36:
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from 300 to 700 eggs at a time in a gelatinous mass, with up to 4300 eggs deposited into the nest in total. After fertilization the male protects and continually fans the nest of eggs. The eggs hatch in 5 to 7 days on average. Young fry are herded into tight schools by the male and are protected by both parents until they are approximately two inches long. They grow to about three inches by one year of age. Sexual maturity is achieved after two to three years, by which time the fish have reached 140 millimetres (5.5 in) in length.
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that will almost eat anything. It locates prey by brushing the stream bottom with its barbels. Taste buds on the barbels tell the yellow bullhead whether or not contact is made with edible prey. They typically feed at night on a variety of plant and animal material, both live and dead, most commonly
512:
Bullheads have a monogamous relationship with spawning beginning in mid-May or early-June, with both sexes participating in nest-building. Bullheads usually use a natural cavity or make saucer-shaped depressions near submerged cover, such as tree roots or sunken logs. The female will lay anywhere
503:
Yellow bullhead are bottom dwellers, living in areas with muck, rock, sand, or clay substrates. Its habitat includes river pools, backwaters, and sluggish current over soft or mildly rocky substrate in creeks, small to larger rivers, and shallow portions of lakes and ponds. Their habitat can vary
504:
from a slow current with poorly oxygenated, highly silted, and highly polluted water to a more swift current with clean and clear water that has aquatic vegetation. Fishermen often find them in sluggish creeks and rivers with a gravel bottom.
495:
consisting of worms, insects, snails, minnows, clams, crayfish, other small aquatic organisms, plant matter, and decaying animal matter. Compared to black and brown bullheads, yellow bullheads consume more aquatic vegetation.
618:
1066:
Hove, M.C.; Sietman, B.E.; Bakelaar, J.E.; Bury, J.A.; Heath, D.J.; Pepi, V.E.; Kurth, J.E.; Davis, J.M.; Hornbach, D.J.; Kapuscinski, A.R. (2011). "Early Life
History and Distribution of Pistolgrip (
1105:
Gray, E.V.S.; Lellis, W.A.; Cole, J.C.; Johnson, C.S. (2002). "Host
Identification for Strophitus undulatus (Bivalvia: Unionidae), the Creeper, in the Upper Susquehanna River Basin, Pennsylvania".
586:
Yellow bullheads are considered a minor game fish, and their meat is considered sweet and has a good flavor, but the meat can become soft in summer. They are not as sought after as other
1409:
606:. Ictalurus, Greek, meaning "fish cat"; Ameiurus, Greek, meaning "privative curtailed," in reference to the caudal fin lacking a notch; natalis, Latin, meaning "of birth."
1731:
568:
427:). The sides are lighter and more yellowish, while the underside of the head and body are bright yellow, yellow white, or bright white. The rear edge of its
419:
family. It is typically yellow-olive to slate black on the back and may appear mottled depending on its habitat, though generally not as strongly as the
447:) by the group of white barbels or "whiskers" under its chin. The pectoral spines are barbed posteriorly like those of the brown bullhead. Unlike
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that rarely grow larger than 2 lb (0.91 kg), but can reach up to 6.375 lb (2.892 kg). Yellow bullheads may grow to a maximum
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has anywhere between 24 and 27 constituent rays, more than that of other bullheads. The yellow bullhead can be easily distinguished from
1721:
455:), there are no lateral extensions present on the upper (premaxillary) tooth patch. Its eyes are generally smaller than those of the
1546:
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482:(TL) of 60 centimetres (24 in), though they are more commonly 22.5 centimetres (8.9 in) TL, and can live up to 12 years.
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Hove, M.C.; Engelking, R.A.; Evers, E.R.; Peteler, M.E.; Peterson, E.M. (April 1995). Sandheinrich, M. (ed.).
812:
590:. They can be caught on natural baits such as worms, crickets or chicken liver fished on the bottom at night.
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537:. They have also been introduced to the West and can be caught as far up as northern Washington state.
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840:"Identification Key to the Species of Catfishes (Family Ictaluridae) in North Carolina"
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1162:. Vol. 45, no. 2. North American Native Fishes Association. pp. 11–17
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621:(1765–1822) and also may be the source of the specific name he assigned (from
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Yellow bullhead have a wide range across the central and eastern US from the
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870:"Freshwater Catfish (Family Ictaluridae) Diversity in North Carolina"
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896:"Yellow Bullhead Could Blow Existing World Record Out Of The Water"
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610:, when he originally described the species in 1819, invented a
169:
948:
Murie, D.J.; Parkyn, D.C.; Loftus, W.F.; Nico, L.G. (2009).
1264:
McClane's Field Guide to
Freshwater Fishes of North America
1119:
10.1674/0003-0031(2002)147[0153:HIFSUB]2.0.CO;2
748:
Jenkins, Gabe (2006). Dewey, Tanya; Harrel, Sherry (eds.).
652:
1039:
1049:
Proceedings of the
Mississippi River Research Consortium
780:
471:) and there is no blotch at the base of the dorsal fin.
1065:
1055:: 57 – via Mississippi River Research Consortium.
629:), though it was not explicitly stated in either case.
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The yellow bullhead is a medium-sized member of the
1183:"The Meanings of the Scientific Names of Catfishes"
950:"Variable growth and longevity of yellow bullhead (
868:Bryne, Tracy; NCFishes.com Team (9 November 2020).
776:
774:
1312:
1261:
724:
1732:Freshwater fish of the Southeastern United States
1180:
1070:(Rafinesque, 1820)) in Minnesota and Wisconsin".
837:
1693:
771:
1405:Minnesota Fish, Department of Natural Resources
1293:
1042:"Suitable fish hosts of six freshwater mussels"
529:and south-eastern Canada, and east through the
1138:
1136:
793:. Gainesville, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey
684:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T202675A2746631.en
578:. It is additionally parasitized by leeches.
507:
1319:. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. pp.
1268:. New York: Henry Holt and Company. pp.
704:
1013:
1011:
781:Fuller, P.L; Neilson, M.E. (28 June 2022) .
619:Simon Barthélemy Joseph Noël de la Morinière
1133:
658:
617:, which likely commemorates the naturalist
1145:"Lost in Translation: The True Meaning of
954:) in the Everglades of south Florida, USA"
121:
102:
1410:Ohio Fish Department of Natural Resources
1008:
682:
80:Learn how and when to remove this message
1375:. Arizona Game and Fish Department. 2023
1310:
556:—larvae of freshwater mussels of family
43:This article includes a list of general
1742:Taxa named by Charles Alexandre Lesueur
1259:
1237:
1224:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
1142:
919:
819:. Gainesville, Florida. 23 October 2017
747:
407:, a ray-finned fish that lacks scales.
14:
1694:
1395:Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks Guide
1433:
1432:
1311:Page, Lawrence; Burr, Brooks (1991).
1712:Freshwater fish of the United States
29:
1702:IUCN Red List least concern species
1149:in the Name of the Yellow Bullhead
893:
670:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
490:The yellow bullhead is a voracious
24:
1315:A Field Guide to Freshwater Fishes
698:
474:Yellow bullheads are medium-sized
49:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
1753:
1722:Fish of the Eastern United States
1388:
754:Bullhead (Also: Yellow Bullhead)"
1414:
1208:
1023:Arizona Game and Fish Department
973:10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01300.x
146:
34:
1174:
1107:The American Midland Naturalist
1098:
1072:The American Midland Naturalist
1059:
1033:
979:
941:
516:
1296:"A Boundary Waters Compendium"
961:Journal of Applied Ichthyology
913:
887:
861:
831:
813:"Ichthyology: Yellow Bullhead"
805:
711:California Academy of Sciences
410:
13:
1:
1340:– via Internet Archive.
1289:– via Internet Archive.
1143:Scharpf, Christopher (2020).
791:Nonindigenous Aquatic Species
645:
593:
305:Silurus (Pimelodus) coenosus
7:
1181:NCFishes.com Team (2020) .
1084:10.1674/0003-0031-165.2.338
632:
508:Reproduction and life cycle
10:
1758:
1369:"Fishing: Yellow Bullhead"
995:Texas Parks & Wildlife
838:NCFishes.com Team (2020).
581:
540:
498:
1441:
608:Charles Alexandre Lesueur
274:
267:
248:
241:
143:Scientific classification
141:
119:
110:
101:
96:
1354:Texas Parks and Wildlife
1294:Earl J. S. Rook (1999).
1241:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
923:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
894:Low, Jim (9 June 2006).
1727:Fish of the Great Lakes
485:
64:more precise citations.
1737:Fish described in 1819
1260:McClane, A.J. (1974).
1025:. 2023. Archived from
626:
563:Cyclonaias tuberculata
294:Silurus xanthocephalus
900:Southeastern Outdoors
707:"Catalogue of Fishes"
677:: e.T202675A2746631.
335:Pimelodus antoniensis
1425:at Wikimedia Commons
1400:Animal Diversity Web
1068:Tritogonia verrucosa
758:Animal Diversity Web
659:NatureServe (2013).
575:Strophitus undulatus
569:Tritogonia verrucosa
381:Amiurus prosthistius
1255:. May 2006 version.
937:. May 2023 version.
705:William Eschmeyer.
453:Pylodictis olivaris
113:Conservation status
1373:Sport Fish Species
1346:"Yellow Bullhead (
987:"Yellow Bullhead (
425:Ameiurus nebulosus
403:) is a species of
1689:
1688:
1661:Open Tree of Life
1435:Taxon identifiers
1419:Media related to
1160:American Currents
1029:on 26 March 2023.
1019:"Yellow Bullhead"
600:Ictalurus natalis
391:
390:
385:
377:
366:
359:Amiurus erebennus
355:
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343:Pimelodus catulus
339:
331:
327:Pimelodus ailurus
323:
316:Pimelodus felinus
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278:Pimelodus natalis
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1306:on 13 June 2007.
1302:. Archived from
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1192:. pp. 10–11
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787:(Lesueur, 1819)"
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604:Ameiurus natalis
546:Ameiurus natalis
523:Rio Grande River
469:A. platycephalus
449:flathead catfish
431:is rounded. The
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400:Ameiurus natalis
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1560:iNaturalist
1467:Wikispecies
1379:11 February
1359:11 February
1336:11 February
1285:11 February
690:12 November
612:common name
598:Named both
531:Great Lakes
461:A. brunneus
411:Description
210:Ictaluridae
62:introducing
1696:Categories
646:References
535:East Coast
429:caudal fin
384:Cope, 1883
309:Richardson
298:Rafinesque
45:references
641:(general)
594:Etymology
558:Unionidae
554:glochidia
492:scavenger
476:bullheads
463:) or the
228:Species:
166:Kingdom:
160:Eukaryota
70:July 2018
1707:Ameiurus
1640:2.103271
1578:10152148
1534:FishBase
1452:Wikidata
1300:Rook.org
1252:FishBase
1092:41288669
934:FishBase
716:9 August
633:See also
445:A. melas
439:and the
433:anal fin
269:Synonyms
221:Ameiurus
206:Family:
180:Chordata
176:Phylum:
170:Animalia
156:Domain:
133:IUCN 3.1
1552:2340969
1458:Q536070
1321:193–194
1270:111–112
1147:Natalis
1127:3083043
1000:25 July
588:catfish
582:Angling
552:to the
541:Ecology
499:Habitat
417:catfish
262:, 1819)
260:Lesueur
216:Genus:
196:Order:
186:Class:
131: (
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623:French
376:, 1880
365:, 1877
363:Jordan
322:, 1858
320:Girard
311:, 1837
300:, 1820
47:, but
1674:WoRMS
1653:66912
1624:NAS:
1591:94467
1573:IRMNG
1565:58657
1521:EUNIS
1487:30846
1186:(PDF)
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1123:JSTOR
1088:JSTOR
1045:(PDF)
957:(PDF)
843:(PDF)
1648:NCBI
1612:IUCN
1599:ITIS
1547:GBIF
1539:3021
1500:CQKF
1482:BOLD
1381:2023
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1325:ISBN
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1274:ISBN
1231:2006
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1002:2022
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718:2017
692:2021
675:2013
627:Noel
602:and
572:and
560:—of
550:host
486:Diet
393:The
374:Cope
1627:733
1586:ISC
1508:EoL
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