11168:
16039:, that this was the first time in Zionist history that Jews from Middle Eastern and North African countries were all packaged together in one category as the target of an immigration plan. There were earlier plans to bring specific groups, such as the Yemenites, but the "one million plan" was, as Shenhav says, "the zero point," the moment when the category of Mizrahi Jews in the current sense of this term, as an ethnic group distinct from European-born Jews, was invented." p.89—90 ..."Shehav's argument that the one million plan led to the invention of the category of Mizrahi Jews and gave the term the meaning it has today, because the plan treated all Jews who originated in these countries as belonging to a single category of candidates for immigration. ... it added another layer of meaning to the newly minted and still crystallizing Mizrahi category, that is, as implying a quasi-racial division between those who had an "oriental appearance" and those who did not."
4588:
11244:—out of a general Jewish population of about 5.4 million. The number of Jews who identify themselves as only culturally Jewish has risen from 20% in 1990 to 37% in 2008, according to the study. In the same period, the number of all US adults who said they had no religion rose from 8% to 15%. Jews are more likely to be secular than Americans in general, the researchers said. About half of all US Jews—including those who consider themselves religiously observant—claim in the survey that they have a secular worldview and see no contradiction between that outlook and their faith, according to the study's authors. Researchers attribute the trends among American Jews to the high rate of intermarriage and "disaffection from Judaism" in the United States.
12025:
considered
Hispanic. Some Hispanic Jews, particularly in Miami and Los Angeles, immigrated from Latin America. The largest groups are those that fled Cuba after the communist revolution (known as Jewbans), Argentine Jews, and more recently, Venezuelan Jews. Argentina is the Latin American country with the largest Jewish population. There are a large number of synagogues in the Miami area that give services in Spanish. The last Hispanic Jewish community would be those that recently came from Portugal or Spain, after Spain and Portugal granted citizenship to the descendants of Jews who fled during the Inquisition. All the above listed Hispanic Jewish groups speak either Spanish or Ladino.
12436:) illustrate this financial elite. As was true of their non-Jewish counterparts, family, personal, and business connections, a reputation for honesty and integrity, ability, and a willingness to take calculated risks were essential to recruit capital from widely scattered sources. The families and the firms which they controlled were bound together by religious and social factors, and by the prevalence of intermarriage. These personal ties fulfilled real business functions before the advent of institutional organization in the 20th century. Antisemitic elements often falsely targeted them as key players in a supposed Jewish cabal conspiring to dominate the world.
9345:, especially outside of intellectual elites. Similarly, Kenneth Marcus observes a number of ambivalent cultural phenomena which have also been noted by other scholars, and he concludes that "the veneer of whiteness has not established conclusively the racial construction of American Jews". The relationship between Jewish identity and white majority identity continues to be described as "complicated" for many American Jews, particularly Ashkenazi and Sephardi Jews of European descent. The issue of Jewish whiteness may be different for many Mizrahi, Sephardi, Black, Asian, and Latino Jews, many of whom may never be considered white by society. Many American
12116:, the country's national pastime, and in some cases tried to prevent their children from watching or participating in baseball-related activities. Most were focused on making sure they and their children took advantage of education and employment opportunities. Despite the efforts of parents, Jewish children became interested in baseball quickly since it was already embedded in the broader American culture. The second generation of immigrants saw baseball as a means to celebrate American culture without abandoning their broader religious community. After 1924, many Yiddish newspapers began covering baseball, which they had not done previously.
32:
4846:, 10% linked themselves to some other tradition, and 10% said they are "just Jewish." In 2013, Pew Research's Jewish population survey found that 35% of American Jews identified as Reform, 18% as Conservative, 10% as Orthodox, 6% who identified with other sects, and 30% did not identify with a denomination. Pew's 2020 poll found that 37% affiliated with Reform Judaism, 17% with Conservative Judaism, and 9% with Orthodox Judaism. Young Jews are more likely to identify as Orthodox or as unaffiliated compared to older members of the Jewish community.
9232:) Jews in USA (7.2%). The figure for 2006 is estimated at 468,000 (9.4%). Data from the Pew Center shows that, as of 2013, 27% of American Jews under the age of 18 live in Orthodox households, a dramatic increase from Jews aged 18 to 29, only 11% of whom are Orthodox. The UJA-Federation of New York reports that 60% of Jewish children in the New York City area live in Orthodox homes. In addition to economizing and sharing, many Haredi communities depend on government aid to support their high birth rate and large families. The Hasidic village of
5115:
11107:
9031:
8875:
8459:
8199:
7445:
4247:
2925:
12574:, source of income and layer a strong financial groundwork for the family's overall socioeconomic prosperity. Within the Jewish American cultural sphere, Jewish Americans have also developed a strong culture of entrepreneurship, for excellence in entrepreneurship and engagement in business and commerce is highly prized in Jewish culture. American Jews have also been drawn to various disciplines within academia such as physics, sociology, economics, psychology, mathematics, philosophy and linguistics (see
16124:
connection to a Jewish history of discrimination and otherness; a moral imperative to identify with the stranger; an anti-universalist impulse that does not want Jews to be among the "melted" in the proverbial melting pot; an experience of prejudice and awareness of the contingency of whiteness; a feeling that Jewish identity is not fully described by religion but has some ethnic/tribal component that feels more accurately described by race; and a discomfort with contemporary Jewish power and privilege."
7731:
5073:
9272:
14839:
Washington-based public interest groups. American Jews opposed to Oslo joined
Israelis "who brought their domestic issues to Washington" and together they pursued a campaign that focused most of its attention on Congress and the aid program. The dynamic was new to Washington. The Administration, the Rabin-Peres government, and some American Jewish groups teamed on one side while Israeli opposition groups and anti-Oslo American Jewish organizations pulled Congress in the other direction.
12730:
11410:
128:
5744:
5597:
4752:
9109:
9083:
8563:
8381:
8173:
7627:
6977:
6821:
5345:
5912:
5513:
5618:
8355:
8121:
7913:
7757:
7159:
6951:
5765:
5723:
5702:
4097:. As a result of lobbying, and hoping to better compete for the Jewish vote, both major party platforms had included a pro-Zionist plank since 1944, and supported the creation of a Jewish state; it had little apparent effect however, with 90% still voting other-than-Republican. In every election since, except for 1980, no Democratic presidential candidate has won with less than 67% of the Jewish vote. (In 1980, Carter obtained 45% of the Jewish vote. See below.)
5408:
8537:
8433:
7523:
5031:
24325:
9161:
5555:
5891:
9135:
8953:
8693:
8641:
8615:
8589:
8511:
8303:
8017:
7991:
7835:
7705:
7679:
7471:
7367:
7341:
7263:
7237:
7211:
7185:
7133:
7081:
6925:
6899:
6743:
6717:
6691:
6665:
5534:
4989:
5282:
8927:
5786:
5387:
7497:
6183:
5933:
11148:
8849:
7965:
7809:
7783:
7653:
7601:
5429:
5010:
8797:
8485:
8407:
8329:
8277:
8251:
8225:
8095:
8069:
8043:
7939:
7575:
7549:
7393:
7315:
7289:
7107:
7055:
7029:
7003:
6873:
6847:
6795:
6639:
6613:
6587:
6535:
6509:
6483:
5870:
5660:
5576:
5471:
5366:
5324:
5261:
5177:
5052:
4968:
11948:
11437:
5954:
9005:
8901:
8823:
8771:
7887:
6769:
6561:
5849:
5450:
5198:
5094:
4947:
4905:
12141:
10416:; this figure is compared with the general American population where 11% of Americans hold a graduate degree. White collar professional jobs have been attractive to Jews and much of the community tend to take up professional white collar careers requiring tertiary education involving formal credentials where the respectability and reputability of professional jobs is highly prized within Jewish culture. While 46% of Americans work in
4926:
16555:
imperative to identify with the stranger; an anti-universalist impulse that does not want Jews to be among the "melted" in the proverbial melting pot; an experience of prejudice and awareness of the contingency of whiteness; a feeling that Jewish identity is not fully described by religion but has some ethnic/tribal component that feels more accurately described by race; and a discomfort with contemporary Jewish power and privilege.
5135:
150:
8745:
8667:
8147:
5681:
5492:
5240:
9057:
8979:
5303:
5156:
3024:. The suburbs facilitated the formation of new centers, as Jewish school enrollment more than doubled between the end of World War II and the mid-1950s, while synagogue affiliation jumped from 20% in 1930 to 60% in 1960; the fastest growth came in Reform and, especially, Conservative congregations. More recent waves of Jewish emigration from Russia and other regions have largely joined the mainstream American Jewish community.
12716:
5807:
8719:
7861:
7419:
5828:
5639:
5219:
9460:, especially outside of intellectual elites. Similarly, Kenneth Marcus observes a number of ambivalent cultural phenomena which have also been noted by other scholars, and he concludes that "the veneer of whiteness has not established conclusively the racial construction of American Jews". The relationship between American Jews and white majority identity continues to be described as "complicated". Many American
164:
12246:. About 50,000 other decorations and awards were given to Jewish military personnel, making a total of 52,000 decorations. During this period, Jews were approximately 3.3 percent of the total U.S. population but they constituted about 4.23 percent of the U.S. armed forces. About 60 percent of all Jewish physicians in the United States who were under 45 years of age were in service as military physicians and
17457:
9476:) are classified as white by the US census. Mizrahi Jews sometimes identify as Jews of color, but often do not, and they may or may not be considered people of color by society. Syrian Jews rarely identify as Jews of color and are generally not considered Jews of color by society. Many Syrian Jews identify as white, Middle Eastern, or otherwise non-white rather than as Jews of color.
9441:
Jews were not targeted by laws against interracial marriage, were allowed to attend whites-only schools, and were classified as white in the Jim Crow South. The sociologists Philip Q. Yang and
Kavitha Koshy have also questioned what they call the "becoming white thesis", noting that most Jews of European descent have been legally classified as white since the first US census in
13448:
19276:
14801:
news. As one commentator put it, after a year of tension between Israel and the United States, "there was an audible sigh of relief from
American and Jewish liberals. Once again, they could support Israel as good Jews, committed liberals, and loyal Americans." The community "could embrace the Jewish state, without compromising either its liberalism or its patriotism".
2785:. As of 2020, the American Jewish population is estimated at 7.5 million people, accounting for 2.4% of the total US population. This includes 4.2 million adults who identify their religion as Jewish, 1.5 million Jewish adults who identify with no religion, and 1.8 million Jewish children. It is estimated that up to 15,000,000 Americans are part of the
12501:, but they started their own. The WASP dominance in law ended when a number of major Jewish law firms attained elite status in dealing with top-ranked corporations. As late as 1950 there was not a single large Jewish law firm in New York City. However, by 1965 six of the 20 largest firms were Jewish; by 1980 four of the ten largest were Jewish.
11486:, and 38% were concerned that Trump was encouraging right-wing extremism. Views of the Democratic and Republican parties were milder: 28% were concerned that Republicans were making alliances with white nationalists and tolerating anti-Semitism within their ranks, while 27% were concerned that Democrats were tolerating
9228:, have significantly higher birth rates and lower intermarriage rates, and are growing rapidly. The proportion of Jewish synagogue members who were Orthodox rose from 11% in 1971 to 21% in 2000, while the overall Jewish community declined in number. In 2000, there were 360,000 so-called "ultra-orthodox" (
10460:
poverty are disproportionately likely to be children, young adults, the elderly, people with low educational attainment, part-time workers, immigrants from the former Soviet Union, immigrants without
American citizenship, Holocaust survivors, Orthodox families, and single adults including single parents.
11648:
Since the time of the last major wave of Jewish immigration to
America (over 2,000,000 Jews from Eastern Europe who arrived between 1890 and 1924), Jewish secular culture in the United States has become integrated in almost every important way with the broader American culture. Many aspects of Jewish
11568:
from its onset than any other ethnic group, or even most
Americans. The greater opposition to the war was not simply a result of high Democratic identification among Jewish Americans, as Jewish Americans of all political persuasions were more likely to oppose the war than non-Jews who shared the same
10381:
plays a major role as a part of Jewish identity. As Jewish culture puts a special premium on it and stresses the importance of cultivation of intellectual pursuits, scholarship, and learning, American Jews as a group tend to be better educated and earn more than
Americans as a whole. Jewish Americans
4811:
presents evidence to suggest that both these figures may be underestimations with a potential 7.0–7.4 million
Americans of Jewish descent. Those higher estimates were however arrived at by including all non-Jewish family members and household members, rather than surveyed individuals. In a 2019 study
12629:
Since many careers in science, business, and academia generally pay well, Jewish
Americans also tend to have a somewhat higher average income than most Americans. The 2000–2001 National Jewish Population Survey shows that the median income of a Jewish family is $ 54,000 a year ($ 5,000 more than the
12399:
American Jews in the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries played a major role in developing America's financial services industry, both at investment banks and with investment funds. German Jewish bankers began to assume a major role in American finance in the 1830s when government and private borrowing to
11577:
A 2013 Pew Research Center survey suggests that American Jews' views on domestic politics are intertwined with the community's self-definition as a persecuted minority who benefited from the liberties and societal shifts in the United States and feel obligated to help other minorities enjoy the same
11194:
found that 16% of American Jews go to the synagogue at least once a month, 42% go less frequently but at least once a year, and 42% go less frequently than once a year. The survey found that of the 4.3 million strongly connected Jews, 46% belong to a synagogue. Among those households who belong to a
10459:
While the median income of Jewish Americans is high, some Jewish communities have high levels of poverty. In the New York area, there are approximately 560,000 Jews living in poor or near-poor households, representing about 20% of the New York metropolitan Jewish community. Jewish people affected by
9582:
Relations between American Jews of African descent and other Jewish Americans are generally cordial. There are, however, disagreements with a specific minority of Black Hebrew Israelites community from among African Americans who consider themselves, but not other Jews, to be the true descendants of
9440:
has questioned the idea that American Jews were once considered non-white, writing that American Jews were "indeed considered white by law and by custom" despite the fact that they experienced "discrimination, hostility, assertions of inferiority and occasionally even violence." Bernstein notes that
4794:
that the American Jewish population totaled 7.15 million, making up 2.17% of the country's 329.5 million inhabitants. In the same year, the American Jewish population was estimated at 7.6 million people, accounting for 2.4% of the total US population, by other organization. This includes 4.9 million
12285:
Jews have been involved in the American folk music scene since the late 19th century; these tended to be refugees from Central and Eastern Europe, and significantly more economically disadvantaged than their established Western European Sephardic coreligionists. Historians see it as a legacy of the
14838:
The Palestinian aid effort was certainly not helped by the heated debate that quickly developed inside the Beltway. Not only was the Israeli electorate divided on the Oslo accords, but so, too, was the American Jewish community, particularly at the leadership level and among the major New York and
12024:
There are a diversity of Hispanic Jews living in America. The oldest community is that of the Sephardi Jews of New Netherland. Their ancestors had fled Spain or Portugal during the Inquisition for the Netherlands, and then came to New Netherland. Though there is dispute over whether they should be
11178:
Jewish religious practice in America is quite varied. Among the 4.3 million American Jews described as "strongly connected" to Judaism, over 80% report some sort of active engagement with Judaism, ranging from attending at daily prayer services on one end of the spectrum, to as little as attending
9631:
Hispanic and Latin American Jews, particularly Hispanic and Latin American Ashkenazi Jews, often identify as white rather than as Jews of color. Some Jews with roots in Latin America may not identify as "Hispanic" or "Latino" at all, usually due to their recent European immigrant origins. American
9212:
A third of intermarried couples provide their children with a Jewish upbringing, and doing so is more common among intermarried families raising their children in areas with high Jewish populations. The Boston area, for example, is exceptional in that an estimated 60% of children of intermarriages
4717:, his foreign minister and chief architect of the peace accord. With the community so strongly divided, AIPAC and the Presidents Conference, which was tasked with representing the national Jewish consensus, struggled to keep the increasingly antagonistic discourse civil. Reflecting these tensions,
3110:
to their collective history and its transformation into a historical art form. They tell us how Jews have survived being uprooted and transformed. Many immigrant narratives bear a theme of the arbitrary nature of fate and the reduced state of immigrants in a new culture. By contrast, ethnic family
14803:
However, to some right wing Jews, the peace treaty was worrisome. From their perspective, Oslo was not just an affront to the sanctity of how they interpreted their culture, but also a personal threat to the lives and livelihood in the West Bank and Gaza, territory which was historically known as
12094:
Many individual Jews have made significant contributions to American popular culture. There have been many Jewish American actors and performers, ranging from early 1900s actors, to classic Hollywood film stars, and culminating in many currently known actors. The field of American comedy includes
10498:
were imposed at elite colleges and universities particularly in the Northeast, as a response to the growing number of children of recent Jewish immigrants; these limited the number of Jewish students accepted, and greatly reduced their previous attendance. Jewish enrollment at Cornell's School of
10427:
Much of the Jewish American community lead middle class lifestyles. While the median household net worth of the typical American family is $ 99,500, among American Jews the figure is $ 443,000. In addition, the median Jewish American income is estimated to be in the range of $ 97,000 to $ 98,000,
14800:
The 1993 Oslo Agreement made this split in the Jewish community official. Prime Minister Yitzak Rabin's handshake with Yasir Arafat during the September 13 White House ceremony elicited dramatically opposed reactions among American Jews. To the liberal universalists the accord was highly welcome
4802:
had placed the number of American Jews at 6.4 million, or approximately 2.1% of the total population. This figure is significantly higher than the previous large scale survey estimate, conducted by the 2000–2001 National Jewish Population estimates, which estimated 5.2 million Jews. A 2007 study
16554:
Today, many American Jews retain an ambivalence about whiteness, despite the fact that the vast majority have benefited and continue to benefit from white privilege. This ambivalence stems from many different places: a deep connection to a Jewish history of discrimination and otherness; a moral
16123:
Rosenbaum, Judith. Jewish Women's Archive. Accessed December 12, 2015. "Today, many American Jews retain an ambivalence about whiteness, despite the fact that the vast majority have benefited and continue to benefit from white privilege. This ambivalence stems from many different places: a deep
14898:
A 2013 Pew Research Center analysis of Jewish identification showed that in addition to the 1.8% of U.S. adults who identified their religion as Jewish (very similar to Gallup's estimate), another small percentage of Americans who did not initially say their religion was Jewish identified their
12395:
Jews have been involved in financial services since the colonial era. They received rights to trade fur, from the Dutch and Swedish colonies. British governors honored these rights after taking over. During the Revolutionary War, Haym Solomon helped create America's first semi-central bank, and
12382:
Dave Van Ronk observed that the behind the scenes 1950s folk scene "was at the very least 50 percent Jewish, and they adopted the music as part of their assimilation into the Anglo-American tradition which itself was largely an artificial construct but none the less provided us with some common
11625:
Jews in America also overwhelmingly oppose current United States marijuana policy. In 2009, eighty-six percent of Jewish Americans opposed arresting nonviolent marijuana smokers, compared to 61% for the population at large and 68% of all Democrats. Additionally, 85% of Jews in the United States
2872:
had arrived, migrating to the United States in large numbers due to antisemitic laws and restrictions in their countries of birth. They primarily became merchants and shop-owners. Gradually early Jewish arrivals from the east coast would travel westward, and in the fall of 1819 the first Jewish
11629:
A 2014 Pew Research survey titled "How Americans Feel About Religious Groups", found that Jews were viewed the most favorably of all other groups, with a rating of 63 out of 100. Jews were viewed most positively by fellow Jews, followed by white Evangelicals. Sixty percent of the 3,200 persons
4645:
This attention was based on a natural affinity toward and support for Israel in the Jewish community. The attention is also because of the ensuing and unresolved conflicts regarding the founding of Israel and the role for the Zionist movement going forward. A lively internal debate commenced,
9208:
will result in the eventual disappearance of the American Jewish community. Intermarriage rates have risen from roughly 6% in 1950 and 25% in 1974, to approximately 40–50% in the year 2000. By 2013, the intermarriage rate had risen to 71% for non-Orthodox Jews. This, in combination with the
11417:
Today, American Jews are a distinctive and influential group in the nation's politics. Jeffrey S. Helmreich writes that the ability of American Jews to effect this through political or financial clout is overestimated, that the primary influence lies in the group's voting patterns.
4535:... It is for these reasons that it is not merely sympathy and compassion for the black people of America that motivates us. It is, above all and beyond all such sympathies and emotions, a sense of complete identification and solidarity born of our own painful historic experience."
18306:
12082:
Yiddish theater was very well attended, and provided a training ground for performers and producers who moved to Hollywood in the 1920s. Many of the early Hollywood moguls and pioneers were Jewish. They played roles in the development of radio and television networks, typified by
11351:
s, an increasing number of American Jews have started to adopt Buddhist spiritual practices, while at the same time, they are continuing to identify with and practice Judaism. It may be the individual practices both Judaism and Buddhism. Notable American Jewish Buddhists include:
12039:
Although American Jews have contributed greatly to American arts in general, there still remains a distinctly Jewish American literature. Jewish American literature often explores the experience of being a Jew in America, and the conflicting pulls of secular society and history.
17165:
have all been used to refer to the group of peoples comprising the Germanic tribes, which include such peoples as Goths, whether Ostrogoths or Visigoths, Vandals and Franks, Burgundians, Alans, Langobards, Angles, Saxons, Jutes, Suebi and Alamanni. The entire region east of the
4570:
had a profound impact on the Jewish community in the United States, especially after 1960 as Holocaust education improved, as Jews tried to comprehend what had happened during it, and especially as they tried to commemorate it and grapple with it when they looked to the future.
4027:
In New York City, while the German-Jewish community was well established 'uptown', the more numerous Jews who migrated from Eastern Europe faced tension 'downtown' with Irish and German Catholic neighbors, especially the Irish Catholics who controlled Democratic Party Politics
2863:
Despite the fact that some of them were denied the right to vote or hold office in local jurisdictions, Sephardi Jews became active in community affairs in the 1790s, after they were granted political equality in the five states where they were most numerous. Until about 1830,
11272:, only 48% of American Jews do, compared to 79% and 90% of American Catholics and Protestants respectively. While 66% of Americans said that they were "absolutely certain" of God's existence, 24% of American Jews said the same. And though 9% of Americans believe that there is
12348:, from a Canadian Jewish family, has the longest running radio program "Oscar Brand's Folksong Festival" which has been on air consecutively since 1945 from New York City. And is the first American broadcast where the host himself will answer any personal correspondence.
11975:
in the New York City borough of Queens is home to 108th Street, which is called by some "Bukharian Broadway", a reference to the many stores and restaurants found on and around the street that have Bukharian influences. Many Bukharians are also represented in parts of
18490:
12355:, successor to the Almanac Singers, led by Pete Seeger, had a Jewish manager, and two of the four members of the group were Jewish (Gilbert and Hellerman). The B-side of "Good Night Irene" had the Hebrew folk song personally chosen for the record by Pete Seeger "
11478:, poll data from the Jewish Electorate Institute showed that 73% of Jewish voters felt less secure as Jews than before, 71% disapproved of Trump's handling of anti-Semitism (54% strongly disapprove), 59% felt that he bears "at least some responsibility" for the
9209:
comparatively low birthrate in the Jewish community, has led to a 5% decline in the Jewish population of the United States in the 1990s. In addition to this, when compared with the general American population, the American Jewish community is slightly older.
11939:
in Florida. 2010 estimates of the number of Jewish Russian-speaking households in the New York city area are around 92,000, and the number of individuals are somewhere between 223,000 and 350,000. Another high population of Russian Jews can be found in the
11521:
argues, with regard to the 2004 election: "Only 15% of Jews said that Israel was a key voting issue. Among those voters, 55% voted for Kerry (compared to 83% of Jewish voters not concerned with Israel)." Uslander goes on to point out that negative views of
4228:
to be elected president. Additionally, 83% of white Jews voted for Obama compared to just 34% of white Protestants and 47% of white Catholics, though 67% of those identifying with another religion and 71% identifying with no religion also voted Obama.
11589:
with 79% responding in a 2011 Pew poll that homosexuality should be "accepted by society", while the overall average in the same 2011 poll among Americans of all demographic groups was that 50%. A split on homosexuality exists by level of observance.
4625:. Support for political Zionism in this period, although growing in influence, remained a distinctly minority opinion among Jews in the United States until about 1944–45, when the early rumors and reports of the systematic mass murder of the Jews in
13118:
showed that only five percent of American Jews consider being Jewish solely in terms of being a member of a religious group. Thus, the vast majority of American Jews view themselves as members of an ethnic group and/or a cultural group, and/or a
2860:, a Polish-born Jew who emigrated to New York and played an important role in the American Revolution. He was a successful financier who supported the patriotic cause and helped raise most of the money needed to finance the American Revolution.
2749:
represented the bulk of America's then-small Jewish population. While their descendants are a minority nowadays, they represent the remainder of those original American Jews along with an array of other Jewish communities, including more recent
11432:
Though the majority (60–70%) of the country's Jews identify as Democratic, Jews span the political spectrum, with those at higher levels of observance being far more likely to vote Republican than their less observant and secular counterparts.
9512:(although a new category was recommended by the Census Bureau for the 2020 census). Estimates of the number of American Jews of African descent in the United States range from 20,000 to 200,000. Jews of African descent belong to all American
3111:
narratives tend to show the ethnicity more in charge of his life, and perhaps in danger of losing his Jewishness altogether. Some stories show how a family member successfully negotiated the conflict between ethnic and American identities.
18298:
12202:
The Civil War marked a transition for American Jews. It killed off the antisemitic canard, widespread in Europe, to the effect that Jews are cowardly, preferring to run from war rather than serve alongside their fellow citizens in battle.
4709:, where they warned that Israel was prostrating itself before "an armed thug", and predicted and that the "thirteenth of September is a date that will live in infamy". Some Zionists also criticized, often in harsh language, Prime Minister
17075:
13141:
14961:
3095:, rather than a racial, religious, or other views of Jewishness as a means to define Jews in a world that threatened to overwhelm and absorb Jewish uniqueness. The journal represented the ideals of the menorah movement established by
2917:, established in 1854 and still extant in Cincinnati. By 1880 there were approximately 250,000 Jews in the United States, many of them being the educated, and largely secular, German Jews, although a minority population of the older
9607:
Hispanic Jews have lived in what is now the United States since colonial times. The earliest Hispanic Jewish settlers were Sephardi Jews from Spain and Portugal. Beginning in the 1500s, some of the Spanish settlers in what is now
9289:. Jewish people are culturally diverse and may be of any race, ethnicity, or national origin. Many Jews have culturally assimilated into and are phenotypically indistinguishable from the dominant local populations of regions like
13421:
4873:. The metropolitan areas of New York City, Los Angeles, and Miami contain nearly one quarter of the world's Jews and the New York City metropolitan area itself contains around a quarter of all Jews living in the United States.
4089:, American Jews voted more solidly Democratic. They voted 90% for Roosevelt in the elections of 1940, and 1944, representing the highest of support, equaled only once since. In the election of 1948, Jewish support for Democrat
16510:
12321:
became influential in his own right. Asch's one-man corporation Folkways Records also released much of the music of Leadbelly and Pete Seeger from the '40s and '50s. Asch's large music catalog was voluntarily donated to the
10499:
Medicine fell from 40% to 4% between the world wars, and Harvard's fell from 30% to 4%. Before 1945, only a few Jewish professors were permitted as instructors at elite universities. In 1941, for example, antisemitism drove
10464:
is a major factor in the socioeconomic status of disabled Jews. Disabled Jews are significantly more likely to be low-income compared to able-bodied Jews, while high-income Jews are significantly less likely to be disabled.
13635:
Jews comprise 2.2% of the USA population, but they represent 30% of faculty at elite colleges, 21% of Ivy League students, 25% of the Turing Award winners, 23% of the wealthiest Americans, and 38% of the Oscar-winning film
18055:
4032:. Jews successfully established themselves in the garment trades and in the needle unions in New York. By the 1930s they were a major political factor in New York, with strong support for the most liberal programs of the
12602:
have made a major impact within mainstream American public life. Of American Nobel Prize winners, 37 percent have been Jewish Americans (18 times the percentage of Jews in the population), as have been 61 percent of the
12378:
is of German Jewish descent. Izzy Young who created the legendary Folklore Center in New York, and currently the Folklore Centrum near Mariatorget in Södermalm, Sweden, which relates to American and Swedish folk music.
4674:, and even ultimately to the United States for its "blind" support of Israel. Abandoning any pretense of unity, both segments began to develop separate advocacy and lobbying organizations. The liberal supporters of the
6408:, New Jersey (59%), with two of the incorporated areas, Kiryas Joel and Lakewood, having a high concentration of Haredi Jews, and one incorporated area, Beverly Hills, having a high concentration of non-Orthodox Jews.
11621:
In considering the trade-off between the economy and environmental protection, American Jews were significantly more likely than other religious groups (excepting Buddhism) to favor stronger environmental protection.
4706:
4641:
in 1948 and recognition thereof by the American government (following objections by American isolationists) was an indication of both its intrinsic support and its response to learning the horrors of the Holocaust.
4547:
period, the American Jewish community was bitterly and deeply divided and as a result, it was unable to form a united front. Most Jews who had previously emigrated to the United States from Eastern Europe supported
4650:. The American Jewish community was divided over whether or not they agreed with the Israeli response; the great majority came to accept the war as necessary. Similar tensions were aroused by the 1977 election of
21565:(Syracuse University Press; 2014) 384 pages; traces the history, dominance, and motivations of liberalism in the American Jewish political culture, and look at concerns about Israel and memories of the Holocaust.
18851:
13066:
11164:, 38% of Jews were affiliated with the Reform tradition, 35% were Conservative, 6% were Orthodox, 1% were Reconstructionists, 10% linked themselves to some other tradition, and 10% said they are "just Jewish".
4686:(IPF) and other groups friendly to the Labour government in Israel. They tried to assure Congress that American Jewry was behind the Accord and defended the efforts of the administration to help the fledgling
14808:, the peace treaty amounted to an appeasement of Palestinian terrorism. They and others repeatedly warned that the newly established Palestinian Authority (PA) would pose a serious security threat to Israel.
15194:
11167:
11606:
are. A 2007 survey of Conservative Jewish leaders and activists showed that an overwhelming majority supported gay rabbinical ordination and same-sex marriage. Accordingly, 78% of Jewish voters rejected
9419:
Jews of European descent, often referred to as white Jews, are classified as white by the US census and have generally been classified as legally white throughout American history. Many American Jews of
10432:
by the fact that the Jewish population is on average older than other religious groups in the country, with 51% of polled adults over the age of 50 compared to 41% nationally. Older people tend to both
22855:
20967:
15103:
19463:
16688:
11626:
opposed using federal law enforcement to close patient cooperatives for medical marijuana in states where medical marijuana is legal, compared to 67% of the population at large and 73% of Democrats.
11233:
are generally more observant than Jews in the South or West. Reflecting a trend also observed among other religious groups, Jews in the Northwestern United States are typically the least observant.
2935:
Jewish migration to the United States increased dramatically in the early 1880s, as a result of persecution and economic difficulties in parts of Eastern Europe. Most of these new immigrants were
15792:
3031:
of society, with numerous employments barred to them, to being a group with a high concentrations in members of the academia and a per capita income higher than the average in the United States.
16358:
9624:
speaking Jews from the Ottoman Empire, in what is now Greece, Turkey, Bulgaria, Libya, and Syria. These Spanish-speaking Sephardi Jews, as well as Sephardi Jews of European descent, such as the
21986:
Lachoff, Irwin (2019). "Reform in Mid Nineteenth-Century Jewish New Orleans: Achieving "the Spirit of Progress and Enlightenment" Through Acculturation, Residential Patterns, and Personality".
13135:
10456:. This reflects Jewish traditions of supporting social services as a way of living out the dictates of Jewish law. Most of the charities that benefit are not specifically Jewish organizations.
10096:. Because of poverty and turmoil in Latin America, another wave of Sephardic Jews joined other Latin Americans who migrated to the United States, Canada, Spain, and other countries of Europe.
19441:
11291:, with 80% accepting evolution, compared to 51% for Catholics, 32% for Protestants, and 16% of born-again Christians. They were also less likely to believe in supernatural phenomena such as
10068:
or France, where they form a significant portion of the Jewish communities today. Other significant communities of Sephardim Tehorim also migrated in more recent times from the Near East to
4243:
For congressional and senate races, since 1968, American Jews have voted about 70–80% for Democrats; this support increased to 87% for Democratic House candidates during the 2006 elections.
19823:
18369:
16581: : "Ambivalence was expressed in the counterpoint between Jewish intellectuals' embrace of whiteness and the more ambivalent responses to whiteness in Jewish popular culture" (p. 182).
16148: : "Ambivalence was expressed in the counterpoint between Jewish intellectuals' embrace of whiteness and the more ambivalent responses to whiteness in Jewish popular culture" (p. 182).
11561:, which are more reliable than pre-election polls, and the numbers are clear: Jews vote overwhelmingly Democratic," an assertion confirmed by the most recent presidential election results.
20036:
4786:
According to Gallup and Pew Research Center findings, "at maximum 2.2% of the US adult population has some basis for Jewish self-identification." In 2020, it was estimated by demographers
23098:
12610:
In the business world, it was found in 1995 that while Jewish Americans constituted less than 2.5 percent of the U.S. population, they occupied 7.7 percent of board seats at various U.S.
4579:: "To try to answer is to commit a supreme blasphemy. Israel enables us to bear the agony of Auschwitz without radical despair, to sense a ray God's radiance in the jungles of history."
18172:
15134:
14954:
17998:
9436:
and are rarely considered people of color in American society. According to the Pew Research Center, the majority of American Jews are non-Hispanic white Ashkenazi Jews. Law professor
4823:
The population of Americans of Jewish descent is demographically characterized by an aging population composition and low fertility rates significantly below generational replacement.
18221:
18029:
16946:
16288:
15001:
14561:
2991:
newspapers was half a million in New York City alone, and 600,000 nationally. In addition, thousands more subscribed to the numerous weekly papers and the many magazines in Yiddish.
16500:
16328:
14374:
19954:
19593:
18985:
20411:
18051:
11842:. Yiddish was once spoken as the primary language by most of the several million Ashkenazi Jews who migrated to the United States. It was, in fact, the original language in which
20751:
19217:
18336:
12462:
are large hedge funds cofounded by Jews. They have also played a pivotal role in the private equity industry, co-founding some of the largest firms in the United States, such as
23169:
15228:
14002:
11210:
do not have different branches (Orthodox, Conservative, Reform, etc.) but usually remain observant and religious. However, their synagogues are generally considered Orthodox or
23224:
16977:
15028:
4523:
on August 28, 1963: "As Jews we bring to this great demonstration, in which thousands of us proudly participate, a twofold experience—one of the spirit and one of our history.
15403:
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of Jewishness in favor of one that embraced ethnicity. The key to understanding this transition from a racial self-definition to a cultural or ethnic one can be found in the
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19009:
18276:
17687:
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14504:
13769:
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These parallel themes have facilitated the extraordinary economic, political, and social success of the American Jewish community, but also have contributed to widespread
15934:
4729:. The conference, which under its organizational guidelines was in charge of moderating communal discourse, reluctantly censured some Orthodox spokespeople for attacking
4078:
Although American Jews generally leaned Republican in the second half of the 19th century, the majority has voted Democratic since at least 1916, when they voted 55% for
21059:
18434:
18241:
16753:
16533:
16116:
9337:, while many solely identify as Jewish, resisting this identification. Several commentators have observed that "many American Jews retain a feeling of ambivalence about
1354:
20116:". International Conference "Russian-speaking Jewry in Global Perspective: Assimilation, Integration and Community-building". American Jewish Committee (AJC). June 2004
18862:
16387:
14416:
11534:
article suggests that the Jewish movement to the Republican party is focused heavily on faith-based issues, similar to the Catholic vote, which is credited for helping
9449:
that limited citizenship to "free White person(s)", and that they could find no legislative or judicial evidence that American Jews had ever been considered non-white.
23561:
20672:
19416:
14885:
13056:
11306:
A 2013 Pew Research Center report found that 1.7 million American Jewish adults, 1.6 million of whom were raised in Jewish homes or had Jewish ancestry, identified as
10469:, Jews of no denomination, and people who identify as "just Jewish" are also more likely to live in poverty compared to Jews affiliated with a religious denomination.
4690:(PA), including promises of financial aid. In a battle for public opinion, IPF commissioned a number of polls showing widespread support for Oslo among the community.
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16870:
9353:
view all Jews as non-white, even if they are of European descent. Some white nationalists believe that Jews can be white and a small number of white nationalists are
24362:
20332:
17547:
15823:
9931:
4350:
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6421:
is less widespread. The significant Israeli immigrant communities in the United States are in the New York City metropolitan area, Los Angeles, Miami, and Chicago.
6396:
area was home to about 83,000 Jews in 2002, and has been rapidly growing. The greatest Jewish population on a per-capita basis for incorporated areas in the US are
4564:
was largely ignored by American media as it was happening. Reporters and editors largely did not believe the stories of atrocities which were coming out of Europe.
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23091:
16438:
15186:
12753:
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15580:
15300:
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19499:
20007:"Detailed Language Spoken at Home and Ability to Speak English for Persons 5 Years and Over – 50 Languages with Greatest Number of Speakers: United States 1990"
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4143:
and only favored the Democrat by 65%, while Nixon more than doubled Republican Jewish support to 35%. In the election of 1976, Jewish voters supported Democrat
23725:
18403:
6426:
1932:
19864:
19681:
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13028:
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3126:. Some have argued that the Holocaust highlighted for Jews the importance of their ethnic identity at a time when other minorities were asserting their own.
1587:
1282:
19622:
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ownership. Of the 30 teams in the NBA, there are 14 Jewish principal owners. Several Jews have served as NBA commissioners including prior NBA commissioner
11214:
by non-Sephardic Jews. But, not all Sephardim are Orthodox; among the pioneers of Reform Judaism movement in the 1820s there was the Sephardic congregation
3027:
Americans of Jewish descent have been successful in many fields and aspects over the years. The Jewish community in America has gone from being part of the
23194:
20282:
Patterson, Alan Owen (February 2008). "The Eastern European Jewish Immigrant Experience with Baseball in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century".
19923:
11413:
Map of Jewish senators as of 2024. Blue indicates there is currently one Jewish senator from that state. Gray indicates no Jewish senators from that state.
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1474:
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25700:
25660:
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23310:
23174:
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20161:
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Korman, Gerd (1987). "Mass Murder Hides Holocaust: Beyond Belief: The American Press and the Coming of the Holocaust, 1933–1945 by Deborah E. Lipstadt".
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The great majority of school-age Jewish students attend public schools, although Jewish day schools and yeshivas are to be found throughout the country.
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which were then occurring across Europe. One important development was the sudden conversion of many American Jewish leaders to Zionism late in the war.
4151:'s 27%, but during the Carter re-election campaign of 1980, Jewish voters greatly abandoned the Democrat, with only 45% support, while Republican winner
2781:
Depending on religious definitions and varying population data, the United States has the largest or second largest Jewish community in the world, after
15784:
11931:
speak primarily Russian at home, and there are several notable communities where public life and business are carried out mainly in Russian, such as in
20044:
18624:
17369:
17217:
In general the Ashkenazi originally came out of the Holy Roman Empire, speaking a version of German that incorporates Hebrew and Slavic words, Yiddish.
15455:
14471:
14280:
12226:; about 11,000 of them were killed and more than 40,000 of them were wounded. There were three recipients of the Medal of Honor; 157 recipients of the
4783:, for the year 2023 Israel was home to 7.2 million Jews (46% of the world's Jewish population), while the United States contained 6.3 million (40.1%).
2682:
20994:
20388:
19714:
13391:
11140:. But, already in the 1980s, 20–30 percent of members of largest Jewish communities, such as of New York City, Chicago, Miami, and others, rejected a
23556:
23204:
20066:
19771:
14804:"Judea and Samaria". For these Jews, such as Morton Klein, the president of the Zionist organization of America, and Norman Podhoretz, the editor of
14396:
12286:
secular Yiddish theater, cantorial traditions and a desire to assimilate. By the 1940s Jews had become established in the American folk music scene.
4705:(JINSA) tried to counterbalance the power of the liberal Jews. On October 10, 1993, the opponents of the Palestinian-Israeli accord organized at the
2865:
446:
21717:; Bubis, Gerald B. (1990). "The Impact of Denomination: Differences in the Israel-Related Opinions of American Rabbis and Jewish Communal Workers".
12021:, which further encourages many to learn it as a second language. Some recent Israeli immigrants to America speak Hebrew as their primary language.
11916:) in the home and synagogue. They also support their own Persian language newspapers. Persian Jews also reside in eastern parts of New York such as
4271:) Republican. While many of these Members represented coastal cities and suburbs with significant Jewish populations, others did not (for instance,
19438:
16350:
14899:
secular heritage as Jewish. According to this research, at maximum 2.2% of the U.S. adult population has some basis for Jewish self-identification.
13187:
1469:
22819:(Rutgers University Press; 2012) 311 pages; scholarly essays on the liquor, real-estate, and scrap-metal industries, and Jews as union organizers.
19831:
18358:
15555:
11582:. On the other hand, Orthodox American Jews have domestic political views which are more similar to those of their religious Christian neighbors.
10420:
jobs, 61% of American Jews work as professionals, many of whom are highly educated, salaried professionals whose work is largely self-directed in
23566:
23538:
20715:
20014:
16619:
16186:
13536:
11343:, and those Jews who are without a Buddhist heritage, with between one fifth and 30% of all American Buddhists identifying as Jewish though only
10049:
diaspora); and all other places of their exiled settlement. They sometimes settled near existing Jewish communities, such as the one from former
4621:'s leftist domestic policies received strong Jewish support in the 1930s and 1940s, as did his anti-Nazi foreign policy and his promotion of the
1717:
19801:
18078:
17962:
15733:
15514:
13968:
11618:
A 2014 Pew poll found that American Jews mostly support abortion rights, with 83% answering that abortion should be legal in all or most cases.
26624:
26584:
24329:
20693:
17811:
15164:
11594:
rabbis in America perform same-sex marriages as a matter of routine, and there are fifteen LGBT Jewish congregations in North America. Reform,
10434:
4702:
3012:, and Jews quickly became part of American life. Approximately 500,000 American Jews (or half of all Jewish males between 18 and 50) fought in
2829:
since the mid-17th century. However, they were few in number, with at most 200 to 300 having arrived by 1700. Those early arrivals were mostly
19984:
18168:
17990:
17425:
15488:
15126:
13413:
4587:
25344:
24355:
20109:
17901:
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14553:
13044:
The number of U.S. dual citizens in Israel has been estimated at close to 300,000, while the number of French dual citizens is about 100,000.
10753:
4233:
1971:
19108:
18463:
18021:
16938:
16810:
15431:
13338:
13239:
4779:
factors. There were about four million adherents of Judaism in the US as of 2001, approximately 1.4% of the US population. According to the
23666:
23262:
20092:
18955:
18825:
18218:
16915:
15637:
15050:
14993:
13364:
11941:
4466:
2820:
17517:
17487:
16320:
14364:
4357:. He served as Majority Leader until 2014, when he resigned shortly after his loss in the Republican primary election for his House seat.
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24508:
24476:
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21115:
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19585:
18977:
18899:
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18539:
17343:
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also have an average of 14.7 years of schooling making them the most highly educated of all major religious groups in the United States.
4197:
became the first American Jew to run for national office on a major-party ticket when he was chosen as Democratic presidential candidate
956:
919:
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19242:
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18561:
17321:
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adults who identify their religion as Jewish, 1.2 million Jewish adults who identify with no religion, and 1.6 million Jewish children.
26634:
23740:
21025:
20748:
19385:
19214:
18929:
18328:
16840:
13994:
13688:
13622:
10538:, but was unable to obtain a permanent appointment as a result of a combination of tactical errors on his part and antisemitism on the
6168:
75:
20515:
17748:
15217:
9851:), developed after they had moved into northern Europe: beginning with Germany and France in the Middle Ages. For centuries they used
25653:
23965:
23912:
23710:
23472:
23179:
20135:
16748:
15955:
15610:
15187:"PRESS RELEASE: Population of Jews of Color is Increasing in U.S., Despite Undercounting in Population Studies | Leichtag Foundation"
14821:
12578:
for some of the causes), and have played a disproportionate role in numerous academic domains. Jewish American intellectuals such as
11578:
benefits. American Jews across age and gender lines tend to vote for and support politicians and policies which are supported by the
4420:
4174:
polled a respectable 35%, but during Bush's re-election attempt in 1992, his Jewish support dropped to just 11%, with 80% voting for
3004:(German and Yiddish for "Countryman Associations") for Jews from the same town or village. American Jewish writers of the time urged
1895:
24526:
16969:
15024:
2911:, and the oldest continuously published Jewish newspaper in the United States, and second-oldest continuous published in the world,
24766:
24426:
24380:
24348:
24134:
23483:
23449:
23295:
21534:
19264:
15845:
14994:"Population, Population Change, and Estimated Components of Population Change: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2020 (NST-EST2020-alldata)"
12758:
12129:
11468:
11452:
11237:
4520:
4217:
4190:
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1918:
116:
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15982:
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river in Western Germany and in Northern France dating to the Middle Ages. The traditional diaspora language of Ashkenazi Jews is
9587:. Black Hebrew Israelites are generally not considered members of the mainstream Jewish community, because they have not formally
9333:
and are considered white unless they are Ashkenazi Jews of color. Many American Jews identify themselves as being both Jewish and
4430:, there are 28 Jewish US Representatives. 25 are Democrats and the other 3 are Republicans. All 10 Jewish Senators are Democrats.
3099:
and others to promote a revival in Jewish cultural identity and combat the idea of race as a means to define or identify peoples.
24808:
24650:
24625:
24493:
23531:
21137:
20809:
19355:
19006:
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9946:
and the teachings of many Iberian Jewish philosophers). This article deals with Sephardim within the narrower ethnic definition.
4473:
4094:
1268:
20927:
20773:
15931:
15329:
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13710:
3074:
Scholars debate whether the historical experience of Jews in the United States has been such a unique experience as to validate
24835:
24466:
24446:
24436:
24401:
23491:
13794:, 96 (Sept. 2010), 201–24; David Sorkin, "Is American Jewry Exceptional? Comparing Jewish Emancipation in Europe and America,"
12644:
Jewish American people have had a large effect on the cuisine of the United States. Common foods eaten by Jewish Americans are
12557:
12073:
11823:. A variety of other languages are still spoken within some American Jewish communities that are representative of the various
10014:
9592:
9310:
6429:
calculated an 'expatriate rate' of 2.9 persons per thousand, putting Israel in the mid-range of expatriate rates among the 175
4670:
caused a further split among American Jews; this mirrored a similar split among Israelis and led to a parallel rift within the
2675:
1845:
1780:
1662:
21756:
An Exploration of religious gender differences amongst Jewish-American emerging adults of different socio-religious subgroups.
21051:
18426:
18238:
16744:
14747:
Roberta Strauss Feuerlicht. "The Fate of the Jews, A people torn between Israeli Power and Jewish Ethics". Times Books, 1983.
12566:
Many Jews have become remarkably successful as an entrepreneurial and professional minority in the United States. Many Jewish
4816:
it was found that approximately 12-15% of Jews in the United States, about 1,000,000 of 7,200,000 identify as multiracial and
25827:
24771:
24421:
23505:
23008:
22900:
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Religious Jews regarded those who assimilated with horror, and Zionists campaigned against assimilation as an act of treason.
14786:
14413:
13307:
13283:
13111:
12077:
11463:, despite Republican attempts to connect Obama to Muslim and pro-Palestinian causes. It has been suggested that running mate
10818:
10357:
9491:
9294:
4162:
During the Reagan re-election campaign of 1984, the Republican retained 31% of the Jewish vote, while 67% voted for Democrat
966:
22463:
Profiles in American Judaism: the Reform, Conservative, Orthodox, and Reconstructionist traditions in historical perspective
21185:
19408:
19198:
19055:
18716:
15084:
Sergio DellaPergola. "World Jewish Population, 2012." The American Jewish Year Book (2012) (Dordrecht: Springer) pp. 212–283
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12175:
served as Chief of Staff to President Barack Obama. The number of Jews elected to the House rose to an all-time high of 30.
9411:
community. The Indian Jewish Congregation of USA, headquartered in New York City, is the center of the organized community.
4830:
of 1990 asked 4.5 million adult Jews to identify their denomination. The national total showed 38% were affiliated with the
2775:
24742:
24541:
24471:
24456:
23453:
23335:
23239:
20729:
16862:
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Since the late 20th century, Jews have played a major role in the hedge fund industry, according to Zuckerman (2009). Thus
12135:
12069:
12061:
10676:
9247:
About half of the American Jews are considered to be religious. Out of this 2,831,000 religious Jewish population, 92% are
4804:
1404:
86:
20433:
20329:
19736:
18114:
17871:
17644:
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17141:, Jerusalem 1962, p. 219; p. 228 in PDF), the descendants of Ashkenaz had also originally settled in what was then called
15815:
14851:
14129:
14103:
11287:
A 2009 Harris Poll showed that American Jews constitute the one religious group which is most accepting of the science of
25811:
25041:
25034:
24967:
24754:
24640:
24481:
23445:
23131:
14621:
13557:
Yiddish is a dialect of German written in the Hebrew alphabet and based entirely on the East European Jewish population.
12991:
12125:
10718:
10504:
10445:
Jews had a median household income at $ 185,000 (compared to the American median household income of $ 59,000 for 2016).
10169:
1672:
1489:
1479:
719:
101:
18602:
17237:
16416:
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6441:, 4.3 million American Jews have some sort of strong connection to the Jewish community, whether religious or cultural.
24862:
24759:
24737:
24556:
24416:
23495:
23388:
23214:
23184:
22174:
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20384:
Union Hymnal: Songs and Prayers for Jewish Worship: Central Conference of American Rabbis, Committee on Synagogue Music
20040:
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18151:
17940:
17399:
16898:
14922:
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in 20th century's Israel. A majority of the Jewish population in the United States are Ashkenazi Jews who descend from
9240:
8 housing subsidies at a higher rate than the rest of the region, and half of the population in the Hasidic village of
2068:
2018:
1983:
1677:
1542:
1409:
19893:
19506:
25740:
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17016:
16894:"Do Ashkenazi Jews have a Higher than expected Cancer Burden? Implications for cancer control prioritization efforts"
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in the late 20th century. Since the 1990s, around 1000 Hebrew-speaking, Ethiopian Jews that had settled in Israel as
10282:
10270:
10266:
10258:
9875:. Most American Ashkenazi Jews are non-Hispanic whites, but a minority are Jews of color, Hispanic/Latino, or both.
7749:
6438:
4827:
4671:
4488:
4452:
2882:
2816:
2668:
1760:
1722:
1697:
1617:
1602:
1449:
1389:
1344:
60:
22948:; long sophisticated essays on status of Jews in U.S. and worldwide; the standard primary source used by historians.
19853:
19670:
19311:
18395:
15668:
14647:
11615:, the bill that banned gay marriage in California. No other ethnic or religious group voted as strongly against it.
9306:
24672:
24630:
24615:
24431:
24009:
23459:
22472:
22331:. Understanding American Judaism: Toward the Description of a Modern Religion, vol. 2. New York: KTAV Publ. House.
22309:. Understanding American Judaism: Toward the Description of a Modern Religion, vol. 1. New York: KTAV Publ. House.
21492:
20472:
19647:
16781:
15762:
14526:
13017:
12231:
12227:
11579:
10967:
10808:
10714:
10188:
6450:
6373:
4531:
and the yearning for freedom. During the Middle Ages my people lived for a thousand years in the ghettos of Europe.
4506:
4438:
4365:
4361:
4319:
of Rhode Island was the only Jewish American who was newly elected to the 112th Congress; he had been the Mayor of
4072:
2053:
2035:
1941:
1835:
1687:
1682:
1607:
1572:
1439:
17771:
16247:
14337:
10491:
instruction is also commonly offered at synagogues in the form of supplementary Hebrew schools or Sunday schools.
4527:... From our Jewish historic experience of three and a half thousand years we say: Our ancient history began with
24682:
24620:
23355:
22262:
Jewish Polity and American Civil Society: Communal Agencies and Religious Movements in the American Public Sphere
19915:
19615:
18663:
18487:
15588:
15051:"Brandeis University Study Finds that American-Jewish Population is Significantly Larger than Previously Thought"
14433:
12615:
12521:
12095:
many Jews. The legacy also includes songwriters and authors, for example the author of the song "Viva Las Vegas"
12057:
11608:
11494:
11314:
but also consider themselves ethnically Jewish. Another 700,000 American Christian adults considered themselves "
11113:(built in 1759), in Newport, Rhode Island, has the oldest still existing synagogue building in the United States.
9437:
9407:
lives in the New York City metropolitan area, in both New York state and New Jersey. Many are members of India's
8503:
8373:
7619:
6969:
6943:
6054:
4694:
4287:
of Memphis, Tennessee). The total number of Jews serving in the House of Representatives declined from 31 in the
4048:
caused a growing separation between blacks and Jews, though both groups remained solidly in the Democratic camp.
2571:
2470:
2025:
2008:
1961:
1860:
1770:
1707:
1657:
1637:
1632:
1552:
1526:
1501:
1379:
1369:
1359:
1339:
1334:
19135:
16463:
Sustaining Faith Traditions: Race, Ethnicity, and Religion Among the Latino and Asian American Second Generation
16078:
Sustaining Faith Traditions: Race, Ethnicity, and Religion Among the Latino and Asian American Second Generation
16018:"The "One Million Plan" and the Development of a Discourse about the Absorption of the Jews from Arab Countries"
12112:
The first generation of Jewish Americans who immigrated during the 1880–1924 peak period were not interested in
4497:
movements. In the mid-20th century, there were American Jews who were among the most active participants in the
2987:, establishing the world's major concentrations of the Jewish population. In 1915, the circulation of the daily
24727:
24702:
24583:
24503:
24396:
23929:
23730:
23478:
23421:
22781:
22602:
22336:
22314:
21921:
21332:
20365:
17836:
17710:
12459:
11972:
10228:
10224:
10192:
9860:
9205:
8347:
7463:
7073:
4776:
4445:
4315:
of New Hampshire did not run for re-election but instead (unsuccessfully) sought his state's open Senate seat.
2994:
At the beginning of the 20th century, these newly arrived Jews built support networks consisting of many small
2976:
2869:
2044:
2030:
1998:
1978:
1946:
1890:
1865:
1840:
1820:
1810:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1765:
1755:
1750:
1727:
1642:
1627:
1547:
1506:
1459:
1454:
1374:
1319:
108:
79:
21865:
From Fluidity to Rigidity: The Religious Worlds of Conservative and Orthodox Jews in Twentieth Century America
20157:
19166:
17568:
Weil, Shalva (1997) "Collective Designations and Collective Identity of Ethiopian Jews", in Shalva Weil (ed.)
17134:
14192:
14169:
10389:) report family incomes of over $ 100,000 compared to 19% of all Americans, with the next highest group being
9942:
from the influence of the Iberian Jewish exiles over the course of the last few centuries (including from the
9298:
26263:
24563:
24531:
24518:
23468:
23439:
23257:
20949:
16716:
15355:
12289:
Examples of the major impact Jews have had in the American folk music arena include, but are not limited to:
12219:
12161:
11479:
11336:
10657:
10369:
10204:
10061:
9421:
9377:
9322:
9193:
has also become a significant and controversial issue within the modern American Jewish community, with both
9127:
9101:
8581:
8529:
8165:
8113:
7515:
6813:
6405:
2940:
2465:
2003:
1988:
1951:
1913:
1885:
1875:
1870:
1855:
1850:
1830:
1815:
1800:
1775:
1741:
1712:
1612:
1597:
1521:
1511:
1429:
1399:
1324:
1310:
20990:
18628:
17361:
16999:
DellaPergola, Sergio (2019), "World Jewish Population, 2018", in Dashefsky, Arnold; Sheskin, Ira M. (eds.),
15459:
14463:
14272:
26333:
24635:
24568:
24461:
23671:
20382:
19706:
13383:
13209:
12494:
11128:
The American Jews' majority continues to identify themselves with Judaism and its main traditions, such as
10301:
10220:
10216:
9950:
9404:
9354:
9302:
8607:
8425:
8321:
7905:
7203:
7125:
6605:
4760:
4576:
4427:
4372:
4288:
4264:
3009:
2975:
with a heavy Jewish urban population, driven out mainly by economic reasons. Many Jews also emigrated from
2073:
1993:
1956:
1880:
1825:
1692:
1667:
1592:
1567:
1557:
1496:
1419:
1414:
1394:
1384:
1364:
1349:
1242:
946:
710:
705:
21795:. Introduction to New and Alternative Religions in America. Vol. 1–2. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Pub.
20070:
19767:
14400:
11517:
since 1945. Both major parties have made strong commitments in support of Israel. Dr. Eric Uslaner of the
9314:
26599:
26574:
26370:
24707:
24310:
24172:
23988:
23219:
21965:
21401:
Gurock, Jeffrey S (2013). "Writing New York's Twentieth Century Jewish History: A Five Borough Journey".
20454:
Dylan, Seeger, Lomax, Cohen all either write whole songs about it, or spend considerable time praising it
20010:
19980:
16251:
12467:
12448:
12180:
10184:
9943:
9625:
9282:
9153:
9075:
8841:
8555:
7827:
7359:
6735:
6631:
2834:
2789:
American Jewish population, accounting for 4.5% of the total US population, consisting of those who have
2063:
2058:
2013:
1966:
1652:
1622:
1582:
1577:
1434:
740:
22438:
18594:
17572:, Jerusalem: NCJW Research Institute for Innovation in Education, Hebrew University, pp. 35–48. (Hebrew)
9290:
4201:'s vice-presidential nominee. The elections of 2000 and 2004 saw continued Jewish support for Democrats
26355:
24578:
24182:
23950:
23229:
21423:
World of our Fathers: The journey of the East European Jews to America and the life they found and made
20324:
Adam Mendelsohn, "Beyond the Battlefield: Reevaluating the Legacy of the Civil War for American Jews,"
19562:
16611:
16596:
16178:
16163:
15540:
12768:
12239:
12034:
11226:
11219:
11141:
10971:
10543:
9446:
8919:
8009:
7983:
7879:
7593:
7567:
7177:
7151:
7099:
6553:
6362:
6358:
6187:
6035:
4459:
4108:
garnered 40% of the Jewish vote for his reelection, the best showing to date for the Republicans since
4064:
2984:
2537:
2382:
2090:
1484:
680:
670:
406:
64:
22508:"Goddess Religion, Postmodern Jewish Feminism, and the Complexity of Alternative Religious Identities"
20006:
17973:
17452:
13964:
13528:
12152:
Since 1845, a total of 34 Jews have served in the Senate, including the 14 present-day senators noted
11467:'s conservative views on social issues may have nudged Jews away from the McCain–Palin ticket. In the
26579:
26546:
26190:
25670:
25268:
23812:
23417:
23350:
23209:
23154:
22963:. Vol. 1. New York; Philadelphia, Pa: Columbia University Press; The Jewish Publication Society.
22069:
22048:
19793:
18852:"While Most Americans Believe in God, Only 36% Attend a Religious Service Once a Month or More Often"
18196:
The Triple Package: How Three Unlikely Traits Explain the Rise and Fall of Cultural Groups in America
18143:
The Triple Package: How Three Unlikely Traits Explain the Rise and Fall of Cultural Groups in America
18085:
17803:
15720:
15510:
14369:
14232:
11905:
11595:
11404:
11196:
10813:
10561:
was president of the University of Pennsylvania from 1994 to 2004 (and is currently president of the
9939:
9442:
8945:
8685:
8633:
8269:
7801:
7671:
7489:
7333:
7229:
6891:
6787:
6709:
6475:
6401:
6111:
4843:
3135:
2651:
2344:
2195:
2136:
1027:
82:
21327:. New Brunswick, NJ; New York: Brandeis University Center for Modern Jewish Studies; Behrman House.
20685:
20067:"Tech Paper 29: Table 6. Mother Tongue of the Foreign-Born Population: 1910 to 1940, 1960, and 1970"
17991:"In United States, religious minorities more likely to have college degrees than Christian majority"
17421:
17097:
15156:
13465:
13164:
American Jewish Year Book 2020 The Annual Record of the North American Jewish Communities Since 1899
11885:, including those from Arab countries such as Syria, Egypt, Iraq, Yemen, Morocco, Libya, etc. speak
11553:
that while "t is true that Republicans are making small and steady strides into the Jewish community
4613:. Jewish Americans organized large-scale boycotts of German merchandise during the 1930s to protest
4182:. Clinton's re-election campaign in 1996 maintained high Jewish support at 78%, with 16% supporting
26594:
26569:
25353:
25200:
24922:
24872:
24818:
24610:
24120:
23501:
23383:
23315:
23159:
20195:
19976:
17912:
16576:
16143:
15728:
15482:
14822:"Underwriting Peace in the Middle East: U.S. Foreign Policy and the Limits of Economic Inducements"
13425:
12525:
12455:
12330:
12065:
11483:
11215:
10349:
10321:
9224:
In contrast to the ongoing trends of assimilation, some communities within American Jewry, such as
9023:
8997:
8971:
8815:
8763:
8737:
8217:
7957:
7697:
7541:
7385:
7255:
6683:
6657:
6073:
4885:
in the American Jewish Yearbook, the distribution of the Jewish population in 2020 was as follows:
4813:
4791:
4630:
4516:
4353:, the first Jewish Republican to be selected for the position. In 2011, he became the first Jewish
4320:
4284:
2968:
2354:
2334:
1444:
924:
465:
22844:
22061:
20348:
Howard B. Rock, "Upheaval, Innovation, and Transformation: New York City Jews and the Civil War,"
20106:
17933:"Comparative Religions – U.S. Religious Landscape Study – Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life"
16711:
15216:
Kelman, Dr. Ari Y; Tapper, Dr. Aaron Hahn; Fonseca, Ms. Izabel; Saperstein, Dr. Aliya (May 2019).
13451: One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
11530:, traditionally more conservative in outlook as to social issues, favored the Republican Party. A
9452:
Several commentators have observed that "many American Jews retain a feeling of ambivalence about
4755:
Jewish Americans by state according to the American Jewish Yearbook, 2020 and the US Census Bureau
4067:, emanating from Eastern Europe. Many Jews rose to leadership positions in the early 20th century
4055:, the wave of Jews from Eastern Europe starting in the early 1880s were generally more liberal or
3081:
Korelitz (1996) shows how American Jews during the late 19th and early 20th centuries abandoned a
26531:
26138:
25680:
24850:
24786:
23300:
23126:
19109:"Religion & Ethics NewsWeekly . COVER STORY . Jews and American Buddhism . February 27, 1998"
18815:
18399:
17447:
16802:
15438:
14499:
13653:
13474:
13330:
13231:
13099:
12743:
12639:
12487:
12145:
12049:
11824:
11068:
10473:
10453:
10337:
10300:, mostly thousands from Lebanese, Syrian and Egyptian Jewish descent, as well as some from other
10274:
9903:
9495:
9275:
9201:
8893:
8789:
8477:
8295:
8087:
8035:
7775:
7645:
7307:
6865:
6761:
6527:
4679:
4626:
4068:
3075:
2980:
2763:
2495:
2485:
2450:
2329:
2319:
2102:
1273:
1215:
1049:
728:
685:
400:
204:
97:
23435:
23057:
22623:
20363:
Jewish Heroes and Heroines in America: World War II to the Present, A Judaica Collection Exhibit
19112:
18951:
15629:
15581:"Database on immigrants and expatriates:Emigration rates by country of birth (Total population)"
15057:
14778:
14772:
9263:
and 1% Other (mixed-race etc.). Almost this many non-religious Jews exist in the United States.
4338:
As of January 2014, there were five openly gay men serving in Congress and two are Jewish:
26629:
26318:
24877:
24732:
24603:
24227:
24177:
24127:
24002:
23995:
23981:
23841:
23760:
23626:
23431:
23427:
23325:
23234:
23164:
21107:
20229:
20223:
17509:
17479:
16836:
16806:
15633:
15410:
13508:
12701:
12604:
12517:
12298:
12101:
11518:
11444:
10695:
10562:
10413:
10394:
9432:
or identify as both Jewish and non-white. However, Jews of European descent rarely identify as
8659:
8191:
7437:
7281:
6130:
4722:
4572:
4552:, because they believed that a return to their ancestral homeland was the only solution to the
4519:, stated the following when he spoke from the podium at the Lincoln Memorial during the famous
4100:
During the 1952 and 1956 elections, Jewish voters cast 60% or more of their votes for Democrat
2913:
2614:
2349:
2263:
1329:
881:
500:
470:
89:
21637:
21308:. New Brunswick, NJ: Brandeis University Center for Modern Jewish Studies; Transaction Books.
21278:
20568:
Barry E. Supple, "A Business Elite: German-Jewish Financiers in Nineteenth-Century New York,"
18883:
18743:
18523:
17338:
17184:
15484:
Needs of the Community: A Classification of Needs & Services for the L.A. Jewish Community
14768:
14245:
13384:"The American Jewish Experience through the Nineteenth Century: Immigration and Acculturation"
13103:
13093:
13089:
9632:
Jews of Argentine, Brazilian, and Mexican descent are often Ashkenazi, but some are Sephardi.
9456:". Karen Brodkin explains this ambivalence as rooted in anxieties about the potential loss of
9341:". Karen Brodkin explains this ambivalence as rooted in anxieties about the potential loss of
4132:
garnered 81% of the Jewish vote in the 1968 elections in his losing bid for president against
4071:
and helped to found unions that played a major role in left-wing politics and, after 1936, in
26498:
26415:
26380:
26375:
26276:
25735:
25705:
25435:
25398:
25320:
25168:
25163:
24776:
24677:
24451:
24057:
23855:
23848:
23817:
22658:
21502:
21172:
Her works praise her: a history of Jewish women in America from colonial times to the present
20244:
In All His Glory: the Life and Times of William S. Paley and the Birth of Modern Broadcasting
19234:
19035:
18785:
18692:
18569:
18525:
The Gold and the Blue: A Personal Memoir of the University of California, 1949-1967, Volume 2
17963:"Religion in America: U.S. Religious Data, Demographics and Statistics – Pew Research Center"
17902:"Religion in America: U.S. Religious Data, Demographics and Statistics – Pew Research Center"
17316:
17260:
16642:
16461:
16209:
16076:
16017:
15902:
15254:
13808:
Korelitz, Seth (1997). "The Menorah Idea: From Religion to Culture, From Race to Ethnicity".
13560:
13274:
12444:
12401:
12337:
12258:
11827:
from around the world that have come together to make up all of America's Jewish population.
10785:
10619:
10574:
10530:
in 1965 became the first Jew to serve, albeit temporarily, as the leader of a major American
9588:
9501:
9485:
9241:
9218:
9186:
8711:
7931:
7411:
7021:
6012:
4746:
4687:
4618:
4498:
4354:
4086:
4041:
3240:
2767:
2505:
2500:
2445:
2233:
1148:
876:
863:
758:
475:
279:
269:
56:
21867:. Ann Arbor, Mi: Jean and Samuel Frankel Center for Judaic Studies, University of Michigan.
21269:
21249:
21017:
19381:
18921:
18460:
16832:
15690:
Rozenblit, Marsha L. (1982). "Review of Bela Vago's "Jewish Assimilation in Modern Times"".
13680:
13612:
9213:
are being raised Jewish, meaning that intermarriage would actually be contributing to a net
26488:
26478:
26468:
26458:
26410:
26301:
26296:
26291:
26281:
25720:
25685:
25675:
25512:
25330:
25300:
25254:
25120:
25095:
24917:
24855:
24747:
24078:
23974:
23715:
23630:
23272:
23199:
22956:
20759:
20507:
17740:
17089:
15399:
12735:
12440:
12341:
11921:
11599:
11129:
10804:
10578:
10438:
9513:
9393:
According to the Pew Research Center, fewer than 1% of American Jews in 2020 identified as
9368:
found that more than 90% of Jews who responded to its survey described themselves as being
9233:
9049:
9036:
8880:
8867:
8464:
8451:
8243:
8204:
8139:
7450:
5119:
5114:
4835:
4376:
4045:
3760:
3619:
3028:
2868:. Large-scale Jewish immigration commenced in the 19th century, when, by mid-century, many
2576:
2528:
2268:
2126:
939:
804:
793:
751:
314:
31:
21575:
Maisel, Louis Sandy; Forman, Ira N.; Altschiller, Donald; Bassett, Charles Walker (2004).
21395:
Handbook of American-Jewish literature: an analytical guide to topics, themes, and sources
20127:
18978:"National survey shows Jews leaving Judaism, assimilating, becoming Christians or "Nones""
18299:"Survey of Greater Washington, D.C. Jews Marks Improvement on Jewish Disability Inclusion"
15962:
15614:
14833:
12520:, came from a prominent Jewish family in Germany. Since then, several Jews have served as
12370:
in 1951, and edited by him until 1967, when the magazine stopped publication for decades.
12310:
11904:
community in the United States, notably the large community in and around Los Angeles and
10409:
if two-year vocational and community college diplomas and certificates are also included.
9620:, but there was no organized Jewish presence. Later waves of Sephardi immigration brought
6392:. In many metropolitan areas, the majority of Jewish families live in suburban areas. The
4059:
and became the political majority. Many came to America with experience in the socialist,
8:
26483:
26453:
26443:
26433:
26313:
26207:
25806:
25799:
25777:
25755:
25750:
25638:
25559:
25378:
25315:
25285:
25237:
25227:
25180:
25156:
25110:
25105:
24953:
24823:
24781:
24712:
24697:
24692:
24588:
24085:
23904:
23889:
23487:
23330:
22796:
22040:
21786:
20183:
16505:
16284:
16278:"A Portrait of Jewish Americans: Findings from a Pew Research Center Survey of U.S. Jews"
15981:
U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census of Population, Public Law 94-171 Redistricting Data File.
13562:
Why Didn't the Press Shout?: American & International Journalism During the Holocaust
12958:
12773:
12356:
12302:
12192:
12191:'s 2016 nomination been accepted, that number would have risen to four out of nine since
11981:
11917:
11064:
11021:
11002:
10948:
10891:
10531:
10428:
nearly twice as high the American national median. Either of these two statistics may be
10417:
10353:
10313:
9982:
9596:
9369:
9361:
9248:
9190:
7853:
4808:
4683:
4655:
4610:
4553:
3021:
3005:
2849:
2794:
2629:
2324:
1002:
869:
772:
765:
695:
583:
458:
112:
71:
68:
23076:
16321:"JEWISH AMERICANS IN 2020: 9. Race, ethnicity, heritage and immigration among U.S. Jews"
15852:
14059:
Neighbors in Conflict: The Irish, Germans, Jews and Italians of New York City, 1929–1941
10424:
such as engineering, science, medicine, investment banking, finance, law, and academia.
4767:). Precise population figures vary depending on whether Jews are accounted for based on
26506:
26473:
26463:
26438:
26347:
26286:
26271:
26256:
25725:
25695:
25623:
25601:
25569:
25547:
25502:
25497:
25492:
25479:
25440:
25430:
25425:
25388:
25363:
25290:
25232:
25195:
25144:
25139:
25011:
25004:
24989:
24972:
24948:
24927:
24912:
24902:
24887:
24867:
24845:
24791:
24722:
24687:
24187:
24023:
23834:
23587:
23340:
23121:
22862:
22851:
22329:
The Sectors of American Judaism: Reform, Orthodoxy, Conservatism, and Reconstructionism
22191:
22161:, City University of New York Graduate Center. An article on this survey is printed in
22003:
21734:
21582:
21462:
21451:
21429:
21239:
20803:
20536:
20307:
20299:
18332:
18142:
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16893:
15990:
15869:
15699:
15373:
15349:
14699:
14319:
13931:
13723:
13181:
12168:
11649:
American culture have, in turn, become part of the wider culture of the United States.
11440:
11364:
11029:
10975:
10929:
10638:
10570:
10512:
10406:
10093:
10064:, many of the Sephardim Tehorim from Western Asia and North Africa relocated to either
9836:
9827:. The term "Ashkenazi" refers to Jewish settlers who established communities along the
5896:
4634:
4505:
movements. A number of American Jews have also been active figures in the struggle for
4469:
4384:
4101:
4056:
4037:
3308:
2944:
2889:, the father of Reform Judaism in the United States, such as the inclusion of women in
2480:
2430:
2377:
2372:
2286:
2156:
1424:
1253:
1012:
932:
786:
352:
250:
22015:
Lazerwitz, Bernard Melvin; Winter, J. Alan; Dashefsky, Arnold; Tabory, Ephram (1998).
21145:
20555:
Vincent P. Carosso, "A Financial Elite: New York's German-Jewish Investment Bankers,"
19347:
17613:
13790:
Tony Michels, "Is America 'Different'? A Critique of American Jewish Exceptionalism,"
11944:
of San Francisco where Russian markets stand alongside the numerous Asian businesses.
26564:
26448:
26390:
26323:
25782:
25767:
25760:
25730:
25690:
25665:
25648:
25606:
25574:
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25527:
25522:
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22265:
22239:
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22141:
22117:
22095:
22022:
21995:
21972:
21938:
21917:
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21860:
21846:
21836:
21814:
21806:
21796:
21772:
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21694:
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21647:
21624:
21614:
21512:
21358:
21328:
21309:
21288:
21200:
20943:
20930:. Asia Times Online. January 10, 2014. Archived from the original on January 10, 2014
20311:
20199:
20188:
19045:
18889:
18791:
18749:
18706:
18529:
18199:
18147:
17677:
17362:"Latino, Hispanic or Sephardic? A Sephardi Jew explains some commonly confused terms"
17266:
17194:
17050:
17026:
17012:
16939:"Mapped: Where Sephardic Jews live after they were kicked out of Spain 500 years ago"
16907:
16648:
16569:
16467:
16215:
16136:
16082:
16025:
15260:
14782:
14748:
14323:
13935:
13923:
13871:
13864:
13844:
13817:
13566:
13279:
13265:
13167:
13107:
12340:, Wein, Bikel and Grossman (Seeger is not) were Jewish. Albert Grossman put together
12262:
12157:
11936:
11639:
11549:
11353:
11311:
11211:
11033:
10910:
10466:
9935:
9907:
9820:
9816:
9461:
9373:
9346:
8399:
6453:
as of 2011 with the largest Jewish communities, as a percentage of population, were:
4605:
became a well-organized movement in the U.S. with the involvement of leaders such as
4591:
4225:
4171:
4139:
During the Nixon re-election campaign of 1972, Jewish voters were apprehensive about
4109:
4105:
3895:
3636:
3354:
2939:-speaking Ashkenazi Jews, most of whom arrived from poor diaspora communities of the
2826:
2624:
2566:
2546:
2363:
1923:
1562:
1022:
893:
823:
700:
613:
480:
340:
323:
255:
235:
93:
26180:
25994:
24340:
22993:
22945:
22157:; Kosmin, Barry; Keysar, Ariela. "The American Jewish Identity Survey", a subset of
14302:
F. Weisberg, Herbert (2012). "Reconsidering Jewish Presidential Voting Statistics".
11195:
synagogue, 38% are members of Reform synagogues, 33% Conservative, 22% Orthodox, 2%
26400:
26395:
26385:
26365:
26044:
25922:
25842:
25772:
25745:
25715:
25628:
25611:
25589:
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25413:
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25068:
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24984:
24977:
24958:
24934:
24907:
24813:
24546:
24050:
23936:
23750:
22952:
22522:
22421:. Judaism in Cold War America, 1945–1990, vol. 10. New York; London: Garland Publ.
22222:
22198:
22169:
21928:
21690:
21661:
21410:
20867:
20855:
20291:
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18879:
17648:
17150:
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12314:
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12084:
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12002:
11909:
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11849:
11839:
11820:
11603:
11527:
11384:
11133:
11025:
10744:
10566:
10402:
10378:
10341:
10290:
10046:
9848:
9824:
9524:
9225:
9204:, many members of the Jewish community have become concerned that the high rate of
8802:
8490:
8334:
8282:
8100:
8074:
8048:
7736:
7723:
7398:
7060:
6878:
6852:
6800:
6618:
6592:
6540:
6514:
6488:
6418:
6242:
6216:
5581:
5078:
4882:
4881:
According to a study published by demographers and sociologists Ira M. Sheskin and
4839:
4787:
4659:
4396:
4257:
4250:
4156:
4060:
3096:
2936:
2886:
2594:
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2435:
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1158:
914:
818:
733:
623:
415:
318:
285:
275:
245:
230:
215:
180:
22535:
22399:. Judaism in Cold War America, 1945–1990, vol. 7. New York; London: Garland Publ.
22377:. Judaism in Cold War America, 1945–1990, vol. 6. New York; London: Garland Publ.
16351:"How the Indian Jewish community is preserving traditions for the next generation"
15218:"An Analysis of American Jewish Population Studies, with a Focus on Jews of Color"
13299:
12091:. Stephen J. Whitfield states that "The Sarnoff family was long dominant at NBC."
10183:
Jewish communities from Western Asia and North Africa; in this classification are
4360:
In 2013, Pew found that 70% of American Jews identified with or leaned toward the
4240:
became the first Jewish candidate to win a state's presidential primary election.
26360:
26308:
25949:
25912:
25867:
25794:
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22559:
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22105:
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22016:
21932:
21909:
21886:
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21790:
21766:
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21684:
21641:
21608:
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21498:
21472:
21352:
21348:
21303:
21282:
21259:
21227:
21192:
20813:
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20736:
20369:
20336:
20113:
19654:
19445:
19221:
19202:
19195:
19039:
19013:
18781:
18739:
18700:
18688:
18494:
18467:
18245:
18225:
17347:
17325:
17138:
17086:
16501:"Sorry, but the Irish were always 'white' (and so were Italians, Jews and so on)"
16120:
16022:
The Disenchantment of the Orient: Expertise in Arab Affairs and the Israeli State
15986:
15938:
15096:"Subjected to anti-Semitism and racism, Jews of color feel 'stuck in the middle'"
14420:
14246:"Local Exit Polls – Election Center 2008 – Elections & Politics from CNN.com"
14228:
14166:"The Israel swing factor: how the American Jewish vote influences U.S. elections"
13717:
13461:
13368:
13361:
12936:
12920:
12897:
12888:
12882:
12870:
12630:
average family) and 34% of Jewish households report income over $ 75,000 a year.
12595:
12591:
12571:
12567:
12529:
12498:
12421:
12413:
12188:
11988:
11913:
11831:
11388:
11332:
11327:
11277:
11265:
11110:
10527:
10500:
10495:
10488:
10477:
10110:
9986:
9954:
9864:
9856:
9852:
9812:
9798:
9568:
9544:
9536:
9457:
9453:
9401:
9394:
9350:
9342:
9338:
9286:
6393:
6092:
4493:
Members of the American Jewish community have included prominent participants in
4448:
4408:
4392:
4343:
4316:
4246:
4167:
4140:
4129:
4125:
4113:
4090:
3804:
3716:
3654:
3554:
3448:
3387:
3371:
3336:
3223:
3123:
3087:
3082:
3017:
2972:
2924:
2900:
2853:
2842:
2556:
2515:
2510:
2490:
2412:
2406:
2339:
2291:
2131:
2112:
1263:
992:
904:
887:
431:
260:
240:
225:
219:
104:
17008:
11870:("an obnoxious, contemptible person", euphemism for "penis"), and, depending on
11421:"Jews have devoted themselves to politics with almost religious fervor," writes
9500:
The American Jewish community includes African American Jews and other American
26541:
26202:
26155:
26019:
26014:
25979:
25964:
25542:
25358:
25325:
24803:
24798:
24016:
23765:
23651:
23464:
22827:
Ambivalent American Jew: Politics, Religion, and Family in American Jewish Life
22806:
22555:
22257:
22253:
22021:. SUNY series in American Jewish Society in the 1990s. Albany, NY: SUNY Press.
21960:
21905:
20851:
20429:
19744:
18302:
18118:
17582:
17146:
16036:
15932:
Orthodox Population Grows Faster Than First Figures in Pew #JewishAmerica Study
15536:
15513:. Ira Sheskin University of Miami, Arnold Dashefsky University of Connecticut.
15127:"US Jewish recognition of Jews of color took decades of sweat, blood and tears"
14583:
14133:
14107:
13469:
12721:
12575:
12533:
12483:
12429:
12405:
12266:
12207:
12196:
11932:
11835:
11643:
11591:
11535:
11523:
11506:
11360:
11356:
11241:
11180:
11152:
11137:
11106:
10516:
10484:
10442:
10373:
10317:
9872:
9868:
9789:
9745:
9654:
9635:
9517:
9509:
9330:
9326:
9318:
6400:
Village, New York (greater than 93% based on language spoken in home), City of
6365:
in Israel. Several other major cities have large Jewish communities, including
6149:
5749:
5602:
4831:
4734:
4730:
4718:
4651:
4622:
4606:
4595:
4441:
4416:
4380:
4332:
4328:
4237:
4210:
4163:
4121:
4079:
3940:
3672:
3432:
3174:
3091:
between 1915 and 1925. During this time contributors to the Menorah promoted a
2928:
2838:
2790:
2771:
2742:
2656:
2455:
2310:
2190:
2169:
2146:
2141:
2119:
2107:
1702:
1183:
1117:
1082:
1060:
997:
835:
813:
675:
654:
630:
396:
378:
327:
310:
210:
17540:"Who Are the Mizrahi (Oriental/Arab) Jews? - Israeli-Palestinian - ProCon.org"
14617:
14434:"Jews - Religion in America: U.S. Religious Data, Demographics and Statistics"
14315:
11497:, 77% of American Jews voted for Joe Biden, while 22% voted for Donald Trump.
9271:
26618:
26247:
26118:
26066:
26054:
26049:
26039:
26029:
26024:
25944:
25917:
25907:
25902:
25897:
24289:
23920:
23785:
23775:
23656:
23621:
23018:
22662:
22578:
22414:
22392:
22370:
22355:
22345:
22324:
22302:
22279:
22226:
21999:
21825:
21818:
21762:
21730:
21100:
20859:
18696:
17932:
17298:
17229:
17042:
15660:
13927:
13848:
13821:
13452:
13061:
12516:
in the United States and one of the first governors of the newly established
12479:
12433:
12417:
12306:
12294:
12106:
12014:
11956:
11426:
11422:
11392:
11376:
11281:
11269:
11261:
11203:
10515:
English department in 1943, but the Economics department decided not to hire
10262:
10250:
10232:
10212:
10200:
10069:
9884:
9719:
9706:
9667:
9621:
9576:
9572:
9552:
9540:
9528:
9505:
9433:
9114:
9088:
8568:
8386:
8178:
7632:
7047:
6982:
6917:
6826:
6385:
6255:
5917:
5518:
5350:
4866:
4854:
4850:
4817:
4780:
4772:
4763:, either the largest in the world, or the second-largest in the world (after
4710:
4567:
4561:
4557:
4512:
4280:
4194:
4152:
4133:
4117:
3866:
3821:
3788:
3207:
3115:
3000:
2979:. Over 2,000,000 Jews landed between the late 19th century and 1924 when the
2967:. During the same period, great numbers of Ashkenazic Jews also arrived from
2918:
2874:
2857:
2830:
2798:
2751:
2604:
2599:
1805:
1732:
1258:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1087:
1065:
1017:
779:
618:
523:
485:
436:
194:
133:
22526:
21628:
21387:
The Star and the Stripes: A History of the Foreign Policies of American Jews
21081:
19486:
The Star and the Stripes: A History of the Foreign Policies of American Jews
18219:
5 key takeaways, some surprising, from new survey of US Modern Orthodox Jews
17422:"Jews migration to the Dominican Republic to seek refuge from the Holocaust"
17391:
16433:
11963:, a dialect of Tajik Persian. They publish their own newspapers such as the
11526:
had a distinctly negative impact for Republicans among Jewish voters, while
11409:
9380:, and 2% described themselves as having other racial or ethnic backgrounds.
2907:, one of the largest producers of American kosher products and now based in
2866:
Charleston, South Carolina had more Jews than anywhere else in North America
26227:
26103:
25887:
24305:
24203:
24043:
23959:
23635:
22878:
22856:
To the Golden Cities: Pursuing the American Jewish Dream in Miami and L. A.
22513:
22440:
Modern Jewish Religious Movements: A History of Emancipation and Abjustment
21745:
19889:
18820:
18656:"College Guide – Hillels Guide to Jewish Life at Colleges and Universities"
16911:
16035:
p. 86: "The principal significance of this plan lies in the fact, noted by
13269:
12685:
12653:
12611:
12587:
12541:
12537:
12513:
12509:
12452:
12409:
12367:
12318:
12274:
12270:
12223:
12172:
11928:
11901:
11882:
11487:
11475:
11456:
11207:
10558:
10297:
10286:
10246:
10208:
10165:
10105:
10018:
9958:
9927:
9923:
9919:
9732:
9680:
9564:
9560:
9548:
9473:
9425:
9334:
9260:
9256:
9217:
in the number of Jews. As well, some children raised through intermarriage
8360:
8126:
7918:
7762:
7164:
6956:
6389:
6346:
5770:
5728:
5707:
5623:
4726:
4714:
4667:
4614:
4544:
4494:
4476:
4455:
4388:
4308:
4300:
4276:
4221:
4175:
4144:
4052:
4029:
4001:
3732:
3526:
3465:
3404:
3291:
3191:
3013:
2904:
2873:
religious services west of the Appalachian Range were conducted during the
2755:
2735:
2723:
2634:
2460:
2301:
2296:
2254:
2207:
1301:
1168:
1153:
1112:
1077:
690:
532:
23071:
22626:
Uses survey data to map the religious beliefs of American Jews, 1973–2002.
21610:
Evangelizing the Chosen People: Missions to the Jews in America, 1880–2000
20749:"TPG Sells Shares of Indian Company – Win-win for Everybody!" By Orna Taub
19529:"President Benefits From Efforts to Build a Coalition of Religious Voters"
19460:"Over three-quarters of U.S. Jews Voted for Biden in Election, Poll Finds"
19078:
16681:"For Some Americans Of MENA Descent, Checking A Census Box Is Complicated"
16053:
15585:
Organisation for Economic Co-ordination and Development, Statistics Portal
14527:"Jewish Members of U.S. Congress: House of Representatives (1845-Present)"
13919:
13278:. Vol. 20 (2nd ed.). Detroit: Macmillan Reference. p. 305.
12396:
advised Alexander Hamilton on the building of America's financial system.
10584:
10160:, are the descendants of the local Jewish communities that had existed in
4260:, who was Florida's first Senator, serving 1845–1851 and again 1855–1861.
26222:
26143:
26123:
26009:
25882:
25787:
23898:
23876:
22131:
21379:
History of the Jews in the United States § Historiography and memory
21232:
21177:
21167:
20219:
18271:
16866:
14643:
14086:
13457:
12689:
12661:
12623:
12619:
12599:
12579:
12471:
12425:
12352:
12345:
12323:
12243:
12184:
11844:
11586:
11540:
11464:
11460:
11372:
11368:
11257:
11191:
10550:
10508:
10429:
10398:
10386:
10328:
10196:
10180:
10089:
9994:
9758:
9617:
9591:, and they are not ethnically related to other Jews. One such group, the
9556:
9408:
8542:
8438:
7528:
6397:
6366:
6294:
5413:
5036:
4858:
4751:
4675:
4647:
4404:
4339:
4324:
4296:
4272:
4268:
4148:
3984:
3968:
3849:
3587:
Jewish vote to the Republican Party in Presidential elections since 1916
3141:
Jewish vote to the Democratic Party in Presidential elections since 1916
3119:
3107:
2896:
2759:
2738:. An additional 6% identify as some combination of the three categories.
2619:
2561:
2226:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1092:
23037:
22140:. Religion in North America. Bloomington, In: Indiana University Press.
21738:
21482:
20464:
20303:
20295:
20255:
Stephen J. Whitfield, "The Jewish contribution to American journalism."
19977:"Appendix Table 2. Languages Spoken at Home: 1980, 1990, 2000, and 2007"
18052:"Hindus are the most educated group in the US, least educated worldwide"
17741:"New Study Claims US Jews Have Reasons to Be Proud – Latest News Briefs"
16775:
15080:
15078:
13751:, edited by Seymour Martin Lipset, (Transaction Publishers 1990), page 3
12408:(Rothschild's agent in New York and a leading Democrat), Philip Speyer,
10053:, or were the first in new frontiers, with their furthest reach via the
4737:
in New York and an ardent supporter of that version of a peace process.
4263:
There were 19 Jews among the 435 US Representatives at the start of the
26185:
26128:
25959:
24284:
24249:
24232:
24208:
23606:
22154:
22007:
21594:
Jews against Prejudice: American Jews and the Fight for Civil Liberties
21414:
20270:
From the Lower East Side to Hollywood: Jews in American Popular Culture
19174:
15703:
14852:"Jewish Population Rises to 15.7 Million Worldwide | The Jewish Agency"
14703:
14072:
What Went Wrong? The Creation and Collapse of the Black-Jewish Alliance
13498:, transl. from the German and ed. by David Philipson, Cincinnati, 1901;
12375:
11558:
11380:
11339:; this is specifically the case among those Jews whose parents are not
11307:
10554:
10523:
10461:
10421:
10401:) of American Jews have, the second highest of any ethnic groups after
9609:
9584:
9532:
9472:
Jews of Middle Eastern and North African descent (often referred to as
9166:
9140:
8958:
8698:
8646:
8620:
8594:
8516:
8308:
8022:
7996:
7840:
7710:
7684:
7476:
7372:
7346:
7268:
7242:
7216:
7190:
7138:
7086:
6930:
6904:
6748:
6722:
6696:
6670:
6307:
6229:
5560:
5539:
4994:
4693:
In opposition to Oslo, an alliance of conservative groups, such as the
4400:
4312:
4292:
4206:
4179:
3700:
3509:
2908:
2878:
2277:
1291:
1220:
1178:
1007:
987:
546:
453:
373:
26232:
25984:
22892:
American Israelis: Migration, Transnationalism, and Diasporic Identity
22671:. Louisville, Kentucky: Westminster/John Knox Press. pp. 85–116.
21988:
Louisiana History: The Journal of the Louisiana Historical Association
21052:"Why Are So Many Pro Basketball Owners Jewish (Like Donald Sterling)?"
19439:
POLL: Domestic issues dominate the priorities of the Jewish electorate
18705:. Louisville, Kentucky: Westminster/John Knox Press. pp. 85–116.
18655:
17003:, vol. 118, Springer International Publishing, pp. 361–449,
16712:"A Fledgling Grant Maker Nurtures Young Jewish 'Social Entrepreneurs'"
14769:"The Changing Identity of American Jews, Israel and the Peace Process"
14423:
by Eric Fingerhut, Jewish Telegraphic Agency (JTA), November 25, 2008.
11147:
6449:
According to the North American Jewish Data Bank the 104 counties and
6361:
is the second-largest Jewish population center in the world after the
6182:
4051:
While earlier Jewish immigrants from Germany tended to be politically
3020:. There, Jews became increasingly assimilated and demonstrated rising
26559:
26536:
26511:
26237:
26133:
25989:
25939:
25857:
24106:
23862:
22873:
Insecure Prosperity: Small-Town Jews in Industrial America, 1890–1940
21971:. Urbana; Chicago, Il: University of Illinois Press. pp. 15–60.
20988:
20871:
20541:
20190:
From Hester Street to Hollywood: The Jewish-American Stage and Screen
20093:"Where You Live in New York May Say a Lot About Your Jewish Heritage"
18394:
Newport, Frank; Agrawal, Sangeeta; Witters, Dan (February 16, 2012).
17190:
15487:. Los Angeles: Jewish Federation of Greater Los Angeles. p. 36.
15075:
13739:
edited by Steven T. Katz, (University of America Press 2010), page 15
12665:
12475:
12384:
12254:
12096:
11996:
11947:
11436:
11315:
11288:
11260:
than most Americans, especially when they are compared with American
10278:
10161:
10085:
10073:
10054:
10050:
8932:
8061:
7502:
6995:
6579:
5938:
5791:
5392:
5287:
4663:
4462:
4434:
4412:
4304:
4209:, a Catholic, remain in the high- to mid-70% range, while Republican
3571:
2995:
2952:
2731:
2727:
2715:
2703:
2440:
2425:
1515:
1463:
1225:
1173:
1163:
844:
840:
830:
745:
505:
291:
25969:
23072:
The Berman Jewish Databank @ The Jewish Federations of North America
22614:. (2002). "What We Don't Know about the Judaism of America's Jews."
22230:
20904:
60 (2007): 1803-1866; discrimination p. 1838 and statistics p. 1805.
20583:
Antisemitism: A Historical Encyclopedia of Prejudice and Persecution
20362:
19215:
IN PERSON; Developer With Eye To Profits For Society" By TINA KELLEY
18329:"'Disabled US Jews twice as likely to live in poverty' - new report"
18267:"Jewish Poverty Skyrockets in New York — Doubles in Size Since 1991"
17262:
Bearing Witness: How America and Its Jews Responded to the Holocaust
16571:
How Jews Became White Folks and what that Says about Race in America
16138:
How Jews Became White Folks and what that Says about Race in America
15785:"Pew survey of U.S. Jews: soaring intermarriage, assimilation rates"
14695:
13504:, with a biography by David Philipson and Louis Grossmann, ib. 1900;
12792:
Percentage of the state population that identifies itself as Jewish.
12140:
1193:
26516:
26170:
26160:
26088:
26061:
25974:
25954:
25892:
25872:
25852:
25847:
24279:
24092:
23378:
23373:
23320:
23052:
22137:
American Post-Judaism: Identity and Renewal in a Postethnic Society
21953:
Shul with a Pool: The "synagogue-center" in American Jewish History
21750:
The Chosen People in America: A Study in Jewish Religious Ideology.
20964:"Misconceptions and lessons about Chinese and Jewish entrepreneurs"
19586:"Among Religious Groups, Jewish Americans Most Strongly Oppose War"
18554:
18359:"Jewish Poverty in the United States: A Summary of Recent Research"
17153:(Megillah 1:9 , were also called simply by the diocese "Germamia".
17129:
17071:
16354:
14165:
13264:
Atkin, Maurice; et al. (2007). "United States of America". In
12677:
12657:
12607:
in economics recipients (thirty-five times the Jewish percentage).
12583:
12290:
12113:
11992:
11890:
11875:
11871:
11854:
11565:
11340:
11184:
11172:
11171:
US serviceman lighting a Menorah in observance of the first day of
10254:
10242:
10081:
10042:
10010:
9930:. Although most of this latter group do not have ancestry from the
9915:
9628:, are sometimes considered culturally but not ethnically Hispanic.
9467:
9252:
8854:
8412:
8256:
8230:
7970:
7944:
7814:
7788:
7658:
7606:
7580:
7554:
7320:
7294:
7112:
7034:
7008:
6644:
6501:
6333:
6268:
5875:
5665:
5476:
5434:
5371:
5329:
5266:
5182:
5057:
5015:
4973:
4502:
4183:
4033:
3923:
3103:
2746:
2609:
2219:
2151:
982:
490:
441:
22942:
American Jewish Yearbook: The Annual Record of Jewish Civilization
22204:
Response to Modernity: A History of the Reform Movement in Judaism
21810:
18885:
Response to Modernity: A History of the Reform Movement in Judaism
18748:. Princeton, NJ; Oxford: Princeton University Press. p. 103.
18396:"In U.S., Very Religious Have Higher Well-Being Across All Faiths"
14588:"Enough for a minyan: A Jewish Who's Who of Biden's Cabinet-to-Be"
13737:
Why is America Different?: American Jewry on Its 350th Anniversary
12160:
was the first practicing Jewish Senator, and would later serve as
11471:, 69% of Jews voted for the Democratic incumbent President Obama.
10393:
at 43%. And while 27% of Americans have a four-year university or
10241:
is also sometimes extended to include Jewish communities from the
9508:
Americans, who are currently classified by the US census as being
26595:
Race and ethnicity in the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
26328:
26242:
26217:
26165:
26150:
26034:
25862:
25832:
24551:
23883:
23869:
23687:
23683:
23001:
The Jewish Americans: Three Centuries of Jewish Voices in America
22976:
A documentary history of the Jews in the United States, 1654–1875
22764:
Talking Back: Images of Jewish Women in American Popular Culture.
21959:
Kraut, Benny (1998). "Jewish Survival in Protestant America". In
21768:
Beyond Sectarianism: The Realignment of American Orthodox Judaism
17673:
Portrait of American Jews: the last half of the twentieth century
17142:
17124:). According to Gedaliah ibn Jechia the Spaniard, in the name of
17121:
17109:
12681:
12649:
12570:
that are passed down from one generation to the next serve as an
12005:
is the language of most Jewish religious literature, such as the
11977:
11960:
11510:
11292:
11273:
11253:
11230:
10026:
10006:
9970:
9966:
9962:
9844:
9832:
9693:
9317:
where they have lived for many centuries. Most American Jews are
9194:
9010:
8906:
8828:
8776:
7892:
6774:
6566:
6381:
6281:
5959:
5854:
5455:
5203:
5099:
4952:
4910:
4870:
4862:
4849:
Many Jews are concentrated in the Northeast, particularly around
4768:
4602:
4549:
4528:
4202:
4198:
3493:
3092:
2988:
2964:
2960:
2956:
2903:
in the latter half of the 1800s, leading to the establishment of
2719:
2711:
2585:
2551:
2420:
2214:
1203:
1198:
1070:
961:
856:
852:
848:
597:
592:
569:
551:
426:
421:
411:
389:
364:
306:
200:
185:
22738:
The New American Judaism: How Jews Practice Their Religion Today
22691:
A People Divided: Judaism in Contemporary America Religion Today
22444:(3rd rev. ed.). New York: Behrman House. pp. 271–402.
20900:
Eli Wald, "The rise and fall of the WASP and Jewish law firms."
18745:
The New American Judaism: How Jews Practice Their Religion Today
13201:
11602:, Jews are far more supportive on issues like gay marriage than
4662:
and the continuing administrative governance of portions of the
4213:'s re-election in 2004 saw Jewish support rise from 19% to 24%.
26521:
26113:
26098:
26093:
26081:
26076:
26004:
25934:
25837:
25616:
24274:
24064:
23290:
22961:
The Jews of the United States, 1790–1840: A Documentary History
22284:
American Judaism, Adventure in Modernity: An Anthological Essay
21613:. Chapel Hill, NC; London: University of North Carolina Press.
20863:
20837:
R. William Weisberger, "Jews and American Investment Banking,"
20714:
See Jamie Johnson, "Wasps Stung over Renaming of the N.Y.P.L."
18022:"Jews are world's best-educated religious group, study reveals"
17117:
17105:
13835:
Siporin, Steve (1990). "Immigrant and Ethnic Family Folklore".
13513:
12018:
12010:
12006:
11968:
11897:, is notably mostly Syrian-Jewish, with many of them Orthodox.
11886:
11514:
11300:
10345:
10077:
10065:
10022:
10002:
9990:
9840:
9229:
8750:
8672:
8152:
6839:
6413:
6377:
6320:
5686:
5497:
5245:
5140:
4931:
4764:
4725:
was asked by the conference to apologize for criticizing ZOA's
4638:
2948:
2891:
2782:
2245:
2240:
2200:
2185:
1296:
1188:
608:
574:
560:
495:
265:
190:
155:
23225:
Office of the Special Envoy to Monitor and Combat Antisemitism
22014:
21082:"JEWISH RECIPIENTS OF THE JOHN BATES CLARK MEDAL IN ECONOMICS"
20876:
The New Crowd: The Changing of the Jewish Guard on Wall Street
17104:(the people of Gallia, meaning, mainly the people from modern
16534:"American Jews, Race, Identity, and the Civil Rights Movement"
16114:"American Jews, Race, Identity, and the Civil Rights Movement"
15025:"New Brandeis study estimates 7.6 million Jews living in U.S."
10549:
By 1986, a third of the presidents of the elite undergraduate
9906:
originating from traditionally established communities in the
6411:
The phenomenon of Israeli migration to the US is often termed
4155:
garnered 39%, and 14% went to independent (former Republican)
26212:
26195:
26175:
26108:
26071:
25999:
25929:
24269:
24221:
22848:. Ramat Gan: Bar-Ilan University, Dept. of Political Studies.
22817:
Chosen Capital: The Jewish Encounter With American Capitalism
22714:
Jews in the Center: Conservative Synagogues and Their Members
21914:
Cosmopolitans and Parochials: Modern Orthodox Jews in America
21758:
Archive for the Psychology of Religion, 33. pp. 371–391.
21709:
Jews in Christian America: The Pursuit of Religious Equality.
20730:
Hareetz: "A shy wunderkind, Stephen Feinberg" By Eytan Avriel
19554:
18816:"A Portrait of Jewish Americans – Chapter 3: Jewish Identity"
18787:
Jews in the Center: Conservative Synagogues and Their Members
18239:"American Jews and Charitable Giving: An Enduring Tradition."
17167:
16640:
16207:
15394:
15256:
Jews in the Center: Conservative Synagogues and Their Members
15215:
14911:
14909:
14907:
14644:"Veterans of the Civil Rights Movement – March on Washington"
13533:
Hoosier State Chronicles: Indiana's Digital Newspaper Program
12836:
12818:
12673:
12645:
12247:
12017:
is also the primary official language of the modern State of
11547:
s Washington bureau chief, dismisses this notion, writing in
11429:
of any ethnic group (84% reported being registered to vote).
11296:
10519:
in 1948. Harvard hired its first Jewish biochemists in 1954.
10390:
10030:
9998:
9978:
9974:
9911:
9828:
9613:
9383:
9062:
8984:
6370:
5812:
5308:
5161:
4666:
territory. Disagreement over Israel's 1993 acceptance of the
4598:
converse in the back seat of a car in front of Baruch's home.
3016:, and after the war younger families joined the new trend of
1208:
637:
541:
510:
23042:
22916:
American Aliya: Portrait of an Innovative Migration Movement
22810:
Portrait of American Jews: The Last Half of the 20th Century
22589:: Philadelphia, Pa: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2002).
21563:
American Jewish Political Culture and the Liberal Persuasion
20774:"Jews Dominate Vanity Fair 100 Most Influential Moguls List"
14273:"As Bernie Sanders Makes History, Jews Wonder What It Means"
11240:
found that around 3.4 million American Jews call themselves
10289:, as a result of which many of their descendants also speak
9636:
Jews divided by cultural or Jewish ethnic division groupings
9516:. Like their other Jewish counterparts, some black Jews are
9397:. Around 1% of religious Jews identified as Asian American.
2881:, the oldest Jewish community in the Midwest. Gradually the
26526:
25877:
24214:
23616:
23611:
23600:
23592:
23267:
22114:
Two Worlds of Judaism: The Israeli and American Experiences
22092:
Deceptive Images: Toward a Redefinition of American Judaism
21556:
Quest for Inclusion: Jews and Liberalism in Modern America.
21477:
Robinson, Ira. "The Invention of American Jewish History."
21284:
Ethnicity in Contemporary America: A Geographical Appraisal
20802:
Robin Pogrebin, "Donor Gives Lincoln Center $ 10 Million",
20387:. The Central Conference of American Rabbis. January 1948.
19794:"L.A. Jews overwhelmingly opposed Prop. 8, exit poll finds"
17113:
17101:
16863:"Sephardic Hispanic Heritage: 13 Facts About 'Latino Jews'"
15372:. The Association of Religion Data Archives. Archived from
13617:
13095:
Ethnicity in Contemporary America: A Geographical Appraisal
12827:
10448:
As a whole, American and Canadian Jews donate more than $ 9
10038:
10034:
9809:
9429:
8724:
7866:
7424:
6430:
5833:
5644:
5224:
2895:. A large community grew in the region with the arrival of
2707:
360:
22397:
Conserving Conservative Judaism: Reconstructionist Judaism
20107:"Russian Jews in America: Status, Identity and Integration
19352:
Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science
19301:(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1985), pp. 150–165.
19269:... Not Just Coen Brothers Fans Will Take Comfort in That"
17583:"Beta Israel | History, Names, Movement, & Facts"
15157:"How Many Jews of Color Are There? – eJewish Philanthropy"
14904:
14554:"5 facts about the religious makeup of the 116th Congress"
12821:
12812:
12684:. Companies specializing in Jewish American foods include
12277:
persecution which was also occurring elsewhere in Europe.
12206:
At least twenty eight American Jews have been awarded the
12109:. Many Jews have been at the forefront of women's issues.
10340:
that developed and lived for centuries in the area of the
4482:
2852:
permitted Jews to become British citizens and emigrate to
2770:. The American Jewish community manifests a wide range of
23205:
Jewish Institute for National Security of America (JINSA)
23175:
Louis D. Brandeis Center for Human Rights Under Law (LDB)
23106:
21934:
Contemporary American Judaism: Transformation and Renewal
21646:. Malden, Ma; Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 599–613.
21489:
History Lessons: The Creation of American Jewish Heritage
21471:(2 vol 2007), 775pp; comprehenisive coverage by experts;
18528:. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 264.
17776:
16410:
16408:
13993:
Smith, Gregory A.; Martínez, Jessica (November 9, 2016).
13906:
Penkower, Monty Noam (2000). "Shaping Holocaust Memory".
12842:
12809:
12669:
12512:, one of the leading advocates of the establishment of a
12088:
11284:), 19% of American Jews believe that God does not exist.
10534:. That year, Meyerson served as acting chancellor of the
6190:
is home to by far the largest Jewish American population.
5994:
Metropolitan areas with largest Jewish populations (2015)
21343:
Tradition Transformed: The Jewish Experience in America.
21256:
A Time for Searching: Entering the Mainstream, 1920–1945
20989:
Maristella Botticini and Zvi Eckstein (April 18, 2013).
20673:
JTA: "Jewish, Republican, pro-gay rights" By Ron Kampeas
19920:
Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project
19861:
Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project
19678:
Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project
19527:
Goodstein, Laurie; Yardley, William (November 5, 2004).
19319:
Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project
18683:
18681:
17970:
Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project
17937:
Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project
17909:
Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project
17876:
Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project
17645:"Focus U.S.A.-Israel News – Haaretz Israeli News source"
15846:"The 2005 Boston Community Survey: Preliminary Findings"
15297:
Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project
14670:
A Time for Searching: Entering the Mainstream, 1920–1945
14438:
Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project
14235:(JTA), November 5, 2008 (retrieved on December 6, 2008).
12754:
List of Jewish political milestones in the United States
5987:
4575:
summarized this dilemma when he attempted to understand
2845:
communities in Central and Eastern Europe predominated.
2726:, approximately two thirds of American Jews identify as
26591:
Births of U.S. states and territories by race/ethnicity
20225:
An Empire of Their Own: How the Jews Invented Hollywood
19500:"Two Front War: Jews, Identity, Liberalism, and Voting"
18507:
Making Harvard Modern: The Rise of America's University
18193:
18139:
17866:
17864:
17862:
14365:"The Chosen: Jewish members in the 112th U.S. Congress"
14029:"Understanding The 2020 Electorate: AP VoteCast Survey"
13422:
Goldring / Woldenberg Institute of Southern Jewish Life
13362:
Ethnicity, Race, and American Foreign Policy: A History
11951:
A typical poster-hung wall in Jewish Brooklyn, New York
11505:
American Jews have displayed a very strong interest in
10585:
American Jews at American higher education institutions
9255:(Most commonly from Argentina, Venezuela, or Cuba), 1%
4364:, with just 22% identifying with or leaning toward the
4311:
resigned to become the President's Chief of Staff; and
2885:
would adopt novel practices under the leadership Rabbi
23047:
23032:
22419:
The Rabbinate in America: Reshaping an Ancient Calling
21967:
Minority Faiths and the American Protestant Mainstream
18888:. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 232–35.
17186:
Nationalism and economic development in modern Eurasia
17170:
river was known by the Romans as "Germania" (Germany).
16405:
14495:"Bernie Sanders to Return to Senate as an Independent"
10307:
9783:
9180:
6427:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
24370:
22741:. Princeton, NJ; Oxford: Princeton University Press.
21266:
A Time for Healing: American Jewry since World War II
21236:
A Time for Gathering: The Second Migration, 1820–1880
20991:"The Chosen Few: A New Explanation of Jewish Success"
18678:
18517:
18515:
18393:
16201:
13995:"How the faithful voted: A preliminary 2016 analysis"
13162:
Sheskin, Dashefsky, Ira, Arnold (December 22, 2021).
12854:
12839:
12833:
12824:
12806:
12293:
the first to record and release much of the music of
11395:
have been influenced by Buddhism as well for a time.
9953:
in the late 15th century, they carried a distinctive
9878:
9424:
descent identify themselves as being both Jewish and
9244:
receive food stamps, while a third receive Medicaid.
9189:. More recently however, the propriety and degree of
4166:. The 1988 election saw Jewish voters favor Democrat
22985:
University Press of New England, 2004; 371 pp.
22595:
Conservative Judaism: An American Religious Movement
22178:(8th ed.). Detroit, Mi: Gale Cengage Learning.
22172:; et al., eds. (2009) . "Abrahamic Religions".
21434:
Jewish Women in America: An Historical Encyclopedia.
21138:"NJPS: Demography: Education, Employment and Income"
20742:
20646:"The 400 Richest Americans: No. 355 Noam Gottesman"
20546:(1967) pp. 8–9, 96–108, 128–42, 233–36, 331–37, 343,
19890:"Majority of Americans Oppose US Marijuana Policies"
19348:"Voting patterns of Jews and other religious groups"
17859:
17100:, is considered to be the progenitor of the ancient
16745:"Organization for black Jews claims 200,000 in U.S."
16634:
15630:"Jewish Maps of the United States by Counties, 2011"
14952:
13650:"The 2011 Nobel Prize and the Debate over Jewish IQ"
13641:
13558:
13202:"Jews in America: Portal to American Jewish History"
12906:
12711:
10557:
was president of Yale University from 1993 to 2013,
10179:
is almost exclusively applied to descendants of the
10099:
2224:
2205:
628:
22252:
22232:
The Reform Judaism Reader: North American Documents
21842:
American Jewish Orthodoxy in Historical Perspective
21246:
A Time for Building: The Third Migration, 1880–1920
21224:
A Time for Planting: The First Migration, 1654–1820
20465:"Izzy Young: A folk man in Sweden defined by Dylan"
20182:
19189:
18922:"US survey: Number of religious Jews drops sharply"
18427:"Jews, religious or not, top US 'well-being' index"
16970:"'It's not easy being an Ethiopian Jew in America'"
14082:
14080:
13456:
13133:
12845:
12830:
12764:
National Museum of American Jewish Military History
12749:
Jewish War Veterans of the United States of America
11564:Jewish Americans were more strongly opposed to the
9602:
9428:, while others solely identify themselves as being
6444:
4609:and the promise of a reconstituted homeland in the
2971:, at that time the most impoverished region of the
22506:
22483:
22460:
22437:
22082:Aspects of the Religious Behavior of American Jews
21964:
20187:
18589:
18587:
18512:
16641:Andersen, Margaret; Patricia Hill Collins (2015).
16568:
16208:Andersen, Margaret; Patricia Hill Collins (2015).
16135:
14820:Lasensky, Scott (March 2002). Rubin, Barry (ed.).
14397:"Jews in the 111th Congress - The Jewish Exponent"
13863:
13161:
12547:
10503:from a non-tenured assistant professorship at the
10441:had a median household income of $ 158,000, while
10405:. 75% of American Jews have achieved some form of
10304:Jewish communities migrated to the United States.
10215:who had lived in North African countries, such as
6195:States with the highest percentage of Jews (2015)
4256:The first American Jew to serve in the Senate was
4124:, over his Republican opponent, arch-conservative
22668:An Introduction to Judaism: A Textbook and Reader
22018:Jewish Choices: American Jewish Denominationalism
21785:
21666:Judaism in America. From Curiosity to Third Faith
21570:The Politics and Public Culture of American Jews.
21467:Norwood, Stephen H., and Eunice G. Pollack, eds.
20874:) and numerous others see Judith Ramsey Ehrlich,
19196:Forbes: The World's Billionaires - Linda Pritzker
18702:An Introduction to Judaism: A Textbook and Reader
17480:"Ancient Jewish History: Jews of the Middle East"
17258:
16803:"Virtual Jewish World: New Mexico, United States"
15989: (archived November 3, 2001). (archived from
15903:"Majority of Jews will be Ultra-Orthodox by 2050"
14923:"Jewish Population in the United States by State"
13353:
12404:increased rapidly and significantly. Men such as
11425:, who adds that Jews have the highest percentage
10422:management, professional, and related occupations
10344:. Most of the Beta Israel community emigrated to
9918:). The term "Sephardim" also sometimes refers to
4629:became publicly known with the liberation of the
26616:
23617:North American Federation of Temple Youth (NFTY)
23296:American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC)
23063:Jewish population growth in the United States –
22969:The American Jewish Woman, A Documentary History
21549:American Jews in politics § Further reading
21218:. Baltimore, Md: Johns Hopkins University Press.
20633:"Schechter school mourns founder Golda Och, 74"
19526:
19044:. London; New York: Continuum. pp. 98–100.
19026:
19024:
17831:
17829:
17669:
16421:The Journal of Public and Professional Sociology
15336:. Archived from the original on October 16, 2008
14762:
14760:
14077:
12265:, the secret World War II effort to develop the
11538:taking Florida in 2004. However, Natan Guttman,
11443:was the first Jewish woman to be elected to the
11268:. A 2003 poll found that while 79% of Americans
9468:Jews of Middle Eastern and North African descent
4707:American Leadership Conference for a Safe Israel
4112:'s 43% in 1920. In 1960, 83% voted for Democrat
2833:immigrants, of Western Sephardic (also known as
22717:. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
22636:The American Synagogue: A Sanctuary Transformed
21511:. New York; London: NYU Press. pp. 52–61.
18584:
18568:. Hillel.org. February 16, 2006. Archived from
18108:
18106:
16068:
15975:
15611:"UJC - NJPS: Demography: The Jewish Population"
14927:Jewish Population in the United States by State
13988:
13986:
13762:"How income varies among U.S. religious groups"
12614:. American Jews also have a strong presence in
11848:was published. Yiddish has had an influence on
11451:Owing to high Democratic identification in the
4759:As of 2020, the American Jewish population is,
3122:in 1967 had major impacts on fashioning Jewish
124:
22866:GI Jews: How World War II Changed a Generation
22352:. Brown Judaic Studies. Chico: Scholars Press.
21643:The Blackwell Companion to Religion in America
21508:The Modern Jewish Experience: A Reader's Guide
21108:"Mother Jones, the Changing Power Elite, 1998"
19409:"Some Jewish takeaways from the 2012 Election"
18845:
18843:
18650:
18648:
18646:
16453:
16415:Q. Yang, Philip; Koshy, Kavitha (March 2016).
16381:"Indian Jewish Congregation of USA Newsletter"
15897:
15895:
15511:"Jewish Population in the United States, 2010"
13331:"The Jew who Financed the American Revolution"
12269:. Many of these physicists were refugees from
10754:Pennsylvania State University, University Park
10511:became the first Jewish full professor in the
10285:, these countries were all part of the former
9934:, the majority of them were influenced by the
9221:when they themselves marry and have children.
4703:Jewish Institute for National Security Affairs
4423:but returned to the Senate as an Independent.
4120:, and in 1964, 90% of American Jews voted for
16:American nationals and citizens who are Jewish
24356:
23092:
22919:. Detroit, Mi: Wayne State University Press.
21891:. Bloomington, In: Indiana University Press.
21771:. Detroit, Mi: Wayne State University Press.
21683:Buxbaum, Shelley M.; Karesh, Sara E. (2003).
21682:
21213:
19021:
19007:How many Jews are there in the United States?
18478:
18476:
17826:
17297:
16024:, Stanford University Press, pp. 86–90,
15458:. Modern Language Association. Archived from
15432:"2002 Greater Phoenix Jewish Community Study"
15324:
15322:
15320:
15318:
14988:
14986:
14984:
14757:
14132:. American Presidency Project. Archived from
14106:. American Presidency Project. Archived from
13992:
12028:
11117:
10480:of any ethnic or religious group in America.
10273:. While both communities traditionally speak
10045:(although in smaller numbers compared to the
9445:, were legally white for the purposes of the
2676:
22366:Brown Judaic Studies. Chico: Scholars Press.
22104:
21916:. Chicago, Il: University of Chicago Press.
21668:. Chicago, Il: University of Chicago Press.
21190:
21049:
20889:The Partnership: The Making of Goldman Sachs
20495:The Mayor of Macdougal Street, A Folk Memoir
19786:
19768:"Poll: Conservative Leaders Back Gay Rabbis"
19030:
18103:
16998:
16833:"Virtual Jewish World: Texas, United States"
16414:
15535:
14771:. In Ben-Moshe, Danny; Segev, Zohar (eds.).
14356:
13983:
13259:
13257:
13186:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
13015:
11124:Religion in the United States § Judaism
10144:
10134:
10124:
9400:A small but growing community of around 350
4349:In November 2008, Cantor was elected as the
4307:of Florida all lost their re-election bids,
4093:dropped to 75%, with 15% supporting the new
2983:restricted immigration. Most settled in the
2821:History of antisemitism in the United States
2776:full spectrum of Jewish religious observance
23185:Jewish Community Relations Councils (JCRCs)
22792:The Jews of Chicago: From Shtetl to Suburb.
22175:Melton's Encyclopedia of American Religions
22062:"Reconstructionism in American Jewish Life"
21182:The Jews of the United States, 1654 to 2000
20572:, Summer 1957, Vol. 31 Issue 2, pp. 143–177
19916:"How Americans Feel About Religious Groups"
18840:
18643:
18112:
18079:"NATIONAL JEWISH POPULATION SURVEY 2000–01"
17927:
17925:
17440:
17303:Interesting Times: A Twentieth Century Life
17037:
17035:
16593:Jewish Identity and Civil Rights in America
16160:Jewish Identity and Civil Rights in America
15892:
14826:Middle East Review of International Affairs
14301:
14091:The Jews of the United States. 1654 to 2000
13967:. American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise.
13749:American Pluralism and the Jewish Community
13418:Encyclopedia of Southern Jewish Communities
12992:"1. The size of the U.S. Jewish population"
9414:
4861:, and other large metropolitan areas, like
4036:. They continued as a major element of the
920:History of the Jews in the Byzantine Empire
24363:
24349:
23099:
23085:
22731:
22707:
22693:. Waltham, Ma: Brandeis University Press.
22685:
22653:
22629:
22564:. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press.
22221:
22116:. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press.
21713:
21693:, Series Editor. New York: Facts On File.
21497:
21357:. Waltham, Ma: Brandeis University Press.
21347:
21216:The Jewish People in America: 5-volume Set
21199:. Waltham, Ma: Brandeis University Press.
19707:"The gay question and the Jewish question"
19164:
18780:
18738:
18687:
18473:
17872:"Demographic Profiles of Religious Groups"
17636:
17350:, Oxford University Press, 2000 pp. 147–48
16742:
16042:
15315:
15252:
14981:
14618:"Joachim Prinz March on Washington Speech"
14271:Confessore, Nicholas (February 10, 2016).
14270:
13959:
13957:
13955:
13953:
13951:
13949:
13947:
13945:
13801:
13406:
13129:
13127:
13025:Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies
12985:
12983:
12981:
12309:'s "God Bless America", and Guthrie wrote
12119:
11633:
10542:. Meyerson served as the president of the
9861:the revival of Hebrew as a common language
9384:Jews by race, ancestry, or national origin
4800:American Jewish Yearbook population survey
2683:
2669:
30:
22951:
22888:
22639:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
22537:Jews and the American Religious Landscape
21045:
21043:
21015:
20281:
19406:
17837:"Religion and Education Around the World"
17769:
17642:
17611:
17265:. Syracuse University Press. p. 36.
17178:
17176:
16967:
16749:J. The Jewish News of Northern California
16609:
16498:
16459:
16432:
16176:
16074:
15689:
14774:Israel, the Diaspora, and Jewish Identity
14552:Sandstrom, Aleksandra (January 3, 2019).
14551:
14159:
14157:
14155:
14153:
14151:
13890:
13254:
12769:Perpetual foreigner stereotype in America
11156:of Conservative Jews, Encino, Los Angeles
9920:Mizrahi Jews (Eastern Jewish communities)
9219:rediscover and embrace their Jewish roots
6437:According to the 2001 undertaking of the
4761:depending on the method of identification
3035:Household income of American Jews – 2014
2856:. The first famous Jew in US history was
23484:United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism
23450:Reconstructionist Rabbinical Association
23058:My Jewish Learning: American Jewish Life
22983:The Jewish 1960s: An American Sourcebook
22435:
21761:
21535:Zakhor: Jewish History and Jewish Memory
21287:. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield.
20158:"Feature: The Mountain Jews of Brooklyn"
19737:"Attacks on Gay Rights: How Jews See It"
19165:Schumacher, Michael (January 27, 2002).
19133:
19111:. PBS. February 27, 1998. Archived from
18790:. Rutgers University Press. p. 68.
18455:L. Sandy Maisel and Ira N. Forman, Eds.
18366:Harry & Jeanette Weinberg Foundation
18084:. The Jewish Federations. Archived from
18019:
17922:
17032:
16885:
15807:
15370:"Judaism (estimated) Metro Areas (2000)"
15259:. Rutgers University Press. p. 68.
14819:
14766:
14582:
14492:
13905:
13807:
13016:Harpaz, Yossi; Herzog, Ben (June 2018).
12989:
12759:History of the Jews in the United States
12139:
12130:List of Jewish Americans in the military
11946:
11806:
11585:American Jews are largely supportive of
11557:... a look at the past three decades of
11469:2012 United States presidential election
11453:2008 United States Presidential Election
11435:
11408:
11398:
11238:American Religious Identification Survey
11166:
11146:
11105:
9479:
9270:
6181:
4750:
4586:
4582:
4245:
2923:
2811:History of the Jews in the United States
2722:. According to a 2020 poll conducted by
146:
26560:People of the United States / Americans
24809:Southeast Africans in the United States
24767:African immigrants to the United States
22540:. New York: Columbia University Press.
22504:
22490:. New York: Columbia University Press.
22481:
22467:. San Francisco, Ca: Harper & Row.
22458:
22413:
22391:
22369:
22364:Jewish Learning and the New Humanities.
22323:
22301:
22278:
22056:
22035:
21985:
21937:. New York: Columbia University Press.
21469:Encyclopedia of American Jewish history
21276:
20841:, June 1991, Vol. 43 Issue 1, pp. 71–75
20771:
20581:Richard Levy, ed. "Bankers, Jewish" in
20544:: The Great Jewish Families of New York
20391:from the original on September 18, 2018
19584:Jones, Jeffrey M. (February 23, 2007).
19552:
19407:Berenbaum, Michael (November 8, 2012).
19375:
19373:
19208:
19146:from the original on September 20, 2015
19076:
18605:from the original on September 12, 2017
18542:from the original on September 15, 2023
18264:
18020:Sherwood, Harriet (December 13, 2016).
17690:from the original on September 15, 2023
17605:
17359:
17279:from the original on September 15, 2023
17207:from the original on September 15, 2023
16891:
16756:from the original on September 20, 2012
16661:from the original on September 15, 2023
16644:Race, Class, & Gender: An Anthology
16566:
16513:from the original on September 22, 2022
16480:from the original on September 15, 2023
16417:"The "Becoming White Thesis" Revisited"
16315:
16313:
16311:
16309:
16228:from the original on September 15, 2023
16211:Race, Class, & Gender: An Anthology
16133:
16095:from the original on September 15, 2023
15813:
15658:
15303:from the original on September 15, 2018
15273:from the original on September 15, 2023
15106:from the original on September 22, 2020
14967:from the original on September 14, 2020
14875:
14507:from the original on September 18, 2016
14414:What is the future for Republican Jews?
14362:
14172:from the original on September 20, 2008
13965:"Jewish Vote In Presidential Elections"
13942:
13834:
13613:"Ashkenazi Jews rank smartest in world"
13579:from the original on September 15, 2023
13516:, and the Jubilee number, 30 June 1904.
13381:
13124:
13087:
12978:
12333:and contributed to its popularization.
11927:Many recent Jewish immigrants from the
11889:. There are communities of Mizrahim in
11630:surveyed said they had ever met a Jew.
11225:The survey discovered that Jews in the
10824:California State University, Northridge
4483:Participation in civil rights movements
4063:and communist movements as well as the
26617:
24836:Southern Africans in the United States
24678:Afro-Caribbean / West Indian Americans
23593:B'nai B'rith Youth Organization (BBYO)
22998:
22909:
22774:American Modernity and Jewish Identity
22592:
22585:New York: Columbia University Press. (
22533:
22286:. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
22168:
22159:The American Religious Identity Survey
21927:
21881:
21859:
21835:
21538:(University of Washington Press, 2012)
21448:The American Jew, 1585–1990: a history
21400:
21322:
21301:
21197:Jews in America: A Contemporary Reader
21040:
20997:from the original on September 6, 2017
20784:from the original on December 12, 2015
20772:Kaminer, Michael (September 3, 2010).
20696:from the original on November 20, 2019
20607:Led by Steven Cohen; Bruce Zuckerman,
20218:
20138:from the original on December 18, 2007
20125:
19957:from the original on February 11, 2018
19804:from the original on December 12, 2008
19765:
19358:from the original on February 15, 2015
19134:De Vries, Hilary (November 21, 2004).
18988:from the original on December 12, 2019
18932:from the original on November 29, 2014
18849:
18627:. Hillel at Binghamton. Archived from
18482:Milton Friedman and Rose D. Friedman,
18166:
17943:from the original on February 13, 2015
17847:from the original on February 10, 2019
17814:from the original on November 18, 2018
17751:from the original on February 15, 2015
17612:Mekelberg, Prof Yossi (May 25, 2015).
17575:
17428:from the original on September 6, 2014
17173:
16918:from the original on December 24, 2018
16873:from the original on September 2, 2022
16843:from the original on September 2, 2022
16813:from the original on September 2, 2022
16743:Gelbwasser, Michael (April 10, 1998).
16709:
16590:
16460:Chen, Carolyn; Jeung, Russell (2012).
16393:from the original on February 28, 2008
16258:from the original on November 21, 2018
16157:
16075:Chen, Carolyn; Jeung, Russell (2012).
15814:Paulson, Michael (November 10, 2006).
15795:from the original on February 27, 2014
15517:from the original on December 17, 2013
15480:
15234:from the original on February 13, 2021
15197:from the original on February 22, 2021
15004:from the original on December 22, 2020
14888:from the original on September 5, 2019
14681:
14464:"Jewish Senators in the United States"
14148:
14039:from the original on February 19, 2021
13861:
13711:Poll: Jews highest-earning group in US
13647:
13625:from the original on February 14, 2014
13610:
13341:from the original on November 27, 2022
13144:from the original on November 26, 2022
13034:from the original on November 12, 2020
12558:List of Jewish American businesspeople
12493:Very few Jewish lawyers were hired by
12280:
12148:Jewish soldier near Clinton, Louisiana
12074:List of Jewish American visual artists
10494:From the early 1900s until the 1950s,
10437:and be more highly educated. By 2016,
9595:, emigrated to Israel and was granted
9593:African Hebrew Israelites of Jerusalem
9523:Notable African American Jews include
9388:
6419:Israeli immigrant community in America
4637:. The founding of the modern State of
2931:Jewish immigrants arriving in New York
26625:Jews and Judaism in the United States
24772:Central Africans in the United States
24344:
23731:World Union of Jewish Students (WUJS)
23506:Central Conference of American Rabbis
23408:(and associated rabbinical membership
23108:Jews and Judaism in the United States
23080:
22889:Rebhum, Uzi; Ari, Lilakh Lev (2010).
22768:
22554:
22207:. New York: Oxford University Press.
22197:
22130:
21958:
21789:; Ashcraft, W. Michael, eds. (2006).
21635:
21606:
21527:In Search of American Jewish Culture.
21214:Feingold, Henry L., ed. (1992–1995).
21028:from the original on November 1, 2013
20928:"Common traits bind Jews and Chinese"
20891:(2nd ed. 2009) pp. 29, 45, 52, 91, 93
20409:
20164:from the original on January 31, 2022
19944:
19926:from the original on February 9, 2017
19628:from the original on October 29, 2008
19596:from the original on October 11, 2008
19583:
19451:
19419:from the original on January 16, 2013
19388:from the original on November 8, 2008
19167:"The Allen Ginsberg Trust: Biography"
18958:from the original on January 25, 2012
18878:
18850:Taylor, Humphrey (October 15, 2003).
18804:from the original on January 9, 2016.
18666:from the original on January 27, 2016
18212:
17878:. Pew Research Centre. May 12, 2015.
17784:from the original on October 20, 2014
17721:from the original on January 15, 2016
17711:"A Jewish Fight for Public Education"
17402:from the original on October 29, 2020
17318:Encyclopedia of Modern Jewish Culture
17041:
16610:Schechter, Dave (December 19, 2016).
16361:from the original on January 31, 2024
16177:Schechter, Dave (December 19, 2016).
15739:from the original on February 3, 2016
15671:from the original on October 10, 2007
15491:from the original on January 16, 2013
15362:
15137:from the original on January 26, 2021
15031:from the original on January 26, 2022
14933:from the original on October 18, 2020
14163:
14026:
14022:
14020:
14005:from the original on January 11, 2017
13691:from the original on November 1, 2013
13678:
13263:
13242:from the original on December 3, 2016
13166:. Springer International Publishing.
12896:
12887:
12881:
12218:More than 550,000 Jews served in the
12078:List of Jewish American photographers
11874:, hundreds of other terms. (See also
11852:, and words borrowed from it include
10605:Enrollment for Jewish Students (est.)
9266:
5988:Significant Jewish population centers
4433:Additionally, 6 members of President
4234:2016 New Hampshire Democratic Primary
24743:Trinidadian and Tobagonian Americans
23336:Middle East Media Research Institute
23240:Jewish Democratic Council of America
22291:: New York: KTAV Publ. House, 1978.
21660:
21459:The American Jewish woman, 1654–1980
21372:
21088:from the original on August 26, 2014
21018:"How did American Jews get so rich?"
21016:Goldstein, Tani (October 26, 2011).
20686:"Mitt Romney's hedge fund kingmaker"
20661:The Golden Age of Jewish Achievement
20557:American Jewish Historical Quarterly
20518:from the original on August 28, 2022
20475:from the original on January 4, 2014
20412:"The Jew and American Popular Music"
20275:
19947:"Americans Say Jews Are the Coolest"
19717:from the original on January 9, 2016
19457:
19379:
19370:
18828:from the original on January 4, 2014
18521:
18437:from the original on January 9, 2016
18424:
18279:from the original on January 9, 2016
18175:from the original on January 9, 2016
17708:
17643:Mozgovaya, Natasha (April 2, 2008).
17624:from the original on January 4, 2023
17593:from the original on January 4, 2023
17550:from the original on October 1, 2023
17460:from the original on October 1, 2023
17360:Aroeste, Sarah (December 13, 2018).
17182:
17070:
16980:from the original on January 9, 2016
16968:Mozgovaya, Natasha (April 2, 2008).
16724:from the original on January 9, 2016
16647:. Cengage Learning. pp. 84–85.
16622:from the original on August 31, 2017
16331:from the original on August 16, 2022
16306:
16294:from the original on August 19, 2017
16214:. Cengage Learning. pp. 84–85.
16189:from the original on August 31, 2017
16015:
15913:from the original on January 9, 2016
15880:from the original on January 9, 2016
15627:
14878:"American Jews, Politics and Israel"
14564:from the original on January 3, 2019
14377:from the original on January 8, 2014
13893:The Americanization of the Holocaust
13681:"How did American Jews get so rich?"
13660:from the original on January 9, 2016
13328:
13300:"Kahal Kadosh Beth Elohim Synagogue"
13232:"Kahal Kadosh Beth Elohim Synagogue"
13134:Pew Research Center (May 11, 2021),
12898:[(ʔ)aʃkenaˈzim,(ʔ)aʃkenaˈzi]
12400:pay for canals, railroads and other
12362:The influential folk music magazine
12136:Military history of Jewish Americans
12070:List of Jewish American sportspeople
12062:List of Jewish American entertainers
11819:Most American Jews today are native
11808:
11474:In 2019, after the 2016 election of
11252:American Jews are more likely to be
11247:
10877:Enrollment of Jewish Student (est.)
10677:University of Maryland, College Park
4805:Steinhardt Social Research Institute
4335:resigned during the 112th Congress.
51:Regions with significant populations
25812:White Hispanic and Latino Americans
25035:Asian Hispanic and Latino Americans
24968:North Africans in the United States
24755:Black Hispanic and Latino Americans
23446:Jewish Reconstructionist Federation
23132:Jewish Federations of North America
23053:Jewish Federations of North America
22845:A Research Agenda for American Jews
22659:"Recent Trends in American Judaism"
22360:Judaism in the American Humanities.
22094:. Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publ.
22041:"Orthodoxy in American Jewish Life"
21354:Imagining American Jewish Community
21062:from the original on April 12, 2015
20436:from the original on August 4, 2012
19896:from the original on April 23, 2009
19660:. 23 October 2013. 23 October 2013.
19553:Guttman, Natan (July–August 2011).
19458:Ziri, Danielle (November 4, 2020).
19279:from the original on April 22, 2021
18693:"Recent Trends in American Judaism"
18509:. (2001), pp. 75, 82, 97, 212, 472.
18470:, Rowman & Littlefield, (2001).
18375:from the original on March 30, 2023
18228:By BEN SALES 30 September 2017, JTA
18076:
17502:
17472:
17372:from the original on August 7, 2020
17340:The Oxford History of Modern Europe
16992:
16949:from the original on April 15, 2021
16784:from the original on March 11, 2021
16499:Bernstein, David (March 22, 2017).
15851:. December 13, 2006. Archived from
15826:from the original on April 11, 2009
15816:"Jewish population in region rises"
15448:
15124:
14624:from the original on March 11, 2008
14598:from the original on April 15, 2022
14533:from the original on April 22, 2021
14474:from the original on April 22, 2021
14344:from the original on April 25, 2013
14190:
14130:"Republican Party Platform of 1944"
14104:"Democratic Party Platform of 1944"
13382:Sarna, Jonathan; Golden, Jonathan.
13310:from the original on March 15, 2016
13018:"REPORT ON CITIZENSHIP LAW: ISRAEL"
12924:
12874:
12700:For a more comprehensive list, see
12242:; and about 1600 recipients of the
12126:List of Jewish American politicians
10352:re-settled in the United States as
10308:Ethiopian Jews in the United States
10150:
10145:
10135:
10125:
10114:
9951:expelled from the Iberian Peninsula
9784:Ashkenazi Jews in the United States
9376:, 3% described themselves as being
9372:, 2% described themselves as being
9181:Assimilation and population changes
13:
26640:Ethnic groups in the United States
24863:West Africans in the United States
24738:Stateside Virgin Islands Americans
23215:National Jewish Democratic Council
23033:American Jewish Historical Society
22934:
22350:Judaism in the American Humanities
21050:Nathan-Kazis, Josh (May 6, 2014).
20970:from the original on July 28, 2017
20559:, 1976, Vol. 66 Issue 1, pp. 67–88
20126:Moskin, Julia (January 18, 2006).
20041:United States Bureau of the Census
20017:from the original on July 18, 2018
19987:from the original on July 24, 2017
19870:from the original on March 9, 2011
19687:from the original on March 9, 2011
19328:from the original on March 9, 2011
19245:from the original on June 29, 2011
19058:from the original on June 28, 2023
18902:from the original on June 30, 2023
18719:from the original on June 24, 2023
18425:Horn, Jordana (January 17, 2011).
18406:from the original on July 25, 2020
18058:from the original on July 24, 2017
18032:from the original on July 13, 2017
18001:from the original on July 16, 2017
17804:"6. Jewish educational attainment"
17709:Dean, Amy B. (September 2, 2013).
17676:. University of Washington Press.
17614:"Who are Israel's Ethiopian Jews?"
17490:from the original on April 7, 2019
17240:from the original on July 13, 2019
16899:Israel Medical Association Journal
16777:The Village of Peace (2014) - IMDb
16691:from the original on April 4, 2018
16612:"Are Jews White? It's Complicated"
16531:
16179:"Are Jews White? It's Complicated"
15613:. December 2, 2006. Archived from
15167:from the original on March 1, 2021
15093:
15022:
14960:(Report). Berman Jewish DataBank.
14876:Newport, Frank (August 27, 2019).
14650:from the original on July 23, 2008
14444:from the original on April 8, 2019
14283:from the original on July 22, 2017
14017:
13648:Berman, Lazar (October 19, 2011).
13539:from the original on July 30, 2018
13502:Selected Writings of Isaac M. Wise
13440:
12554:List of Jewish American scientists
12504:
12390:
12336:Three of the four creators of the
12167:and Secretary of State during the
12043:
11572:
11073:Washington University in St. Louis
10536:University of California, Berkeley
10154: ' Communities of the East'
9879:Sephardi Jews in the United States
2764:various other Jewish ethnic groups
14:
26651:
26635:American people of Jewish descent
26407:Americans of Euro Oceanic origin
25741:Nordic and Scandinavian Americans
24372:Demographics of the United States
23190:Jewish Council for Public Affairs
23026:
22375:The Reformation of Reform Judaism
21845:. Hoboken, NJ: KTAV Publ. House.
21587:American Jewish Identity Politics
21577:Jews in American politics: essays
20410:Burri, Margaret (July 18, 2007).
19824:"Views about abortion among Jews"
19774:from the original on July 2, 2015
19766:Spence, Rebecca (February 2007).
19565:from the original on July 3, 2011
19466:from the original on July 4, 2021
19382:"78% of American Jews vote Obama"
19089:from the original on June 3, 2012
18762:from the original on July 3, 2023
18339:from the original on May 15, 2023
18309:from the original on May 15, 2023
17882:from the original on May 14, 2015
17670:Samuel C Heilman (July 1, 2011).
17520:from the original on May 26, 2022
17149:. These places, according to the
17145:, which today is the present-day
17049:(3rd ed.). Pearson Longman.
16441:from the original on May 20, 2022
15640:from the original on June 3, 2016
15561:from the original on May 28, 2008
14777:. Sussex Academic Press. p.
14646:. Civil Rights Movement Archive.
14493:Nicholas, Peter (July 26, 2016).
14399:. August 12, 2011. Archived from
14363:Kampeas, Ron (November 3, 2010).
14252:from the original on June 5, 2010
14203:from the original on May 14, 2007
13971:from the original on May 14, 2008
13772:from the original on May 11, 2019
13490:Jewish Encyclopedia bibliography:
13069:from the original on July 9, 2017
12990:Mitchell, Travis (May 11, 2021).
12695:
12562:List of Jewish American academics
11812: Foreign-born population only
11500:
11455:, 78% of Jews voted for Democrat
11162:National Jewish Population Survey
10476:, American Jews have the highest
10363:
10358:Ethiopian Jewish Israeli-American
10129:), also sometimes referred to as
10100:Mizrahi Jews in the United States
9492:African American–Jewish relations
9285:classifies most American Jews as
9200:While not all Jews disapprove of
6439:National Jewish Population Survey
4828:National Jewish Population Survey
4489:Jews in the civil rights movement
4044:. By the mid-1960s, however, the
2817:Antisemitism in the United States
2766:, as well as a smaller number of
711:Historical population comparisons
26585:Race and ethnicity in the census
24673:African diaspora in the Americas
24324:
24323:
23148:(not exclusively Israel-focused)
21161:
21130:
21118:from the original on May 8, 2009
21074:
21009:
20982:
20956:
20920:
20907:
20894:
20881:
20844:
20831:
20818:
20796:
20765:
20723:
20708:
20678:
20666:
20653:
20640:
20627:
20622:The Jewish Role In American Life
20614:
20609:The Jewish Role In American Life
20601:
20596:The Jewish Role In American Life
20588:
20575:
20562:
20549:
20530:
20500:
20487:
20457:
20448:
20422:
20403:
20375:
20355:
20350:American Jewish Archives Journal
20342:
20326:American Jewish Archives Journal
20318:
20262:
20259:3.2 (1986): 99–112, quote p 102.
20249:
20236:
20212:
20176:
20150:
20119:
20099:
20085:
20059:
20029:
19999:
19969:
19938:
19908:
19882:
19846:
19816:
19759:
19729:
19699:
19663:
19648:"Pew finds Jews mostly liberal."
19640:
19608:
19577:
19546:
19520:
19491:
19478:
19431:
19400:
19340:
19304:
19291:
19257:
19227:
19158:
19127:
19101:
19070:
19000:
18970:
18952:"Evolution in a new Harris poll"
18944:
18914:
18872:
18808:
18774:
18732:
18617:
18562:"Hillel's Top 10 Jewish Schools"
18499:
18449:
18418:
18387:
18351:
18321:
18291:
18258:
18231:
18198:. Penguin Press HC. p. 53.
18194:Amy Chua, Jed Rubenfeld (2014).
18187:
18160:
18140:Amy Chua, Jed Rubenfeld (2014).
18133:
18070:
18044:
18013:
17983:
17955:
17894:
17796:
17763:
17733:
17702:
17663:
17562:
17532:
17414:
17384:
17353:
17331:
17309:
17291:
17252:
17222:
17063:
17047:Longman Pronunciation Dictionary
16961:
16936:
16930:
16892:Feldman, Gabriel E. (May 2001).
16855:
16825:
16795:
16768:
16736:
16703:
16673:
16603:
16584:
16560:
16525:
16492:
16373:
16343:
16270:
16240:
16170:
16151:
16127:
16107:
16009:
15996:
15948:
15925:
15330:"The Largest Jewish Communities"
15293:"A Portrait of Jewish Americans"
15027:Jewish Journal. Jewish Journal.
14027:Staff, N. P. R. (May 21, 2021).
13446:
13394:from the original on May 1, 2016
13212:from the original on May 5, 2018
12914:
12802:
12795:
12728:
12714:
12232:Navy Distinguished Service Medal
12228:Army Distinguished Service Medal
12199:were also serving at that time.
12179:Jews have been appointed to the
11999:(Juhuri), a dialect of Persian.
11447:and first woman to be reelected.
10968:The George Washington University
10809:Florida International University
10211:, as well as the descendants of
9603:Hispanic and Latin American Jews
9159:
9133:
9107:
9081:
9055:
9029:
9003:
8977:
8951:
8925:
8899:
8873:
8847:
8821:
8795:
8769:
8743:
8717:
8691:
8665:
8639:
8613:
8587:
8561:
8535:
8509:
8483:
8457:
8431:
8405:
8379:
8353:
8327:
8301:
8275:
8249:
8223:
8197:
8171:
8145:
8119:
8093:
8067:
8041:
8015:
7989:
7963:
7937:
7911:
7885:
7859:
7833:
7807:
7781:
7755:
7729:
7703:
7677:
7651:
7625:
7599:
7573:
7547:
7521:
7495:
7469:
7443:
7417:
7391:
7365:
7339:
7313:
7287:
7261:
7235:
7209:
7183:
7157:
7131:
7105:
7079:
7053:
7027:
7001:
6975:
6949:
6923:
6897:
6871:
6845:
6819:
6793:
6767:
6741:
6715:
6689:
6663:
6637:
6611:
6585:
6559:
6533:
6507:
6481:
6445:Distribution of Jewish Americans
5952:
5931:
5910:
5889:
5868:
5847:
5826:
5805:
5784:
5763:
5742:
5721:
5700:
5679:
5658:
5637:
5616:
5595:
5574:
5553:
5532:
5511:
5490:
5469:
5448:
5427:
5406:
5385:
5364:
5343:
5322:
5301:
5280:
5259:
5238:
5217:
5196:
5175:
5154:
5133:
5113:
5092:
5071:
5050:
5029:
5008:
4987:
4966:
4945:
4924:
4903:
4538:
4147:by 71% over incumbent president
4040:, giving special support to the
3069:
2848:For the first time, the English
1355:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1269:Historical population by country
163:
162:
148:
126:
24683:Antiguan and Barbudan Americans
23652:College Jewish studies programs
23365:Major domestic and neighborhood
23356:Zionist Organization of America
22883:The Holocaust in American Life.
22756:
22597:. Glencoe, Il: The Free Press.
22505:Raphael, Melissa (April 1998).
21792:Jewish and Christian Traditions
21719:Jewish Political Studies Review
21589:. University of Michigan Press.
21156:
20128:"The Silk Road Leads to Queens"
20037:"Language Spoken at Home: 2000"
19555:"Myths About the "Jewish Vote""
19299:The Other Arab-Israeli Conflict
18982:A Journey through NYC religions
18169:"Lessons from Jews and Mormons"
18167:Adonis, James (March 7, 2014).
18146:. Penguin Press HC. p. 7.
18113:Frum, David (January 4, 2010).
17570:Ethiopian Jews in the Limelight
16287:. October 1, 2013. p. 46.
15862:
15838:
15777:
15751:
15713:
15683:
15652:
15621:
15603:
15573:
15541:"Israelis in the United States"
15529:
15503:
15474:
15424:
15388:
15285:
15246:
15209:
15179:
15149:
15118:
15087:
15043:
15016:
15000:. United States Census Bureau.
14998:The United States Census Bureau
14869:
14844:
14813:
14741:
14732:
14719:
14710:
14675:
14662:
14636:
14610:
14576:
14545:
14519:
14486:
14456:
14426:
14407:
14389:
14330:
14295:
14264:
14238:
14222:OP-ED: Why Jews voted for Obama
14215:
14184:
14122:
14096:
14064:
14051:
13899:
13891:Flanzbaum, Hilene, ed. (1999).
13884:
13855:
13828:
13784:
13754:
13742:
13730:
13703:
13672:
13611:Lalany, Nelly (July 23, 2011).
13604:
13591:
13551:
13521:
13478:. New York: Funk & Wagnalls
13375:
13322:
13292:
12879:Ashkenazi Hebrew pronunciation:
12786:
12548:Science, business, and academia
12412:(at Kuhn, Loeb & Company),
12213:
12058:List of Jewish American authors
11980:, Miami, Florida, and areas of
11495:2020 U.S. Presidential Election
10505:University of Wisconsin–Madison
10060:As a result of the more recent
9502:Jews who are of African descent
6359:New York City metropolitan area
6188:New York City metropolitan area
4740:
4695:Zionist Organization of America
3102:Siporin (1990) uses the family
3008:and integration into the wider
2921:families remained influential.
2791:at least one Jewish grandparent
24728:Kittian and Nevisian Americans
24703:Dominican Americans (Dominica)
23930:Jewish News of Greater Phoenix
23479:Society for Humanistic Judaism
22946:complete text online 1899–2007
20069:. June 2, 2000. Archived from
19854:"Pugh Forum findings Page 104"
19136:"Robert Downey Jr.: The Album"
19077:Yoheved, Sara (May 14, 2005).
18265:Berkman, Seth (June 6, 2013).
17972:. May 11, 2015. Archived from
17911:. May 11, 2015. Archived from
17001:American Jewish Year Book 2018
15659:Postrel, Virginia (May 1993).
15299:. pewforum.org. October 2013.
13866:The Holocaust in American Life
13388:The National Humanities Center
13224:
13194:
13155:
13081:
13049:
13009:
12460:Elliott Management Corporation
12374:magazine's first music critic
10360:community living in New York.
9504:, a definition which excludes
4733:, the Labor-appointed Israeli
1:
26264:Hispanic and Latino Americans
24178:Jewish Life Television (JLTV)
23469:Rabbinical Council of America
23258:American Jewish World Service
23048:American Jewish World Service
22875:. Princeton University Press.
22084:. New York: KTAV Publ. House.
21542:
21473:excerpt and text search vol 1
21443:(Cambridge UP, 2017). 331 pp.
21441:American Jewry: A New History
21390:. Princeton University Press.
21323:Sklare, Marshal, ed. (1983).
21302:Sklare, Marshal, ed. (1982).
20966:. Lifestyle. August 3, 2015.
19945:Green, Emma (July 16, 2014).
19437:Jewish Electorate Institute.
19312:"Pugh Forum findings Page 81"
19079:"Conflicts of a Buddhist Jew"
17647:. Haaretz.com. Archived from
16717:The Chronicle of Philanthropy
16710:Whelan, David (May 8, 2003).
16052:Adherents.com. Archived from
15402:; Sheskin, Ira, eds. (2021).
14955:World Jewish Population, 2015
14953:DellaPergola, Sergio (2015).
13837:Western States Jewish History
13559:Robert Moses Shapiro (2003).
13529:"73 Years of The Jewish Post"
12971:
12366:was co-founded and edited by
12344:, of which Yarrow is Jewish.
12153:
11838:descent, are raised speaking
11480:Pittsburgh synagogue shooting
10658:University of Central Florida
10397:, fifty-nine percent (66% of
10370:Jewish-American working class
10302:Middle East and North African
10062:Jewish exodus from Arab lands
9311:South, East, and Central Asia
4279:of Louisville, Kentucky; and
2835:Spanish and Portuguese Jewish
926:Christianity and Judaism
26334:Indigenous Mexican Americans
23627:United Synagogue Youth (USY)
23557:Orthodox and Modern Orthodox
23268:Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society
23263:Joint Distribution Committee
23146:Major advocacy organizations
23115:Major communal organizations
22974:Schappes, Morris Urman, ed.
22583:A Gay Synagogue in New York.
22264:. Rowman & Littlefield.
21955:. Brandeis University Press.
21600:
21505:. In Jack Wertheimer (ed.).
21305:Understanding American Jewry
21281:. In McKee, Jesse O. (ed.).
20512:www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org
20328:64 (nos. 1–2, 2012), 82–111
19671:"Pew Forum findings Page 92"
18117:. Frum Forum. Archived from
17398:. Britannica. May 11, 2023.
15225:The Jews of Color Initiative
14468:www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org
13092:. In McKee, Jesse O. (ed.).
12949:, lit. "The Jews of Spain",
12495:White Anglo-Saxon Protestant
12383:ground". Nobel Prize winner
12187:) is currently serving. Had
11967:and a large portion live in
10565:), Paul Samuelson's nephew,
10412:31% of American Jews hold a
9932:Jewish communities of Iberia
9366:Portrait of Jewish Americans
6342:
6329:
6316:
6303:
6290:
6277:
6264:
6251:
6238:
6225:
6212:
6164:
6161:
6145:
6142:
6126:
6123:
6107:
6104:
6088:
6085:
6069:
6066:
6050:
6047:
6031:
6028:
4771:considerations, or secular,
4178:and 9% going to independent
4017:
4006:
3988:
3972:
3956:
3945:
3927:
3911:
3900:
3882:
3871:
3853:
3837:
3826:
3808:
3792:
3776:
3765:
3747:
3736:
3720:
3704:
3688:
3677:
3659:
3641:
3623:
3576:
3558:
3542:
3531:
3513:
3497:
3481:
3470:
3452:
3436:
3420:
3409:
3391:
3375:
3359:
3341:
3323:
3312:
3296:
3278:
3267:
3256:
3245:
3227:
3211:
3195:
3179:
7:
26575:Maps of American ancestries
26371:French Polynesian Americans
24708:Dutch West Indian Americans
24173:Jewish Broadcasting Service
23989:Pittsburgh Jewish Chronicle
23220:Republican Jewish Coalition
23195:Jewish environmental groups
22940:American Jewish Committee.
22762:Antler, Joyce, ed. (1998).
22561:American Judaism: A History
22307:The Synagogue and the Rabbi
21579:. Rowman & Littlefield.
21393:Fried, Lewis, et al., eds.
21191:Farber, Roberta Rosenberg;
20112:September 24, 2011, at the
20011:United States Census Bureau
19981:United States Census Bureau
18954:. NCSE. December 16, 2009.
17772:"Doing Well and Doing Good"
17346:September 15, 2023, at the
17324:September 15, 2023, at the
17305:. Abacus Books. p. 25.
17128:(see: Gedaliah ibn Jechia,
17009:10.1007/978-3-030-03907-3_8
16591:Marcus, Kenneth L. (2010).
16252:Southern Poverty Law Center
16158:Marcus, Kenneth L. (2010).
16050:"Separatists, continued..."
14684:Reviews in American History
13798:, 96 (Sept. 2010), 175–200.
12907:
12707:
12468:Cerberus Capital Management
12449:Och-Ziff Capital Management
12273:or they were refugees from
12236:Distinguished Service Cross
12181:United States Supreme Court
11658:Jewish languages in the US
11652:
11321:
11101:
10418:professional and managerial
10385:Forty-four percent (55% of
10175:In current usage, the term
9865:diaspora Jewish populations
9626:Spanish and Portuguese Jews
9295:the Caucasus and the Crimea
9283:United States Census Bureau
6433:countries examined in 2005.
6350:
6337:
6324:
6311:
6298:
6285:
6272:
6259:
6246:
6233:
6220:
6175:
6172:
6156:
6153:
6137:
6134:
6118:
6115:
6099:
6096:
6080:
6077:
6061:
6058:
6042:
6039:
4876:
4699:Americans For a Safe Israel
4467:Homeland Security Secretary
4419:, who became a Democrat to
4375:included 10 Jews among 100
4323:. The number declined when
3129:
2883:Cincinnati Jewish community
2225:
2206:
1933:Latin America and Caribbean
629:
10:
26656:
26356:Pacific Islander Americans
24183:National Jewish Television
23410:and policy body; seminary)
23230:White House Jewish Liaison
22776:. London: Tavistock Publ.
22482:Raphael, Marc Lee (2003).
22459:Raphael, Marc Lee (1984).
21546:
21384:Barnett, Michael N. 2016.
21376:
20812:November 16, 2012, at the
20352:64 (nos. 1–2, 2012), 1–26.
19653:November 10, 2013, at the
18493:November 21, 2022, at the
18466:November 21, 2022, at the
17259:Henry L. Feingold (1995).
16597:Cambridge University Press
16164:Cambridge University Press
15937:November 21, 2016, at the
15759:"Cengage Learning – Login"
15721:"THE LARGER TASK – MARCUS"
15539:; Phillips, Bruce (1996).
14929:. Jewish Virtual Library.
14529:. Jewish Virtual Library.
13414:"History of Temple Israel"
13367:November 21, 2022, at the
12699:
12637:
12551:
12133:
12123:
12047:
12035:Jewish American literature
12032:
12029:Jewish American literature
11637:
11459:versus 21% for Republican
11402:
11345:2% of Americans are Jewish
11335:are overrepresented among
11325:
11220:Charleston, South Carolina
11121:
11118:Observances and engagement
10972:University of Pennsylvania
10573:from 2001 until 2006, and
10544:University of Pennsylvania
10367:
10356:, with around half of the
10311:
9936:Sephardic style of liturgy
9902:by modern scholars, are a
9757:
9744:
9731:
9718:
9705:
9692:
9679:
9666:
9653:
9489:
9483:
9447:Naturalization Act of 1790
6363:Tel Aviv metropolitan area
4790:and Ira M. Sheskin in the
4744:
4486:
4460:White House Chief of Staff
4218:2008 presidential election
4191:2000 presidential election
3133:
2985:New York metropolitan area
2814:
2808:
2804:
2793:and would be eligible for
2772:Jewish cultural traditions
2760:Beta Israel-Ethiopian Jews
2538:Jewish political movements
2235:Conversion to Judaism
65:New York metropolitan area
26555:
26547:Punjabi Mexican Americans
26497:
26426:
26346:
25820:
25671:Liechtensteiner Americans
25478:
25022:
24660:
24649:
24517:
24387:
24378:
24319:
24311:Super Sunday phone-a-thon
24299:Major communal activities
24298:
24262:
24196:
24165:
24033:
23826:
23813:Jewish Telegraphic Agency
23805:
23798:
23739:
23703:
23696:
23644:
23580:
23519:
23418:Agudath Israel of America
23402:
23364:
23351:Tzofim Friendship Caravan
23281:
23248:
23155:American Jewish Committee
23145:
23114:
22967:Marcus, Jacob Rader, ed.
22593:Sklare, Marshall (1955).
22436:Rudavsky, David (1979) .
22070:American Jewish Year Book
22049:American Jewish Year Book
21640:. In Goff, Philip (ed.).
21532:Yerushalmi, Yosef Hayim.
21503:"American Jewish History"
20948:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
20754:January 11, 2014, at the
20414:. jhu.edu. Archived from
18484:Two Lucky People: Memoirs
18457:Jews in American Politics
18237:Shaul Bar Nissim, Hanna.
17337:T. C. W. Blanning (ed.),
17096:. and his explanation of
16466:. NYU Press. p. 88.
16081:. NYU Press. p. 88.
15789:Jewish Telegraphic Agency
15354:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
15253:Wertheimer, Jack (2002).
14918:as of 2020 according to:
14727:Louis D. Brandeis: A Life
14370:Jewish Telegraphic Agency
14316:10.1007/s12397-012-9093-z
14233:Jewish Telegraphic Agency
14227:January 18, 2016, at the
12942:
12902:
12622:and current commissioner
11906:Beverly Hills, California
11805:
11405:American Jews in politics
10883:Undergraduate Enrollment
10814:Michigan State University
10611:Undergraduate Enrollment
10472:According to analysis by
9940:Sephardic law and customs
6402:Beverly Hills, California
6005:
6002:
5999:
4853:. Many Jews also live in
3999:
3938:
3893:
3864:
3819:
3758:
3731:
3670:
3524:
3463:
3402:
3307:
3238:
3136:American Jews in politics
2837:) ancestry, but by 1720,
2825:Jews were present in the
2741:During the colonial era,
941:Hinduism and Judaism
339:
334:
305:
300:
176:
171:
144:
122:
55:
50:
43:
38:
29:
26570:Native American ancestry
25345:Hungarian Slovak Gypsies
25201:Indo-Caribbean Americans
24923:Sierra Leonean Americans
24873:Bissau-Guinean Americans
24819:South Sudanese Americans
24121:San Diego Jewish Journal
23667:See template for schools
23502:Union for Reform Judaism
23403:Major religious movement
23384:Secure Community Network
23367:assistance organizations
23316:Israeli-American Council
23170:Conference of Presidents
23160:American Jewish Congress
23137:Local Jewish Federations
23127:Jewish Community Centers
23043:American Jewish Congress
23038:American Jewish Archives
22999:Wenger, Beth S. (2007).
22842:; Argov, Merkaz (2001).
22790:Cutler, Irving. (1995).
22238:. New York: UAHC Press.
22163:The New York Jewish Week
21888:Orthodox Jews in America
21592:Svonkin, Stuart (1997).
21277:Sheskin, Ira M. (2000).
20839:American Jewish Archives
20778:The Jewish Daily Forward
20196:Indiana University Press
19444:August 15, 2019, at the
18272:The Jewish Daily Forward
17510:"Mizrahi Jews in Israel"
17116:region) and the ancient
16577:Rutgers University Press
16144:Rutgers University Press
15943:The Jewish Daily Forward
15729:American Jewish Archives
15548:American Jewish Yearbook
15100:North Jersey Media Group
14949:(in 2015) according to:
14767:Seliktar, Ofira (2007).
14419:January 9, 2016, at the
13420:. Jackson, Mississippi:
13236:jewishvirtuallibrary.org
13137:Jewish Americans in 2020
13100:Rowman & Littlefield
13088:Sheskin, Ira M. (2000).
13057:"Israel versus the Jews"
12779:
12456:Renaissance Technologies
12066:List of Jewish musicians
11858:("effrontery", "gall"),
11484:Poway synagogue shooting
11318:" or "grafted-in" Jews.
10879:
10870:
10819:Arizona State University
10598:
10553:at Harvard were Jewish.
10407:post-secondary education
10350:Ethiopian Jews in Israel
10322:Ethiopian Jews in Israel
9464:view Jews as non-white.
9415:Jews of European descent
9197:and religious skeptics.
4814:Jews of Color Initiative
4792:American Jewish Yearbook
4777:ancestral identification
4631:Nazi concentration camps
4517:American Jewish Congress
4275:of Seattle, Washington;
4220:, 78% of Jews voted for
3114:After 1960, memories of
2947:, located in modern-day
767:Temple in Jerusalem
460:Bar and bat mitzvah
286:List of Jewish languages
26532:Louisiana Creole people
25681:Luxembourgish Americans
24851:South African Americans
24787:Equatoguinean Americans
23726:Orthodox student groups
23697:Major university groups
23422:Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah
23301:Americans for Peace Now
23180:Religious Action Center
23003:. New York: Doubleday.
22801:Antisemitism in America
22527:10.1525/nr.1998.1.2.198
21951:Kaufman, David (1999).
21686:Jewish Faith in America
21479:American Jewish History
21397:(Greenwood Press, 1988)
21325:American Jews, a Reader
20878:(1990), pp. 4, 72, 226.
20570:Business History Review
20399:– via Amazon.com.
19770:. Forward Association.
19220:August 8, 2018, at the
17587:Encyclopedia Britannica
17453:Encyclopædia Britannica
17328:, Routledge 2004 p. 20.
17315:Glenda Abramson (ed.),
17234:Encyclopedia Britannica
17120:(of, both, France, and
16567:Brodkin, Karen (1998).
16434:10.62915/2154-8935.1096
16134:Brodkin, Karen (1998).
15870:"The Future of Judaism"
15456:"Kiryas Joel, New York"
15404:World Jewish Population
15161:ejewishphilanthropy.com
14945:Enlarged population of
14500:The Wall Street Journal
14193:"CNN.com Election 2004"
13908:American Jewish History
13810:American Jewish History
13796:American Jewish History
13792:American Jewish History
13716:March 27, 2015, at the
13475:The Jewish Encyclopedia
13329:Tzvi (April 20, 2017).
12744:American Jewish cuisine
12640:American Jewish cuisine
12633:
12261:, were involved in the
12120:Government and military
12050:Jews in American cinema
11995:, New York that speaks
11922:Great Neck, Long Island
11834:, being exclusively of
11825:Jewish ethnic divisions
11634:Jewish American culture
11509:, especially regarding
11069:Northwestern University
10719:University of Wisconsin
10485:Jewish cultural studies
10275:Judeo-Iranian languages
9961:, including modern day
9496:Black Hebrew Israelites
9276:Jewish ethnic divisions
4680:Americans for Peace Now
4627:Nazi-occupied countries
4437:'s cabinet are Jewish (
4224:, who became the first
4069:American labor movement
3076:American exceptionalism
2981:Immigration Act of 1924
2973:Austro-Hungarian Empire
729:Twelve Tribes of Israel
26319:Puerto Rican Americans
24878:Cape Verdean Americans
24733:Saint Lucian Americans
24509:Ethnocultural politics
24477:Racial achievement gap
24407:Educational attainment
24228:Jewish Virtual Library
24128:San Diego Jewish World
24003:Washington Jewish Week
23996:St. Louis Jewish Light
23982:New Jersey Jewish News
23842:Baltimore Jewish Times
23761:Sigma Alpha Epsilon Pi
23432:Vaad Rabonei Lubavitch
23428:Agudas Chasidei Chabad
23326:Jewish Voice for Peace
23235:Jewish Labor Committee
23210:Jewish Women's Archive
23165:Anti-Defamation League
22981:Staub, Michael E. ed.
22978:(Citadel Press, 1952).
22871:Morawska, Ewa (1999).
22618:, 23. pp. 72–95.
21636:Ariel, Yaakov (2010).
21607:Ariel, Yaakov (2000).
21525:Whitfield, Stephen J.
21341:Sorin, Gerald (1997).
21144:. 2001. Archived from
20635:New Jersey Jewish News
20368:March 2, 2016, at the
20230:Crown Publishing Group
19201:July 14, 2018, at the
18224:June 12, 2018, at the
17131:Shalshelet Ha-Kabbalah
16869:. September 15, 2015.
16837:Jewish Virtual Library
16807:Jewish Virtual Library
16538:Jewish Women's Archive
16119:July 14, 2017, at the
15634:Berman Jewish DataBank
15411:Berman Jewish DataBank
14164:Helmreich, Jeffrey S.
13862:Novick, Peter (1999).
13509:The American Israelite
13472:; et al. (eds.).
13424:. 2006. Archived from
12962:
12954:
12702:Lists of American Jews
12605:John Bates Clark Medal
12524:of the Fed, including
12518:Federal Reserve System
12351:The influential group
12299:This Land is Your Land
12149:
11952:
11524:Evangelical Christians
11519:University of Maryland
11448:
11445:United States Congress
11414:
11199:, and 5% other types.
11187:candles on the other.
11175:
11160:According to the 1990
11157:
11114:
10745:CUNY, Brooklyn College
10696:University of Michigan
10581:from 1992 until 2000.
10563:Rockefeller Foundation
10395:postgraduate education
9957:identity with them to
9904:Jewish ethnic division
9823:around the end of the
9278:
6191:
6131:San Francisco Bay Area
4891:States and territories
4756:
4723:Anti-Defamation League
4599:
4573:Abraham Joshua Heschel
4267:; 26 Democrats and 1 (
4253:
2932:
2914:The American Israelite
26416:New Zealand Americans
26381:Micronesian Americans
26376:Marshallese Americans
26277:Costa Rican Americans
25736:Sammarinese Americans
25706:Montenegrin Americans
25436:Azerbaijani Americans
25399:Palestinian Americans
25321:Singaporean Americans
25169:Bangladeshi Americans
24777:Cameroonian Americans
24499:Unemployment by state
23856:Cleveland Jewish News
23849:Charlotte Jewish News
23818:Jewish News Syndicate
22957:Baron, Salo Wittmayer
22944:(annual, 1899–2012+),
22815:Kobrin, Rebecca, ed.
21754:Etengoff, C. (2011).
21707:Cohen, Naomi (1992).
21547:Further information:
21457:Marcus, Jacob Rader.
21446:Marcus, Jacob Rader.
21377:Further information:
21142:jewishfederations.org
20508:"Banking and Bankers"
20471:. February 15, 2010.
20335:July 8, 2014, at the
19713:. December 10, 2006.
19275:. September 5, 2009.
19012:May 29, 2021, at the
18335:. November 17, 2021.
18251:. 10 December 2017. 3
18244:June 3, 2019, at the
18171:. The Sydney Herald.
18054:. December 14, 2016.
17843:. December 13, 2016.
17810:. December 13, 2016.
17137:May 13, 2021, at the
16937:Diez, Maria Sanchez.
16357:. December 11, 2017.
16056:on September 23, 2003
16004:A History of the Jews
15993:on November 3, 2001).
15968:on November 27, 2007.
15858:on December 13, 2006.
15692:Jewish Social Studies
15481:Herman, Pini (2000).
15462:on September 23, 2006
15400:Della-Pergola, Sergio
15131:www.timesofisrael.com
14070:See Murray Friedman,
13920:10.1353/ajh.2000.0021
13275:Encyclopaedia Judaica
13206:www.jewsinamerica.org
12883:[ˌaʃkəˈnazim]
12445:Soros Fund Management
12402:internal improvements
12338:Newport Folk Festival
12331:thrived in Jazz music
12259:J. Robert Oppenheimer
12143:
11950:
11935:in New York City and
11439:
11412:
11399:Contemporary politics
11170:
11150:
11109:
10786:Binghamton University
10620:University of Florida
10312:Further information:
10172:into the modern era.
9486:African-American Jews
9480:African American Jews
9274:
9242:Kiryas Joel, New York
9187:cultural assimilation
6185:
4754:
4747:Jews in New York City
4745:Further information:
4688:Palestinian Authority
4619:Franklin D. Roosevelt
4590:
4583:International affairs
4507:gay rights in America
4499:Civil Rights Movement
4355:House Majority Leader
4249:
4087:Franklin D. Roosevelt
4085:With the election of
4042:Civil Rights Movement
3241:Franklin D. Roosevelt
2927:
2815:Further information:
2745:Jews who arrived via
2734:, and 1% identify as
1475:São Tomé and Príncipe
1470:Republic of the Congo
864:Second Temple Judaism
735:Kingdom of Judah
706:Modern historiography
335:Related ethnic groups
26489:Venezuelan Americans
26479:Surinamese Americans
26469:Paraguayan Americans
26459:Ecuadorian Americans
26411:Australian Americans
26302:Salvadoran Americans
26297:Panamanian Americans
26292:Nicaraguan Americans
26282:Guatemalan Americans
25721:Portuguese Americans
25686:Macedonian Americans
25676:Lithuanian Americans
25513:Belarusian Americans
25331:Vietnamese Americans
25301:Indonesian Americans
25255:Sri Lankan Americans
25121:Fuzhounese Americans
24918:Senegalese Americans
24856:Zimbabwean Americans
24748:Vincentian Americans
24079:Jewish Sports Review
23975:New York Jewish Week
23282:Major Israel-focused
23273:United Israel Appeal
23200:Jewish Future Pledge
22863:Moore, Deborah Dash.
22852:Moore, Deborah Dash.
22797:Dinnerstein, Leonard
22770:Cohen, Steven Martin
22534:Rebhum, Uzi (2016).
22256:; Licht, Robert A.;
22110:Cohen, Steven Martin
21787:Gallagher, Eugene V.
21689:. Faith in America.
20760:Jewish Business News
20735:May 5, 2014, at the
20418:on January 16, 2013.
20242:Sally Bedell Smith,
20160:. January 14, 2008.
20047:on February 12, 2020
19800:. November 9, 2008.
19484:Michael N. Barnett,
19384:. Yedioth Internet.
19115:on November 10, 2008
18868:on December 6, 2010.
18572:on December 20, 2007
18522:Kerr, Clark (2001).
18115:"Do Jews Hate Palin"
18091:on December 14, 2010
18077:Shapiro, Bernard J.
17997:. December 5, 2016.
17979:on February 6, 2009.
17717:. The Jewish Daily.
17230:"Ashkenazi - people"
16616:Atlanta Jewish Times
16183:Atlanta Jewish Times
15765:on November 28, 2002
15617:on December 2, 2006.
15376:on November 23, 2009
14947:8,000,000–10,000,000
14856:www.jewishagency.org
14620:. joachimprinz.com.
14586:(January 18, 2021).
13870:. Houghton Mifflin.
13565:. KTAV. p. 18.
13535:. November 9, 2015.
12903:יְהוּדֵי אַשְׁכְּנַז
12889:[ˌaʃkəˈnazi]
12736:United States portal
12499:white-shoe law firms
12441:SAC Capital Advisors
12342:Peter, Paul and Mary
12313:. Guthrie married a
11987:There is a sizeable
11569:political leanings.
11490:within their ranks.
10865:Private universities
10805:University at Albany
10579:Princeton University
10439:Modern Orthodox Jews
9944:Sephardic Golden Age
9774:5,700,000–8,000,000
9659:5,000,000–6,000,000
9589:converted to Judaism
9514:Jewish denominations
9506:North African Jewish
9234:New Square, New York
6243:District of Columbia
6169:Baltimore–Washington
5079:District of Columbia
4894:American Jews (2020)
4046:Black Power movement
3761:Dwight D. Eisenhower
3118:, together with the
2577:World Agudath Israel
1718:United Arab Emirates
805:Second Temple period
795:Babylonian captivity
76:Baltimore–Washington
26484:Uruguayan Americans
26454:Colombian Americans
26444:Brazilian Americans
26434:Argentine Americans
26314:Dominican Americans
26208:Alaskan Athabaskans
25807:Non-Hispanic whites
25800:Ukrainian Americans
25778:Slovenian Americans
25756:Norwegian Americans
25751:Icelandic Americans
25639:Hungarian Americans
25585:Dagestani Americans
25560:Bulgarian Americans
25379:Jordanian Americans
25316:Malaysian Americans
25286:Cambodian Americans
25238:Pakistani Americans
25228:Maldivian Americans
25181:Bhutanese Americans
25157:Mongolian Americans
25111:Taiwanese Americans
25106:Hong Kong Americans
24954:Ethiopian Americans
24824:Tanzanian Americans
24782:Congolese Americans
24713:Grenadian Americans
24698:Bermudian Americans
24693:Barbadian Americans
24427:Housing segregation
24381:Demographic history
24086:Jewish World Review
23906:The Jewish Exponent
23891:The Jewish Advocate
23581:Youth organizations
23488:Rabbinical Assembly
23436:Tomchei Tmimim-U.S.
23331:Masa Israel Journey
23065:The Literary Digest
22840:Liebman, Charles S.
22823:Liebman, Charles S.
22106:Liebman, Charles S.
22088:Liebman, Charles S.
22078:Liebman, Charles S.
22058:Liebman, Charles S.
22037:Liebman, Charles S.
21583:Moore, Deborah Dash
21561:Feingold, Henry L.
21439:Lederhendler, Eli.
21264:Shapiro, Edward S.
21254:Feingold, Henry L.
20902:Stanford Law Review
20430:"Folksong Festival"
20257:American Journalism
20184:Sarah Blacher Cohen
19747:on January 16, 2013
19616:"Editor's Comments"
19380:Benhorin, Yitzhak.
19297:Steven L. Spiegel,
19017:Pew Research Center
18984:. October 1, 2013.
18859:The Harris Poll #59
18824:. October 1, 2013.
18305:. January 7, 2022.
17651:on February 5, 2010
17544:Israeli-Palestinian
17183:Mosk, Carl (2013).
17069:Ashkenaz, based on
16532:Judith, Rosenbaum.
16506:The Washington Post
16325:Pew Research Center
16285:Pew Research Center
14832:(1). Archived from
14725:Melvin I. Urofsky,
14668:Henry L. Feingold,
14558:Pew Research Center
14403:on August 12, 2011.
13999:Pew Research Center
13766:Pew Research Center
13727:, February 26, 2008
13466:"WISE, ISAAC MAYER"
13359:Alexander DeConde,
12996:Pew Research Center
12774:Stereotypes of Jews
12357:Tzena, Tzena, Tzena
12303:The Asch Recordings
12281:American folk music
12193:Ruth Bader Ginsburg
11984:such as San Diego.
11982:Southern California
11659:
11598:and, increasingly,
11280:and 4% of American
11065:Brandeis University
11022:Columbia University
11003:Syracuse University
10949:University of Miami
10892:New York University
10593:Public universities
10569:, was president of
10546:from 1970 to 1981.
10540:UC Board of Regents
10532:research university
10354:Ethiopian Americans
10314:Ethiopian Americans
10293:to a large extent.
9813:diaspora population
9649:% of US population
9597:permanent residency
9389:Asian American Jews
9370:non-Hispanic whites
9362:Pew Research Center
9206:interfaith marriage
6196:
5996:
4809:Brandeis University
4684:Israel Policy Forum
4635:extermination camps
4611:Balfour Declaration
4521:March on Washington
4515:, president of the
4351:House Minority Whip
3588:
3142:
3036:
2850:Plantation Act 1740
2795:Israeli citizenship
2774:, encompassing the
2768:converts to Judaism
870:Hellenistic Judaism
448:Land of Israel
407:Principles of faith
113:Greater Boston Area
45:7,100,000–7,700,000
26:
26474:Peruvian Americans
26464:Guyanese Americans
26439:Bolivian Americans
26361:Chamorro Americans
26287:Honduran Americans
26272:Belizean Americans
26257:Canadian Americans
25726:Romanian Americans
25696:Moldovan Americans
25624:Galician Americans
25602:Estonian Americans
25570:Croatian Americans
25548:Scottish Americans
25503:Austrian Americans
25498:Asturian Americans
25493:Albanian Americans
25441:Georgian Americans
25431:Assyrian Americans
25426:Armenian Americans
25389:Lebanese Americans
25364:Bahraini Americans
25291:Filipino Americans
25233:Nepalese Americans
25196:Gujarati Americans
25145:Ryukyuan Americans
25140:Japanese Americans
25012:Sudanese Americans
25005:Tunisian Americans
24990:Algerian Americans
24973:Egyptian Americans
24949:Eritrean Americans
24928:Togolese Americans
24913:Nigerian Americans
24903:Liberian Americans
24888:Ghanaian Americans
24868:Beninese Americans
24846:Malawian Americans
24792:Gabonese Americans
24723:Jamaican Americans
24688:Bahamian Americans
24594:Moorish Scientists
24494:Standard of living
24188:The Jewish Channel
24024:Yeshiva World News
23914:The Jewish Journal
23835:Algemeiner Journal
23588:Jewish summer camp
23520:List of synagogues
23249:Major humanitarian
22807:Heilman, Samuel C.
22616:Contemporary Jewry
22556:Sarna, Jonathan D.
22486:Judaism in America
22258:Sarna, Jonathan D.
22254:Mittleman, Alan L.
22165:, 2 November 2001.
21961:Sarna, Jonathan D.
21906:Heilman, Samuel C.
21883:Gurock, Jeffrey S.
21861:Gurock, Jeffrey S.
21837:Gurock, Jeffrey S.
21430:Deborah Dash Moore
21428:Hyman, Paula, and
21415:10.1111/hic3.12033
20887:Charles D. Ellis,
20850:On the careers of
20537:Stephen Birmingham
20132:The New York Times
20095:. August 21, 2019.
19533:The New York Times
19140:The New York Times
19036:"Jewish Buddhists"
18928:. August 9, 2009.
18431:The Jerusalem Post
18333:The Jerusalem Post
18121:on August 26, 2014
17918:on April 29, 2009.
17514:My Jewish Learning
17366:My Jewish Learning
16016:Eyal, Gil (2006),
15945:, 15 November 2013
15661:"Uncommon Culture"
15628:Comenetz, Joshua.
15125:Dolsten, Josefin.
15063:on October 2, 2013
14716:Staub (2004) p. 80
14672:(1992), pp. 225–65
14304:Contemporary Jewry
14277:The New York Times
13724:The Jerusalem Post
13266:Berenbaum, Michael
12150:
11953:
11908:, primarily speak
11830:Many of America's
11657:
11513:in the 1930s, and
11449:
11415:
11391:. Film makers the
11365:Jonathan F.P. Rose
11337:American Buddhists
11176:
11158:
11115:
11030:Harvard University
10976:Yeshiva University
10930:Cornell University
10715:Indiana University
10639:Rutgers University
10571:Harvard University
10452:billion a year to
10435:have higher income
10094:Dominican Republic
9462:white nationalists
9351:white supremacists
9347:white nationalists
9323:Jewish populations
9307:Sub-Saharan Africa
9279:
9267:Race and ethnicity
9249:non-Hispanic white
6451:independent cities
6194:
6192:
5992:
4844:Reconstructionists
4757:
4600:
4474:Treasury Secretary
4470:Alejandro Mayorkas
4439:Secretary of State
4385:Richard Blumenthal
4379:: nine Democrats (
4254:
4186:and 3% for Perot.
4106:General Eisenhower
4038:New Deal Coalition
3604:Jewish vote to the
3586:
3158:Jewish vote to the
3140:
3034:
2945:Pale of Settlement
2933:
2431:Jewish Koine Greek
1973:Dominican Republic
1254:Judaism by country
933:Jews and Christmas
788:Assyrian captivity
290:and various other
24:
26612:
26611:
26608:
26607:
26565:American ancestry
26449:Chilean Americans
26391:Palauan Americans
26324:Mexican Americans
25783:Spanish Americans
25768:Serbian Americans
25761:Swedish Americans
25731:Russian Americans
25711:Occitan Americans
25701:Monacan Americans
25691:Maltese Americans
25666:Latvian Americans
25661:Kosovan Americans
25649:Italian Americans
25607:Finnish Americans
25575:Cypriot Americans
25565:Catalan Americans
25538:English Americans
25533:Cornish Americans
25528:British Americans
25523:Bosnian Americans
25518:Belgian Americans
25468:Turkish Americans
25463:Kurdish Americans
25456:Israeli Americans
25446:Iranian Americans
25384:Kuwaiti Americans
25369:Emirati Americans
25311:Laotian Americans
25306:Iu Mien Americans
25274:Burmese Americans
25243:Punjabi Americans
25206:Punjabi Americans
25191:Bengali Americans
25174:Bengali Americans
25133:Tibetan Americans
25101:Chinese Americans
25079:Turkmen Americans
25052:Pashtun Americans
25000:Moroccan American
24898:Ivorian Americans
24893:Guinean Americans
24883:Gambian Americans
24841:Angolan Americans
24829:Ugandan Americans
24718:Haitian Americans
24668:African Americans
24467:Racial inequality
24437:Income inequality
24402:Gender inequality
24338:
24337:
24258:
24257:
24156:We Are in America
23922:The Jewish Ledger
23794:
23793:
23756:Alpha Epsilon Phi
23721:Masorti on Campus
23662:Jewish day school
23562:Reconstructionist
23411:
23306:Birthright Israel
23010:978-0-385-52139-0
22953:Blau, Joseph Leon
22902:978-90-04-18388-9
22895:. Leiden: Brill.
22748:978-0-691-18129-5
22571:978-0-300-10197-3
22227:Plaut, W. Gunther
22223:Meyer, Michael A.
22199:Meyer, Michael A.
22185:978-0-787-69696-2
22170:Melton, J. Gordon
22028:978-0-7914-3581-6
21944:978-0-231-13728-7
21929:Kaplan, Dana Evan
21898:978-0-253-35291-0
21802:978-0-275-98714-5
21778:978-0-8143-3953-4
21763:Ferziger, Adam S.
21662:Blau, Joseph Leon
21653:978-1-4051-6936-3
21554:Dollinger, Marc.
21481:(1994): 309–320.
21373:Historical topics
21364:978-1-58465-669-2
21294:978-0-7425-0034-1
21268:, (Vol. 5, 1995)
21148:on July 20, 2013.
20739:November 16, 2005
20717:Vanity Fair Daily
20659:Steven L. Pease.
20620:Bruce Zuckerman,
20598:(2009) pp. 64, 70
20594:Bruce Zuckerman,
20361:Brody, Seymour. "
20296:10.1093/mj/kjm019
19922:. July 16, 2014.
19512:on June 15, 2010.
19497:Eric M. Uslaner,
19171:allenginsberg.org
19051:978-0-8264-3829-4
19032:Cohn-Sherbok, Dan
18880:Meyer, Michael A.
18755:978-0-691-18129-5
18631:on August 4, 2012
17747:. June 25, 2008.
17392:"Sephardi People"
17056:978-1-4058-8118-0
17045:(April 3, 2008).
16654:978-1-305-53727-9
16473:978-0-8147-1735-6
16221:978-1-305-53727-9
16088:978-0-8147-1735-6
15396:Dashefsky, Arnold
14836:on May 10, 2009.
14788:978-1-84519-189-4
14338:"2006 EXIT POLLS"
14231:by Marc Stanley,
14057:Ronald H. Bayor,
13679:Goldstein, Tani.
13285:978-0-02-866097-4
13113:978-0-7425-0034-1
12963:Judeus sefarditas
12957:(or sefarditas),
12940:
12933:
12895:
12880:
12568:family businesses
12497:("WASP") upscale
12305:) in response to
12263:Manhattan Project
12158:Judah P. Benjamin
11942:Richmond District
11937:Sunny Isles Beach
11817:
11816:
11640:Jewish secularism
11596:Reconstructionist
11383:of the rap group
11354:Robert Downey Jr.
11248:Religious beliefs
11212:Sephardic Haredim
11197:Reconstructionist
11099:
11098:
11095:
11094:
11034:Tulane University
10911:Boston University
10880:% of Student body
10861:
10860:
10608:% of Student body
10577:was president of
10146:עֲדוֹת-הַמִּזְרָח
10041:; as well as the
9908:Iberian Peninsula
9839:with elements of
9837:Germanic language
9821:Holy Roman Empire
9797:or, by using the
9781:
9780:
9321:who descend from
9178:
9177:
6406:Lakewood Township
6355:
6354:
6180:
6179:
5985:
5984:
4592:Winston Churchill
4421:run for President
4346:of Rhode Island.
4172:George H. W. Bush
4110:Warren G. Harding
4095:Progressive Party
4025:
4024:
3896:George H. W. Bush
3637:Warren G. Harding
3620:Charles E. Hughes
3611:Republican Party
3606:Republican Party
3599:Republican Party
3597:Candidate of the
3584:
3583:
3355:Lyndon B. Johnson
3165:Democratic Party
3160:Democratic Party
3153:Democratic Party
3151:Candidate of the
3083:racial definition
3067:
3066:
2827:Thirteen Colonies
2730:, 3% identify as
2706:citizens who are
2693:
2692:
2642:
2641:
2390:
2389:
2137:Reconstructionist
2081:
2080:
1233:
1232:
1040:
1039:
877:Jewish–Roman wars
825:Hasmonean dynasty
741:Kingdom of Israel
645:
644:
346:
345:
341:Israeli Americans
328:atheist, agnostic
26647:
26401:Tongan Americans
26396:Samoan Americans
26386:Native Hawaiians
26366:Fijian Americans
26268:Central America
25828:Native Americans
25773:Slovak Americans
25746:Danish Americans
25716:Polish Americans
25629:German Americans
25612:French Americans
25590:Lezgin Americans
25508:Basque Americans
25451:Jewish Americans
25419:Yemeni Americans
25414:Syrian Americans
25404:Qatari Americans
25340:Romani Americans
25248:Sindhi Americans
25221:Telugu Americans
25211:Sindhi Americans
25186:Indian Americans
25152:Korean Americans
25084:Uyghur Americans
25069:Kyrgyz Americans
25064:Kazakh Americans
25059:Baloch Americans
25047:Afghan Americans
24995:Libyan Americans
24985:Berber Americans
24978:Coptic Americans
24959:Somali Americans
24935:Yoruba Americans
24908:Malian Americans
24814:Kenyan Americans
24658:
24657:
24651:By continent and
24422:Household income
24365:
24358:
24351:
24342:
24341:
24327:
24326:
23937:The Jewish Press
23803:
23802:
23751:Alpha Epsilon Pi
23711:Chabad on Campus
23701:
23700:
23524:
23407:
23101:
23094:
23087:
23078:
23077:
23022:
22964:
22930:
22911:Waxman, Chaim I.
22906:
22787:
22752:
22733:Wertheimer, Jack
22728:
22709:Wertheimer, Jack
22704:
22687:Wertheimer, Jack
22682:
22655:Wertheimer, Jack
22650:
22631:Wertheimer, Jack
22608:
22575:
22551:
22530:
22510:
22501:
22489:
22478:
22466:
22455:
22443:
22432:
22410:
22388:
22342:
22320:
22287:
22275:
22249:
22237:
22218:
22189:
22151:
22127:
22074:
22066:
22053:
22045:
22032:
22011:
21982:
21970:
21948:
21910:Cohen, Steven M.
21902:
21878:
21856:
21830:American Judaism
21822:
21782:
21746:Eisen, Arnold M.
21742:
21725:(1/2): 137–163.
21715:Cohen, Steven M.
21704:
21691:J. Gordon Melton
21679:
21657:
21632:
21522:
21499:Wertheimer, Jack
21487:Wenger, Beth S.
21418:
21368:
21349:Wertheimer, Jack
21338:
21319:
21298:
21219:
21210:
21193:Waxman, Chaim I.
21150:
21149:
21134:
21128:
21127:
21125:
21123:
21104:
21098:
21097:
21095:
21093:
21078:
21072:
21071:
21069:
21067:
21047:
21038:
21037:
21035:
21033:
21013:
21007:
21006:
21004:
21002:
20993:. PBS Newshour.
20986:
20980:
20979:
20977:
20975:
20960:
20954:
20953:
20947:
20939:
20937:
20935:
20924:
20918:
20911:
20905:
20898:
20892:
20885:
20879:
20868:Sanford I. Weill
20856:Salomon Brothers
20848:
20842:
20835:
20829:
20822:
20816:
20800:
20794:
20793:
20791:
20789:
20769:
20763:
20762:, March 26, 2013
20746:
20740:
20727:
20721:
20712:
20706:
20705:
20703:
20701:
20682:
20676:
20670:
20664:
20657:
20651:
20644:
20638:
20637:January 13, 2010
20631:
20625:
20618:
20612:
20605:
20599:
20592:
20586:
20585:(2005) pp. 55–56
20579:
20573:
20566:
20560:
20553:
20547:
20534:
20528:
20527:
20525:
20523:
20504:
20498:
20491:
20485:
20484:
20482:
20480:
20461:
20455:
20452:
20446:
20445:
20443:
20441:
20426:
20420:
20419:
20407:
20401:
20400:
20398:
20396:
20379:
20373:
20359:
20353:
20346:
20340:
20322:
20316:
20315:
20279:
20273:
20266:
20260:
20253:
20247:
20240:
20234:
20233:
20216:
20210:
20209:
20193:
20180:
20174:
20173:
20171:
20169:
20154:
20148:
20147:
20145:
20143:
20123:
20117:
20103:
20097:
20096:
20089:
20083:
20082:
20080:
20078:
20063:
20057:
20056:
20054:
20052:
20043:. Archived from
20033:
20027:
20026:
20024:
20022:
20003:
19997:
19996:
19994:
19992:
19973:
19967:
19966:
19964:
19962:
19942:
19936:
19935:
19933:
19931:
19912:
19906:
19905:
19903:
19901:
19886:
19880:
19879:
19877:
19875:
19869:
19858:
19850:
19844:
19843:
19841:
19839:
19834:on June 19, 2022
19830:. Archived from
19820:
19814:
19813:
19811:
19809:
19790:
19784:
19783:
19781:
19779:
19763:
19757:
19756:
19754:
19752:
19743:. Archived from
19733:
19727:
19726:
19724:
19722:
19703:
19697:
19696:
19694:
19692:
19686:
19675:
19667:
19661:
19646:Boyarsky, Bill.
19644:
19638:
19637:
19635:
19633:
19627:
19620:
19612:
19606:
19605:
19603:
19601:
19581:
19575:
19574:
19572:
19570:
19550:
19544:
19543:
19541:
19539:
19524:
19518:
19517:
19513:
19511:
19505:. Archived from
19504:
19495:
19489:
19482:
19476:
19475:
19473:
19471:
19455:
19449:
19435:
19429:
19428:
19426:
19424:
19404:
19398:
19397:
19395:
19393:
19377:
19368:
19367:
19365:
19363:
19344:
19338:
19337:
19335:
19333:
19327:
19316:
19308:
19302:
19295:
19289:
19288:
19286:
19284:
19268:
19265:"The Dude Abides
19261:
19255:
19254:
19252:
19250:
19231:
19225:
19212:
19206:
19193:
19187:
19186:
19184:
19182:
19177:on July 23, 2008
19173:. Archived from
19162:
19156:
19155:
19153:
19151:
19131:
19125:
19124:
19122:
19120:
19105:
19099:
19098:
19096:
19094:
19074:
19068:
19067:
19065:
19063:
19028:
19019:
19004:
18998:
18997:
18995:
18993:
18974:
18968:
18967:
18965:
18963:
18948:
18942:
18941:
18939:
18937:
18918:
18912:
18911:
18909:
18907:
18876:
18870:
18869:
18867:
18861:. Archived from
18856:
18847:
18838:
18837:
18835:
18833:
18812:
18806:
18805:
18782:Wertheimer, Jack
18778:
18772:
18771:
18769:
18767:
18740:Wertheimer, Jack
18736:
18730:
18728:
18726:
18724:
18689:Wertheimer, Jack
18685:
18676:
18675:
18673:
18671:
18652:
18641:
18640:
18638:
18636:
18621:
18615:
18614:
18612:
18610:
18591:
18582:
18581:
18579:
18577:
18558:
18552:
18551:
18549:
18547:
18519:
18510:
18503:
18497:
18480:
18471:
18453:
18447:
18446:
18444:
18442:
18422:
18416:
18415:
18413:
18411:
18391:
18385:
18384:
18382:
18380:
18374:
18363:
18355:
18349:
18348:
18346:
18344:
18325:
18319:
18318:
18316:
18314:
18295:
18289:
18288:
18286:
18284:
18262:
18256:
18254:
18249:The Conversation
18235:
18229:
18216:
18210:
18209:
18191:
18185:
18184:
18182:
18180:
18164:
18158:
18157:
18137:
18131:
18130:
18128:
18126:
18110:
18101:
18100:
18098:
18096:
18090:
18083:
18074:
18068:
18067:
18065:
18063:
18048:
18042:
18041:
18039:
18037:
18017:
18011:
18010:
18008:
18006:
17987:
17981:
17980:
17978:
17967:
17959:
17953:
17952:
17950:
17948:
17929:
17920:
17919:
17917:
17906:
17898:
17892:
17891:
17889:
17887:
17868:
17857:
17856:
17854:
17852:
17833:
17824:
17823:
17821:
17819:
17800:
17794:
17793:
17791:
17789:
17767:
17761:
17760:
17758:
17756:
17737:
17731:
17730:
17728:
17726:
17706:
17700:
17699:
17697:
17695:
17667:
17661:
17660:
17658:
17656:
17640:
17634:
17633:
17631:
17629:
17609:
17603:
17602:
17600:
17598:
17579:
17573:
17566:
17560:
17559:
17557:
17555:
17536:
17530:
17529:
17527:
17525:
17506:
17500:
17499:
17497:
17495:
17476:
17470:
17469:
17467:
17465:
17444:
17438:
17437:
17435:
17433:
17418:
17412:
17411:
17409:
17407:
17388:
17382:
17381:
17379:
17377:
17357:
17351:
17335:
17329:
17313:
17307:
17306:
17295:
17289:
17288:
17286:
17284:
17256:
17250:
17249:
17247:
17245:
17236:. July 4, 2023.
17226:
17220:
17219:
17214:
17212:
17180:
17171:
17151:Jerusalem Talmud
17095:
17085:
17081:
17067:
17061:
17060:
17039:
17030:
17029:
16996:
16990:
16989:
16987:
16985:
16965:
16959:
16958:
16956:
16954:
16934:
16928:
16927:
16925:
16923:
16889:
16883:
16882:
16880:
16878:
16859:
16853:
16852:
16850:
16848:
16829:
16823:
16822:
16820:
16818:
16799:
16793:
16792:
16791:
16789:
16772:
16766:
16765:
16763:
16761:
16740:
16734:
16733:
16731:
16729:
16707:
16701:
16700:
16698:
16696:
16677:
16671:
16670:
16668:
16666:
16638:
16632:
16631:
16629:
16627:
16607:
16601:
16600:
16588:
16582:
16580:
16574:
16564:
16558:
16557:
16551:
16549:
16544:on July 14, 2017
16540:. Archived from
16529:
16523:
16522:
16520:
16518:
16496:
16490:
16489:
16487:
16485:
16457:
16451:
16450:
16448:
16446:
16436:
16412:
16403:
16402:
16400:
16398:
16392:
16385:
16377:
16371:
16370:
16368:
16366:
16347:
16341:
16340:
16338:
16336:
16327:. May 11, 2021.
16317:
16304:
16303:
16301:
16299:
16293:
16282:
16274:
16268:
16267:
16265:
16263:
16244:
16238:
16237:
16235:
16233:
16205:
16199:
16198:
16196:
16194:
16174:
16168:
16167:
16155:
16149:
16147:
16141:
16131:
16125:
16111:
16105:
16104:
16102:
16100:
16072:
16066:
16065:
16063:
16061:
16046:
16040:
16034:
16013:
16007:
16000:
15994:
15979:
15973:
15972:
15969:
15967:
15961:. Archived from
15960:
15952:
15946:
15929:
15923:
15922:
15920:
15918:
15907:manchester.ac.uk
15899:
15890:
15889:
15887:
15885:
15866:
15860:
15859:
15857:
15850:
15842:
15836:
15835:
15833:
15831:
15811:
15805:
15804:
15802:
15800:
15791:. October 2013.
15781:
15775:
15774:
15772:
15770:
15761:. Archived from
15755:
15749:
15748:
15746:
15744:
15738:
15725:
15717:
15711:
15710:
15698:(3/4): 334–335.
15687:
15681:
15680:
15678:
15676:
15656:
15650:
15649:
15647:
15645:
15625:
15619:
15618:
15607:
15601:
15600:
15598:
15596:
15587:. Archived from
15577:
15571:
15570:
15568:
15566:
15560:
15545:
15533:
15527:
15526:
15524:
15522:
15507:
15501:
15500:
15498:
15496:
15478:
15472:
15471:
15469:
15467:
15452:
15446:
15445:
15444:on May 13, 2012.
15443:
15437:. Archived from
15436:
15428:
15422:
15421:
15419:
15417:
15408:
15392:
15386:
15385:
15383:
15381:
15366:
15360:
15359:
15353:
15345:
15343:
15341:
15326:
15313:
15312:
15310:
15308:
15289:
15283:
15282:
15280:
15278:
15250:
15244:
15243:
15241:
15239:
15233:
15222:
15213:
15207:
15206:
15204:
15202:
15193:. May 16, 2019.
15183:
15177:
15176:
15174:
15172:
15163:. May 17, 2020.
15153:
15147:
15146:
15144:
15142:
15122:
15116:
15115:
15113:
15111:
15091:
15085:
15082:
15073:
15072:
15070:
15068:
15062:
15056:. Archived from
15055:
15047:
15041:
15040:
15038:
15036:
15020:
15014:
15013:
15011:
15009:
14990:
14979:
14976:
14974:
14972:
14966:
14959:
14942:
14940:
14938:
14913:
14902:
14901:
14895:
14893:
14873:
14867:
14866:
14864:
14862:
14848:
14842:
14841:
14817:
14811:
14810:
14797:
14795:
14764:
14755:
14745:
14739:
14736:
14730:
14723:
14717:
14714:
14708:
14707:
14679:
14673:
14666:
14660:
14659:
14657:
14655:
14640:
14634:
14633:
14631:
14629:
14614:
14608:
14607:
14605:
14603:
14580:
14574:
14573:
14571:
14569:
14549:
14543:
14542:
14540:
14538:
14523:
14517:
14516:
14514:
14512:
14490:
14484:
14483:
14481:
14479:
14460:
14454:
14453:
14451:
14449:
14430:
14424:
14411:
14405:
14404:
14393:
14387:
14386:
14384:
14382:
14360:
14354:
14353:
14351:
14349:
14334:
14328:
14327:
14299:
14293:
14292:
14290:
14288:
14268:
14262:
14261:
14259:
14257:
14242:
14236:
14219:
14213:
14212:
14210:
14208:
14188:
14182:
14181:
14179:
14177:
14161:
14146:
14145:
14143:
14141:
14136:on June 24, 2016
14126:
14120:
14119:
14117:
14115:
14110:on June 25, 2016
14100:
14094:
14084:
14075:
14068:
14062:
14055:
14049:
14048:
14046:
14044:
14024:
14015:
14014:
14012:
14010:
13990:
13981:
13980:
13978:
13976:
13961:
13940:
13939:
13903:
13897:
13896:
13888:
13882:
13881:
13869:
13859:
13853:
13852:
13832:
13826:
13825:
13805:
13799:
13788:
13782:
13781:
13779:
13777:
13758:
13752:
13746:
13740:
13734:
13728:
13707:
13701:
13700:
13698:
13696:
13676:
13670:
13669:
13667:
13665:
13645:
13639:
13638:
13632:
13630:
13608:
13602:
13601:(2004) pp. 284–5
13599:American Judaism
13595:
13589:
13588:
13586:
13584:
13555:
13549:
13548:
13546:
13544:
13525:
13519:
13487:
13485:
13483:
13462:Philipson, David
13450:
13449:
13444:
13438:
13437:
13435:
13433:
13428:on April 2, 2012
13410:
13404:
13403:
13401:
13399:
13390:. TeacherServe.
13379:
13373:
13357:
13351:
13350:
13348:
13346:
13326:
13320:
13319:
13317:
13315:
13296:
13290:
13289:
13261:
13252:
13251:
13249:
13247:
13228:
13222:
13221:
13219:
13217:
13198:
13192:
13191:
13185:
13177:
13159:
13153:
13152:
13151:
13149:
13131:
13122:
13121:
13085:
13079:
13078:
13076:
13074:
13065:. July 7, 2017.
13053:
13047:
13046:
13041:
13039:
13033:
13022:
13013:
13007:
13006:
13004:
13002:
12987:
12965:
12955:Judíos sefardíes
12947:Ye'hude Sepharad
12944:
12943:יְהוּדֵי סְפָרַד
12935:
12928:
12926:
12918:
12912:
12910:
12908:Y'hudey Ashkenaz
12904:
12900:
12893:
12891:
12885:
12878:
12876:
12865:
12861:
12857:
12852:
12851:
12848:
12847:
12844:
12841:
12838:
12835:
12832:
12829:
12826:
12823:
12820:
12815:
12814:
12811:
12808:
12799:
12793:
12790:
12738:
12733:
12732:
12731:
12724:
12719:
12718:
12717:
12662:matzoh ball soup
12387:is also Jewish.
12183:, of which one (
12165:Secretary of War
12085:William S. Paley
12054:Jews in baseball
12003:Classical Hebrew
11895:Deal, New Jersey
11850:American English
11821:English speakers
11813:
11660:
11656:
11612:
11580:Democratic Party
11556:
11546:
11385:The Beastie Boys
11333:Jewish Buddhists
11316:Jews by affinity
11276:(8% of American
11026:Emory University
10868:
10867:
10596:
10595:
10589:
10588:
10567:Lawrence Summers
10451:
10403:Indian-Americans
10342:Ethiopian Empire
10338:Jewish community
10332:, also known as
10155:
10152:
10148:
10147:
10138:
10137:
10128:
10127:
10116:
10047:Ashkenazi Jewish
9955:Jewish diasporic
9888:, also known as
9849:Slavic languages
9825:first millennium
9793:, also known as
9640:
9639:
9239:
9236:receives Section
9165:
9163:
9162:
9139:
9137:
9136:
9113:
9111:
9110:
9087:
9085:
9084:
9061:
9059:
9058:
9035:
9033:
9032:
9009:
9007:
9006:
8983:
8981:
8980:
8957:
8955:
8954:
8931:
8929:
8928:
8905:
8903:
8902:
8879:
8877:
8876:
8853:
8851:
8850:
8827:
8825:
8824:
8801:
8799:
8798:
8775:
8773:
8772:
8749:
8747:
8746:
8723:
8721:
8720:
8697:
8695:
8694:
8671:
8669:
8668:
8645:
8643:
8642:
8619:
8617:
8616:
8593:
8591:
8590:
8567:
8565:
8564:
8541:
8539:
8538:
8515:
8513:
8512:
8489:
8487:
8486:
8463:
8461:
8460:
8437:
8435:
8434:
8411:
8409:
8408:
8385:
8383:
8382:
8359:
8357:
8356:
8333:
8331:
8330:
8307:
8305:
8304:
8281:
8279:
8278:
8255:
8253:
8252:
8229:
8227:
8226:
8203:
8201:
8200:
8177:
8175:
8174:
8151:
8149:
8148:
8125:
8123:
8122:
8099:
8097:
8096:
8073:
8071:
8070:
8047:
8045:
8044:
8021:
8019:
8018:
7995:
7993:
7992:
7969:
7967:
7966:
7943:
7941:
7940:
7917:
7915:
7914:
7891:
7889:
7888:
7865:
7863:
7862:
7839:
7837:
7836:
7813:
7811:
7810:
7787:
7785:
7784:
7761:
7759:
7758:
7737:Washington, D.C.
7735:
7733:
7732:
7724:Washington, D.C.
7709:
7707:
7706:
7683:
7681:
7680:
7657:
7655:
7654:
7631:
7629:
7628:
7605:
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7602:
7579:
7577:
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7553:
7551:
7550:
7527:
7525:
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7501:
7499:
7498:
7475:
7473:
7472:
7449:
7447:
7446:
7423:
7421:
7420:
7397:
7395:
7394:
7371:
7369:
7368:
7345:
7343:
7342:
7319:
7317:
7316:
7293:
7291:
7290:
7267:
7265:
7264:
7241:
7239:
7238:
7215:
7213:
7212:
7189:
7187:
7186:
7163:
7161:
7160:
7137:
7135:
7134:
7111:
7109:
7108:
7085:
7083:
7082:
7059:
7057:
7056:
7033:
7031:
7030:
7007:
7005:
7004:
6981:
6979:
6978:
6955:
6953:
6952:
6929:
6927:
6926:
6903:
6901:
6900:
6877:
6875:
6874:
6851:
6849:
6848:
6825:
6823:
6822:
6799:
6797:
6796:
6773:
6771:
6770:
6747:
6745:
6744:
6721:
6719:
6718:
6695:
6693:
6692:
6669:
6667:
6666:
6643:
6641:
6640:
6617:
6615:
6614:
6591:
6589:
6588:
6565:
6563:
6562:
6539:
6537:
6536:
6513:
6511:
6510:
6487:
6485:
6484:
6456:
6455:
6197:
6193:
5997:
5991:
5974:
5958:
5956:
5955:
5937:
5935:
5934:
5916:
5914:
5913:
5895:
5893:
5892:
5874:
5872:
5871:
5853:
5851:
5850:
5832:
5830:
5829:
5811:
5809:
5808:
5790:
5788:
5787:
5769:
5767:
5766:
5748:
5746:
5745:
5727:
5725:
5724:
5706:
5704:
5703:
5685:
5683:
5682:
5664:
5662:
5661:
5643:
5641:
5640:
5622:
5620:
5619:
5601:
5599:
5598:
5580:
5578:
5577:
5559:
5557:
5556:
5538:
5536:
5535:
5517:
5515:
5514:
5496:
5494:
5493:
5475:
5473:
5472:
5454:
5452:
5451:
5433:
5431:
5430:
5412:
5410:
5409:
5391:
5389:
5388:
5370:
5368:
5367:
5349:
5347:
5346:
5328:
5326:
5325:
5307:
5305:
5304:
5286:
5284:
5283:
5265:
5263:
5262:
5244:
5242:
5241:
5223:
5221:
5220:
5202:
5200:
5199:
5181:
5179:
5178:
5160:
5158:
5157:
5139:
5137:
5136:
5118:
5117:
5098:
5096:
5095:
5077:
5075:
5074:
5056:
5054:
5053:
5035:
5033:
5032:
5014:
5012:
5011:
4993:
4991:
4990:
4972:
4970:
4969:
4951:
4949:
4948:
4930:
4928:
4927:
4909:
4907:
4906:
4888:
4887:
4883:Arnold Dashefsky
4832:Reform tradition
4803:released by the
4788:Arnold Dashefsky
4701:(AFSI), and the
4672:pro-Israel lobby
4660:1982 Lebanon War
4654:and the rise of
4534:
4526:
4446:Attorney General
4397:Dianne Feinstein
4366:Republican Party
4362:Democratic Party
4342:of Colorado and
4303:of Florida, and
4258:David Levy Yulee
4251:David Levy Yulee
4232:In the February
4226:African American
4073:Democratic Party
3589:
3585:
3143:
3139:
3097:Horace M. Kallen
3046:$ 50,000–99,999
3043:$ 30,000–49,999
3037:
3033:
3010:American culture
2929:Eastern European
2887:Isaac Meyer Wise
2700:Jewish Americans
2685:
2678:
2671:
2534:
2533:
2415:
2236:
2230:
2211:
2175:
2174:
2122:
2069:New Zealand
2021:
1984:El Salvador
1974:
1906:Northern America
1898:
1492:
1248:
1247:
1159:Crimean Karaites
1055:
1054:
1033:
1031:
952:
950:
942:
936:
927:
915:Rabbinic Judaism
896:
890:
884:
872:
860:
826:
819:Maccabean Revolt
796:
789:
783:
775:
768:
762:
754:
736:
660:
659:
634:
529:
528:
461:
449:
348:
347:
181:American English
166:
165:
159:
158:
154:
152:
151:
137:
136:
132:
130:
129:
117:Saint Louis Area
39:Total population
34:
27:
23:
26655:
26654:
26650:
26649:
26648:
26646:
26645:
26644:
26615:
26614:
26613:
26604:
26551:
26493:
26422:
26342:
26309:Cuban Americans
25950:Mission Indians
25816:
25795:Swiss Americans
25644:Irish Americans
25634:Greek Americans
25597:Dutch Americans
25580:Czech Americans
25553:Welsh Americans
25488:White Americans
25474:
25409:Saudi Americans
25394:Omani Americans
25374:Iraqi Americans
25296:Hmong Americans
25279:Karen Americans
25260:Tamil Americans
25216:Tamil Americans
25126:Hoklo Americans
25116:Hakka Americans
25089:Uzbek Americans
25074:Tajik Americans
25030:Asian Americans
25018:
24945:Horn of Africa
24653:ethnic ancestry
24652:
24645:
24611:Native American
24599:Nation of Islam
24589:Five Percenters
24513:
24482:Racial wage gap
24472:Race and health
24457:Personal income
24389:
24383:
24374:
24369:
24339:
24334:
24315:
24294:
24254:
24244:Tablet Magazine
24192:
24161:
24072:Jewish Currents
24065:Emunah Magazine
24029:
23952:The Jewish Star
23944:Jewish Standard
23822:
23790:
23781:Tau Epsilon Phi
23771:Sigma Delta Tau
23742:
23735:
23692:
23640:
23576:
23522:
23521:
23515:
23409:
23406:
23404:
23398:
23394:Tomchei Shabbos
23366:
23360:
23346:New Israel Fund
23341:Nefesh B'Nefesh
23283:
23277:
23250:
23244:
23147:
23141:
23110:
23105:
23029:
23011:
22959:, eds. (1963).
22937:
22935:Primary sources
22927:
22903:
22829:, Varda Books.
22784:
22759:
22749:
22725:
22701:
22679:
22647:
22612:Waxman, Chaim I
22605:
22572:
22548:
22498:
22475:
22452:
22429:
22407:
22385:
22339:
22317:
22272:
22260:, eds. (2002).
22246:
22235:
22215:
22186:
22148:
22124:
22064:
22043:
22029:
21979:
21945:
21899:
21875:
21853:
21803:
21779:
21701:
21676:
21654:
21621:
21603:
21568:Goren, Arthur.
21551:
21545:
21519:
21403:History Compass
21381:
21375:
21365:
21335:
21316:
21295:
21279:"American Jews"
21258:(Vol. 4, 1992)
21244:Sorin, Gerald.
21238:(Vol. 2, 1992)
21233:Diner, Hasia R.
21226:(Vol. 1, 1992)
21207:
21195:, eds. (1999).
21164:
21159:
21154:
21153:
21136:
21135:
21131:
21121:
21119:
21106:
21105:
21101:
21091:
21089:
21080:
21079:
21075:
21065:
21063:
21048:
21041:
21031:
21029:
21014:
21010:
21000:
20998:
20987:
20983:
20973:
20971:
20962:
20961:
20957:
20941:
20940:
20933:
20931:
20926:
20925:
20921:
20912:
20908:
20899:
20895:
20886:
20882:
20849:
20845:
20836:
20832:
20823:
20819:
20814:Wayback Machine
20801:
20797:
20787:
20785:
20770:
20766:
20756:Wayback Machine
20747:
20743:
20737:Wayback Machine
20728:
20724:
20713:
20709:
20699:
20697:
20684:
20683:
20679:
20671:
20667:
20658:
20654:
20645:
20641:
20632:
20628:
20619:
20615:
20606:
20602:
20593:
20589:
20580:
20576:
20567:
20563:
20554:
20550:
20535:
20531:
20521:
20519:
20506:
20505:
20501:
20493:Dave von Ronk,
20492:
20488:
20478:
20476:
20463:
20462:
20458:
20453:
20449:
20439:
20437:
20428:
20427:
20423:
20408:
20404:
20394:
20392:
20381:
20380:
20376:
20370:Wayback Machine
20360:
20356:
20347:
20343:
20337:Wayback Machine
20323:
20319:
20280:
20276:
20267:
20263:
20254:
20250:
20241:
20237:
20217:
20213:
20206:
20181:
20177:
20167:
20165:
20156:
20155:
20151:
20141:
20139:
20124:
20120:
20114:Wayback Machine
20104:
20100:
20091:
20090:
20086:
20076:
20074:
20073:on June 2, 2000
20065:
20064:
20060:
20050:
20048:
20035:
20034:
20030:
20020:
20018:
20005:
20004:
20000:
19990:
19988:
19975:
19974:
19970:
19960:
19958:
19943:
19939:
19929:
19927:
19914:
19913:
19909:
19899:
19897:
19888:
19887:
19883:
19873:
19871:
19867:
19856:
19852:
19851:
19847:
19837:
19835:
19828:pewresearch.org
19822:
19821:
19817:
19807:
19805:
19792:
19791:
19787:
19777:
19775:
19764:
19760:
19750:
19748:
19741:jewsonfirst.org
19735:
19734:
19730:
19720:
19718:
19705:
19704:
19700:
19690:
19688:
19684:
19673:
19669:
19668:
19664:
19655:Wayback Machine
19645:
19641:
19631:
19629:
19625:
19618:
19614:
19613:
19609:
19599:
19597:
19592:. Gallup, Inc.
19582:
19578:
19568:
19566:
19559:Moment Magazine
19551:
19547:
19537:
19535:
19525:
19521:
19515:
19509:
19502:
19498:
19496:
19492:
19483:
19479:
19469:
19467:
19456:
19452:
19448:. May 22, 2019.
19446:Wayback Machine
19436:
19432:
19422:
19420:
19405:
19401:
19391:
19389:
19378:
19371:
19361:
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19345:
19341:
19331:
19329:
19325:
19314:
19310:
19309:
19305:
19296:
19292:
19282:
19280:
19266:
19263:
19262:
19258:
19248:
19246:
19233:
19232:
19228:
19222:Wayback Machine
19213:
19209:
19203:Wayback Machine
19194:
19190:
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19159:
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19107:
19106:
19102:
19092:
19090:
19075:
19071:
19061:
19059:
19052:
19029:
19022:
19014:Wayback Machine
19005:
19001:
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18959:
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18903:
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18873:
18865:
18854:
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18809:
18798:
18779:
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18765:
18763:
18756:
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18733:
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18713:
18686:
18679:
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18654:
18653:
18644:
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18618:
18608:
18606:
18593:
18592:
18585:
18575:
18573:
18560:
18559:
18555:
18545:
18543:
18536:
18520:
18513:
18505:Morton Keller,
18504:
18500:
18495:Wayback Machine
18481:
18474:
18468:Wayback Machine
18454:
18450:
18440:
18438:
18423:
18419:
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18361:
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18292:
18282:
18280:
18263:
18259:
18252:
18246:Wayback Machine
18236:
18232:
18226:Wayback Machine
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18213:
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17956:
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17923:
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17899:
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17885:
17883:
17870:
17869:
17860:
17850:
17848:
17835:
17834:
17827:
17817:
17815:
17802:
17801:
17797:
17787:
17785:
17770:Grubin, David.
17768:
17764:
17754:
17752:
17739:
17738:
17734:
17724:
17722:
17707:
17703:
17693:
17691:
17684:
17668:
17664:
17654:
17652:
17641:
17637:
17627:
17625:
17610:
17606:
17596:
17594:
17581:
17580:
17576:
17567:
17563:
17553:
17551:
17538:
17537:
17533:
17523:
17521:
17508:
17507:
17503:
17493:
17491:
17478:
17477:
17473:
17463:
17461:
17446:
17445:
17441:
17431:
17429:
17420:
17419:
17415:
17405:
17403:
17390:
17389:
17385:
17375:
17373:
17358:
17354:
17348:Wayback Machine
17336:
17332:
17326:Wayback Machine
17314:
17310:
17296:
17292:
17282:
17280:
17273:
17257:
17253:
17243:
17241:
17228:
17227:
17223:
17210:
17208:
17201:
17193:. p. 143.
17181:
17174:
17139:Wayback Machine
17093:
17087:Perseus Project
17083:
17068:
17064:
17057:
17040:
17033:
17019:
16997:
16993:
16983:
16981:
16966:
16962:
16952:
16950:
16935:
16931:
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16919:
16890:
16886:
16876:
16874:
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16846:
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16816:
16814:
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16800:
16796:
16787:
16785:
16774:
16773:
16769:
16759:
16757:
16741:
16737:
16727:
16725:
16708:
16704:
16694:
16692:
16679:
16678:
16674:
16664:
16662:
16655:
16639:
16635:
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16608:
16604:
16589:
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16561:
16547:
16545:
16530:
16526:
16516:
16514:
16497:
16493:
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16481:
16474:
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16444:
16442:
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16406:
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16394:
16390:
16383:
16379:
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16374:
16364:
16362:
16349:
16348:
16344:
16334:
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15591:on May 12, 2008
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15094:Yellin, Deena.
15092:
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15034:
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15023:Forman, Ethan.
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14584:Kornbluh, Jacob
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13470:Singer, Isidore
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13090:"American Jews"
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12929:Modern Hebrew:
12919:
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12875:אַשְׁכְּנַזִּים
12863:
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12817:
12805:
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12698:
12642:
12636:
12596:Milton Friedman
12592:Thomas Friedman
12564:
12552:Main articles:
12550:
12530:Arthur F. Burns
12507:
12505:Federal Reserve
12422:Lehman Brothers
12414:Joseph Seligman
12393:
12391:Finance and law
12329:Jews have also
12283:
12216:
12189:Merrick Garland
12138:
12132:
12124:Main articles:
12122:
12080:
12048:Main articles:
12046:
12044:Popular culture
12037:
12031:
11989:Mountain Jewish
11965:Bukharian Times
11801:
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11575:
11573:Domestic issues
11554:
11544:
11507:foreign affairs
11503:
11407:
11401:
11389:Garry Shandling
11330:
11328:Jewish Buddhist
11324:
11250:
11202:Traditionally,
11181:Passover Seders
11126:
11120:
11111:Touro Synagogue
11104:
11090:
11088:
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11071:
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10993:
10991:
10986:
10984:
10974:
10970:
10847:
10833:
10587:
10528:Martin Meyerson
10501:Milton Friedman
10489:Hebrew language
10449:
10414:graduate degree
10376:
10366:
10324:
10310:
10153:
10102:
10015:North Macedonia
9987:Southern Europe
9881:
9857:sacred language
9795:Ashkenazic Jews
9786:
9638:
9605:
9569:Tiffany Haddish
9545:Ros Gold-Onwude
9537:Sammy Davis Jr.
9498:
9488:
9482:
9470:
9458:Jewish identity
9438:David Bernstein
9417:
9402:Indian American
9395:Asian Americans
9391:
9386:
9343:Jewish identity
9269:
9237:
9183:
9160:
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6534:
6532:
6508:
6506:
6482:
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6469:
6447:
6394:Greater Phoenix
6207:
6006:Number of Jews
5990:
5972:
5953:
5951:
5932:
5930:
5911:
5909:
5890:
5888:
5869:
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4967:
4965:
4946:
4944:
4925:
4923:
4904:
4902:
4879:
4749:
4743:
4678:worked through
4585:
4541:
4532:
4524:
4491:
4485:
4449:Merrick Garland
4409:Charles Schumer
4393:Benjamin Cardin
4344:David Cicilline
4317:David Cicilline
4295:of New Jersey,
4168:Michael Dukakis
4141:George McGovern
4130:Hubert Humphrey
4126:Barry Goldwater
4114:John F. Kennedy
4102:Adlai Stevenson
4091:Harry S. Truman
3805:Barry Goldwater
3717:Wendell Willkie
3655:Calvin Coolidge
3610:
3605:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3555:Hillary Clinton
3449:Michael Dukakis
3388:George McGovern
3372:Hubert Humphrey
3337:John F. Kennedy
3309:Adlai Stevenson
3164:
3159:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3138:
3132:
3124:ethnic identity
3088:Menorah Journal
3072:
3018:suburbanization
3001:Landsmanshaften
2919:Sephardi Jewish
2901:Lithuanian Jews
2831:Sephardi Jewish
2823:
2813:
2807:
2689:
2644:
2643:
2531:
2521:
2520:
2511:Judeo-Malayalam
2491:Judaeo-Georgian
2411:
2402:
2392:
2391:
2292:Yiddish theatre
2234:
2172:
2162:
2161:
2120:
2093:
2083:
2082:
2019:
1972:
1896:
1490:
1274:Genetic studies
1245:
1235:
1234:
1052:
1042:
1041:
1029:
1028:
948:
947:
940:
930:
925:
907:and Middle Ages
905:Rabbinic period
892:
886:
879:
867:
838:
824:
794:
787:
778:
770:
766:
757:
752:in Judaism
749:
734:
657:
647:
646:
526:
516:
515:
459:
447:
392:
322:
296:
149:
147:
145:
127:
125:
123:
22:
17:
12:
11:
5:
26653:
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26279:
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26253:
26252:
26251:
26250:
26245:
26240:
26235:
26230:
26225:
26220:
26215:
26210:
26203:Alaska Natives
26200:
26199:
26198:
26193:
26188:
26183:
26181:Tohono Oʼodham
26178:
26173:
26168:
26163:
26158:
26153:
26148:
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25809:
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25797:
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25708:
25703:
25698:
25693:
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25683:
25678:
25673:
25668:
25663:
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25657:
25656:
25646:
25641:
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25631:
25626:
25621:
25620:
25619:
25609:
25604:
25599:
25594:
25593:
25592:
25582:
25577:
25572:
25567:
25562:
25557:
25556:
25555:
25550:
25545:
25543:Manx Americans
25540:
25535:
25525:
25520:
25515:
25510:
25505:
25500:
25495:
25484:
25482:
25476:
25475:
25473:
25472:
25471:
25470:
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25459:
25458:
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25443:
25438:
25433:
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25421:
25416:
25411:
25406:
25401:
25396:
25391:
25386:
25381:
25376:
25371:
25366:
25359:Arab Americans
25350:
25349:
25348:
25347:
25336:
25335:
25334:
25333:
25328:
25326:Thai Americans
25323:
25318:
25313:
25308:
25303:
25298:
25293:
25288:
25283:
25282:
25281:
25269:Southeast Asia
25266:
25265:
25264:
25263:
25262:
25252:
25251:
25250:
25245:
25235:
25230:
25225:
25224:
25223:
25218:
25213:
25208:
25203:
25198:
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25183:
25178:
25177:
25176:
25161:
25160:
25159:
25154:
25149:
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25147:
25137:
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25135:
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24860:
24859:
24858:
24853:
24848:
24843:
24833:
24832:
24831:
24826:
24821:
24816:
24806:
24804:Igbo Americans
24801:
24799:Fula Americans
24796:
24795:
24794:
24789:
24784:
24779:
24764:
24763:
24762:
24757:
24752:
24751:
24750:
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24715:
24710:
24705:
24700:
24695:
24690:
24685:
24664:
24662:
24655:
24647:
24646:
24644:
24643:
24638:
24633:
24631:Scientologists
24628:
24623:
24618:
24613:
24608:
24607:
24606:
24604:Value Creators
24601:
24596:
24591:
24586:
24576:
24571:
24566:
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22521:(2): 198–215.
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22371:Neusner, Jacob
22367:
22362:Second Series.
22356:Neusner, Jacob
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20805:New York Times
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12576:Jewish culture
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12406:August Belmont
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11357:Allen Ginsberg
11326:Main article:
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10318:Ethiopian Jews
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10298:Mizrahi Jewish
10181:Middle Eastern
10170:Biblical times
10141:Edot HaMizrach
10115:יהודי המִזְרָח
10101:
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10076:, Costa Rica,
9890:Sephardic Jews
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7667:
7664:
7661:
7648:
7642:
7641:
7638:
7635:
7622:
7616:
7615:
7612:
7609:
7596:
7590:
7589:
7586:
7583:
7570:
7564:
7563:
7560:
7557:
7544:
7538:
7537:
7534:
7531:
7518:
7512:
7511:
7508:
7505:
7492:
7486:
7485:
7482:
7479:
7466:
7460:
7459:
7456:
7453:
7440:
7434:
7433:
7430:
7427:
7414:
7408:
7407:
7404:
7401:
7388:
7382:
7381:
7378:
7375:
7362:
7356:
7355:
7352:
7349:
7336:
7330:
7329:
7326:
7323:
7310:
7304:
7303:
7300:
7297:
7284:
7278:
7277:
7274:
7271:
7258:
7252:
7251:
7248:
7245:
7232:
7226:
7225:
7222:
7219:
7206:
7200:
7199:
7196:
7193:
7180:
7174:
7173:
7170:
7167:
7154:
7148:
7147:
7144:
7141:
7128:
7122:
7121:
7118:
7115:
7102:
7096:
7095:
7092:
7089:
7076:
7070:
7069:
7066:
7063:
7050:
7044:
7043:
7040:
7037:
7024:
7018:
7017:
7014:
7011:
6998:
6992:
6991:
6988:
6985:
6972:
6966:
6965:
6962:
6959:
6946:
6940:
6939:
6936:
6933:
6920:
6914:
6913:
6910:
6907:
6894:
6888:
6887:
6884:
6881:
6868:
6862:
6861:
6858:
6855:
6842:
6836:
6835:
6832:
6829:
6816:
6810:
6809:
6806:
6803:
6790:
6784:
6783:
6780:
6777:
6764:
6758:
6757:
6754:
6751:
6738:
6732:
6731:
6728:
6725:
6712:
6706:
6705:
6702:
6699:
6686:
6680:
6679:
6676:
6673:
6660:
6654:
6653:
6650:
6647:
6634:
6628:
6627:
6624:
6621:
6608:
6602:
6601:
6598:
6595:
6582:
6576:
6575:
6572:
6569:
6556:
6550:
6549:
6546:
6543:
6530:
6524:
6523:
6520:
6517:
6504:
6498:
6497:
6494:
6491:
6478:
6472:
6471:
6466:
6463:
6460:
6446:
6443:
6435:
6434:
6353:
6352:
6349:
6344:
6340:
6339:
6336:
6331:
6327:
6326:
6323:
6318:
6314:
6313:
6310:
6305:
6301:
6300:
6297:
6292:
6288:
6287:
6284:
6279:
6275:
6274:
6271:
6266:
6262:
6261:
6258:
6253:
6249:
6248:
6245:
6240:
6236:
6235:
6232:
6227:
6223:
6222:
6219:
6214:
6210:
6209:
6204:
6201:
6178:
6177:
6174:
6171:
6166:
6163:
6159:
6158:
6155:
6152:
6147:
6144:
6140:
6139:
6136:
6133:
6128:
6125:
6121:
6120:
6117:
6114:
6109:
6106:
6102:
6101:
6098:
6095:
6090:
6087:
6083:
6082:
6079:
6076:
6071:
6068:
6064:
6063:
6060:
6057:
6052:
6049:
6045:
6044:
6041:
6038:
6033:
6030:
6026:
6025:
6022:
6019:
6016:
6008:
6007:
6004:
6001:
5989:
5986:
5983:
5982:
5979:
5976:
5969:
5968:
5965:
5962:
5948:
5947:
5944:
5941:
5927:
5926:
5923:
5920:
5906:
5905:
5902:
5899:
5885:
5884:
5881:
5878:
5864:
5863:
5860:
5857:
5843:
5842:
5839:
5836:
5822:
5821:
5818:
5815:
5801:
5800:
5797:
5794:
5780:
5779:
5776:
5773:
5759:
5758:
5755:
5752:
5750:South Carolina
5738:
5737:
5734:
5731:
5717:
5716:
5713:
5710:
5696:
5695:
5692:
5689:
5675:
5674:
5671:
5668:
5654:
5653:
5650:
5647:
5633:
5632:
5629:
5626:
5612:
5611:
5608:
5605:
5603:North Carolina
5591:
5590:
5587:
5584:
5570:
5569:
5566:
5563:
5549:
5548:
5545:
5542:
5528:
5527:
5524:
5521:
5507:
5506:
5503:
5500:
5486:
5485:
5482:
5479:
5465:
5464:
5461:
5458:
5444:
5443:
5440:
5437:
5423:
5422:
5419:
5416:
5402:
5401:
5398:
5395:
5381:
5380:
5377:
5374:
5360:
5359:
5356:
5353:
5339:
5338:
5335:
5332:
5318:
5317:
5314:
5311:
5297:
5296:
5293:
5290:
5276:
5275:
5272:
5269:
5255:
5254:
5251:
5248:
5234:
5233:
5230:
5227:
5213:
5212:
5209:
5206:
5192:
5191:
5188:
5185:
5171:
5170:
5167:
5164:
5150:
5149:
5146:
5143:
5129:
5128:
5125:
5122:
5109:
5108:
5105:
5102:
5088:
5087:
5084:
5081:
5067:
5066:
5063:
5060:
5046:
5045:
5042:
5039:
5025:
5024:
5021:
5018:
5004:
5003:
5000:
4997:
4983:
4982:
4979:
4976:
4962:
4961:
4958:
4955:
4941:
4940:
4937:
4934:
4920:
4919:
4916:
4913:
4899:
4898:
4895:
4892:
4878:
4875:
4742:
4739:
4735:Consul General
4731:Colette Avital
4719:Abraham Foxman
4658:policies, the
4652:Menachem Begin
4646:following the
4623:United Nations
4607:Louis Brandeis
4596:Bernard Baruch
4584:
4581:
4540:
4537:
4484:
4481:
4442:Antony Blinken
4428:118th Congress
4417:Bernie Sanders
4381:Michael Bennet
4373:114th Congress
4333:Gabby Giffords
4329:Anthony Weiner
4299:of Wisconsin,
4289:111th Congress
4265:112th Congress
4238:Bernie Sanders
4211:George W. Bush
4170:by 64%, while
4164:Walter Mondale
4122:Lyndon Johnson
4080:Woodrow Wilson
4023:
4022:
4019:
4016:
4012:
4011:
4008:
4005:
3998:
3994:
3993:
3990:
3987:
3982:
3978:
3977:
3974:
3971:
3966:
3962:
3961:
3958:
3955:
3951:
3950:
3947:
3944:
3941:George W. Bush
3937:
3933:
3932:
3929:
3926:
3921:
3917:
3916:
3913:
3910:
3906:
3905:
3902:
3899:
3892:
3888:
3887:
3884:
3881:
3877:
3876:
3873:
3870:
3863:
3859:
3858:
3855:
3852:
3847:
3843:
3842:
3839:
3836:
3832:
3831:
3828:
3825:
3818:
3814:
3813:
3810:
3807:
3802:
3798:
3797:
3794:
3791:
3786:
3782:
3781:
3778:
3775:
3771:
3770:
3767:
3764:
3757:
3753:
3752:
3749:
3746:
3742:
3741:
3738:
3735:
3730:
3726:
3725:
3722:
3719:
3714:
3710:
3709:
3706:
3703:
3698:
3694:
3693:
3690:
3687:
3683:
3682:
3679:
3676:
3673:Herbert Hoover
3669:
3665:
3664:
3661:
3658:
3651:
3647:
3646:
3643:
3640:
3633:
3629:
3628:
3625:
3622:
3617:
3613:
3612:
3607:
3600:
3595:
3582:
3581:
3578:
3575:
3568:
3564:
3563:
3560:
3557:
3552:
3548:
3547:
3544:
3541:
3537:
3536:
3533:
3530:
3523:
3519:
3518:
3515:
3512:
3507:
3503:
3502:
3499:
3496:
3491:
3487:
3486:
3483:
3480:
3476:
3475:
3472:
3469:
3462:
3458:
3457:
3454:
3451:
3446:
3442:
3441:
3438:
3435:
3433:Walter Mondale
3430:
3426:
3425:
3422:
3419:
3415:
3414:
3411:
3408:
3401:
3397:
3396:
3393:
3390:
3385:
3381:
3380:
3377:
3374:
3369:
3365:
3364:
3361:
3358:
3351:
3347:
3346:
3343:
3340:
3333:
3329:
3328:
3325:
3322:
3318:
3317:
3314:
3311:
3306:
3302:
3301:
3298:
3295:
3288:
3284:
3283:
3280:
3277:
3273:
3272:
3269:
3266:
3262:
3261:
3258:
3255:
3251:
3250:
3247:
3244:
3237:
3233:
3232:
3229:
3226:
3221:
3217:
3216:
3213:
3210:
3205:
3201:
3200:
3197:
3194:
3189:
3185:
3184:
3181:
3178:
3175:Woodrow Wilson
3171:
3167:
3166:
3161:
3154:
3149:
3134:Main article:
3131:
3128:
3071:
3068:
3065:
3064:
3061:
3058:
3055:
3051:
3050:
3047:
3044:
3041:
3040:< $ 30,000
2941:Russian Empire
2839:Ashkenazi Jews
2809:Main article:
2806:
2803:
2691:
2690:
2688:
2687:
2680:
2673:
2665:
2662:
2661:
2660:
2659:
2654:
2646:
2645:
2640:
2639:
2638:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2589:
2588:
2582:
2581:
2580:
2579:
2574:
2572:Territorialism
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2541:
2540:
2532:
2527:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2519:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2456:Judaeo-Spanish
2453:
2451:Judaeo-Iranian
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2417:
2416:
2403:
2398:
2397:
2394:
2393:
2388:
2387:
2386:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2367:
2366:
2360:
2359:
2358:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2314:
2313:
2307:
2306:
2305:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2281:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2272:
2271:
2266:
2258:
2257:
2251:
2250:
2249:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2231:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2180:
2179:
2173:
2168:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2160:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2117:
2116:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2094:
2089:
2088:
2085:
2084:
2079:
2078:
2077:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2048:
2047:
2041:
2040:
2039:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1936:
1935:
1929:
1928:
1927:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1908:
1907:
1903:
1902:
1901:
1900:
1897:United Kingdom
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1745:
1744:
1738:
1737:
1736:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1537:
1536:
1532:
1531:
1530:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1330:Bilad-el-Sudan
1327:
1322:
1314:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1305:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1286:
1285:
1283:Land of Israel
1279:
1278:
1277:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1246:
1241:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1231:
1230:
1229:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1212:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1143:
1142:
1141:Related groups
1138:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1053:
1048:
1047:
1044:
1043:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
998:Jewish atheism
995:
990:
985:
977:
976:
972:
971:
970:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:Islamic–Jewish
944:
937:
922:
917:
909:
908:
901:
900:
899:
898:
874:
861:
833:
828:
821:
816:
814:Yehud Medinata
808:
807:
801:
800:
799:
798:
791:
784:
776:
763:
755:
743:
738:
731:
723:
722:
720:Ancient Israel
716:
715:
714:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
676:Land of Israel
673:
665:
664:
658:
653:
652:
649:
648:
643:
642:
641:
640:
635:
631:Shulchan Aruch
626:
621:
616:
611:
603:
602:
601:
600:
595:
587:
586:
580:
579:
578:
577:
572:
564:
563:
557:
556:
555:
554:
549:
544:
536:
535:
527:
522:
521:
518:
517:
514:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
456:
451:
444:
439:
434:
429:
424:
419:
409:
404:
397:God in Judaism
393:
388:
387:
384:
383:
382:
381:
376:
368:
367:
357:
356:
344:
343:
337:
336:
332:
331:
303:
302:
298:
297:
295:
294:
288:
283:
273:
263:
258:
253:
248:
243:
238:
233:
228:
223:
213:
208:
198:
188:
183:
177:
174:
173:
169:
168:
160:
142:
141:
138:
120:
119:
53:
52:
48:
47:
41:
40:
36:
35:
20:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
26652:
26641:
26638:
26636:
26633:
26631:
26630:American Jews
26628:
26626:
26623:
26622:
26620:
26601:
26598:
26596:
26593:
26590:
26586:
26583:
26582:
26581:
26578:
26576:
26573:
26571:
26568:
26566:
26563:
26561:
26558:
26557:
26554:
26548:
26545:
26543:
26540:
26538:
26535:
26533:
26530:
26528:
26525:
26523:
26520:
26518:
26515:
26513:
26510:
26508:
26505:
26504:
26502:
26500:
26496:
26490:
26487:
26485:
26482:
26480:
26477:
26475:
26472:
26470:
26467:
26465:
26462:
26460:
26457:
26455:
26452:
26450:
26447:
26445:
26442:
26440:
26437:
26435:
26432:
26431:
26429:
26427:South America
26425:
26417:
26414:
26412:
26409:
26408:
26406:
26402:
26399:
26397:
26394:
26392:
26389:
26387:
26384:
26382:
26379:
26377:
26374:
26372:
26369:
26367:
26364:
26362:
26359:
26358:
26357:
26354:
26353:
26351:
26349:
26345:
26335:
26332:
26330:
26327:
26326:
26325:
26322:
26320:
26317:
26315:
26312:
26310:
26307:
26303:
26300:
26298:
26295:
26293:
26290:
26288:
26285:
26283:
26280:
26278:
26275:
26273:
26270:
26269:
26267:
26266:
26265:
26262:
26261:
26258:
26255:
26254:
26249:
26246:
26244:
26241:
26239:
26236:
26234:
26231:
26229:
26226:
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25991:
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25846:
25844:
25841:
25839:
25836:
25834:
25831:
25830:
25829:
25826:
25825:
25823:
25821:North America
25819:
25813:
25810:
25808:
25805:
25801:
25798:
25796:
25793:
25789:
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25785:
25784:
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24783:
24780:
24778:
24775:
24774:
24773:
24770:
24769:
24768:
24765:
24761:
24760:Black Indians
24758:
24756:
24753:
24749:
24746:
24744:
24741:
24739:
24736:
24734:
24731:
24729:
24726:
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24666:
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24656:
24654:
24648:
24642:
24639:
24637:
24634:
24632:
24629:
24627:
24624:
24622:
24621:Non-religious
24619:
24617:
24614:
24612:
24609:
24605:
24602:
24600:
24597:
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24318:
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24309:
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24297:
24291:
24290:SawYouAtSinai
24288:
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24278:
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24268:
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24032:
24026:
24025:
24021:
24019:
24018:
24017:Vos Iz Neias?
24014:
24012:
24011:
24010:Yated Ne'eman
24007:
24005:
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24000:
23998:
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23825:
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23816:
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23808:
23804:
23801:
23797:
23787:
23786:Zeta Beta Tau
23784:
23782:
23779:
23777:
23776:Tau Delta Phi
23774:
23772:
23769:
23767:
23764:
23762:
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23709:
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23704:Organizations
23702:
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23682:
23678:
23675:
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23670:
23668:
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23657:Hebrew school
23655:
23653:
23650:
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23628:
23625:
23623:
23622:Tzivos Hashem
23620:
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23413:
23405:organizations
23401:
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23284:organizations
23280:
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23259:
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23251:organizations
23247:
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23020:
23016:
23012:
23006:
23002:
22997:
22995:
22994:online review
22992:
22991:1-58465-417-1
22988:
22984:
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22973:
22970:
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22962:
22958:
22954:
22950:
22947:
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22939:
22938:
22928:
22926:0-8143-1936-X
22922:
22918:
22917:
22912:
22908:
22904:
22898:
22894:
22893:
22887:
22884:
22880:
22879:Novick, Peter
22877:
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22836:
22835:1-59045-039-6
22832:
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22730:
22726:
22724:0-8135-2821-6
22720:
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22706:
22702:
22700:9780874518481
22696:
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22680:
22678:0-664-25348-2
22674:
22670:
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22660:
22656:
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22648:
22646:0-521-33290-7
22642:
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22547:9780231178266
22543:
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22497:0-231-12060-5
22493:
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22457:
22453:
22451:0-87441-286-2
22447:
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22430:
22428:9780815300823
22424:
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22406:9780815300786
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22384:9780815300762
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22297:0-87068-681-X
22294:
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22271:9780742521223
22267:
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22245:0-8074-0732-1
22241:
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22100:0-88738-218-5
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22019:
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21978:0-252-02293-9
21974:
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21702:
21700:0-8160-4986-6
21696:
21692:
21688:
21687:
21681:
21677:
21675:0-22605-727-5
21671:
21667:
21663:
21659:
21655:
21649:
21645:
21644:
21639:
21634:
21630:
21626:
21622:
21620:0-8078-2566-2
21616:
21612:
21611:
21605:
21604:
21595:
21591:
21588:
21584:
21581:
21578:
21574:
21571:
21567:
21564:
21560:
21557:
21553:
21552:
21550:
21537:
21536:
21531:
21528:
21524:
21520:
21518:0-8147-9261-8
21514:
21510:
21509:
21504:
21500:
21496:
21494:
21490:
21486:
21484:
21480:
21476:
21474:
21470:
21466:
21464:
21460:
21456:
21453:
21449:
21445:
21442:
21438:
21435:
21431:
21427:
21424:
21420:
21416:
21412:
21408:
21404:
21399:
21396:
21392:
21389:
21388:
21383:
21382:
21380:
21366:
21360:
21356:
21355:
21350:
21346:
21344:
21340:
21336:
21330:
21326:
21321:
21317:
21315:0-87855-454-8
21311:
21307:
21306:
21300:
21296:
21290:
21286:
21285:
21280:
21275:
21271:
21267:
21263:
21261:
21257:
21253:
21251:
21247:
21243:
21241:
21237:
21234:
21231:
21229:
21225:
21221:
21220:
21217:
21212:
21208:
21206:9780874518993
21202:
21198:
21194:
21189:
21187:
21183:
21179:
21176:
21173:
21169:
21166:
21165:
21162:General works
21147:
21143:
21139:
21133:
21117:
21113:
21109:
21103:
21087:
21083:
21077:
21061:
21057:
21053:
21046:
21044:
21027:
21023:
21019:
21012:
20996:
20992:
20985:
20974:September 23,
20969:
20965:
20959:
20951:
20945:
20934:September 23,
20929:
20923:
20916:
20913:Ron Chernow,
20910:
20903:
20897:
20890:
20884:
20877:
20873:
20869:
20865:
20861:
20860:Felix Rohatyn
20857:
20853:
20847:
20840:
20834:
20828:(1994) p. 661
20827:
20824:Ron Chernow,
20821:
20815:
20811:
20808:
20806:
20799:
20783:
20779:
20775:
20768:
20761:
20757:
20753:
20750:
20745:
20738:
20734:
20731:
20726:
20720:
20718:
20711:
20695:
20691:
20687:
20681:
20674:
20669:
20663:(2009) p. 510
20662:
20656:
20650:Sept 17. 1008
20649:
20643:
20636:
20630:
20623:
20617:
20610:
20604:
20597:
20591:
20584:
20578:
20571:
20565:
20558:
20552:
20545:
20543:
20538:
20533:
20517:
20513:
20509:
20503:
20496:
20490:
20474:
20470:
20466:
20460:
20451:
20435:
20431:
20425:
20417:
20413:
20406:
20390:
20386:
20385:
20378:
20371:
20367:
20364:
20358:
20351:
20345:
20338:
20334:
20331:
20327:
20321:
20313:
20309:
20305:
20301:
20297:
20293:
20290:(1): 79–104.
20289:
20285:
20278:
20271:
20265:
20258:
20252:
20245:
20239:
20231:
20227:
20226:
20221:
20215:
20207:
20205:9780253325006
20201:
20197:
20192:
20191:
20185:
20179:
20163:
20159:
20153:
20137:
20133:
20129:
20122:
20115:
20111:
20108:
20105:Kliger, Sam.
20102:
20094:
20088:
20072:
20068:
20062:
20046:
20042:
20038:
20032:
20016:
20012:
20008:
20002:
19986:
19982:
19978:
19972:
19956:
19952:
19948:
19941:
19925:
19921:
19917:
19911:
19895:
19891:
19885:
19866:
19862:
19855:
19849:
19833:
19829:
19825:
19819:
19803:
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19795:
19789:
19773:
19769:
19762:
19746:
19742:
19738:
19732:
19716:
19712:
19708:
19702:
19683:
19679:
19672:
19666:
19659:
19656:
19652:
19649:
19643:
19624:
19621:. Near East.
19617:
19611:
19595:
19591:
19587:
19580:
19564:
19560:
19556:
19549:
19534:
19530:
19523:
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19454:
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19376:
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19313:
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19294:
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19274:
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19260:
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19211:
19204:
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19197:
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19176:
19172:
19168:
19161:
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19137:
19130:
19114:
19110:
19104:
19088:
19084:
19080:
19073:
19057:
19053:
19047:
19043:
19042:
19041:Judaism Today
19037:
19033:
19027:
19025:
19018:
19015:
19011:
19008:
19003:
18987:
18983:
18979:
18973:
18957:
18953:
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18917:
18901:
18897:
18895:9780195051674
18891:
18887:
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18860:
18853:
18846:
18844:
18827:
18823:
18822:
18817:
18811:
18803:
18799:
18797:0-8135-2821-6
18793:
18789:
18788:
18783:
18777:
18761:
18757:
18751:
18747:
18746:
18741:
18735:
18718:
18714:
18712:0-664-25348-2
18708:
18704:
18703:
18698:
18694:
18690:
18684:
18682:
18665:
18661:
18657:
18651:
18649:
18647:
18630:
18626:
18620:
18609:September 17,
18604:
18600:
18596:
18590:
18588:
18571:
18567:
18563:
18557:
18541:
18537:
18535:9780520925014
18531:
18527:
18526:
18518:
18516:
18508:
18502:
18496:
18492:
18489:
18486:(1998) p. 58
18485:
18479:
18477:
18469:
18465:
18462:
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18452:
18436:
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18428:
18421:
18405:
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18324:
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18261:
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18247:
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18234:
18227:
18223:
18220:
18215:
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18190:
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18170:
18163:
18155:
18149:
18145:
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18109:
18107:
18087:
18080:
18073:
18057:
18053:
18047:
18031:
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18023:
18016:
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17986:
17975:
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17910:
17903:
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17881:
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17873:
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17863:
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17838:
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17813:
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17746:
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17683:9780295800653
17679:
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17650:
17646:
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17592:
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17584:
17578:
17571:
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17511:
17505:
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17481:
17475:
17459:
17455:
17454:
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17427:
17423:
17417:
17401:
17397:
17393:
17387:
17371:
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17363:
17356:
17349:
17345:
17342:
17341:
17334:
17327:
17323:
17320:
17319:
17312:
17304:
17300:
17299:Eric Hobsbawm
17294:
17278:
17274:
17272:9780815626701
17268:
17264:
17263:
17255:
17239:
17235:
17231:
17225:
17218:
17206:
17202:
17200:9780415605182
17196:
17192:
17188:
17187:
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17177:
17169:
17164:
17160:
17156:
17152:
17148:
17144:
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17103:
17099:
17091:
17088:
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17078:
17073:
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17058:
17052:
17048:
17044:
17038:
17036:
17028:
17024:
17020:
17018:9783030039066
17014:
17010:
17006:
17002:
16995:
16979:
16975:
16971:
16964:
16948:
16944:
16940:
16933:
16917:
16913:
16909:
16906:(5): 341–46.
16905:
16901:
16900:
16895:
16888:
16872:
16868:
16864:
16858:
16842:
16838:
16834:
16828:
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16808:
16804:
16798:
16783:
16779:
16778:
16771:
16755:
16751:
16750:
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16719:
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16706:
16690:
16686:
16682:
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16656:
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16637:
16621:
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16598:
16594:
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16578:
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16572:
16563:
16556:
16543:
16539:
16535:
16528:
16512:
16508:
16507:
16502:
16495:
16484:September 30,
16479:
16475:
16469:
16465:
16464:
16456:
16440:
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16310:
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16213:
16212:
16204:
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16165:
16161:
16154:
16145:
16140:
16139:
16130:
16122:
16118:
16115:
16110:
16099:September 30,
16094:
16090:
16084:
16080:
16079:
16071:
16055:
16051:
16045:
16038:
16033:
16031:9780804754033
16027:
16023:
16019:
16012:
16005:
15999:
15992:
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15722:
15716:
15709:
15705:
15701:
15697:
15693:
15686:
15670:
15666:
15662:
15655:
15644:September 10,
15639:
15635:
15631:
15624:
15616:
15612:
15606:
15590:
15586:
15582:
15576:
15557:
15553:
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15516:
15512:
15506:
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15427:
15412:
15405:
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15397:
15391:
15375:
15371:
15365:
15357:
15351:
15335:
15334:adherents.com
15331:
15325:
15323:
15321:
15319:
15302:
15298:
15294:
15288:
15272:
15268:
15266:9780813532066
15262:
15258:
15257:
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15230:
15226:
15219:
15212:
15196:
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14989:
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14956:
14951:
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14908:
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14887:
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14847:
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14823:
14816:
14809:
14807:
14790:
14784:
14780:
14776:
14775:
14770:
14763:
14761:
14754:
14753:0-8129-1060-5
14750:
14744:
14735:
14729:(2009) p. 515
14728:
14722:
14713:
14705:
14701:
14697:
14693:
14689:
14685:
14678:
14671:
14665:
14649:
14645:
14639:
14623:
14619:
14613:
14597:
14593:
14589:
14585:
14579:
14563:
14559:
14555:
14548:
14532:
14528:
14522:
14511:September 19,
14506:
14502:
14501:
14496:
14489:
14473:
14469:
14465:
14459:
14443:
14439:
14435:
14429:
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14313:
14309:
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14282:
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14241:
14234:
14230:
14226:
14223:
14218:
14202:
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14135:
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14021:
14004:
14000:
13996:
13989:
13987:
13970:
13966:
13960:
13958:
13956:
13954:
13952:
13950:
13948:
13946:
13937:
13933:
13929:
13925:
13921:
13917:
13913:
13909:
13902:
13894:
13887:
13879:
13877:9780395840092
13873:
13868:
13867:
13858:
13850:
13846:
13842:
13838:
13831:
13823:
13819:
13816:(1): 75–100.
13815:
13811:
13804:
13797:
13793:
13787:
13771:
13767:
13763:
13757:
13750:
13745:
13738:
13733:
13726:
13725:
13720:
13719:
13715:
13712:
13706:
13690:
13686:
13682:
13675:
13659:
13655:
13651:
13644:
13637:
13624:
13620:
13619:
13614:
13607:
13600:
13594:
13578:
13574:
13572:9780881257755
13568:
13564:
13563:
13554:
13538:
13534:
13530:
13524:
13515:
13512:, 1854–1900,
13511:
13510:
13506:
13503:
13500:
13497:
13496:Reminiscences
13493:
13492:
13491:
13477:
13476:
13471:
13467:
13464:(1901–1906).
13463:
13459:
13454:
13453:public domain
13443:
13427:
13423:
13419:
13415:
13409:
13393:
13389:
13385:
13378:
13371:
13370:
13366:
13363:
13356:
13340:
13336:
13332:
13325:
13309:
13305:
13301:
13295:
13287:
13281:
13277:
13276:
13271:
13270:Skolnik, Fred
13267:
13260:
13258:
13241:
13237:
13233:
13227:
13211:
13207:
13203:
13197:
13189:
13183:
13175:
13173:9783030787059
13169:
13165:
13158:
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13139:
13138:
13130:
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13120:
13115:
13109:
13105:
13101:
13097:
13096:
13091:
13084:
13068:
13064:
13063:
13062:The Economist
13058:
13052:
13045:
13030:
13026:
13019:
13012:
12997:
12993:
12986:
12984:
12982:
12977:
12964:
12960:
12956:
12952:
12948:
12939:: Səp̄āraddîm
12938:
12932:
12922:
12917:
12909:
12899:
12890:
12884:
12872:
12868:
12867:
12850:
12798:
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12589:
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12573:
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12539:
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12527:
12523:
12519:
12515:
12511:
12502:
12500:
12496:
12491:
12489:
12485:
12481:
12480:Carlyle Group
12477:
12473:
12469:
12465:
12461:
12457:
12454:
12450:
12446:
12442:
12437:
12435:
12434:Goldman Sachs
12431:
12427:
12423:
12419:
12418:Philip Lehman
12415:
12411:
12407:
12403:
12397:
12388:
12386:
12380:
12377:
12373:
12372:Rolling Stone
12369:
12365:
12360:
12358:
12354:
12349:
12347:
12343:
12339:
12334:
12332:
12327:
12325:
12320:
12316:
12312:
12308:
12307:Irving Berlin
12304:
12300:
12297:, including "
12296:
12295:Woody Guthrie
12292:
12287:
12278:
12276:
12272:
12268:
12264:
12260:
12256:
12251:
12249:
12245:
12241:
12237:
12233:
12229:
12225:
12221:
12220:U.S. military
12211:
12209:
12204:
12200:
12198:
12194:
12190:
12186:
12182:
12178:
12174:
12170:
12166:
12163:
12159:
12155:
12147:
12142:
12137:
12131:
12127:
12117:
12115:
12110:
12108:
12107:Aaron Copland
12104:
12103:
12102:Billy the Kid
12098:
12092:
12090:
12086:
12079:
12075:
12071:
12067:
12063:
12059:
12055:
12051:
12041:
12036:
12026:
12022:
12020:
12016:
12015:Modern Hebrew
12012:
12008:
12004:
12000:
11998:
11994:
11990:
11985:
11983:
11979:
11974:
11970:
11966:
11962:
11958:
11957:Bukharan Jews
11949:
11945:
11943:
11938:
11934:
11930:
11925:
11923:
11919:
11915:
11914:Judeo-Persian
11911:
11907:
11903:
11898:
11896:
11892:
11888:
11884:
11879:
11877:
11873:
11869:
11865:
11861:
11857:
11856:
11851:
11847:
11846:
11841:
11837:
11833:
11828:
11826:
11822:
11811:
11810:
11804:
11798:
11793:
11790:
11789:
11783:
11778:
11775:
11774:
11768:
11766:
11763:
11762:
11756:
11751:
11748:
11747:
11741:
11736:
11733:
11732:
11726:
11721:
11718:
11717:
11711:
11706:
11703:
11702:
11696:
11691:
11688:
11687:
11681:
11676:
11673:
11672:
11668:
11665:
11662:
11661:
11650:
11645:
11641:
11631:
11627:
11623:
11619:
11616:
11614:
11605:
11604:Orthodox Jews
11601:
11597:
11593:
11588:
11583:
11581:
11570:
11567:
11562:
11560:
11552:
11551:
11543:
11542:
11537:
11533:
11529:
11528:Orthodox Jews
11525:
11520:
11516:
11512:
11508:
11498:
11496:
11491:
11489:
11488:anti-Semitism
11485:
11481:
11477:
11472:
11470:
11466:
11462:
11458:
11454:
11446:
11442:
11441:Florence Kahn
11438:
11434:
11430:
11428:
11427:voter turnout
11424:
11423:Mitchell Bard
11419:
11411:
11406:
11396:
11394:
11393:Coen Brothers
11390:
11386:
11382:
11378:
11377:Steven Seagal
11374:
11371:and daughter
11370:
11366:
11362:
11358:
11355:
11350:
11346:
11342:
11338:
11334:
11329:
11319:
11317:
11313:
11309:
11304:
11302:
11298:
11294:
11290:
11285:
11283:
11279:
11275:
11271:
11267:
11263:
11259:
11255:
11245:
11243:
11239:
11234:
11232:
11228:
11223:
11221:
11217:
11213:
11209:
11205:
11200:
11198:
11193:
11188:
11186:
11182:
11174:
11169:
11165:
11163:
11155:
11154:
11149:
11145:
11143:
11139:
11135:
11131:
11125:
11112:
11108:
11086:
11079:
11076:
11074:
11070:
11066:
11063:
11060:
11059:
11049:
11040:
11037:
11035:
11031:
11027:
11023:
11020:
11017:
11016:
11012:
11009:
11006:
11004:
11001:
10998:
10997:
10989:
10982:
10979:
10977:
10973:
10969:
10966:
10963:
10962:
10958:
10955:
10952:
10950:
10947:
10944:
10943:
10939:
10936:
10933:
10931:
10928:
10925:
10924:
10920:
10917:
10914:
10912:
10909:
10906:
10905:
10901:
10898:
10895:
10893:
10890:
10887:
10886:
10882:
10876:
10873:
10869:
10866:
10863:
10857:
10854:
10851:
10845:
10843:
10840:
10837:
10831:
10828:
10826:
10825:
10821:
10820:
10816:
10815:
10811:
10810:
10806:
10803:
10800:
10799:
10795:
10792:
10789:
10787:
10784:
10781:
10780:
10777:
10774:
10770:
10768:
10765:
10761:
10758:
10756:
10755:
10751:
10750:
10746:
10743:
10740:
10739:
10736:
10732:
10730:
10726:
10723:
10721:
10720:
10716:
10713:
10710:
10709:
10705:
10702:
10699:
10697:
10694:
10691:
10690:
10686:
10683:
10680:
10678:
10675:
10672:
10671:
10667:
10664:
10661:
10659:
10656:
10653:
10652:
10648:
10645:
10642:
10640:
10637:
10634:
10633:
10629:
10626:
10623:
10621:
10618:
10615:
10614:
10610:
10607:
10604:
10601:
10597:
10594:
10591:
10590:
10582:
10580:
10576:
10572:
10568:
10564:
10560:
10556:
10552:
10547:
10545:
10541:
10537:
10533:
10529:
10525:
10522:According to
10520:
10518:
10514:
10510:
10506:
10502:
10497:
10496:quota systems
10492:
10490:
10486:
10481:
10479:
10475:
10470:
10468:
10463:
10457:
10455:
10446:
10444:
10443:Open Orthodox
10440:
10436:
10431:
10425:
10423:
10419:
10415:
10410:
10408:
10404:
10400:
10396:
10392:
10388:
10383:
10380:
10375:
10371:
10361:
10359:
10355:
10351:
10347:
10343:
10339:
10335:
10331:
10330:
10323:
10319:
10315:
10305:
10303:
10299:
10294:
10292:
10288:
10284:
10280:
10276:
10272:
10268:
10264:
10263:Bukharan Jews
10260:
10256:
10252:
10251:Mountain Jews
10248:
10244:
10240:
10236:
10234:
10233:Moroccan Jews
10230:
10226:
10222:
10218:
10214:
10213:Maghrebi Jews
10210:
10206:
10202:
10198:
10194:
10190:
10186:
10182:
10178:
10173:
10171:
10167:
10163:
10159:
10158:Oriental Jews
10142:
10132:
10122:
10121:
10112:
10108:
10107:
10097:
10095:
10091:
10087:
10083:
10079:
10075:
10071:
10070:New York City
10067:
10063:
10058:
10056:
10052:
10048:
10044:
10040:
10036:
10032:
10028:
10024:
10020:
10016:
10012:
10008:
10004:
10000:
9996:
9992:
9988:
9984:
9983:South-Eastern
9980:
9976:
9972:
9968:
9964:
9960:
9956:
9952:
9947:
9945:
9941:
9937:
9933:
9929:
9925:
9921:
9917:
9913:
9909:
9905:
9901:
9900:Hispanic Jews
9897:
9896:
9891:
9887:
9886:
9885:Sephardi Jews
9876:
9874:
9870:
9866:
9862:
9858:
9854:
9850:
9846:
9842:
9838:
9834:
9830:
9826:
9822:
9818:
9814:
9811:
9807:
9804:
9800:
9796:
9792:
9791:
9776:
9773:
9770:
9769:
9765:
9762:
9760:
9756:
9753:0.002–0.002%
9752:
9749:
9747:
9743:
9740:0.002–0.002%
9739:
9736:
9734:
9730:
9727:0.003–0.012%
9726:
9723:
9721:
9717:
9714:0.014–0.017%
9713:
9710:
9708:
9704:
9701:0.058–0.058%
9700:
9697:
9695:
9691:
9688:0.072–0.072%
9687:
9684:
9682:
9678:
9675:0.087–0.087%
9674:
9671:
9669:
9665:
9661:
9658:
9656:
9652:
9648:
9645:
9642:
9641:
9633:
9629:
9627:
9623:
9622:Judeo-Spanish
9619:
9615:
9611:
9600:
9598:
9594:
9590:
9586:
9580:
9578:
9577:Alysa Stanton
9574:
9573:Capers Funnye
9571:, and rabbis
9570:
9566:
9562:
9558:
9554:
9553:Jordan Farmar
9550:
9546:
9542:
9541:Rashida Jones
9538:
9534:
9530:
9529:Lenny Kravitz
9526:
9521:
9519:
9515:
9511:
9507:
9503:
9497:
9493:
9487:
9477:
9475:
9465:
9463:
9459:
9455:
9450:
9448:
9444:
9439:
9435:
9434:Jews of color
9431:
9427:
9423:
9412:
9410:
9406:
9403:
9398:
9396:
9381:
9379:
9375:
9371:
9367:
9363:
9360:In 2013, the
9358:
9356:
9352:
9348:
9344:
9340:
9336:
9332:
9328:
9324:
9320:
9316:
9312:
9308:
9304:
9300:
9296:
9292:
9288:
9284:
9277:
9273:
9264:
9262:
9258:
9254:
9250:
9245:
9243:
9235:
9231:
9227:
9226:Orthodox Jews
9222:
9220:
9216:
9210:
9207:
9203:
9202:intermarriage
9198:
9196:
9192:
9188:
9173:
9170:
9168:
9157:
9155:
9152:
9151:
9147:
9144:
9142:
9131:
9129:
9126:
9125:
9121:
9118:
9116:
9115:Massachusetts
9105:
9103:
9100:
9099:
9095:
9092:
9090:
9089:Massachusetts
9079:
9077:
9074:
9073:
9069:
9066:
9064:
9053:
9051:
9048:
9047:
9043:
9040:
9038:
9027:
9025:
9022:
9021:
9017:
9014:
9012:
9001:
8999:
8996:
8995:
8991:
8988:
8986:
8975:
8973:
8970:
8969:
8965:
8962:
8960:
8949:
8947:
8944:
8943:
8939:
8936:
8934:
8923:
8921:
8918:
8917:
8913:
8910:
8908:
8897:
8895:
8892:
8891:
8887:
8884:
8882:
8871:
8869:
8866:
8865:
8861:
8858:
8856:
8845:
8843:
8840:
8839:
8835:
8832:
8830:
8819:
8817:
8814:
8813:
8809:
8806:
8804:
8793:
8791:
8788:
8787:
8783:
8780:
8778:
8767:
8765:
8762:
8761:
8757:
8754:
8752:
8741:
8739:
8736:
8735:
8731:
8728:
8726:
8715:
8713:
8710:
8709:
8705:
8702:
8700:
8689:
8687:
8684:
8683:
8679:
8676:
8674:
8663:
8661:
8658:
8657:
8653:
8650:
8648:
8637:
8635:
8632:
8631:
8627:
8624:
8622:
8611:
8609:
8606:
8605:
8601:
8598:
8596:
8585:
8583:
8580:
8579:
8575:
8572:
8570:
8569:Massachusetts
8559:
8557:
8554:
8553:
8549:
8546:
8544:
8533:
8531:
8528:
8527:
8523:
8520:
8518:
8507:
8505:
8502:
8501:
8497:
8494:
8492:
8481:
8479:
8476:
8475:
8471:
8468:
8466:
8455:
8453:
8450:
8449:
8445:
8442:
8440:
8429:
8427:
8424:
8423:
8419:
8416:
8414:
8403:
8401:
8398:
8397:
8393:
8390:
8388:
8387:Massachusetts
8377:
8375:
8372:
8371:
8367:
8364:
8362:
8351:
8349:
8346:
8345:
8341:
8338:
8336:
8325:
8323:
8320:
8319:
8315:
8312:
8310:
8299:
8297:
8294:
8293:
8289:
8286:
8284:
8273:
8271:
8268:
8267:
8263:
8260:
8258:
8247:
8245:
8242:
8241:
8237:
8234:
8232:
8221:
8219:
8216:
8215:
8211:
8208:
8206:
8195:
8193:
8190:
8189:
8185:
8182:
8180:
8179:Massachusetts
8169:
8167:
8164:
8163:
8159:
8156:
8154:
8143:
8141:
8138:
8137:
8133:
8130:
8128:
8117:
8115:
8112:
8111:
8107:
8104:
8102:
8091:
8089:
8086:
8085:
8081:
8078:
8076:
8065:
8063:
8060:
8059:
8055:
8052:
8050:
8039:
8037:
8034:
8033:
8029:
8026:
8024:
8013:
8011:
8008:
8007:
8003:
8000:
7998:
7987:
7985:
7982:
7981:
7977:
7974:
7972:
7961:
7959:
7956:
7955:
7951:
7948:
7946:
7935:
7933:
7930:
7929:
7925:
7922:
7920:
7909:
7907:
7904:
7903:
7899:
7896:
7894:
7883:
7881:
7878:
7877:
7873:
7870:
7868:
7857:
7855:
7852:
7851:
7847:
7844:
7842:
7831:
7829:
7826:
7825:
7821:
7818:
7816:
7805:
7803:
7800:
7799:
7795:
7792:
7790:
7779:
7777:
7774:
7773:
7769:
7766:
7764:
7753:
7751:
7748:
7747:
7743:
7740:
7738:
7727:
7725:
7722:
7721:
7717:
7714:
7712:
7701:
7699:
7696:
7695:
7691:
7688:
7686:
7675:
7673:
7670:
7669:
7665:
7662:
7660:
7649:
7647:
7644:
7643:
7639:
7636:
7634:
7633:Massachusetts
7623:
7621:
7618:
7617:
7613:
7610:
7608:
7597:
7595:
7592:
7591:
7587:
7584:
7582:
7571:
7569:
7566:
7565:
7561:
7558:
7556:
7545:
7543:
7540:
7539:
7535:
7532:
7530:
7519:
7517:
7514:
7513:
7509:
7506:
7504:
7493:
7491:
7488:
7487:
7483:
7480:
7478:
7467:
7465:
7462:
7461:
7457:
7454:
7452:
7441:
7439:
7436:
7435:
7431:
7428:
7426:
7415:
7413:
7410:
7409:
7405:
7402:
7400:
7389:
7387:
7384:
7383:
7379:
7376:
7374:
7363:
7361:
7358:
7357:
7353:
7350:
7348:
7337:
7335:
7332:
7331:
7327:
7324:
7322:
7311:
7309:
7306:
7305:
7301:
7298:
7296:
7285:
7283:
7280:
7279:
7275:
7272:
7270:
7259:
7257:
7254:
7253:
7249:
7246:
7244:
7233:
7231:
7228:
7227:
7223:
7220:
7218:
7207:
7205:
7202:
7201:
7197:
7194:
7192:
7181:
7179:
7176:
7175:
7171:
7168:
7166:
7155:
7153:
7150:
7149:
7145:
7142:
7140:
7129:
7127:
7124:
7123:
7119:
7116:
7114:
7103:
7101:
7098:
7097:
7093:
7090:
7088:
7077:
7075:
7072:
7071:
7067:
7064:
7062:
7051:
7049:
7046:
7045:
7041:
7038:
7036:
7025:
7023:
7020:
7019:
7015:
7012:
7010:
6999:
6997:
6994:
6993:
6989:
6986:
6984:
6983:Massachusetts
6973:
6971:
6968:
6967:
6963:
6960:
6958:
6947:
6945:
6942:
6941:
6937:
6934:
6932:
6921:
6919:
6918:San Francisco
6916:
6915:
6911:
6908:
6906:
6895:
6893:
6890:
6889:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6869:
6867:
6864:
6863:
6859:
6856:
6854:
6843:
6841:
6838:
6837:
6833:
6830:
6828:
6827:Massachusetts
6817:
6815:
6812:
6811:
6807:
6804:
6802:
6791:
6789:
6786:
6785:
6781:
6778:
6776:
6765:
6763:
6760:
6759:
6755:
6752:
6750:
6739:
6737:
6734:
6733:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6713:
6711:
6708:
6707:
6703:
6700:
6698:
6687:
6685:
6682:
6681:
6677:
6674:
6672:
6661:
6659:
6656:
6655:
6651:
6648:
6646:
6635:
6633:
6630:
6629:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6609:
6607:
6604:
6603:
6599:
6596:
6594:
6583:
6581:
6578:
6577:
6573:
6570:
6568:
6557:
6555:
6552:
6551:
6547:
6544:
6542:
6531:
6529:
6526:
6525:
6521:
6518:
6516:
6505:
6503:
6500:
6499:
6495:
6492:
6490:
6479:
6477:
6474:
6473:
6467:
6464:
6461:
6458:
6457:
6454:
6452:
6442:
6440:
6432:
6428:
6424:
6423:
6422:
6420:
6416:
6415:
6409:
6407:
6403:
6399:
6395:
6391:
6387:
6386:San Francisco
6383:
6379:
6375:
6372:
6368:
6364:
6360:
6348:
6345:
6341:
6335:
6332:
6328:
6322:
6319:
6315:
6309:
6306:
6302:
6296:
6293:
6289:
6283:
6280:
6276:
6270:
6267:
6263:
6257:
6256:Massachusetts
6254:
6250:
6244:
6241:
6237:
6231:
6228:
6224:
6218:
6215:
6211:
6205:
6202:
6199:
6198:
6189:
6184:
6170:
6167:
6160:
6151:
6148:
6141:
6132:
6129:
6122:
6113:
6110:
6103:
6094:
6091:
6084:
6075:
6072:
6065:
6056:
6053:
6046:
6037:
6036:New York City
6034:
6027:
6023:
6020:
6017:
6014:
6010:
6009:
5998:
5995:
5980:
5977:
5971:
5970:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5950:
5949:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5929:
5928:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5918:West Virginia
5908:
5907:
5903:
5900:
5898:
5887:
5886:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5866:
5865:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5845:
5844:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5824:
5823:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5803:
5802:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5782:
5781:
5777:
5774:
5772:
5761:
5760:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5740:
5739:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5719:
5718:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5698:
5697:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5677:
5676:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5656:
5655:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5635:
5634:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5614:
5613:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5593:
5592:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5572:
5571:
5567:
5564:
5562:
5551:
5550:
5546:
5543:
5541:
5530:
5529:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5519:New Hampshire
5509:
5508:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5488:
5487:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5467:
5466:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5446:
5445:
5441:
5438:
5436:
5425:
5424:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5404:
5403:
5399:
5396:
5394:
5383:
5382:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5362:
5361:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5351:Massachusetts
5341:
5340:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5320:
5319:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5299:
5298:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5278:
5277:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5257:
5256:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5236:
5235:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5215:
5214:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5194:
5193:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5173:
5172:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5152:
5151:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5131:
5130:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5110:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5090:
5089:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5069:
5068:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5048:
5047:
5043:
5040:
5038:
5027:
5026:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5006:
5005:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4985:
4984:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4964:
4963:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4943:
4942:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4922:
4921:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4901:
4900:
4896:
4893:
4890:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4874:
4872:
4868:
4867:San Francisco
4864:
4860:
4856:
4855:South Florida
4852:
4851:New York City
4847:
4845:
4841:
4837:
4833:
4829:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4818:Jews of color
4815:
4810:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4793:
4789:
4784:
4782:
4781:Jewish Agency
4778:
4774:
4770:
4766:
4762:
4753:
4748:
4738:
4736:
4732:
4728:
4724:
4720:
4716:
4712:
4711:Yitzhak Rabin
4708:
4704:
4700:
4696:
4691:
4689:
4685:
4681:
4677:
4673:
4669:
4665:
4661:
4657:
4653:
4649:
4643:
4640:
4636:
4632:
4628:
4624:
4620:
4616:
4612:
4608:
4604:
4597:
4593:
4589:
4580:
4578:
4574:
4569:
4568:The Holocaust
4565:
4563:
4562:The Holocaust
4559:
4555:
4551:
4546:
4539:The Holocaust
4536:
4530:
4522:
4518:
4514:
4513:Joachim Prinz
4510:
4508:
4504:
4500:
4496:
4490:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4471:
4468:
4464:
4461:
4457:
4454:
4450:
4447:
4443:
4440:
4436:
4431:
4429:
4424:
4422:
4418:
4414:
4410:
4406:
4402:
4398:
4394:
4390:
4386:
4382:
4378:
4377:U.S. Senators
4374:
4369:
4367:
4363:
4358:
4356:
4352:
4347:
4345:
4341:
4336:
4334:
4330:
4326:
4322:
4318:
4314:
4310:
4306:
4302:
4298:
4294:
4290:
4286:
4282:
4281:David Kustoff
4278:
4274:
4270:
4266:
4261:
4259:
4252:
4248:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4235:
4230:
4227:
4223:
4219:
4214:
4212:
4208:
4204:
4200:
4196:
4195:Joe Lieberman
4192:
4187:
4185:
4181:
4177:
4173:
4169:
4165:
4160:
4158:
4157:John Anderson
4154:
4153:Ronald Reagan
4150:
4146:
4142:
4137:
4135:
4134:Richard Nixon
4131:
4127:
4123:
4119:
4118:Richard Nixon
4115:
4111:
4107:
4103:
4098:
4096:
4092:
4088:
4083:
4081:
4076:
4074:
4070:
4066:
4062:
4058:
4054:
4049:
4047:
4043:
4039:
4035:
4031:
4020:
4014:
4013:
4009:
4004:
4003:
3996:
3995:
3991:
3986:
3983:
3980:
3979:
3975:
3970:
3967:
3964:
3963:
3959:
3953:
3952:
3948:
3943:
3942:
3935:
3934:
3930:
3925:
3922:
3919:
3918:
3914:
3908:
3907:
3903:
3898:
3897:
3890:
3889:
3885:
3879:
3878:
3874:
3869:
3868:
3867:Ronald Reagan
3861:
3860:
3856:
3851:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3840:
3834:
3833:
3829:
3824:
3823:
3822:Richard Nixon
3816:
3815:
3811:
3806:
3803:
3800:
3799:
3795:
3790:
3789:Richard Nixon
3787:
3784:
3783:
3779:
3773:
3772:
3768:
3763:
3762:
3755:
3754:
3750:
3744:
3743:
3739:
3734:
3728:
3727:
3723:
3718:
3715:
3712:
3711:
3707:
3702:
3699:
3696:
3695:
3691:
3685:
3684:
3680:
3675:
3674:
3667:
3666:
3662:
3657:
3656:
3652:
3649:
3648:
3644:
3639:
3638:
3634:
3631:
3630:
3626:
3621:
3618:
3615:
3614:
3609:Result of the
3608:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3590:
3579:
3574:
3573:
3569:
3566:
3565:
3561:
3556:
3553:
3550:
3549:
3545:
3539:
3538:
3534:
3529:
3528:
3521:
3520:
3516:
3511:
3508:
3505:
3504:
3500:
3495:
3492:
3489:
3488:
3484:
3478:
3477:
3473:
3468:
3467:
3460:
3459:
3455:
3450:
3447:
3444:
3443:
3439:
3434:
3431:
3428:
3427:
3423:
3417:
3416:
3412:
3407:
3406:
3399:
3398:
3394:
3389:
3386:
3383:
3382:
3378:
3373:
3370:
3367:
3366:
3362:
3357:
3356:
3352:
3349:
3348:
3344:
3339:
3338:
3334:
3331:
3330:
3326:
3320:
3319:
3315:
3310:
3304:
3303:
3299:
3294:
3293:
3289:
3286:
3285:
3281:
3275:
3274:
3270:
3264:
3263:
3259:
3253:
3252:
3248:
3243:
3242:
3235:
3234:
3230:
3225:
3222:
3219:
3218:
3214:
3209:
3208:John W. Davis
3206:
3203:
3202:
3198:
3193:
3190:
3187:
3186:
3182:
3177:
3176:
3172:
3169:
3168:
3163:Result of the
3162:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3144:
3137:
3127:
3125:
3121:
3117:
3116:the Holocaust
3112:
3109:
3105:
3100:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3077:
3070:Self-identity
3062:
3059:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3048:
3045:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3032:
3030:
3025:
3023:
3022:intermarriage
3019:
3015:
3011:
3007:
3003:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2978:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2930:
2926:
2922:
2920:
2916:
2915:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2893:
2888:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2875:High Holidays
2871:
2867:
2861:
2859:
2858:Chaim Salomon
2855:
2851:
2846:
2844:
2840:
2836:
2832:
2828:
2822:
2818:
2812:
2802:
2800:
2799:Law of Return
2796:
2792:
2788:
2784:
2779:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2752:Sephardi Jews
2748:
2744:
2739:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2717:
2713:
2710:, whether by
2709:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2696:American Jews
2686:
2681:
2679:
2674:
2672:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2663:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2649:
2648:
2647:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2592:
2591:
2590:
2587:
2584:
2583:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2543:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2524:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2496:Judeo-Aramaic
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2486:Judeo-Italian
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2466:Ghardaïa Sign
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2414:
2410:
2409:
2408:
2405:
2404:
2401:
2396:
2395:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2370:
2369:
2368:
2365:
2362:
2361:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2317:
2316:
2315:
2312:
2309:
2308:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2284:
2283:
2282:
2279:
2276:
2275:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2261:
2260:
2259:
2256:
2253:
2252:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2232:
2229:
2228:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2209:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2182:
2181:
2177:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2165:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2118:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2100:
2099:
2096:
2095:
2092:
2091:Denominations
2087:
2086:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2050:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1939:
1938:
1937:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1919:United States
1917:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1910:
1909:
1905:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1540:
1539:
1538:
1534:
1533:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1405:Guinea-Bissau
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1288:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1259:Lists of Jews
1257:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1250:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1238:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1145:
1144:
1140:
1139:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1045:
1034:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1018:The Holocaust
1016:
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379:Who is a Jew?
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33:
28:
25:American Jews
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25450:
25042:Central Asia
24641:Zoroastrians
24573:
24489:Social class
24328:
24306:Siyum HaShas
24242:
24220:
24213:
24204:AskMoses.com
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23960:Jewish Voice
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23827:News outlets
23741:Fraternities
23636:Young Judaea
23572:Unaffiliated
23547:Conservative
23537:
23532:by US states
23530:
23460:Young Israel
23122:B'nai B'rith
23107:
23064:
23000:
22982:
22975:
22971:(Ktav 1981).
22968:
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22757:Other topics
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22514:Nova Religio
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22017:
21991:
21987:
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21832:. (2nd ed.).
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21222:Faber, Eli.
21215:
21196:
21181:
21178:Diner, Hasia
21171:
21168:Diner, Hasia
21157:Bibliography
21146:the original
21141:
21132:
21120:. Retrieved
21112:Mother Jones
21111:
21102:
21092:September 9,
21090:. Retrieved
21076:
21064:. Retrieved
21055:
21030:. Retrieved
21021:
21011:
20999:. Retrieved
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20958:
20932:. Retrieved
20922:
20917:(1994) p. 26
20915:The Warburgs
20914:
20909:
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20896:
20888:
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20875:
20846:
20838:
20833:
20826:The Warburgs
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20798:
20788:September 3,
20786:. Retrieved
20777:
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20719:May 19, 2008
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20710:
20700:December 12,
20698:. Retrieved
20689:
20680:
20675:May 14, 2011
20668:
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20655:
20647:
20642:
20634:
20629:
20624:(2009) p. 72
20621:
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20611:(2009) p. 71
20608:
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20220:Gabler, Neal
20214:
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19951:The Atlantic
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19085:. Aish.com.
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18821:Pew Research
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18026:The Guardian
18025:
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17974:the original
17969:
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17947:February 15,
17945:. Retrieved
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17841:Pew Research
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17098:Genesis 10:3
17076:
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15820:Boston Globe
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15537:Gold, Steven
15531:
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15191:leichtag.org
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14738:Staub (2004)
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14138:. Retrieved
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14098:
14093:(2004), ch 5
14090:
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13532:
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13494:I. M. Wise,
13489:
13480:. Retrieved
13473:
13458:Adler, Cyrus
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13146:, retrieved
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13119:nationality.
13117:
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13036:. Retrieved
13024:
13011:
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12995:
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12788:
12686:Manischewitz
12654:gefilte fish
12643:
12628:
12612:corporations
12609:
12588:Noam Chomsky
12565:
12542:Janet Yellen
12538:Ben Bernanke
12526:Eugene Meyer
12514:central bank
12510:Paul Warburg
12508:
12492:
12453:GLG Partners
12438:
12410:Jacob Schiff
12398:
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12368:Irwin Silber
12363:
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12350:
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12311:Jewish songs
12288:
12284:
12271:Nazi Germany
12257:, including
12253:Many Jewish
12252:
12224:World War II
12217:
12214:World War II
12205:
12201:
12173:Rahm Emanuel
12151:
12111:
12100:
12093:
12081:
12038:
12023:
12009:(Bible) and
12001:
11986:
11973:Forest Hills
11971:, New York.
11964:
11954:
11929:Soviet Union
11926:
11899:
11883:Mizrahi Jews
11880:
11867:
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11859:
11853:
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11832:Hasidic Jews
11829:
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11600:Conservative
11584:
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11476:Donald Trump
11473:
11457:Barack Obama
11450:
11431:
11420:
11416:
11348:
11347:. Nicknamed
11331:
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11286:
11251:
11235:
11224:
11208:Mizrahi Jews
11201:
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11183:or lighting
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11130:Conservative
11127:
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10559:Judith Rodin
10548:
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10467:Secular Jews
10458:
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10287:Soviet Union
10247:Central Asia
10238:
10237:
10209:Iranian Jews
10176:
10174:
10166:North Africa
10157:
10140:
10130:
10119:
10118:
10106:Mizrahi Jews
10104:
10103:
10059:
10021:, including
10019:Western Asia
9989:, including
9959:North Africa
9948:
9928:North Africa
9924:Western Asia
9899:
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9583:the ancient
9581:
9565:Alicia Garza
9561:Daveed Diggs
9549:Yaphet Kotto
9522:
9499:
9474:Mizrahi Jews
9471:
9451:
9418:
9399:
9392:
9365:
9359:
9299:North Africa
9280:
9246:
9223:
9214:
9211:
9199:
9191:assimilation
9184:
8504:Contra Costa
8361:Pennsylvania
8127:Pennsylvania
7919:Pennsylvania
7763:Pennsylvania
7750:Philadelphia
7282:Falls Church
7165:Pennsylvania
6957:Pennsylvania
6448:
6436:
6412:
6410:
6390:Philadelphia
6356:
6347:Pennsylvania
6093:Philadelphia
5993:
5771:South Dakota
5729:Rhode Island
5708:Pennsylvania
5624:North Dakota
4880:
4848:
4836:Conservative
4825:
4822:
4799:
4797:
4785:
4758:
4741:Demographics
4727:Morton Klein
4715:Shimon Peres
4692:
4668:Oslo Accords
4644:
4615:Nazi Germany
4601:
4566:
4545:World War II
4542:
4511:
4495:civil rights
4492:
4477:Janet Yellen
4456:Avril Haines
4432:
4425:
4389:Brian Schatz
4370:
4359:
4348:
4337:
4309:Rahm Emanuel
4301:Alan Grayson
4277:John Yarmuth
4262:
4255:
4242:
4231:
4222:Barack Obama
4215:
4188:
4176:Bill Clinton
4161:
4145:Jimmy Carter
4138:
4099:
4084:
4077:
4053:conservative
4050:
4026:
4002:Donald Trump
4000:
3939:
3894:
3865:
3820:
3759:
3733:Thomas Dewey
3671:
3653:
3635:
3570:
3527:Barack Obama
3525:
3466:Bill Clinton
3464:
3405:Jimmy Carter
3403:
3353:
3335:
3292:Harry Truman
3290:
3239:
3192:James M. Cox
3173:
3113:
3101:
3086:
3080:
3073:
3026:
3014:World War II
3006:assimilation
2999:
2993:
2934:
2912:
2905:Manischewitz
2890:
2862:
2854:the colonies
2847:
2824:
2786:
2780:
2756:Mizrahi Jews
2740:
2724:Pew Research
2699:
2695:
2694:
2635:Post-Zionism
2506:Judeo-Berber
2501:Judeo-Arabic
2461:Judeo-Gascon
2208:Pidyon haben
2127:Conservative
1673:Saudi Arabia
1491:South Africa
1480:Sierra Leone
1302:Israeli Jews
1216:Mosaic Arabs
1169:Kaifeng Jews
1030:Arab–Israeli
1003:Emancipation
882:Great Revolt
691:Anti-Judaism
686:Antisemitism
681:Name "Judea"
476:Baal teshuva
321:, 6% others)
315:Conservative
280:Judeo-Berber
270:Judeo-Arabic
109:Atlanta Area
102:Philadelphia
44:
21:Ethnic group
18:
26580:2010 census
26499:Multiethnic
25788:Californios
25654:before 1880
24557:Protestants
24519:By religion
24432:Immigration
24388:By economic
23899:The Forward
23877:Di Tzeitung
23496:AJU-Ziegler
22155:Mayer, Egon
21122:January 20,
20168:January 31,
19538:January 19,
19462:. Haaretz.
19423:November 8,
18670:January 20,
18441:January 20,
18283:January 20,
18095:January 30,
17745:Arutz Sheva
17715:The Forward
17043:Wells, John
16867:Latin Times
16397:January 31,
16365:January 31,
15956:"ARIS 2001"
15917:January 20,
15884:January 20,
15743:October 17,
15521:November 8,
15380:December 1,
15340:November 8,
15277:October 16,
15035:January 26,
14794:January 20,
14602:January 26,
14592:The Forward
14287:February 5,
14207:November 9,
14197:www.cnn.com
14087:Hasia Diner
14043:November 4,
14009:January 13,
13975:October 28,
13695:November 8,
13664:October 18,
13629:October 27,
13583:October 16,
13482:December 3,
13314:January 20,
13246:January 20,
12925:סְפָרַדִּים
12624:Adam Silver
12620:David Stern
12600:Elie Wiesel
12580:Saul Bellow
12472:TPG Capital
12426:Jules Bache
12353:The Weavers
12346:Oscar Brand
12324:Smithsonian
12275:antisemitic
12267:atomic bomb
12244:Silver Star
12185:Elena Kagan
12162:Confederate
12146:Confederate
12144:Grave of a
11918:Kew Gardens
11862:("snack"),
11845:The Forward
11587:LGBT rights
11541:The Forward
11465:Sarah Palin
11461:John McCain
11373:Kate Hudson
11369:Goldie Hawn
11282:Protestants
11262:Protestants
11216:Beth Elohim
11192:Harris Poll
10551:final clubs
10509:Harry Levin
10399:Reform Jews
10387:Reform Jews
10329:Beta Israel
10296:Post-1948,
10090:Puerto Rico
9995:Netherlands
9759:Beta Israel
9646:Population
9618:Crypto-Jews
9557:Taylor Mays
9409:Bene Israel
8543:Connecticut
8439:Connecticut
8322:Schenectady
7529:Connecticut
7464:Los Angeles
7074:Santa Clara
6606:Westchester
6404:(61%), and
6398:Kiryas Joel
6367:Los Angeles
6295:Connecticut
6074:Los Angeles
6003:Metro area
5414:Mississippi
5037:Connecticut
4859:Los Angeles
4834:, 35% were
4676:Oslo Accord
4656:Revisionist
4648:Six-Day War
4554:persecution
4543:During the
4405:Jacky Rosen
4340:Jared Polis
4325:Jane Harman
4297:Steve Kagan
4285:Steve Cohen
4273:Kim Schrier
4269:Eric Cantor
4149:Gerald Ford
4030:at the time
3985:Mitt Romney
3969:John McCain
3850:Gerald Ford
3120:Six-Day War
3108:ethnic Jews
3049:$ 100,000+
3029:lower class
2870:German Jews
2630:Revisionist
2620:Neo-Zionism
2227:Zeved habat
2020:Puerto Rico
1846:Netherlands
1678:South Korea
1663:Philippines
1543:Afghanistan
1410:Ivory Coast
1184:Crypto-Jews
1149:Bnei Anusim
1128:Bene Israel
1093:Beta Israel
1050:Communities
957:Middle Ages
696:Persecution
471:Bereavement
72:Los Angeles
26619:Categories
26507:Afro-Asian
26129:Potawatomi
25960:Chemehuevi
25164:South Asia
24626:Rastafaris
24584:Ahmadiyyas
24537:Christians
24412:Emigration
24390:and social
24285:Matzo Ball
24250:Yeshiva.co
24233:Kosher.com
24209:Chabad.org
24166:Television
24058:Commentary
23806:News wires
23607:Bnei Akiva
23552:Humanistic
22783:0422777501
22604:0819144800
22338:0870682792
22316:0870682806
21922:0226324966
21811:2006022954
21334:0874413486
20862:(based at
20780:. Israel.
20522:August 28,
20479:January 4,
20440:August 20,
20395:August 29,
19721:January 6,
19632:October 4,
19600:October 4,
19590:Gallup.com
19392:October 5,
19181:August 23,
18832:January 4,
18729:pp. 86–88.
18660:hillel.org
18599:hillel.org
18576:January 6,
18255:June 2019.
18179:August 20,
18125:August 26,
17788:August 26,
17725:August 26,
17694:August 26,
17628:January 4,
17597:January 4,
17494:January 4,
17406:January 4,
17376:January 4,
17283:January 4,
17244:January 4,
17211:January 4,
17112:, and the
16665:August 12,
16298:August 19,
16232:August 12,
15675:October 5,
15554:: 51–101.
15495:January 3,
15409:(Report).
14882:gallup.com
14806:Commentary
14568:January 3,
14537:August 19,
14478:August 19,
14381:January 4,
14348:January 4,
14176:October 2,
13776:January 5,
13345:October 9,
13102:. p.
12972:References
12959:Portuguese
12931:Sefaraddim
12464:Blackstone
12376:Jon Landau
12255:physicists
12240:Navy Cross
12134:See also:
11912:(see also
11866:("drag"),
11638:See also:
11559:exit polls
11381:Adam Yauch
11308:Christians
11122:See also:
10874:University
10602:University
10555:Rick Levin
10524:Clark Kerr
10478:well-being
10462:Disability
10430:confounded
10368:See also:
10271:Tajikistan
10267:Uzbekistan
10259:Azerbaijan
10249:, such as
10126:מִזְרָחִים
9855:only as a
9806:Ashkenazim
9746:Romanyotim
9655:Ashkenazim
9610:New Mexico
9585:Israelites
9533:Lisa Bonet
9490:See also:
9313:, and the
9167:New Mexico
9141:California
9128:Santa Cruz
8972:Cumberland
8959:New Jersey
8842:Broomfield
8699:California
8647:New Jersey
8621:California
8595:New Jersey
8582:Burlington
8517:California
8309:California
8244:Alexandria
8023:California
7997:New Jersey
7880:Miami-Dade
7841:New Jersey
7711:New Jersey
7685:California
7477:California
7373:New Jersey
7347:New Jersey
7269:New Jersey
7243:New Jersey
7217:New Jersey
7191:California
7139:California
7087:California
6944:Montgomery
6931:California
6905:California
6749:New Jersey
6723:New Jersey
6697:California
6671:New Jersey
6632:Montgomery
6554:Palm Beach
6308:California
6230:New Jersey
6043:2,028,200
6040:1,750,000
5897:Washington
5561:New Mexico
5540:New Jersey
4995:California
4842:, 1% were
4838:, 6% were
4807:(SSRI) at
4487:See also:
4401:Jon Ossoff
4321:Providence
4313:Paul Hodes
4293:John Adler
4207:John Kerry
4180:Ross Perot
4075:politics.
4065:Labor Bund
3701:Alf Landon
3510:John Kerry
2996:synagogues
2909:New Jersey
2879:Cincinnati
2797:under the
2787:"enlarged"
2615:Maximalism
2567:Secularism
2547:Autonomism
2364:Literature
2157:Humanistic
1761:Azerbaijan
1723:Uzbekistan
1698:Tajikistan
1618:Kyrgyzstan
1603:Kazakhstan
1450:Mozambique
1425:Madagascar
1345:Cape Verde
1297:New Yishuv
1292:Old Yishuv
1243:Population
1221:Subbotniks
1179:Samaritans
1118:Romanyotim
1061:Ashkenazim
1008:Old Yishuv
988:Sabbateans
975:Modern era
967:Golden Age
894:Bar Kokhba
614:Beit Yosef
481:Philosophy
61:New Jersey
26537:Melungeon
26512:Amerasian
26238:Tsimshian
26045:Chochenyo
25990:Kitanemuk
25940:Menominee
25923:Tuscarora
25858:Chickasaw
25843:Blackfeet
25354:West Asia
25096:East Asia
24616:Neopagans
24542:Catholics
24532:Buddhists
24397:Affluence
24107:Mishpacha
24035:Magazines
23863:Der Blatt
23672:Schechter
23645:Education
23019:144774311
22624:0147-1694
22000:0024-6816
21819:315689134
21731:0792-335X
21638:"Judaism"
21601:Religions
21084:. Jinfo.
20872:Citigroup
20542:Our Crowd
20469:The Local
20312:161807444
20142:April 23,
20077:March 22,
20051:August 8,
19991:August 6,
19900:April 23,
19892:. NORML.
19874:March 10,
19778:April 23,
19691:March 10,
19332:March 10,
19235:"CNN.com"
19205:July 2018
19119:March 14,
19093:March 14,
18962:March 14,
18635:March 14,
17191:Routledge
17163:Germanica
17027:146549764
16953:April 20,
16760:August 2,
16002:Johnson,
15874:nysun.com
15595:April 15,
15350:cite news
14916:7,153,065
14324:143580353
14191:Results.
13936:161364396
13928:0164-0178
13849:0749-5471
13822:0164-0178
13636:directors
13398:April 27,
13182:cite book
12945:,
12905:,
12666:hamantash
12476:BlackRock
12385:Bob Dylan
12364:Sing Out!
12169:Civil War
12105:composer
12097:Doc Pomus
11997:Judeo-Tat
11955:American
11836:Ashkenazi
11713:1,222,658
11698:1,091,820
11683:1,051,767
11289:evolution
11278:Catholics
11266:Catholics
11258:agnostics
11242:religious
11236:The 2008
11227:Northeast
10379:Education
10283:Bukharian
10162:West Asia
10136:מִזְרָחִי
10086:Gibraltar
10074:Argentina
10055:Silk Road
10051:Kurdistan
9895:Sephardim
9817:coalesced
9777:1.6–2.3%
9668:Sephardim
9662:1.8–2.1%
9643:Ancestry
9454:whiteness
9339:whiteness
9303:West Asia
9195:political
8933:Minnesota
8738:Multnomah
8608:San Diego
8530:New Haven
8374:Berkshire
8348:Allegheny
7620:Nantucket
7594:St. Louis
7568:Baltimore
7516:Fairfield
7503:Wisconsin
7204:Middlesex
7126:San Mateo
7100:Arlington
6996:Baltimore
6970:Middlesex
6374:Baltimore
5978:7,153,065
5939:Wisconsin
5792:Tennessee
5586:1,772,470
5393:Minnesota
5288:Louisiana
4999:1,187,990
4897:% Jewish
4773:political
4721:from the
4664:West Bank
4577:Auschwitz
4463:Ron Klain
4435:Joe Biden
4413:Ron Wyden
4305:Ron Klein
4061:anarchist
4057:left-wing
3592:Election
3572:Joe Biden
3146:Election
2953:Lithuania
2743:Sephardic
2732:Sephardic
2728:Ashkenazi
2716:ethnicity
2625:Religious
2481:Zarphatic
2471:Bukharian
2441:Judeo-Tat
2426:Yeshivish
2400:Languages
2355:Sephardic
2345:Israelite
2335:Ethiopian
2325:Ashkenazi
2264:Religious
2054:Australia
2036:Venezuela
1942:Argentina
1924:Greenland
1836:Lithuania
1688:Sri Lanka
1683:Singapore
1608:Kurdistan
1573:Indonesia
1563:Hong Kong
1516:Abayudaya
1440:Mauritius
1174:Igbo Jews
1164:Krymchaks
1083:Sephardim
951:relations
845:Sadducees
841:Pharisees
831:Sanhedrin
746:Jerusalem
506:Synagogue
374:Etymology
311:Reformist
292:languages
251:Ukrainian
172:Languages
140:7,500,000
94:Cleveland
26517:Blaxican
26329:Chicanos
26223:Gwich'in
26171:Shoshone
26161:Seminole
26089:Muscogee
26062:Tataviam
26025:Suisunes
25975:Diegueño
25955:Cahuilla
25913:Onondaga
25893:Iroquois
25873:Comanche
25868:Colville
25853:Cheyenne
25848:Cherokee
24442:Language
24330:Category
24280:Lox Club
24197:Websites
24093:Kindline
23908:(Phila.)
23473:RIETS-YU
23379:Hatzalah
23374:Chaverim
23321:J Street
23311:Hadassah
22913:(1989).
22825:(2001).
22799:(1994).
22772:(1983).
22735:(2018).
22689:(1997).
22657:(1991).
22581:(1995).
22558:(2004).
22358:(1983).
22348:(1981).
22282:(1972).
22229:(2001).
22201:(1988).
22192:archived
22134:(2013).
22112:(1990).
22090:(1988).
22080:(1974).
22060:(1970).
22052:: 21–92.
22039:(1965).
21931:(2009).
21912:(1989).
21885:(2009).
21863:(1998).
21839:(1996).
21828:(1989).
21765:(2015).
21748:(1983).
21739:25834177
21664:(1976).
21629:43708450
21585:(2008).
21543:Politics
21501:(1993).
21483:in JSTOR
21116:Archived
21086:Archived
21066:April 5,
21060:Archived
21026:Archived
21022:YNetNews
20995:Archived
20968:Archived
20944:cite web
20810:Archived
20782:Archived
20752:Archived
20733:Archived
20694:Archived
20516:Archived
20473:Archived
20434:Archived
20432:. WNYC.
20389:Archived
20366:Archived
20333:Archived
20304:30130936
20222:(1988).
20162:Archived
20136:Archived
20110:Archived
20021:July 22,
20015:Archived
20013:. 1990.
19985:Archived
19955:Archived
19924:Archived
19894:Archived
19865:Archived
19838:June 27,
19802:Archived
19798:LA Times
19772:Archived
19715:Archived
19682:Archived
19651:Archived
19623:Archived
19594:Archived
19569:June 30,
19563:Archived
19464:Archived
19442:Archived
19417:Archived
19386:Archived
19356:Archived
19323:Archived
19277:Archived
19243:Archived
19218:Archived
19199:Archived
19144:Archived
19087:Archived
19056:Archived
19034:(2010).
19010:Archived
18986:Archived
18956:Archived
18930:Archived
18906:June 30,
18900:Archived
18882:(1988).
18826:Archived
18802:Archived
18760:Archived
18742:(2018).
18723:June 29,
18717:Archived
18691:(1991).
18664:Archived
18603:Archived
18540:Archived
18491:Archived
18464:Archived
18435:Archived
18410:July 15,
18404:Archived
18370:Archived
18337:Archived
18307:Archived
18277:Archived
18242:Archived
18222:Archived
18173:Archived
18062:July 17,
18056:Archived
18036:July 17,
18030:Archived
18005:July 17,
17999:Archived
17941:Archived
17880:Archived
17851:July 17,
17845:Archived
17818:July 17,
17812:Archived
17782:Archived
17749:Archived
17719:Archived
17688:Archived
17622:Archived
17618:BBC News
17591:Archived
17554:March 3,
17548:Archived
17524:March 3,
17518:Archived
17488:Archived
17464:March 8,
17458:Archived
17426:Archived
17400:Archived
17370:Archived
17344:Archived
17322:Archived
17301:(2002).
17277:Archived
17238:Archived
17205:Archived
17155:Germania
17135:Archived
17080:. 1.6.1.
17072:Josephus
16978:Archived
16947:Archived
16916:Archived
16912:11411198
16871:Archived
16841:Archived
16811:Archived
16782:archived
16754:Archived
16722:Archived
16695:April 5,
16689:Archived
16659:Archived
16620:Archived
16511:Archived
16478:Archived
16439:Archived
16388:Archived
16359:Archived
16355:NBC News
16329:Archived
16289:Archived
16256:Archived
16226:Archived
16187:Archived
16117:Archived
16093:Archived
15971:(449 KB)
15935:Archived
15911:Archived
15878:Archived
15824:Archived
15799:March 2,
15793:Archived
15734:Archived
15669:Archived
15638:Archived
15556:Archived
15515:Archived
15489:Archived
15307:June 23,
15301:Archived
15271:Archived
15229:Archived
15195:Archived
15165:Archived
15135:Archived
15104:Archived
15029:Archived
15002:Archived
14962:Archived
14931:Archived
14886:Archived
14648:Archived
14622:Archived
14596:Archived
14562:Archived
14531:Archived
14505:Archived
14472:Archived
14448:April 5,
14442:Archived
14417:Archived
14375:Archived
14342:Archived
14281:Archived
14250:Archived
14225:Archived
14201:Archived
14170:Archived
14074:. (1995)
14037:Archived
14003:Archived
13969:Archived
13770:Archived
13714:Archived
13689:Archived
13658:Archived
13623:Archived
13577:Archived
13543:July 29,
13537:Archived
13432:July 22,
13392:Archived
13365:Archived
13339:Archived
13335:Aish.com
13308:Archived
13272:(eds.).
13240:Archived
13238:. 2014.
13210:Archived
13142:archived
13067:Archived
13029:Archived
12937:Tiberian
12708:See also
12690:Streit's
12678:pastrami
12658:kreplach
12584:Ayn Rand
12522:chairmen
12291:Moe Asch
12114:baseball
12087:who ran
11993:Brooklyn
11891:Brooklyn
11876:Yinglish
11872:idiolect
11855:chutzpah
11669:Yiddish
11653:Language
11566:Iraq War
11341:Buddhist
11322:Buddhism
11293:miracles
11254:atheists
11204:Sephardi
11185:Hanukkah
11173:Hanukkah
11134:Orthodox
11102:Religion
10336:, are a
10277:such as
10255:Dagestan
10243:Caucasus
10239:Mizrahim
10229:Algerian
10225:Tunisian
10217:Egyptian
10201:Yemenite
10193:Lebanese
10177:Mizrahim
10131:Mizrachi
10120:Mizrahim
10082:Montreal
10043:Americas
10011:Bulgaria
9949:Largely
9916:Portugal
9910:(modern
9859:, until
9766:0.0003%
9707:Bukharim
9698:200,000
9685:250,000
9681:Mizrahim
9672:300,000
9518:atheists
9422:European
9378:Hispanic
9315:Americas
9253:Hispanic
9215:increase
9154:Santa Fe
9024:Cherokee
8998:Seminole
8920:Hennepin
8855:Colorado
8816:Sarasota
8803:New York
8764:Pinellas
8712:Hamilton
8491:New York
8426:Hartford
8413:Virginia
8335:New York
8283:New York
8270:Dutchess
8257:Virginia
8231:Virginia
8114:Delaware
8101:New York
8075:New York
8049:New York
7971:Colorado
7945:Illinois
7828:Atlantic
7815:Colorado
7802:Arapahoe
7789:Colorado
7659:Colorado
7607:Missouri
7581:Maryland
7555:Michigan
7412:Cuyahoga
7399:New York
7360:Somerset
7321:Maryland
7295:Virginia
7113:Virginia
7061:New York
7048:Richmond
7035:Illinois
7009:Maryland
6879:New York
6853:New York
6801:New York
6788:Sullivan
6736:Monmouth
6645:Maryland
6619:New York
6593:New York
6580:New York
6541:New York
6515:New York
6489:New York
6476:Rockland
6459:Counties
6334:Illinois
6269:Maryland
6217:New York
6206:Percent
6176:276,445
6173:165,000
6157:261,100
6154:208,000
6138:218,700
6135:210,000
6119:265,400
6116:248,000
6100:285,950
6097:254,000
6081:662,450
6078:490,000
6062:337,000
6059:535,000
6024:(ASARB)
5876:Virginia
5666:Oklahoma
5582:New York
5477:Nebraska
5435:Missouri
5372:Michigan
5330:Maryland
5267:Kentucky
5183:Illinois
5058:Delaware
5016:Colorado
4974:Arkansas
4877:By state
4840:Orthodox
4769:halakhic
4558:genocide
4556:and the
4503:feminist
4184:Bob Dole
4116:against
4104:, while
4034:New Deal
3924:Bob Dole
3224:Al Smith
3130:Politics
3104:folklore
3093:cultural
2943:and the
2843:diaspora
2747:Portugal
2720:religion
2704:American
2652:Category
2610:Kahanism
2557:Feminism
2529:Politics
2413:Biblical
2383:American
2330:Bukharan
2320:American
2220:Shidduch
2196:Clothing
2152:Haymanot
2098:Orthodox
2026:Suriname
2009:Paraguay
1962:Colombia
1861:Portugal
1771:Bulgaria
1708:Thailand
1658:Pakistan
1638:Mongolia
1633:Malaysia
1553:Cambodia
1527:Zimbabwe
1502:Tanzania
1380:Eswatini
1370:Ethiopia
1360:Djibouti
1340:Cameroon
1335:Botswana
1264:Diaspora
1226:Noahides
1199:Marranos
1123:Cochinim
1108:Bukharim
1098:Gruzinim
1088:Teimanim
1078:Mizrahim
1066:Galician
1032:conflict
993:Hasidism
983:Haskalah
888:Diaspora
759:timeline
671:Timeline
584:Rabbinic
491:Kabbalah
466:Marriage
442:Tzedakah
432:Holidays
390:Religion
353:a series
351:Part of
319:Orthodox
301:Religion
256:Romanian
236:Tigrinya
90:Bay Area
26542:Mulatto
26348:Oceania
26243:Tlingit
26233:Iñupiat
26218:Alutiiq
26166:Shawnee
26151:Quechan
26035:Awaswas
26020:Serrano
26015:Salinan
25995:Luiseño
25985:Juaneño
25980:Esselen
25965:Chumash
25863:Choctaw
25833:Abenaki
24579:Muslims
24552:Mormons
24547:Coptics
24527:Baha'is
24462:Poverty
23967:JWeekly
23924:(Conn.)
23893:(Bost.)
23884:Hamodia
23870:Der Yid
23688:Mesivta
23684:Yeshiva
23475:, etc.)
23442:, etc.)
23424:; etc.)
23389:Shomrim
22868:(2006).
22665:(ed.).
22587:Reprint
22289:Reprint
22073:: 3–99.
22008:2686469
21963:(ed.).
21493:excerpt
21491:(2012)
21461:(1981)
21450:(1995)
21432:, eds.
21184:(2004)
21170:et al.
21056:Forward
21032:July 4,
21001:July 4,
20690:Fortune
20246:(1990).
19711:haaretz
19470:July 2,
19083:Aishcom
19062:July 3,
18766:July 3,
18699:(ed.).
18461:pp. 5–6
18379:May 15,
18343:May 15,
18313:May 15,
17886:May 12,
17432:May 15,
17159:Germani
17143:Bohemia
17122:Germany
17110:Belgium
17090:AJ1.6.1
16974:Haaretz
16685:NPR.org
16006:, p.237
15985:at the
15704:4467195
14971:May 23,
14861:June 9,
14704:2702047
14654:June 2,
14628:May 25,
14340:. CNN.
14140:May 24,
14114:May 24,
13597:Sarna,
13455::
13372:, p. 52
13304:nps.gov
13073:July 9,
13038:May 21,
13001:June 9,
12951:Spanish
12941:, also
12901:; also
12682:brisket
12301:" (see
12222:during
11978:Arizona
11961:Bukhori
11910:Persian
11868:schmuck
11840:Yiddish
11800:178,945
11795:195,374
11785:213,064
11780:144,292
11770:315,953
11758:438,116
11743:503,605
11728:924,440
11666:Hebrew
11511:Germany
11493:In the
11231:Midwest
11190:A 2003
11144:label.
11013:12,500
10959:14,000
10940:13,515
10921:15,981
10902:19,401
10856:35,552
10853:42,477
10850:39,090
10848:45,813
10796:13,632
10776:41,827
10773:16,326
10771:14,406
10735:31,710
10733:39,184
10706:28,983
10687:28,472
10668:55,776
10649:36,168
10630:34,464
10513:Harvard
10454:charity
10291:Russian
10205:Turkish
10189:Kurdish
10151:transl.
10027:Lebanon
10007:Rumania
9971:Tunisia
9967:Algeria
9963:Morocco
9869:Central
9845:Aramaic
9833:Yiddish
9819:in the
9720:Juhurim
9694:Italkim
9327:Central
9102:Hampden
9037:Georgia
9011:Florida
8907:Florida
8894:Collier
8881:Georgia
8829:Florida
8777:Florida
8660:Johnson
8465:Georgia
8400:Fairfax
8218:Fairfax
8205:Georgia
8166:Suffolk
8010:Alameda
7984:Passaic
7958:Boulder
7949:220,200
7906:Chester
7897:106,300
7893:Florida
7542:Oakland
7490:Ozaukee
7481:518,000
7451:Georgia
7386:Suffolk
7178:Ventura
7091:128,000
6987:113,800
6857:198,000
6814:Norfolk
6779:170,700
6775:Florida
6762:Broward
6649:113,000
6623:136,000
6597:240,000
6571:208,850
6567:Florida
6545:230,000
6519:561,000
6470:Jewish
6382:Chicago
6282:Florida
6208:Jewish
6112:Chicago
6018:(ARDA)
5960:Wyoming
5880:150,955
5855:Vermont
5817:176,000
5712:434,165
5649:151,615
5544:546,950
5456:Montana
5355:293,080
5334:238,600
5204:Indiana
5187:297,735
5124:128,720
5120:Georgia
5104:657,095
5100:Florida
5041:118,350
5020:103,020
4957:106,300
4953:Arizona
4911:Alabama
4871:Atlanta
4863:Chicago
4697:(ZOA),
4682:(APN),
4603:Zionism
4550:Zionism
4529:slavery
4426:In the
4415:), and
4216:In the
4203:Al Gore
4199:Al Gore
4189:In the
3494:Al Gore
2989:Yiddish
2977:Romania
2969:Galicia
2965:Moldova
2961:Ukraine
2957:Belarus
2937:Yiddish
2805:History
2736:Mizrahi
2712:culture
2595:General
2586:Zionism
2562:Leftism
2552:Bundism
2476:Knaanic
2436:Yevanic
2421:Yiddish
2378:Yiddish
2373:Israeli
2350:Mizrahi
2340:Israeli
2311:Cuisine
2287:Ancient
2269:Secular
2215:Kashrut
2191:Wedding
2178:Customs
2170:Culture
2147:Science
2142:Renewal
2132:Karaite
2113:Hasidic
2045:Oceania
2031:Uruguay
1999:Jamaica
1979:Ecuador
1947:Bolivia
1891:Ukraine
1866:Romania
1841:Moldova
1821:Hungary
1811:Germany
1806:Georgia
1796:Finland
1791:Estonia
1786:Denmark
1781:Czechia
1766:Belarus
1756:Austria
1751:Armenia
1728:Vietnam
1643:Myanmar
1628:Lebanon
1548:Bahrain
1507:Tunisia
1485:Somalia
1460:Nigeria
1455:Namibia
1445:Morocco
1375:Eritrea
1320:Algeria
1204:Neofiti
1113:Italkim
1103:Juhurim
1013:Zionism
962:Khazars
857:Sicarii
853:Zealots
849:Essenes
836:Schisms
701:Leaders
663:General
655:History
598:Tosefta
593:Midrash
570:Mishnah
552:Ketuvim
547:Nevi'im
496:Customs
427:Shabbat
422:Halakha
414: (
412:Mitzvot
399: (
365:Judaism
330:, etc.)
324:Secular
307:Judaism
246:Russian
231:Amharic
216:Spanish
201:Aramaic
186:Yiddish
167:300,000
80:Chicago
69:Greater
26600:Racism
26522:Cajuns
26191:Yakama
26156:Salish
26134:Pueblo
26119:Pawnee
26114:Paiute
26099:Ojibwe
26094:Navajo
26082:Yokuts
26077:Wintun
26067:Tongva
26055:Tamyen
26050:Karkin
26040:Chalon
26030:Ohlone
26005:Patwin
25970:Cupeño
25945:Mohave
25935:Lenape
25918:Seneca
25908:Oneida
25903:Mohawk
25898:Cayuga
25838:Apache
25617:Cajuns
25480:Europe
24661:Africa
24564:Hindus
24504:Wealth
24275:JSwipe
24263:Dating
24238:Mosaic
24149:Tikkun
24142:Tablet
24114:Moment
24100:Lilith
23969:(S.F.)
23954:(N.Y.)
23946:(N.J.)
23916:(L.A.)
23716:Hillel
23631:Kadima
23567:Reform
23539:Former
23291:Ameinu
23067:(1922)
23017:
23007:
22989:
22923:
22899:
22833:
22780:
22745:
22721:
22697:
22675:
22643:
22622:
22601:
22568:
22544:
22494:
22471:
22448:
22425:
22403:
22381:
22335:
22313:
22295:
22268:
22242:
22211:
22182:
22144:
22120:
22098:
22025:
22006:
21998:
21975:
21941:
21920:
21895:
21871:
21849:
21817:
21809:
21799:
21775:
21737:
21729:
21697:
21672:
21650:
21627:
21617:
21515:
21463:online
21452:online
21425:(1976)
21361:
21331:
21312:
21291:
21270:online
21260:online
21250:online
21240:online
21228:online
21203:
21186:online
21174:(2002)
20864:Lazard
20648:Forbes
20330:online
20310:
20302:
20202:
19514:
19488:(2016)
19267:
19249:May 6,
19150:May 6,
19048:
18892:
18794:
18752:
18709:
18566:Hillel
18532:
18488:online
18400:Gallup
18253:
18202:
18150:
17680:
17269:
17197:
17118:Franks
17114:Alpine
17106:France
17094:
17084:
17053:
17025:
17015:
16943:Quartz
16910:
16651:
16470:
16218:
16085:
16028:
15702:
15565:May 8,
15263:
14785:
14751:
14702:
14322:
14061:(1978)
13934:
13926:
13874:
13847:
13820:
13569:
13514:passim
13282:
13170:
13110:
13027:: 10.
12921:Hebrew
12871:Hebrew
12680:, and
12646:bagels
12560:, and
12486:, and
12428:, and
12248:medics
12076:, and
12019:Israel
12011:Siddur
12007:Tanakh
11969:Queens
11959:speak
11887:Arabic
11864:schlep
11753:36,112
11738:38,346
11611:
11592:Reform
11555:
11550:Moment
11515:Israel
11387:, and
11301:heaven
11297:angels
11274:no God
11091:6,097
11056:6,533
10994:2,803
10990:10,394
10846:13,139
10759:4,000
10700:4,500
10474:Gallup
10450:
10391:Hindus
10346:Israel
10320:, and
10279:Juhuri
10261:, and
10231:, and
10221:Libyan
10197:Syrian
10111:Hebrew
10092:, and
10078:Mexico
10066:Israel
10037:, and
10023:Turkey
10013:, and
10003:Greece
9991:France
9977:, and
9853:Hebrew
9847:, and
9841:Hebrew
9810:Jewish
9808:are a
9799:Hebrew
9771:Total
9763:1,000
9750:6,500
9737:8,000
9733:Turkos
9430:Jewish
9355:Jewish
9291:Europe
9238:
9230:Haredi
9164:
9138:
9119:10,600
9112:
9086:
9060:
9050:Custer
9034:
9015:10,000
9008:
8982:
8956:
8946:Mercer
8937:29,300
8930:
8904:
8885:17,300
8878:
8852:
8826:
8807:19,000
8800:
8790:Monroe
8781:25,000
8774:
8755:20,000
8751:Oregon
8748:
8729:21,400
8722:
8703:83,750
8696:
8686:Orange
8677:15,000
8673:Kansas
8670:
8644:
8634:Sussex
8625:89,000
8618:
8599:12,900
8592:
8573:22,300
8566:
8547:27,100
8540:
8521:32,100
8514:
8488:
8478:Ulster
8462:
8443:29,600
8436:
8410:
8384:
8365:40,500
8358:
8332:
8306:
8287:10,000
8280:
8254:
8235:38,900
8228:
8209:25,000
8202:
8192:DeKalb
8183:27,000
8176:
8157:72,300
8153:Nevada
8150:
8131:21,000
8124:
8098:
8088:Putnam
8079:54,000
8072:
8053:12,000
8046:
8036:Albany
8027:59,100
8020:
8001:20,000
7994:
7975:12,000
7968:
7942:
7923:20,900
7916:
7890:
7864:
7854:Geauga
7845:11,700
7838:
7819:24,600
7812:
7786:
7776:Pitkin
7767:66,800
7760:
7741:28,000
7734:
7715:25,800
7708:
7689:23,100
7682:
7672:Sonoma
7663:28,700
7656:
7646:Denver
7630:
7611:49,600
7604:
7585:30,900
7578:
7559:61,200
7552:
7533:47,200
7526:
7500:
7474:
7455:50,000
7448:
7438:Fulton
7429:70,300
7422:
7403:86,000
7396:
7377:19,000
7370:
7351:29,700
7344:
7334:Morris
7325:17,200
7318:
7308:Howard
7292:
7273:48,800
7266:
7247:32,100
7240:
7230:Camden
7221:52,000
7214:
7195:54,000
7188:
7169:41,400
7162:
7143:47,800
7136:
7117:14,000
7110:
7084:
7065:34,000
7058:
7039:51,300
7032:
7013:60,000
7006:
6980:
6961:64,500
6954:
6935:65,800
6928:
6902:
6892:Alpine
6883:32,300
6876:
6866:Orange
6850:
6840:Queens
6831:63,600
6824:
6798:
6772:
6756:10.2%
6753:64,000
6746:
6730:10.2%
6727:92,500
6720:
6710:Bergen
6704:10.3%
6701:26,100
6694:
6678:10.7%
6675:61,500
6668:
6652:11.6%
6642:
6626:14.3%
6616:
6600:15.1%
6590:
6574:15.8%
6564:
6548:17.2%
6538:
6528:Nassau
6522:22.4%
6512:
6496:29.3%
6493:91,300
6486:
6417:. The
6414:Yerida
6378:Boston
6321:Nevada
6203:State
6150:Boston
6021:(WJC)
5981:2.07%
5973:
5967:0.20%
5957:
5946:0.57%
5943:33,455
5936:
5925:0.13%
5915:
5904:0.95%
5901:73,350
5894:
5883:1.75%
5873:
5862:0.93%
5852:
5841:0.17%
5831:
5820:0.60%
5810:
5799:0.33%
5796:22,800
5789:
5778:0.03%
5768:
5757:0.27%
5754:13,820
5747:
5736:1.71%
5733:18,750
5726:
5715:3.34%
5705:
5694:0.96%
5691:40,650
5687:Oregon
5684:
5673:0.11%
5663:
5652:1.28%
5642:
5631:0.05%
5621:
5610:0.44%
5607:45,935
5600:
5589:8.77%
5579:
5568:0.60%
5565:12,625
5558:
5547:5.89%
5537:
5526:0.73%
5523:10,120
5516:
5505:2.46%
5502:76,300
5498:Nevada
5495:
5484:0.48%
5474:
5463:0.14%
5453:
5442:1.04%
5439:64,275
5432:
5421:0.05%
5411:
5400:1.15%
5397:65,900
5390:
5379:0.87%
5376:87,905
5369:
5358:4.17%
5348:
5337:3.86%
5327:
5316:1.02%
5313:13,890
5306:
5295:0.32%
5292:14,900
5285:
5274:0.28%
5271:12,500
5264:
5253:0.59%
5250:17,425
5246:Kansas
5243:
5232:0.17%
5222:
5211:0.37%
5208:25,145
5201:
5190:2.32%
5180:
5169:0.12%
5159:
5148:0.49%
5141:Hawaii
5138:
5127:1.20%
5107:3.05%
5097:
5086:7.81%
5083:57,300
5076:
5065:1.53%
5062:15,100
5055:
5044:3.28%
5034:
5023:1.78%
5013:
5002:3.00%
4992:
4981:0.07%
4971:
4960:1.49%
4950:
4939:0.78%
4932:Alaska
4929:
4918:0.21%
4915:10,325
4908:
4765:Israel
4639:Israel
4533:
4525:
4472:, and
4331:, and
2963:, and
2949:Poland
2897:German
2892:minyan
2783:Israel
2708:Jewish
2657:Portal
2516:Domari
2446:Shassi
2407:Hebrew
2302:Humour
2246:Hiloni
2241:Aliyah
2201:Niddah
2186:Minyan
2121:Reform
2108:Haredi
2103:Modern
2004:Mexico
1989:Guyana
1952:Brazil
1914:Canada
1886:Sweden
1876:Serbia
1871:Russia
1856:Poland
1851:Norway
1831:Latvia
1816:Greece
1801:France
1776:Cyprus
1742:Europe
1713:Turkey
1703:Taiwan
1613:Kuwait
1598:Jordan
1588:Israel
1522:Zambia
1512:Uganda
1430:Malawi
1400:Guinea
1390:Gambia
1325:Angola
1311:Africa
1194:Dönmeh
1189:Anusim
1133:Berber
1071:Litvak
1023:Israel
929:
866:
780:Second
748:
609:Targum
575:Gemara
561:Talmud
533:Tanakh
486:Ethics
437:Prayer
317:, 11%
313:, 18%
276:Berber
266:Arabic
261:Polish
241:German
226:French
220:Ladino
191:Hebrew
156:Israel
153:
131:
26248:Yupik
26228:Haida
26213:Aleut
26196:Yaqui
26176:Sioux
26109:Odawa
26104:Osage
26072:Wappo
26000:Miwok
25930:Kiowa
25888:Houma
24636:Sikhs
24569:Jains
24270:JDate
24222:Jewcy
24135:SAPIR
24051:Binah
23799:Media
22885:1999.
22859:1994.
22661:. In
22236:(PDF)
22065:(PDF)
22044:(PDF)
22004:JSTOR
21735:JSTOR
21572:1999.
21558:2000.
20497:p. 29
20308:S2CID
20300:JSTOR
19868:(PDF)
19857:(PDF)
19685:(PDF)
19674:(PDF)
19626:(PDF)
19619:(PDF)
19510:(PDF)
19503:(PDF)
19326:(PDF)
19315:(PDF)
18866:(PDF)
18855:(PDF)
18695:. In
18625:"FAQ"
18373:(PDF)
18362:(PDF)
18089:(PDF)
18082:(PDF)
17977:(PDF)
17966:(PDF)
17916:(PDF)
17905:(PDF)
17168:Rhine
17102:Gauls
17023:S2CID
16427:(1).
16391:(PDF)
16384:(PDF)
16292:(PDF)
16281:(PDF)
15966:(PDF)
15959:(PDF)
15856:(PDF)
15849:(PDF)
15737:(PDF)
15724:(PDF)
15700:JSTOR
15559:(PDF)
15544:(PDF)
15442:(PDF)
15435:(PDF)
15407:(PDF)
15232:(PDF)
15221:(PDF)
15061:(PDF)
15054:(PDF)
14965:(PDF)
14958:(PDF)
14700:JSTOR
14320:S2CID
13932:S2CID
13468:. In
13032:(PDF)
13021:(PDF)
12780:Notes
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12572:asset
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12154:above
12099:, or
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11545:'
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11087:3,158
11077:1,800
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11038:2,000
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10980:2,800
10953:3,100
10934:3,500
10915:4,000
10896:6,500
10829:3,500
10790:3,700
10724:4,200
10681:5,800
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9525:Drake
9510:white
9426:white
9374:black
9335:white
9287:white
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9171:3,300
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9145:6,000
9122:2.3%
9096:2.3%
9076:Dukes
9070:2.3%
9063:Idaho
9044:2.3%
9041:5,000
9018:2.4%
8992:2.4%
8989:6,775
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8966:2.5%
8963:9,000
8940:2.5%
8914:2.5%
8911:8,000
8888:2.5%
8862:2.5%
8859:1,400
8836:2.6%
8833:9,950
8810:2.6%
8784:2.7%
8758:2.7%
8732:2.7%
8706:2.8%
8680:2.8%
8654:2.9%
8651:4,300
8628:2.9%
8602:2.9%
8576:3.0%
8556:Essex
8550:3.1%
8524:3.1%
8498:3.2%
8495:5,900
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8446:3.3%
8420:3.3%
8394:3.3%
8391:4,300
8368:3.3%
8342:3.4%
8339:5,200
8316:3.4%
8313:4,600
8290:3.4%
8264:3.5%
8261:4,900
8238:3.6%
8212:3.6%
8186:3.7%
8160:3.7%
8140:Clark
8134:3.8%
8108:3.9%
8105:3,900
8082:3.9%
8062:Bronx
8056:3.9%
8030:3.9%
8004:4.0%
7978:4.1%
7952:4.2%
7926:4.2%
7900:4.3%
7874:4.3%
7871:4,000
7848:4.3%
7822:4.3%
7796:4.4%
7770:4.4%
7744:4.7%
7718:4.8%
7698:Union
7692:4.8%
7666:4.8%
7640:4.9%
7614:5.0%
7588:5.0%
7562:5.1%
7536:5.1%
7510:5.2%
7507:4,500
7484:5.3%
7458:5.4%
7432:5.5%
7406:5.8%
7380:5.9%
7354:6.0%
7328:6.0%
7302:6.1%
7276:6.2%
7256:Essex
7250:6.2%
7224:6.4%
7198:6.6%
7172:6.6%
7152:Bucks
7146:6.7%
7120:6.7%
7094:7.2%
7068:7.3%
7042:7.3%
7016:7.5%
6990:7.6%
6964:8.1%
6938:8.2%
6912:8.6%
6886:8.7%
6860:8.9%
6834:9.5%
6808:9.6%
6805:7,425
6782:9.8%
6684:Marin
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6502:Kings
6462:State
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6351:2.29
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3981:2012
3976:Lost
3965:2008
3954:2004
3936:2000
3931:Lost
3920:1996
3915:Lost
3909:1992
3891:1988
3880:1984
3862:1980
3857:Lost
3846:1976
3835:1972
3817:1968
3812:Lost
3801:1964
3796:Lost
3785:1960
3774:1956
3756:1952
3751:Lost
3745:1948
3740:Lost
3729:1944
3724:Lost
3713:1940
3708:Lost
3697:1936
3692:Lost
3686:1932
3668:1928
3650:1924
3632:1920
3627:Lost
3616:1916
3602:% of
3594:year
3567:2020
3562:Lost
3551:2016
3540:2012
3522:2008
3517:Lost
3506:2004
3501:Lost
3490:2000
3479:1996
3461:1992
3456:Lost
3445:1988
3440:Lost
3429:1984
3424:Lost
3418:1980
3400:1976
3395:Lost
3384:1972
3379:Lost
3368:1968
3350:1964
3332:1960
3327:Lost
3321:1956
3316:Lost
3305:1952
3287:1948
3276:1944
3265:1940
3254:1936
3236:1932
3231:Lost
3220:1928
3215:Lost
3204:1924
3199:Lost
3188:1920
3170:1916
3156:% of
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2605:Labor
2600:Green
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1648:Nepal
1593:Japan
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1558:China
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1209:Xueta
1154:Lemba
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638:Zohar
542:Torah
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501:Rites
401:names
326:(30%
309:(35%
211:Farsi
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26527:Hapa
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22987:ISBN
22921:ISBN
22897:ISBN
22831:ISBN
22778:ISBN
22743:ISBN
22719:ISBN
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22641:ISBN
22620:ISSN
22599:ISBN
22566:ISBN
22542:ISBN
22492:ISBN
22469:ISBN
22446:ISBN
22423:ISBN
22401:ISBN
22379:ISBN
22333:ISBN
22311:ISBN
22293:ISBN
22266:ISBN
22240:ISBN
22209:ISBN
22180:ISBN
22142:ISBN
22118:ISBN
22096:ISBN
22023:ISBN
21996:ISSN
21973:ISBN
21939:ISBN
21918:ISBN
21893:ISBN
21869:ISBN
21847:ISBN
21815:OCLC
21807:LCCN
21797:ISBN
21773:ISBN
21727:ISSN
21695:ISBN
21670:ISBN
21648:ISBN
21625:OCLC
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21359:ISBN
21329:ISBN
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21289:ISBN
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19993:2012
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19932:2018
19902:2009
19876:2011
19840:2022
19810:2008
19780:2009
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19723:2010
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19634:2008
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17213:2023
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3363:Won
3345:Won
3300:Won
3282:Won
3271:Won
3260:Won
3249:Won
3183:Won
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2998:and
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10987:99%
10985:30%
10983:31%
10956:22%
10937:25%
10918:20%
10899:33%
10839:8%
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