92:
396:, British forces were facing a shortage of recruits and started a campaign to enlist the Marri, who ultimately refused to join the British ranks. As a result, clashes broke out in large areas of the Marri land. These actions lasted for many months under the leadership of General Mir Khuda e Dad Khan Marri. Ultimately mir khudaidad Khan Marri embraced martyrdom with two of his younger brothers. Despite this, they still refused to send their youth to join the war.
581:
333:, which ended in failure. Major Claiborne was repulsed in an attempt to storm the Naffusak Pass, losing 179 of his troops, with an additional 92 wounded out of his force of 650 troops. Many of his troops died of heat and dehydration. The fort of Kahan was forced to capitulate with the honors of war.
341:
The First Anglo-Marri War proved to be a disastrous campaign for the
British overall. Although they held the fort of Kahan throughout the campaign, the British forces were unable to establish a proper safe passage to Kahan and continue reinforcing the Kahan Regiment with resources. The Marri
293:, opened the doors of Balochistan to British interference in political and military affairs. British suzerainty over Balochistan was also a strong possibility. At the same time it generated reactionary feelings of
362:
The Marris were considered absolutely incorrigible, and were proclaimed outlawed and blockaded on all sides. A proclamation was issued on the Sind
Frontier offering a reward of ten
380:, Marri tribesmen made frequent raids on the British line of communications, ending with the plunder of a treasure convoy. A force of 3070 British troops under Brigadier-General
342:
tribesmen however faced no such difficulties in their chain of supplies to the area as they were native to the region and were well aware of the hilly terrain.
345:
After this war, in 1843, the Marri once again rose up against the
British forces. This time, the cause of the clashes was the occupancy of
601:
619:
266:
At the same time, without the consultation and agreement of the Baloch, a type of mutual understanding had been formalized between the
596:
305:
The negative relations between the Marri people and the
British started in 1840 due to attacks made on the communications of Sir
289:
According to Mir Khuda Bakhsh Marri, the invasions of the Kalat State and the martyrdom of Mir Mehrab Khan, at the hands of the
353:. Being a Baluch tribe, the Marri were worried about the fate of their neighboring state and their ruler. Colonial officer
306:
117:
461:
538:(English: Baluchistan: Political Struggle) by Justice Munir Ahmed Marri, Gosha-e-Adab publication, Quetta, 1989
634:
629:
624:
532:(English: Marri Baloch, war of resistance) by Shah Mohammad Marri, Takhleeqat publication, Lahore, 1991
141:& Mir Sharbat khan Marri 1840, Mir Karam Khan Marri in 1880 General Mir Khuda e Dad Khan Marri
211:). The conflicts took place in the 19th and 20th centuries, specifically in 1840, 1880, and 1917.
377:
426:
Search Lights on
Baluches & Baluchistan, but they fought until they were all dead. page-243
278:
territories between them. The people of the Kalat State and the Baluch tribesmen felt that the
260:
204:
200:
73:
44:
275:
8:
521:
354:
326:
239:
235:
215:
255:
By the 1840s, the Baloch had almost lost their national identity after the martyrdom of
381:
125:
568:
by
Justice Mir Khuda Bakhsh Marri, Gosha-e-Adab publication, Quetta, 1977 (First 1974)
562:
by
Mohammad Sardar Khan Gishkori, Gosha-e-Adab publication, Quetta, 1979 (First 1958)
231:
313:. In March 1840, Sir John Keane decided that there was a dire need to capture the
314:
256:
218:
and adjacent localities. These areas are now under the administrative control of
214:
During these wars, battles were fought mostly in the mountainous tribal areas of
350:
279:
227:
219:
193:
96:
91:
613:
592:
587:
283:
267:
223:
197:
189:
186:
160:
102:
330:
290:
393:
294:
605:. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 753.
462:"Pass of Nufoosk near Kahun. Advance of the Storm party, 31st Aug. 1840"
525:
478:
310:
144:
138:
129:
121:
32:
550:
by Mir Ahmad Yar Khan (Khan of Kalat), Royal Book Co. Karachi, 1975
208:
48:
586:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
185:
is the name given to three major military conflicts between the
544:
by M. Longworth Dames, The Royal
Asiatic Society London, 1907
363:
346:
417:
Baluchistan: Political
Struggle by Justice Munir Ahmed Marri
506:
Imperial
Gazetteer of India Provincial Series (Baluchistan)
271:
479:
The Forward Policy and its results by Richard Isaac Bruce
259:, a Baloch ruler. The subsequent British suzerainty over
524:, Gosha-e-Adab publication, Quetta, 1977 (First 1900)
502:, Gosha-e-Adab publication, Quetta, 1986 (First 1906)
514:
by A.B. Anwar, New Century Publications London, 1985
536:
Balochistan Siasi Kashmakash mudhamirat w rujhanaat
611:
512:Baluchistan Historical & Political Processes
508:, Sheikh Mubarak Ali, Lahore, 1976 (First 1908)
371:
387:
245:
451:Defense of Kahan by Charles Reynolds Williams
438:
436:
434:
432:
413:
411:
409:
566:Search Lights on Baluches & Baluchistan
263:also reduced the Baloch national identity.
203:(now known as the North-Eastern region of
429:
406:
591:
560:History of Baluch Race & Baluchistan
442:Encyclopedia of Britannica, 11th Edition
309:'s army after it had passed through the
62:Second & Third Wars: British Victory
317:and its fort from the Marri tribesmen.
242:districts of the Baluchistan province.
612:
329:against the Marri was launched by the
286:were becoming masters of their fate.
500:The Gazetteer of Baluchistan (Sibi)
320:
13:
14:
646:
620:Wars involving the United Kingdom
60:First War: Victory of Marri tribe
579:
90:
554:Problems of Greater Baluchistan
487:
137:Sardar Doda Khan Marri in 1840
542:Popular Poetry of the Baluches
472:
454:
445:
420:
1:
530:Marri Baloch Jange Mazzahimat
399:
384:marched through the country.
366:for the capture of any Marri.
496:by Charles Reynolds Williams
372:Second Anglo-Marri War: 1880
336:
7:
388:Third Anglo-Marri War: 1917
246:First Anglo-Marri War: 1840
196:in the independent eastern
143:Mir Beabragh marri in 1918
10:
651:
572:
250:
167:
150:
109:
83:
23:
18:
357:wrote about the Marris:
300:
274:for the distribution of
602:Encyclopædia Britannica
110:Commanders and leaders
349:by the forces of the
168:Casualties and losses
43:North-East region of
556:by Dr. Inayat Baluch
376:In 1880, during the
124:, Brigadier-General
522:Richard Isaac Bruce
355:Richard Isaac Bruce
327:punitive expedition
163:warriors and Allies
548:Inside Baluchistan
518:The Forward Policy
297:among the Baloch.
192:tribesmen and the
635:Conflicts in 1917
630:Conflicts in 1880
625:Conflicts in 1840
378:Second Afghan War
179:
178:
79:
78:
31:1840, 1880, 1917
642:
606:
585:
583:
582:
494:Defence of Kahan
481:
476:
470:
469:
458:
452:
449:
443:
440:
427:
424:
418:
415:
331:British military
321:Battles of Kahan
216:Kohistan-e-Marri
183:Anglo-Marri Wars
95:
94:
25:
24:
19:Anglo-Marri Wars
16:
15:
650:
649:
645:
644:
643:
641:
640:
639:
610:
609:
595:, ed. (1911). "
580:
578:
575:
490:
485:
484:
477:
473:
466:British Library
460:
459:
455:
450:
446:
441:
430:
425:
421:
416:
407:
402:
390:
374:
339:
323:
303:
270:and kingdom of
257:Mir Mehrab Khan
253:
248:
89:
68:
61:
52:
47:(in modern-day
12:
11:
5:
648:
638:
637:
632:
627:
622:
608:
607:
593:Chisholm, Hugh
574:
571:
570:
569:
563:
557:
551:
545:
539:
533:
527:
515:
509:
503:
497:
489:
486:
483:
482:
471:
453:
444:
428:
419:
404:
403:
401:
398:
389:
386:
373:
370:
351:British Empire
338:
335:
322:
319:
302:
299:
252:
249:
247:
244:
194:British Empire
177:
176:
173:
170:
169:
165:
164:
157:
153:
152:
148:
147:
134:
133:Gen Hardy 1918
112:
111:
107:
106:
99:
97:British Empire
86:
85:
81:
80:
77:
76:
70:
64:
63:
58:
54:
53:
42:
40:
36:
35:
29:
21:
20:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
647:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
617:
615:
604:
603:
598:
594:
589:
588:public domain
577:
576:
567:
564:
561:
558:
555:
552:
549:
546:
543:
540:
537:
534:
531:
528:
526:
523:
519:
516:
513:
510:
507:
504:
501:
498:
495:
492:
491:
480:
475:
467:
463:
457:
448:
439:
437:
435:
433:
423:
414:
412:
410:
405:
397:
395:
385:
383:
379:
369:
367:
365:
358:
356:
352:
348:
343:
334:
332:
328:
318:
316:
312:
308:
298:
296:
292:
287:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
264:
262:
258:
243:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
212:
210:
206:
202:
199:
195:
191:
188:
184:
174:
172:
171:
166:
162:
159:Thousands of
158:
155:
154:
149:
146:
142:
140:
135:
132:
131:
127:
123:
119:
114:
113:
108:
104:
100:
98:
93:
88:
87:
82:
75:
71:
66:
65:
59:
56:
55:
50:
46:
41:
38:
37:
34:
30:
27:
26:
22:
17:
600:
565:
559:
553:
547:
541:
535:
529:
517:
511:
505:
499:
493:
488:Bibliography
474:
465:
456:
447:
422:
391:
375:
361:
359:
344:
340:
324:
304:
291:British Army
288:
265:
254:
213:
182:
180:
136:
115:
101:Independent
84:Belligerents
394:World War I
295:nationalism
268:British Raj
261:Kalat State
205:Baluchistan
201:tribal belt
74:Baluchistan
67:Territorial
45:Baluchistan
614:Categories
400:References
311:Bolan Pass
307:John Keane
240:Dera Bugti
118:John Keane
382:Macgregor
337:Aftermath
236:Nasirabad
126:Macgregor
105:tribesmen
284:Iranians
209:Pakistan
151:Strength
128:in 1880
120:in 1840
72:Eastern
49:Pakistan
39:Location
590::
573:Sources
392:During
280:British
251:Context
232:Barkhan
175:Unknown
156:Unknown
69:changes
584:
364:rupees
276:Baloch
238:, and
198:Baloch
190:Baloch
57:Result
597:Marri
347:Sindh
315:Kahan
301:Cause
228:Bolan
220:Kohlu
187:Marri
161:Marri
103:Marri
282:and
272:Iran
224:Sibi
181:The
116:Sir
28:Date
599:".
520:by
325:An
616::
464:.
431:^
408:^
368:"
234:,
230:,
226:,
222:,
207:,
145:CE
139:CE
130:CE
122:CE
33:CE
468:.
360:″
51:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
