168:
66:
25:
970:; knowledge is in the soul from eternity (86b), but each time the soul is incarnated its knowledge is forgotten in the trauma of birth. What one perceives to be learning, then, is the recovery of what one has forgotten. (Once it has been brought back it is true belief, to be turned into genuine knowledge by understanding.) Socrates (and Plato) thus sees himself not as a teacher but as a
777:
263:
1066:), is distinguished by its content. One can know only eternal truths since they are the only truths that possibly were in the soul from eternity. It may be very useful to have a true belief about, say, the best way to get from London to Oxford, but such a belief does not qualify as knowledge; it is not possible for the soul to possess such factually
951:
is true, and one knows the attributes, properties and/or other descriptive markers of this thing, one should not need to seek it out at all. The conclusion is that in either instance, there is no point trying to gain that "something"; in the case of Plato's aforementioned work, there is no point in seeking knowledge.
1160:
could be recalled by everyday human beings. As such, psychic recollection was intrinsically connected to the
Platonic conception of the soul. Since the contents of individual "material" or physical memories were trivial, only the universal recollection of Forms, or divine objects, drew one closer to
1167:
is the closest that human minds can come to experiencing the freedom of the soul before it is encumbered by matter. The incarnation process is described in
Neoplatonism as a trauma that causes the soul to forget its experiences (and often its divine origins). The storyteller's voice is concealed by
950:
is if they did not already know anything about it. In other words, one who knows none of the attributes, properties, and/or other descriptive markers of any kind that help signify what something is (physical or otherwise) will not recognize it even after coming across it. Therefore, if the converse
977:
The theory is illustrated by
Socrates asking a slave boy questions about geometry. At first, the boy gives the wrong answer; when that is pointed out to him, he is puzzled, but by asking questions, Socrates helps him to reach the correct answer. That is intended to show that since the boy was not
1060:). While the body's perceptual faculties are deceptive, Plato also argues that the falsehoods that they communicate to the soul can be used to trigger or prompt recollection. Secondly, Plato clarifies that genuine knowledge, as opposed to mere true belief (
1168:
John and Plato in order to pursue their anamnetic efforts and to encourage the following generations to be not only readers but also partakers in their original discussions on the soul. Gratitude, as an example of divine
1172:, was expressed by offering to God the first fruits of the harvest which maintains an identity with those who performed these actions in the past and therefore actualising them in the present.
884:
acquired before birth. The concept posits the claim that learning involves the act of rediscovering knowledge from within oneself. This stands in contrast to the opposing doctrine known as
755:
1054:, i.e., from guilt or defilement). The body and its senses are the source of error; knowledge cannot be regained except through the use of reason, and contemplating things with the soul (
1156:. The idea of psychic memory was used by Neoplatonists to demonstrate the celestial and immaterial origins of the soul and to explain how memories of the
1334:
1136:
130:
102:
83:
38:
109:
731:
1094:
himself did not posit recollection in the strict sense of the term because all knowledge of universally important ideas (
807:
116:
1152:
229:
211:
189:
149:
52:
182:
302:
98:
736:
87:
1018:, Plato presents a way of living that would enable one to overcome the misleading nature of the body through
1295:(London: Routledge) – contains an introduction and full translation by Day, together with papers on
376:
347:
277:
44:
978:
told the answer, he reached the truth by only recollecting what he had once known but later forgotten.
292:
176:
123:
1067:
963:
800:
76:
1131:
873:
193:
821:
711:
533:
526:
484:
442:
421:
297:
659:
589:
582:
575:
505:
435:
337:
327:
8:
918:
687:
666:
638:
463:
414:
1339:
1261:
Cody, Alfred (January 2006). "Little
Historical Creed or little Historical Anamnesis".
901:
893:
793:
680:
673:
603:
596:
540:
428:
342:
246:
781:
512:
477:
456:
307:
1284:, 1911: edited with introduction and notes by John Burnet (Oxford: Clarendon Press)
1241:
881:
831:
741:
721:
716:
694:
631:
610:
519:
470:
352:
287:
1304:
An
Episcopal Dictionary of the Church, A User Friendly Reference for Episcopalians
1214:
See
Douglas R. Campbell, "The Soul's Tool: Plato on the Usefulness of the Body,"
1003:
617:
393:
282:
967:
946:
is challenged by Meno to explain how someone could find out what the nature of
912:
762:
568:
1328:
959:
561:
554:
362:
357:
272:
974:, aiding with the birth of knowledge that was already there in the student.
1189:
1121:
906:
726:
491:
1157:
1087:
1113:
1107:
1055:
1246:
1229:
889:
885:
645:
367:
1169:
1147:
1083:
1020:
971:
652:
386:
254:
65:
1091:
1014:, nothing more than Socrates' method of questioning is offered, in
943:
624:
449:
317:
312:
1106:) and was accessible, using contemplation, to the soul as part of
1142:
1117:
498:
989:
947:
407:
855:
1096:
897:
400:
1102:
1062:
933:
547:
16:
Concept in Plato's epistemological and psychological theory
1128:
became part of the mythology of the descent of the soul.
1100:) came from a source outside of time (Dyad or the divine
861:
843:
837:
262:
759:
1230:"Anamnesis and the Silent Narrator in Plato and John"
864:
858:
852:
840:
834:
849:
846:
90:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
888:, which posits that all knowledge is derived from
1140:(ostensibly a commentary on the brief passage in
1326:
1078:For later interpreters of Plato, the concept of
954:Socrates' response is to develop his theory of
801:
1302:Don S. Armentrout and Robert Boak Slocum ,
1112:. They were more objects of experience, of
1029:
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1306:(New York, Church Publishing Incorporated)
808:
794:
1245:
1227:
230:Learn how and when to remove this message
212:Learn how and when to remove this message
150:Learn how and when to remove this message
1137:On the Cave of the Nymphs in the Odyssey
900:develops the theory of anamnesis in his
175:This article includes a list of general
1335:Concepts in ancient Greek epistemology
1327:
942:, Plato's character (and old teacher)
1146:XIII) elucidated that notion, as did
1260:
1120:, than of recollection. However, in
732:Allegorical interpretations of Plato
161:
88:adding citations to reliable sources
59:
18:
1228:Parsenios, George L. (March 2017).
1002:, in part by combining it with his
13:
1313:(Chicago, 1989), pp. 103–173.
181:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
1351:
1153:Commentary on the Dream of Scipio
34:This article has multiple issues.
880:) refers to the recollection of
830:
775:
261:
166:
64:
23:
1273:
1263:The Catholic Biblical Quarterly
1073:
998:, Plato develops his theory of
75:needs additional citations for
42:or discuss these issues on the
1320:(London, 1962), pp. 1–47.
1254:
1221:
1208:
1196:
1182:
1161:the immortal source of being.
1006:. Firstly, he elaborates how
822:Plato's theory of epistemology
1:
1175:
1311:A Commentary on Plato's Meno
1010:can be achieved: whereas in
7:
1318:Plato's Theory of Knowledge
737:Plato's unwritten doctrines
348:Analogy of the divided line
99:"Anamnesis" philosophy
10:
1356:
1025:
987:
931:
877:
981:
958:and to suggest that the
1299:by various philosophers
1068:contingent propositions
925:
196:more precise citations.
988:Further information:
932:Further information:
782:Philosophy portal
717:The Academy in Athens
338:Allegory of the cave
303:Political philosophy
84:improve this article
1218:43 (1): 7–27. 2022.
1247:10.3390/rel8040047
1070:for all eternity.
902:Socratic dialogues
894:sensory perception
750:Related categories
377:The works of Plato
343:Analogy of the Sun
1287:Jane M. Day 1994
966:, and repeatedly
818:
817:
478:Second Alcibiades
308:Euthyphro dilemma
240:
239:
232:
222:
221:
214:
160:
159:
152:
134:
57:
1347:
1267:
1266:
1258:
1252:
1251:
1249:
1225:
1219:
1212:
1206:
1200:
1194:
1186:
1124:, the theory of
1053:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1024:(Ancient Greek:
882:innate knowledge
879:
871:
870:
867:
866:
863:
860:
857:
854:
851:
848:
845:
842:
839:
836:
810:
803:
796:
780:
779:
778:
761:
742:Pseudo-Platonica
722:Middle Platonism
704:Related articles
471:First Alcibiades
353:Philosopher king
288:Form of the Good
265:
242:
241:
235:
228:
217:
210:
206:
203:
197:
192:this article by
183:inline citations
170:
169:
162:
155:
148:
144:
141:
135:
133:
92:
68:
60:
49:
27:
26:
19:
1355:
1354:
1350:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1345:
1344:
1325:
1324:
1323:
1316:Norman Gulley,
1276:
1271:
1270:
1259:
1255:
1226:
1222:
1213:
1209:
1201:
1197:
1187:
1183:
1178:
1150:'s much longer
1114:inner knowledge
1076:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1004:theory of forms
992:
986:
936:
930:
833:
829:
814:
776:
774:
767:
766:
765:
758:
283:Theory of forms
236:
225:
224:
223:
218:
207:
201:
198:
188:Please help to
187:
171:
167:
156:
145:
139:
136:
93:
91:
81:
69:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1353:
1343:
1342:
1337:
1322:
1321:
1314:
1307:
1300:
1285:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1268:
1265:. Jan 2006: 9.
1253:
1220:
1207:
1195:
1180:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1134:'s short work
1075:
1072:
985:
980:
929:
924:
816:
815:
813:
812:
805:
798:
790:
787:
786:
785:
784:
769:
768:
757:
756:
752:
751:
747:
746:
745:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
706:
705:
701:
700:
699:
698:
691:
684:
677:
670:
663:
656:
649:
642:
635:
628:
621:
614:
607:
600:
593:
586:
579:
572:
565:
558:
551:
544:
537:
530:
523:
516:
509:
502:
495:
488:
481:
474:
467:
460:
453:
446:
439:
432:
425:
418:
411:
404:
397:
390:
380:
379:
373:
372:
371:
370:
365:
360:
355:
350:
345:
340:
332:
331:
323:
322:
321:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
295:
293:Theory of soul
290:
285:
280:
275:
267:
266:
258:
257:
251:
250:
238:
237:
220:
219:
174:
172:
165:
158:
157:
72:
70:
63:
58:
32:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1352:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1332:
1330:
1319:
1315:
1312:
1309:Jacob Klein,
1308:
1305:
1301:
1298:
1294:
1292:
1286:
1283:
1279:
1278:
1264:
1257:
1248:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1224:
1217:
1211:
1204:
1199:
1192:
1191:
1185:
1181:
1173:
1171:
1166:
1162:
1159:
1155:
1154:
1149:
1145:
1144:
1139:
1138:
1133:
1129:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1110:
1105:
1104:
1099:
1098:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1071:
1069:
1065:
1064:
1059:
1058:
1023:
1022:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
991:
984:
979:
975:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
952:
949:
945:
941:
935:
928:
923:
921:
920:
915:
914:
909:
908:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
875:
874:Ancient Greek
869:
827:
823:
811:
806:
804:
799:
797:
792:
791:
789:
788:
783:
773:
772:
771:
770:
764:
760:
754:
753:
749:
748:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
709:
708:
707:
703:
702:
697:
696:
692:
690:
689:
685:
683:
682:
678:
676:
675:
671:
669:
668:
664:
662:
661:
657:
655:
654:
650:
648:
647:
643:
641:
640:
636:
634:
633:
629:
627:
626:
622:
620:
619:
615:
613:
612:
608:
606:
605:
601:
599:
598:
594:
592:
591:
587:
585:
584:
580:
578:
577:
573:
571:
570:
566:
564:
563:
562:Hippias Minor
559:
557:
556:
555:Hippias Major
552:
550:
549:
545:
543:
542:
538:
536:
535:
531:
529:
528:
524:
522:
521:
517:
515:
514:
510:
508:
507:
503:
501:
500:
496:
494:
493:
489:
487:
486:
482:
480:
479:
475:
473:
472:
468:
466:
465:
461:
459:
458:
454:
452:
451:
447:
445:
444:
440:
438:
437:
433:
431:
430:
426:
424:
423:
419:
417:
416:
412:
410:
409:
405:
403:
402:
398:
396:
395:
391:
389:
388:
384:
383:
382:
381:
378:
375:
374:
369:
366:
364:
363:Ring of Gyges
361:
359:
358:Ship of State
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
336:
335:
334:
333:
330:
329:
325:
324:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
270:
269:
268:
264:
260:
259:
256:
253:
252:
248:
244:
243:
234:
231:
216:
213:
205:
195:
191:
185:
184:
178:
173:
164:
163:
154:
151:
143:
140:December 2016
132:
129:
125:
122:
118:
115:
111:
108:
104:
101: –
100:
96:
95:Find sources:
89:
85:
79:
78:
73:This article
71:
67:
62:
61:
56:
54:
47:
46:
41:
40:
35:
30:
21:
20:
1317:
1310:
1303:
1296:
1290:
1288:
1281:
1274:Bibliography
1262:
1256:
1237:
1233:
1223:
1215:
1210:
1202:
1198:
1188:
1184:
1164:
1163:
1151:
1141:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1122:Neoplatonism
1108:
1101:
1095:
1082:became less
1079:
1077:
1074:Neoplatonism
1061:
1056:
1049:purification
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
999:
995:
993:
982:
976:
955:
953:
939:
937:
926:
917:
911:
905:
825:
819:
727:Neoplatonism
712:Commentaries
693:
686:
679:
672:
665:
658:
651:
644:
637:
630:
623:
616:
609:
602:
595:
588:
581:
574:
567:
560:
553:
546:
539:
532:
525:
518:
511:
504:
497:
492:Rival Lovers
490:
483:
476:
469:
462:
455:
448:
441:
434:
427:
420:
413:
406:
399:
392:
385:
328:The Republic
326:
298:Epistemology
226:
208:
199:
180:
146:
137:
127:
120:
113:
106:
94:
82:Please help
77:verification
74:
50:
43:
37:
36:Please help
33:
1088:ontological
639:Definitions
202:August 2022
194:introducing
1329:Categories
1176:References
1158:world-soul
968:incarnated
890:experience
886:empiricism
646:On Justice
534:Protagoras
527:Euthydemus
485:Hipparchus
443:Parmenides
422:Theaetetus
368:Myth of Er
177:references
110:newspapers
39:improve it
1340:Platonism
1240:(4): 47.
1234:Religions
1170:salvation
1165:Anamnesis
1148:Macrobius
1126:anamnesis
1086:and more
1084:epistemic
1080:anamnesis
1044: or
1039:cleansing
1021:katharsis
1008:anamnesis
1000:anamnesis
956:anamnesis
878:ἀνάμνησις
826:anamnesis
660:Demodocus
653:On Virtue
583:Clitophon
576:Menexenus
506:Charmides
457:Symposium
436:Statesman
387:Euthyphro
255:Platonism
45:talk page
1293:in Focus
1289:Plato's
1216:Elenchos
1132:Porphyry
1092:Plotinus
1026:κάθαρσις
964:immortal
944:Socrates
919:Phaedrus
695:Epigrams
688:Axiochus
667:Sisyphus
632:Epistles
625:Epinomis
590:Republic
464:Phaedrus
450:Philebus
415:Cratylus
318:Atlantis
313:Demiurge
247:a series
245:Part of
1143:Odyssey
1118:insight
1033:
972:midwife
681:Eryxias
674:Halcyon
604:Critias
597:Timaeus
541:Gorgias
499:Theages
429:Sophist
394:Apology
190:improve
124:scholar
1282:Phaedo
1280:Plato
1205:66b-d.
1203:Phaedo
1109:noesis
1057:noesis
1016:Phaedo
996:Phaedo
990:Phaedo
983:Phaedo
948:virtue
916:, and
913:Phaedo
513:Laches
408:Phaedo
179:, but
126:
119:
112:
105:
97:
1097:logos
898:Plato
763:Plato
611:Minos
520:Lysis
401:Crito
278:Works
131:JSTOR
117:books
1297:Meno
1291:Meno
1190:Meno
1103:nous
1063:doxa
1030:lit.
1012:Meno
960:soul
940:Meno
934:Meno
927:Meno
907:Meno
892:and
618:Laws
548:Meno
273:Life
103:news
1242:doi
1193:80d
1116:or
994:In
962:is
938:In
820:In
569:Ion
86:by
1331::
1236:.
1232:.
1090:.
1028:,
922:.
910:,
904::
896:.
876::
872:;
856:iː
824:,
249:on
48:.
1250:.
1244::
1238:8
1052:'
1046:'
1042:'
1036:'
868:/
865:s
862:ɪ
859:s
853:n
850:ˈ
847:m
844:æ
841:n
838:æ
835:ˌ
832:/
828:(
809:e
802:t
795:v
233:)
227:(
215:)
209:(
204:)
200:(
186:.
153:)
147:(
142:)
138:(
128:·
121:·
114:·
107:·
80:.
55:)
51:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
