1567:
2122:. After surgery with preventive treatment, VTE develops in about 10 of 1000 people after total or partial knee replacement, and in about 5 of 1000 after total or partial hip replacement. About 400,000 Americans develop an initial VTE each year, with 100,000 deaths or more attributable to PE. Asian, Asian-American, Native American, and Hispanic individuals have a lower VTE risk than Whites or Blacks. Populations in Asia have VTE rates at 15 to 20% of what is seen in Western countries, with an increase in incidence seen over time. In North American and European populations, around 4–8% of people have a thrombophilia, most commonly factor V leiden and prothrombin G20210A. For populations in China, Japan, and Thailand, deficiences in protein S, protein C, and antithrombin predominate. Non-O blood type is present in around 50% of the general population and
1725:. When proximal DVT is provoked by surgery or trauma a 3-month course of anticoagulation is standard. When a first VTE is proximal DVT that is either unprovoked or associated with transient non-surgical risk factor, low-dose anticoagulation beyond 3 to 6 months might be used. In those with an annual risk of VTE in excess of 9%, as after an unprovoked episode, extended anticoagulation is a possibility. Those who finish warfarin treatment after idiopathic VTE with an elevated D-dimer level show an increased risk of recurrent VTE (about 9% vs about 4% for normal results), and this result might be used in clinical decision making. Thrombophilia test results rarely play a role in the length of treatment.
1602:
1922:(not possible), or if someone develops a PE despite being anticoagulated. However, a 2020 NICE review found "little good evidence" for their use. A 2018 study associated IVC filter placement with a 50% reduction in PE, a 70% increase in DVT, and an 18% increase in 30 day mortality when compared to no IVC placement. Other studies including a systematic review and meta-analysis did not find a difference in mortality with IVC placement. If someone develops a PE despite being anticoagulated, care should be given to optimize anticoagulation treatment and address other related concerns before considering IVC filter placement.
1673:. Some oral medicines are sufficient when taken alone, while others require the use of an additional parenteral blood thinner. Rivaroxaban and apixaban are the typical first-line medicines, and they are sufficient when taken orally. Rivaroxaban is taken once daily, and apixaban is taken twice daily. Warfarin, dabigatran, and edoxaban require the use of a parenteral anticoagulant to initiate oral anticoagulant therapy. When warfarin is initiated for VTE treatment, a 5-day minimum of a parenteral anticoagulant together with warfarin is given, which is followed by warfarin-only therapy. Warfarin is taken to maintain an
2077:
passengers, but the effect on symptomatic DVT, PE, or mortality is unknown, as none of the individuals studied developed these outcomes. However, graduated compression stockings are not suggested for long-haul travelers (>4 hours) without risk factors for VTE. Likewise, neither aspirin nor anticoagulants are suggested in the general population undertaking long-haul travel. Those with significant VTE risk factors undertaking long-haul travel are suggested to use either graduated compression stockings or LMWH for VTE prevention. If neither of these two methods are feasible, then aspirin is suggested.
969:
1622:. However, treatment varies depending upon the location of DVT. For example, in cases of isolated distal DVT, ultrasound surveillance (a second ultrasound after 2 weeks to check for proximal clots), might be used instead of anticoagulation. Although, those with isolated distal DVT at a high-risk of VTE recurrence are typically anticoagulated as if they had proximal DVT. Those at a low-risk for recurrence might receive a four to six week course of anticoagulation, lower doses, or no anticoagulation at all. In contrast, those with proximal DVT should receive at least 3 months of anticoagulation.
1122:
442:
49:
1171:
1884:
799:
2139:
713:
1239:
1566:
1555:
2115:
0.07 to 0.49 out of 10,000 children annually. Meanwhile, almost 1% of those aged 85 and above experience VTE each year. About 60% of all VTEs occur in those 70 years of age or older. Incidence is about 18% higher in males than in females, though there are ages when VTE is more prevalent in women. VTE occurs in association with hospitalization or nursing home residence about 60% of the time, active cancer about 20% of the time, and a central venous catheter or transvenous pacemaker about 9% of the time.
2069:
1907:
645:
1868:
2230:
1686:
1590:
633:
617:
2268:
1852:
1695:
1883:
2013:
1316:. The numerical result (possible score −2 to 9) is most commonly grouped into either "unlikely" or "likely" categories. A Wells score of two or more means DVT is considered "likely" (about a 28% chance), while those with a lower score are considered "unlikely" to have DVT (about a 6% chance). In those unlikely to have DVT, a diagnosis is excluded by a negative D-dimer blood test. In people with likely DVT,
1190:, but clotting in the veins mostly occurs without any such mechanical damage. The beginning of venous thrombosis is thought to arise from "activation of endothelial cells, platelets, and leukocytes, with initiation of inflammation and formation of microparticles that trigger the coagulation system" via tissue factor. Vein wall inflammation is likely the inciting event. Importantly, the
1199:(NETs) or their components, which play a role in venous thrombi formation. NET components are pro-thrombotic through both the intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation pathways. NETs provide "a scaffold for adhesion" of platelets, red blood cells, and multiple factors that potentiate platelet activation. In addition to the pro-coagulant activities of neutrophils, multiple stimuli cause
1677:(INR) of 2.0–3.0, with 2.5 as the target. The benefit of taking warfarin declines as the duration of treatment extends, and the risk of bleeding increases with age. Periodic INR monitoring is not necessary when first-line direct oral anticoagulants are used. Overall, anticoagulation therapy is complex and many circumstances can affect how these therapies are managed.
1867:
2256:
hypercoaguability, stasis, and endothelial injury. It was not until 1950 that this framework was cited as
Virchow's triad, but the teaching of Virchow's triad has continued in light of its utility as a theoretical framework and as a recognition of the significant progress Virchow made in expanding the understanding of VTE.
2106:
people will have recurrent VTE in the 2 years after they complete their course of anticoagulants. VTE recurrence is less common in distal DVT than proximal DVT. In upper extremity DVT, annual VTE recurrence is about 2–4%. After surgery, a provoked proximal DVT or PE has an annual recurrence rate of only 0.7%.
454:, and redness. However, these symptoms might not manifest in the lower limbs of those unable to walk. In those who are able to walk, DVT can reduce one's ability to do so. The pain can be described as throbbing and can worsen with weight-bearing, prompting one to bear more weight with the unaffected leg.
2114:
About 1.5 out of 1000 adults a year have a first VTE in high-income countries. The condition becomes much more common with age. VTE rarely occurs in children, but when it does, it predominantly affects hospitalized children. Children in North
America and the Netherlands have VTE rates that range from
2003:
Acutely ill hospitalized patients are suggested to receive a parenteral anticoagulant, although the potential net benefit is uncertain. Critically ill hospitalized patients are recommended to either receive unfractionated heparin or low-molecular weight heparin instead of foregoing these medicines.
1809:(the preferred method of administering the clot-busting enzyme) include a risk of bleeding, complexity, and the cost of the procedure. Although, while anticoagulation is the preferred treatment for DVT, thrombolysis is a treatment option for those with the severe DVT form of phlegmasia cerula dorens (
1728:
Treatment for acute leg DVT is suggested to continue at home for uncomplicated DVT instead of hospitalization. Factors that favor hospitalization include severe symptoms or additional medical issues. Early walking is suggested over bedrest. Graduated compression stockings—which apply higher pressure
397:
of the suspected veins. VTE becomes much more common with age. The condition is rare in children, but occurs in almost 1% of those ≥ age 85 annually. Asian, Asian-American, Native
American, and Hispanic individuals have a lower VTE risk than Whites or Blacks. Populations in Asia have VTE rates at 15
2181:
and an IV heparin drip, all while gasping for air. She started to receive an ultrasound to look for DVT in the legs, prompting her to express dissatisfaction to the medical staff that they were not looking for clots where she had symptoms (her lungs), and they were not yet treating her presumed PE.
2105:
In the 10 years following an initial VTE, about 30% of people will have a recurrence. VTE recurrence in those with prior DVT is more likely to recur as DVT than PE. Cancer and unprovoked DVT are strong risk factors for recurrence. After initial proximal unprovoked DVT with and without PE, 16–17% of
2089:
of about 6%, with PE being the cause of most of these deaths. Proximal DVT is frequently associated with PE, unlike distal DVT, which is rarely if ever associated with PE. Around 56% of those with proximal DVT also have PE, although a chest CT is not needed simply because of the presence of DVT. If
2043:
Options for VTE prevention in people following non-orthopedic surgery include early walking, mechanical prophylaxis, and blood thinners (low-molecular-weight heparin and low-dose-unfractionated heparin) depending upon the risk of VTE, risk of major bleeding, and person's preferences. After low-risk
1970:
in the general population, incorporating leg exercises while sitting down for long periods, or having breaks from a sitting position and walking around, having an active lifestyle, and maintaining a healthy body weight are recommended. Walking increases blood flow through the leg veins. Excess body
2279:
of LDUH in 1962 and subcutaneous injections of LMWH in 1982. 1974 was when vascular inflammation and venous thrombosis were first proposed to be interrelated. For around 50 years, a months-long warfarin (Coumadin) regimen was the mainstay of pharmacological treatment. To avoid the blood monitoring
2129:
DVT occurs in the upper extremities in about 4–10% of cases, with an incidence of 0.4–1.0 people out of 10,000 a year. A minority of upper extremity DVTs are due to Paget–Schroetter syndrome, also called effort thrombosis, which occurs in 1–2 people out of 100,000 a year, usually in athletic males
1332:
has also been validated for use. It contains only objective criteria but requires obtaining a D-dimer value. With this prediction rule, three points or less means a person is at low risk for DVT. A result of four or more points indicates an ultrasound is needed. Instead of using a prediction rule,
1162:
The process of fibrinolysis, where DVT clots can be dissolved back into the blood, acts to temper the process of thrombus growth. This is the preferred process. Aside from the potentially deadly process of embolization, a clot can resolve through organization, which can damage the valves of veins,
2076:
Travelling "is an often cited yet relatively uncommon" cause of VTE. Suggestions for at-risk long-haul travelers include calf exercises, frequent walking, and aisle seating in airplanes to ease walking. Graduated compression stockings have sharply reduced the levels of asymptomatic DVT in airline
1821:
A mechanical thrombectomy device can remove DVT clots, particularly in acute iliofemoral DVT (DVT of the major veins in the pelvis), but there is limited data on its efficacy. It is usually combined with thrombolysis, and sometimes temporary IVC filters are placed to protect against PE during the
1525:
is considered positive when the vein walls of normally compressible veins do not collapse under gentle pressure. Clot visualization is sometimes possible, but is not required. Three compression ultrasound scanning techniques can be used, with two of the three methods requiring a second ultrasound
1194:
of veins interacts with circulating white blood cells (leukocytes). While leukocytes normally help prevent blood from clotting (as does normal endothelium), upon stimulation, leukocytes facilitate clotting. Neutrophils are recruited early in the process of venous thrombi formation. They release
449:
Symptoms classically affect a leg and typically develop over hours or days, though they can develop suddenly or over a matter of weeks. The legs are primarily affected, with 4–10% of DVT occurring in the arms. Despite the signs and symptoms being highly variable, the typical symptoms are pain,
1804:
is the injection of an enzyme into the veins to dissolve blood clots, and while this treatment has been proven effective against the life-threatening emergency clots of stroke and heart attacks, randomized controlled trials have not established a net benefit in those with acute proximal DVT.
2255:
published his analysis after the insertion of foreign bodies into the jugular veins of dogs, which migrated to the pulmonary arteries. These foreign bodies caused pulmonary emboli, and
Virchow was focused on explaining their consequences. He cited three factors, which are now understood as
1327:
While the Wells score is the predominant and most studied clinical prediction rule for DVT, it does have drawbacks. The Wells score requires a subjective assessment regarding the likelihood of an alternate diagnosis and performs less well in the elderly and those with a prior DVT. The
1312:(see column in the table below) to determine if a potential DVT is "likely" or "unlikely" is typically the first step of the diagnostic process. The score is used in suspected first lower extremity DVT (without any PE symptoms) in primary care and outpatient settings, including the
8797:
Douketis J, Tosetto A, Marcucci M, Baglin T, Cushman M, Eichinger S, et al. (October 2010). "Patient-level meta-analysis: effect of measurement timing, threshold, and patient age on ability of D-dimer testing to assess recurrence risk after unprovoked venous thromboembolism".
1024:
are rare but strong, or moderately strong, risk factors. They increase risk by about 10 times. Having a non-O blood type roughly doubles VTE risk. Non-O blood type is common globally, making it an important risk factor. Individuals without O blood type have higher blood levels of
9008:
Enden T, Haig Y, Kløw NE, Slagsvold CE, Sandvik L, Ghanima W, et al. (January 2012). "Long-term outcome after additional catheter-directed thrombolysis versus standard treatment for acute iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis (the CaVenT study): a randomised controlled trial".
2149:
Being on blood thinners because of DVT can be life-changing because it can prevent lifestyle activities such as contact or winter sports to prevent bleeding after potential injuries. Head injuries prompting brain bleeds are of particular concern. This has caused NASCAR driver
1817:
exist. In 2020, NICE kept their 2012 recommendations that catheter-directed thrombolysis should be considered in those with iliofemoral DVT who have "symptoms lasting less than 14 days, good functional status, a life expectancy of 1 year or more, and a low risk of bleeding."
841:
Acquired risk factors include the strong risk factor of older age, which alters blood composition to favor clotting. Previous VTE, particularly unprovoked VTE, is a strong risk factor. A leftover clot from a prior DVT increases the risk of a subsequent DVT. Major surgery and
1617:
Treatment for DVT is warranted when the clots are either proximal, distal and symptomatic, or upper extremity and symptomatic. Providing anticoagulation, or blood-thinning medicine, is the typical treatment after patients are checked to make sure they are not subject to
739:
DVT persists more than 28 days. Differences between these two types of DVT can be seen with ultrasound. An episode of VTE after an initial one is classified as recurrent. Bilateral DVT refers to clots in both limbs while unilateral means only a single limb is affected.
2247:
text published around 600–900 BC, contains what has been cited as the first description of DVT. In 1271, DVT symptoms in the leg of a 20-year-old male were described in a French manuscript, which has been cited as the first case or the first
Western reference to DVT.
2296:
VTE costs the US healthcare system about $ 7 to 10 billion dollars annually. Initial and average DVT costs for a hospitalized US patient is about $ 10,000 (2015 estimate). In Europe, the costs for an initial VTE hospitalization are significantly less, costing about
1548:, which involves injecting a peripheral vein of the affected limb with a contrast agent and taking X-rays, to reveal whether the venous supply has been obstructed. Because of its cost, invasiveness, availability, and other limitations, this test is rarely performed.
10110:
1526:
some days later to rule out the diagnosis. Whole-leg ultrasound is the option that does not require a repeat ultrasound, but proximal compression ultrasound is frequently used because distal DVT is only rarely clinically significant. Ultrasound methods including
9052:
Haig Y, Enden T, Grøtta O, Kløw NE, Slagsvold CE, Ghanima W, et al. (February 2016). "Post-thrombotic syndrome after catheter-directed thrombolysis for deep vein thrombosis (CaVenT): 5-year follow-up results of an open-label, randomised controlled trial".
2263:
in the 1970s and 1980s, but ultrasound, particularly after utility of probe compression was demonstrated in 1986, became the preferred diagnostic method. Yet, in the mid-1990s, contrast venography and impedance plethysmography were still described as common.
2182:
After being diagnosed with PE and not DVT, and after receiving heparin by IV, the coughing from the PE caused her C-section surgical site to open and the heparin contributed to bleeding at the site. Serena later received an IVC filter while in the hospital.
424:
Prevention of VTE for the general population includes avoiding obesity and maintaining an active lifestyle. Preventive efforts following low-risk surgery include early and frequent walking. Riskier surgeries generally prevent VTE with a blood thinner or
1736:
If someone decides to stop anticoagulation after an unprovoked VTE instead of being on lifelong anticoagulation, aspirin can be used to reduce the risk of recurrence, but it is only about 33% as effective as anticoagulation in preventing recurrent VTE.
728:(VTE). VTE can occur as DVT only, DVT with PE, or PE only. About two-thirds of VTE manifests as DVT only, with one-third manifesting as PE with or without DVT. VTE, along with superficial vein thrombosis, are common types of venous thrombosis.
2036:—has a high risk of causing VTE. If prophylaxis is not used after these surgeries, symptomatic VTE has about a 4% chance of developing within 35 days. Following major orthopedic surgery, a blood thinner or aspirin is typically paired with
1112:
and age do not seem to increase risk. Common risk factors for having an upper extremity DVT include having an existing foreign body (such as a central venous catheter, a pacemaker, or a triple-lumen PICC line), cancer, and recent surgery.
2868:"Diagnosis and management of acute deep vein thrombosis: a joint consensus document from the European Society of Cardiology working groups of aorta and peripheral vascular diseases and pulmonary circulation and right ventricular function"
932:
Cancer can grow in and around veins, causing venous stasis, and can also stimulate increased levels of tissue factor. Cancers of the blood, lung, pancreas, brain, stomach, and bowel are associated with high VTE risk. Solid tumors such as
3525:
Tran HA, Gibbs H, Merriman E, Curnow JL, Young L, Bennett A, et al. (March 2019). "New guidelines from the
Thrombosis and Haemostasis Society of Australia and New Zealand for the diagnosis and management of venous thromboembolism".
980:, includes a group of proteins that regulate clotting. DVT risk can be altered by abnormalities in the cascade. The regulators, antithrombin (ᾳTHR) and activated protein C (APC), are shown in green above the clotting factors they affect.
1822:
procedure. Catheter-directed thrombolysis with thrombectomy against iliofemoral DVT has been associated with a reduction in the severity of post-thrombotic syndrome at an estimated cost-effectiveness ratio of about $ 138,000 per gained
1107:
Some risk factors influence the location of DVT within the body. In isolated distal DVT, the profile of risk factors appears distinct from proximal DVT. Transient factors, such as surgery and immobilization, appear to dominate, whereas
1045:, which increases prothrombin levels, increases risk by about 2.5 times. Additionally, approximately 5% of people have been identified with a background genetic risk comparable to the factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A mutations.
2421:
The term 'thrombophilia' as used here applies to the five inherited abnormalities of antithrombin, protein C, protein S, factor V, and prothrombin, as is done elsewhere. These 5 genetic factors have been referred to as the classical
2102:. After proximal DVT, an estimated 20–50% of people develop the syndrome, with 5–10% experiencing severe symptoms. Post-thrombotic syndrome can also be a complication of distal DVT, though to a lesser extent than with proximal DVT.
1222:
are also components. Platelets are not as prominent in venous clots as they are in arterial ones, but they can play a role. In cancer, tissue factor is produced by cancer cells. Cancer also produces unique substances that stimulate
7970:"Rationale and design of the ATTRACT Study: a multicenter randomized trial to evaluate pharmacomechanical catheter-directed thrombolysis for the prevention of postthrombotic syndrome in patients with proximal deep vein thrombosis"
3043:
2093:
Another frequent complication of proximal DVT, and the most frequent chronic complication, is post-thrombotic syndrome, where individuals have chronic venous symptoms. Symptoms can include pain, itching, swelling,
1991:, has provided some tentative evidence of effectiveness. Of the statins, rosuvastatin appears to be the only one with the potential to reduce VTE risk. If so, it appears to reduce risk by about 15%. However, the
11589:
11570:
11555:
716:
The iliac veins (in the pelvis) include the external iliac vein, the internal iliac vein, and the common iliac vein. The common femoral vein is below the external iliac vein. (It is labeled simply "femoral"
2301:
2000 to 4000 (2011 estimate). Post-thrombotic syndrome is a significant contributor to DVT follow-up costs. Outpatient treatment significantly reduces costs, and treatment costs for PE exceed those of DVT.
7105:
Lazo-Langner A, Kovacs MJ, Hedley B, Al-Ani F, Keeney M, Louzada ML, et al. (June 2015). "Screening of patients with idiopathic venous thromboembolism for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria clones".
1589:
1733:, as the potential benefit of using them for this goal "may be uncertain". Nor are compression stockings likely to reduce VTE recurrence. They are, however, recommended in those with isolated distal DVT.
8864:
Berntsen CF, Kristiansen A, Akl EA, Sandset PM, Jacobsen EM, Guyatt G, et al. (April 2016). "Compression
Stockings for Preventing the Postthrombotic Syndrome in Patients with Deep Vein Thrombosis".
6928:
Dentali F, Sironi AP, Ageno W, Turato S, Bonfanti C, Frattini F, et al. (July 2012). "Non-O blood type is the commonest genetic risk factor for VTE: results from a meta-analysis of the literature".
2412:"It is important to note that smoking is not an independent risk factor, although it increases the risk for cancers and other comorbidities and works synergistically with other independent risk factors."
1583:. When compared to this clot, clots that instead obstruct the common femoral vein (proximal to this branching point) cause more severe effects due to impacting a significantly larger portion of the leg.
9980:"VTE, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy, and pregnancy: Antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines"
8340:"Management of massive and submassive pulmonary embolism, iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis, and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association"
1554:
469:(a blue or purplish discoloration) with fever. DVT can also exist without causing any symptoms. Signs and symptoms help in determining the likelihood of DVT, but they are not used alone for diagnosis.
4708:"Long term risk of symptomatic recurrent venous thromboembolism after discontinuation of anticoagulant treatment for first unprovoked venous thromboembolism event: systematic review and meta-analysis"
1324:
used to confirm or exclude a diagnosis. Imaging is also needed for hospital inpatients with suspected DVT and those initially categorized as unlikely to have DVT but who have a positive D-dimer test.
9785:
Sobieraj DM, Lee S, Coleman CI, Tongbram V, Chen W, Colby J, et al. (May 2012). "Prolonged versus standard-duration venous thromboprophylaxis in major orthopedic surgery: a systematic review".
9879:"Prevention of VTE in nonorthopedic surgical patients: Antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines"
265:, most commonly in the legs or pelvis. A minority of DVTs occur in the arms. Symptoms can include pain, swelling, redness, and enlarged veins in the affected area, but some DVTs have no symptoms.
10767:
1749:
An unprovoked VTE might signal the presence of an unknown cancer, as it is an underlying condition in up to 10% of unprovoked cases. A thorough clinical assessment is needed and should include a
2539:
For example "recent surgery, history of VTE, postpartum women, active malignancy, or ≥2 risk factors, including combinations of the above with hormone replacement therapy, obesity, or pregnancy"
9830:"Prevention of VTE in orthopedic surgery patients: Antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines"
6215:
Danwang C, Bigna JJ, Awana AP, Nzalie RN, Robert A (February 2021). "Global epidemiology of venous thromboembolism in people with active tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis".
2448:
The Wells score as displayed here is the more recent modified score, which added a criterion for a previous documented DVT and increased the time range after surgery to 12 weeks from 4 weeks.
532:
that supplies deoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation. Up to one-fourth of PE cases are thought to result in sudden death. When not fatal, PE can cause symptoms such as sudden onset
2503:(PT) to a standardized control PT. A normal INR for those not on anticoagulation is 1.0. A value of 5.0 or higher is considered a critical finding because of an increased risk of bleeding.
1601:
1167:
development, in which collagen becomes the characteristic component. The first pathological stage is marked by red blood cells, and the second is characterized by medium-textured fibrin.
10032:"Prevention of VTE in nonsurgical patients: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines"
2530:
Including those with "previous VTE, recent surgery or trauma, active malignancy, pregnancy, estrogen use, advanced age, limited mobility, severe obesity, or known thrombophilic disorder"
9233:"Cost-effectiveness of pharmacomechanical catheter-directed thrombolysis versus standard anticoagulation in patients with proximal deep vein thrombosis: results from the ATTRACT trial"
8528:"Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: Antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines"
7536:
3063:
790:
in 2019 urged for this dichotomy to be abandoned to encourage more personalized risk assessments for recurrent VTE. The distinction between these categories is not always clear.
8488:
Kearon C, Akl EA, Ornelas J, Blaivas A, Jimenez D, Bounameaux H, et al. (February 2016). "Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: CHEST guideline and expert panel report".
10084:
10424:"Symptomatic in-hospital deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism following hip and knee arthroplasty among patients receiving recommended prophylaxis: a systematic review"
786:
DVT can be classified into provoked and unprovoked categories. For example, DVT that occurs in association with cancer or surgery can be classified as provoked. However, the
12479:
2362:
2118:
During pregnancy and after childbirth, acute VTE occurs in about 1.2 of 1000 deliveries. Despite it being relatively rare, it is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and
1729:
at the ankles and a lower pressure around the knees can be trialed for symptomatic management of acute DVT symptoms, but they are not recommended for reducing the risk of
1143:
DVT often develops in the calf veins and "grows" in the direction of venous flow, towards the heart. DVT most frequently affects veins in the leg or pelvis including the
862:, venous stasis can be temporarily provoked by a cessation of blood flow as part of the procedure. Inactivity and immobilization contribute to venous stasis, as with
2490:
The international normalized ratio should be ≥ 2.0 for 24 hours minimum, but if the ratio is > 3.0, then the parenteral anticoagulant is not needed for five days.
2374:
5820:"Guidelines for adult stroke rehabilitation and recovery: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association"
11496:"Executive summary: Antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines"
2284:(DOACs) were developed. In the late 2000s to early 2010s, DOACs—including rivaroxaban (Xarelto), apixaban (Eliquis), and dabigatran (Pradaxa)—came to the market.
1210:
complex, activates the extrinsic pathway of coagulation and leads to conversion of prothrombin to thrombin, followed by fibrin deposition. Fresh venous clots are
4457:"Diagnosis of DVT: Antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines"
2945:"American Society of Hematology 2019 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: prevention of venous thromboembolism in surgical hospitalized patients"
7942:
1851:
5638:"American Society of Hematology 2018 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: prophylaxis for hospitalized and nonhospitalized medical patients"
4959:
Galanaud JP, Bosson JL, Quéré I (September 2011). "Risk factors and early outcomes of patients with symptomatic distal vs. proximal deep-vein thrombosis".
9435:
838:
activation. Various risk factors contribute to VTE, including genetic and environmental factors, though many with multiple risk factors never develop it.
4029:"2019 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism developed in collaboration with the European Respiratory Society (ERS)"
552:(worsened by deep breaths) and can vary based upon where the embolus is lodged in the lungs. An estimated 30–50% of those with PE have detectable DVT by
5775:
Ishida T, Sakurai H, Watanabe K, Iwashita S, Mimura M, Uchida H (July 2016). "Incidence of deep vein thrombosis in catatonic patients: A chart review".
5200:
2085:
DVT is most frequently a disease of older age that occurs in the context of nursing homes, hospitals, and active cancer. It is associated with a 30-day
1721:
The duration of anticoagulation therapy (whether it will last 4 to 6 weeks, 6 to 12 weeks, 3 to 6 months, or indefinitely) is a key factor in clinical
1518:
11171:
9387:"Association of inferior vena cava filter placement for venous thromboembolic disease and a contraindication to anticoagulation with 30-day mortality"
616:
3202:"American Society of Hematology 2020 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism"
1958:
is the specialty that typically places and retrieves IVC filters, and vascular surgery might do catheter directed thrombosis for some severe DVTs.
4758:
4342:"Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism among patients with a cryptogenic stroke linked to patent foramen ovale – a review of the literature"
8303:
2169:
was hospitalized in 2011 for PE thought to have originated from DVT. Years later, in 2017, due to her knowledge of DVT and PE, Serena accurately
3680:"Anticoagulant prophylaxis to prevent asymptomatic deep vein thrombosis in hospitalized medical patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis"
2209:
had DVT after hip-replacement surgery. DVT has also contributed to the deaths of famous people. For example, DVT and PE played a role in rapper
445:
Swelling from fluid (edema) can result in "pitting" after pressure is applied. If this occurs only on one side, it raises the likelihood of DVT.
9514:
4293:"Lower extremity compartment syndrome in the setting of iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis, phlegmasia cerulea dolens and factor VII deficiency"
393:
test can also be used to assist with excluding the diagnosis or to signal a need for further testing. Diagnosis is most commonly confirmed by
9931:"American Society of Hematology 2018 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: venous thromboembolism in the context of pregnancy"
2177:
surgery and was off of blood thinners. After feeling the sudden onset of a PE symptom, shortness of breath, she told her nurse and requested
10605:
984:
Dozens of genetic risk factors have been identified, and they account for approximately 50 to 60% of the variability in VTE rates. As such,
354:. VTE has a strong genetic component, accounting for approximately 50 to 60% of the variability in VTE rates. Genetic factors include non-O
10657:
665:
2052:
The risk of VTE is increased in pregnancy by about four to five times because of a more hypercoagulable state that protects against fatal
11700:
1971:
weight is modifiable unlike most risk factors, and interventions or lifestyle modifications that help someone who is overweight or obese
10510:
10375:"American Society of Hematology 2018 Guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: treatment of pediatric venous thromboembolism"
8709:"American Society of Hematology 2018 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: optimal management of anticoagulation therapy"
4393:"European position paper on the management of patients with patent foramen ovale. General approach and left circulation thromboembolism"
3308:"Genome-wide association analysis of venous thromboembolism identifies new risk loci and genetic overlap with arterial vascular disease"
1560:
An ultrasound with a blood clot visible in the left common femoral vein. (The common femoral vein is distal to the external iliac vein.)
12273:
7528:
1897:
were significantly improved. Afterwards, a first rib resection allowed decompression. This reduces the risk of recurrent DVT and other
1761:
done in people of that age. A review of prior imaging is considered worthwhile, as is "reviewing baseline blood test results including
1270:. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 and early-growth-response protein 1 contribute to monocyte association with endothelial proteins, such as
10080:
9141:
1163:
cause vein fibrosis, and result in non-compliant veins. Organization of a thrombus into the vein can occur at the third stage of its
299:
About two-thirds of VTE manifests as DVT only, with one-third manifesting as PE with or without DVT. The most frequent long-term DVT
3887:"The relationship between pancreatic cancer and hypercoagulability: a comprehensive review on epidemiological and biological issues"
6366:"Call to action to prevent venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients: a policy statement from the American Heart Association"
10323:"The economic burden of incident venous thromboembolism in the United States: A review of estimated attributable healthcare costs"
4837:"Risk of deep vein thrombosis following a single negative whole-leg compression ultrasound: a systematic review and meta-analysis"
3743:
8019:"Exclusion of deep vein thrombosis using the Wells rule in clinically important subgroups: individual patient data meta-analysis"
1246:
Often, DVT begins in the valves of veins. The blood flow pattern in the valves can cause low oxygen concentrations in the blood (
6117:"Incidence of VTE and bleeding among hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis"
9542:"Compression and walking versus bed rest in the treatment of proximal deep venous thrombosis with low molecular weight heparin"
4212:
2322:
identified 29 separate research priorities, most of which related to patients who are acutely or critically ill. Inhibition of
1534:
can be used to further characterize the clot and
Doppler ultrasound is especially helpful in the non-compressible iliac veins.
1081:
938:
668:
of pain, swelling, and redness. Symptoms concerning for DVT are more often due to other causes, including cellulitis, ruptured
7612:"Pathophysiology of venous thromboembolism with respect to the anatomical features of the deep veins of lower limbs: a review"
4792:
Casella IB, Bosch MA, Sabbag CR (2009). "Incidence and risk factors for bilateral deep venous thrombosis of the lower limbs".
3803:
Casella IB, Bosch MA, Sabbag CR (2009). "Incidence and risk factors for bilateral deep venous thrombosis of the lower limbs".
12045:
1829:
In DVT in the arm, the first (topmost) rib can be surgically removed as part of the typical treatment when the DVT is due to
1778:
11245:"Daily hospitalization costs in patients with deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism treated with anticoagulant therapy"
9170:"NICE Interventional procedures guidance 651: Percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy for acute deep vein thrombosis of the leg
12050:
10561:
Golemi I, Salazar Adum JP, Tafur A, Caprini J (August 2019). "Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis using the
Caprini score".
2060:
in 2018. Warfarin, a common vitamin K antagonist, can cause birth defects and is not used for prevention during pregnancy.
1741:
have also been investigated for their potential to reduce recurrent VTE rates, with some studies suggesting effectiveness.
1000:, mildly increases VTE risk by about three times. Deficiencies of three proteins that normally prevent blood from clotting—
9685:
8163:
Wells PS, Ihaddadene R, Reilly A, Forgie MA (January 2018). "Diagnosis of venous thromboembolism: 20 years of progress".
2584:
Kruger PC, Eikelboom JW, Douketis JD, Hankey GJ (June 2019). "Deep vein thrombosis: update on diagnosis and management".
2202:
1085:
10822:
644:
11484:
10908:
10097:
oral contraceptives, sitting in a window seat, advanced age, and pregnancy increase DVT risk in long-distance travelers
2123:
2090:
proximal DVT is left untreated, in the following 3 months approximately half of people will experience symptomatic PE.
2037:
430:
183:
2217:
died at age 39 while covering the Iraq War from a PE that was thought to have progressed from a missed DVT, and actor
632:
7946:
4068:
Chinsakchai K, Ten Duis K, Moll FL, de Borst GJ (January 2011). "Trends in management of phlegmasia cerulea dolens".
1232:
567:. Phlegmasia cerulea dolens can occur in the arm but more commonly affects the leg. If found in the setting of acute
10536:
1296:, the standard treatment for DVT, prevents further clot growth and PE, but does not act directly on existing clots.
12200:
11817:
2354:
1077:
594:
because the clot abnormally travels from the pulmonary circuit to the systemic circuit while inside the heart. The
10631:
6770:"Assessing the risk of venous thromboembolic events in women taking progestin-only contraception: a meta-analysis"
6733:
Bovill EG, van der Vliet A (2011). "Venous valvular stasis-associated hypoxia and thrombosis: what is the link?".
6407:"Behçet's syndrome as a tool to dissect the mechanisms of thrombo-inflammation: clinical and pathogenetic aspects"
2275:
Multiple pharmacological therapies for DVT were introduced in the 20th century: oral anticoagulants in the 1940s,
1877:, a rare and severe arm DVT shown here in a judo practitioner, with highly restricted blood flow shown in the vein
961:
increase the risk through a variety of mechanisms, including altered blood coagulation protein levels and reduced
11832:
11693:
6880:
Varga EA, Kujovich JL (January 2012). "Management of inherited thrombophilia: guide for genetics professionals".
2194:
1595:
An abdominal CT scan demonstrating an iliofemoral DVT, with the clot in the right common iliac vein of the pelvis
1450:
Recently bedridden ≥ 3 days, or major surgery requiring regional or general anesthetic in the past 12 weeks
1305:
1255:
1174:
Upper extremity DVTs can occur in the subclavian, axillary, brachial, ulnar, and radial veins (pictured) and the
946:
343:
187:
122:
10463:
Margaglione M, Grandone E (February 2011). "Population genetics of venous thromboembolism. A narrative review".
12151:
10195:"Long-term risk of postthrombotic syndrome after symptomatic distal deep vein thrombosis: The CACTUS-PTS study"
9443:
6594:
Falanga A, Russo L, Milesi V, Vignoli A (October 2017). "Mechanisms and risk factors of thrombosis in cancer".
2335:
2319:
2057:
1806:
1674:
1196:
1053:
787:
202:
8843:
Early mobilization for patients with venous thromboembolism: a review of clinical effectiveness and guidelines
1292:
dissolving a clot—or other conditions. Hospitalized patients often have elevated levels for multiple reasons.
1288:, a natural byproduct of fibrinolysis that is typically found in the blood. An elevated level can result from
11963:
8668:"Duration of anticoagulant therapy for venous thromboembolism: balancing benefits and harms on the long term"
5192:
2173:
for herself to have a PE diagnosed and treated. During this encounter with VTE, she was hospitalized after a
1874:
1834:
883:
10727:"Phlebitis, pulmonary emboli and presidential politics: Richard M. Nixon's complicated deep vein thrombosis"
9586:"Exploring opportunities for primary prevention of unprovoked venous thromboembolism: ready for prime time?"
8381:"Anticoagulants versus non-steroidal anti-inflammatories or placebo for treatment of venous thromboembolism"
7799:"Neutrophil extracellular traps: villains and targets in arterial, venous, and cancer-associated thrombosis"
5636:
Schünemann HJ, Cushman M, Burnett AE, Kahn SR, Beyer-Westendorf J, Spencer FA, et al. (November 2018).
5580:
Martinelli I, Bucciarelli P, Mannucci PM (February 2010). "Thrombotic risk factors: basic pathophysiology".
1813:) and in some younger patients with DVT affecting the iliac and common femoral veins. Of note, a variety of
12268:
12188:
11893:
10873:
2288:
described a "furious battle" among the three makers of these drugs "for the prescription pads of doctors".
1954:. Patients suspected of having an acute DVT are often referred to the emergency department for evaluation.
1786:
1662:
958:
926:
681:
497:
481:
218:
167:
10234:
Konstantinides SV, Torbicki A, Agnelli G, Danchin N, Fitzmaurice D, Galiè N, et al. (November 2014).
2271:
Warfarin, a common vitamin K antagonist, was the mainstay of pharmacological treatment for about 50 years.
12283:
12278:
12005:
11995:
10275:
Johannesen CD, Flachs EM, Ebbehøj NE, Marott JL, Jensen GB, Nordestgaard BG, et al. (January 2020).
5002:
Utter GH, Dhillon TS, Salcedo ES, Shouldice DJ, Reynolds CL, Humphries MD, et al. (September 2016).
2512:"Up to 83% of patients treated by any catheter-based therapy, need adjunctive angioplasty, and stenting".
2470:
2387:
2259:
Methods to observe DVT by ultrasound were established in the 1960s. Diagnoses were commonly performed by
697:
576:
477:
472:
At times, DVT can cause symptoms in both arms or both legs, as with bilateral DVT. Rarely, a clot in the
10193:
Galanaud JP, Righini M, Le Collen L, Douillard A, Robert-Ebadi H, Pontal D, et al. (January 2020).
6260:"Risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism in autoimmune diseases: a systematic review of the literature"
1250:) of a valve sinus. Hypoxemia, which is worsened by venous stasis, activates pathways—ones that include
12384:
12035:
12010:
11827:
11756:
11686:
9467:"Emergency department management of suspected calf-vein deep venous thrombosis: a diagnostic algorithm"
4027:
Konstantinides SV, Meyer G, Becattini C, Bueno H, Geersing GJ, Harjola VP, et al. (January 2020).
2281:
2145:
has spoken at length about a frightening encounter she had with VTE while she was hospitalized in 2017.
1919:
1285:
1251:
910:
693:
493:
1826:. Phlegmasia cerulea dolens might be treated with catheter-directed thrombolysis and/or thrombectomy.
12409:
12352:
12000:
11953:
11803:
11766:
9929:
Bates SM, Rajasekhar A, Middeldorp S, McLintock C, Rodger MA, James AH, et al. (November 2018).
9713:
9231:
Magnuson EA, Chinnakondepalli K, Vilain K, Kearon C, Julian JA, Kahn SR, et al. (October 2019).
8017:
Geersing GJ, Zuithoff NP, Kearon C, Anderson DR, Ten Cate-Hoek AJ, Elf JL, et al. (March 2014).
2260:
1967:
1935:
1915:
1650:
1151:(of the thigh), and iliac veins of the pelvis. Extensive lower-extremity DVT can even reach into the
1101:
985:
922:
560:
559:
A rare and massive DVT that causes significant obstruction and discoloration (including cyanosis) is
339:
335:
214:
118:
114:
10847:
9828:
Falck-Ytter Y, Francis CW, Johanson NA, Curley C, Dahl OE, Schulman S, et al. (February 2012).
8996:"NICE Guideline 158: Venous thromboembolic diseases: diagnosis, management and thrombophilia testing
8526:
Kearon C, Akl EA, Comerota AJ, Prandoni P, Bounameaux H, Goldhaber SZ, et al. (February 2012).
7563:"Leukocytes and the natural history of deep vein thrombosis: current concepts and future directions"
6634:
Fernandes CJ, Morinaga LTK, Alves JL, Castro MA, Calderaro D, Jardim CVP, et al. (March 2019).
6405:
Becatti M, Emmi G, Bettiol A, Silvestri E, Di Scala G, Taddei N, Prisco D, Fiorillo C (March 2019).
6166:"Risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism in patients with HIV infection: A nationwide cohort study"
6115:
Jiménez D, García-Sanchez A, Rali P, Muriel A, Bikdeli B, Ruiz-Artacho P, et al. (March 2021).
1793:
recommends that further investigations are unwarranted in those without relevant signs or symptoms.
12394:
12207:
12161:
12156:
11980:
11958:
11604:
6015:
Beristain-Covarrubias N, Perez-Toledo M, Thomas MR, Henderson IR, Watson SP, Cunningham AF (2019).
4455:
Bates SM, Jaeschke R, Stevens SM, Goodacre S, Wells PS, Stevenson MD, et al. (February 2012).
4391:
Pristipino C, Sievert H, D'Ascenzo F, Mas JL, Meier B, Scacciatella P, et al. (January 2019).
2943:
Anderson DR, Morgano GP, Bennett C, Dentali F, Francis CW, Garcia DA, et al. (December 2019).
2366:
2162:
have dealt with recurrent blood clots, and Bosh's career was significantly hampered by DVT and PE.
2017:
1955:
1830:
1730:
1267:
929:(SLE) increase risk. SLE itself is frequently associated with secondary antiphospholipid syndrome.
879:
875:
382:
304:
92:
8338:
Jaff MR, McMurtry MS, Archer SL, Cushman M, Goldenberg N, Goldhaber SZ, et al. (April 2011).
5384:"Risk factors for venous thrombosis – current understanding from an epidemiological point of view"
2992:
Raskob GE, Angchaisuksiri P, Blanco AN, Buller H, Gallus A, Hunt BJ, et al. (November 2014).
417:. Beginning warfarin treatment requires an additional non-oral anticoagulant, often injections of
12474:
12449:
12431:
11913:
11908:
11872:
11842:
10373:
Monagle P, Cuello CA, Augustine C, Bonduel M, Brandão LR, Capman T, et al. (November 2018).
9744:
Biere-Rafi S, Hutten BA, Squizzato A, Ageno W, Souverein PC, de Boer A, et al. (June 2013).
9686:"Statins and primary prevention of venous thromboembolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis"
3992:
2358:
1572:
1259:
1228:
1013:
394:
359:
300:
139:
87:
10792:
9877:
Gould MK, Garcia DA, Wren SM, Karanicolas PJ, Arcelus JI, Heit JA, et al. (February 2012).
4652:
Karande GY, Hedgire SS, Sanchez Y, Baliyan V, Mishra V, Ganguli S, et al. (December 2016).
2866:
Mazzolai L, Aboyans V, Ageno W, Agnelli G, Alatri A, Bauersachs R, et al. (December 2018).
918:
12421:
12404:
12399:
12389:
12230:
12166:
11808:
11709:
11325:
Dobesh PP (August 2009). "Economic burden of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients".
9282:"Thoracic outlet syndrome: a comprehensive review of pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment"
9091:
Vedantham S, Goldhaber SZ, Julian JA, Kahn SR, Jaff MR, Cohen DJ, et al. (December 2017).
8107:
Stone J, Hangge P, Albadawi H, Wallace A, Shamoun F, Knuttien MG, et al. (December 2017).
6972:
Paulsen B, Skille H, Smith EN, Hveem K, Gabrielsen ME, Brækkan SK, et al. (October 2019).
2276:
2178:
2029:
1992:
1918:(IVC filter) is possible when either the standard treatment for acute DVT, anticoagulation, is
1670:
1527:
1522:
1093:
826:
has been identified as playing a clear causal role. Other related causes include activation of
725:
722:
685:
553:
293:
289:
226:
146:
11644:
10158:
Galanaud JP, Monreal M, Kahn SR (April 2018). "Epidemiology of the post-thrombotic syndrome".
8255:"Diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: new imaging tools and modalities"
6066:
Kaplan D, Casper TC, Elliott CG, Men S, Pendleton RC, Kraiss LW, et al. (November 2015).
5861:"May Thurner syndrome revealed by left calf venous claudication during running, a case report"
5688:
Wong P, Baglin T (2012). "Epidemiology, risk factors and sequelae of venous thromboembolism".
5423:
Tzoran I, Hoffman R, Monreal M (October 2018). "Hemostasis and thrombosis in the oldest old".
1521:
is the standard diagnostic method, and it is highly sensitive for detecting an initial DVT. A
240:
From 0.8–2.7 per 1000 people per year, but populations in China and Korea are below this range
12426:
12171:
12030:
12022:
11990:
11877:
11564:
10506:
10422:
Januel JM, Chen G, Ruffieux C, Quan H, Douketis JD, Crowther MA, et al. (January 2012).
9798:
9280:
Jones MR, Prabhakar A, Viswanath O, Urits I, Green JB, Kendrick JB, et al. (June 2019).
9182:
Comerota AJ, Kearon C, Gu CS, Julian JA, Goldhaber SZ, Kahn SR, et al. (February 2019).
7968:
Vedantham S, Goldhaber SZ, Kahn SR, Julian J, Magnuson E, Jaff MR, et al. (April 2013).
5043:
Comerota AJ, Kearon C, Gu CS, Julian JA, Goldhaber SZ, Kahn SR, et al. (February 2019).
4835:
Johnson SA, Stevens SM, Woller SC, Lake E, Donadini M, Cheng J, et al. (February 2010).
2391:
2370:
2053:
2025:
1814:
1191:
1121:
1038:
1026:
822:
blood vessel lining—contribute to VTE and were used to explain its formation. More recently,
764:
11474:
11243:
Dasta JF, Pilon D, Mody SH, Lopatto J, Laliberté F, Germain G, et al. (February 2015).
8931:
Wallace A, Albadawi H, Hoang P, Fleck A, Naidu S, Knuttinen G, et al. (December 2017).
8811:
6364:
Henke PK, Kahn SR, Pannucci CJ, Secemksy EA, Evans NS, Khorana AA, et al. (June 2020).
5142:
Ageno W, Farjat A, Haas S, Weitz JI, Goldhaber SZ, Turpie AGG, et al. (February 2021).
4244:"Pacemaker-associated phlegmasia cerulea dolens treated with catheter-directed thrombolysis"
850:
from outside the vascular system entering the blood. Minor injuries, lower limb amputation,
12340:
12335:
11931:
8707:
Witt DM, Nieuwlaat R, Clark NP, Ansell J, Holbrook A, Skov J, et al. (November 2018).
6259:
2377:) are more unusual forms of venous thrombosis and they are considered as separate diseases.
1976:
1750:
1630:
1541:
1334:
1313:
1179:
1061:
1021:
1017:
599:
595:
591:
568:
367:
363:
20:
7561:
Saha P, Humphries J, Modarai B, Mattock K, Waltham M, Evans CE, et al. (March 2011).
6746:
3721:"Acute deep vein thrombosis (DVT): evolving treatment strategies and endovascular therapy"
3306:
Klarin D, Busenkell E, Judy R, Lynch J, Levin M, Haessler J, et al. (November 2019).
2280:
required with warfarin and the injections required by heparin and heparin-like medicines,
1337:
assessment using clinical assessment and gestalt, but prediction rules are more reliable.
1263:
1155:(in the abdomen). Upper extremity DVT most commonly affects the subclavian, axillary, and
307:, which can cause pain, swelling, a sensation of heaviness, itching, and in severe cases,
8:
12484:
12416:
12183:
11593:
7194:"Venous thromboembolism in patients with essential thrombocythemia and polycythemia vera"
6459:
Baglin T (April 2012). "Inherited and acquired risk factors for venous thromboembolism".
6164:
Rokx C, Borjas Howard JF, Smit C, Wit FW, Pieterman ED, Reiss P, et al. (May 2020).
1858:
1842:
1638:
1133:
1042:
997:
977:
776:
533:
375:
9978:
Bates SM, Greer IA, Middeldorp S, Veenstra DL, Prabulos AM, Vandvik PO (February 2012).
9661:
9634:
8616:"Duration of treatment with vitamin K antagonists in symptomatic venous thromboembolism"
8323:
5818:
Winstein CJ, Stein J, Arena R, Bates B, Cherney LR, Cramer SC, et al. (June 2016).
2154:
to forego participation in races. Professional basketball players including NBA players
2130:
around 30 years of age or in those who do significant amounts of overhead manual labor.
1707:), which vary in the size of their chain, and the synthetic pentasaccaride (five-sugar)
311:. Recurrent VTE occurs in about 30% of those in the ten years following an initial VTE.
48:
12330:
12240:
11822:
11666:
11598:
11520:
11495:
11445:
11420:
11396:
11369:
11350:
11220:
11193:
11042:
11017:
10707:
10586:
10488:
10399:
10374:
10347:
10322:
10135:
10056:
10031:
10004:
9979:
9955:
9930:
9903:
9878:
9854:
9829:
9810:
9726:
9610:
9585:
9491:
9466:
9411:
9386:
9362:
9335:
9306:
9281:
9257:
9232:
9208:
9183:
9117:
9092:
9034:
8959:
8932:
8823:
8733:
8708:
8640:
8615:
8552:
8527:
8456:
8429:
8405:
8380:
8279:
8254:
8188:
8135:
8108:
8043:
8018:
7994:
7969:
7921:
7875:
7823:
7798:
7690:
7663:
7636:
7611:
7587:
7562:
7504:
7479:
7455:
7430:
7258:
7169:
7142:
7041:
7024:
7000:
6973:
6954:
6905:
6857:
6794:
6769:
6662:
6635:
6530:
6504:"Management of systemic lupus erythematosus during pregnancy: challenges and solutions"
6503:
6484:
6433:
6406:
6341:
6314:
6290:
6240:
6192:
6165:
6141:
6116:
6092:
6067:
6043:
6016:
5992:
5965:
5941:
5914:
5887:
5860:
5800:
5713:
5662:
5637:
5605:
5540:
5515:
5448:
5262:
5168:
5143:
5071:
5044:
4984:
4944:
4919:
4902:
4877:
4817:
4774:
4732:
4707:
4680:
4653:
4629:
4602:
4532:
4505:
4481:
4456:
4368:
4341:
4317:
4292:
4268:
4243:
4188:
4161:
4137:
4112:
4093:
3965:
3940:
3911:
3886:
3828:
3785:
3720:
3611:
3561:
3332:
3307:
3226:
3201:
3168:
3143:
2969:
2944:
2794:
2769:
2732:
2707:
2671:
2609:
2390:(COCs) have an approximate two to three times higher risk than second-generation COCs.
2119:
1980:
1537:
1531:
1317:
1152:
1140:. Reductions in fibrinolysis or increases in coagulation can increase the risk of DVT.
1089:
914:
906:
859:
815:
807:
736:
623:
603:
545:
513:
473:
319:
285:
79:
73:
11122:
9704:
9402:
9199:
9066:
9022:
7726:
7344:
Zöller B, Svensson PJ, Dahlbäck B, Lind-Hallden C, Hallden C, Elf J (September 2020).
7246:
5966:"Bilateral upper extremity DVT in a 43-year-old man: is it thoracic outlet syndrome?!"
5061:
4706:
Khan F, Rahman A, Carrier M, Kearon C, Weitz JI, Schulman S, et al. (July 2019).
4601:
Mukhopadhyay S, Johnson TA, Duru N, Buzza MS, Pawar NR, Sarkar R, et al. (2019).
3863:
3200:
Ortel TL, Neumann I, Ageno W, Beyth R, Clark NP, Cuker A, et al. (October 2020).
2040:, which is the preferred mechanical prophylaxis over graduated compression stockings.
2033:
1136:
and the clearing of clots that are no longer needed is accomplished by the process of
12121:
12070:
11970:
11615:
11525:
11480:
11450:
11401:
11342:
11307:
11266:
11225:
11137:
11091:
11086:
11069:
11047:
10993:
10952:
10904:
10748:
10711:
10699:
10578:
10480:
10445:
10404:
10390:
10352:
10298:
10257:
10216:
10175:
10140:
10061:
10009:
9960:
9946:
9908:
9859:
9802:
9767:
9718:
9666:
9615:
9563:
9496:
9416:
9367:
9311:
9262:
9213:
9122:
9070:
9026:
8964:
8913:
8882:
8846:
8815:
8779:
8774:
8757:
8756:
Keeling D, Baglin T, Tait C, Watson H, Perry D, Baglin C, et al. (August 2011).
8738:
8724:
8689:
8684:
8667:
8645:
8584:
8557:
8505:
8461:
8410:
8361:
8284:
8232:
8180:
8140:
8084:
8048:
7999:
7913:
7867:
7847:
7828:
7776:
7730:
7695:
7641:
7592:
7509:
7460:
7408:
7403:
7386:
7367:
7326:
7285:
7250:
7215:
7174:
7123:
7087:
7046:
7005:
6946:
6897:
6893:
6849:
6799:
6750:
6708:
6667:
6611:
6607:
6576:
6535:
6476:
6438:
6387:
6346:
6282:
6244:
6232:
6197:
6146:
6097:
6048:
5997:
5946:
5892:
5841:
5804:
5792:
5757:
5752:
5735:
5705:
5667:
5653:
5597:
5545:
5496:
5440:
5405:
5400:
5383:
5355:
5314:
5266:
5254:
5173:
5124:
5076:
5025:
4976:
4907:
4858:
4809:
4778:
4737:
4685:
4634:
4578:
4537:
4486:
4424:
4373:
4322:
4273:
4193:
4142:
4085:
4050:
4004:
3970:
3916:
3867:
3820:
3777:
3735:
3701:
3696:
3679:
3657:
3603:
3553:
3471:
3427:
3383:
3337:
3275:
3231:
3217:
3173:
3111:
3055:
3015:
2974:
2960:
2889:
2799:
2737:
2663:
2613:
2601:
1951:
1580:
1366:
1097:
1049:
780:
772:
501:
465:), dilation of surface veins, warmth, discoloration, a "pulling sensation", and even
254:
134:
126:
61:
10590:
10574:
10492:
10030:
Kahn SR, Lim W, Dunn AS, Cushman M, Dentali F, Akl EA, et al. (February 2012).
9814:
9730:
9248:
9038:
8827:
8192:
7925:
7879:
7321:
7304:
7262:
6861:
6294:
5717:
5609:
5452:
4988:
4821:
4220:
3847:
3832:
3615:
3565:
2185:
Other notable people have been affected by DVT. Former United States (US) President
12126:
11775:
11678:
11655:
11515:
11507:
11440:
11432:
11391:
11381:
11354:
11334:
11297:
11261:
11256:
11244:
11215:
11205:
11081:
11037:
11029:
10983:
10942:
10738:
10691:
10570:
10472:
10435:
10394:
10386:
10342:
10338:
10334:
10288:
10247:
10206:
10171:
10167:
10130:
10126:
10122:
10051:
10043:
9999:
9991:
9950:
9942:
9898:
9890:
9849:
9841:
9794:
9757:
9708:
9700:
9656:
9651:
9646:
9605:
9597:
9553:
9486:
9478:
9406:
9398:
9357:
9347:
9301:
9293:
9252:
9244:
9203:
9195:
9112:
9104:
9062:
9018:
8954:
8944:
8874:
8807:
8769:
8728:
8720:
8679:
8635:
8631:
8627:
8547:
8539:
8497:
8451:
8441:
8400:
8396:
8392:
8351:
8318:
8274:
8266:
8222:
8172:
8130:
8120:
8038:
8030:
7989:
7981:
7905:
7859:
7818:
7810:
7766:
7722:
7685:
7675:
7631:
7623:
7582:
7574:
7499:
7491:
7450:
7442:
7398:
7357:
7316:
7242:
7205:
7164:
7154:
7119:
7115:
7077:
7036:
6995:
6985:
6974:"Fibrinogen gamma gene rs2066865 and risk of cancer-related venous thromboembolism"
6958:
6938:
6909:
6889:
6839:
6789:
6781:
6742:
6698:
6657:
6647:
6603:
6566:
6525:
6515:
6488:
6468:
6428:
6418:
6377:
6336:
6326:
6274:
6224:
6187:
6177:
6136:
6128:
6087:
6079:
6038:
6028:
5987:
5977:
5936:
5926:
5882:
5872:
5831:
5788:
5784:
5747:
5697:
5657:
5649:
5589:
5535:
5527:
5486:
5432:
5395:
5345:
5304:
5244:
5163:
5155:
5114:
5066:
5056:
5015:
4968:
4939:
4931:
4897:
4889:
4848:
4801:
4766:
4727:
4719:
4675:
4665:
4624:
4614:
4568:
4527:
4517:
4476:
4468:
4414:
4404:
4363:
4353:
4312:
4304:
4263:
4255:
4183:
4173:
4132:
4124:
4077:
4040:
3960:
3952:
3906:
3898:
3859:
3812:
3789:
3769:
3691:
3647:
3595:
3543:
3535:
3461:
3417:
3373:
3327:
3319:
3265:
3221:
3213:
3163:
3155:
3101:
3005:
2964:
2956:
2879:
2789:
2781:
2727:
2719:
2675:
2653:
2593:
2500:
2315:
2239:
2170:
1947:
1774:
1770:
1762:
1758:
1365:
Calf swelling ≥ 3 cm compared to asymptomatic calf (measured 10 cm below
1219:
732:
529:
489:
277:
11421:"Venous thrombosis and post-thrombotic syndrome: from novel biomarkers to biology"
10695:
7362:
7345:
3378:
3361:
3270:
3253:
2138:
1837:. This treatment involves initial anticoagulation followed by thrombolysis of the
1607:
Vascular anatomy for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) point of care ultrasound (POCUS)
798:
12318:
12313:
12225:
11948:
11903:
11783:
11609:
11302:
11285:
10236:"2014 ESC guidelines on the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism"
10111:"Compression stockings for preventing deep vein thrombosis in airline passengers"
9482:
8878:
8356:
8339:
7771:
7754:
7082:
7065:
6990:
6703:
6686:
6382:
6365:
6182:
5836:
5819:
5593:
5350:
5333:
4972:
4097:
2190:
2166:
2159:
2142:
1894:
1838:
1754:
1722:
1321:
1293:
1170:
1041:
variant rs2066865 have about a 1.6 times higher risk of VTE. The genetic variant
989:
945:
treatment also increases risk. Obesity increases the potential of blood to clot,
863:
843:
669:
402:
371:
268:
The most common life-threatening concern with DVT is the potential for a clot to
155:
11018:"Virchow's contribution to the understanding of thrombosis and cellular biology"
9336:"A case of Paget-Schroetter syndrome (PSS) in a young judo tutor: a case report"
8842:
8576:
8501:
7277:
6555:"The antiphospholipid syndrome – often overlooked cause of vascular occlusions?"
6132:
6068:"VTE incidence and risk factors in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock"
6017:"Understanding infection-induced thrombosis: lessons learned from animal models"
6014:
5913:
Hangge P, Rotellini-Coltvet L, Deipolyi AR, Albadawi H, Oklu R (December 2017).
2640:
12367:
12217:
12080:
12040:
11975:
11936:
11847:
11210:
10743:
10726:
10252:
10235:
9762:
9745:
8901:
8072:
7814:
7578:
7446:
6652:
6228:
5309:
5292:
5144:"Provoked versus unprovoked venous thromboembolism: Findings from GARFIELD-VTE"
5020:
5003:
4573:
4556:
4259:
4178:
4045:
4028:
3652:
3635:
3406:"Incidence of venous thromboembolism in Asian populations: a systematic review"
3010:
2993:
2884:
2867:
2770:"Environmental and genetic risk factors associated with venous thromboembolism"
2338:
are potential therapies that might treat VTE without increasing bleeding risk.
2252:
2086:
1766:
1540:, MRI venography, or a non-contrast MRI are also diagnostic possibilities. The
1211:
1182:(not pictured). The cephalic and basilic veins, however, are superficial veins.
1144:
1076:
levels are associated with increased risk. Other associated conditions include
1057:
934:
701:
607:
179:
11620:
11583:
11579:
10682:
Andrews BL, Friedman Ross L (February 2021). "Black Women and Babies Matter".
9352:
9297:
8428:
Fleck D, Albadawi H, Wallace A, Knuttinen G, Naidu S, Oklu R (December 2017).
8270:
7985:
7159:
7025:"Homocystinuria: a rare disorder presenting as cerebral sinovenous thrombosis"
5877:
5701:
4759:"Significant risk of another thrombosis remains if anticoagulation is stopped"
3902:
3599:
3323:
3159:
2723:
1657:(a factor Xa inhibitor). Other anticoagulants cannot be taken by mouth. These
1186:
In arterial thrombosis, blood vessel wall damage is required, as it initiates
12468:
12235:
11898:
11494:
Guyatt GH, Akl EA, Crowther M, Gutterman DD, Schuünemann HJ (February 2012).
7909:
6826:
6258:
Borjas-Howard JF, Leeuw K, Rutgers A, Meijer K, Tichelaar VYIG (March 2019).
6033:
5119:
5102:
4805:
4619:
4358:
4081:
3816:
3106:
3089:
2318:
associated with VTE. In their updated 2018 clinical practice guidelines, the
2218:
2206:
2186:
2151:
1984:
1890:
1782:
1275:
1203:
to release tissue factor. Monocytes are also recruited early in the process.
1109:
847:
831:
827:
811:
315:
12062:
9601:
9558:
9541:
9093:"Pharmacomechanical catheter-directed thrombolysis for deep-vein thrombosis"
8949:
8845:(Report). Ottawa, ON: Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health.
8446:
8125:
7627:
7143:"Increased risk of deep vein thrombosis in end-stage renal disease patients"
6768:
Mantha S, Karp R, Raghavan V, Terrin N, Bauer KA, Zwicker JI (August 2012).
6331:
5931:
4670:
4308:
4160:
Aggarwal DG, Bhojraj SS, Behrainwalla AA, Jani CK, Mehta SS (January 2018).
4128:
2910:
2439:/mL fibrinogen equivalent units (FEU). A normal level is below these values.
1906:
1625:
Some anticoagulants can be taken by mouth, and these oral medicines include
1278:, which presumably begin clotting after binding to the endothelial surface.
12376:
12288:
12103:
11793:
11736:
11529:
11454:
11436:
11405:
11346:
11311:
11270:
11229:
11095:
11051:
10997:
10956:
10752:
10703:
10582:
10484:
10449:
10440:
10423:
10408:
10356:
10302:
10261:
10220:
10179:
10144:
10065:
10013:
9964:
9912:
9863:
9806:
9771:
9722:
9670:
9619:
9567:
9500:
9420:
9371:
9315:
9266:
9217:
9126:
9074:
9030:
8968:
8917:
8886:
8850:
8819:
8783:
8742:
8693:
8649:
8588:
8561:
8509:
8465:
8414:
8365:
8304:"Subsartorial vessels as replacement names for superficial femoral vessels"
8288:
8236:
8184:
8144:
8088:
8052:
8003:
7917:
7871:
7863:
7832:
7780:
7734:
7699:
7645:
7596:
7513:
7464:
7412:
7371:
7330:
7289:
7254:
7219:
7178:
7127:
7091:
7050:
7022:
7009:
6950:
6942:
6901:
6853:
6844:
6803:
6754:
6712:
6671:
6615:
6580:
6539:
6480:
6472:
6442:
6391:
6350:
6286:
6278:
6236:
6201:
6150:
6101:
6052:
6001:
5950:
5896:
5845:
5796:
5761:
5709:
5671:
5601:
5549:
5500:
5444:
5436:
5409:
5359:
5318:
5258:
5177:
5128:
5080:
5029:
4980:
4911:
4862:
4813:
4741:
4689:
4638:
4582:
4541:
4490:
4428:
4409:
4392:
4377:
4326:
4277:
4197:
4146:
4089:
4054:
4008:
3974:
3956:
3920:
3871:
3824:
3781:
3739:
3705:
3661:
3607:
3557:
3475:
3431:
3387:
3341:
3279:
3235:
3177:
3115:
3059:
3019:
2978:
2893:
2803:
2785:
2741:
2667:
2605:
1988:
1931:
1801:
1708:
1666:
1576:
1175:
1164:
1156:
1148:
1137:
1033:
than those with O blood type, increasing the likelihood of clotting. Those
1009:
962:
942:
902:
851:
823:
587:
521:
326:, and inflammation. Risk factors include recent surgery, older age, active
222:
11338:
11141:
10321:
Grosse SD, Nelson RE, Nyarko KA, Richardson LC, Raskob GE (January 2016).
10047:
9995:
9894:
9845:
9184:"Endovascular thrombus removal for acute iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis"
9169:
9108:
8543:
8430:"Below-knee deep vein thrombosis (DVT): diagnostic and treatment patterns"
7387:"Isolated distal deep vein thrombosis: what we know and what we are doing"
6083:
5982:
5045:"Endovascular Thrombus Removal for Acute Iliofemoral Deep Vein Thrombosis"
4770:
4522:
4472:
3941:"Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and natural history of pulmonary embolism"
3586:
Ratchford EV, Evans NS (March 2017). "Approach to lower extremity edema".
2658:
314:
The mechanism behind DVT formation typically involves some combination of
12441:
11837:
11639:
11511:
11033:
10947:
10930:
10476:
8995:
7680:
7210:
7193:
6520:
5531:
4853:
4836:
4506:"Painful swollen leg – think beyond deep vein thrombosis or Baker's cyst"
3939:
Turetz M, Sideris AT, Friedman OA, Triphathi N, Horowitz JM (June 2018).
3422:
3405:
2229:
2214:
2198:
2095:
2068:
1972:
1634:
1207:
1187:
1030:
973:
957:
tearing releases substances that favor clotting. Oral contraceptives and
819:
563:. It is life-threatening, limb-threatening, and carries a risk of venous
524:), travels through the right side of the heart, and becomes lodged as an
406:
323:
100:
11547:
11386:
10109:
Clarke MJ, Broderick C, Hopewell S, Juszczak E, Eisinga A (April 2021).
7495:
5915:"Paget-Schroetter syndrome: treatment of venous thrombosis and outcomes"
5513:
4935:
4893:
4419:
3548:
1380:
Swollen unilateral superficial veins (non-varicose, in symptomatic leg)
941:. In severe cases, this can lead to simultaneous clotting and bleeding.
12357:
12347:
12308:
12252:
12245:
12075:
11661:
10293:
10276:
9142:"Clot-busting drugs not recommended for most patients with blood clots"
8109:"Deep vein thrombosis: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and medical management"
7797:
Thålin C, Hisada Y, Lundström S, Mackman N, Wallén H (September 2019).
6571:
6554:
5912:
5159:
3760:
Stubbs MJ, Mouyis M, Thomas M (February 2018). "Deep vein thrombosis".
3539:
2597:
2331:
2327:
2267:
2155:
1943:
1939:
1889:
After treatment with catheter-directed thrombolysis, blood flow in the
1658:
1646:
1545:
1271:
1129:
1065:
1034:
950:
677:
661:
572:
541:
537:
355:
351:
258:
209:
163:
151:
11172:"The drugs that companies promote to doctors are rarely breakthroughs"
10988:
10971:
10211:
10194:
8379:
Cundiff DK, Manyemba J, Pezzullo JC (January 2006). Cundiff DK (ed.).
8227:
8210:
8034:
6785:
6423:
5514:
Previtali E, Bucciarelli P, Passamonti SM, Martinelli I (April 2011).
5491:
5474:
5249:
5232:
4723:
4557:"Clinical presentation of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism"
4162:"Phlegmasia cerulea dolens following heparin-induced thrombocytopenia"
3466:
3449:
3252:
Borgel D, Bianchini E, Lasne D, Pascreau T, Saller F (December 2019).
2469:
Evidence for anticoagulation comes from studies other than definitive
2056:. Preventive measures for pregnancy-related VTE were suggested by the
2044:
surgeries, early and frequent walking is the best preventive measure.
1995:
to prevent one initial VTE is about 2000, limiting its applicability.
1845:
to relieve the thoracic outlet compression and prevent recurrent DVT.
1685:
968:
12111:
11852:
11788:
11744:
11727:
11722:
11650:
11123:"Diagnostic test comparisons in patients with deep venous thrombosis"
10081:"New DVT guidelines: No evidence to support "economy-class syndrome""
8176:
5858:
5475:"Management of venous thromboembolism – controversies and the future"
3773:
3678:
Lloyd NS, Douketis JD, Moinuddin I, Lim W, Crowther MA (March 2008).
3450:"Management of venous thromboembolism – controversies and the future"
2323:
2244:
2174:
2099:
1247:
1238:
1224:
1200:
1128:
Blood has a natural tendency to clot when blood vessels are damaged (
1073:
1069:
1005:
1001:
867:
855:
549:
517:
347:
262:
178:
Frequent walking, calf exercises, maintaining a healthy body weight,
10233:
9230:
5004:"Therapeutic anticoagulation for isolated calf deep vein thrombosis"
12325:
11927:
11864:
11798:
11749:
11419:
Metz AK, Diaz JA, Obi AT, Wakefield TW, Myers DD, Henke PK (2018).
8758:"Guidelines on oral anticoagulation with warfarin – fourth edition"
6827:"Factor V Leiden: how great is the risk of venous thromboembolism?"
3719:
Conklin P, Soares GM, Dubel GJ, Ahn SH, Murphy TP (December 2009).
3142:
Heil J, Miesbach W, Vogl T, Bechstein WO, Reinisch A (April 2017).
2474:
2012:
1898:
1654:
1642:
1626:
1619:
993:
954:
898:
894:
866:, paralysis, sitting, long-haul travel, bed rest, hospitalization,
835:
748:
689:
673:
564:
485:
466:
414:
410:
269:
230:
159:
11016:
Kumar DR, Hanlin E, Glurich I, Mazza JJ, Yale SH (December 2010).
10537:"Serena Williams on motherhood, marriage, and making her comeback"
9928:
8073:"Diagnosing DVT in nonpregnant adults in the primary care setting"
7848:"Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Arterial and Venous Thrombosis"
7343:
7023:
Eslamiyeh H, Ashrafzadeh F, Akhondian J, Beiraghi Toosi M (2015).
874:. Conditions that involve compromised blood flow in the veins are
735:
when the clots are developing or have recently developed, whereas
10606:"Expert: Chris Bosh, like many, at risk of blood clot recurrence"
10192:
9334:
Ijaopo R, Oguntolu V, DCosta D, Garnham A, Hobbs S (March 2016).
7713:
López JA, Chen J (2009). "Pathophysiology of venous thrombosis".
7664:"Resolution of deep venous thrombosis: proposed immune paradigms"
4390:
4026:
2210:
1436:
1289:
1281:
525:
492:. It can co-occur with DVT and can be felt as a "palpable cord".
426:
418:
390:
378:. In total, dozens of genetic risk factors have been identified.
331:
273:
191:
110:
11286:"Economic burden of venous thromboembolism: a systematic review"
10768:"Hillary Clinton has not been quick to share health information"
9827:
6633:
2991:
1575:
showing absence of flow and hyperechogenic content in a clotted
767:
compared to proximal DVT. Calf DVT makes up about half of DVTs.
11718:
11574:
11559:
10972:"The history and historical treatments of deep vein thrombosis"
10108:
9746:"Statin treatment and the risk of recurrent pulmonary embolism"
8902:"Anticoagulation: updated guidelines for outpatient management"
7896:
Myers DD (March 2015). "Pathophysiology of venous thrombosis".
6257:
6114:
4159:
4067:
2436:
1979:
are thought to reduce risk. Statins have been investigated for
1738:
1694:
1215:
890:
871:
779:; elsewhere, it has been defined as involving at a minimum the
756:
583:
327:
308:
106:
10560:
9743:
9464:
8933:"Statins as a preventative therapy for venous thromboembolism"
8016:
7104:
6823:
3938:
2521:
Estimated in United States dollars, estimate published in 2019
441:
10372:
10274:
8863:
8796:
8427:
7309:
Hematology. American
Society of Hematology. Education Program
6824:
Shaheen K, Alraies MC, Alraiyes AH, Christie R (April 2012).
5963:
5774:
5579:
5381:
5293:"Mechanistic view of risk factors for venous thromboembolism"
5233:"Cytokine and chemokine regulation of venous thromboembolism"
4920:"Correction: Diagnosis and treatment of deep-vein thrombosis"
4603:"Fibrinolysis and inflammation in venous thrombus resolution"
3254:"Inflammation in deep vein thrombosis: a therapeutic target?"
2942:
2583:
2478:
2432:
1354:
Active cancer (treatment within last 6 months or palliative)
458:
451:
10320:
9977:
9279:
9090:
7967:
7796:
7480:"Anatomic distribution of deep vein thrombosis in pregnancy"
5859:
Béliard S, Feuvrier D, Ducroux E, Salomon du Mont L (2018).
5635:
5001:
4654:"Advanced imaging in acute and chronic deep vein thrombosis"
4651:
4600:
4454:
3251:
3087:
1579:(labeled subsartorial) distal to the branching point of the
660:
In most suspected cases, DVT is ruled out after evaluation.
276:
through the right side of the heart, and become lodged in a
12094:
11367:
10931:"In search of venous thromboembolism: the first 2913 years"
9333:
8574:
8162:
7560:
6404:
3404:
Lee LH, Gallus A, Jindal R, Wang C, Wu CC (December 2017).
2865:
2353:
Venous thrombosis associated with drainage from the brain (
2298:
1823:
1790:
281:
11493:
9876:
9784:
9635:"Statins for primary prevention of venous thromboembolism"
9465:
Kitchen L, Lawrence M, Speicher M, Frumkin K (July 2016).
8601:
8211:"Controversies in the diagnosis of venous thromboembolism"
8106:
3493:
2994:"Thrombosis: a major contributor to global disease burden"
2767:
712:
10083:. American College of Chest Physicians. 7 February 2012.
8930:
8525:
8337:
6593:
6363:
5290:
3848:"Physical examination findings in deep venous thrombosis"
3677:
3141:
8706:
8665:
7275:
6927:
6767:
6163:
5382:
Lijfering WM, Rosendaal FR, Cannegieter SC (June 2010).
4834:
3305:
2189:
had recurrent DVT, and so has former Secretary of State
1703:
Structural representations of the backbone of heparins (
1235:, which inhibits the breakdown of clots (fibrinolysis).
905:, increase risk. Chronic inflammatory diseases and some
834:
in the blood, the concentration of oxygen, and possible
11194:"Direct oral anticoagulants and venous thromboembolism"
11165:
11163:
11015:
10658:"Serena Williams Hospitalized After Pulmonary Embolism"
8755:
8487:
8378:
8311:
International Journal of Anatomy, Radiology and Surgery
7845:
6971:
6214:
5817:
4705:
3884:
3524:
3088:
Abbattista M, Capecchi M, Martinelli I (January 2020).
2768:
Crous-Bou M, Harrington LB, Kabrhel C (November 2016).
1132:) to minimize blood loss. Clotting is activated by the
878:, where a vein of the pelvis is compressed, and venous
622:
A CT image with red arrows indicating PE (grey) in the
405:
is the standard treatment. Typical medications include
381:
People suspected of having DVT can be assessed using a
10969:
10823:"11 Celebrities Who Battled Deep Vein Thrombosis Risk"
10421:
10281:
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health
9181:
9007:
7233:
Kyrle PA, Eichinger S (2005). "Deep vein thrombosis".
6065:
5042:
4503:
3885:
Campello E, Ilich A, Simioni P, Key NS (August 2019).
3199:
1274:, prompting monocytes to release tissue factor-filled
886:, where compression occurs near the base of the neck.
11242:
10632:"Chris Bosh officially out as Heat make playoff push"
9384:
8613:
6636:"Cancer-associated thrombosis: the when, how and why"
5230:
4339:
3718:
2460:
is a proposed name for a section of the femoral vein.
1873:
A venogram before catheter-directed thrombolysis for
1439:, or recent cast immobilization of lower extremities
12480:
Diseases of veins, lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes
11708:
11537:
11418:
11368:
Fernandez MM, Hogue S, Preblick R, Kwong WJ (2015).
11160:
10848:"Coroner: Rapper Heavy D died of blood clot in lung"
10681:
9385:
Turner TE, Saeed MJ, Novak E, Brown DL (July 2018).
7846:
Laridan E, Martinod K, De Meyer SF (February 2019).
6687:"How I treat disseminated intravascular coagulation"
6315:"The role of inflammation in venous thromboembolism"
5964:
Jabri H, Mukherjee S, Sanghavi D, Chalise S (2014).
5422:
5291:
Reitsma PH, Versteeg HH, Middeldorp S (March 2012).
5141:
3588:
Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine
3362:"Global burden of thrombosis: epidemiologic aspects"
2641:"Update on the management of venous thromboembolism"
2477:
and safety for anticoagulation vs. placebo or using
2126:, and it is present in about 70% of those with VTE.
11148:
11102:
10462:
10277:"Sedentary work and risk of venous thromboembolism"
10157:
9683:
9168:National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.
9051:
8994:National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.
8899:
8666:de Jong PG, Coppens M, Middeldorp S (August 2012).
8253:Rahaghi FN, Minhas JK, Heresi GA (September 2018).
8252:
7477:
7431:"Fibrinolysis and the control of blood coagulation"
6732:
6501:
6312:
5729:
5727:
5148:
Research and Practice in Thrombosis and Haemostasis
4958:
4504:Arumilli BR, Lenin Babu V, Paul AS (January 2008).
3403:
2499:An INR is determined from the ratio of a patient's
1998:
1930:Patients with a history of DVT might be managed by
638:
A case of phlegmasia cerulea dolens in the left leg
16:
Formation of a blood clot (thrombus) in a deep vein
11283:
11070:"Virchow and his triad: a question of attribution"
10029:
7803:Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
7661:
7567:Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
7063:
6825:
6552:
6461:Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
5297:Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
4791:
3802:
3759:
3640:Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
3636:"A clinical perspective of venous thromboembolism"
2998:Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
2639:
1519:ultrasonography for suspected deep vein thrombosis
1424:Localized tenderness along the deep venous system
457:Additional signs and symptoms include tenderness,
11191:
10970:Galanaud JP, Laroche JP, Righini M (March 2013).
8614:Middeldorp S, Prins MH, Hutten BA (August 2014).
8204:
8202:
7384:
7346:"Genetic risk factors for venous thromboembolism"
7064:Ortel TL, Erkan D, Kitchens CS (September 2015).
6308:
6306:
6304:
5865:BMC Sports Science, Medicine & Rehabilitation
5516:"Risk factors for venous and arterial thrombosis"
4878:"Diagnosis and treatment of deep-vein thrombosis"
4561:Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology
4290:
4248:Clinical Practice and Cases in Emergency Medicine
2098:, a sensation of heaviness, and in severe cases,
12466:
11120:
10724:
9684:Kunutsor SK, Seidu S, Khunti K (February 2017).
9633:Li L, Zhang P, Tian JH, Yang K (December 2014).
9237:Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes
8840:
6629:
6627:
6625:
5733:
5724:
3489:
3487:
3485:
3355:
3353:
3351:
3090:"Treatment of unusual thrombotic manifestations"
2705:
2221:had DVT that progressed to a PE when he was 89.
2020:, a procedure that can precipitate DVT formation
1262:, which can activate these pathways, as well as
602:is thought to allow clots to travel through the
10025:
10023:
9632:
9539:
8900:Wigle P, Hein B, Bernheisel CR (October 2019).
8575:Shikdar S, Vashisht R, Bhattacharya PT (2021).
8066:
8064:
8062:
7748:
7746:
7744:
7657:
7655:
7609:
7478:Chan WS, Spencer FA, Ginsberg JS (April 2010).
7276:McLendon K, Goyal A, Bansal P, Attia M (2020).
7066:"How I treat catastrophic thrombotic syndromes"
5103:"Long-term treatment of venous thromboembolism"
4828:
4701:
4699:
3845:
3581:
3579:
3577:
3575:
3359:
11370:"Review of the cost of venous thromboembolism"
11361:
9579:
9577:
8199:
7961:
7792:
7790:
7662:Nicklas JM, Gordon AE, Henke PK (March 2020).
7424:
7422:
7232:
6508:Open Access Rheumatology: Research and Reviews
6301:
5472:
5231:Najem MY, Couturaud F, Lemarié CA (May 2020).
5193:"Clot Chronicles: unprovoked vs. provoked VTE"
4917:
4875:
4219:. American College of Surgeons. Archived from
3986:
3984:
3585:
3447:
3443:
3441:
2706:Heit JA, Spencer FA, White RH (January 2016).
2394:use is not associated with increased VTE risk.
1472:Positive D-dimer (≥ 0.5 mcg/mL or 1.7 nmol/L)
1391:Unilateral pitting edema (in symptomatic leg)
1258:. Hypoxemia also results in the production of
82:, redness, enlarged veins in the affected limb
56:DVT in the right leg with swelling and redness
11694:
11169:
11121:Line BR, Peters TL, Keenan J (January 1997).
11063:
11061:
11011:
11009:
11007:
10924:
10922:
10920:
10073:
9583:
8208:
7891:
7889:
7839:
7471:
7269:
7016:
6879:
6819:
6817:
6815:
6813:
6622:
6008:
5683:
5681:
5575:
5573:
5571:
5569:
5567:
5565:
5563:
5561:
5559:
5507:
3482:
3348:
3247:
3245:
3144:"Deep vein thrombosis of the upper extremity"
2938:
2936:
2934:
2932:
2579:
2577:
2575:
1975:reduce DVT risk. Avoiding both smoking and a
1266:, which regulates hypoxia-inducible factor-1
721:DVT and PE are the two manifestations of the
398:to 20% of what is seen in Western countries.
10816:
10814:
10793:"Cheney diagnosed with deep-vein thrombosis"
10675:
10456:
10368:
10366:
10020:
9924:
9922:
9821:
9533:
9175:
9164:
9162:
8990:
8988:
8986:
8984:
8982:
8980:
8978:
8924:
8834:
8059:
7741:
7652:
7428:
6587:
5852:
5468:
5466:
5464:
5462:
5416:
5377:
5375:
5373:
5371:
5369:
5286:
5284:
5282:
5280:
5278:
5276:
5226:
5224:
5222:
5220:
5218:
4696:
4450:
4448:
4446:
4444:
4442:
4440:
4438:
3934:
3932:
3930:
3673:
3671:
3572:
3137:
3135:
3133:
3131:
3129:
3127:
3125:
2708:"The epidemiology of venous thromboembolism"
2573:
2571:
2569:
2567:
2565:
2563:
2561:
2559:
2557:
2555:
2435:/mL D-dimer units (DDU) or greater than 0.5
1781:." It is not recommended practice to obtain
1744:
342:of VTE, trauma, injuries, lack of movement,
121:of VTE, injuries, trauma, lack of movement,
11412:
11192:Franchini M, Mannucci PM (September 2016).
11187:
11185:
10186:
10115:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
9639:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
9574:
9515:"Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Filter Placement"
9329:
9327:
9325:
9086:
9084:
8661:
8659:
8620:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
8521:
8519:
8385:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
8248:
8246:
7945:. Mayo Medical Laboratories. Archived from
7787:
7752:
7668:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
7419:
7337:
7296:
7226:
4645:
4596:
4594:
4592:
4284:
4241:
3981:
3852:Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America
3846:Kennedy D, Setnik G, Li J (November 2001).
3839:
3629:
3627:
3625:
3520:
3518:
3516:
3514:
3512:
3510:
3508:
3506:
3504:
3502:
3438:
3301:
3299:
3297:
3295:
3293:
3291:
3289:
2861:
2859:
2857:
2855:
2853:
2851:
2849:
2847:
2845:
2843:
2841:
2839:
2837:
2835:
2833:
2637:
12274:Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency
11701:
11687:
11236:
11058:
11004:
10917:
10530:
10528:
10268:
8421:
8301:
8158:
8156:
8154:
7886:
7526:
7302:
7191:
6923:
6921:
6919:
6810:
6684:
6546:
6251:
6108:
6059:
5687:
5678:
5631:
5629:
5627:
5625:
5623:
5621:
5619:
5556:
5100:
4765:(Plain English summary). 31 October 2019.
4554:
4291:Abdul W, Hickey B, Wilson C (April 2016).
4110:
4022:
4020:
4018:
3878:
3753:
3399:
3397:
3242:
3195:
3193:
3191:
3189:
3187:
3083:
3081:
3037:
3035:
3033:
3031:
3029:
2929:
2915:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2831:
2829:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2821:
2819:
2817:
2815:
2813:
2251:In 1856, German physician and pathologist
507:
47:
19:"DVT" redirects here. For other uses, see
11519:
11444:
11395:
11385:
11301:
11260:
11219:
11209:
11085:
11067:
11041:
10987:
10963:
10946:
10820:
10811:
10742:
10725:Pascarella L, Pappas TN (February 2013).
10439:
10398:
10363:
10346:
10316:
10314:
10312:
10292:
10251:
10210:
10134:
10055:
10003:
9954:
9919:
9902:
9853:
9778:
9761:
9714:1983/5a398e70-6c7c-40bd-a8d4-53c24d84f1a2
9712:
9660:
9650:
9609:
9590:Journal of the American Heart Association
9557:
9490:
9471:The Western Journal of Emergency Medicine
9410:
9361:
9351:
9305:
9256:
9207:
9159:
9116:
8975:
8958:
8948:
8790:
8773:
8732:
8700:
8683:
8639:
8551:
8455:
8445:
8404:
8355:
8322:
8278:
8226:
8134:
8124:
8042:
8010:
7993:
7822:
7770:
7712:
7689:
7679:
7635:
7586:
7503:
7454:
7402:
7378:
7361:
7320:
7209:
7168:
7158:
7081:
7057:
7040:
6999:
6989:
6843:
6793:
6728:
6726:
6724:
6722:
6702:
6661:
6651:
6570:
6553:Svenungsson E, Antovic A (January 2020).
6529:
6519:
6454:
6452:
6432:
6422:
6381:
6357:
6340:
6330:
6191:
6181:
6140:
6091:
6042:
6032:
5991:
5981:
5940:
5930:
5908:
5906:
5886:
5876:
5835:
5751:
5661:
5539:
5490:
5459:
5399:
5366:
5349:
5308:
5273:
5248:
5215:
5167:
5135:
5118:
5096:
5094:
5092:
5090:
5070:
5060:
5019:
4995:
4943:
4901:
4869:
4852:
4731:
4679:
4669:
4628:
4618:
4572:
4548:
4531:
4521:
4480:
4435:
4418:
4408:
4384:
4367:
4357:
4340:Zietz A, Sutter R, De Marchis GM (2020).
4316:
4267:
4235:
4187:
4177:
4136:
4044:
3964:
3927:
3910:
3796:
3695:
3668:
3651:
3547:
3465:
3421:
3377:
3331:
3269:
3225:
3167:
3122:
3105:
3041:
3009:
2985:
2968:
2883:
2793:
2731:
2701:
2699:
2697:
2695:
2693:
2691:
2689:
2687:
2685:
2657:
2552:
1461:Alternative diagnosis at least as likely
988:of VTE is a risk factor for a first VTE.
763:when affecting the calf, and has limited
751:). DVT in a leg below the knee is termed
655:
11425:Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal
11277:
11182:
10554:
10227:
10102:
9799:10.7326/0003-4819-156-10-201205150-00423
9626:
9322:
9273:
9146:Washington University School of Medicine
9139:
9081:
9045:
8893:
8749:
8656:
8516:
8483:
8481:
8479:
8477:
8475:
8372:
8331:
8243:
8102:
8100:
8098:
7937:
7935:
7556:
7554:
7385:Palareti G, Schellong S (January 2012).
6875:
6873:
6871:
6157:
5331:
5325:
5036:
4952:
4589:
4166:Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine
4153:
3622:
3499:
3286:
2633:
2631:
2629:
2627:
2625:
2623:
2266:
2228:
2137:
2067:
2011:
1905:
1544:for judging imaging methods is contrast
1237:
1169:
1120:
967:
797:
711:
440:
11318:
11170:Ornstein C, Jones RG (7 January 2015).
10928:
10903:. New York: Random House. p. 409.
10765:
10534:
10525:
10415:
10151:
9540:Partsch H, Blättler W (November 2000).
9001:
8841:Chatsis V, Visintini S (January 2017).
8812:10.7326/0003-4819-153-8-201010190-00009
8151:
8070:
7610:Ro A, Kageyama N, Mukai T (June 2017).
7603:
6916:
6596:Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology
5616:
4918:Scarvelis D, Wells PS (November 2007).
4785:
4104:
4015:
3990:
3712:
3394:
3184:
3078:
3026:
2810:
783:, which is near the top of the pelvis.
12467:
11374:ClinicoEconomics and Outcomes Research
11324:
10718:
10655:
10629:
10309:
9971:
9584:Folsom AR, Cushman M (December 2020).
9133:
8577:"International normalized ratio (INR)"
7755:"The role of leukocytes in thrombosis"
7706:
7140:
6761:
6719:
6678:
6458:
6449:
6398:
6217:Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis
5903:
5811:
5734:Rosendaal FR, Reitsma PH (July 2009).
5190:
5087:
4876:Scarvelis D, Wells PS (October 2006).
4213:"Management of venous thromboembolism"
4210:
3360:Wendelboe AM, Raskob GE (April 2016).
2763:
2761:
2759:
2757:
2755:
2753:
2751:
2712:Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis
2682:
2431:An elevated level is greater than 250
2314:reported more than doubling the known
2305:
1333:experienced physicians can make a DVT
1082:catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome
939:disseminated intravascular coagulation
743:DVT in a leg above the knee is termed
272:(detach from the veins), travel as an
66:
12046:Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
11682:
11472:
11284:Ruppert A, Steinle T, Lees M (2011).
11154:
11108:
10976:Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
10898:
10603:
10199:Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
10070:See section 6.0, Long-Distance Travel
8472:
8215:Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
8095:
7932:
7895:
7852:Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis
7551:
7539:from the original on 23 February 2011
7429:Chapin JC, Hajjar KA (January 2015).
7391:Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
7278:"Deep venous thrombosis risk factors"
6965:
6931:Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis
6868:
6747:10.1146/annurev-physiol-012110-142305
6267:Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis
5957:
5740:Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
5425:Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis
5237:Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
4961:Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
4753:
4751:
4242:Mazer BA, Hughes PG (November 2018).
4113:"A case of phlegmasia cerulea dolens"
3749:from the original on 6 February 2013.
3684:Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
2905:
2903:
2774:Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis
2620:
1983:(prevention of a first VTE), and the
1857:The first rib, which is removed in a
1206:Tissue factor, via the tissue factor–
1104:, intravenous drug use, and smoking.
771:is described as involving either the
664:is a frequent mimic of DVT, with its
650:A depiction of a patent foramen ovale
582:DVT is thought to be able to cause a
516:(PE) occurs when a blood clot from a
436:
12051:Generalized essential telangiectasia
9737:
9458:
9433:
9378:
8937:Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy
8568:
8434:Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy
8113:Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy
7943:"DDI/9290 clinical: D-dimer, plasma"
7484:Canadian Medical Association Journal
6832:Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
6411:Clinical and Experimental Immunology
6313:Branchford BR, Carpenter SL (2018).
5919:Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy
4924:Canadian Medical Association Journal
4882:Canadian Medical Association Journal
4658:Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy
3945:Seminars in Interventional Radiology
3633:
3048:The American Journal of Managed Care
3044:"Overview of venous thromboembolism"
2646:Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
2201:was diagnosed with an episode while
2072:An example of a compression stocking
1925:
806:Traditionally, the three factors of
334:, infection, inflammatory diseases,
113:, infection, inflammatory diseases,
10874:"My husband should be living today"
10513:from the original on 14 August 2012
9224:
9097:The New England Journal of Medicine
7753:Swystun LL, Liaw PC (August 2016).
7520:
7098:
6502:Knight CL, Nelson-Piercy C (2017).
6495:
4204:
2748:
2213:'s death at age 44. NBC journalist
1861:surgery, is labeled 1 in this image
1086:paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
688:include tumors, venous or arterial
579:is a rare complication of arm DVT.
13:
7305:"Is thrombophilia testing useful?"
7029:Iranian Journal of Child Neurology
6685:Levi M, Scully M (February 2018).
5473:Keeling D, Alikhan R (June 2013).
5101:Kearon C, Kahn SR (January 2020).
4748:
4510:World Journal of Surgical Oncology
3448:Keeling D, Alikhan R (June 2013).
3148:Deutsches Ärzteblatt International
2900:
2334:, and a reduction in formation of
2038:intermittent pneumatic compression
1116:
575:is warranted to protect the limb.
431:intermittent pneumatic compression
184:intermittent pneumatic compression
105:Recent surgery, older age, active
14:
12496:
11068:Bagot CN, Arya R (October 2008).
10935:American Journal of Roentgenology
10684:The American Journal of Bioethics
9403:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.0452
9200:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.037425
8209:Le Gal G, Righini M (June 2015).
5062:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.037425
4070:Vascular and Endovascular Surgery
3728:Medicine and Health, Rhode Island
2911:"What is Venous Thromboembolism?"
1901:from thoracic outlet compression.
1815:contraindications to thrombolysis
1233:plasminogen activator inhibitor-1
707:
500:is a noted finding in those with
12201:Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis
11114:
11087:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2008.07323.x
11022:Clinical Medicine & Research
10892:
10866:
10840:
10785:
10766:Frankel TC (11 September 2016).
10759:
10649:
10623:
10597:
10499:
10391:10.1182/bloodadvances.2018024786
10087:from the original on 3 June 2016
9947:10.1182/bloodadvances.2018024802
9870:
9677:
9507:
9436:"What kind of doctor do I need?"
9427:
8867:The American Journal of Medicine
8857:
8775:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2011.08753.x
8725:10.1182/bloodadvances.2018024893
8685:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2012.09196.x
8607:
8595:
8295:
7404:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2011.04564.x
7192:Reikvam H, Tiu RV (April 2012).
6894:10.1111/j.1399-0004.2011.01746.x
6608:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.08.003
5753:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2009.03394.x
5654:10.1182/bloodadvances.2018022954
5401:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2010.08206.x
4555:Bauersachs RM (September 2012).
3697:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02847.x
3528:The Medical Journal of Australia
3218:10.1182/bloodadvances.2020001830
2961:10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000975
2638:Bartholomew JR (December 2017).
2586:The Medical Journal of Australia
2533:
2524:
2515:
2506:
2493:
2484:
2463:
2451:
2442:
2425:
2415:
2406:
2355:cerebral venous sinus thrombosis
2193:. She was first diagnosed while
2007:
1999:Hospital (non-surgical) patients
1882:
1866:
1850:
1796:
1693:
1684:
1600:
1588:
1565:
1553:
1078:heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
643:
631:
615:
10821:Rodriguez D (12 October 2018).
10575:10.1016/j.disamonth.2018.12.005
9340:Journal of Medical Case Reports
9249:10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.119.005659
7322:10.1182/asheducation-2011.1.150
7185:
7134:
6208:
5768:
5736:"Genetics of venous thrombosis"
5334:"Factor V Leiden thrombophilia"
5203:from the original on 8 May 2021
5197:North American Thrombosis Forum
5184:
4497:
4333:
4061:
3993:"Pulmonary embolism: an update"
2397:
2380:
2347:
2109:
1306:clinical probability assessment
1256:early-growth-response protein 1
937:can contribute to both VTE and
188:graduated compression stockings
12152:Hepatic veno-occlusive disease
11262:10.1016/j.thromres.2014.11.024
11074:British Journal of Haematology
10339:10.1016/j.thromres.2015.11.033
10172:10.1016/j.thromres.2017.07.026
10127:10.1002/14651858.CD004002.pub4
9652:10.1002/14651858.CD008203.pub3
9140:Bhandari T (6 December 2017).
8762:British Journal of Haematology
8672:British Journal of Haematology
8632:10.1002/14651858.CD001367.pub3
8397:10.1002/14651858.CD003746.pub2
7141:Lu HY, Liao KM (August 2018).
7120:10.1016/j.thromres.2015.04.006
5789:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.04.105
5479:British Journal of Haematology
5388:British Journal of Haematology
3454:British Journal of Haematology
3042:Phillippe HM (December 2017).
2336:neutrophil extracellular traps
2320:American Society of Hematology
2058:American Society of Hematology
1807:catheter-directed thrombolysis
1675:international normalized ratio
1197:neutrophil extracellular traps
1054:activated protein C resistance
788:European Society of Cardiology
700:, muscle vein thrombosis, and
520:(a DVT) detaches from a vein (
476:can cause both legs to swell.
386:
288:(PE). DVT and PE comprise the
203:catheter-directed thrombolysis
1:
11964:Aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva
11818:Monckeberg's arteriosclerosis
10696:10.1080/15265161.2020.1861384
10604:Perez AJ (17 February 2016).
10535:Haskell R (10 January 2018).
9705:10.1016/S2352-3026(16)30184-3
9067:10.1016/S2352-3026(15)00248-3
9023:10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61753-4
8324:10.7860/IJARS/2019/40329:2458
8302:Häggström, M (January 2019).
7727:10.1016/S0049-3848(09)70140-9
7363:10.1080/17474086.2020.1804354
7247:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)71880-8
3864:10.1016/s0733-8627(05)70223-6
3379:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.115.306841
3271:10.1080/16078454.2019.1687144
2545:
2016:The incision for a completed
1961:
1789:in asymptomatic individuals.
1661:(non-oral) medicines include
1612:
996:resistant to inactivation by
976:system, often described as a
858:fractures are also risks. In
257:involving the formation of a
12269:Chronic venous insufficiency
11894:Aortoiliac occlusive disease
11303:10.3111/13696998.2010.546465
11290:Journal of Medical Economics
9483:10.5811/westjem.2016.5.29951
8879:10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.11.031
8357:10.1161/CIR.0b013e318214914f
7772:10.1182/blood-2016-05-718114
7083:10.1182/blood-2014-09-551978
6991:10.3324/haematol.2019.224279
6704:10.1182/blood-2017-10-804096
6559:Journal of Internal Medicine
6383:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000769
6183:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003101
5837:10.1161/STR.0000000000000098
5594:10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181c9cbd9
5351:10.1097/GIM.0b013e3181faa0f2
5332:Kujovich JL (January 2011).
5191:Piazza G (19 October 2019).
4973:10.1097/MCP.0b013e328349a9e3
4111:Turner DPB (November 1952).
2471:randomized controlled trials
2388:combined oral contraceptives
2291:
2080:
2063:
2047:
1787:CT of the abdomen and pelvis
1663:low-molecular-weight heparin
1299:
1048:Blood alterations including
1014:deficiencies in antithrombin
959:hormonal replacement therapy
927:systemic lupus erythematosus
870:, and in survivors of acute
682:chronic venous insufficiency
504:and is associated with DVT.
482:superficial thrombophlebitis
219:low-molecular-weight heparin
168:chronic venous insufficiency
7:
12284:Inferior vena cava syndrome
12279:Superior vena cava syndrome
12006:Vertebral artery dissection
11996:Intracranial berry aneurysm
11198:European Respiratory Review
11130:Journal of Nuclear Medicine
10929:Goodman LR (October 2013).
9787:Annals of Internal Medicine
9546:Journal of Vascular Surgery
8800:Annals of Internal Medicine
8502:10.1016/j.chest.2015.11.026
8165:Annals of Internal Medicine
8071:Pyzocha N (December 2019).
7616:Annals of Vascular Diseases
7350:Expert Review of Hematology
6735:Annual Review of Physiology
6640:European Respiratory Review
6133:10.1016/j.chest.2020.11.005
3997:Australian Family Physician
3991:Doherty S (November 2017).
2197:in 1998 and again in 2009.
1505:Use of oral contraceptives
1195:pro-coagulant granules and
698:superficial vein thrombosis
694:connective tissue disorders
577:Superior vena cava syndrome
478:Superficial vein thrombosis
280:that supplies blood to the
10:
12501:
12385:Hypertensive heart disease
12036:Arteriovenous malformation
12011:Familial aortic dissection
11211:10.1183/16000617.0025-2016
10901:Jimmy Stewart: A Biography
10744:10.1177/000313481307900222
10465:Thrombosis and Haemostasis
10246:(43): 3033–69, 3069a–69k.
7815:10.1161/ATVBAHA.119.312463
7579:10.1161/ATVBAHA.110.213405
7533:Disease Management Project
7447:10.1016/j.blre.2014.09.003
6653:10.1183/16000617.0119-2018
6229:10.1007/s11239-020-02211-7
5310:10.1161/ATVBAHA.111.242818
5021:10.1001/jamasurg.2016.1770
4574:10.1016/j.beha.2012.07.004
4260:10.5811/cpcem.2018.8.39444
4179:10.4103/ijccm.IJCCM_183_16
3653:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.162818
3410:Thrombosis and Haemostasis
3011:10.1161/ATVBAHA.114.304488
2363:splanchnic vein thrombosis
2361:), spleen and intestines (
2310:A 2019 study published in
2282:direct oral anticoagulants
2224:
1920:absolutely contraindicated
1286:fibrin degradation product
1252:hypoxia-inducible factor-1
1012:—contribute to VTE. These
911:inflammatory bowel disease
494:Migratory thrombophlebitis
215:Direct oral anticoagulants
18:
12440:
12410:Renovascular hypertension
12375:
12366:
12353:Hepatic artery thrombosis
12301:
12261:
12216:
12120:
12102:
12093:
12061:
12021:
12001:Carotid artery dissection
11954:Abdominal aortic aneurysm
11926:
11886:
11863:
11804:Intermittent claudication
11774:
11767:Peripheral artery disease
11765:
11735:
11717:
11630:
11541:
10656:Moisse K (2 March 2011).
9353:10.1186/s13256-016-0848-0
9298:10.1007/s40122-019-0124-2
8906:American Family Physician
8271:10.1016/j.ccm.2018.04.003
8259:Clinics in Chest Medicine
8077:American Family Physician
7986:10.1016/j.ahj.2013.01.024
7160:10.1186/s12882-018-0989-z
5878:10.1186/s13102-018-0092-6
5702:10.1258/phleb.2012.012S31
3903:10.1038/s41416-019-0510-x
3891:British Journal of Cancer
3600:10.1007/s11936-017-0518-6
3324:10.1038/s41588-019-0519-3
3160:10.3238/arztebl.2017.0244
2724:10.1007/s11239-015-1311-6
2261:impedance plethysmography
2133:
2024:Major orthopedic surgery—
1968:prevention of blood clots
1936:general internal medicine
1916:inferior vena cava filter
1875:Paget–Schroetter syndrome
1835:Paget–Schroetter syndrome
1745:Investigations for cancer
1651:direct thrombin inhibitor
1645:(a factor Xa inhibitor),
1227:, cytokines that promote
1102:essential thrombocythemia
923:antiphospholipid syndrome
884:Paget–Schroetter syndrome
846:increase risk because of
830:components, the state of
793:
561:phlegmasia cerulea dolens
548:). The chest pain can be
336:antiphospholipid syndrome
236:
208:
197:
174:
145:
133:
127:period following delivery
115:antiphospholipid syndrome
99:
86:
72:
60:
55:
46:
38:
33:
12395:Hypertensive nephropathy
12208:Post-thrombotic syndrome
12189:Paget–Schroetter disease
11981:Coronary artery aneurysm
11959:Thoracic aortic aneurysm
10253:10.1093/eurheartj/ehu283
10042:(2 Suppl): e195S–e226S.
9990:(2 Suppl): e691S–e736S.
9840:(2 Suppl): e278S–e325S.
9763:10.1093/eurheartj/eht046
8998:" London, 26 March 2020.
7910:10.1177/0268355515569424
7529:"Venous thromboembolism"
7527:Kim ES, Bartholomew JR.
6034:10.3389/fimmu.2019.02569
5970:Case Reports in Medicine
5120:10.1182/blood.2019002364
4806:10.1177/0003319708316897
4620:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01348
4467:(2 Suppl): e351S–e418S.
4359:10.3389/fneur.2020.00336
4082:10.1177/1538574410388309
4046:10.1093/eurheartj/ehz405
3817:10.1177/0003319708316897
3107:10.1182/blood.2019000918
2885:10.1093/eurheartj/ehx003
2341:
2018:knee replacement surgery
1956:Interventional radiology
1831:thoracic outlet syndrome
1731:post-thrombotic syndrome
1402:Previous documented DVT
1349:Dutch Primary Care Rule
880:thoracic outlet syndrome
484:, is the formation of a
305:post-thrombotic syndrome
93:Post-thrombotic syndrome
12450:Orthostatic hypotension
12432:White coat hypertension
11909:Fibromuscular dysplasia
11873:Carotid artery stenosis
10630:Martin J (4 May 2016).
9602:10.1161/JAHA.120.019395
9559:10.1067/mva.2000.110352
9172:" London, 12 June 2019.
8950:10.21037/cdt.2017.09.12
8583:. Treasure Island, FL.
8447:10.21037/cdt.2017.11.03
8126:10.21037/cdt.2017.09.01
7628:10.3400/avd.ra.17-00035
7284:. Treasure Island, FL.
6332:10.3389/fped.2018.00142
6319:Frontiers in Pediatrics
6021:Frontiers in Immunology
5932:10.21037/cdt.2017.08.15
4671:10.21037/cdt.2016.12.06
4607:Frontiers in Immunology
4309:10.1136/bcr-2016-215078
4129:10.1136/bmj.2.4795.1183
4117:British Medical Journal
2375:ovarian vein thrombosis
2359:retinal vein thrombosis
2277:subcutaneous injections
1573:Doppler ultrasonography
1413:Swelling of entire leg
1330:Dutch Primary Care Rule
1260:reactive oxygen species
1229:endothelial dysfunction
508:Potential complications
338:, personal history and
12422:Pulmonary hypertension
12405:Secondary hypertension
12400:Essential hypertension
12390:Hypertensive emergency
12231:Portacaval anastomosis
12167:Portal vein thrombosis
11809:Critical limb ischemia
11710:Cardiovascular disease
11476:Venous thromboembolism
11437:10.14797/mdcj-14-3-173
10509:. American Red Cross.
10441:10.1001/jama.2011.2029
10240:European Heart Journal
9889:(2 Suppl): e227S–77S.
9750:European Heart Journal
9693:The Lancet Haematology
9519:Johns Hopkins Medicine
9055:The Lancet Haematology
8538:(2 Suppl): e419S–96S.
7974:American Heart Journal
7864:10.1055/s-0038-1677040
6943:10.1055/s-0032-1315758
6845:10.3949/ccjm.79a.11072
6473:10.1055/s-0032-1311791
6279:10.1055/s-0038-1661387
5582:Critical Care Medicine
5437:10.1055/s-0038-1657779
4410:10.4244/EIJ-D-18-00622
4346:Frontiers in Neurology
4033:European Heart Journal
3957:10.1055/s-0038-1642036
2872:European Heart Journal
2786:10.1055/s-0036-1592333
2272:
2234:
2146:
2073:
2030:total knee replacement
2021:
1993:number needed to treat
1911:
1671:unfractionated heparin
1523:compression ultrasound
1483:Absence of leg trauma
1243:
1183:
1125:
1094:chronic kidney disease
1052:, low free protein S,
981:
889:Infections, including
803:
726:venous thromboembolism
723:cardiovascular disease
718:
686:differential diagnoses
656:Differential diagnosis
610:into the left atrium.
554:compression ultrasound
490:vein close to the skin
446:
352:period following birth
344:hormonal birth control
294:venous thromboembolism
290:cardiovascular disease
227:unfractionated heparin
147:Differential diagnosis
123:hormonal birth control
117:, personal history or
42:Deep venous thrombosis
12427:Systolic hypertension
12172:Renal vein thrombosis
12031:Arteriovenous fistula
12023:Vascular malformation
11991:Intracranial aneurysm
11878:Renal artery stenosis
11339:10.1592/phco.29.8.943
10048:10.1378/chest.11-2296
9996:10.1378/chest.11-2300
9895:10.1378/chest.11-2297
9846:10.1378/chest.11-2404
9434:Moll S (9 May 2012).
9109:10.1056/NEJMoa1615066
8873:(4): 447.e1–447.e20.
8544:10.1378/chest.11-2301
7303:Middeldorp S (2011).
6084:10.1378/chest.15-0287
4771:10.3310/signal-000830
4523:10.1186/1477-7819-6-6
4473:10.1378/chest.11-2299
3634:Moll S (March 2008).
3054:(20 Suppl): S376–82.
2659:10.3949/ccjm.84.s3.04
2652:(12 Suppl 3): 39–46.
2392:Progestogen-only pill
2371:renal vein thrombosis
2270:
2232:
2141:
2124:varies with ethnicity
2071:
2054:postpartum hemorrhage
2026:total hip replacement
2015:
1909:
1241:
1192:activated endothelium
1180:brachiocephalic veins
1173:
1124:
1039:fibrinogen gamma gene
1027:von Willebrand factor
971:
818:, and changes in the
801:
765:clinical significance
731:DVT is classified as
715:
586:in the presence of a
540:, coughing up blood (
498:Trousseau's syndrome)
486:blood clot (thrombus)
444:
370:and the mutations of
12341:Paradoxical embolism
12336:Cholesterol embolism
12162:May–Thurner syndrome
12157:Budd–Chiari syndrome
12140:Deep vein thrombosis
12135:primarily lower limb
11914:Raynaud's phenomenon
11667:Deep vein thrombosis
11512:10.1378/chest.1412S3
11034:10.3121/cmr.2009.866
10948:10.2214/AJR.13.10604
10731:The American Surgeon
10477:10.1160/TH10-08-0510
8943:(Suppl 3): S207–18.
8440:(Suppl 3): S134–39.
8221:(Suppl 1): S259–65.
8119:(Suppl 3): S276–84.
7681:10.3390/ijms21062080
7535:. Cleveland Clinic.
7211:10.1038/leu.2011.314
6521:10.2147/OARRR.S87828
5925:(Suppl 3): S285–90.
5532:10.2450/2010.0066-10
5338:Genetics in Medicine
4854:10.1001/jama.2010.43
3423:10.1160/TH17-02-0134
3366:Circulation Research
2367:Budd–Chiari syndrome
2034:hip fracture surgery
1977:Western pattern diet
1914:The placement of an
1751:physical examination
1631:vitamin K antagonist
1346:Wells score for DVT
1335:pre-test probability
1314:emergency department
1218:rich. Platelets and
1062:hyperhomocysteinemia
876:May–Thurner syndrome
600:patent foramen ovale
592:paradoxical embolism
569:compartment syndrome
316:decreased blood flow
247:Deep vein thrombosis
125:, pregnancy and the
34:Deep vein thrombosis
21:DVT (disambiguation)
12417:Benign hypertension
11506:(2 Suppl): 7S–47S.
11387:10.2147/CEOR.S85635
11249:Thrombosis Research
10772:The Washington Post
10327:Thrombosis Research
10160:Thrombosis Research
7721:(Suppl 4): S30–34.
7715:Thrombosis Research
7496:10.1503/cmaj.091692
7108:Thrombosis Research
5983:10.1155/2014/758010
5777:Psychiatry Research
5746:(Suppl 1): 301–04.
4936:10.1503/cmaj.071550
4894:10.1503/cmaj.060366
2306:Research directions
2205:, and TV show host
1859:first rib resection
1843:first rib resection
1639:factor Xa inhibitor
1147:(behind the knee),
1134:coagulation cascade
1043:prothrombin G20210A
998:activated protein C
907:autoimmune diseases
777:common femoral vein
590:. This is called a
534:shortness of breath
376:prothrombin G20210A
284:. This is called a
12331:Pulmonary embolism
12241:Esophageal varices
12179:upper limb / torso
11823:Arteriolosclerosis
11631:External resources
11176:The New York Times
10854:. 27 December 2011
10294:10.5271/sjweh.3841
9446:on 28 January 2020
8602:Guyatt et al. 2012
6572:10.1111/joim.13022
5160:10.1002/rth2.12482
4223:on 27 January 2012
4211:Owings JT (2005).
3540:10.5694/mja2.50004
3494:Guyatt et al. 2012
3066:on 30 January 2020
2598:10.5694/mja2.50201
2286:The New York Times
2273:
2235:
2158:and hall of famer
2147:
2074:
2022:
1981:primary prevention
1912:
1538:CT scan venography
1532:color flow Doppler
1244:
1242:D-dimer production
1184:
1153:inferior vena cava
1126:
1090:nephrotic syndrome
982:
947:as does pregnancy.
915:systemic sclerosis
860:orthopedic surgery
816:hypercoagulability
804:
719:
624:pulmonary arteries
604:interatrial septum
514:pulmonary embolism
474:inferior vena cava
447:
437:Signs and symptoms
358:, deficiencies of
286:pulmonary embolism
182:(blood thinners),
12462:
12461:
12458:
12457:
12302:Arteries or veins
12297:
12296:
12122:Venous thrombosis
12089:
12088:
12071:Cherry hemangioma
11971:Aortic dissection
11922:
11921:
11757:Buerger's disease
11676:
11675:
11473:Dalen JE (2003).
10989:10.1111/jth.12127
10212:10.1111/jth.14728
9391:JAMA Network Open
8228:10.1111/jth.12937
8035:10.1136/bmj.g1340
7980:(4): 523–530.e3.
7949:on 8 October 2012
7904:(1 Suppl): 7–13.
7241:(9465): 1163–74.
6882:Clinical Genetics
6786:10.1136/bmj.e4944
6424:10.1111/cei.13243
5696:(Suppl 2): 2–11.
5588:(2 Suppl): S3-9.
5520:Blood Transfusion
5492:10.1111/bjh.12306
5250:10.1111/jth.14759
4724:10.1136/bmj.l4363
4303:: bcr2016215078.
4123:(4795): 1183–85.
3467:10.1111/bjh.12306
2473:that demonstrate
2386:Third-generation
1952:vascular medicine
1926:Field of medicine
1811:bottom left image
1581:deep femoral vein
1515:
1514:
1367:tibial tuberosity
1264:nuclear factor-κB
1220:white blood cells
1098:polycythemia vera
1072:levels, and high
1050:dysfibrinogenemia
919:Behçet's syndrome
882:, which includes
781:common iliac vein
544:), and fainting (
502:pancreatic cancer
324:blood vessel wall
322:, changes to the
255:venous thrombosis
244:
243:
201:Anticoagulation,
135:Diagnostic method
129:, genetic factors
28:Medical condition
12492:
12373:
12372:
12184:Mondor's disease
12127:Thrombophlebitis
12100:
12099:
11776:Arteriosclerosis
11772:
11771:
11733:
11732:
11703:
11696:
11689:
11680:
11679:
11539:
11538:
11533:
11523:
11490:
11466:Cited literature
11459:
11458:
11448:
11416:
11410:
11409:
11399:
11389:
11365:
11359:
11358:
11322:
11316:
11315:
11305:
11281:
11275:
11274:
11264:
11240:
11234:
11233:
11223:
11213:
11204:(141): 295–302.
11189:
11180:
11179:
11167:
11158:
11152:
11146:
11145:
11127:
11118:
11112:
11106:
11100:
11099:
11089:
11065:
11056:
11055:
11045:
11013:
11002:
11001:
10991:
10967:
10961:
10960:
10950:
10926:
10915:
10914:
10899:Eliot M (2006).
10896:
10890:
10889:
10887:
10885:
10870:
10864:
10863:
10861:
10859:
10844:
10838:
10837:
10835:
10833:
10818:
10809:
10808:
10806:
10804:
10789:
10783:
10782:
10780:
10778:
10763:
10757:
10756:
10746:
10722:
10716:
10715:
10679:
10673:
10672:
10670:
10668:
10653:
10647:
10646:
10644:
10642:
10627:
10621:
10620:
10618:
10616:
10601:
10595:
10594:
10558:
10552:
10551:
10549:
10547:
10532:
10523:
10522:
10520:
10518:
10503:
10497:
10496:
10460:
10454:
10453:
10443:
10419:
10413:
10412:
10402:
10385:(22): 3292–316.
10370:
10361:
10360:
10350:
10318:
10307:
10306:
10296:
10272:
10266:
10265:
10255:
10231:
10225:
10224:
10214:
10190:
10184:
10183:
10155:
10149:
10148:
10138:
10106:
10100:
10099:
10094:
10092:
10077:
10071:
10069:
10059:
10027:
10018:
10017:
10007:
9975:
9969:
9968:
9958:
9926:
9917:
9916:
9906:
9874:
9868:
9867:
9857:
9825:
9819:
9818:
9782:
9776:
9775:
9765:
9741:
9735:
9734:
9716:
9690:
9681:
9675:
9674:
9664:
9654:
9645:(12): CD008203.
9630:
9624:
9623:
9613:
9581:
9572:
9571:
9561:
9537:
9531:
9530:
9528:
9526:
9511:
9505:
9504:
9494:
9462:
9456:
9455:
9453:
9451:
9442:. Archived from
9431:
9425:
9424:
9414:
9382:
9376:
9375:
9365:
9355:
9331:
9320:
9319:
9309:
9286:Pain and Therapy
9277:
9271:
9270:
9260:
9228:
9222:
9221:
9211:
9179:
9173:
9166:
9157:
9156:
9154:
9152:
9137:
9131:
9130:
9120:
9088:
9079:
9078:
9049:
9043:
9042:
9005:
8999:
8992:
8973:
8972:
8962:
8952:
8928:
8922:
8921:
8897:
8891:
8890:
8861:
8855:
8854:
8838:
8832:
8831:
8794:
8788:
8787:
8777:
8753:
8747:
8746:
8736:
8704:
8698:
8697:
8687:
8663:
8654:
8653:
8643:
8611:
8605:
8599:
8593:
8592:
8572:
8566:
8565:
8555:
8523:
8514:
8513:
8485:
8470:
8469:
8459:
8449:
8425:
8419:
8418:
8408:
8376:
8370:
8369:
8359:
8350:(16): 1788–830.
8335:
8329:
8328:
8326:
8308:
8299:
8293:
8292:
8282:
8250:
8241:
8240:
8230:
8206:
8197:
8196:
8177:10.7326/M17-0291
8160:
8149:
8148:
8138:
8128:
8104:
8093:
8092:
8068:
8057:
8056:
8046:
8014:
8008:
8007:
7997:
7965:
7959:
7958:
7956:
7954:
7939:
7930:
7929:
7893:
7884:
7883:
7843:
7837:
7836:
7826:
7794:
7785:
7784:
7774:
7750:
7739:
7738:
7710:
7704:
7703:
7693:
7683:
7659:
7650:
7649:
7639:
7607:
7601:
7600:
7590:
7558:
7549:
7548:
7546:
7544:
7524:
7518:
7517:
7507:
7475:
7469:
7468:
7458:
7426:
7417:
7416:
7406:
7382:
7376:
7375:
7365:
7341:
7335:
7334:
7324:
7300:
7294:
7293:
7273:
7267:
7266:
7230:
7224:
7223:
7213:
7189:
7183:
7182:
7172:
7162:
7138:
7132:
7131:
7102:
7096:
7095:
7085:
7061:
7055:
7054:
7044:
7020:
7014:
7013:
7003:
6993:
6969:
6963:
6962:
6925:
6914:
6913:
6877:
6866:
6865:
6847:
6829:
6821:
6808:
6807:
6797:
6765:
6759:
6758:
6730:
6717:
6716:
6706:
6682:
6676:
6675:
6665:
6655:
6631:
6620:
6619:
6591:
6585:
6584:
6574:
6550:
6544:
6543:
6533:
6523:
6499:
6493:
6492:
6456:
6447:
6446:
6436:
6426:
6402:
6396:
6395:
6385:
6361:
6355:
6354:
6344:
6334:
6310:
6299:
6298:
6264:
6255:
6249:
6248:
6212:
6206:
6205:
6195:
6185:
6161:
6155:
6154:
6144:
6112:
6106:
6105:
6095:
6063:
6057:
6056:
6046:
6036:
6012:
6006:
6005:
5995:
5985:
5961:
5955:
5954:
5944:
5934:
5910:
5901:
5900:
5890:
5880:
5856:
5850:
5849:
5839:
5815:
5809:
5808:
5772:
5766:
5765:
5755:
5731:
5722:
5721:
5685:
5676:
5675:
5665:
5648:(22): 3198–225.
5633:
5614:
5613:
5577:
5554:
5553:
5543:
5511:
5505:
5504:
5494:
5470:
5457:
5456:
5420:
5414:
5413:
5403:
5379:
5364:
5363:
5353:
5329:
5323:
5322:
5312:
5288:
5271:
5270:
5252:
5228:
5213:
5212:
5210:
5208:
5188:
5182:
5181:
5171:
5139:
5133:
5132:
5122:
5098:
5085:
5084:
5074:
5064:
5040:
5034:
5033:
5023:
4999:
4993:
4992:
4956:
4950:
4949:
4947:
4915:
4905:
4873:
4867:
4866:
4856:
4832:
4826:
4825:
4789:
4783:
4782:
4755:
4746:
4745:
4735:
4703:
4694:
4693:
4683:
4673:
4649:
4643:
4642:
4632:
4622:
4598:
4587:
4586:
4576:
4552:
4546:
4545:
4535:
4525:
4501:
4495:
4494:
4484:
4452:
4433:
4432:
4422:
4412:
4403:(13): 1389–402.
4397:EuroIntervention
4388:
4382:
4381:
4371:
4361:
4337:
4331:
4330:
4320:
4297:BMJ Case Reports
4288:
4282:
4281:
4271:
4239:
4233:
4232:
4230:
4228:
4208:
4202:
4201:
4191:
4181:
4157:
4151:
4150:
4140:
4108:
4102:
4101:
4065:
4059:
4058:
4048:
4024:
4013:
4012:
3988:
3979:
3978:
3968:
3936:
3925:
3924:
3914:
3882:
3876:
3875:
3843:
3837:
3836:
3800:
3794:
3793:
3774:10.1136/bmj.k351
3757:
3751:
3750:
3748:
3725:
3716:
3710:
3709:
3699:
3675:
3666:
3665:
3655:
3631:
3620:
3619:
3583:
3570:
3569:
3551:
3522:
3497:
3491:
3480:
3479:
3469:
3445:
3436:
3435:
3425:
3401:
3392:
3391:
3381:
3357:
3346:
3345:
3335:
3303:
3284:
3283:
3273:
3249:
3240:
3239:
3229:
3212:(19): 4693–738.
3197:
3182:
3181:
3171:
3139:
3120:
3119:
3109:
3085:
3076:
3075:
3073:
3071:
3062:. Archived from
3039:
3024:
3023:
3013:
2989:
2983:
2982:
2972:
2955:(23): 3898–944.
2940:
2927:
2926:
2924:
2922:
2907:
2898:
2897:
2887:
2863:
2808:
2807:
2797:
2765:
2746:
2745:
2735:
2703:
2680:
2679:
2661:
2643:
2635:
2618:
2617:
2581:
2540:
2537:
2531:
2528:
2522:
2519:
2513:
2510:
2504:
2501:prothrombin time
2497:
2491:
2488:
2482:
2467:
2461:
2455:
2449:
2446:
2440:
2429:
2423:
2419:
2413:
2410:
2404:
2401:
2395:
2384:
2378:
2373:), and ovaries (
2351:
2240:Sushruta Samhita
1948:vascular surgery
1886:
1870:
1854:
1771:hepatic function
1763:full blood count
1759:cancer screening
1757:, and universal
1697:
1688:
1604:
1592:
1569:
1557:
1340:
1339:
1320:is the standard
864:orthopedic casts
802:Depiction of DVT
647:
635:
619:
530:pulmonary artery
480:, also known as
320:tendency to clot
278:pulmonary artery
51:
31:
30:
12500:
12499:
12495:
12494:
12493:
12491:
12490:
12489:
12465:
12464:
12463:
12454:
12436:
12362:
12319:Microangiopathy
12314:Macroangiopathy
12293:
12257:
12226:Gastric varices
12212:
12125:
12116:
12085:
12057:
12017:
11949:Aortic aneurysm
11935:
11918:
11904:Erythromelalgia
11882:
11859:
11784:Atherosclerosis
11761:
11725:
11713:
11707:
11677:
11672:
11671:
11626:
11625:
11550:
11536:
11487:
11463:
11462:
11417:
11413:
11366:
11362:
11327:Pharmacotherapy
11323:
11319:
11282:
11278:
11241:
11237:
11190:
11183:
11168:
11161:
11153:
11149:
11125:
11119:
11115:
11107:
11103:
11066:
11059:
11028:(3–4): 168–72.
11014:
11005:
10968:
10964:
10927:
10918:
10911:
10897:
10893:
10883:
10881:
10872:
10871:
10867:
10857:
10855:
10846:
10845:
10841:
10831:
10829:
10827:Everyday Health
10819:
10812:
10802:
10800:
10791:
10790:
10786:
10776:
10774:
10764:
10760:
10723:
10719:
10680:
10676:
10666:
10664:
10654:
10650:
10640:
10638:
10628:
10624:
10614:
10612:
10602:
10598:
10563:Disease-a-Month
10559:
10555:
10545:
10543:
10533:
10526:
10516:
10514:
10505:
10504:
10500:
10461:
10457:
10420:
10416:
10371:
10364:
10319:
10310:
10273:
10269:
10232:
10228:
10191:
10187:
10156:
10152:
10121:(4): CD004002.
10107:
10103:
10090:
10088:
10079:
10078:
10074:
10028:
10021:
9976:
9972:
9941:(22): 3317–59.
9927:
9920:
9875:
9871:
9826:
9822:
9783:
9779:
9756:(24): 1800–06.
9742:
9738:
9688:
9682:
9678:
9631:
9627:
9596:(23): e019395.
9582:
9575:
9538:
9534:
9524:
9522:
9513:
9512:
9508:
9463:
9459:
9449:
9447:
9432:
9428:
9383:
9379:
9332:
9323:
9278:
9274:
9243:(10): e005659.
9229:
9225:
9180:
9176:
9167:
9160:
9150:
9148:
9138:
9134:
9103:(23): 2240–52.
9089:
9082:
9050:
9046:
9017:(9810): 31–38.
9006:
9002:
8993:
8976:
8929:
8925:
8898:
8894:
8862:
8858:
8839:
8835:
8795:
8791:
8754:
8750:
8719:(22): 3257–91.
8705:
8701:
8664:
8657:
8626:(8): CD001367.
8612:
8608:
8600:
8596:
8573:
8569:
8524:
8517:
8486:
8473:
8426:
8422:
8391:(1): CD003746.
8377:
8373:
8336:
8332:
8306:
8300:
8296:
8251:
8244:
8207:
8200:
8161:
8152:
8105:
8096:
8069:
8060:
8029:(7949): g1340.
8015:
8011:
7966:
7962:
7952:
7950:
7941:
7940:
7933:
7894:
7887:
7844:
7840:
7795:
7788:
7751:
7742:
7711:
7707:
7660:
7653:
7608:
7604:
7559:
7552:
7542:
7540:
7525:
7521:
7476:
7472:
7427:
7420:
7383:
7379:
7342:
7338:
7301:
7297:
7274:
7270:
7231:
7227:
7190:
7186:
7139:
7135:
7103:
7099:
7076:(11): 1285–93.
7062:
7058:
7021:
7017:
6970:
6966:
6926:
6917:
6878:
6869:
6822:
6811:
6780:(7872): e4944.
6766:
6762:
6731:
6720:
6683:
6679:
6646:(151): 180119.
6632:
6623:
6592:
6588:
6551:
6547:
6500:
6496:
6457:
6450:
6403:
6399:
6376:(24): e914–31.
6362:
6358:
6311:
6302:
6262:
6256:
6252:
6213:
6209:
6176:(5): e1003101.
6162:
6158:
6113:
6109:
6064:
6060:
6013:
6009:
5962:
5958:
5911:
5904:
5857:
5853:
5830:(6): e98–e169.
5816:
5812:
5773:
5769:
5732:
5725:
5686:
5679:
5634:
5617:
5578:
5557:
5512:
5508:
5471:
5460:
5421:
5417:
5380:
5367:
5330:
5326:
5289:
5274:
5229:
5216:
5206:
5204:
5189:
5185:
5140:
5136:
5099:
5088:
5041:
5037:
5000:
4996:
4957:
4953:
4916:
4874:
4870:
4833:
4829:
4790:
4786:
4757:
4756:
4749:
4718:(8209): l4363.
4704:
4697:
4650:
4646:
4599:
4590:
4553:
4549:
4502:
4498:
4453:
4436:
4389:
4385:
4338:
4334:
4289:
4285:
4240:
4236:
4226:
4224:
4209:
4205:
4158:
4154:
4109:
4105:
4066:
4062:
4025:
4016:
3989:
3982:
3937:
3928:
3883:
3879:
3844:
3840:
3801:
3797:
3758:
3754:
3746:
3723:
3717:
3713:
3676:
3669:
3632:
3623:
3584:
3573:
3523:
3500:
3492:
3483:
3446:
3439:
3416:(12): 2243–60.
3402:
3395:
3358:
3349:
3318:(11): 1574–79.
3312:Nature Genetics
3304:
3287:
3250:
3243:
3198:
3185:
3140:
3123:
3086:
3079:
3069:
3067:
3040:
3027:
3004:(11): 2363–71.
2990:
2986:
2941:
2930:
2920:
2918:
2917:. 14 March 2019
2909:
2908:
2901:
2878:(47): 4208–18.
2864:
2811:
2766:
2749:
2704:
2683:
2636:
2621:
2582:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2534:
2529:
2525:
2520:
2516:
2511:
2507:
2498:
2494:
2489:
2485:
2468:
2464:
2456:
2452:
2447:
2443:
2430:
2426:
2422:thrombophilias.
2420:
2416:
2411:
2407:
2402:
2398:
2385:
2381:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2312:Nature Genetics
2308:
2294:
2227:
2191:Hillary Clinton
2167:Serena Williams
2160:Hakeem Olajuwon
2143:Serena Williams
2136:
2112:
2083:
2066:
2050:
2010:
2001:
1964:
1928:
1902:
1895:subclavian vein
1887:
1878:
1871:
1862:
1855:
1839:subclavian vein
1799:
1755:medical history
1747:
1723:decision making
1719:
1718:
1717:
1716:
1700:
1699:
1698:
1690:
1689:
1615:
1608:
1605:
1596:
1593:
1584:
1570:
1561:
1558:
1302:
1294:Anticoagulation
1119:
1117:Pathophysiology
1037:for the common
990:Factor V Leiden
935:adenocarcinomas
808:Virchow's triad
796:
769:Iliofemoral DVT
759:), also called
710:
658:
651:
648:
639:
636:
627:
620:
510:
439:
383:prediction rule
372:factor V Leiden
253:) is a type of
95:, recurrent VTE
29:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
12498:
12488:
12487:
12482:
12477:
12475:Coagulopathies
12460:
12459:
12456:
12455:
12453:
12452:
12446:
12444:
12438:
12437:
12435:
12434:
12429:
12424:
12419:
12414:
12413:
12412:
12402:
12397:
12392:
12387:
12381:
12379:
12370:
12368:Blood pressure
12364:
12363:
12361:
12360:
12355:
12350:
12345:
12344:
12343:
12338:
12333:
12323:
12322:
12321:
12316:
12305:
12303:
12299:
12298:
12295:
12294:
12292:
12291:
12286:
12281:
12276:
12271:
12265:
12263:
12259:
12258:
12256:
12255:
12250:
12249:
12248:
12243:
12238:
12228:
12222:
12220:
12218:Varicose veins
12214:
12213:
12211:
12210:
12205:
12204:
12203:
12193:
12192:
12191:
12186:
12176:
12175:
12174:
12169:
12164:
12159:
12154:
12144:
12143:
12142:
12131:
12129:
12118:
12117:
12115:
12114:
12108:
12106:
12097:
12091:
12090:
12087:
12086:
12084:
12083:
12081:Spider angioma
12078:
12073:
12067:
12065:
12063:Vascular nevus
12059:
12058:
12056:
12055:
12054:
12053:
12048:
12041:Telangiectasia
12038:
12033:
12027:
12025:
12019:
12018:
12016:
12015:
12014:
12013:
12008:
12003:
11998:
11993:
11983:
11978:
11976:Aortic rupture
11973:
11968:
11967:
11966:
11961:
11956:
11941:
11939:
11937:pseudoaneurysm
11924:
11923:
11920:
11919:
11917:
11916:
11911:
11906:
11901:
11896:
11890:
11888:
11884:
11883:
11881:
11880:
11875:
11869:
11867:
11861:
11860:
11858:
11857:
11856:
11855:
11850:
11848:Oxycholesterol
11845:
11840:
11835:
11830:
11820:
11814:
11813:
11812:
11811:
11806:
11801:
11796:
11791:
11780:
11778:
11769:
11763:
11762:
11760:
11759:
11754:
11753:
11752:
11741:
11739:
11730:
11715:
11714:
11706:
11705:
11698:
11691:
11683:
11674:
11673:
11670:
11669:
11658:
11647:
11635:
11634:
11632:
11628:
11627:
11624:
11623:
11612:
11601:
11586:
11567:
11551:
11546:
11545:
11543:
11542:Classification
11535:
11534:
11491:
11486:978-0824756451
11485:
11469:
11461:
11460:
11411:
11360:
11317:
11276:
11235:
11181:
11159:
11147:
11113:
11101:
11057:
11003:
10962:
10941:(4): W576-81.
10916:
10910:978-1400052226
10909:
10891:
10880:. 3 March 2005
10865:
10839:
10810:
10799:. 6 March 2007
10784:
10758:
10717:
10674:
10648:
10622:
10596:
10553:
10524:
10498:
10455:
10434:(3): 294–303.
10414:
10379:Blood Advances
10362:
10308:
10267:
10226:
10185:
10150:
10101:
10072:
10019:
9970:
9935:Blood Advances
9918:
9869:
9820:
9793:(10): 720–27.
9777:
9736:
9699:(2): e83–e93.
9676:
9625:
9573:
9532:
9506:
9457:
9426:
9397:(3): e180452.
9377:
9321:
9272:
9223:
9194:(9): 1162–73.
9174:
9158:
9132:
9080:
9044:
9000:
8974:
8923:
8892:
8856:
8833:
8789:
8748:
8713:Blood Advances
8699:
8655:
8606:
8604:, p. 22S: 3.2.
8594:
8567:
8515:
8471:
8420:
8371:
8330:
8317:(1): AV01–02.
8294:
8265:(3): 493–504.
8242:
8198:
8150:
8094:
8083:(12): 778–80.
8058:
8009:
7960:
7931:
7885:
7838:
7809:(9): 1724–38.
7786:
7740:
7705:
7651:
7602:
7550:
7519:
7470:
7418:
7377:
7336:
7295:
7268:
7225:
7184:
7147:BMC Nephrology
7133:
7114:(6): 1107–09.
7097:
7056:
7015:
6984:(7): 1963–68.
6964:
6915:
6867:
6809:
6760:
6718:
6677:
6621:
6586:
6545:
6494:
6448:
6397:
6356:
6300:
6250:
6207:
6156:
6127:(3): 1182–96.
6107:
6078:(5): 1224–30.
6058:
6007:
5956:
5902:
5851:
5810:
5767:
5723:
5677:
5642:Blood Advances
5615:
5555:
5506:
5458:
5415:
5365:
5324:
5272:
5243:(5): 1009–19.
5214:
5183:
5134:
5086:
5055:(9): 1162–73.
5035:
5014:(9): e161770.
4994:
4951:
4888:(9): 1087–92.
4868:
4827:
4784:
4747:
4695:
4664:(6): 493–507.
4644:
4588:
4547:
4496:
4434:
4383:
4332:
4283:
4234:
4203:
4152:
4103:
4060:
4039:(4): 543–603.
4014:
4003:(11): 816–20.
3980:
3926:
3877:
3838:
3795:
3768:(8142): k351.
3752:
3734:(12): 394–97.
3711:
3667:
3621:
3571:
3498:
3496:, p. 20S: 2.4.
3481:
3437:
3393:
3372:(9): 1340–47.
3347:
3285:
3241:
3206:Blood Advances
3183:
3154:(14): 244–49.
3121:
3077:
3025:
2984:
2949:Blood Advances
2928:
2899:
2809:
2747:
2681:
2619:
2592:(11): 516–24.
2550:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2541:
2532:
2523:
2514:
2505:
2492:
2483:
2462:
2450:
2441:
2424:
2414:
2405:
2396:
2379:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2307:
2304:
2293:
2290:
2253:Rudolf Virchow
2233:Rudolf Virchow
2226:
2223:
2203:Vice President
2135:
2132:
2111:
2108:
2087:mortality rate
2082:
2079:
2065:
2062:
2049:
2046:
2009:
2006:
2000:
1997:
1963:
1960:
1927:
1924:
1904:
1903:
1888:
1881:
1879:
1872:
1865:
1863:
1856:
1849:
1798:
1795:
1753:, a review of
1746:
1743:
1702:
1701:
1692:
1691:
1683:
1682:
1681:
1680:
1679:
1614:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1606:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1587:
1585:
1571:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1552:
1513:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1502:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1491:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1480:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1458:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1447:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1432:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1421:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1410:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1399:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1388:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1377:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1362:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1351:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1301:
1298:
1212:red blood cell
1145:popliteal vein
1118:
1115:
1110:thrombophilias
1058:homocystinuria
992:, which makes
986:family history
832:microparticles
795:
792:
709:
708:Classification
706:
702:varicose veins
657:
654:
653:
652:
649:
642:
640:
637:
630:
628:
621:
614:
509:
506:
438:
435:
429:combined with
403:blood thinners
340:family history
242:
241:
238:
234:
233:
212:
206:
205:
199:
195:
194:
180:anticoagulants
176:
172:
171:
149:
143:
142:
137:
131:
130:
119:family history
103:
97:
96:
90:
84:
83:
76:
70:
69:
64:
58:
57:
53:
52:
44:
43:
40:
36:
35:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
12497:
12486:
12483:
12481:
12478:
12476:
12473:
12472:
12470:
12451:
12448:
12447:
12445:
12443:
12439:
12433:
12430:
12428:
12425:
12423:
12420:
12418:
12415:
12411:
12408:
12407:
12406:
12403:
12401:
12398:
12396:
12393:
12391:
12388:
12386:
12383:
12382:
12380:
12378:
12374:
12371:
12369:
12365:
12359:
12356:
12354:
12351:
12349:
12346:
12342:
12339:
12337:
12334:
12332:
12329:
12328:
12327:
12324:
12320:
12317:
12315:
12312:
12311:
12310:
12307:
12306:
12304:
12300:
12290:
12287:
12285:
12282:
12280:
12277:
12275:
12272:
12270:
12267:
12266:
12264:
12260:
12254:
12251:
12247:
12244:
12242:
12239:
12237:
12236:Caput medusae
12234:
12233:
12232:
12229:
12227:
12224:
12223:
12221:
12219:
12215:
12209:
12206:
12202:
12199:
12198:
12197:
12194:
12190:
12187:
12185:
12182:
12181:
12180:
12177:
12173:
12170:
12168:
12165:
12163:
12160:
12158:
12155:
12153:
12150:
12149:
12148:
12145:
12141:
12138:
12137:
12136:
12133:
12132:
12130:
12128:
12123:
12119:
12113:
12110:
12109:
12107:
12105:
12101:
12098:
12096:
12092:
12082:
12079:
12077:
12074:
12072:
12069:
12068:
12066:
12064:
12060:
12052:
12049:
12047:
12044:
12043:
12042:
12039:
12037:
12034:
12032:
12029:
12028:
12026:
12024:
12020:
12012:
12009:
12007:
12004:
12002:
11999:
11997:
11994:
11992:
11989:
11988:
11987:
11984:
11982:
11979:
11977:
11974:
11972:
11969:
11965:
11962:
11960:
11957:
11955:
11952:
11951:
11950:
11946:
11943:
11942:
11940:
11938:
11933:
11929:
11925:
11915:
11912:
11910:
11907:
11905:
11902:
11900:
11899:Degos disease
11897:
11895:
11892:
11891:
11889:
11885:
11879:
11876:
11874:
11871:
11870:
11868:
11866:
11862:
11854:
11851:
11849:
11846:
11844:
11841:
11839:
11836:
11834:
11831:
11829:
11826:
11825:
11824:
11821:
11819:
11816:
11815:
11810:
11807:
11805:
11802:
11800:
11797:
11795:
11792:
11790:
11787:
11786:
11785:
11782:
11781:
11779:
11777:
11773:
11770:
11768:
11764:
11758:
11755:
11751:
11748:
11747:
11746:
11743:
11742:
11740:
11738:
11734:
11731:
11729:
11724:
11720:
11716:
11711:
11704:
11699:
11697:
11692:
11690:
11685:
11684:
11681:
11668:
11664:
11663:
11659:
11657:
11653:
11652:
11648:
11646:
11642:
11641:
11637:
11636:
11633:
11629:
11622:
11618:
11617:
11613:
11611:
11607:
11606:
11602:
11600:
11596:
11595:
11591:
11587:
11585:
11581:
11577:
11576:
11572:
11568:
11566:
11562:
11561:
11557:
11553:
11552:
11549:
11544:
11540:
11531:
11527:
11522:
11517:
11513:
11509:
11505:
11501:
11497:
11492:
11488:
11482:
11479:. CRC Press.
11478:
11477:
11471:
11470:
11468:
11467:
11456:
11452:
11447:
11442:
11438:
11434:
11431:(3): 173–81.
11430:
11426:
11422:
11415:
11407:
11403:
11398:
11393:
11388:
11383:
11379:
11375:
11371:
11364:
11356:
11352:
11348:
11344:
11340:
11336:
11333:(8): 943–53.
11332:
11328:
11321:
11313:
11309:
11304:
11299:
11295:
11291:
11287:
11280:
11272:
11268:
11263:
11258:
11255:(2): 303–10.
11254:
11250:
11246:
11239:
11231:
11227:
11222:
11217:
11212:
11207:
11203:
11199:
11195:
11188:
11186:
11177:
11173:
11166:
11164:
11156:
11151:
11143:
11139:
11135:
11131:
11124:
11117:
11110:
11105:
11097:
11093:
11088:
11083:
11080:(2): 180–90.
11079:
11075:
11071:
11064:
11062:
11053:
11049:
11044:
11039:
11035:
11031:
11027:
11023:
11019:
11012:
11010:
11008:
10999:
10995:
10990:
10985:
10982:(3): 402–11.
10981:
10977:
10973:
10966:
10958:
10954:
10949:
10944:
10940:
10936:
10932:
10925:
10923:
10921:
10912:
10906:
10902:
10895:
10879:
10875:
10869:
10853:
10849:
10843:
10828:
10824:
10817:
10815:
10798:
10794:
10788:
10773:
10769:
10762:
10754:
10750:
10745:
10740:
10737:(2): 128–34.
10736:
10732:
10728:
10721:
10713:
10709:
10705:
10701:
10697:
10693:
10689:
10685:
10678:
10663:
10659:
10652:
10637:
10633:
10626:
10611:
10607:
10600:
10592:
10588:
10584:
10580:
10576:
10572:
10569:(8): 249–98.
10568:
10564:
10557:
10542:
10538:
10531:
10529:
10512:
10508:
10507:"Blood types"
10502:
10494:
10490:
10486:
10482:
10478:
10474:
10471:(2): 221–31.
10470:
10466:
10459:
10451:
10447:
10442:
10437:
10433:
10429:
10425:
10418:
10410:
10406:
10401:
10396:
10392:
10388:
10384:
10380:
10376:
10369:
10367:
10358:
10354:
10349:
10344:
10340:
10336:
10332:
10328:
10324:
10317:
10315:
10313:
10304:
10300:
10295:
10290:
10286:
10282:
10278:
10271:
10263:
10259:
10254:
10249:
10245:
10241:
10237:
10230:
10222:
10218:
10213:
10208:
10205:(4): 857–64.
10204:
10200:
10196:
10189:
10181:
10177:
10173:
10169:
10165:
10161:
10154:
10146:
10142:
10137:
10132:
10128:
10124:
10120:
10116:
10112:
10105:
10098:
10086:
10082:
10076:
10067:
10063:
10058:
10053:
10049:
10045:
10041:
10037:
10033:
10026:
10024:
10015:
10011:
10006:
10001:
9997:
9993:
9989:
9985:
9981:
9974:
9966:
9962:
9957:
9952:
9948:
9944:
9940:
9936:
9932:
9925:
9923:
9914:
9910:
9905:
9900:
9896:
9892:
9888:
9884:
9880:
9873:
9865:
9861:
9856:
9851:
9847:
9843:
9839:
9835:
9831:
9824:
9816:
9812:
9808:
9804:
9800:
9796:
9792:
9788:
9781:
9773:
9769:
9764:
9759:
9755:
9751:
9747:
9740:
9732:
9728:
9724:
9720:
9715:
9710:
9706:
9702:
9698:
9694:
9687:
9680:
9672:
9668:
9663:
9658:
9653:
9648:
9644:
9640:
9636:
9629:
9621:
9617:
9612:
9607:
9603:
9599:
9595:
9591:
9587:
9580:
9578:
9569:
9565:
9560:
9555:
9552:(5): 861–69.
9551:
9547:
9543:
9536:
9520:
9516:
9510:
9502:
9498:
9493:
9488:
9484:
9480:
9477:(4): 384–90.
9476:
9472:
9468:
9461:
9445:
9441:
9437:
9430:
9422:
9418:
9413:
9408:
9404:
9400:
9396:
9392:
9388:
9381:
9373:
9369:
9364:
9359:
9354:
9349:
9345:
9341:
9337:
9330:
9328:
9326:
9317:
9313:
9308:
9303:
9299:
9295:
9291:
9287:
9283:
9276:
9268:
9264:
9259:
9254:
9250:
9246:
9242:
9238:
9234:
9227:
9219:
9215:
9210:
9205:
9201:
9197:
9193:
9189:
9185:
9178:
9171:
9165:
9163:
9147:
9143:
9136:
9128:
9124:
9119:
9114:
9110:
9106:
9102:
9098:
9094:
9087:
9085:
9076:
9072:
9068:
9064:
9061:(2): e64–71.
9060:
9056:
9048:
9040:
9036:
9032:
9028:
9024:
9020:
9016:
9012:
9004:
8997:
8991:
8989:
8987:
8985:
8983:
8981:
8979:
8970:
8966:
8961:
8956:
8951:
8946:
8942:
8938:
8934:
8927:
8919:
8915:
8912:(7): 426–34.
8911:
8907:
8903:
8896:
8888:
8884:
8880:
8876:
8872:
8868:
8860:
8852:
8848:
8844:
8837:
8829:
8825:
8821:
8817:
8813:
8809:
8806:(8): 523–31.
8805:
8801:
8793:
8785:
8781:
8776:
8771:
8768:(3): 311–24.
8767:
8763:
8759:
8752:
8744:
8740:
8735:
8730:
8726:
8722:
8718:
8714:
8710:
8703:
8695:
8691:
8686:
8681:
8678:(4): 433–41.
8677:
8673:
8669:
8662:
8660:
8651:
8647:
8642:
8637:
8633:
8629:
8625:
8621:
8617:
8610:
8603:
8598:
8590:
8586:
8582:
8578:
8571:
8563:
8559:
8554:
8549:
8545:
8541:
8537:
8533:
8529:
8522:
8520:
8511:
8507:
8503:
8499:
8496:(2): 315–52.
8495:
8491:
8484:
8482:
8480:
8478:
8476:
8467:
8463:
8458:
8453:
8448:
8443:
8439:
8435:
8431:
8424:
8416:
8412:
8407:
8402:
8398:
8394:
8390:
8386:
8382:
8375:
8367:
8363:
8358:
8353:
8349:
8345:
8341:
8334:
8325:
8320:
8316:
8312:
8305:
8298:
8290:
8286:
8281:
8276:
8272:
8268:
8264:
8260:
8256:
8249:
8247:
8238:
8234:
8229:
8224:
8220:
8216:
8212:
8205:
8203:
8194:
8190:
8186:
8182:
8178:
8174:
8171:(2): 131–40.
8170:
8166:
8159:
8157:
8155:
8146:
8142:
8137:
8132:
8127:
8122:
8118:
8114:
8110:
8103:
8101:
8099:
8090:
8086:
8082:
8078:
8074:
8067:
8065:
8063:
8054:
8050:
8045:
8040:
8036:
8032:
8028:
8024:
8020:
8013:
8005:
8001:
7996:
7991:
7987:
7983:
7979:
7975:
7971:
7964:
7948:
7944:
7938:
7936:
7927:
7923:
7919:
7915:
7911:
7907:
7903:
7899:
7892:
7890:
7881:
7877:
7873:
7869:
7865:
7861:
7857:
7853:
7849:
7842:
7834:
7830:
7825:
7820:
7816:
7812:
7808:
7804:
7800:
7793:
7791:
7782:
7778:
7773:
7768:
7765:(6): 753–62.
7764:
7760:
7756:
7749:
7747:
7745:
7736:
7732:
7728:
7724:
7720:
7716:
7709:
7701:
7697:
7692:
7687:
7682:
7677:
7673:
7669:
7665:
7658:
7656:
7647:
7643:
7638:
7633:
7629:
7625:
7622:(2): 99–106.
7621:
7617:
7613:
7606:
7598:
7594:
7589:
7584:
7580:
7576:
7573:(3): 506–12.
7572:
7568:
7564:
7557:
7555:
7538:
7534:
7530:
7523:
7515:
7511:
7506:
7501:
7497:
7493:
7490:(7): 657–60.
7489:
7485:
7481:
7474:
7466:
7462:
7457:
7452:
7448:
7444:
7440:
7436:
7435:Blood Reviews
7432:
7425:
7423:
7414:
7410:
7405:
7400:
7396:
7392:
7388:
7381:
7373:
7369:
7364:
7359:
7356:(9): 971–81.
7355:
7351:
7347:
7340:
7332:
7328:
7323:
7318:
7315:(1): 150–55.
7314:
7310:
7306:
7299:
7291:
7287:
7283:
7279:
7272:
7264:
7260:
7256:
7252:
7248:
7244:
7240:
7236:
7229:
7221:
7217:
7212:
7207:
7204:(4): 563–71.
7203:
7199:
7195:
7188:
7180:
7176:
7171:
7166:
7161:
7156:
7152:
7148:
7144:
7137:
7129:
7125:
7121:
7117:
7113:
7109:
7101:
7093:
7089:
7084:
7079:
7075:
7071:
7067:
7060:
7052:
7048:
7043:
7038:
7034:
7030:
7026:
7019:
7011:
7007:
7002:
6997:
6992:
6987:
6983:
6979:
6978:Haematologica
6975:
6968:
6960:
6956:
6952:
6948:
6944:
6940:
6937:(5): 535–48.
6936:
6932:
6924:
6922:
6920:
6911:
6907:
6903:
6899:
6895:
6891:
6887:
6883:
6876:
6874:
6872:
6863:
6859:
6855:
6851:
6846:
6841:
6838:(4): 265–72.
6837:
6833:
6828:
6820:
6818:
6816:
6814:
6805:
6801:
6796:
6791:
6787:
6783:
6779:
6775:
6771:
6764:
6756:
6752:
6748:
6744:
6740:
6736:
6729:
6727:
6725:
6723:
6714:
6710:
6705:
6700:
6697:(8): 845–54.
6696:
6692:
6688:
6681:
6673:
6669:
6664:
6659:
6654:
6649:
6645:
6641:
6637:
6630:
6628:
6626:
6617:
6613:
6609:
6605:
6601:
6597:
6590:
6582:
6578:
6573:
6568:
6565:(4): 349–72.
6564:
6560:
6556:
6549:
6541:
6537:
6532:
6527:
6522:
6517:
6513:
6509:
6505:
6498:
6490:
6486:
6482:
6478:
6474:
6470:
6467:(2): 127–37.
6466:
6462:
6455:
6453:
6444:
6440:
6435:
6430:
6425:
6420:
6417:(3): 322–33.
6416:
6412:
6408:
6401:
6393:
6389:
6384:
6379:
6375:
6371:
6367:
6360:
6352:
6348:
6343:
6338:
6333:
6328:
6324:
6320:
6316:
6309:
6307:
6305:
6296:
6292:
6288:
6284:
6280:
6276:
6273:(2): 141–49.
6272:
6268:
6261:
6254:
6246:
6242:
6238:
6234:
6230:
6226:
6223:(2): 502–12.
6222:
6218:
6211:
6203:
6199:
6194:
6189:
6184:
6179:
6175:
6171:
6170:PLOS Medicine
6167:
6160:
6152:
6148:
6143:
6138:
6134:
6130:
6126:
6122:
6118:
6111:
6103:
6099:
6094:
6089:
6085:
6081:
6077:
6073:
6069:
6062:
6054:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6035:
6030:
6026:
6022:
6018:
6011:
6003:
5999:
5994:
5989:
5984:
5979:
5975:
5971:
5967:
5960:
5952:
5948:
5943:
5938:
5933:
5928:
5924:
5920:
5916:
5909:
5907:
5898:
5894:
5889:
5884:
5879:
5874:
5870:
5866:
5862:
5855:
5847:
5843:
5838:
5833:
5829:
5825:
5821:
5814:
5806:
5802:
5798:
5794:
5790:
5786:
5782:
5778:
5771:
5763:
5759:
5754:
5749:
5745:
5741:
5737:
5730:
5728:
5719:
5715:
5711:
5707:
5703:
5699:
5695:
5691:
5684:
5682:
5673:
5669:
5664:
5659:
5655:
5651:
5647:
5643:
5639:
5632:
5630:
5628:
5626:
5624:
5622:
5620:
5611:
5607:
5603:
5599:
5595:
5591:
5587:
5583:
5576:
5574:
5572:
5570:
5568:
5566:
5564:
5562:
5560:
5551:
5547:
5542:
5537:
5533:
5529:
5526:(2): 120–38.
5525:
5521:
5517:
5510:
5502:
5498:
5493:
5488:
5485:(6): 755–63.
5484:
5480:
5476:
5469:
5467:
5465:
5463:
5454:
5450:
5446:
5442:
5438:
5434:
5431:(7): 624–31.
5430:
5426:
5419:
5411:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5394:(6): 824–33.
5393:
5389:
5385:
5378:
5376:
5374:
5372:
5370:
5361:
5357:
5352:
5347:
5343:
5339:
5335:
5328:
5320:
5316:
5311:
5306:
5303:(3): 563–68.
5302:
5298:
5294:
5287:
5285:
5283:
5281:
5279:
5277:
5268:
5264:
5260:
5256:
5251:
5246:
5242:
5238:
5234:
5227:
5225:
5223:
5221:
5219:
5202:
5198:
5194:
5187:
5179:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5161:
5157:
5154:(2): 326–41.
5153:
5149:
5145:
5138:
5130:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5113:(5): 317–25.
5112:
5108:
5104:
5097:
5095:
5093:
5091:
5082:
5078:
5073:
5068:
5063:
5058:
5054:
5050:
5046:
5039:
5031:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5013:
5009:
5005:
4998:
4990:
4986:
4982:
4978:
4974:
4970:
4967:(5): 387–91.
4966:
4962:
4955:
4946:
4941:
4937:
4933:
4929:
4925:
4921:
4913:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4895:
4891:
4887:
4883:
4879:
4872:
4864:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4847:(5): 438–45.
4846:
4842:
4838:
4831:
4823:
4819:
4815:
4811:
4807:
4803:
4800:(1): 99–103.
4799:
4795:
4788:
4780:
4776:
4772:
4768:
4764:
4763:NIHR Evidence
4760:
4754:
4752:
4743:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4725:
4721:
4717:
4713:
4709:
4702:
4700:
4691:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4663:
4659:
4655:
4648:
4640:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4612:
4608:
4604:
4597:
4595:
4593:
4584:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4567:(3): 243–51.
4566:
4562:
4558:
4551:
4543:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4515:
4511:
4507:
4500:
4492:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4474:
4470:
4466:
4462:
4458:
4451:
4449:
4447:
4445:
4443:
4441:
4439:
4430:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4402:
4398:
4394:
4387:
4379:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4351:
4347:
4343:
4336:
4328:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4310:
4306:
4302:
4298:
4294:
4287:
4279:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4261:
4257:
4254:(4): 316–19.
4253:
4249:
4245:
4238:
4222:
4218:
4214:
4207:
4199:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4171:
4167:
4163:
4156:
4148:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4130:
4126:
4122:
4118:
4114:
4107:
4099:
4095:
4091:
4087:
4083:
4079:
4075:
4071:
4064:
4056:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4038:
4034:
4030:
4023:
4021:
4019:
4010:
4006:
4002:
3998:
3994:
3987:
3985:
3976:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3958:
3954:
3950:
3946:
3942:
3935:
3933:
3931:
3922:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3904:
3900:
3897:(5): 359–71.
3896:
3892:
3888:
3881:
3873:
3869:
3865:
3861:
3858:(4): 869–76.
3857:
3853:
3849:
3842:
3834:
3830:
3826:
3822:
3818:
3814:
3811:(1): 99–103.
3810:
3806:
3799:
3791:
3787:
3783:
3779:
3775:
3771:
3767:
3763:
3756:
3745:
3741:
3737:
3733:
3729:
3722:
3715:
3707:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3690:(3): 405–14.
3689:
3685:
3681:
3674:
3672:
3663:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3646:(3): 373–79.
3645:
3641:
3637:
3630:
3628:
3626:
3617:
3613:
3609:
3605:
3601:
3597:
3593:
3589:
3582:
3580:
3578:
3576:
3567:
3563:
3559:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3534:(5): 227–35.
3533:
3529:
3521:
3519:
3517:
3515:
3513:
3511:
3509:
3507:
3505:
3503:
3495:
3490:
3488:
3486:
3477:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3460:(6): 755–63.
3459:
3455:
3451:
3444:
3442:
3433:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3415:
3411:
3407:
3400:
3398:
3389:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3371:
3367:
3363:
3356:
3354:
3352:
3343:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3325:
3321:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3302:
3300:
3298:
3296:
3294:
3292:
3290:
3281:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3264:(1): 742–50.
3263:
3259:
3255:
3248:
3246:
3237:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3196:
3194:
3192:
3190:
3188:
3179:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3161:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3145:
3138:
3136:
3134:
3132:
3130:
3128:
3126:
3117:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3100:(5): 326–34.
3099:
3095:
3091:
3084:
3082:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3049:
3045:
3038:
3036:
3034:
3032:
3030:
3021:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2988:
2980:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2939:
2937:
2935:
2933:
2916:
2912:
2906:
2904:
2895:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2862:
2860:
2858:
2856:
2854:
2852:
2850:
2848:
2846:
2844:
2842:
2840:
2838:
2836:
2834:
2832:
2830:
2828:
2826:
2824:
2822:
2820:
2818:
2816:
2814:
2805:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2780:(8): 808–20.
2779:
2775:
2771:
2764:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2756:
2754:
2752:
2743:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2696:
2694:
2692:
2690:
2688:
2686:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2642:
2634:
2632:
2630:
2628:
2626:
2624:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2580:
2578:
2576:
2574:
2572:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2558:
2556:
2551:
2536:
2527:
2518:
2509:
2502:
2496:
2487:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2466:
2459:
2454:
2445:
2438:
2434:
2428:
2418:
2409:
2400:
2393:
2389:
2383:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2350:
2346:
2339:
2337:
2333:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2303:
2300:
2289:
2287:
2283:
2278:
2269:
2265:
2262:
2257:
2254:
2249:
2246:
2242:
2241:
2231:
2222:
2220:
2219:Jimmy Stewart
2216:
2212:
2208:
2207:Regis Philbin
2204:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2187:Richard Nixon
2183:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2163:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2152:Brian Vickers
2144:
2140:
2131:
2127:
2125:
2121:
2116:
2107:
2103:
2101:
2097:
2091:
2088:
2078:
2070:
2061:
2059:
2055:
2045:
2041:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2019:
2014:
2008:After surgery
2005:
1996:
1994:
1990:
1987:, which used
1986:
1985:JUPITER trial
1982:
1978:
1974:
1969:
1959:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1923:
1921:
1917:
1910:An IVC filter
1908:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1885:
1880:
1876:
1869:
1864:
1860:
1853:
1848:
1847:
1846:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1827:
1825:
1819:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1805:Drawbacks of
1803:
1797:Interventions
1794:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1783:tumor markers
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1742:
1740:
1734:
1732:
1726:
1724:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1696:
1687:
1678:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1623:
1621:
1603:
1598:
1591:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1568:
1563:
1556:
1551:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1543:
1542:gold standard
1539:
1535:
1533:
1529:
1524:
1520:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1434:
1433:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1374:
1371:
1368:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1352:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1331:
1325:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1277:
1276:microvesicles
1273:
1269:
1268:transcription
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1240:
1236:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1204:
1202:
1198:
1193:
1189:
1181:
1177:
1172:
1168:
1166:
1160:
1158:
1157:jugular veins
1154:
1150:
1146:
1141:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1123:
1114:
1111:
1105:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1068:levels, high
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
979:
975:
970:
966:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
930:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
901:, and active
900:
896:
892:
887:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
848:tissue factor
845:
839:
837:
833:
829:
828:immune system
825:
821:
817:
813:
812:venous stasis
809:
800:
791:
789:
784:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
741:
738:
734:
729:
727:
724:
714:
705:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
646:
641:
634:
629:
625:
618:
613:
612:
611:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
580:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
557:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
505:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
470:
468:
464:
460:
459:pitting edema
455:
453:
443:
434:
432:
428:
422:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
399:
396:
392:
388:
384:
379:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
312:
310:
306:
302:
297:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
266:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
239:
235:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
213:
211:
207:
204:
200:
196:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
150:
148:
144:
141:
138:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
102:
98:
94:
91:
89:
88:Complications
85:
81:
77:
75:
71:
68:
65:
63:
59:
54:
50:
45:
41:
37:
32:
26:
22:
12377:Hypertension
12289:Venous ulcer
12195:
12178:
12146:
12139:
12134:
12104:Inflammation
11985:
11944:
11833:Hyperplastic
11794:Fatty streak
11737:Inflammation
11660:
11649:
11638:
11614:
11603:
11588:
11569:
11554:
11503:
11499:
11475:
11465:
11464:
11428:
11424:
11414:
11377:
11373:
11363:
11330:
11326:
11320:
11296:(1): 65–74.
11293:
11289:
11279:
11252:
11248:
11238:
11201:
11197:
11175:
11157:, p. 2.
11150:
11136:(1): 89–92.
11133:
11129:
11116:
11111:, p. 3.
11104:
11077:
11073:
11025:
11021:
10979:
10975:
10965:
10938:
10934:
10900:
10894:
10882:. Retrieved
10877:
10868:
10856:. Retrieved
10851:
10842:
10830:. Retrieved
10826:
10801:. Retrieved
10797:The Guardian
10796:
10787:
10775:. Retrieved
10771:
10761:
10734:
10730:
10720:
10690:(2): 93–95.
10687:
10683:
10677:
10665:. Retrieved
10661:
10651:
10639:. Retrieved
10635:
10625:
10613:. Retrieved
10609:
10599:
10566:
10562:
10556:
10544:. Retrieved
10540:
10515:. Retrieved
10501:
10468:
10464:
10458:
10431:
10427:
10417:
10382:
10378:
10330:
10326:
10287:(1): 69–76.
10284:
10280:
10270:
10243:
10239:
10229:
10202:
10198:
10188:
10163:
10159:
10153:
10118:
10114:
10104:
10096:
10089:. Retrieved
10075:
10039:
10035:
9987:
9983:
9973:
9938:
9934:
9886:
9882:
9872:
9837:
9833:
9823:
9790:
9786:
9780:
9753:
9749:
9739:
9696:
9692:
9679:
9642:
9638:
9628:
9593:
9589:
9549:
9545:
9535:
9523:. Retrieved
9518:
9509:
9474:
9470:
9460:
9448:. Retrieved
9444:the original
9440:Clot Connect
9439:
9429:
9394:
9390:
9380:
9343:
9339:
9289:
9285:
9275:
9240:
9236:
9226:
9191:
9187:
9177:
9149:. Retrieved
9145:
9135:
9100:
9096:
9058:
9054:
9047:
9014:
9010:
9003:
8940:
8936:
8926:
8909:
8905:
8895:
8870:
8866:
8859:
8836:
8803:
8799:
8792:
8765:
8761:
8751:
8716:
8712:
8702:
8675:
8671:
8623:
8619:
8609:
8597:
8580:
8570:
8535:
8531:
8493:
8489:
8437:
8433:
8423:
8388:
8384:
8374:
8347:
8343:
8333:
8314:
8310:
8297:
8262:
8258:
8218:
8214:
8168:
8164:
8116:
8112:
8080:
8076:
8026:
8022:
8012:
7977:
7973:
7963:
7951:. Retrieved
7947:the original
7901:
7897:
7858:(1): 86–93.
7855:
7851:
7841:
7806:
7802:
7762:
7758:
7718:
7714:
7708:
7671:
7667:
7619:
7615:
7605:
7570:
7566:
7541:. Retrieved
7532:
7522:
7487:
7483:
7473:
7441:(1): 17–24.
7438:
7434:
7397:(1): 11–19.
7394:
7390:
7380:
7353:
7349:
7339:
7312:
7308:
7298:
7281:
7271:
7238:
7234:
7228:
7201:
7197:
7187:
7150:
7146:
7136:
7111:
7107:
7100:
7073:
7069:
7059:
7035:(2): 53–57.
7032:
7028:
7018:
6981:
6977:
6967:
6934:
6930:
6885:
6881:
6835:
6831:
6777:
6773:
6763:
6738:
6734:
6694:
6690:
6680:
6643:
6639:
6599:
6595:
6589:
6562:
6558:
6548:
6511:
6507:
6497:
6464:
6460:
6414:
6410:
6400:
6373:
6369:
6359:
6322:
6318:
6270:
6266:
6253:
6220:
6216:
6210:
6173:
6169:
6159:
6124:
6120:
6110:
6075:
6071:
6061:
6024:
6020:
6010:
5973:
5969:
5959:
5922:
5918:
5868:
5864:
5854:
5827:
5823:
5813:
5780:
5776:
5770:
5743:
5739:
5693:
5689:
5645:
5641:
5585:
5581:
5523:
5519:
5509:
5482:
5478:
5428:
5424:
5418:
5391:
5387:
5341:
5337:
5327:
5300:
5296:
5240:
5236:
5205:. Retrieved
5196:
5186:
5151:
5147:
5137:
5110:
5106:
5052:
5048:
5038:
5011:
5008:JAMA Surgery
5007:
4997:
4964:
4960:
4954:
4930:(11): 1392.
4927:
4923:
4885:
4881:
4871:
4844:
4840:
4830:
4797:
4793:
4787:
4762:
4715:
4711:
4661:
4657:
4647:
4610:
4606:
4564:
4560:
4550:
4513:
4509:
4499:
4464:
4460:
4420:2318/1691212
4400:
4396:
4386:
4349:
4345:
4335:
4300:
4296:
4286:
4251:
4247:
4237:
4225:. Retrieved
4221:the original
4216:
4206:
4172:(1): 51–52.
4169:
4165:
4155:
4120:
4116:
4106:
4073:
4069:
4063:
4036:
4032:
4000:
3996:
3951:(2): 92–98.
3948:
3944:
3894:
3890:
3880:
3855:
3851:
3841:
3808:
3804:
3798:
3765:
3761:
3755:
3731:
3727:
3714:
3687:
3683:
3643:
3639:
3591:
3587:
3549:11343/285435
3531:
3527:
3457:
3453:
3413:
3409:
3369:
3365:
3315:
3311:
3261:
3257:
3209:
3205:
3151:
3147:
3097:
3093:
3068:. Retrieved
3064:the original
3051:
3047:
3001:
2997:
2987:
2952:
2948:
2919:. Retrieved
2914:
2875:
2871:
2777:
2773:
2715:
2711:
2649:
2645:
2589:
2585:
2535:
2526:
2517:
2508:
2495:
2486:
2465:
2458:Subsartorial
2457:
2453:
2444:
2427:
2417:
2408:
2399:
2382:
2369:), kidneys (
2349:
2316:genetic loci
2311:
2309:
2295:
2285:
2274:
2258:
2250:
2238:
2236:
2184:
2165:Tennis star
2164:
2148:
2128:
2117:
2113:
2110:Epidemiology
2104:
2092:
2084:
2075:
2051:
2042:
2023:
2002:
1989:rosuvastatin
1965:
1932:primary care
1929:
1913:
1828:
1820:
1810:
1802:Thrombolysis
1800:
1748:
1735:
1727:
1720:
1712:
1709:fondaparinux
1704:
1667:fondaparinux
1624:
1616:
1577:femoral vein
1536:
1517:Compression
1516:
1329:
1326:
1309:
1303:
1280:
1245:
1205:
1185:
1165:pathological
1161:
1149:femoral vein
1142:
1138:fibrinolysis
1127:
1106:
1047:
1010:antithrombin
983:
963:fibrinolysis
943:Chemotherapy
931:
903:tuberculosis
888:
852:hip fracture
840:
824:inflammation
805:
785:
768:
760:
752:
745:proximal DVT
744:
742:
730:
720:
670:Baker's cyst
659:
608:right atrium
588:heart defect
581:
571:, an urgent
558:
511:
471:
462:
456:
448:
423:
400:
385:such as the
380:
360:antithrombin
318:, increased
313:
301:complication
298:
267:
250:
246:
245:
223:fondaparinux
156:Baker's cyst
101:Risk factors
25:
12442:Hypotension
11986:head / neck
11838:Cholesterol
11728:capillaries
11640:MedlinePlus
10091:10 February
9292:(1): 5–18.
9188:Circulation
8581:StatPearls
8344:Circulation
7674:(6): 2080.
7543:15 February
7282:StatPearls
6888:(1): 7–17.
6370:Circulation
5344:(1): 1–16.
5049:Circulation
4217:ACS Surgery
4076:(1): 5–14.
2718:(1): 3–14.
2215:David Bloom
2199:Dick Cheney
2096:paresthesia
1973:lose weight
1841:and staged
1635:rivaroxaban
1435:Paralysis,
1310:Wells score
1208:factor VIIa
1188:coagulation
1031:factor VIII
974:coagulation
820:endothelial
407:rivaroxaban
387:Wells score
154:, ruptured
39:Other names
12485:Hematology
12469:Categories
12358:Vasculitis
12348:Thrombosis
12309:Angiopathy
12253:Varicocele
12246:Hemorrhoid
12076:Halo nevus
11932:dissection
11723:arterioles
11662:Patient UK
11616:DiseasesDB
11380:: 451–62.
11155:Dalen 2003
11109:Dalen 2003
10884:22 January
10858:22 January
10832:22 January
10803:22 January
10777:22 January
10667:22 January
10641:22 January
10615:22 January
10546:22 January
10166:: 100–09.
9525:28 January
9450:28 January
9151:21 January
7898:Phlebology
7153:(1): 204.
6741:: 527–45.
5976:: 758010.
5690:Phlebology
4227:16 January
3258:Hematology
3070:30 January
2546:References
2365:), liver (
2332:E-selectin
2328:P-selectin
2195:First Lady
2156:Chris Bosh
2100:leg ulcers
1962:Prevention
1944:cardiology
1940:hematology
1659:parenteral
1647:dabigatran
1613:Management
1546:venography
1478:+6 points
1464:−2 points
1375:+2 points
1318:ultrasound
1308:using the
1272:P-selectin
1130:hemostasis
1066:fibrinogen
1035:homozygous
951:postpartum
921:, primary
909:, such as
753:distal DVT
678:lymphedema
662:Cellulitis
573:fasciotomy
542:hemoptysis
538:chest pain
395:ultrasound
356:blood type
350:, and the
259:blood clot
210:Medication
175:Prevention
164:lymphedema
152:Cellulitis
140:Ultrasound
12112:Phlebitis
11853:Trans fat
11789:Foam cell
11745:Arteritis
11712:(vessels)
11651:eMedicine
10712:231803661
10610:USA Today
10517:15 August
7953:27 August
6602:: 79–83.
6514:: 37–53.
6245:220337035
5805:207452463
5267:211037046
4794:Angiology
4779:242392407
3805:Angiology
3594:(3): 16.
2921:6 January
2614:173995098
2357:), eyes (
2324:factor XI
2292:Economics
2245:Ayurvedic
2237:The book
2179:a CT scan
2175:C-section
2171:advocated
2120:mortality
2081:Prognosis
2064:Travelers
2048:Pregnancy
1511:+1 point
1500:+1 point
1494:Male sex
1489:+1 point
1456:+1 point
1453:+1 point
1442:+1 point
1427:+1 point
1416:+1 point
1405:+1 point
1394:+1 point
1386:+1 point
1383:+1 point
1372:+1 point
1360:+1 point
1357:+1 point
1343:Criteria
1300:Diagnosis
1248:hypoxemia
1225:factor Xa
1201:monocytes
1074:factor XI
1070:factor IX
1022:protein S
1018:protein C
1006:protein S
1002:protein C
978:"cascade"
955:placental
868:catatonia
856:long bone
690:aneurysms
606:from the
550:pleuritic
522:embolizes
518:deep vein
463:see image
368:protein S
364:protein C
348:pregnancy
263:deep vein
237:Frequency
198:Treatment
62:Specialty
12326:Embolism
11928:Aneurysm
11865:Stenosis
11799:Atheroma
11750:Aortitis
11719:Arteries
11656:med/2785
11530:22315257
11455:30410646
11406:26355805
11347:19637948
11312:21222564
11271:25555319
11230:27581829
11096:18783400
11052:20739582
10998:23297815
10957:24059395
10753:23336651
10704:33534674
10662:ABC News
10591:58564402
10583:30638566
10511:Archived
10493:17552169
10485:20941456
10450:22253396
10409:30482766
10357:26654719
10333:: 3–10.
10303:31385593
10262:25173341
10221:31899848
10180:28844444
10145:33878207
10085:Archived
10066:22315261
10014:22315276
9965:30482767
9913:22315263
9864:22315265
9815:22797561
9807:22412039
9772:23396492
9731:24036108
9723:28089655
9671:25518837
9662:11127252
9620:33191841
9568:11054217
9501:27429688
9421:30646021
9372:26987584
9316:31037504
9267:31592728
9218:30586751
9127:29211671
9075:26853645
9039:21801157
9031:22172244
8969:29399524
8918:31573167
8887:26747198
8851:30303669
8828:10659607
8820:20956709
8784:21671894
8743:30482765
8694:22734929
8650:25092359
8589:29939529
8562:22315268
8510:26867832
8466:29399516
8415:16437461
8366:21422387
8289:30122174
8237:26149033
8193:34220435
8185:29310137
8145:29399531
8089:31845779
8053:24615063
8004:23537968
7926:22467822
7918:25729062
7880:58594612
7872:30634198
7833:31315434
7781:27354721
7735:19303501
7700:32197363
7646:29034034
7597:21325673
7537:Archived
7514:20351121
7465:25294122
7413:22082302
7372:32731838
7331:22160027
7290:29262230
7263:54379879
7255:15794972
7220:22076463
7198:Leukemia
7179:30115029
7128:25890452
7092:26179082
7051:26221164
7010:31582554
6951:22740183
6902:21707594
6862:23139811
6854:22473726
6804:22872710
6755:21034220
6713:29255070
6672:30918022
6616:28917273
6581:31957081
6540:28331377
6481:22648484
6443:30472725
6392:32375490
6351:29876337
6295:49606106
6287:29954011
6237:32627124
6202:32407386
6151:33217420
6102:26111103
6053:31749809
6027:: 2569.
6002:25140182
5951:29399532
5897:29435334
5846:27145936
5797:27156025
5783:: 61–5.
5762:19630821
5718:13564168
5710:22457300
5672:30482763
5610:34486553
5602:20083911
5550:21084000
5501:23531017
5453:49313388
5445:29920621
5410:20456358
5360:21116184
5319:22345594
5259:32020753
5201:Archived
5178:33733032
5129:31917402
5081:30586751
5030:27437827
4989:33536953
4981:21832920
4912:17060659
4863:20124539
4822:30043830
4814:18504268
4742:31340984
4690:28123971
4639:31258531
4613:: 1348.
4583:22959541
4542:18205917
4491:22315267
4429:30141306
4378:32431661
4327:27113791
4278:30443615
4198:29422736
4147:12997687
4090:21193462
4055:31504429
4009:29101916
3975:29872243
3921:31327867
3872:11762276
3833:30043830
3825:18504268
3782:29472180
3744:Archived
3740:20066826
3706:18031292
3662:18296592
3616:34922038
3608:28290004
3566:73433650
3558:30739331
3476:23531017
3432:29212112
3388:27126645
3342:31676865
3280:31736432
3236:33007077
3178:28446351
3116:31917405
3060:29297660
3020:25304324
2979:31794602
2894:28329262
2804:27764878
2742:26780736
2668:29257737
2606:31155730
2475:efficacy
1966:For the
1899:sequelae
1891:axillary
1655:edoxaban
1643:apixaban
1627:warfarin
1620:bleeding
1282:D-dimers
1064:, high
994:factor V
895:COVID-19
836:platelet
761:calf DVT
749:proximal
684:. Other
674:hematoma
565:gangrene
467:cyanosis
452:swelling
415:warfarin
411:apixaban
296:(VTE).
270:embolize
231:warfarin
160:hematoma
80:swelling
74:Symptoms
12147:abdomen
11828:Hyaline
11610:D020246
11521:3278060
11446:6217569
11397:4559246
11355:8966676
11221:9487211
11142:8998158
11043:3006583
10400:6258911
10348:4706477
10136:8092568
10057:3278052
10005:3278054
9956:6258928
9904:3278061
9855:3278063
9611:7763794
9492:4944794
9412:6324296
9363:4797165
9307:6514035
9258:6788761
9209:6389417
9118:5763501
8960:5778529
8734:6258922
8641:7074008
8553:3278049
8457:5778527
8406:7389637
8280:6317734
8136:5778510
8044:3948465
7995:3612268
7824:6703916
7691:7139924
7637:5579784
7588:3079895
7505:2855912
7456:4314363
7170:6097196
7042:4515342
7001:7327659
6959:5203474
6910:9305488
6795:3413580
6663:9488553
6531:5354538
6489:6925903
6434:6378375
6342:5974100
6325:: 142.
6193:7224453
6142:7670889
6093:4631038
6044:6848062
5993:4129160
5942:5778512
5888:5796503
5663:6258910
5541:3096855
5169:7938631
5072:6389417
4945:2072980
4903:1609160
4733:6651066
4681:5220209
4630:6587539
4533:2244628
4482:3278048
4369:7214694
4352:: 336.
4318:4854131
4269:6230348
4189:5793026
4138:2021962
3966:5986574
3912:6738049
3790:3454404
3333:6858581
3227:7556153
3169:5415909
2970:6963238
2795:5146955
2733:4715842
2676:3707226
2225:History
2211:Heavy D
1739:Statins
1653:), and
1437:paresis
1322:imaging
1290:plasmin
1176:jugular
949:In the
737:chronic
626:(white)
546:syncope
526:embolus
427:aspirin
419:heparin
391:D-dimer
332:obesity
274:embolus
192:aspirin
111:obesity
67:Various
11645:000156
11599:453.40
11565:BD71.4
11528:
11518:
11483:
11453:
11443:
11404:
11394:
11353:
11345:
11310:
11269:
11228:
11218:
11140:
11094:
11050:
11040:
10996:
10955:
10907:
10751:
10710:
10702:
10589:
10581:
10491:
10483:
10448:
10407:
10397:
10355:
10345:
10301:
10260:
10219:
10178:
10143:
10133:
10064:
10054:
10012:
10002:
9963:
9953:
9911:
9901:
9862:
9852:
9813:
9805:
9770:
9729:
9721:
9669:
9659:
9618:
9608:
9566:
9521:. 2020
9499:
9489:
9419:
9409:
9370:
9360:
9346:: 63.
9314:
9304:
9265:
9255:
9216:
9206:
9125:
9115:
9073:
9037:
9029:
9011:Lancet
8967:
8957:
8916:
8885:
8849:
8826:
8818:
8782:
8741:
8731:
8692:
8648:
8638:
8587:
8560:
8550:
8508:
8464:
8454:
8413:
8403:
8364:
8287:
8277:
8235:
8191:
8183:
8143:
8133:
8087:
8051:
8041:
8002:
7992:
7924:
7916:
7878:
7870:
7831:
7821:
7779:
7733:
7698:
7688:
7644:
7634:
7595:
7585:
7512:
7502:
7463:
7453:
7411:
7370:
7329:
7288:
7261:
7253:
7235:Lancet
7218:
7177:
7167:
7126:
7090:
7049:
7039:
7008:
6998:
6957:
6949:
6908:
6900:
6860:
6852:
6802:
6792:
6753:
6711:
6670:
6660:
6614:
6579:
6538:
6528:
6487:
6479:
6441:
6431:
6390:
6349:
6339:
6293:
6285:
6243:
6235:
6200:
6190:
6149:
6139:
6100:
6090:
6051:
6041:
6000:
5990:
5949:
5939:
5895:
5885:
5844:
5824:Stroke
5803:
5795:
5760:
5716:
5708:
5670:
5660:
5608:
5600:
5548:
5538:
5499:
5451:
5443:
5408:
5358:
5317:
5265:
5257:
5176:
5166:
5127:
5079:
5069:
5028:
4987:
4979:
4942:
4910:
4900:
4861:
4820:
4812:
4777:
4740:
4730:
4688:
4678:
4637:
4627:
4581:
4540:
4530:
4489:
4479:
4427:
4376:
4366:
4325:
4315:
4276:
4266:
4196:
4186:
4145:
4135:
4096:
4088:
4053:
4007:
3973:
3963:
3919:
3909:
3870:
3831:
3823:
3788:
3780:
3738:
3704:
3660:
3614:
3606:
3564:
3556:
3474:
3430:
3386:
3340:
3330:
3278:
3234:
3224:
3176:
3166:
3114:
3058:
3018:
2977:
2967:
2892:
2802:
2792:
2740:
2730:
2674:
2666:
2612:
2604:
2479:NSAIDs
2403:Type I
2134:Social
1669:, and
1528:duplex
1284:are a
1231:, and
1216:fibrin
1020:, and
1008:, and
925:, and
891:sepsis
872:stroke
854:, and
844:trauma
794:Causes
757:distal
717:here.)
680:, and
596:defect
584:stroke
413:, and
401:Using
366:, and
328:cancer
309:ulcers
170:, etc.
107:cancer
78:Pain,
12262:Other
12095:Veins
11945:torso
11887:Other
11584:I80.2
11580:I80.1
11500:Chest
11351:S2CID
11126:(PDF)
10878:TODAY
10708:S2CID
10587:S2CID
10541:Vogue
10489:S2CID
10036:Chest
9984:Chest
9883:Chest
9834:Chest
9811:S2CID
9727:S2CID
9689:(PDF)
9035:S2CID
8824:S2CID
8532:Chest
8490:Chest
8307:(PDF)
8189:S2CID
7922:S2CID
7876:S2CID
7759:Blood
7259:S2CID
7070:Blood
6955:S2CID
6906:S2CID
6858:S2CID
6691:Blood
6485:S2CID
6291:S2CID
6263:(PDF)
6241:S2CID
6121:Chest
6072:Chest
5871:: 3.
5801:S2CID
5714:S2CID
5606:S2CID
5449:S2CID
5263:S2CID
5207:8 May
5107:Blood
4985:S2CID
4818:S2CID
4775:S2CID
4516:: 6.
4461:Chest
4098:64951
4094:S2CID
3829:S2CID
3786:S2CID
3747:(PDF)
3724:(PDF)
3612:S2CID
3562:S2CID
3094:Blood
2672:S2CID
2610:S2CID
2342:Notes
2243:, an
2032:, or
1950:, or
1785:or a
1767:renal
1713:right
775:, or
773:iliac
733:acute
666:triad
598:of a
528:in a
488:in a
282:lungs
261:in a
12196:head
11726:and
11621:3498
11605:MeSH
11594:9-CM
11526:PMID
11481:ISBN
11451:PMID
11402:PMID
11343:PMID
11308:PMID
11267:PMID
11226:PMID
11138:PMID
11092:PMID
11048:PMID
10994:PMID
10953:PMID
10905:ISBN
10886:2020
10860:2020
10834:2020
10805:2020
10779:2020
10749:PMID
10700:PMID
10669:2020
10643:2020
10617:2020
10579:PMID
10548:2020
10519:2012
10481:PMID
10446:PMID
10428:JAMA
10405:PMID
10353:PMID
10299:PMID
10258:PMID
10217:PMID
10176:PMID
10141:PMID
10119:2021
10093:2012
10062:PMID
10010:PMID
9961:PMID
9909:PMID
9860:PMID
9803:PMID
9768:PMID
9719:PMID
9667:PMID
9643:2014
9616:PMID
9564:PMID
9527:2020
9497:PMID
9452:2020
9417:PMID
9368:PMID
9312:PMID
9263:PMID
9214:PMID
9153:2020
9123:PMID
9071:PMID
9027:PMID
8965:PMID
8914:PMID
8883:PMID
8847:PMID
8816:PMID
8780:PMID
8739:PMID
8690:PMID
8646:PMID
8624:2014
8585:PMID
8558:PMID
8506:PMID
8462:PMID
8411:PMID
8389:2006
8362:PMID
8285:PMID
8233:PMID
8181:PMID
8141:PMID
8085:PMID
8049:PMID
8000:PMID
7955:2012
7914:PMID
7868:PMID
7829:PMID
7777:PMID
7731:PMID
7696:PMID
7642:PMID
7593:PMID
7545:2011
7510:PMID
7461:PMID
7409:PMID
7368:PMID
7327:PMID
7313:2011
7286:PMID
7251:PMID
7216:PMID
7175:PMID
7124:PMID
7088:PMID
7047:PMID
7006:PMID
6947:PMID
6898:PMID
6850:PMID
6800:PMID
6751:PMID
6709:PMID
6668:PMID
6612:PMID
6577:PMID
6536:PMID
6477:PMID
6439:PMID
6388:PMID
6347:PMID
6283:PMID
6233:PMID
6198:PMID
6147:PMID
6098:PMID
6049:PMID
5998:PMID
5974:2014
5947:PMID
5893:PMID
5842:PMID
5793:PMID
5758:PMID
5706:PMID
5668:PMID
5598:PMID
5546:PMID
5497:PMID
5441:PMID
5406:PMID
5356:PMID
5315:PMID
5255:PMID
5209:2021
5174:PMID
5125:PMID
5077:PMID
5026:PMID
4977:PMID
4908:PMID
4859:PMID
4841:JAMA
4810:PMID
4738:PMID
4686:PMID
4635:PMID
4579:PMID
4538:PMID
4487:PMID
4425:PMID
4374:PMID
4323:PMID
4301:2016
4274:PMID
4229:2012
4194:PMID
4143:PMID
4086:PMID
4051:PMID
4005:PMID
3971:PMID
3917:PMID
3868:PMID
3821:PMID
3778:PMID
3736:PMID
3702:PMID
3658:PMID
3604:PMID
3554:PMID
3472:PMID
3428:PMID
3384:PMID
3338:PMID
3276:PMID
3232:PMID
3174:PMID
3112:PMID
3072:2020
3056:PMID
3016:PMID
2975:PMID
2923:2020
2890:PMID
2800:PMID
2738:PMID
2664:PMID
2602:PMID
1893:and
1824:QALY
1791:NICE
1779:APTT
1777:and
1769:and
1705:left
1530:and
1254:and
1214:and
1178:and
1029:and
972:The
389:. A
374:and
11843:LDL
11590:ICD
11571:ICD
11556:ICD
11516:PMC
11508:doi
11504:141
11441:PMC
11433:doi
11392:PMC
11382:doi
11335:doi
11298:doi
11257:doi
11253:135
11216:PMC
11206:doi
11082:doi
11078:143
11038:PMC
11030:doi
10984:doi
10943:doi
10939:201
10852:CNN
10739:doi
10692:doi
10636:CNN
10571:doi
10473:doi
10469:105
10436:doi
10432:307
10395:PMC
10387:doi
10343:PMC
10335:doi
10331:137
10289:doi
10248:doi
10207:doi
10168:doi
10164:164
10131:PMC
10123:doi
10052:PMC
10044:doi
10040:141
10000:PMC
9992:doi
9988:141
9951:PMC
9943:doi
9899:PMC
9891:doi
9887:141
9850:PMC
9842:doi
9838:141
9795:doi
9791:156
9758:doi
9709:hdl
9701:doi
9657:PMC
9647:doi
9606:PMC
9598:doi
9554:doi
9487:PMC
9479:doi
9407:PMC
9399:doi
9358:PMC
9348:doi
9302:PMC
9294:doi
9253:PMC
9245:doi
9204:PMC
9196:doi
9192:139
9113:PMC
9105:doi
9101:377
9063:doi
9019:doi
9015:379
8955:PMC
8945:doi
8910:100
8875:doi
8871:129
8808:doi
8804:153
8770:doi
8766:154
8729:PMC
8721:doi
8680:doi
8676:158
8636:PMC
8628:doi
8548:PMC
8540:doi
8536:141
8498:doi
8494:149
8452:PMC
8442:doi
8401:PMC
8393:doi
8352:doi
8348:123
8319:doi
8275:PMC
8267:doi
8223:doi
8173:doi
8169:168
8131:PMC
8121:doi
8081:100
8039:PMC
8031:doi
8027:348
8023:BMJ
7990:PMC
7982:doi
7978:165
7906:doi
7860:doi
7819:PMC
7811:doi
7767:doi
7763:128
7723:doi
7719:123
7686:PMC
7676:doi
7632:PMC
7624:doi
7583:PMC
7575:doi
7500:PMC
7492:doi
7488:182
7451:PMC
7443:doi
7399:doi
7358:doi
7317:doi
7243:doi
7239:365
7206:doi
7165:PMC
7155:doi
7116:doi
7112:135
7078:doi
7074:126
7037:PMC
6996:PMC
6986:doi
6982:105
6939:doi
6890:doi
6840:doi
6790:PMC
6782:doi
6778:345
6774:BMJ
6743:doi
6699:doi
6695:131
6658:PMC
6648:doi
6604:doi
6600:118
6567:doi
6563:287
6526:PMC
6516:doi
6469:doi
6429:PMC
6419:doi
6415:195
6378:doi
6374:141
6337:PMC
6327:doi
6275:doi
6225:doi
6188:PMC
6178:doi
6137:PMC
6129:doi
6125:159
6088:PMC
6080:doi
6076:148
6039:PMC
6029:doi
5988:PMC
5978:doi
5937:PMC
5927:doi
5883:PMC
5873:doi
5832:doi
5785:doi
5781:241
5748:doi
5698:doi
5658:PMC
5650:doi
5590:doi
5536:PMC
5528:doi
5487:doi
5483:161
5433:doi
5396:doi
5392:149
5346:doi
5305:doi
5245:doi
5164:PMC
5156:doi
5115:doi
5111:135
5067:PMC
5057:doi
5053:139
5016:doi
5012:151
4969:doi
4940:PMC
4932:doi
4928:177
4898:PMC
4890:doi
4886:175
4849:doi
4845:303
4802:doi
4767:doi
4728:PMC
4720:doi
4716:366
4712:BMJ
4676:PMC
4666:doi
4625:PMC
4615:doi
4569:doi
4528:PMC
4518:doi
4477:PMC
4469:doi
4465:141
4415:hdl
4405:doi
4364:PMC
4354:doi
4313:PMC
4305:doi
4264:PMC
4256:doi
4184:PMC
4174:doi
4133:PMC
4125:doi
4078:doi
4041:doi
3961:PMC
3953:doi
3907:PMC
3899:doi
3895:121
3860:doi
3813:doi
3770:doi
3766:360
3762:BMJ
3692:doi
3648:doi
3596:doi
3544:hdl
3536:doi
3532:210
3462:doi
3458:161
3418:doi
3414:117
3374:doi
3370:118
3328:PMC
3320:doi
3266:doi
3222:PMC
3214:doi
3164:PMC
3156:doi
3152:114
3102:doi
3098:135
3006:doi
2965:PMC
2957:doi
2880:doi
2790:PMC
2782:doi
2728:PMC
2720:doi
2654:doi
2594:doi
2590:210
1833:or
1649:(a
1641:),
1637:(a
1633:),
1629:(a
899:HIV
536:or
421:.
303:is
292:of
251:DVT
12471::
11947::
11930:/
11721:,
11665::
11654::
11643::
11619::
11608::
11597::
11582:,
11578::
11575:10
11563::
11560:11
11524:.
11514:.
11502:.
11498:.
11449:.
11439:.
11429:14
11427:.
11423:.
11400:.
11390:.
11376:.
11372:.
11349:.
11341:.
11331:29
11329:.
11306:.
11294:14
11292:.
11288:.
11265:.
11251:.
11247:.
11224:.
11214:.
11202:25
11200:.
11196:.
11184:^
11174:.
11162:^
11134:38
11132:.
11128:.
11090:.
11076:.
11072:.
11060:^
11046:.
11036:.
11024:.
11020:.
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10992:.
10980:11
10978:.
10974:.
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10937:.
10933:.
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10876:.
10850:.
10825:.
10813:^
10795:.
10770:.
10747:.
10735:79
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10729:.
10706:.
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10688:21
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10527:^
10487:.
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10430:.
10426:.
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10377:.
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10351:.
10341:.
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