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were isolated in small towns: "The most important things they learned (from the books) were that 1) they weren't unique and doomed to lifelong isolation, 2) ... they weren't 'abnormal,' and 3) there was hope for a happy life. They wrote to me in thousands, asking me to confirm these wonderful things, which I gladly did—even though I felt only marginally better informed than they were." The books were even translated into other languages, which was also quite rare for the brief lives of pulp novels. Bannon received international and domestic mail from women, saying, "This is the only book (and they would say this about all of them) that I've read where the women really love each other, where its OK for them to love each other, and they don't have to kill themselves afterwards."
313:. Bannon said, "Both books completely obsessed me for the better part of two years." Although recently married and on her way to having two children, she found the books struck a chord in her life and recognized emotions in herself that compelled her to write about them. In the beginning of her marriage she was left alone quite a lot and said, "I was kind of desperate to get some of the things that had been consuming me for a long time down on paper." In 1956, after having sent her first manuscript to Marijane Meaker (Packer's real name), Meaker invited her to New York to discuss the manuscript with Meaker's editor at Gold Medal Books; Bannon said her husband "only let go because discovered that there was a women’s hotel called the
1310:, she discussed how her books survived despite criticisms by censors, Victorian moralists, and purveyors of literary "snobbery" in writing, "To the persistent surprise of many of us, and of the critics who found us such an easy target years ago, the books by, of and for women found a life of their own. They—and we—may still not be regarded as conventionally acceptable 'nice' literature, as it were—but I have come to value that historical judgment. We wrote the stories no one else could tell. And in so doing, we captured a slice of life in a particular time and place that still resonates for members of our community."
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standards of the decade, a subtle defiance of those morals, or a combination of both. Andrea
Loewenstein notes Bannon's use of cliché, suggesting that it reflected Bannon's own belief in the culturally repressive ideas of the 1950s. Conversely, writer Jeff Weinstein remarks that Bannon's "potboilers" are an expression of freedom because they address issues mainstream fiction did not in the 1950s. Instead of cliché, Weinstein writes that her characters become more realistic as she exploits the dramatic plots, because they "are influenced by the melodramatic conventions of the culture that excludes them".
466:, was published in 1957, and became Gold Medal Books' second best-selling title of the year. Based on Bannon's own experiences, the plot involved a lesbian relationship between two sorority sisters in a fictional sorority at a fictional midwestern university. As was custom with pulp fiction novels, neither the cover art nor the title were under the control of the author. Both were approved by the publisher in order to be as suggestive and lurid as possible. The main character is Laura Landon, who realizes that she's in love with Beth, her older, more experienced roommate, a leader in the sorority.
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1139:. Because of the atmosphere of secrecy and shame, little was recorded at the time about what it was like to be gay then, and Bannon unwittingly recorded history from her own visits to Greenwich Village. In 2007, one of the writers who adapted three of the books into a play said of Bannon's work, "I think she rises above the pulp. She wasn't trying to write trash. There wasn't any place for a woman to be writing this kind of material ... But I just think the writing's transcended its time and its era and its market."
680:, is living with her husband and children in Southern California. She tries to find Laura again nine years after college, and escapes a deranged woman who has a fixation on her, a reflection of a relationship Bannon had with a beautiful, but "very bewildered and unstable person." Beth writes to an author of lesbian books in New York, and goes to meet her in hope of finding Laura. They have a brief relationship, after which Beth finds Laura married to Jack and with a child, then discovers Beebo as well. A fifth book,
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1048:, which takes place before the others when Beebo is eighteen years old, focuses on her realization not only that she is gay, but that she is also a masculine woman. Nealon writes that Bannon's exploration of Beebo's masculinity is not to give excuses for her desires, but "to get at the source of specialness, the sources of her claim to be treated with dignity". By connecting her characters' bodies with their desires, Bannon allows further understanding of self as normal, and that homosexuality is acceptable.
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769:, Bannon said the energy to write about the characters left her, but she got so good at her "obsessive fantasies" that even after the books were written she continued to live internally, and suspected it affected her subsequent relationships. "I realize now that I was in a sort of 'holding pattern,' a way of keeping my sanity intact while waiting for my children to grow up and the freedom door to open", she recalled. Returning to school, Bannon completed her master's degree at
278:"unfailingly gracious" to the younger one. In recognizing the younger woman's attractions, she began to suspect her own sexuality. She said, "I saw a lot of it happening and I didn't know what to make of it. I don't even know how to put it—I was absolutely consumed with it, it was an extraordinary thing." Another sorority sister was physically remarkable, very tall—almost 6 feet (1.8 m), with a husky voice and boyish nickname, that Bannon imagined was a blend of
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butch and femme, and gays and lesbians as self-destructive, closeted, paranoid, and alcoholic. Loewenstein remarks that readers in 1980 had a tendency to reject that kind of reality in Bannon's stories. "Since much of our past is so bitter, ... pretend away our most recent history". Loewenstein suggests the struggles Bannon's characters endured were ones that Bannon must have faced herself. When Laura declares her joy in her love for Beth in
593:(the working and common title) featured Laura after her affair with Beth, as she finds herself in New York City's Greenwich Village, and meets a wisecracking gay man named Jack, and becomes his best friend. Laura has to choose between a straight woman with a wild and curious streak, and a fascinating new character that proved to be her most popular of the series, Beebo Brinker, who came to embody the description of a thoroughly
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on the reasons why Bannon's books in particular were popular is because they were so different from anything else being published at the time: "Bannon was implicitly challenging the prevailing belief that homosexual life was brief, episodic, and more often than not resulted in death ... Bannon insisted on the continuity of lesbian love, while everything in her culture was speaking of its quick and ugly demise."
1037:, the second book in the series, Beebo's butch appearance "seems to alternately terrify and attract Laura", leading to a very erotic physical relationship. However, when Laura lashes out at Beebo in a moment of self-pity, it is her masculinity that Laura attacks, invalidating Beebo's uniqueness and the core of her desirability violently. In the book that exhibits the most self-destruction in the series,
201:. The books' enduring popularity and impact on lesbian identity has earned her the title "Queen of Lesbian Pulp Fiction". Bannon was a young housewife trying to address her own issues of sexuality when she was inspired to write her first novel. Her subsequent books featured four characters who reappeared throughout the series, including her eponymous heroine, Beebo Brinker, who came to embody the
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turns to Beebo, whom he finds "handsome" and lost, and he takes her home, gets her drunk, and becomes asexually intimate with her. Barale writes that Bannon manipulates male readers to become interested in the story, then turns them into voyeurs and imposes homosexual desires upon them, though eventually places them in a safe position to understand a gay story from a heterosexual point of view.
1000:, as Beth leaves her husband and children to find Laura. Beth is followed by Vega, a woman scarred deeply—both emotionally and physically—with whom Beth had an affair. Vega shoots herself at the end of the story. Scholar Christopher Nealon suggests that Vega's scars and emotional pain represent the anguish of self-hatred and the self-destructive phases Bannon imposed upon her characters in
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name "Bannon" from a list of his customers and liked it because it contained her own name in it. She continued to experience difficulty in her marriage, however, and in realizing that "not all lesbians were nice people", she took these frustrations out on her characters. "I couldn't stand some of what was happening to me–but Beebo could take it. Beebo really, in a way, had my
1072:, and his friends react with interest. Jack labels Laura "Mother" and continues to refer to this nickname instead of her real name throughout the series, as though Bannon—through Jack—is vaguely mocking Freud and the ideas that have framed the construction of sexuality in the 1950s. Scholar Michele Barale remarks that Bannon's literary devices in
684:, also published in 1960, again addresses issues of love outside the realm of socially acceptable relationships, although it is not primarily about homosexuality. In it, Jack and Laura are friends with a young married couple who discover they are brother and sister, and must decide whether they will stay together or conform to societal standards.
352:. The book depicts a lesbian relationship the author witnessed, ending with one of the women committing suicide. It sold 4.5 million copies, and Gold Medal Books' editors were "thrilled". Its success earned it a mention in the House Select Committee on Current Pornographic Materials in 1952. Gold Medal Books was a branch of
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She said of the rediscovery, "I was so ready for something fresh and exciting in my life. It had seemed to me, up to that point, that not only had the books and the characters died, so had Ann Bannon." However, following a bitter divorce, and just as the Naiad Press editions of her books were released, Bannon endured a bout of
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286:. She recalled entering the communal restroom and seeing the sister, "both of us in underwear, and experienc(ing) a sort of electric shock", and trying not to stare at her. In 1954, she graduated with a degree in French and soon married an engineer thirteen years older whose job made them relocate frequently.
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claimed Bannon and her books "are in a class by themselves" and credits Bannon with saving her life, writing in 2005, "Overwhelming need led me to walk a gauntlet of fear up to the cash register. Fear so intense that I remember nothing more, only that I stumbled out of the store in possession of what
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describes the relationships between Bannon's characters as mostly positive, satisfactory, and at times complex depictions of lesbian and gay relationships, which Bannon attributed to not letting go of the hope that she could "salvage (her) own life." One retrospective of lesbian pulp fiction remarked
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The erotic nature of the books has been noted as adding to their uniqueness. Loewenstein remarks on the intensity of Laura's passion: "The presentation of a woman as a joyfully aggressive person is, in itself, a rare achievement in 1957". A 2002 retrospective of Bannon's books claims "there were more
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when Laura begins an affair with a woman representing herself as
Eastern Indian, but who is actually a lighter skinned African American. The duality of their relationship is expressed not only in skin color but through their personalities. Laura, blond and passionate, contrasts with Tris, who is dark
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Scholar Andrea
Loewenstein published the first in-depth review of Bannon's books in 1980, and notes that they were "exceptionally good pulp" that caused unexpected strong feelings of sadness or anger among lesbians when they were read twenty years after being published. Bannon depicts strict roles of
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majors all waved. My chairman told me to put the books into my promotion file, and one of my colleagues told me my file was the only one that was any fun." She often received small recognitions from students and faculty who were pleased and surprised, once getting a bouquet of flowers from a student.
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Hall of Fame. She received the
Sacramento State Alumni Association's Distinguished Faculty Award for 2005, and received the Trailblazer Award from the Golden Crown Literary Society the same year; the GCLS created the Ann Bannon GCLS Popular Choice Award. She was the recipient of the Alice B Award in
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In the new forewords to the Cleis Press editions, Bannon addressed the criticisms of her characters as self-destructive in limiting roles, explaining that she simply depicted what she knew and felt at the time. Bannon has said she knows the concerns of the women who are uncomfortable with the themes
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Bannon did not outwardly advertise the fact that the books had been released again in her department at
Sacramento State. Not being tenured, she was unsure how the information would be received. However, word got out: "I was jet-propelled out of the closet. People stared at me around campus, and the
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One of the letters was from Bannon, asking for professional assistance in getting published. On writing to Meaker, she said, "To this day I have no idea why she responded to me out of the thousands of letters she was getting at that time. Thank God she did. I was both thrilled and terrified." Bannon
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where she befriended a beautiful older sorority sister, "the prettiest I had ever seen", quite popular with men and with women. Bannon witnessed a younger sorority sister's unabashed infatuation with the older sister. She recalls it was an awkward situation, even though the older sorority sister was
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courses, and Bannon has received numerous awards for pioneering lesbian and gay literature. She has been described as "the premier fictional representation of US lesbian life in the fifties and sixties", and it has been said that her books "rest on the bookshelf of nearly every even faintly literate
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depict characters trying to come to terms with their ostracism from heterosexual society. Christopher Nealon adds that the characters are also trying to "understand the relationship between their bodies and their desires"; the continuing appeal of the novels, Nealon states, is due to the characters
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called the books "survival literature", explaining: "In whatever towns or cities these books were read, they were spreading the information that meant a new hope for trapped and isolated women". One retrospective writer noted, "ntil the late 1960s, when the sexual revolution was emerging, the pulps
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The characters and their stories served as an extension of the fantasy life Bannon developed as a child. They became her "fantasy friends" whose loves and lives she witnessed and through which she lived her own life vicariously, helping her through a difficult marriage, and a longing for a life she
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that focused on paperback books which at the time were printed on very cheap paper, not designed to last for more than a year, sold for 25 cents in drug stores and other venues all over the United States and Canada. The books made for cheap, easy reading that could be discarded at the end of a
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lesbian. The majority of her characters mirrored people she knew, but their stories reflected a life she did not feel she was able to live. Despite her traditional upbringing and role in married life, her novels defied conventions for romance stories and depictions of lesbians by addressing complex
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and is unable to give Beth the same devotion when Beth finds her again, Nealon writes that Bannon makes the point that it is impossible to sustain "a lesbian identity that always returns to the moment of self-discovery". Beth, instead, finds Beebo, now older and much calmer, who gives her hope and
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Writer Diane Hamer attests that Bannon's books and characters represent a part of identity where women are unsure if they are gay or straight, man or woman, ashamed or accepting of who they are. In receiving no clear answers from Bannon herself, women were left to try to figure these questions out
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in the early 1960s, but her husband's stern disapproval of her activities began to take its toll. She stated later, "It began to be very painful. So every time I would start to reach out (to the lesbian/gay community), I would get struck down ... In my own life, I couldn't operationalize
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Although her husband was aware of the books she was writing, he showed no interest in the subject. He was interested enough in the money she made from them, however, but had forbidden her to use her married surname, not wishing to see it on a book cover with art of questionable taste. She took the
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Letters began to pour in for her from all over the country. There were mostly propositions from men, but the letters from women thanked her profusely and begged her for reassurance that they would be all right. Bannon described the impact her books had from the letters she received from people who
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lesbian. Beebo was smart, handsome, chivalrous, and virile. Once again based on what Bannon knew, Beebo was nearly 6 feet (1.8 m) tall with a husky voice and a formidable physique. The personality however, Bannon says, was drawn out of her sheer need for Beebo to exist. After spending time in
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consisting of two sorority sisters who had fallen in love with each other. Carroll told her to take it back and focus on the two characters who had an affair. Bannon claims she went back and told their story, delivered the draft to
Carroll and saw it published without a single word changed. While
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Bannon lives in
Sacramento. She has two children with her former husband. In 2021 she told an interviewer that her elder daughter, who converted to Catholicism and became very conservative, "does not approve of any of this at all" but that her younger daughter is "open and welcoming and loving".
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defy the expectations of the audience for whom the novel was specifically marketed: heterosexual males. Bannon chooses the first character, an "everyman" named—significantly—Jack Mann, with whom the male audience identifies, only to divulge that he is gay and has maternal instincts. His interest
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for comedy. However, one of the writers said, "I just felt like, how can you turn these people into a joke? I mean, these people are real people! Why would I direct a play where I held the characters in some sort of contempt or felt that they were ridiculous? We are allowed to do something else
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Bannon's books, like most pulp fiction novels, were not reviewed by newspapers or magazines when they were originally published between 1957 and 1962. However, since their release they have been the subject of analyses that offer differing opinions of Bannon's books as a reflection of the moral
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with her mother and stepfather, and had the responsibility of taking care of four siblings due to the family's financial problems. She took comfort in a vibrant imaginary life during this time and found solace in writing. Growing up, she was surrounded by music, particularly jazz, as her family
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and became an academic. She endured a difficult marriage for 27 years and, as she separated from her husband in the 1980s, her books were republished; she was stunned to learn of their influence on society. They were released again between 2001 and 2003 and were adapted as an award-winning
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by making her violent, alcoholic and self-destructive, Loewenstein notes, "she needs to humiliate Beebo so badly that she makes her disappear". Loewenstein remarks Bannon's characters are deeply conflicted by enjoying relationships they feel are morally wrong, and they are acting out cycles of
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s are six books in all, first published between 1957 and 1962. They featured four characters who appeared in at least three of the books in a chronological saga of coming to terms with their homosexuality and navigating their ways through gay and lesbian relationships. The first in the series,
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Bannon's books have, with the benefit of time, been described in vastly different terms, from "literary works" among pulp contemporaries, to "libidinised trash". However disparately Bannon's books are described in feminist and lesbian literary retrospectives, almost every mention concedes the
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Lesbians depicted in literature were relatively rare in the 1950s. It was the publisher's policy in any novel involving lesbianism that the characters would never receive any satisfaction from the relationship. One or both usually ended up committing suicide, going insane, or leaving the
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actively tracked Bannon down and reissued the books in new covers. Grier discussed the novels, answering the question of who among lesbian paperback authors should be highlighted: "Ann Bannon. Without even a discussion ... In terms of actual influence, sales, everything, Bannon."
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Critics have since remarked that Bannon's books are remarkable for portraying homosexual relationships relatively accurately. The continuity of characters in the series also gave her books a unique quality, especially when most lesbian characters during this time were one-dimensional
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Beebo gets off the bus from her rural hometown into New York City to find a waiting friend in Jack, and to discover herself. She begins an affair with a famous and fading movie star, and follows her to
California, only to return to be more honest about what she wants in her life.
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and took trips into New York City to visit
Greenwich Village and stayed with friends. She said of the women she saw in Greenwich Village, "I wanted to be one of them, to speak to other women, if only in print. And so I made a beginning—and that beginning was the story that became
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wife. I know that sounds crazy in the 60s, but I was raised by my mother and grandmother, who really came out of that era, and talk about a rigid role-playing crowd! I couldn't imagine living through it. I just couldn't. I thought, 'Well, that would do it. I'd have to go
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Bannon retired from teaching and college administration at
California State University, Sacramento, in 1997, but tours the country visiting paperback-collecting conventions and speaking at colleges and universities about her writings and experiences. She was a guest of
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combined—a place where gay people could walk the crooked streets hand in hand." Meaker set up a meeting with Gold Medal Books editor Dick Carroll, who read Bannon's initial 600-page manuscript. It was a story about the women in her sorority whom she admired, with a
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did not feel she was free to live. "I realized very early that I should not marry, but I was going to make the best of a bad thing, and I was going to make it a good thing," she remembered. Having no practical experience in a lesbian relationship while writing
1041:, Laura expresses shame when accompanying Beebo outside of Greenwich Village, fearing Beebo will be arrested and jailed. Facing the end of their relationship, Beebo expresses the desire to be a man, if only to be able to marry Laura to give her a normal life.
1131:, one had to knock on the door and be recognized before being let in. In reality, women were not allowed to wear pants in some bars in New York City. Police raided bars and arrested everyone within regularly; a raid on a gay bar prompted the seminal
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In April 2008, Bannon appeared with the Seattle Women's Chorus in a performance called "Vixen Fiction". Bannon read excerpts of her work and discussed the effects of her writing on her own life and the lives of her readers. U.S. cable network
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Greenwich Village and not finding anyone like her, Bannon instead created her. She remembered, "I put Beebo together just as I wanted her, in my heart and mind ... She was just, quite literally, the butch of my dreams." The resolution to
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Bannon's books began to fade away from publishing memory after initial publication, especially after Gold Medal Books went out of business. In 1975, however, Bannon was asked to include four of her books in Arno Press's library edition of
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known, it might well have resulted in a much more polished product, but one that would have been so cautious and self-conscious as to be entirely forgettable. It would never—my best guess—have had the vibrant life it has now."
526:, she set out to gain what she termed "fieldwork experience" in her trips to Greenwich Village, and was successful enough to introduce those experiences into the next book in the series before relocating once more to Southern
334:, who began to distribute publications through newspapers, newsstands, grocery stores, and bus and train stations. The retail opportunities of paperback books grew about tenfold with this method. In 1950, rival company
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explicit and nuanced representations of sexuality in those paperbacks than could be found almost anywhere else". Author Suzana Danuta Walters represents the eroticism in Bannon's books as a form of rebellion. In the
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while simultaneously questioning if it is right, Loewenstein states "one hears quite clearly the voice of Ann Bannon, questioning her own right to happiness". Similarly, remarking on Bannon's treatment of Beebo in
815:, which she connects to repressing herself for so long. "You've got to think that it's connected, somehow. At the time I denied it fiercely, but I really think I beat myself up horribly, in ways I'll never know."
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who met punishment for their desires. Bannon's characters have been called "accessibly human", and still engrossing by contemporary standards compared to being "revolutionary" when first released. LGBT historian
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of her books: "I can understand that; they weren't there. To them some of it looks negative and some of it looks depressing. Although I didn't feel that way. I always felt excited when I was writing them."
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518:, it examined Laura's internal struggle in the realization that despite her femininity, she was deeply in love with another woman, and at the end she embraced it, which was rare in lesbian fiction.
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of possible trajectories to lesbianism ... Bannon, by constructing fictional biographies for her lesbian characters, produced a new knowledge about how one arrives at a lesbian identity."
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Since so little information was available about lesbians and lesbianism at the time, Bannon's books, through their far-reaching distribution and popularity served to form a part of a lesbian
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for another ten-week run in 2008. The play's writers commented on the difficulty of lesbian-themed works finding financial success. They were tempted to make it more appealing by turning to
243:, in 1932. She was the only child of her mother's first marriage. Her mother married again and had a son with her second husband. Her mother married a third time and had four more sons.
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of lesbian literature, but unlike conventional romance novels, her stories never really have neat and tidy conclusions. Hamer also takes note of Bannon's use of Freudian symbolism: in
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Her books shaped lesbian identity for lesbians and heterosexuals alike, but Bannon was mostly unaware of their impact. She stopped writing in 1962. Later, she earned a doctorate in
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from 1952, albeit in two different ways: she was unable to relate to the dismal tones in Hall's novel, but as a sorority girl was more familiar with the plot and circumstances of
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2008, that goes to authors whose careers have been distinguished by consistently well-written stories about lesbians. In May 2008, Bannon was given the Pioneer Award from the
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hosted small recitals for friends and neighbors. One became a character in her books: a perennial bachelor named Jack who slung jokes and witticisms at the audiences.
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but emotionally detached. Race, in this instance, is a "metaphor for the opposition between inside and outside that govern Bannon's sense of what a lesbian is".
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I knew I must have, a book as necessary to me as air ... I found it when I was eighteen years old. It opened the door to my soul and told me who I was."
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Literary scholar Yvonne Keller named Bannon as one of a small group of writers whose work formed the subgenre of "pro-lesbian" pulp fiction; others include
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1033:, Laura Landon's resistance to the idea that she may be homosexual lies in her own concept of femininity rather than any repugnance for loving women. In
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In 1997, Bannon's work was included in a collection of authors who had made the deepest impact on the lives and identities of gays and lesbians, titled
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conforming wife and mother, came this astonishingly open queer figment of fictional being, like molten material from some volcano of the lesbian soul."
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Keller, Yvonne (2005). "Was it right to love her brother's wife so passionately? Lesbian pulp novels and U.S. lesbian identity, 1950–1965".
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1200:(GLAAD) Media Award for "fair, accurate, and inclusive" portrayals of gay and lesbian people in New York Theater. In 2021 the Palm Springs
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forewords that described Bannon's experiences of writing the books and her reaction to their popularity, causing another wave of interest.
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Parks, Joy (Summer, 2003). "Sleaze Trash and Miracles: How Ann Bannon changed lesbian fiction by writing about the butch of her dreams".
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1301:, a collection of transcripts from the show. Bannon also speaks at gay-themed events around the country and is working on her memoirs.
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in 1999, discussing her reaction to the artwork on her own books and the other lesbian pulp fiction books she bought and read. Five of
547:.' As easy as it might be if you were a young woman in today's generation to think that was exaggerating, it wasn't. It was terrifying.
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Bannon was 22 years old when she began writing her first pulp novel. She was influenced by the only lesbian novels she had read,
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college courses. Bannon often admits to being surprised by this, explaining that she had no such aspirations when she was writing
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in 1992, which recounted women's personal stories of living as lesbians from the 1940s to 1960s. The books were selected for the
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I would sit there (in a gay bar) in the evenings thinking, 'What if (a police raid) happens tonight and I get hauled off to the
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at Sacramento State and later became associate dean of the School of Arts and Sciences—later the College of Arts and Letters.
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757:(my feeling that gays should end the secrecy and take more pride in themselves and their lives). I couldn't find a way."
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for me ... I think I was overwhelmed with grief and anger that I was not able to express," she recalled later.
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The gay & lesbian literary heritage: A reader's companion to the writers and their works from antiquity to present
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would send the books back to the publisher if homosexuality was depicted positively. The Postal Service relaxed their
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Paperback books in the United States expanded prominently after World War II through the marketing strategies of
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Lootens, Tricia (December 31, 1983). "Ann Bannon: A writer of lost lesbian fiction finds herself and her public".
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activist organization in Southern California. One of them was a chapter that had been cut from the final draft of
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Encyclopedia of pulp fiction writers: The essential guide to more than 200 pulp pioneers and mass-market masters
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Encyclopedia of Pulp Fiction Writers: The Essential Guide to More than 200 Pulp Pioneers and Mass-Market Masters
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completely flouted the trends of miserable lesbian fiction endings, which made Bannon a hero to many lesbians.
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published in 1960, again shows parallels between Bannon's own life and her plots. Beth, of Laura's affair in
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Weir, Angela, Wilson, E. (1992) "The Greyhound Bus Station in the Evolution of Lesbian Popular Culture". In
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in a production that ran for a month. The writers, Kate Moira Ryan and Linda S. Chapman, used material from
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Barale, Michele (Autumn, 1992). "When Jack Blinks: Si (gh) ting Gay Desire in Ann Bannon's 'Beebo Brinker
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not only for the heterosexual population at large, but lesbians themselves. Lesbian author and historian
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770:
380:, and Gold Medal Books were overwhelmed with mail from women who identified with the lesbian characters.
357:
trip at very little cost to the customer. Because of the low quality of production, they earned the name
32:
2631:
1258:
977:
self-hatred, though what remains at the end is "surprisingly ... passionate, tender, and erotic".
3085:
1127:
Bannon set her stories in and among gay bars in the 1950s and 1960s that were secret. As described in
2157:
955:
930:
634:
1536:
812:
2000:
Hamer, Diane (1990). "I Am a Woman: Ann Bannon and the Writing of Lesbian Identity in the 1950s".
1229:
865:
that she was shocked to find out that her characters were not only remembered but that they were
869:
among the lesbian community. The books are frequently on required reading lists for Women's and
3147:
2513:
Lyon, Phyllis (1956). "San Francisco Police raid reveals lack of knowledge of citizens rights"
2073:
514:
291:
2218:
Loewenstein, Andrea (May 24, 1980). "Sad Stories: A Reflection on the Fiction of Ann Bannon,"
633:
was also published in 1959 and proved very unpopular with Bannon's readers. The book examined
496:
in the mid-1950s, which gave Bannon a modicum of freedom in her plots. Although the ending to
1614:
1282:
714:
483:
156:
2129:
Pulp Politics: Strategies of Vision in Pro-Lesbian Pulp Novels, 1955-1965. The Queer Sixties
3142:
1143:
629:
617:
462:
448:
433:
358:
353:
194:
142:
128:
106:
2880:
2549:
2046:
Bannon, Ann (April 1962). "Scene From: The Story of Beebo Brinker: Beebo and Paula". ONE,
1947:
8:
2267:"Introduction to Cleis Press Edition: The Beebo Brinker Chronicles: Women In The Shadows"
1355:
1136:
778:
700:
340:
2862:
861:
Reacting to the renewed interest in the books, Bannon wrote in the 2002 introduction to
2483:
2161:
2113:
1379:
Nealon, Christopher (1995). "Invert-History: The ambivalence of Lesbian Pulp Fiction".
1269:
1009:
the promise of love, which Nealon equates to a final identity for Bannon's characters.
914:
807:
753:
745:
712:
Returning to the character she fantasized about the most, the last book in the series,
671:
664:
653:
in an attempt to live some semblance of what was considered a normal life at the time.
539:
349:
279:
247:
223:
149:
1586:
Lovisi, Gary (2003). "On writing Lesbian Pulp Fiction: An interview with Ann Bannon".
1501:
Leading the parade: Conversations with America's most influential lesbians and gay men
3010:
2993:
2972:
2958:
2944:
2930:
2765:
2688:
2578:
2460:
2440:
2133:
2005:
1966:
1891:
1793:
1642:
1504:
727:
624:
385:
271:
3070:
2266:
934:
345:
2664:
2182:
Nestle, Joan (1983). "Desire So Big It Had to Be Brave", Lesbian Herstory Archives.
1306:
1156:
820:
443:
335:
240:
64:
2744:
1435:
1132:
890:
886:
825:
594:
538:
with all these other women?' I had been extremely low profile, very proper, very
377:
206:
1465:
1093:. From the midst of a repressive era, from the pen of a very proper, scholarly,
2989:
2293:
2062:. Dir. Fernie, L., Weissman. Videocassette. Women Make Movies Home Video, 1994.
1735:
1265:
1244:
awarded Bannon a Certificate of Honor "for breaking new ground with works like
1069:
1061:
509:
487:
296:
283:
2361:
Weinstein, Jeff (October 1983). "In Praise of Pulp: Bannon's Lusty Lesbians,"
1431:"Ann Bannon, the Queen of Lesbian Pulp Fiction, Reveals Her Own Amazing Story"
3106:
3002:
1667:
1286:
1120:
1086:
855:
794:
705:
695:
638:
2594:
2402:
Walters, Suzanne (Fall-Winter 1989). "Her Hand Crept Slowly Up Her Thigh."
1619:
The Erotica Readers and Writers Association. Retrieved on December 2, 2007.
1180:
1176:
898:
870:
650:
584:
570:
559:
407:
389:
331:
227:
219:
135:
111:
1342:
Encyclopedia of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender History in America
438:
3045:
The Hourglass Group, with links to reviews of the Off-Broadway production
2848:"Ann Bannon, Malcolm Boyd, & Mark Thompson To Receive Pioneer Awards"
2832:
2817:
1294:
1193:
1189:
1115:
959:
894:
847:
798:
774:
530:. But she explained her fears about staying in Greenwich Village, saying
492:
314:
305:
214:
38:
2905:
Bannon, Ann (August 2002). "The story behind the classic lesbian pulp".
2684:"BWW Review: THE CHRONICLES OF BEEBO BRINKER at Desert Ensemble Theater"
1175:
to predominantly positive reviews. It was successful enough to be moved
2714:
918:
866:
642:
527:
479:
300:
3040:
episode of April 2006 does a report on Bannon and lesbian pulp fiction
3026:
791:
Homosexuality: Lesbians and Gay Men in Society, History and Literature
1984:
Bannon, Ann (August 25, 2003). Interview. "Fresh Air" from WHYY. NPR.
1768:"Top Sellers of 1957 Reported for Mass-Market and Trade Paperbacks",
1290:
1220:
782:
740:
470:
relationship. Marijane Meaker discusses this in the 2004 foreword of
397:
254:
202:
1566:
Tilchen, Maida (January 8, 1983). "Ann Bannon: The mystery solved!"
1212:
has optioned Bannon's novels for potential development as a series.
564:
3007:
Queer Pulp: Perverted Passions from the Golden Age of the Paperback
1814:. Dir. John Scagliotti. Videocassette. Before Stonewall, Inc. 1984.
500:
did not veer too far from the unsatisfactory resolution formula of
274:
963:
provided a cultural space that helped to forge a queer identity".
372:, eager to cash in on the unprecedented sales, and it sold almost
1225:
1004:. Because Laura has grown from the complete adoration of Beth in
719:
544:
402:
2847:
2294:"Introduction: The Beebo Brinker Chronicles: Journey to a Woman"
1224:
Bannon giving a presentation at the Elliott Bay Book Company in
981:
for themselves. Hamer writes, "What Bannon did was to provide a
388:, which made a significant impression on Bannon: she called it "
2969:
Foundlings: Lesbian and Gay Historical Emotion Before Stonewall
2095:
Irvine, Janice, et al. (January 14, 1984), "Community Voices".
1752:
Forrest, Katherine (February 2002) "Acts of individual valor".
1848:
Brandt, Kate (2003). "Ann Bannon: A 1950s icon rediscovered".
996:
The concept of a lesbian identity is also explored throughout
1611:"Beyond Beebo and the odd girl: An interview With Ann Bannon"
738:
In 1961 and 1962 Bannon also contributed several articles to
2599:
The Hourglass Group website. Retrieved on December 27, 2007.
1159:
company named The Hourglass Group produced an adaptation of
2727:
Seattle Women's Chorus website. Retrieved on April 10, 2008
535:
173:
2479:"Sapphic Pulp Fiction, life onstage in the New York Times"
2020:
Bannon, Ann (July 1961). "Secrets of the Gay Novel". ONE,
1466:"Introduction: The Beebo Brinker Chronicles: I Am A Woman"
840:
Strange Sisters: The Art of Lesbian Pulp Fiction 1949–1969
482:
after several First Amendment obscenity trials, including
193:, is an American author who, from 1957 to 1962, wrote six
1209:
818:
In 1984, Bannon's books were featured in the documentary
2530:
Martin, Del (1959). "The gay bar: Whose problem is it?"
2114:
Introduction: The Beebo Brinker Chronicles: Odd Girl Out
189:(born September 15, 1932), better known by her pen name
2762:
Particular Voices: Portraits of Gay and Lesbian Writers
1238:
Particular Voices: Portraits of Gay and Lesbian Writers
824:
about how gay men and lesbians lived prior to the 1969
831:
Forbidden Love: The Unashamed Stories of Lesbian Lives
2887:. Chico Community Publishing, Inc. September 27, 2007
1924:
Strang, Lennox (1959). "I Am a Woman" (book review);
2550:"Lesbian Pulp Fiction: The Beebo Brinker Chronicles"
2852:
Lambda Literary Foundation. Retrieved June 2, 2008.
2060:Forbidden Love: Unashamed Stories of Lesbian Lives
1944:"Out of the shadows: An interview with Ann Bannon"
1522:
1520:
1518:
1516:
2983:Twilight Tales: Ann Bannon's Lesbian Pulp Series
2033:Bannon, Ann (January 1961). "The Nice Kid". ONE,
1700:"Authors look back at the heyday of lesbian pulp"
3104:
587:(In Love With a Woman — Must Society Reject Me?)
2822:goldencrown.org. Retrieved on December 2, 2007.
1952:cleansheets.com. Retrieved on December 2, 2007.
1513:
1353:
838:in 1995. Bannon also provided the foreword for
418:
376:copies in 1952. Vin Packer, whose real name is
3138:University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign alumni
3118:California State University, Sacramento alumni
3086:Video interview with Bannon from February 2012
2837:Alice B Awards. Retrieved on February 7, 2008.
2619:afterllen.com. Retrieved on February 19, 2008.
2214:
2212:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2204:
1729:
1727:
1725:
1297:, and has also been featured in Gross's book,
2419:Levin, Jenifer (Spring 1995). "Beebo Lives".
1672:FrontList.com. Retrieved on December 2, 2007.
1395:Damon, Gene (1969). "The lesbian paperback".
2567:
2357:
2355:
2242:
2240:
2116:, annbannon.com. Retrieved on July 15, 2010.
1807:
1805:
1068:, Jack frequently mentions that he is being
406:raising two young children, Bannon lived in
2476:
2470:
2291:
2264:
2258:
2201:
2154:"Queer Covers: Lesbian Survival Literature"
2004:, Mark Lilly, ed. Temple University Press.
1835:Garland, David. Interview with Ann Bannon.
1722:
1463:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1198:Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation
988:Bannon also addresses the issue of race in
2881:"Best Sacramento legend to take the stage"
2398:
2396:
1863:
1861:
1831:
1829:
1604:
1602:
1600:
1503:. Scarecrow Press, Inc. pp. 155–163.
268:University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign
31:
2661:"Beebo and Bash'd Win GLAAD Media Awards"
2630:Robertson, Campbell (February 19, 2008).
2629:
2628:Robertson, Campbell (February 19, 2008).
2573:Forrest, Katherine (2005). Introduction.
2375:
2373:
2371:
2352:
2237:
2196:"Steamy gay pulp has shown staying power"
2053:
1882:
1880:
1802:
1784:
1782:
1582:
1580:
1429:Theobald, Stephanie (December 15, 2021).
1336:
1334:
1332:
1304:In a 2002 editorial written by Bannon in
2788:Sacramento State University State Hornet
2650:website. Retrieved on February 19, 2008.
2547:
2477:Blankenship, Mark (September 30, 2007).
2449:
2190:
2188:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1980:
1978:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1746:
1450:
1428:
1219:
1060:Diane Hamer likens Bannon's work to the
699:
563:
437:
253:
2681:
2611:""Beebo Brinker" Comes to Off Broadway"
2393:
1955:
1858:
1826:
1597:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1526:
1184:besides camp." The stage adaptation of
609:
3105:
2781:
2368:
2198:, SFGate.com. Retrieved July 10, 2008.
2176:
2125:
2089:
2071:
1961:Summers, Claude (2002). "Ann Bannon".
1918:
1877:
1842:
1779:
1697:
1675:
1637:Server, Lee (2002). "Tereska Torres".
1577:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1329:
850:again between 2001 and 2003—excluding
2754:
2672:website. Retrieved on March 22, 2008.
2185:
1987:
1975:
1900:
1706:. Pink Triangle Press. Archived from
656:
384:visited Meaker and was introduced to
3153:People with chronic fatigue syndrome
2730:
2300:from the original on January 4, 2008
2273:from the original on January 4, 2008
1551:
1472:from the original on January 4, 2008
1424:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1340:Elliott, Mary (2005). "Ann Bannon".
1254:Saints and Sinners Literary Festival
730:ten years before she meets Laura in
344:, a fictionalized account of author
3228:21st-century American women writers
3193:20th-century American women writers
3097:, Smith College Special Collections
2919:
2782:Fricke, Nicholas (April 20, 2005).
1484:
568:Original Gold Medal Books cover of
13:
3223:21st-century American LGBTQ people
2790:. The State Hornet. Archived from
2682:Kudukis, Kay (December 15, 2021).
2608:Williams, D. (February 17, 2008).
2119:
1886:Server, Lee (2002). "Ann Bannon".
1242:San Francisco Board of Supervisors
797:of the lesbian publishing company
752:. She was invited to speak to the
718:, published in 1962, was Bannon's
641:in matters of sexuality and race,
364:Gold Medal Books quickly followed
14:
3239:
3218:20th-century pseudonymous writers
3020:
2076:. Chico Community Publishing, Inc
1941:Dean, William (January 8, 2003).
1698:Luksic, Nikola (August 4, 2005).
1499:Cain, Paul (2007). "Ann Bannon".
1405:
1354:Costello, Becca (June 20, 2002).
1026:being "beautifully misembodied".
320:
239:Ann Bannon was born Ann Weldy in
3163:Linguists from the United States
2736:Caba, Susan (March/April 2010).
2548:Corthron, Kia (September 2007).
2421:Harvard Gay & Lesbian Review
1743:. Retrieved on December 2, 2007.
1313:
1275:
1268:as one of their 31 Icons of the
1083:Harvard Gay & Lesbian Review
687:
3113:20th-century American novelists
2899:
2873:
2855:
2840:
2825:
2814:"Golden Crown Literary Society"
2806:
2784:"Author receives faculty award"
2775:
2703:
2675:
2653:
2622:
2602:
2587:
2541:
2524:
2507:
2498:
2429:
2413:
2343:
2330:
2321:
2312:
2285:
2249:
2228:
2194:Nakao, Annie (August 8, 2002).
2146:
2106:
2065:
2040:
2027:
2014:
1935:
1817:
1762:
1691:
1652:
1631:
1622:
669:Her fourth book in the series,
551:
425:
222:production. They are taught in
3158:People from Hinsdale, Illinois
2595:"The Beebo Brinker Chronicles"
1389:
1373:
1347:
1150:
760:
1:
3128:Writers from Joliet, Illinois
3095:Mortimer Rare Book Collection
3091:Sally Taft Duplaix Collection
2751:. Retrieved on July 12, 2010.
2439:. Columbia University Press.
2072:Munger, Kel (April 7, 2005).
1322:
325:
234:
3052:The Beebo Brinker Chronicles
2985:The Beebo Brinker Chronicles
2967:Nealon, Christopher (2001).
2885:Sacramento News & Review
2132:. Routledge. pp. 1–25.
1788:Packer, Vin. "Introduction"
1360:Sacramento News & Review
1186:The Beebo Brinker Chronicles
1161:The Beebo Brinker Chronicles
1103:The Beebo Brinker Chronicles
1023:The Beebo Brinker Chronicles
844:The Beebo Brinker Chronicles
545:jump off the Brooklyn Bridge
420:The Beebo Brinker Chronicles
348:' experience serving in the
199:The Beebo Brinker Chronicles
7:
1527:Forrest, Katherine (2002).
949:
836:Quality Paperback Book Club
771:Sacramento State University
457:The Beebo Brinker Chronicle
10:
3244:
3183:LGBTQ people from Illinois
3168:Pseudonymous women writers
3133:Stanford University alumni
3050:Playbill announcement for
2711:"Vixen Fiction/Siren Song"
1264:In 2012, she was named by
1259:Lambda Literary Foundation
726:. It follows Beebo around
693:
662:
615:
557:
431:
210:homosexual relationships.
3173:American LGBTQ scientists
3027:Author's official website
2971:, Duke University Press.
2738:Beebo's Significant Other
2577:By Forrest. Cleis Press.
2363:Voice Literary Supplement
2158:Lesbian Herstory Archives
1215:
1135:in 1969 that started the
1108:
1016:
944:
635:interracial relationships
246:Bannon grew up in nearby
171:
166:
120:
99:
91:
71:
46:
30:
23:
3203:American erotica writers
3198:American women novelists
3188:American women linguists
3178:American LGBTQ novelists
3123:American lesbian writers
2455:Rutledge, Leigh (2002).
1839:WNYC. November 26, 2006.
1051:
813:chronic fatigue syndrome
258:Bannon in 1955, just as
3213:Novelists from Illinois
2632:"'Black Watch' Returns"
2459:. Alyson Publications.
2126:Keller, Yvonne (1999).
2002:Lesbian and Gay Writing
1202:Desert Ensemble Theatre
2863:"Ann Bannon biography"
2760:Giard, Robert (1997).
2743:June 17, 2010, at the
2160:. 2008. Archived from
1670:on September 28, 2007.
1608:Dean, William (2002).
1233:
709:
575:
549:
515:The Well of Loneliness
486:and another regarding
453:
292:The Well of Loneliness
263:
3208:Women erotica writers
2981:Sky, Melissa (2010).
2575:Lesbian Pulp Fiction.
2437:New Lesbian Criticism
1792:. Cleis Press, 2004.
1539:on September 27, 2007
1283:National Public Radio
1223:
781:. She was an English
773:and her doctorate in
703:
567:
532:
484:Roth v. United States
441:
257:
3067:from AfterEllen.com"
2953:Bannon, Ann (2002),
2939:Bannon, Ann (2001),
2925:Bannon, Ann (2001),
2833:"2008 Award Winners"
2338:Women in the Shadows
2292:Bannon, Ann (2003).
2265:Bannon, Ann (2003).
2112:Bannon, Ann (2002).
1772:(January 20, 1958),
1733:Bannon, Ann (2001).
1617:on October 23, 2007.
1464:Bannon, Ann (2002).
1381:New Literary History
1289:-winning talk show "
1250:Women in the Shadows
1169:Women in the Shadows
1144:Katherine V. Forrest
1089:writes, "Know this:
1044:Bannon's last book,
1039:Women in the Shadows
1002:Women in the Shadows
990:Women in the Shadows
974:Women in the Shadows
750:Women in the Shadows
744:, the magazine of a
630:Women in the Shadows
618:Women in the Shadows
611:Women in the Shadows
434:Odd Girl Out (novel)
354:Fawcett Publications
195:lesbian pulp fiction
143:Women in the Shadows
107:Lesbian pulp fiction
3009:, Chronicle Books.
2717:on October 19, 2007
1950:on October 4, 2007.
1890:. Checkmark Books.
1204:produced the play.
1137:gay rights movement
779:Stanford University
452:, published in 1957
262:was being completed
3059:"A 2006 review of
2867:LGBT History Month
2667:on March 22, 2008.
2648:The New York Times
2636:The New York Times
2617:on March 17, 2008.
2484:The New York Times
2220:Gay Community News
2097:Gay Community News
2074:"Paperback writer"
1770:Publishers' Weekly
1754:Lambda Book Report
1683:American Quarterly
1664:by Tereska Torres"
1641:. Checkmark Books
1568:Gay Community News
1533:Lambda Book Report
1402:(9/10): pp. 18–23.
1270:LGBT History Month
1234:
1173:Journey to a Woman
1021:All five books of
998:Journey to a Woman
754:Mattachine Society
710:
672:Journey to a Woman
665:Journey to a Woman
658:Journey to a Woman
576:
454:
350:Free French Forces
280:Johnny Weissmuller
264:
150:Journey to a Woman
59:September 15, 1932
2998:978-3-639-22636-2
2794:on March 16, 2008
2749:Stanford Magazine
2689:BroadwayWorld.com
2554:The Brooklyn Rail
2296:. annbannon.com.
2269:. annbannon.com.
2164:on March 25, 2020
2139:978-1-136-68361-9
1798:978-1-57344-187-2
1468:. annbannon.com.
1299:All I Did Was Ask
1196:, and it won the
846:were reissued by
793:. Then, in 1983,
728:Greenwich Village
625:nervous breakdown
476:postal inspectors
386:Greenwich Village
272:Kappa Kappa Gamma
184:
183:
3235:
3082:
3080:
3078:
3069:. Archived from
2920:References cited
2913:
2903:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2892:
2877:
2871:
2870:
2859:
2853:
2851:
2844:
2838:
2836:
2829:
2823:
2821:
2820:on May 13, 2008.
2816:. Archived from
2810:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2799:
2779:
2773:
2758:
2752:
2734:
2728:
2726:
2724:
2722:
2713:. Archived from
2707:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2696:
2679:
2673:
2668:
2663:. Archived from
2657:
2651:
2646:
2644:
2642:
2626:
2620:
2618:
2613:. Archived from
2606:
2600:
2598:
2591:
2585:
2571:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2545:
2539:
2538:(3) 1–13, 24–25.
2528:
2522:
2511:
2505:
2502:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2491:
2474:
2468:
2453:
2447:
2433:
2427:
2417:
2411:
2400:
2391:
2385:Feminist Studies
2382:
2377:
2366:
2359:
2350:
2347:
2341:
2334:
2328:
2325:
2319:
2316:
2310:
2309:
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2289:
2283:
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2262:
2256:
2253:
2247:
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2235:
2232:
2226:
2216:
2199:
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2183:
2180:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2123:
2117:
2110:
2104:
2093:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2069:
2063:
2057:
2051:
2044:
2038:
2031:
2025:
2018:
2012:
1998:
1985:
1982:
1973:
1959:
1953:
1951:
1946:. Archived from
1939:
1933:
1922:
1916:
1909:
1898:
1884:
1875:
1865:
1856:
1850:Paperback Parade
1846:
1840:
1837:Spinning on Air.
1833:
1824:
1821:
1815:
1812:Before Stonewall
1809:
1800:
1786:
1777:
1766:
1760:
1750:
1744:
1739:
1731:
1720:
1719:
1717:
1715:
1710:on March 6, 2012
1695:
1689:
1679:
1673:
1671:
1666:. Archived from
1662:Women's Barracks
1656:
1650:
1635:
1629:
1626:
1620:
1618:
1613:. Archived from
1606:
1595:
1588:Paperback Parade
1584:
1575:
1564:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1535:. Archived from
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1386:(4): pp. 745–64.
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1188:was produced by
1157:off-off-Broadway
1101:significance of
856:autobiographical
821:Before Stonewall
578:Bannon followed
506:Women's Barracks
444:Gold Medal Books
375:
366:Women's Barracks
341:Women's Barracks
336:Gold Medal Books
270:she belonged to
241:Joliet, Illinois
197:novels known as
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65:Joliet, Illinois
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3074:
3073:on May 18, 2011
3057:
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2992:, SaarbrĂĽcken.
2957:, Cleis Press.
2943:, Cleis Press.
2929:, Cleis Press.
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2745:Wayback Machine
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2504:Stryker, p. 61.
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2457:The Gay Decades
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2390:(3) pp. 533–549
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1823:Sky, pp. 15–16.
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1776:(3), pp. 47–51.
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1362:
1356:"Pulp friction"
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1240:. In 2000, the
1218:
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1133:Stonewall riots
1111:
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891:Paula Christian
826:Stonewall riots
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3021:External links
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3018:
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3003:Stryker, Susan
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1932:(5) pp. 16–17.
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1869:Off Our Backs.
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935:Tereska Torres
931:Valerie Taylor
899:March Hastings
887:Sloane Britain
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694:Main article:
691:
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663:Main article:
660:
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616:Main article:
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558:Main article:
555:
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510:Radclyffe Hall
488:Allen Ginsberg
432:Main article:
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346:Tereska Torrès
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321:Writing career
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299:from 1928 and
297:Radclyffe Hall
284:Ingrid Bergman
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2764:. MIT Press.
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2011:
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2007:
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1991:
1981:
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1971:0-415-92926-1
1968:
1965:. Routledge.
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1276:In retirement
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767:Beebo Brinker
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732:I Am a Woman.
729:
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721:
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715:Beebo Brinker
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706:Beebo Brinker
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690:
689:Beebo Brinker
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639:self-loathing
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61:(age 92)
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3100:
3075:. Retrieved
3071:the original
3064:
3061:Odd Girl Out
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3051:
3037:
3006:
2986:
2982:
2968:
2955:I Am a Woman
2954:
2941:Odd Girl Out
2940:
2926:
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2906:
2901:
2889:. Retrieved
2884:
2875:
2866:
2857:
2842:
2827:
2818:the original
2808:
2796:. Retrieved
2792:the original
2787:
2777:
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2756:
2748:
2732:
2719:. Retrieved
2715:the original
2705:
2695:December 23,
2693:. Retrieved
2687:
2677:
2669:
2665:the original
2655:
2647:
2639:. Retrieved
2635:
2624:
2615:the original
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2569:
2557:. Retrieved
2553:
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2488:. Retrieved
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2345:
2340:, pp. 28–29.
2337:
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2314:
2302:. Retrieved
2287:
2275:. Retrieved
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2178:
2166:. Retrieved
2162:the original
2148:
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1948:the original
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1741:Odd Girl Out
1740:
1712:. Retrieved
1708:the original
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1668:the original
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1624:
1615:the original
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1571:
1567:
1541:. Retrieved
1537:the original
1532:
1529:"Ann Bannon"
1500:
1474:. Retrieved
1442:December 15,
1440:. Retrieved
1434:
1399:
1396:
1391:
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1375:
1363:. Retrieved
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1246:Odd Girl Out
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1177:Off Broadway
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1155:In 2007, an
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911:Rea Michaels
907:Della Martin
903:Marjorie Lee
884:
878:
875:Odd Girl Out
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871:LGBT studies
863:Odd Girl Out
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852:The Marriage
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764:
749:
739:
737:
731:
724:Odd Girl Out
723:
713:
711:
688:
682:The Marriage
681:
678:Odd Girl Out
677:
670:
668:
657:
651:heterosexual
628:
621:
610:
604:
600:I Am a Woman
599:
591:I Am a Woman
590:
585:I Am a Woman
583:
580:Odd Girl Out
579:
577:
571:I Am a Woman
569:
560:I Am a Woman
553:I Am a Woman
552:
533:
524:Odd Girl Out
523:
520:
513:
505:
501:
498:Odd Girl Out
497:
491:
471:
468:
463:Odd Girl Out
461:
456:
455:
449:Odd Girl Out
447:
427:Odd Girl Out
426:
419:
413:Odd Girl Out
412:
408:Philadelphia
390:Emerald City
382:
369:
365:
363:
359:pulp fiction
339:
332:Pocket Books
329:
310:
304:
290:
288:
265:
260:Odd Girl Out
259:
245:
238:
228:LGBT studies
220:Off-Broadway
212:
198:
190:
186:
185:
155:
148:
141:
136:I Am a Woman
134:
129:Odd Girl Out
127:
112:LGBT history
95:1957–present
18:
3143:1932 births
3038:In the Life
3032:Cleis Press
2891:December 2,
2798:December 2,
2559:December 2,
2490:December 2,
2404:Social Text
2304:December 2,
2277:December 2,
2080:December 2,
1913:Velvet Park
1874:(11) p. 12.
1790:Spring Fire
1714:December 2,
1628:Sky, p. 15.
1543:December 2,
1476:December 2,
1365:December 2,
1295:Terry Gross
1194:Jane Wagner
1190:Lily Tomlin
1151:Adaptations
1116:stereotypes
1091:Beebo lives
960:Joan Nestle
923:Randy Salem
848:Cleis Press
799:Naiad Press
775:linguistics
761:Rediscovery
502:Spring Fire
472:Spring Fire
374:1.5 million
370:Spring Fire
311:Spring Fire
306:Spring Fire
215:linguistics
39:Tee Corinne
3107:Categories
3077:August 14,
2990:VDM Verlag
2912:(5) 48–50.
2532:The Ladder
2515:The Ladder
2426:(1) p. 53.
2050:(4) p. 14.
2037:(1) p. 22.
1926:The Ladder
1397:The Ladder
1323:References
1230:Washington
919:Vin Packer
895:Joan Ellis
867:archetypes
643:alcoholism
528:California
480:censorship
394:Wonderland
338:published
326:Background
301:Vin Packer
235:Early life
231:Lesbian".
191:Ann Bannon
176:.annbannon
72:Occupation
55:1932-09-15
25:Ann Bannon
2721:April 10,
2024:(7) 6–12.
1759:(7) 6–10.
1291:Fresh Air
1095:seemingly
783:professor
746:homophile
741:ONE, Inc.
708:by Bannon
704:Cover of
589:in 1959.
574:from 1959
540:Victorian
446:cover of
442:Original
398:Brigadoon
203:archetype
187:Ann Weldy
81:professor
50:Ann Weldy
37:Photo by
3005:(2001).
2741:Archived
2670:Playbill
2641:April 7,
2336:Bannon,
2298:Archived
2271:Archived
2168:July 11,
1915:; 42–43.
1470:Archived
956:identity
950:Identity
877:: "If I
315:Barbizon
275:sorority
248:Hinsdale
3093:at the
2410:83–101.
2103:(25) 4.
1574:(25) 8.
1293:" with
1232:in 2002
1226:Seattle
1142:Author
720:prequel
403:subplot
266:At the
224:women's
167:Website
3013:
2996:
2975:
2961:
2947:
2933:
2768:
2581:
2521:(2) 5.
2463:
2443:
2365:, 8–9.
2136:
2008:
1969:
1894:
1855:39–45.
1796:
1645:
1594:20–39.
1507:
1216:Honors
1109:Legacy
1017:Gender
945:Themes
937:, and
854:—with
765:After
508:, and
396:, and
92:Period
78:Writer
67:, U.S.
41:, 1983
1307:Curve
1052:Style
983:range
595:butch
582:with
368:with
207:butch
205:of a
100:Genre
3079:2007
3063:and
3011:ISBN
2994:ISBN
2973:ISBN
2959:ISBN
2945:ISBN
2931:ISBN
2893:2007
2800:2007
2766:ISBN
2723:2008
2697:2021
2643:2010
2579:ISBN
2561:2007
2492:2007
2461:ISBN
2441:ISBN
2306:2007
2279:2007
2170:2008
2134:ISBN
2082:2007
2006:ISBN
1967:ISBN
1892:ISBN
1794:ISBN
1716:2007
1643:ISBN
1545:2007
1505:ISBN
1478:2007
1444:2021
1367:2007
1248:and
1192:and
1181:camp
1171:and
647:pass
536:slam
493:Howl
317:.”
282:and
226:and
178:.com
47:Born
1774:173
1285:'s
1210:HBO
1029:In
879:had
777:at
722:to
649:as
512:'s
490:'s
415:."
303:'s
295:by
174:www
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