, Bill Gates' and Paul Allen's BASIC officially ships as version 2.0 in both 4K and 8K editions.
421:- according to Bill Gates used in Altair BASIC's error tables mutually sharing their instruction bytes
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In
January 1978 I purchased Altair 680 Basic from Computer Kits in Berkeley CA. I paid full price,
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to gauge interest. Roberts agreed to meet them for a demonstration in a few weeks, in March 1975.
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and basic disk commands, while Disk BASIC further extended the disk commands to allow raw I/O.
717:, I didn't want Bill Gates to go broke. If you bought an Altair 680B kit with 16 K of RAM for
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The smallest version, 4K BASIC, could run within a 4K RAM machine, leaving only about
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Gates and Allen’s BASIC officially ships as version 2.0 in both 4K and 8K editions.
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Programming language interpreter software, first product developed by
Microsoft
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As they expected, the Altair was very popular with hobbyists such as the
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897:, (Lisa Feigenbaum) 24 Jun 2009, The Visual Basic Team, MSDN Blogs
612:. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science. Archived from
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MITS/Pertec 'materially breached its best efforts obligation...'
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History of
Microsoft Video: Bill Gates Talks about Altair Basic
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Hard Drive: Bill Gates and the Making of the Microsoft Empire
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Hard Drive: Bill Gates and the Making of the Microsoft Empire
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850:(1). Altair Users Group, MITS Inc.: 1, 3. Archived from
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Fire in the Valley: The Making of the Personal Computer
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Fire in the Valley: The Making of the Personal Computer
415:(MBF) - the floating-point format used by Altair BASIC
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279:that the Altair could read, and Paul Allen flew to
196:read about the Altair in the January 1975 issue of
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1964:
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736:Idea Man: A Memoir by the Cofounder of Microsoft
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878:Altair BASIC 3.2 (4K) - Annotated Disassembly
873:Altair BASIC 3.2 (4K) - Annotated Disassembly
723:, Michael Holley's SWTPC Collection Home Page
441:, Andrew Orlowski, 13 May 2001, The Register
439:Raiders of the Lost Altair BASIC Source Code
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263:The finished interpreter, including its own
323:for random numbers, Boolean operators, and
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81:2.0 (4K and 8K editions) July 1, 1975
22:
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290:to read the tape into memory. Writing in
252:stated he believed the system should use
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739:. New York: Penguin Group. p. 107.
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834:
451:Altair 8800 BASIC Reference_Manual 1975
1965:
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634:Wallace, James; Jim Erickson (1992).
578:Wallace, James; Jim Erickson (1992).
552:. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. p.
486:microsoft's timeline from 1975 - 1990
840:"Altair BASIC — Up and Running"
342:In October 1975, 4K BASIC sold for
13:
760:
584:. John Wiley & Sons. pp.
14:
1999:
1983:BASIC programming language family
866:
640:. John Wiley & Sons. p.
529:, Page 15, Advert: Altair BASIC]
1988:Microsoft programming languages
883:Altair BASIC source disassembly
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32:code that produced Altair BASIC
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1:
1978:Discontinued Microsoft BASICs
782:. New York, NY: McGraw Hill.
721:you would get BASIC for free.
425:
306:Altair 8K BASIC on paper tape
382:that accused the copiers of
232:for their previous venture,
7:
1162:Extra! Basic Macro Language
1128:Data General Extended BASIC
666:"4 Altair Language Systems"
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311:ROM BASIC, and Disk BASIC.
10:
2004:
801:; Peter Rinearson (1995).
466:Microsoft Fast Facts: 1975
335:era. Extended BASIC added
192:recalls that, when he and
160:BASIC programming language
106:5.0 / 14 July 1978
1857:Disk Extended Color BASIC
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527:Computer_Notes 1975 01 05
508:Computer_Notes 1975 01 05
350:, and Extended BASIC for
298:Versions and distribution
254:floating-point arithmetic
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1755:WinFBE, Visual FB Editor
1133:Southampton BASIC System
419:Interleaved instructions
380:Open Letter to Hobbyists
889:Writing an Altair Basic
707:7 February 2020 at the
691:. MITS. 25 August 1975.
413:Microsoft Binary Format
218:, an announcement of a
1907:MS BASIC for Macintosh
1691:Visual Basic (classic)
996:TI-BASIC (calculators)
935:programming language (
468:, Posted May 9, 2000,
371:Homebrew Computer Club
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185:Origin and development
108:; 46 years ago
83:; 49 years ago
28:The title page of the
1794:Atari Microsoft BASIC
1637:Microsoft Small Basic
1604:Embedded Visual Basic
1167:VSI BASIC for OpenVMS
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292:8080 machine language
1862:Extended Color BASIC
1030:Rocky Mountain BASIC
1025:HP Time-Shared BASIC
828:Triumph of the Nerds
809:. New York: Viking.
733:Allen, Paul (2011).
220:non-existent product
206:for them would be a
1942:TI BASIC (TI 99/4A)
1832:Benton Harbor BASIC
1045:Locomotive Software
824:Cringely, Robert X.
271:, fit in only four
199:Popular Electronics
491:2008-05-14 at the
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258:integer arithmetic
173:computers. It was
154:is a discontinued
39:Original author(s)
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1820:BASIC Programming
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1706:Visual Basic .NET
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1291:Super Expander 64
1001:TI Extended BASIC
988:Texas Instruments
854:on March 23, 2012
746:978-1-59184-537-9
616:on March 23, 2012
610:"We have a BASIC"
453:, Page 3 of PDF,
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30:assembly language
1995:
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1647:OpenOffice Basic
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1086:North Star BASIC
1053:Locomotive BASIC
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772:Swaine, Michael
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169:and subsequent
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838:(April 1975).
836:Bunnell, David
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805:The Road Ahead
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1101:Minicomputers
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1081:Integer BASIC
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1058:Mallard BASIC
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1867:Family BASIC
1822:(Atari 2600)
1819:
1779:Altair BASIC
1778:
1380:Mobile BASIC
1296:YS MegaBasic
1148:Time-sharing
1122:Data General
1003:(aka XBasic)
971:Level II/III
856:. Retrieved
852:the original
847:
843:
831:. PBS, 1996.
826:
804:
777:
750:
734:
728:
712:
697:
685:Altair BASIC
684:
678:
670:Altair BASIC
669:
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629:
618:. Retrieved
614:the original
604:
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277:punched tape
262:
241:time-sharing
224:
197:
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152:Altair BASIC
151:
150:
51:Developer(s)
1847:Color BASIC
1789:Atari BASIC
1728:open source
1686:CA-Realizer
1678:Proprietary
1651:ScriptBasic
1619:open source
1554:LotusScript
1531:Proprietary
1465:Indic BASIC
1437:open source
1420:Turbo Basic
1410:Tiger-BASIC
1355:FutureBASIC
1322:Proprietary
1251: [
1213:Casio BASIC
1198:Astro BASIC
1172:SUPER BASIC
1007:TI-BASIC 83
510:, Page 14,
337:PRINT USING
281:Albuquerque
269:line editor
267:system and
234:Traf-O-Data
167:Altair 8800
156:interpreter
132:Altair 8800
1967:Categories
1937:SuperBASIC
1932:STOS BASIC
1917:QuickBASIC
1642:Mono-Basic
1564:PowerBASIC
1523:extensions
1480:SmallBASIC
1415:True BASIC
1400:SmileBASIC
1390:PowerBASIC
1350:Beta BASIC
1335:AMOS BASIC
1330:AmigaBASIC
1233:Tiny BASIC
1193:AlphaBasic
1157:BASIC-PLUS
1138:Wang BASIC
1076:Atom BASIC
858:2007-04-18
620:2007-04-18
426:References
396:arbitrator
319:including
288:bootloader
227:Intel 8008
212:Ed Roberts
208:profitable
194:Paul Allen
190:Bill Gates
113:1978-07-14
88:1975-07-01
64:Paul Allen
59:Bill Gates
44:Micro-Soft
1902:MSX BASIC
1882:IBM BASIC
1872:GFA BASIC
1827:BBC BASIC
1744:Basic4ppc
1669:designers
1632:FreeBASIC
1584:VB 5 for
1571:Run BASIC
1455:DarkBASIC
1445:Basic-256
1425:WordBASIC
1405:ThinBasic
1395:PureBasic
1310:Procedure
1265:Extenders
1228:SDS BASIC
1150:computers
978:BASIC 1.0
953:Microsoft
471:computer.
375:Dan Sokol
273:kilobytes
245:Harvard's
175:Microsoft
171:S-100 bus
1892:MacBASIC
1887:JR-BASIC
1877:GW-BASIC
1814:BASIC XL
1809:BASIC XE
1804:BASIC A+
1726:Free and
1696:NS Basic
1627:BlitzMax
1617:Free and
1580:VBScript
1568:ProvideX
1475:SdlBasic
1460:Euphoria
1450:Basic4GL
1435:Free and
1375:MapBasic
1314:oriented
1203:BASICODE
1109:BASIC-11
1035:HP Basic
976:Thomson
774:(1999).
705:Archived
546:(2000).
489:Archived
407:See also
230:emulator
204:software
158:for the
127:Platform
1922:S-BASIC
1772:Defunct
1710:Mercury
1549:GLBasic
1505:Yabasic
1490:wxBasic
1385:OWBasic
1273:BASIC 8
1248:ETBASIC
1091:SCELBAL
967:Level I
945:Classic
111: (
86: (
1912:QBasic
1897:MBASIC
1750:Gambas
1701:RapidQ
1655:Roslyn
1559:Morfik
1539:AutoIt
1520:object
1500:Xblite
1495:XBasic
1345:BasicX
1243:ZBasic
1238:UBASIC
1223:PBASIC
1218:CBASIC
813:
786:
743:
648:
592:
560:
401:MS-DOS
362:, and
238:PDP-10
1518:With
1360:GRASS
1255:]
1186:Other
933:BASIC
719:$ 685
715:$ 200
689:(PDF)
586:81–83
515:Allen
384:theft
364:$ 150
352:$ 350
348:$ 200
344:$ 150
1716:Xojo
1597:VSTA
1592:VSTO
1588:5.0
1485:QB64
1340:ASIC
937:list
811:ISBN
784:ISBN
741:ISBN
646:ISBN
590:ISBN
558:ISBN
360:$ 75
356:$ 60
329:POKE
327:and
325:PEEK
164:MITS
139:Type
1736:B4X
1665:RAD
1575:VBA
1370:LSE
1208:BAL
1118:B32
321:RND
265:I/O
1969::
1742:,
1253:zh
1120:,
969:,
846:.
842:.
770:;
749:.
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668:.
644:.
642:78
588:.
556:.
554:53
542:;
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924:e
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910:v
861:.
848:1
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792:.
672:.
654:.
623:.
598:.
566:.
115:)
90:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
