31:
111:, was of the following generation of composers). Antonio's nickname "Zaccara" (or "Zachara"; often regularized in modern editions as "Zacara") probably is a reference to his short stature (he is described as having "statura corporis parva" in a 15th-century biography). The name Zacara means a small thing or a thing of little value; hence the reason why Antonio never used the nickname himself and documents produced in circles close to the composer are careful to call him some variation on "Antonius vulgatus dictus Zachara" (Anthony, commonly called Zacara).
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264:, a two-voice invocation to the Roman god of the underworld; the text is filled with the names of the inhabitants of the infernal regions. It is "an enthusiastic prayer to Pluto, king of the demons"ânot the kind of composition one would normally expect from a pious Vatican secretary. Zacara even used this song as a basis for one of his settings of the Credo of the
180:
Studies on Zacara's music are all relatively recent, and much remains to be solved in terms of chronology and attribution. He seems to have been active as a composer throughout his life, and a stylistic development is evident, with two general phases taking shape: an early period, dominated by song
244:
The songs in the
Squarcialupi Codex and Mancini Codex differ greatly in style. Those in the former document were probably written early in Zacara's career, and show influence from lyrical mid-century Italian composers such as Landini; the music in the Mancini Codex is more closely related to the
145:, and from his surviving letters, as well as the numerous hidden, and probably subversive political references in his music, Zacara seems to have been involved in the machinations of the time. It is not known exactly when he abandoned service to Pope Gregory, but if the ballata
107:), not far from the Adriatic coast. The possibility that two different composers, "Antonio da Teramo" and "Zacara da Teramo", were conflated into one person was removed by research into the composer's life by Agostino Ziino. (Another composer with a similar name,
171:
contains an illustration of him. He was a small man, and had a total of only ten digits altogether on both hands and feet, details which are not only evident in the portrait but mentioned in his entry in an 18th-century
Abruzzi necrology.
249:. While exact dates on the music have not been established, it is possible that some of the music in the Mancini Codex was written after Zacara left Rome, and was more likely to be influenced by the Avignon-based avant-garde
161:
in 1412 and 1413. Two documents of 1416 (one or them dated 17 and 20 September) describe him as being already dead; he owned substantial property in Teramo as well as a house in Rome at the time of his death.
321:
For a complete discography of Zacara until 2004, see
Gianluca Tarquinio, "Discografia di Antonio Zacara da Teramo," in Zimei 2004, pp. 421â34. Four discs comprise entirely or mostly the music of Zacara:
202:
Both sacred and secular vocal music survive by Zacara, and in greater quantity than most other composers from the period around 1400. Numerous paired mass movements, Glorias and Credos, are in a
283:. Zacara may have been the first to use 'divisi' passages in the upper voices. His movements are much longer than other 14th century mass movements, and use imitation extensively, as well as
567:
Volume 1 â Page 65 Christopher
Kleinhenz â 2004 "Antonio Zacara da Teramo (died c. 1413â1415), who lived in Rome from at least 1390 to 1407, served as papal singer and scribe under popes
241:, found in the manuscript T.III.2, in part on stylistic grounds, and in part on the basis of the politically charged, satirical subject matter of the text.
423:
Ghisi, Federico (1946). "Italian Ars Nova Music, the
Perugia and Pistoia fragments of the Lucca Codex, and other unpublished early 15th century sources,"
303:
Some of Zacara's pieces are found in very distant sources, indicating his fame and wide distribution, including in a Polish manuscript and in the
English
122:; the document mentions that he was not young at the time of this appointment, but his exact age is not given. In the next year he became a secretary to
253:
style; on the other hand he may have been consciously trying to create a Roman response to the music coming from the court of the schismatic antipopes.
287:(a more archaic technique). In general, his paired movementsâGloria, Credoâare a link between the scattered, ununified movements of the 14th century (
982:
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385:, edited by Richard Sherr, 5â43. Oxford: Clarendon Press in association with Library of Congress, Washington; New York: Oxford University Press.
257:
211:
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406:
Di Mascia, Elvira, and Lucia Marchi (2001). "'Le temps verrà tamtoust aprés': Una proposta di attribuzione ad
Antonio Zacara da Teramo".
77:
and early 15th century. He was one of the most active
Italian composers around 1400, and his style bridged the periods of the Trecento,
395:
Cuthbert, Michael Scott (2004). "Zacara's Dâamor
Languire and Strategies for Borrowing in the Early Fifteenth-Century Italian Mass," in
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485:, edited by Lewis Lockwood and Christoph Wolff, 126â44. Studies in the History of Music 1. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
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126:; the letter of appointment survives, and indicates that he was a married layman as well as a singer in the papal chapel.
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467:
Marchi, Lucia (2003). "Intorno all'origine del codice T.III.2 della
Biblioteca Nazionale Universitaria di Torino".
214:(probably compiled around 1410). Three songs are found in other sources, including the ars subtilior, Latin-texted
2724:
271:
Zacara's mass movements appears to have been influential on other composers of the early 15th century, including
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1983:
193:; and a period possibly beginning around 1400, when he was in Rome, during which his music is influenced by the
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Il Codice T.III.2, Torino, Biblioteca nazionale universitaria: studio introduttivo ed edizione in facsimile
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Ziino 1994, 103â104. Supported in later publications by Margaret Bent (1998) and by Lucia Marchi (2003).
237:(Fallows 2001). A recent study proposes attribution to Zacara of a French-texted two-voice composition,
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Ziino, Agostino (1979). "Magister Antonius dictus Zacharias de Teramo: alcune date e molte ipotesi,"
399:, edited by Francesco Zimei, (Lucca: Libreria Musicale Italiana). pp. 337â57. (Reprinted in
69:; c.1350/1360 â between May 19, 1413 and mid-September 1416) was an Italian composer, singer, and
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318:(Complete Works), ALPHA640, by La Fonte Musica and Michele Pasotti (2021). 3 hours 57 minutes.
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is indeed by Zacara then we can read in its text evidence that he left Gregory before the
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NĂĄdas, John (1986). "Further notes on Magister Antonius dictus Zacharias de Teramo,"
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manuscript (Q15), compiled beginning around 1420; seven songs appear in the
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15 (1986), pp. 167â82. Corrections in vol. 16 (1987), pp. 175â76.
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337:, Quadrivium SCA 027, by an Italian group called "Sine Nomine" (1993).
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698:"Un fior gentile. L'ars nova di magister Antonio Zacara da Teramo"
494:, 20 vols., edited by Stanley Sadie. London: Macmillan Publishers.
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2013:
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Recercare: Rivista per lo studio e la pratica della musica antica
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Papal Music and Musicians in Late Medieval and Renaissance Rome
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Music and Culture in Italy from the Middle Ages to the Baroque
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Antonio Zacara da Teramo (illustration from the 15th century
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and was maestro di cappella in the chapel of the antipope
141:(1406â1415). This was during the turbulent period of the
330:, RCA 2G8KY-19714/15, by "Gruppo Mensura Musicae" (1978).
256:
One of the strangest of Zacara's songs, occurring in the
114:
Nothing is known about his life until he is recorded in
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1.3, pp. 173â191. With musical supplement in 1.4.
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in 1409. He is recorded as a singer in the chapel of
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446:
534:. Ars nova 3. Lucca: Libreria Musicale Italiana.
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381:Bent, Margaret (1998). "Early Papal Motets". In
344:, Micrologus CDM 0012.00, by the Italian group "
491:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
342:Un Fior Gentile. L'Ars Nova di Zacara da Teramo
129:He stayed at this post through the papacies of
481:Pirrotta, Nino. "Zacara Da Teramo" (1984). In
279:; some of his innovations can even be seen in
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210:(probably compiled 1410â1415) and 12 in the
2134:
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438:, ed. L. Macy (Accessed January 18, 2006),
425:Journal of Renaissance and Baroque Music (=
417:, ed. L. Macy (Accessed January 18, 2006),
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335:Zachara, cantore dell'antipapa (XV secolo)
216:Sumite, karissimi, capud de Remulo, patres
732:International Music Score Library Project
296:being the significant exception) and the
29:
2125:
2029:List of Galician-Portuguese troubadours
1374:
546:Antonio Zacara da Teramo e il suo tempo
397:Antonio Zacara da Teramo e il suo tempo
14:
2931:
444:
359:early music ensemble Currentes (2011).
1472:
1348:
1091:
741:
660:Pirrotta, "Zacara da Teramo," p. 142.
497:
300:which developed in the 15th century.
712:"Currentes â Spinato Intorno Al Cor"
548:(Lucca: Libreria Musicale Italiana).
413:Fallows, David. "Zacara da Teramo".
1855:Other troubadours and trobairitz...
307:(no. 33, a setting of the Gloria).
120:Ospedale di Santo Spirito in Sassia
24:
1498:
767:
544:Zimei, Francesco, editor (2004).
453:. New York: W.W. Norton & Co.
185:, similar in style to the work of
25:
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721:
488:Reaney, Gilbert (1980). "Zacar".
47:Antonius Berardi Andree de Teramo
2979:Italian male classical composers
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1328:
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1236:
1072:
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316:Zacara da Teramo: Enigma Fortuna
147:Dime Fortuna poy che tu parlasti
83:, and beginnings of the musical
728:Free scores by Zacara da Teramo
704:
690:
681:
672:
565:Medieval Italy: an encyclopedia
525:Rivista Italiana di Musicologia
118:, in 1390, as a teacher at the
2944:15th-century Italian composers
663:
654:
645:
636:
624:
615:
606:
558:
38:showing his physical ailments)
13:
1:
2969:Italian Renaissance composers
1850:William IX, Duke of Aquitaine
375:
310:
233:), his secular songs are all
7:
1521:List of musical instruments
445:Hoppin, Richard H. (1978).
434:GĂłmez, Maricarmen. "Mass".
363:
10:
3000:
2984:Italian Renaissance people
669:Di Mascia and Marchi 2001.
95:Antonio was probably from
43:Antonio "Zacara" da Teramo
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2383:Matheus de Sancto Johanne
2378:Johannes Symonis Hasprois
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2154:
2121:
2052:
2048:
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2024:Galician-Portuguese lyric
1969:Jehan le Cuvelier d'Arras
1884:Andrieu Contredit d'Arras
1869:
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1438:
1405:Matheus de Sancto Johanne
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1188:Johannes Symonis Hasprois
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1062:
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883:
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509:. New York: W.W. Norton.
18:Antonio Zachara da Teramo
2413:Antonio Zacara da Teramo
1223:Antonio Zacara da Teramo
552:
530:Ziino, Agostino (1994).
505:Music in the Renaissance
355:, Lawo Classics, by the
175:
2974:Medieval male composers
2959:Ars subtilior composers
1939:Gillebert de Berneville
1516:List of music theorists
245:mannerist style of the
221:Apart from one caccia (
90:
2212:Gherardello da Firenze
1899:Le Chastelain de Couci
1692:Philippe le Chancelier
860:Gherardello da Firenze
642:Fallows, Grove online.
353:Spinato Intorno Al Cor
73:secretary of the late
39:
2521:Johannes de Garlandia
1835:Raimbaut de Vaqueiras
1324:Also music theorist*
1278:Music of the Trecento
440:(subscription access)
419:(subscription access)
370:Music of the Trecento
277:Bartolomeo da Bologna
33:
2842:Also music theorist*
2526:Johannes de Grocheio
2343:Conradus de Pistoria
2330:Philippus de Caserta
2279:Philippus de Caserta
2248:Antonello da Caserta
2197:Andreas de Florentia
2088:Guillaume de Machaut
1749:Bernart de Ventadorn
1734:Aimeric de Peguilhan
1677:Albertus Parisiensis
1627:Adam of Saint Victor
1587:Saint Martial school
1544:Notker the Stammerer
1153:Conradus de Pistoria
1140:Philippus de Caserta
1066:Also music theorist*
927:Philippus de Caserta
896:Antonello da Caserta
845:Andreas de Florentia
293:Messe de Nostre Dame
225:), a Latin ballade (
2949:14th-century births
2453:Contenance angloise
2243:Bartolino da Padova
2142:Marchetto da Padova
2073:Magister Franciscus
1949:Guillaume le Vinier
1944:Gontier de Soignies
1889:Audefroi le Bastart
1775:Folquet de Marselha
1632:Wulfstan the Cantor
1622:Hildegard of Bingen
1592:Adémar de Chabannes
1577:Fulbert of Chartres
1539:Abbey of Saint Gall
1531:Early (before 1150)
1376:Old Hall Manuscript
891:Bartolino da Padova
790:Marchetto da Padova
687:Cuthbert 2004, 351.
527:14, pp. 311â48
346:Ensemble Micrologus
305:Old Hall Manuscript
229:), and a madrigal (
223:Cacciando un giorno
2964:People from Teramo
2939:Trecento composers
2781:Neo-Medieval music
2771:Medieval folk rock
2551:Berno of Reichenau
2531:Iacobus de Ispania
2373:Petrus de Goscalch
2274:NiccolĂČ da Perugia
2269:Grazioso da Padova
2217:Lorenzo da Firenze
2177:Vincenzo da Rimini
2162:Giovanni da Cascia
1994:Other trouvĂšres...
1979:Perrin d'Angicourt
1929:Gautier de Dargies
1904:Chrétien de Troyes
1840:Raimon de Miravalh
1830:Raimbaut d'Aurenga
1183:Petrus de Goscalch
957:Squarcialupi Codex
922:NiccolĂČ da Perugia
917:Grazioso da Padova
865:Lorenzo da Firenze
825:Vincenzo da Rimini
810:Giovanni da Cascia
714:. musikkonline.no.
436:Grove Music Online
415:Grove Music Online
328:Zaccaria da Teramo
262:Deus deorum, Pluto
208:Squarcialupi Codex
181:forms such as the
168:Squarcialupi Codex
40:
36:Squarcialupi Codex
2880:
2879:
2848:Renaissance music
2556:Aurelian of RĂ©ĂŽme
2541:Johannes de Muris
2511:Franco of Cologne
2489:
2488:
2471:Arnold de Lantins
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2264:Giovanni Mazzuoli
2259:Matteo da Perugia
2231:
2230:
2207:Francesco Landini
2185:
2184:
2167:Jacopo da Bologna
2150:
2149:
2117:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2104:Philippe de Vitry
2083:Jehan de Lescurel
2004:
2003:
1989:Raoul de Soissons
1934:Gautier d'Espinal
1924:Gautier de Coincy
1865:
1864:
1785:Giraut de Bornelh
1764:CerverĂ de Girona
1744:Arnaut de Mareuil
1714:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1672:Notre-Dame school
1582:Heriger of Lobbes
1511:List of composers
1466:
1465:
1425:Nicholas Sturgeon
1342:
1341:
1319:Renaissance music
1163:Johannes Cuvelier
1085:
1084:
1052:Renaissance music
945:
944:
912:Giovanni Mazzuoli
907:Matteo da Perugia
879:
878:
855:Francesco Landini
833:
832:
815:Jacopo da Bologna
798:
797:
427:Musica Disciplina
227:Sumite, karissimi
191:Francesco Landini
187:Jacopo da Bologna
137:(1404â1406), and
109:Nicolaus Zacharie
105:Kingdom of Naples
16:(Redirected from
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2336:Johannes Ciconia
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2253:Johannes Ciconia
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2202:Donato da Cascia
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2041:Late (1300â1400)
1984:Philippe de RĂ©mi
1914:Conon de BĂ©thune
1894:Blondel de Nesle
1879:Adam de la Halle
1867:
1866:
1805:Peire d'Alvernha
1716:
1715:
1703:
1658:
1657:
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1649:High (1150â1300)
1638:Wipo of Burgundy
1603:
1573:
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1556:Stephen of LiĂšge
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1486:
1479:
1470:
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1430:Zacara da Teramo
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1146:Johannes Ciconia
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937:Zacara da Teramo
901:Johannes Ciconia
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871:Paolo da Firenze
850:Donato da Cascia
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678:Ghisi 1946, 185.
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403:, Ashgate, 2010)
273:Johannes Ciconia
165:The illuminated
124:Pope Boniface IX
27:Italian composer
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2875:
2852:
2833:
2785:
2754:
2691:
2641:Gregorian chant
2560:
2546:Walter Odington
2506:Guido of Arezzo
2485:
2442:Johannes Alanus
2422:
2398:Jacob Senleches
2334:
2293:
2227:
2181:
2146:
2109:
2102:
2035:
2000:
1861:
1790:Guiraut Riquier
1769:Comtessa de Dia
1754:Bertran de Born
1722:
1706:
1700:Petrus de Cruce
1698:
1643:
1607:Notker Physicus
1598:
1568:
1560:
1525:
1502:
1497:
1467:
1462:
1434:
1378:
1373:
1343:
1338:
1337:
1323:
1315:
1299:
1266:
1254:Chantilly Codex
1241:
1232:
1208:Jacob Senleches
1144:
1123:
1116:
1086:
1081:
1058:
1023:Portative organ
1018:Landini cadence
1006:
985:
983:Caccia (musica)
966:
941:
875:
829:
794:
771:
766:
724:
719:
710:
709:
705:
696:
695:
691:
686:
682:
677:
673:
668:
664:
659:
655:
650:
646:
641:
637:
629:
625:
620:
616:
611:
607:
598:
587:
563:
559:
555:
517:
461:
410:30, no. 1:3â32.
378:
366:
313:
231:Plorans ploravi
178:
151:Council of Pisa
93:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2997:
2987:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2926:
2925:
2913:
2901:
2878:
2877:
2874:
2873:
2863:
2845:
2844:
2843:
2839:
2838:
2835:
2834:
2832:
2831:
2830:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2799:
2793:
2791:
2787:
2786:
2784:
2783:
2778:
2776:Medieval metal
2773:
2768:
2762:
2760:
2756:
2755:
2753:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2716:
2715:
2710:
2699:
2697:
2693:
2692:
2690:
2689:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2661:
2660:
2650:
2649:
2648:
2646:Pope Gregory I
2638:
2633:
2632:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2595:
2594:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2568:
2566:
2562:
2561:
2559:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2516:Johannes Cotto
2513:
2508:
2503:
2497:
2495:
2491:
2490:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2457:
2456:
2447:John Dunstaple
2444:
2438:
2436:
2428:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2408:Johannes Susay
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2388:Gacian Reyneau
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2368:Martinus Fabri
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2332:
2327:
2321:
2319:
2303:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2295:
2294:
2292:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2250:
2245:
2239:
2237:
2236:3rd generation
2229:
2228:
2226:
2225:
2220:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2193:
2191:
2190:2nd generation
2183:
2182:
2180:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2158:
2156:
2155:1st generation
2148:
2147:
2145:
2144:
2138:
2136:
2129:
2115:
2114:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2100:
2098:Jehan Vaillant
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2068:Denis Le Grant
2065:
2060:
2058:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2031:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2005:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1998:
1997:
1996:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1974:Moniot d'Arras
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1954:Guiot de Dijon
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1875:
1873:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1859:
1858:
1857:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1810:Peire Cardenal
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1780:Gaucelm Faidit
1777:
1772:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1730:
1728:
1712:
1711:
1708:
1707:
1705:
1704:
1696:
1695:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1668:
1666:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1641:
1635:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1596:
1595:
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1584:
1579:
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1546:
1535:
1533:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1500:Medieval music
1496:
1495:
1488:
1481:
1473:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1460:
1458:Old Hall Green
1455:
1450:
1442:
1440:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1386:
1384:
1380:
1379:
1372:
1371:
1364:
1357:
1349:
1340:
1339:
1336:
1335:
1316:
1306:
1305:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1298:
1297:
1296:
1295:
1288:Medieval music
1285:
1274:
1272:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1264:
1257:
1249:
1247:
1243:
1242:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1218:Johannes Susay
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1198:Gacian Reyneau
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1178:Martinus Fabri
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1142:
1137:
1131:
1129:
1125:
1124:
1115:
1114:
1107:
1100:
1092:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1079:
1068:
1067:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1057:
1056:
1055:
1054:
1049:
1047:Medieval music
1039:
1032:
1025:
1020:
1014:
1012:
1008:
1007:
1005:
1004:
999:
992:
980:
974:
972:
968:
967:
965:
964:
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951:
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940:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
898:
893:
887:
885:
884:3rd generation
877:
876:
874:
873:
868:
862:
857:
852:
847:
841:
839:
838:2nd generation
831:
830:
828:
827:
822:
817:
812:
806:
804:
803:1st generation
796:
795:
793:
792:
786:
784:
777:
773:
772:
769:Trecento Music
765:
764:
757:
750:
742:
736:
735:
723:
722:External links
720:
718:
717:
703:
689:
680:
671:
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635:
623:
614:
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585:
556:
554:
551:
550:
549:
542:
528:
521:
515:
499:Reese, Gustave
495:
486:
479:
476:Studi Musicali
472:
465:
459:
449:Medieval Music
442:
432:
421:
411:
408:Studi musicali
404:
393:
377:
374:
373:
372:
365:
362:
361:
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349:
338:
331:
312:
309:
239:Le temps verrĂ
177:
174:
143:Western Schism
99:, in northern
92:
89:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2996:
2985:
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2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2704:
2703:British Isles
2701:
2700:
2698:
2694:
2688:
2687:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
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2656:
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2647:
2644:
2643:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2630:
2627:
2625:
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2617:
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2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2565:Musical forms
2563:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2492:
2482:
2481:W. de Wycombe
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2455:
2454:
2450:
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2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2348:Baude Cordier
2346:
2344:
2341:
2337:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2317:
2316:Ars subtilior
2312:
2308:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2224:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2188:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2172:Maestro Piero
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2153:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2137:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2105:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2093:P. des Molins
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2056:
2051:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2038:
2030:
2027:
2026:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2006:
1995:
1992:
1991:
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1987:
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1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1868:
1856:
1853:
1852:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
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1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
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1776:
1773:
1770:
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1765:
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1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1739:Arnaut Daniel
1737:
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1731:
1729:
1726:
1721:
1717:
1701:
1697:
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1674:
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1650:
1646:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1617:Peter Abelard
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1601:
1600:Odo of Arezzo
1597:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1571:
1567:
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1545:
1542:
1541:
1540:
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1536:
1534:
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1528:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1505:
1501:
1494:
1489:
1487:
1482:
1480:
1475:
1474:
1471:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1437:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1370:
1365:
1363:
1358:
1356:
1351:
1350:
1347:
1334:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1320:
1314:
1313:
1312:
1302:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1244:
1239:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1158:Baude Cordier
1156:
1154:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1121:
1120:Ars subtilior
1113:
1108:
1106:
1101:
1099:
1094:
1093:
1090:
1078:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1064:
1061:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1037:
1036:Ars subtilior
1033:
1031:
1030:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1015:
1013:
1009:
1003:
1000:
998:
997:
993:
989:
984:
981:
979:
976:
975:
973:
969:
963:
960:
958:
955:
954:
952:
948:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
888:
886:
882:
872:
869:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
842:
840:
836:
826:
823:
821:
820:Maestro Piero
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
807:
805:
801:
791:
788:
787:
785:
781:
778:
774:
770:
763:
758:
756:
751:
749:
744:
743:
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733:
729:
726:
725:
713:
707:
699:
693:
684:
675:
666:
657:
648:
639:
633:
630:Zimei, 2004,
627:
618:
609:
602:
596:
594:
592:
590:
583:in 1412-141."
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
561:
557:
547:
543:
541:
540:88-7096-034-X
537:
533:
529:
526:
522:
518:
516:0-393-09530-4
512:
507:
506:
500:
496:
493:
492:
487:
484:
480:
477:
473:
470:
466:
462:
460:0-393-09090-6
456:
451:
450:
443:
441:
437:
433:
430:
428:
422:
420:
416:
412:
409:
405:
402:
398:
394:
392:
391:0-19-816417-3
388:
384:
380:
379:
371:
368:
367:
358:
354:
350:
347:
343:
339:
336:
332:
329:
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308:
306:
301:
299:
295:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
269:
267:
263:
259:
258:Mancini Codex
254:
252:
251:ars subtilior
248:
247:ars subtilior
242:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
219:
217:
213:
212:Mancini Codex
209:
205:
200:
198:
197:
196:ars subtilior
192:
188:
184:
173:
170:
169:
163:
160:
156:
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148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
127:
125:
121:
117:
112:
110:
106:
102:
98:
88:
86:
82:
81:
80:ars subtilior
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
37:
32:
19:
2954:1410s deaths
2846:
2812:Architecture
2684:
2636:Geisslerlied
2614:Formes fixes
2536:Notker Labeo
2501:Anonymous IV
2476:Leonel Power
2461:Thomas Fabri
2451:
2412:
2314:
2288:
2135:Predecessors
2053:
1959:Jehan Bretel
1795:Jaufre Rudel
1661:
1570:Odo of Cluny
1445:
1429:
1410:Leonel Power
1317:
1309:
1308:
1281:
1261:Modena Codex
1259:
1252:
1222:
1118:
1034:
1027:
994:
936:
783:Predecessors
706:
692:
683:
674:
665:
656:
647:
638:
631:
626:
617:
608:
601:Grove online
600:
573:Innocent VII
564:
560:
545:
531:
524:
504:
489:
482:
475:
468:
448:
435:
424:
414:
407:
400:
396:
382:
352:
341:
334:
327:
320:
315:
314:
302:
291:
270:
261:
255:
250:
246:
243:
238:
230:
226:
222:
220:
215:
201:
194:
179:
166:
164:
146:
135:Innocent VII
128:
113:
94:
78:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
41:
2802:Middle Ages
2797:Early music
2759:Derivations
2592:Chansonnier
1964:Jehan Erart
1909:Colin Muset
1815:Peire Vidal
1663:Ars antiqua
1293:Early music
1042:Early music
986: [
962:Rossi Codex
950:Manuscripts
621:NĂĄdas, 1986
612:Ziino, 1979
577:Gregory XII
569:Boniface IX
298:cyclic mass
139:Gregory XII
133:(to 1404),
131:Boniface IX
85:Renaissance
2933:Categories
2827:Philosophy
2822:Literature
2790:Background
2696:Traditions
2063:F. Andrieu
1919:Gace Brulé
1759:Castelloza
1725:Trobairitz
1720:Troubadour
1612:St. Godric
700:. iasm.it.
581:John XXIII
376:References
311:Recordings
155:John XXIII
45:(in Latin
2911:Biography
2740:Lithuania
2604:Conductus
2494:Theorists
2466:Roy Henry
2393:Rodericus
2284:Sant Omer
2019:Minnesang
1453:Isorhythm
1400:Roy Henry
1390:Byttering
1383:Composers
1280:(Italian
1203:Rodericus
1128:Composers
932:Sant Omer
776:Composers
599:Fallows,
357:Norwegian
348:" (2004).
289:Machaut's
67:Ăacharius
2861:Category
2766:Bardcore
2745:Portugal
2713:Scotland
2686:Planctus
2670:Madrigal
2609:Estampie
2572:Antiphon
2127:Trecento
2055:Ars nova
2014:Goliards
1871:TrouvĂšre
1845:Sordello
1825:Perdigon
1800:Marcabru
1447:Ars nova
1420:Queldryk
1333:Category
1311:Ars nova
1282:ars nova
1271:See also
1077:Category
1029:Ars nova
1011:See also
978:Madrigal
501:(1954).
471:15:7â37.
401:Ars Nova
364:See also
75:Trecento
59:Zacharie
2885:Portals
2730:Germany
2708:England
2680:Organum
2658:Tydorel
2629:Virelai
2624:Rondeau
2619:Ballade
2587:Chanson
2363:Egidius
2358:Egardus
2078:Grimace
2009:Casella
1687:PĂ©rotin
1562:Hucbald
1549:Tuotilo
1439:Related
1246:Sources
1173:Egidius
1168:Egardus
996:Ballata
734:(IMSLP)
730:at the
632:passim.
326:An LP,
235:ballate
204:Bologna
183:ballata
159:Bologna
101:Abruzzo
63:Zachara
55:Zaccara
49:, also
2871:Portal
2817:Poetry
2725:France
2720:Cyprus
2435:Others
2418:Trebor
2403:Solage
2325:Borlet
1820:Peirol
1723:&
1682:LĂ©onin
1415:Pycard
1395:Damett
1228:Trebor
1213:Solage
1135:Borlet
971:Genres
575:, and
538:
513:
457:
389:
351:A CD,
340:A CD,
333:A CD,
285:hocket
97:Teramo
65:, and
2923:Music
2750:Spain
2735:Italy
2675:Motet
2599:Chant
2582:Carol
2577:Canso
1002:Motet
990:]
553:Notes
281:Dufay
260:, is
176:Music
71:papal
51:Zacar
536:ISBN
511:ISBN
455:ISBN
387:ISBN
275:and
266:mass
116:Rome
91:Life
2807:Art
2653:Lai
189:or
157:in
2935::
1307:â
988:it
588:^
571:,
268:.
218:.
199:.
87:.
61:,
57:,
53:,
2887::
2851:â
2338:*
2255:*
2219:*
2106:*
1771:*
1727:*
1702:*
1640:?
1634:?
1602:*
1572:*
1564:*
1492:e
1485:t
1478:v
1368:e
1361:t
1354:v
1322:â
1284:)
1148:*
1111:e
1104:t
1097:v
903:*
867:*
761:e
754:t
747:v
603:.
519:.
463:.
429:)
103:(
20:)
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