238:(DRB4*01), DRB1*0402, DQA1*03, and possibly DQB1*0302. All of these alleles are in linkage disequilibrium in the DRB4*01:DRB1*0402:DQA1*0301:DQB1*0302 haplotype, also called DR4-DQ8 and also the DQA1:0303:DQB1*0301 haplotype, DR4-DQ7.3. However, in European Americans which reflects a broad area of Europe in which the original studies were conducted only DR4(0402)-
206:
which inhibits agglutination in the presence of thrombin. A subset of AHAA appear to mimic the activity of lupus anticoagulant and increase Apo-H binding to phospholipids. These two activities can be differentiated by the binding to Apo-H domains, whereas binding to the 5th domain promotes that
217:
AAHA also inhibited the autoactivation of factor XII while at high AAHA concentrations, factor XIIa activation increases at levels comparable to Apo-H that cause inhibition of factor XIIa activation. A synchronized inhibition of factor XII autoactivation by Apo-H and AHAA has been suggested.
201:
that specifically interacts with Apo-H. AHAA only inhibits the anti-coagulation activity in the presence of Apo-H and the AAHA component of ACLA correlates with a history of frequent thrombosis. This can be contrasted with
591:
Ioannidis JP, Tektonidou MG, Vlachoyiannopoulos PG, et al. (1999). "HLA associations of anti-beta2 glycoprotein I response in a Greek cohort with antiphospholipid syndrome and meta-analysis of four ethnic groups".
196:
antibodies bind phospholipids at sites similar to sites bound by anti-coagulants such as PAP1 sites and augment anti-coagulation activity. This contrasts with the major, specific, activity of AAHA, defining a subset of
555:
Galeazzi M, Sebastiani GD, Tincani A, et al. (2000). "HLA class II alleles associations of anticardiolipin and anti-beta2GPI antibodies in a large series of
European patients with systemic lupus erythematosus".
627:
Klitz W, Maiers M, Spellman S, et al. (2003). "New HLA haplotype frequency reference standards: high-resolution and large sample typing of HLA DR-DQ haplotypes in a sample of
European Americans".
520:
Hattori N, Kuwana M, Kaburaki J, Mimori T, Ikeda Y, Kawakami Y (2000). "T cells that are autoreactive to beta2-glycoprotein I in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome and healthy individuals".
485:
Schousboe I, Rasmussen MS (1995). "Synchronized inhibition of the phospholipid mediated autoactivation of factor XII in plasma by beta 2-glycoprotein I and anti-beta 2-glycoprotein I".
331:
Galli M, Bevers EM, Comfurius P, Barbui T, Zwaal RF (1993). "Effect of antiphospholipid antibodies on procoagulant activity of activated platelets and platelet-derived microvesicles".
450:
Shi W, Chong BH, Hogg PJ, Chesterman CN (1993). "Anticardiolipin antibodies block the inhibition by beta 2-glycoprotein I of the factor Xa generating activity of platelets".
366:
Tsutsumi A, Matsuura E, Ichikawa K, et al. (1996). "Antibodies to beta 2-glycoprotein I and clinical manifestations in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus".
181:. These antibodies are involved in sclerosis and are strongly associated with thrombotic forms of lupus. As a result, AAHA are strongly implicated in autoimmune
403:"Anti-beta2-glycoprotein I (beta2GPI) monoclonal antibodies with lupus anticoagulant-like activity enhance the beta2GPI binding to phospholipids"
883:
680:
949:
214:
inhibition by Apo-H increasing factor Xa generation. However, like Apo-H the Lupus anticoagulant inhibits factor Xa generation.
833:
533:
888:
922:
862:
713:
750:
740:
207:
anti-coagulant activity binding to the more N-terminal domains promotes lupus anticoagulant-like activities.
248:
may also be associated with these antibodies and the common haplotype association is the HLA-DR53 serotype.
673:
878:
850:
813:
805:
733:
198:
174:
781:
765:
967:
706:
193:
904:
770:
993:
927:
795:
666:
234:
appears to play a role in the pathogenic AAHA production. The alleles primarily recognized are
855:
723:
697:
57:
938:
182:
110:
8:
909:
718:
294:"Phospholipid binding of antiphospholipid antibodies and placental anticoagulant protein"
203:
189:
178:
115:
344:
154:
605:
427:
402:
944:
644:
640:
609:
573:
537:
502:
467:
432:
383:
348:
313:
274:
15:
636:
601:
565:
529:
494:
459:
422:
414:
375:
340:
305:
45:
916:
569:
987:
689:
648:
613:
577:
541:
498:
463:
379:
20:
506:
471:
436:
387:
352:
317:
278:
788:
309:
105:
418:
824:
760:
590:
292:
Sammaritano LR, Gharavi AE, Soberano C, Levy RA, Lockshin MD (1992).
211:
293:
745:
235:
138:
658:
534:
10.1002/1529-0131(200001)43:1<65::AID-ANR9>3.0.CO;2-I
245:
239:
231:
227:
128:
124:
843:
838:
291:
242:
was found, indicating that the entire haplotype is involved.
519:
330:
755:
554:
365:
449:
267:
Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des
Sciences, Série III
626:
188:Also, it was proposed that AAHA is responsible for
484:
401:Takeya H, Mori T, Gabazza EC, et al. (1997).
400:
985:
264:
674:
620:
584:
548:
513:
681:
667:
478:
443:
394:
359:
324:
285:
258:
426:
265:Viard JP, Amoura Z, Bach JF (1991). "".
27:
986:
662:
13:
688:
345:10.1111/j.1365-2141.1993.tb04672.x
14:
1005:
641:10.1034/j.1399-0039.2003.00103.x
1:
606:10.1016/S0198-8859(99)00122-6
251:
116:Systemic lupus erythematosus
7:
834:Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic
806:Anti-mitochondrial antibody
221:
199:anti-cardiolipin antibodies
175:anti-cardiolipin antibodies
10:
1010:
950:Anti-citrullinated peptide
570:10.1177/096120330000900109
165:) antibodies, also called
960:
897:
871:
822:
804:
741:Anti-topoisomerase/Scl-70
696:
171:glycoprotein I antibodies
55:
52:
43:
38:
18:
863:Anti-TPO/Antimicrosomal
173:, comprise a subset of
499:10.1055/s-0038-1653871
464:10.1055/s-0038-1649577
380:10.1002/art.1780390905
923:Anti-transglutaminase
698:Anti-nuclear antibody
210:AAHA interferes with
159:anti-apolipoprotein H
183:deep vein thrombosis
28:Anti-Apolipoprotein,
973:Anti-apolipoprotein
910:Lupus anticoagulant
204:lupus anticoagulant
190:lupus anticoagulant
179:lupus anticoagulant
961:Multiple locations
851:Anti-smooth muscle
310:10.1007/BF00918270
155:autoimmune disease
981:
980:
968:Anti-phospholipid
945:Rheumatoid factor
419:10.1172/JCI119401
151:
150:
65:Affected organ(s)
1001:
930:not autoantibody
879:Anti-ganglioside
814:Anti-cardiolipin
683:
676:
669:
660:
659:
653:
652:
624:
618:
617:
588:
582:
581:
552:
546:
545:
517:
511:
510:
482:
476:
475:
447:
441:
440:
430:
398:
392:
391:
363:
357:
356:
328:
322:
321:
298:J. Clin. Immunol
289:
283:
282:
262:
194:antiphospholipid
147:DRB1*0402 (DR4)
135:HLA associations
86:blood platelets
83:Affected cell(s)
53:Autoantigen gene
46:Apolipoprotein H
16:
1009:
1008:
1004:
1003:
1002:
1000:
999:
998:
984:
983:
982:
977:
956:
917:Coeliac disease
893:
867:
818:
800:
782:Anti-centromere
692:
687:
657:
656:
629:Tissue Antigens
625:
621:
600:(12): 1274–80.
589:
585:
553:
549:
522:Arthritis Rheum
518:
514:
487:Thromb. Haemost
483:
479:
452:Thromb. Haemost
448:
444:
407:J. Clin. Invest
399:
395:
368:Arthritis Rheum
364:
360:
333:Br. J. Haematol
329:
325:
290:
286:
263:
259:
254:
224:
170:
114:
109:
100:
94:serum proteins
74:
68:Cardiovascular
40:
34:Glycoprotein 1
33:
29:
12:
11:
5:
1007:
997:
996:
994:Autoantibodies
979:
978:
976:
975:
970:
964:
962:
958:
957:
955:
954:
953:
952:
947:
934:
933:
932:
931:
925:
913:
912:
907:
901:
899:
895:
894:
892:
891:
889:Anti-glutamate
886:
881:
875:
873:
869:
868:
866:
865:
860:
859:
858:
848:
847:
846:
841:
830:
828:
820:
819:
817:
816:
810:
808:
802:
801:
799:
798:
792:
791:
785:
784:
778:
777:
776:
775:
774:
773:
768:
763:
758:
748:
743:
729:
728:
727:
726:
721:
716:
702:
700:
694:
693:
690:Autoantibodies
686:
685:
678:
671:
663:
655:
654:
635:(4): 296–307.
619:
583:
547:
512:
493:(5): 798–804.
477:
442:
393:
374:(9): 1466–74.
358:
323:
284:
273:(13): 607–12.
256:
255:
253:
250:
226:The haplotype
223:
220:
168:
149:
148:
145:
142:
141:
136:
132:
131:
122:
119:
118:
102:
96:
95:
92:
88:
87:
84:
80:
79:
76:
70:
69:
66:
62:
61:
54:
50:
49:
42:
36:
35:
31:
25:
24:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1006:
995:
992:
991:
989:
974:
971:
969:
966:
965:
963:
959:
951:
948:
946:
943:
942:
941:
940:
936:
935:
929:
926:
924:
921:
920:
918:
915:
914:
911:
908:
906:
905:Anti-thrombin
903:
902:
900:
898:Extracellular
896:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
876:
874:
872:Cell membrane
870:
864:
861:
857:
854:
853:
852:
849:
845:
842:
840:
837:
836:
835:
832:
831:
829:
826:
821:
815:
812:
811:
809:
807:
803:
797:
794:
793:
790:
787:
786:
783:
780:
779:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
753:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
738:
737:
735:
731:
730:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
711:
710:
708:
704:
703:
701:
699:
695:
691:
684:
679:
677:
672:
670:
665:
664:
661:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
623:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
587:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
551:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
516:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
481:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
446:
438:
434:
429:
424:
420:
416:
413:(9): 2260–8.
412:
408:
404:
397:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
362:
354:
350:
346:
342:
339:(3): 466–72.
338:
334:
327:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
288:
280:
276:
272:
269:(in French).
268:
261:
257:
249:
247:
243:
241:
237:
233:
229:
219:
215:
213:
208:
205:
200:
195:
191:
186:
184:
180:
176:
172:
164:
160:
156:
146:
144:
143:
140:
137:
134:
133:
130:
126:
123:
121:
120:
117:
112:
107:
103:
98:
97:
93:
91:Also Affected
90:
89:
85:
82:
81:
77:
72:
71:
67:
64:
63:
60:
59:
51:
48:
47:
37:
26:
23:
22:
17:
972:
937:
928:Anti-gliadin
796:Anti-histone
732:
705:
632:
628:
622:
597:
594:Hum. Immunol
593:
586:
564:(1): 47–55.
561:
557:
550:
528:(1): 65–75.
525:
521:
515:
490:
486:
480:
458:(2): 342–5.
455:
451:
445:
410:
406:
396:
371:
367:
361:
336:
332:
326:
304:(1): 27–35.
301:
297:
287:
270:
266:
260:
244:
225:
216:
209:
187:
166:
162:
158:
152:
56:
44:
21:Autoantibody
19:
192:. However,
104:Idiopathic
39:Autoantigen
856:Anti-actin
789:Anti-dsDNA
724:Anti-sp100
714:Anti-gp210
252:References
106:Thrombosis
101:Disease(s)
99:Associated
825:cytoplasm
761:Anti-nRNP
212:factor Xa
111:Sclerosis
75:tissue(s)
988:Category
884:Anti-GBM
827:antibody
746:Anti-Jo1
719:Anti-p62
649:12974796
614:10626742
578:10715100
542:10643701
236:HLA-DR53
222:Genetics
73:Affected
771:Anti-La
766:Anti-Ro
756:Anti-Sm
507:7482406
472:8236146
437:9151800
388:8814057
353:8485053
318:1372614
279:1782567
246:HLA-DR7
228:HLA-DR4
41:Isoform
844:P-ANCA
839:C-ANCA
647:
612:
576:
540:
505:
470:
435:
428:508058
425:
386:
351:
316:
277:
167:anti-β
78:serum
823:Anti-
558:Lupus
751:ENA4
645:PMID
610:PMID
574:PMID
538:PMID
503:PMID
468:PMID
433:PMID
384:PMID
349:PMID
314:PMID
275:PMID
177:and
163:AAHA
139:DR53
58:APOH
734:ENA
707:PBC
637:doi
602:doi
566:doi
530:doi
495:doi
460:doi
423:PMC
415:doi
376:doi
341:doi
306:doi
271:313
240:DQ8
232:DQ3
153:In
129:DQ3
125:DR4
990::
939:RA
919::
643:.
633:62
631:.
608:.
598:60
596:.
572:.
560:.
536:.
526:43
524:.
501:.
491:73
489:.
466:.
456:70
454:.
431:.
421:.
411:99
409:.
405:.
382:.
372:39
370:.
347:.
337:83
335:.
312:.
302:12
300:.
296:.
185:.
157:,
113:,
30:β-
736::
709::
682:e
675:t
668:v
651:.
639::
616:.
604::
580:.
568::
562:9
544:.
532::
509:.
497::
474:.
462::
439:.
417::
390:.
378::
355:.
343::
320:.
308::
281:.
230:-
169:2
161:(
127:-
108:,
32:2
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