1432:
1375:
1823:
1652:
48:
1334:
614:
1360:
28–43 millimeters. The petals have spurs that are 34-48 mm long while their blades are usually 20–24 mm, though occasionally as short as 17 mm. They grow on rocky slopes, near streams, in open woodlands, and in herb dominated meadows. They flower in the summer starting in mid-June and may flower as late as early
September. NatureServe evaluated the variety in 2004 and found it to be apparently secure (T4) globally and in Wyoming. They did not evaluate the rest of its range.
90:
67:
1814:. In 1925 the species was protected by law in Colorado, preventing needless destruction or waste of the flowers. It prohibits the digging or uprooting Colorado columbine plants on public lands and prohibits picking more than twenty-five flowers, buds, or stems in one day. In the 1890s there was also a group called the Columbine Association that sought to establish it as the national flower of the United States.
485:"This is the State flower of Colorado and no other State has one so beautiful. Few indeed are the flowers of the Rockies that can compare with this in beauty. The great blossoms, sometimes six inches in diameter, look like bits of fallen sky, and when the plants cover acres of meadow, as they sometimes do, no words can be found to do them justice."
1666:
Colorado columbine is native to the Rocky
Mountains from northern New Mexico to southern Montana. It grows in all of the mountainous western half of Colorado and Wyoming. Additionally it grows in every county of Utah, parts of Nevada, and northern Arizona. It is listed by the USDA as growing in Idaho
1543:
it may have white to pale blue sepals, occasionally light pink, while it has longer petal spurs (usually 50–58 mm, but ranging from 45–72 mm) and longer flower stamens (17–24 mm). This variety is found in Utah and
Arizona at elevations of 1,800–3,400 meters (5,900–11,200 ft). They
2654:
Filiault, Danièle L; Ballerini, Evangeline S; Mandáková, Terezie; Aköz, Gökçe; Derieg, Nathan J; Schmutz, Jeremy; Jenkins, Jerry; Grimwood, Jane; Shu, Shengqiang; Hayes, Richard D; Hellsten, Uffe; Barry, Kerrie; Yan, Juying; Mihaltcheva, Sirma; Karafiátová, Miroslava (2018-10-16). Hardtke, Christian
1496:
by having shorter flower spurs (usually 40–48 mm, but possibly 36–54 mm) and shorter stamens (13–18 mm). It grows in Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Utah, and
Wyoming at elevations of 2,000–3,600 meters (6,600–11,800 ft). It flowers as early as late June and may bloom as late as August.
1359:
variety of the species grows in
Wyoming, New Mexico, and Colorado at elevations of 2,100–3,500 meters (6,900–11,500 ft). It is distinguished from the two following varieties by having medium to deep blue sepals where they have white, pale blue, or pink sepals. It's sepals range in length from
1310:
in 1896. It is known by the common name of
Colorado alpine columbine. Though botanical writers such as Robert Nold doubt the validity of the variety. It differs from the other varieties by having much smaller petal blades, only 13–17 millimeters instead of 19–28 millimeters. It grows on
528:
The five petals have very long tapered spurs, ranging from 25–72 millimeters in length, though usually longer than 34 mm. The blades of the petals are 13–28 mm long by 5–14 mm wide. Petals are most often white to cream in color at the front with the spurs the same color as the
1876:
in different shades. This is a drawback to gardeners seeking to have standard blue and white columbines, often requiring them to seek collected seeds rather than replanting. The cultivars that are probably entirely or largely derived from Rocky
Mountain columbine include 'alba', 'albiflora', and
1868:
and planting at 21 °C (70 °F) results in 93% germination after three weeks. The seeds also display resistance to sprouting without treatment with none sprouting when planted at 21 °C and 40% germination after two weeks after first being cold stratified at 4.5 °C (40 °F). When
1841:
in gardens. The species was adoped as a garden plant very soon after its scientific description, with its introduction to the United
Kingdom coming in 1864. It is also planted in American gardens for its attractiveness to hummingbirds. They are tollerant of damage by deer and rabbits. It is also
641:
as this is more correct Latin. However, the rules of taxonomic nomenclature generally prefer the original spelling and this is the name adopted by the Board of
International Botanic Nomenclature. James found the first specimen he collected in a thicket of scrub oak near what is today
3217:
Canadian Garden Words : The Origin of Flower, Tree, and Plant Names, both wild and domestic, entertainingly derived from their sources in the
Ancient Toungues together with Fancy Botanical Names & Why You Shall Never Again Be Afraid To Use
1842:
recommended as an attractive plant for revegitation of mountain roadsides in its native range by the Office of Natural Environment in the Federal Highway Administration. When planting large areas it is seeded at a rate of 112 ounces per acre.
1849:
3–8. Plants in cultivation grow most successfully in average to medium garden soil that is well drained and even moisture. They may be grown by gardeners in full sun or partial shade. It is propagated both by seed and the division of plants.
468:
The plant flower buds nod, facing somewhat downward. The flowers are large and showy with a diameter of as much as 15 centimeters (6 in), but more often about 5–10 cm (2–4 in). They are so striking that the botanists
1805:
Though it is not the standard form for a columbine, the long spurs and shape of the Colorado columbine's flower is the most recognized in the genus. The white and lavender variety of the columbine was officially instituted as the
501:
in shades of white to deep-blue or occasionally pink in their wild condition. The sepals range in shape from a flattened circle with somewhat pointed ends with the widest part moved toward the base (
387:
with flowering stems that may be 15–80 centimeters (6–31 in) when fully grown. Its leaves are on stems that are always shorter than the flowering stems, just 9–37 cm (4–15 in) and are
1405:
and sent them to Eastwood. A genetic mutation causes the petals to be replaced with a second set of sepals. The population continues to reproduce in and near the Reynolds Park open space in
1777:
by opening or using holes cut in the spurs. Though prior to its decline in numbers in the 21st century they were also a significant pollinator of the species in some areas. The
1754:
visit the flowers much more frequently. Hawkmoths visit most often during the night while bumblebees only visit during daylight hours. The plants are have the highest rate of
3574:
Brunet, Johanne; Holmquist, Karsten G. A. (September 2009). "The influence of distinct pollinators on female and male reproductive success in the Rocky Mountain columbine".
1881:
ancestry include 'crimson star' and 'rose queen'. While the 'origami mix' hybirds, originally developed by Goldsmith Seeds, are listed by some sources as being derived from
1401:, but only in the state of Colorado. From the foothills to alpine areas forest openings. Colorado resident Anna Dailey collected specimens of the spurless columbine near
1706:
in the southern Rocky Mountains. This species of columbine grows poorly in heavy soils without good drainage. However, it prefers moist areas and is very often found in
1311:
open rocky slopes in the state of Wyoming at elevations of 2,100–3,500 meters (6,900–11,500 ft). It always has pale blue sepals and flowers from June to August.
1501:, despite the fact that it may have light blue or pink sepals. When it was evaluated by NatureServe in 2004, they assigned it the status of apparently secure (T4).
1710:
groves. It will also grow in the open coniferous forests, meadows, and in clearings. When there is sufficient water they will thrive on rocky outcrops and slopes.
3883:
Love, Stephen L; Akins, Candace J (2018). "Summary of the native seed germination studies of Norman C Deno: species with names beginning with letters A and B".
2988:
561:
1560:
strongly asserts this to be incorrect and that the name derives from the Latin adjective "aquilegus" with the meaning "drawing water". The species name,
5031:
5057:
2657:"The Aquilegia genome provides insight into adaptive radiation and reveals an extraordinarily polymorphic chromosome with a unique history"
4063:
5119:
559:), but the flowers are entirely different and the species cannot be confused while flowering. Similar columbines in its range include
3547:
Brunet, Johanne; Sweet, Heather R. (February 2006). "Impact of Insect Pollinator Group and Floral Display Size on Outcrossing Rate".
1674:
Rocky Mountain columbine grows in mountainous areas, starting at elevations lower elevations with the Rocky Mountain variety of the
4979:
4072:
3148:
5246:
5044:
4992:
2957:
1315:
has not evaluated the variety since 2001, but at that time they listed it as vulnerable (T3), but they also list it as possibly
2853:
1989:
Flora of the Four Corners Region : Vascular Plants of the San Juan River Drainage, Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah
1417:. Though lacking parts to produce nectar the flowers are still pollinated by bumblebees, which collect pollen from the plants.
1389:
in 1897. It is a variation where the petals lack spurs and both the petals and spurs are colored deep blue and commonly called
1289:
4003:
5241:
5098:
3919:
3805:
3403:
3369:
3335:
3271:
3226:
3048:
2461:
2304:
2258:
2196:
2159:
2125:
2088:
5049:
5186:
1668:
3649:"Pollinators of the Rocky Mountain columbine: temporal variation, functional groups and associations with floral traits"
2362:"Pollinators of the Rocky Mountain columbine: temporal variation, functional groups and associations with floral traits"
647:
1822:
1857:, particularly when its leaves are regularly wetted by overhead irrigation. It is also susceptible to infestation by
1909:
519:
503:
5062:
413:
1872:
Its natural variability and ease of hybridization with other columbines is exploited in the selection of numerous
1861:, though not more than other species of columbine. Plants can also be attacked by leaf-mining flies and sawflies.
593:
has much shorter spurs on its flowers, just 8-15 mm and grows to the north in Wyoming, Montana, and Alberta.
583:
542:
405:
5018:
3300:(Revised ed.). Washington, D.C.: United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service. p. 75
2327:
1869:
grown in gardens plants will last three or four years a most and often are treated by gardeners like a biennial.
74:
5137:
3603:"Local Geographic Distributions of Bumblebees Near Crested Butte, Colorado: Competition and Community Structure"
599:
5226:
4056:
1807:
1431:
511:
491:
28:
3969:
421:
4914:
3518:
2250:
Wildflowers of Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks : including the greater Yellowstone Ecosystem
1519:
in 1910 by Ivar (Frederick) Tidestrøm (1864-1956). In 1918 Edwin Blake Payson described it as subspecies of
5251:
5221:
4971:
4905:
4812:
2296:
A field Guide to Rocky Mountain Wildflowers : From Northern Arizona and New Mexico to British Columbia
1758:
between plants in areas where the number of flowers is smaller and the population of hawkmoths is highest.
1593:
is suggested to be related to the Latin for "Dove" for a resemblance of five doves drinking at a fountain.
1414:
1345:
5145:
4932:
4927:
411:), and green. They may either be glabrous or covered in fine, minute hairs on the underside of the leaf (
3075:
1374:
5201:
5132:
4997:
2633:
2628:
2591:
2586:
2549:
2544:
2505:
2500:
1956:
1951:
1406:
1270:
354:
89:
5236:
5211:
5196:
4786:
4736:
4049:
3215:
1811:
536:, 50–130 total. The stamens range in length from 13 to 24 mm. They surround five to ten unfused
5216:
4792:
4140:
2290:
2286:
1785:
1778:
1660:
3853:
3114:
2220:
2188:
Meet the Natives : A Beginner's Field Guide to Rocky Mountain Wild Flowers, Trees, and Shrubs
1667:
and South Dakota, but without county level distributions. The species was reported to grow in the
5206:
4766:
4680:
3182:
1557:
630:
5124:
5088:
4028:
3776:
3325:
3038:
2923:
2149:
1611:
is occasionally known as blue columbine and many species are casually called columbines such as
5231:
5036:
4966:
4867:
4654:
4633:
4576:
3393:
3359:
3261:
2294:
2115:
1449:
3839:. Washington, D.C.: Federal Highway Administration. pp. 76, 171, 309, 329, 355, 501, 559.
3295:
2884:
2451:
2151:
The Wildflower Gardener's Guide. Pacific Northwest, Rocky Mountain, and Western Canada Edition
4806:
4706:
4560:
4544:
4539:
4094:
3705:"The Pollination Ecology of Aquilegia Elegantula and A. Caerulea (Ranunculaceae) in Colorado"
2191:(8th ed.). Boulder, Colorado: Pruett Publishing for Denver Botanic Gardens. p. 55.
1640:
1585:
1443:
643:
548:). Each of the pods is round in cross section and is filled with small, smooth, black seeds.
540:. If fertilized each of the carpels may develop into a dry pod that splits along one side (a
525:-ovate). They range in size from 26–51 millimeters long and 8–23 millimeters wide.
362:
193:
5075:
3749:
1987:
1651:
4953:
4746:
4669:
4565:
4447:
4319:
4250:
4208:
1613:
1607:
1528:
1524:
1410:
1379:
2186:
1253:
Sequencing of the genome of this species has advanced the study of the evolution of basal
8:
5083:
4386:
4033:
2361:
2248:
1755:
1402:
1352:
573:
56:
47:
20:
5111:
3935:
5191:
4776:
4732:
4716:
4696:
4638:
4592:
4462:
4110:
3681:
3560:
3361:
Colorado Wildflowers : A Beginner's Field Guide to the State's Most Common Flowers
2782:
2773:
2750:
2715:
2691:
2656:
2386:
2078:
1887:
1679:
1481:
1274:
663:
275:
84:
1986:
Heil, Kenneth D.; O'Kane, Jr., Steve L.; Reeves, Linda Mary; Clifford, Arnold (2013).
1690:. The lowest elevations where they grow naturally is 1,800 meters (5,900 ft) for
1333:
5070:
4940:
4437:
4304:
4240:
4089:
4041:
3915:
3724:
3668:
3622:
3587:
3493:
3439:
3399:
3365:
3331:
3267:
3222:
3044:
2755:
2737:
2696:
2678:
2457:
2300:
2254:
2192:
2155:
2121:
2084:
1762:
1750:
1625:
567:
3021:
2833:
4607:
4602:
4513:
4494:
4457:
4294:
4165:
4160:
3892:
3716:
3676:
3660:
3614:
3583:
3556:
3464:
2745:
2727:
2686:
2668:
2453:
Mountain Wildflowers of the Southern Rockies : Revealing Their Natural History
2381:
2373:
1865:
1838:
1744:
1356:
655:
618:
532:
The center of the flower has a projecting cluster of numerous bright orange-yellow
474:
384:
5150:
4945:
2299:(5th Printing ed.). Boston, Massachusetts: Houghton Mifflin. pp. 55–56.
2031:
4345:
4019:
1621:
1452:
described this variety in 1864. It had previously been described as a species by
613:
388:
350:
346:
127:
24:
4919:
2615:
2573:
2531:
1942:
5106:
4890:
4772:
4726:
4629:
4529:
4508:
4504:
4370:
4355:
4284:
4224:
4191:
1854:
1770:
1583:
for its wider natural range, however this name is also infrequently applied to
1453:
1386:
114:
2732:
520:
504:
5180:
4756:
4742:
4623:
4478:
4453:
4351:
4335:
4260:
3728:
3672:
3626:
3497:
3443:
2741:
2682:
2487:
1738:
1732:
1707:
1687:
971:
827:
659:
414:
160:
584:
543:
406:
5163:
4816:
4664:
4650:
4619:
4598:
4525:
3221:(1st ed.). Toronto, Canada: Little, Brown (Canada). pp. 147–148.
2759:
2700:
1827:
470:
353:
and some of the surrounding states of the western United States. It is the
150:
4014:
3469:, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Profile, 19 June 2024
3026:, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Profile, 19 July 2024
2838:, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Profile, 19 June 2024
600:
5005:
4899:
4802:
4392:
4156:
3896:
3664:
2456:. Albuquerque, New Mexico: University of New Mexico Press. pp. 6–7.
2412:
2377:
1789:
1675:
1568:
1492:
by having lighter blue or white sepals (occasionally pink) and from var.
1312:
1307:
512:
492:
3648:
3481:
2673:
422:
4984:
4484:
4474:
4427:
4136:
3704:
3602:
3427:
2809:"Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. Version 19.3"
1485:
1316:
738:
651:
400:
396:
5010:
403:). Each leaflet is quite thin, smooth and hairless on the upper side (
4752:
4660:
4417:
4401:
4382:
4310:
4264:
4196:
1846:
1781:
also visits the blooms, but at a much lower rate than moths or bees.
1727:
1683:
581:
has leaves that are covered in natural waxes making them blue-green (
552:
392:
170:
5023:
4861:
3720:
3618:
2253:(revised ed.). Helena, Montana: Wheelwright Press. p. 14.
1397:. The spurless columbine may be found in identical habitats to var.
5158:
4884:
4796:
4722:
4556:
4433:
4413:
4396:
4361:
4341:
4314:
4300:
4256:
4177:
4146:
4126:
1873:
1723:
1469:
1254:
489:
The flowers are atop stems that stand perpendicular to the ground (
358:
140:
1992:. St. Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. pp. 881–882
4762:
4712:
4423:
4270:
4187:
4120:
4116:
4085:
3330:. Charlotte, North Carolina: East Woods Press. p. 212, 214.
3094:(3). Fort Collins, Colorado: Colorado Native Plant Society: 24-26
2083:. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. pp. 18, 20–21, 29, 76–79.
1985:
1351:
Five species were described at various times that are considered
637:
was the original spelling by James, it has often been spelled as
342:
209:
4958:
4588:
4443:
4290:
4236:
4213:
4106:
2716:"The Aquilegia genome reveals a hybrid origin of core eudicots"
1877:'snow queen'. Cultivars that are thought to be significatly of
537:
533:
3432:
Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia
2808:
2653:
4692:
4488:
4365:
4331:
4274:
4246:
4181:
4130:
2242:
2240:
2225:. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. pp. 248–249
1858:
498:
395:), but occasionally may be simpler with just three leaflets (
101:
2285:
2154:. Pownal, Vermont: Storey Communications. pp. 108–109.
2080:
Columbines : Aquilegia, Paraquilegia, and Semiaquilegia
1515:
This variety was first described as a species with the name
4782:
4702:
4535:
4498:
4280:
1460:. This species name was also unnecessarily reclassified as
1277:, and World Plants. Though World Plants additionally lists
2237:
1468:
by Aven Nelson in 1909. It was inadvertently described by
1306:
This variety was scientifically described by the botanist
451: in), but occasionally may be as long as 61 mm (
3255:
3253:
3251:
3249:
3247:
3245:
1788:
attributed a decline in the population of the species to
1247:
Notes: ≡ homotypic synonym ; = heterotypic synonym
427:. Leaflets most often range in size from 13–42 mm (
3781:
Transactions of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society
2445:
2443:
2441:
2439:
2437:
4071:
3242:
2568:
2566:
2219:
Wooton, Elmer Ottis; Standley, Paul Carpenter (1915).
1556:, is frequently said to mean "eagle-like". The author
391:
that usually have three leaflets on three components (
2610:
2608:
1698:
and the highest is 3,600 meters (11,800 ft) for
1420:
1319:
from Wyoming and with an unevaluated status in Utah.
589:) rather than green. It is found in Nevada and Utah.
349:
in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae, native to the
3327:
The Wildflower Meadow Book : A Gardener's Guide
3176:
3174:
2526:
2524:
2522:
2434:
1544:
may flower starting in May or as late as September.
1504:
1385:
This disputed variety was described by the botanist
19:
This article is about the flower. For the town, see
3364:. Billings, Montana: Falcon Press Pub. p. 14.
2917:
2915:
2913:
2563:
2141:
1686:habitats with some growing above timberline in the
1564:, is also Latin meaning "sky-blue" or "dark-blue".
1363:
1322:
3835:Harper-Lore, Bonnie; Wilson, Maggie, eds. (1999).
2605:
2482:
2480:
2180:
2178:
1678:. They become more common at higher elevations in
3834:
3171:
2826:
2519:
2120:. Missoula, Montana: Mountain Press. p. 68.
1295:
5178:
3263:Native Plants for High-elevation Western Gardens
3043:. Englewood, Colorado: Westcliffe. p. 325.
2910:
2847:
2845:
2406:
2404:
2109:
2107:
3800:
3798:
3573:
3395:The Compact Guide to Wildflowers of the Rockies
3080:and the Evolution of the Spurless Mutant var.
2949:
2802:
2800:
2477:
2175:
650:. After James's description seven species, six
3542:
3540:
2355:
2353:
2218:
662:have been described that are considered to be
4057:
3640:
3266:. Golden, Colorado: Fulcrum. pp. 50–51.
2842:
2450:Dodson, Carolyn; Dunmire, William W. (2007).
2449:
2401:
2104:
1826:'Crimson star' in visible light, UV (showing
666:of the species or one of its four varieties.
477:enthusiastically wrote of them in their 1915
3795:
3398:. Edmonton, Alberta: Lone Pine. p. 56.
3319:
3317:
3315:
3209:
3207:
2797:
2714:Aköz, Gökçe; Nordborg, Magnus (2019-11-28).
2713:
2281:
2279:
2277:
2114:Duft, Joseph F.; Moseley, Robert K. (1989).
1265:There are four widely accepted varieties of
517:) to like a somewhat egg shaped spear head (
3546:
3537:
3146:
2955:
2851:
2624:(Tidestr.) Payson ex Kearney & Peebles"
2350:
2185:Pesman, M. Walter (Michiel Walter) (1988).
2113:
1907:
267:(Tidestr.) Payson ex Kearney & Peebles
4064:
4050:
3519:"Range Plants of Utah: Colorado Columbine"
3482:"Notes on the Flora of East-central Idaho"
3425:
3419:
3259:
3180:
3112:
2921:
2410:
2029:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1901:
1480:in 1895 from which it was reclassified by
65:
46:
3882:
3680:
3479:
3428:"The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians"
3312:
3213:
3204:
2749:
2731:
2690:
2672:
2385:
2274:
2117:Alpine Wildflowers of the Rocky Mountains
1378:Spurless columbine photographed south of
551:The leaves may be mistaken for that of a
3069:
3067:
1821:
1650:
1442:, a white flowered form photographed in
1430:
1373:
1332:
612:
3774:
3260:Busco, Janice; Morin, Nancy R. (2010).
3181:Whittemore, Alan T. (5 November 2020).
3113:Whittemore, Alan T. (5 November 2020).
3036:
2922:Whittemore, Alan T. (5 November 2020).
2806:
2411:Whittemore, Alan T. (5 November 2020).
2030:Whittemore, Alan T. (6 November 2020).
1970:
1730:. Specific species of hawkmoth include
5179:
3914:. New York: Rodale. pp. 144–145.
3848:
3846:
3702:
3646:
3323:
3297:Plants of Rocky Mountain National Park
3293:
2882:
2359:
2184:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2056:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1845:Colorado columbine is winter hardy in
1579:. However, the species is also called
1531:gave it the present classification as
1290:Natural Resources Conservation Service
4866:
4865:
4045:
3357:
3073:
3064:
2986:
2025:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2013:
2011:
2009:
2007:
3909:
3600:
3457:
3391:
2246:
2076:
1646:
625:The first scientific description of
3843:
2147:
2053:
1928:
16:North American species of columbine
13:
5138:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60438279-2
4849:, beautification and conservation
4073:State flowers of the United States
3561:10.1111/j.0014-3820.2006.tb01102.x
2004:
951:Aquilegia coerulea var. leptoceras
648:Stephen H. Long Expedition of 1820
14:
5263:
3995:
3775:Sargent, Frederick Leroy (1898).
2807:Michael, Hassler (16 June 2024).
1853:Colorado columbine is vulnerable
1810:on 4 April 1899 by an act of the
3588:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2009.04304.x
3023:Aquilegia coerulea var. daileyae
2835:Aquilegia coerulea var. daileyae
1567:Two of the most frequently used
88:
3962:
3928:
3903:
3876:
3828:
3768:
3742:
3696:
3594:
3567:
3511:
3480:Henderson, Douglass M. (1978).
3473:
3385:
3358:Jones, Charlotte Foltz (1994).
3351:
3287:
3140:
3106:
3030:
3014:
2980:
2876:
2766:
2707:
2647:
2320:
1669:Caribou–Targhee National Forest
1393:, but is also sometimes called
5247:Garden plants of North America
3777:"The National Flower Movement"
3001:Southwest Colorado Wildflowers
2212:
1817:
1488:in 1918. It differs from var.
668:
629:was by the American scientist
375:
29:Columbine High School massacre
1:
4387:Pink and white lady's slipper
3864:. Royal Horticultural Society
3837:Roadside Use of Native Plants
3426:Chamberlin, Ralph V. (1911).
3040:Guide to Colorado Wildflowers
2360:Brunet, Johanne (June 2009).
1885:others list it as being from
1792:by sheep and cattle in 1963.
1409:. They are also found around
5242:Flora of the Rocky Mountains
2291:Craighead, Jr., Frank Cooper
1864:The treatment of seeds with
1722:is most often pollinated by
1415:Rocky Mountain National Park
1346:Clear Creek County, Colorado
1260:
7:
3816:. Missouri Botanical Garden
3703:Miller, Russell B. (1978).
608:
10:
5268:
5187:NatureServe secure species
4837:, state children's flower
4336:White pine cone and tassel
3709:American Journal of Botany
2634:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
2629:Plants of the World Online
2592:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
2587:Plants of the World Online
2550:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
2545:Plants of the World Online
2506:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
2501:Plants of the World Online
2332:, Colorado blue columbine"
2148:Art, Henry Warren (1990).
1957:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
1952:Plants of the World Online
1894:
1800:
1713:
1671:in eastern Idaho in 1973.
1407:Jefferson County, Colorado
1288:as valid as does the USDA
1271:Plants of the World Online
617:Blue columbine painted by
18:
4874:
4826:
4787:Bougainvillea spectabilis
4079:
3858:Rocky Mountain columbine"
3324:Martin, Laura C. (1986).
2733:10.1186/s13059-019-1888-8
2247:Shaw, Richard J. (2004).
1812:Colorado General Assembly
1808:flower symbol of Colorado
1742:. The bumblebees include
1718:Within its natural range
1246:
281:
274:
221:
216:
199:
192:
85:Scientific classification
83:
63:
54:
45:
38:
4151:Rocky Mountain columbine
3647:Brunet, Johanne (2009).
3601:Pyke, Graham H. (1982).
3214:Casselman, Bill (1997).
2293:; Davis, Ray J. (1963).
1786:Frank and John Craighead
1779:broad-tailed hummingbird
1661:San Juan National Forest
1581:Rocky Mountain columbine
1547:
1499:white Colorado columbine
1497:It is commonly known as
1101:(Hook. & Arn.) Brühl
986:(Hook. & Arn.) Brühl
597:has very sticky leaves (
335:Rocky Mountain columbine
4008:SW Colorado Wildflowers
3912:Derek Fell's Grow This!
3754:Colorado State Archives
3750:"Symbols & Emblems"
3525:. Utah State University
3037:Guennel, G. K. (1995).
2655:S; McVean, Gil (eds.).
2336:Celebrating Wildflowers
2287:Craighead, John Johnson
1795:
1784:The wildflower authors
1577:Colorado blue columbine
4843:, state floral emblem
4121:Saguaro cactus blossom
3970:"Columbine 'Origami' (
3950:. Walters Gardens, Inc
3392:Bush, C. Dana (1990).
3127:Flora of North America
2936:Flora of North America
2897:Flora of North America
2421:Flora of North America
2040:Flora of North America
1831:
1663:
1456:in 1834 with the name
1450:William Jackson Hooker
1446:
1382:
1348:
622:
497:) with the outer five
487:
5227:Flora of South Dakota
4015:Colorado state flower
3885:Native Plants Journal
3294:Nelson, Ruth (1953).
3159:. Arlington, Virginia
2968:. Arlington, Virginia
2864:. Arlington, Virginia
2077:Nold, Robert (2003).
1916:. Arlington, Virginia
1825:
1654:
1641:Ralph Vary Chamberlin
1586:Aquilegia saximontana
1444:Teton County, Wyoming
1434:
1377:
1355:of this variety. The
1336:
1198:Aquilegia piersoniana
644:Palmer Lake, Colorado
616:
483:
293:Aquilegia canadensis
4681:Tennessee coneflower
4670:Purple passionflower
4608:Penngift crown vetch
4545:Large white trillium
4251:Syringa, mock orange
4029:"Aquilegia coerulea"
4004:"Aquilegia coerulea"
3910:Fell, Derek (2013).
3897:10.3368/npj.19.3.260
3147:NatureServe (2024).
2956:NatureServe (2024).
2883:Whittemore, Alan T.
2852:NatureServe (2024).
1908:NatureServe (2024).
1769:) has been observed
1614:Aquilegia canadensis
1608:Aquilegia brevistyla
1529:Robert Hibbs Peebles
1525:Thomas Henry Kearney
1458:Aquilegia leptoceras
1411:Estes Park, Colorado
1380:Estes Park, Colorado
1353:heterotypic synonyms
1123:Aquilegia leptoceras
746:Aquilegia canadensis
598:
582:
579:Aquilegia scopulorum
562:Aquilegia scopulorum
541:
518:
510:
502:
490:
420:
412:
404:
372:) means "sky blue".
5252:Symbols of Colorado
5222:Flora of New Mexico
4831:: state wildflower
4463:Pink lady's slipper
4034:Plants for a Future
3756:. State of Colorado
3074:Cabin, Zac (2019).
2674:10.7554/eLife.36426
2338:. US Forest Service
2222:Flora of New Mexico
1767:Bombus occidentalis
1756:cross-fertilization
1517:Aquilegia pinetorum
1403:Evergreen, Colorado
1223:Aquilegia pinetorum
1173:Aquilegia oreophila
1148:Aquilegia macrantha
671:
595:Aquilegia micrantha
574:Aquilegia micrantha
479:Flora of New Mexico
399:) or more complex (
260:Aquilegia coerulea
248:Aquilegia coerulea
237:Aquilegia coerulea
225:Aquilegia coerulea
57:Conservation status
21:Columbine, Colorado
5089:Aquilegia coerulea
4906:Aquilegia coerulea
4876:Aquilegia coerulea
4737:Coast rhododendron
4095:Oak-leaf hydrangea
4021:Aquilegia coerulea
3972:Aquilegia vulgaris
3948:Perennial Resource
3856:Aquilegia coerulea
3808:Aquilegia caerulea
3665:10.1093/aob/mcp096
3466:Aquilegia coerulea
3185:Aquilegia coerulea
3151:Aquilegia caerulea
3117:Aquilegia coerulea
3078:Aquilegia coerulea
2991:Aquilegia coerulea
2960:Aquilegia caerulea
2926:Aquilegia coerulea
2887:Aquilegia coerulea
2856:Aquilegia caerulea
2783:World Flora Online
2776:Aquilegia caerulea
2618:Aquilegia coerulea
2576:Aquilegia coerulea
2534:Aquilegia coerulea
2490:Aquilegia coerulea
2378:10.1093/aob/mcp096
2330:Aquilegia coerulea
2034:Aquilegia coerulea
1945:Aquilegia coerulea
1912:Aquilegia caerulea
1888:Aquilegia vulgaris
1835:Aquilegia coerulea
1832:
1775:Aquilegia coerulea
1720:Aquilegia coerulea
1700:Aquilegia coerulea
1692:Aquilegia coerulea
1680:montane ecosystems
1664:
1657:Aquilegia coerulea
1629:Aquilegia coerulea
1595:Aquilegia coerulea
1589:. The common name
1573:Colorado columbine
1533:Aquilegia coerulea
1521:Aquilegia coerulea
1506:Aquilegia coerulea
1482:Edwin Blake Payson
1474:Aquilegia coerulea
1462:Aquilegia coerulea
1447:
1436:Aquilegia coerulea
1422:Aquilegia coerulea
1395:Dailey's columbine
1391:spurless columbine
1383:
1365:Aquilegia coerulea
1349:
1338:Aquilegia coerulea
1324:Aquilegia coerulea
1297:Aquilegia coerulea
1279:Aquilegia coerulea
1275:World Flora Online
1267:Aquilegia coerulea
1084:Aquilegia coerulea
1037:Aquilegia coerulea
1008:Aquilegia coerulea
979:Aquilegia coerulea
922:Aquilegia coerulea
893:Aquilegia coerulea
864:Aquilegia coerulea
835:Aquilegia coerulea
803:Aquilegia coerulea
774:Aquilegia coerulea
764:Aquilegia coerulea
718:Aquilegia caerulea
670:Table of Synonyms
669:
639:Aquilegia caerulea
635:Aquilegia coerulea
627:Aquilegia coerulea
623:
381:Aquilegia coerulea
331:Colorado columbine
326:Aquilegia coerulea
305:Aquilegia formosa
203:Aquilegia coerulea
40:Aquilegia coerulea
5202:Flora of Colorado
5174:
5173:
5071:Open Tree of Life
4868:Taxon identifiers
4859:
4858:
4767:Indian paintbrush
4540:Scarlet carnation
4530:Wild prairie rose
4509:Flowering dogwood
4285:Wild prairie rose
4241:Hawaiian hibiscus
4023:Genome sequencing
3921:978-1-60961-826-1
3783:. Boston: 109–134
3582:(17): 3745–3758.
3576:Molecular Ecology
3405:978-0-919433-57-1
3371:978-1-56044-266-0
3337:978-0-88742-065-8
3273:978-1-55591-740-1
3228:978-0-316-13343-2
3050:978-1-56579-118-3
2463:978-0-8263-4244-7
2306:978-0-395-18324-3
2260:978-0-9702067-2-5
2198:978-0-87108-731-7
2161:978-0-88266-584-9
2127:978-0-87842-238-8
2090:978-0-88192-588-3
1763:western bumblebee
1751:Bombus flavifrons
1647:Range and habitat
1631:is called either
1626:Shoshoni language
1597:is also known as
1292:PLANTS database.
1251:
1250:
1094:Aquilegia formosa
1066:Aquilegia formosa
1044:(Tidestr.) Payson
842:(A.Nelson) Payson
591:Aquilegia jonesii
568:Aquilegia jonesii
419:) and have three
322:
321:
313:
301:
300:(E.James) Brühl
268:
256:
244:
233:
78:
5259:
5237:Flora of Wyoming
5212:Flora of Montana
5197:Flora of Arizona
5167:
5166:
5154:
5153:
5141:
5140:
5128:
5127:
5115:
5114:
5102:
5101:
5092:
5091:
5079:
5078:
5066:
5065:
5053:
5052:
5040:
5039:
5027:
5026:
5014:
5013:
5001:
5000:
4988:
4987:
4975:
4974:
4962:
4961:
4949:
4948:
4936:
4935:
4923:
4922:
4910:
4909:
4908:
4895:
4894:
4893:
4863:
4862:
4854:
4853:
4848:
4847:
4842:
4841:
4836:
4835:
4727:American dogwood
4688:
4687:
4677:
4676:
4646:
4645:
4634:Yellow jessamine
4615:
4614:
4584:
4583:
4573:
4572:
4552:
4551:
4521:
4520:
4470:
4469:
4409:
4408:
4378:
4377:
4346:Black-eyed susan
4327:
4326:
4232:
4231:
4221:
4220:
4204:
4203:
4173:
4172:
4166:Mirabilis jalapa
4141:California poppy
4102:
4101:
4066:
4059:
4052:
4043:
4042:
4038:
4011:
3989:
3988:
3986:
3984:
3966:
3960:
3959:
3957:
3955:
3932:
3926:
3925:
3907:
3901:
3900:
3880:
3874:
3873:
3871:
3869:
3850:
3841:
3840:
3832:
3826:
3825:
3823:
3821:
3802:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3788:
3772:
3766:
3765:
3763:
3761:
3746:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3735:
3700:
3694:
3693:
3691:
3689:
3684:
3659:(9): 1567–1578.
3653:Annals of Botany
3644:
3638:
3637:
3635:
3633:
3598:
3592:
3591:
3571:
3565:
3564:
3544:
3535:
3534:
3532:
3530:
3515:
3509:
3508:
3506:
3504:
3477:
3471:
3470:
3461:
3455:
3454:
3452:
3450:
3423:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3412:
3389:
3383:
3382:
3380:
3378:
3355:
3349:
3348:
3346:
3344:
3321:
3310:
3309:
3307:
3305:
3291:
3285:
3284:
3282:
3280:
3257:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3235:
3211:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3197:
3178:
3169:
3168:
3166:
3164:
3144:
3138:
3137:
3135:
3133:
3110:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3099:
3071:
3062:
3061:
3059:
3057:
3034:
3028:
3027:
3018:
3012:
3011:
3009:
3007:
2984:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2973:
2953:
2947:
2946:
2944:
2942:
2919:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2903:
2880:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2849:
2840:
2839:
2830:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2819:
2804:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2790:
2770:
2764:
2763:
2753:
2735:
2711:
2705:
2704:
2694:
2676:
2651:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2640:
2612:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2598:
2570:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2556:
2528:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2512:
2484:
2475:
2474:
2472:
2470:
2447:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2408:
2399:
2398:
2396:
2394:
2389:
2372:(9): 1567–1578.
2366:Annals of Botany
2357:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2343:
2324:
2318:
2317:
2315:
2313:
2283:
2272:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2244:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2230:
2216:
2210:
2209:
2207:
2205:
2182:
2173:
2172:
2170:
2168:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2111:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2074:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2027:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1983:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1939:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1905:
1883:A. coerulea
1879:A. coerulea
1866:gibberellic acid
1839:ornamental plant
1745:Bombus appositus
1552:The genus name,
1344:photographed in
1287:
1227:
1202:
1177:
1152:
1151:Hook. & Arn.
1127:
1102:
1074:
1045:
1016:
987:
955:
954:(Nutt.) A.Nelson
930:
901:
872:
843:
811:
782:
781:A.Gray ex Payson
754:
722:
697:
693:Aquilegia advena
672:
633:in 1822. Though
619:Mary Emily Eaton
602:
586:
545:
522:
514:
506:
494:
475:Paul C. Standley
464:
463:
459:
456:
450:
449:
445:
442:
436:
435:
431:
424:
416:
408:
385:herbaceous plant
312:(E.James) Brühl
311:
308:
299:
296:
266:
263:
254:
251:
243:
240:
231:
228:
205:
185:A. coerulea
93:
92:
72:
69:
68:
50:
36:
35:
5267:
5266:
5262:
5261:
5260:
5258:
5257:
5256:
5217:Flora of Nevada
5177:
5176:
5175:
5170:
5162:
5157:
5149:
5144:
5136:
5131:
5123:
5118:
5110:
5105:
5097:
5095:
5087:
5082:
5074:
5069:
5061:
5056:
5048:
5043:
5035:
5030:
5022:
5017:
5009:
5004:
4996:
4991:
4983:
4978:
4970:
4965:
4957:
4952:
4944:
4939:
4931:
4926:
4918:
4913:
4904:
4903:
4898:
4889:
4888:
4883:
4870:
4860:
4855:
4851:
4850:
4845:
4844:
4839:
4838:
4833:
4832:
4822:
4821:
4777:Paogo (Ulafala)
4685:
4684:
4674:
4673:
4643:
4642:
4612:
4611:
4603:Mountain laurel
4581:
4580:
4570:
4569:
4549:
4548:
4518:
4517:
4467:
4466:
4406:
4405:
4375:
4374:
4371:Dwarf lake iris
4324:
4323:
4229:
4228:
4218:
4217:
4201:
4200:
4170:
4169:
4161:Mountain laurel
4099:
4098:
4075:
4070:
4027:
4002:
3998:
3993:
3992:
3982:
3980:
3968:
3967:
3963:
3953:
3951:
3934:
3933:
3929:
3922:
3908:
3904:
3881:
3877:
3867:
3865:
3852:
3851:
3844:
3833:
3829:
3819:
3817:
3804:
3803:
3796:
3786:
3784:
3773:
3769:
3759:
3757:
3748:
3747:
3743:
3733:
3731:
3721:10.2307/2442696
3701:
3697:
3687:
3685:
3645:
3641:
3631:
3629:
3619:10.2307/1938970
3599:
3595:
3572:
3568:
3545:
3538:
3528:
3526:
3517:
3516:
3512:
3502:
3500:
3478:
3474:
3463:
3462:
3458:
3448:
3446:
3424:
3420:
3410:
3408:
3406:
3390:
3386:
3376:
3374:
3372:
3356:
3352:
3342:
3340:
3338:
3322:
3313:
3303:
3301:
3292:
3288:
3278:
3276:
3274:
3258:
3243:
3233:
3231:
3229:
3212:
3205:
3195:
3193:
3179:
3172:
3162:
3160:
3145:
3141:
3131:
3129:
3111:
3107:
3097:
3095:
3072:
3065:
3055:
3053:
3051:
3035:
3031:
3020:
3019:
3015:
3005:
3003:
2987:Schneider, Al.
2985:
2981:
2971:
2969:
2954:
2950:
2940:
2938:
2920:
2911:
2901:
2899:
2881:
2877:
2867:
2865:
2850:
2843:
2832:
2831:
2827:
2817:
2815:
2805:
2798:
2788:
2786:
2772:
2771:
2767:
2712:
2708:
2652:
2648:
2638:
2636:
2614:
2613:
2606:
2596:
2594:
2572:
2571:
2564:
2554:
2552:
2530:
2529:
2520:
2510:
2508:
2486:
2485:
2478:
2468:
2466:
2464:
2448:
2435:
2425:
2423:
2409:
2402:
2392:
2390:
2358:
2351:
2341:
2339:
2326:
2325:
2321:
2311:
2309:
2307:
2284:
2275:
2265:
2263:
2261:
2245:
2238:
2228:
2226:
2217:
2213:
2203:
2201:
2199:
2183:
2176:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2146:
2142:
2132:
2130:
2128:
2112:
2105:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2075:
2054:
2044:
2042:
2028:
2005:
1995:
1993:
1984:
1971:
1961:
1959:
1941:
1940:
1929:
1919:
1917:
1906:
1902:
1897:
1855:powdery mildews
1830:), and infrared
1820:
1803:
1798:
1716:
1649:
1639:as recorded by
1622:Gosiute dialect
1571:in English are
1550:
1513:
1429:
1372:
1331:
1304:
1285:
1263:
1225:
1200:
1175:
1150:
1125:
1100:
1073:(E.James) Brühl
1072:
1043:
1014:
985:
953:
928:
899:
871:(Eastw.) Payson
870:
841:
809:
780:
753:(E.James) Brühl
752:
720:
695:
660:botanical forms
611:
604:
588:
547:
524:
516:
508:
496:
461:
457:
454:
452:
447:
443:
440:
438:
433:
429:
428:
426:
418:
410:
389:compound leaves
378:
351:Rocky Mountains
347:flowering plant
318:
306:
294:
287:
286:
261:
249:
238:
226:
212:
207:
201:
188:
87:
79:
70:
66:
59:
32:
25:school shooting
17:
12:
11:
5:
5265:
5255:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5207:Flora of Idaho
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5172:
5171:
5169:
5168:
5155:
5142:
5129:
5116:
5103:
5093:
5080:
5067:
5054:
5041:
5028:
5015:
5002:
4989:
4976:
4963:
4950:
4937:
4924:
4911:
4896:
4880:
4878:
4872:
4871:
4857:
4856:
4827:
4824:
4823:
4820:
4819:
4809:
4799:
4789:
4779:
4769:
4759:
4749:
4739:
4729:
4719:
4709:
4699:
4697:Bluebonnet sp.
4689:
4657:
4647:
4626:
4616:
4595:
4585:
4566:Indian blanket
4553:
4532:
4522:
4501:
4491:
4481:
4471:
4450:
4440:
4430:
4420:
4410:
4389:
4379:
4358:
4348:
4338:
4328:
4320:Louisiana iris
4307:
4297:
4287:
4277:
4267:
4253:
4243:
4233:
4205:
4192:Orange blossom
4184:
4174:
4153:
4143:
4133:
4123:
4113:
4103:
4081:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4069:
4068:
4061:
4054:
4046:
4040:
4039:
4025:
4017:
4012:
3997:
3996:External links
3994:
3991:
3990:
3961:
3944:'Origami Mix'"
3927:
3920:
3902:
3891:(3): 269–270.
3875:
3842:
3827:
3794:
3767:
3741:
3715:(4): 406–414.
3695:
3639:
3613:(2): 555–573.
3593:
3566:
3555:(2): 234–246.
3536:
3523:Utah Extension
3510:
3472:
3456:
3418:
3404:
3384:
3370:
3350:
3336:
3311:
3286:
3272:
3241:
3227:
3203:
3170:
3139:
3105:
3063:
3049:
3029:
3013:
2979:
2948:
2909:
2875:
2841:
2825:
2796:
2765:
2720:Genome Biology
2706:
2646:
2604:
2562:
2518:
2476:
2462:
2433:
2400:
2349:
2319:
2305:
2273:
2259:
2236:
2211:
2197:
2174:
2160:
2140:
2126:
2103:
2089:
2052:
2003:
1969:
1927:
1899:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1837:is used as an
1819:
1816:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1771:nectar robbing
1715:
1712:
1648:
1645:
1599:blue columbine
1558:Bill Casselman
1549:
1546:
1512:
1503:
1454:Thomas Nuttall
1428:
1419:
1387:Alice Eastwood
1371:
1362:
1330:
1321:
1303:
1294:
1262:
1259:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1243:
1240:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1219:
1218:
1215:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1194:
1193:
1190:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1169:
1168:
1165:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1144:
1143:
1140:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1090:
1089:
1086:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1062:
1061:
1058:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1004:
1003:
1000:
994:
991:
988:
975:
974:
968:
962:
959:
956:
947:
946:
943:
937:
934:
931:
918:
917:
914:
908:
905:
902:
889:
888:
885:
879:
876:
873:
860:
859:
856:
850:
847:
844:
831:
830:
824:
818:
815:
812:
799:
798:
795:
789:
786:
783:
770:
769:
766:
761:
758:
755:
742:
741:
735:
729:
726:
723:
714:
713:
710:
704:
701:
698:
689:
688:
685:
682:
679:
676:
610:
607:
377:
374:
339:blue columbine
320:
319:
317:
316:
315:
314:
302:
284:
283:
282:
279:
278:
272:
271:
270:
269:
257:
245:
234:
219:
218:
214:
213:
208:
197:
196:
190:
189:
182:
180:
176:
175:
168:
164:
163:
158:
154:
153:
148:
144:
143:
138:
131:
130:
125:
118:
117:
112:
105:
104:
99:
95:
94:
81:
80:
64:
61:
60:
55:
52:
51:
43:
42:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5264:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5232:Flora of Utah
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5184:
5182:
5165:
5160:
5156:
5152:
5147:
5143:
5139:
5134:
5130:
5126:
5121:
5117:
5113:
5108:
5104:
5100:
5094:
5090:
5085:
5081:
5077:
5072:
5068:
5064:
5059:
5055:
5051:
5046:
5042:
5038:
5033:
5029:
5025:
5020:
5016:
5012:
5007:
5003:
4999:
4994:
4990:
4986:
4981:
4977:
4973:
4968:
4964:
4960:
4955:
4951:
4947:
4942:
4938:
4934:
4929:
4925:
4921:
4916:
4912:
4907:
4901:
4897:
4892:
4886:
4882:
4881:
4879:
4877:
4873:
4869:
4864:
4830:
4825:
4818:
4815:
4814:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4804:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4794:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4784:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4774:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4764:
4760:
4758:
4755:
4754:
4750:
4748:
4745:
4744:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4734:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4724:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4714:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4704:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4694:
4690:
4683:
4682:
4672:
4671:
4666:
4663:
4662:
4658:
4656:
4655:Pasque flower
4653:
4652:
4648:
4641:
4640:
4635:
4632:
4631:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4621:
4617:
4610:
4609:
4604:
4601:
4600:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4590:
4586:
4579:
4578:
4568:
4567:
4562:
4561:Oklahoma rose
4559:
4558:
4554:
4547:
4546:
4541:
4538:
4537:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4527:
4523:
4516:
4515:
4514:Carolina lily
4510:
4507:
4506:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4496:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4486:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4476:
4472:
4465:
4464:
4459:
4456:
4455:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4445:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4435:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4425:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4415:
4411:
4404:
4403:
4398:
4395:
4394:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4384:
4380:
4373:
4372:
4367:
4366:Apple blossom
4364:
4363:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4353:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4343:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4333:
4329:
4322:
4321:
4316:
4313:
4312:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4302:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4292:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4282:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4272:
4268:
4266:
4262:
4259:
4258:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4248:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4238:
4234:
4227:
4226:
4225:Cherokee rose
4216:
4215:
4211:
4210:
4206:
4199:
4198:
4193:
4190:
4189:
4185:
4183:
4182:Peach blossom
4180:
4179:
4175:
4168:
4167:
4162:
4159:
4158:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4148:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4138:
4134:
4132:
4131:Apple blossom
4129:
4128:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4118:
4114:
4112:
4111:Forget-me-not
4109:
4108:
4104:
4097:
4096:
4091:
4088:
4087:
4083:
4082:
4078:
4074:
4067:
4062:
4060:
4055:
4053:
4048:
4047:
4044:
4036:
4035:
4030:
4026:
4024:
4022:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4009:
4005:
4000:
3999:
3979:
3975:
3973:
3965:
3949:
3945:
3943:
3939:
3931:
3923:
3917:
3913:
3906:
3898:
3894:
3890:
3886:
3879:
3863:
3862:RHS Gardening
3859:
3857:
3849:
3847:
3838:
3831:
3815:
3811:
3809:
3801:
3799:
3782:
3778:
3771:
3755:
3751:
3745:
3730:
3726:
3722:
3718:
3714:
3710:
3706:
3699:
3683:
3678:
3674:
3670:
3666:
3662:
3658:
3654:
3650:
3643:
3628:
3624:
3620:
3616:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3597:
3589:
3585:
3581:
3577:
3570:
3562:
3558:
3554:
3550:
3543:
3541:
3524:
3520:
3514:
3499:
3495:
3491:
3487:
3483:
3476:
3468:
3467:
3460:
3445:
3441:
3437:
3433:
3429:
3422:
3407:
3401:
3397:
3396:
3388:
3373:
3367:
3363:
3362:
3354:
3339:
3333:
3329:
3328:
3320:
3318:
3316:
3299:
3298:
3290:
3275:
3269:
3265:
3264:
3256:
3254:
3252:
3250:
3248:
3246:
3230:
3224:
3220:
3219:
3210:
3208:
3192:
3190:
3186:
3177:
3175:
3158:
3156:
3152:
3143:
3128:
3124:
3122:
3118:
3109:
3093:
3089:
3085:
3083:
3079:
3070:
3068:
3052:
3046:
3042:
3041:
3033:
3025:
3024:
3017:
3002:
2998:
2996:
2992:
2983:
2967:
2965:
2961:
2952:
2937:
2933:
2931:
2927:
2918:
2916:
2914:
2898:
2894:
2892:
2888:
2879:
2863:
2861:
2857:
2848:
2846:
2837:
2836:
2829:
2814:
2810:
2803:
2801:
2785:
2784:
2779:
2777:
2769:
2761:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2717:
2710:
2702:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2650:
2635:
2631:
2630:
2625:
2623:
2619:
2611:
2609:
2593:
2589:
2588:
2583:
2581:
2577:
2569:
2567:
2551:
2547:
2546:
2541:
2539:
2535:
2527:
2525:
2523:
2507:
2503:
2502:
2497:
2495:
2491:
2483:
2481:
2465:
2459:
2455:
2454:
2446:
2444:
2442:
2440:
2438:
2422:
2418:
2416:
2407:
2405:
2388:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2356:
2354:
2337:
2333:
2331:
2323:
2308:
2302:
2298:
2297:
2292:
2288:
2282:
2280:
2278:
2262:
2256:
2252:
2251:
2243:
2241:
2224:
2223:
2215:
2200:
2194:
2190:
2189:
2181:
2179:
2163:
2157:
2153:
2152:
2144:
2129:
2123:
2119:
2118:
2110:
2108:
2092:
2086:
2082:
2081:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2041:
2037:
2035:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2016:
2014:
2012:
2010:
2008:
1991:
1990:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1958:
1954:
1953:
1948:
1946:
1938:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1915:
1913:
1904:
1900:
1892:
1890:
1889:
1884:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1867:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1851:
1848:
1843:
1840:
1836:
1829:
1828:nectar guides
1824:
1815:
1813:
1809:
1793:
1791:
1787:
1782:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1759:
1757:
1753:
1752:
1747:
1746:
1741:
1740:
1739:Sphinx vashti
1735:
1734:
1733:Hyles lineata
1729:
1725:
1721:
1711:
1709:
1708:quaking aspen
1705:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1688:alpine tundra
1685:
1681:
1677:
1672:
1670:
1662:
1658:
1653:
1644:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1627:
1623:
1618:
1616:
1615:
1610:
1609:
1604:
1601:or simply as
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1587:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1565:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1545:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1511:
1507:
1502:
1500:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1427:
1423:
1418:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1381:
1376:
1370:
1366:
1361:
1358:
1354:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1329:
1325:
1320:
1318:
1314:
1309:
1302:
1298:
1293:
1291:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1269:according to
1268:
1258:
1256:
1245:
1241:
1239:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1214:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1191:
1189:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1139:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1114:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1099:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1071:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1057:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1042:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1013:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1001:
999:
995:
992:
989:
984:
980:
977:
976:
973:
972:nom. superfl.
969:
967:
963:
960:
957:
952:
949:
948:
944:
942:
938:
935:
932:
927:
923:
920:
919:
915:
913:
909:
906:
903:
898:
894:
891:
890:
886:
884:
880:
877:
874:
869:
865:
862:
861:
857:
855:
851:
848:
845:
840:
836:
833:
832:
829:
828:nom. superfl.
825:
823:
819:
816:
813:
808:
804:
801:
800:
796:
794:
790:
787:
784:
779:
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772:
771:
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759:
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751:
747:
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743:
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736:
734:
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724:
719:
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711:
709:
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694:
691:
690:
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683:
680:
677:
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673:
667:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
646:while on the
645:
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466:
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417:
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373:
371:
367:
364:
363:specific name
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
327:
310:
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298:
291:
290:
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258:
253:
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242:
235:
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223:
222:
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215:
211:
206:
204:
198:
195:
194:Binomial name
191:
187:
186:
181:
178:
177:
174:
173:
169:
166:
165:
162:
161:Ranunculaceae
159:
156:
155:
152:
149:
146:
145:
142:
139:
136:
133:
132:
129:
126:
123:
120:
119:
116:
115:Tracheophytes
113:
110:
107:
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103:
100:
97:
96:
91:
86:
82:
76:
62:
58:
53:
49:
44:
41:
37:
34:
30:
26:
22:
4875:
4828:
4817:Yellow elder
4811:
4801:
4791:
4781:
4771:
4761:
4751:
4747:Rhododendron
4741:
4731:
4721:
4711:
4701:
4691:
4679:
4668:
4659:
4649:
4637:
4628:
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4606:
4597:
4593:Oregon grape
4587:
4575:
4564:
4555:
4543:
4534:
4524:
4512:
4503:
4493:
4489:Yucca flower
4483:
4473:
4461:
4458:Purple lilac
4452:
4442:
4432:
4422:
4412:
4400:
4391:
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4369:
4360:
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4309:
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4289:
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4212:
4207:
4195:
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4176:
4164:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4135:
4125:
4115:
4105:
4093:
4084:
4032:
4020:
4007:
3981:. Retrieved
3978:MyGardenLife
3977:
3971:
3964:
3952:. Retrieved
3947:
3941:
3937:
3930:
3911:
3905:
3888:
3884:
3878:
3866:. Retrieved
3861:
3855:
3836:
3830:
3818:. Retrieved
3814:Plant Finder
3813:
3807:
3785:. Retrieved
3780:
3770:
3758:. Retrieved
3753:
3744:
3732:. Retrieved
3712:
3708:
3698:
3686:. Retrieved
3656:
3652:
3642:
3630:. Retrieved
3610:
3606:
3596:
3579:
3575:
3569:
3552:
3548:
3527:. Retrieved
3522:
3513:
3501:. Retrieved
3489:
3485:
3475:
3465:
3459:
3447:. Retrieved
3438:(1): 24–99.
3435:
3431:
3421:
3409:. Retrieved
3394:
3387:
3375:. Retrieved
3360:
3353:
3341:. Retrieved
3326:
3302:. Retrieved
3296:
3289:
3277:. Retrieved
3262:
3232:. Retrieved
3216:
3194:. Retrieved
3188:
3184:
3161:. Retrieved
3154:
3150:
3142:
3130:. Retrieved
3126:
3120:
3116:
3108:
3096:. Retrieved
3091:
3087:
3081:
3077:
3054:. Retrieved
3039:
3032:
3022:
3016:
3004:. Retrieved
3000:
2994:
2990:
2982:
2970:. Retrieved
2963:
2959:
2951:
2939:. Retrieved
2935:
2929:
2925:
2900:. Retrieved
2896:
2890:
2886:
2878:
2866:. Retrieved
2859:
2855:
2834:
2828:
2816:. Retrieved
2813:World Plants
2812:
2787:. Retrieved
2781:
2775:
2768:
2723:
2719:
2709:
2664:
2660:
2649:
2637:. Retrieved
2627:
2621:
2617:
2595:. Retrieved
2585:
2579:
2575:
2553:. Retrieved
2543:
2537:
2533:
2509:. Retrieved
2499:
2493:
2489:
2467:. Retrieved
2452:
2424:. Retrieved
2420:
2414:
2391:. Retrieved
2369:
2365:
2340:. Retrieved
2335:
2329:
2322:
2310:. Retrieved
2295:
2264:. Retrieved
2249:
2227:. Retrieved
2221:
2214:
2202:. Retrieved
2187:
2165:. Retrieved
2150:
2143:
2131:. Retrieved
2116:
2094:. Retrieved
2079:
2043:. Retrieved
2039:
2033:
1994:. Retrieved
1988:
1960:. Retrieved
1950:
1944:
1918:. Retrieved
1911:
1903:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1871:
1863:
1852:
1844:
1834:
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1656:
1637:pa'-o-gûm-pi
1636:
1632:
1628:
1619:
1612:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1569:common names
1566:
1561:
1553:
1551:
1540:
1539:. Like var.
1536:
1532:
1523:and in 1942
1520:
1516:
1514:
1509:
1505:
1498:
1493:
1489:
1477:
1473:
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1323:
1305:
1300:
1296:
1282:
1278:
1266:
1264:
1252:
1237:
1222:
1212:
1201:L.O.Williams
1197:
1187:
1172:
1162:
1147:
1137:
1122:
1112:
1097:
1093:
1083:
1069:
1065:
1055:
1040:
1036:
1026:
1012:pallidiflora
1011:
1007:
997:
982:
978:
965:
950:
940:
925:
921:
911:
896:
892:
882:
867:
863:
853:
838:
834:
821:
806:
802:
792:
777:
773:
763:
749:
745:
732:
717:
707:
692:
684:Synonym of:
638:
634:
626:
624:
594:
590:
578:
572:
566:
560:
556:
550:
531:
527:
488:
484:
478:
471:E. O. Wooton
467:
380:
379:
369:
365:
361:. The Latin
355:state flower
338:
334:
330:
325:
324:
323:
304:
292:
259:
247:
236:
224:
202:
200:
184:
183:
171:
151:Ranunculales
134:
121:
108:
39:
33:
5112:kew-2644654
5006:iNaturalist
4900:Wikispecies
4797:Flores mayo
4757:Wood violet
1818:Cultivation
1790:overgrazing
1676:Douglas-fir
1633:pa'-wa-gúmp
1313:NatureServe
1308:Aven Nelson
1080:subspecies
1051:subspecies
878:subspecies
849:subspecies
788:subspecies
760:subspecies
658:, and two
631:Edwin James
465: in).
376:Description
128:Angiosperms
75:NatureServe
5181:Categories
5107:Plant List
5024:30056050-2
4717:Red clover
4428:Bitterroot
4001:Photos of
3492:(3): 173.
3155:ochroleuca
3121:ochroleuca
2726:(1): 256.
2667:: e36426.
2580:ochroleuca
1847:USDA zones
1728:bumblebees
1655:Meadow of
1541:ochroleuca
1486:subspecies
1466:leptoceras
1440:ochroleuca
1426:ochroleuca
1317:extirpated
1138:ochroleuca
966:ochroleuca
926:glandulosa
822:ochroleuca
793:ochroleuca
739:orth. var.
652:subspecies
557:Thalictrum
401:tripinnate
397:trifoliate
252:ochroleuca
232:A.Nelson
217:Varieties
23:. For the
5192:Aquilegia
4972:233500096
4707:Sego lily
4639:Goldenrod
4577:Mistletoe
4448:Sagebrush
4438:Goldenrod
4356:Mayflower
4305:Goldenrod
4295:Sunflower
3938:Aquilegia
3729:0002-9122
3673:0305-7364
3627:0012-9658
3549:Evolution
3498:0024-9637
3444:0097-3157
3189:pinetorum
3088:Aquilegia
2742:1474-760X
2683:2050-084X
2622:pinetorum
2496:A.Nelson"
2415:Aquilegia
1874:cultivars
1724:hawkmoths
1696:pinetorum
1684:subalpine
1605:, though
1603:columbine
1591:columbine
1554:Aquilegia
1537:pinetorum
1510:pinetorum
1494:pinetorum
1478:albiflora
1357:autonymic
1261:Varieties
1238:pinetorum
1098:macrantha
1056:pinetorum
1041:pinetorum
1015:Cockerell
983:macrantha
929:Cockerell
807:albiflora
778:albiflora
656:varieties
553:meadowrue
415:pubescent
393:biternate
264:pinetorum
179:Species:
172:Aquilegia
98:Kingdom:
5164:27100680
5159:Tropicos
5037:10193403
4920:40216961
4891:Q2561781
4885:Wikidata
4418:Hawthorn
4402:Tickseed
4397:Magnolia
4315:Magnolia
4265:Milkweed
4197:Tickseed
4090:Camellia
3942:caerulea
3082:daileyae
2995:daileyae
2993:variety
2964:caerulea
2930:coerulea
2778:E.James"
2760:31779695
2701:30325307
2538:coerulea
1947:E.James"
1704:coerulea
1562:coerulea
1490:coerulea
1470:Asa Gray
1399:coerulea
1369:daileyae
1342:coerulea
1328:coerulea
1283:daileyae
1255:eudicots
1233:species
1226:Tidestr.
1213:coerulea
1208:species
1188:coerulea
1183:species
1163:coerulea
1158:species
1133:species
1113:coerulea
1108:variety
1070:coerulea
1027:coerulea
998:coerulea
993:variety
961:variety
941:coerulea
912:coerulea
907:variety
897:daileyae
883:coerulea
868:daileyae
817:variety
750:coerulea
733:coerulea
728:species
708:coerulea
703:species
664:synonyms
609:Taxonomy
585:glaucous
544:follicle
529:sepals.
505:elliptic
407:glabrous
370:caerulea
366:coerulea
359:Colorado
309:coerulea
297:coerulea
276:Synonyms
241:coerulea
157:Family:
141:Eudicots
4985:3033188
4829:Italics
3983:19 June
3954:19 June
3868:20 June
3820:19 June
3787:27 June
3760:19 June
3682:2701757
3607:Ecology
3503:19 July
3486:Madroño
3449:19 July
3411:20 June
3377:20 June
3343:20 June
3196:18 June
3163:20 June
3132:18 June
3098:19 July
3056:19 July
3006:20 June
2972:18 June
2941:18 June
2902:18 June
2868:18 June
2818:19 June
2789:19 June
2751:6883705
2692:6255393
2639:18 June
2597:18 June
2555:18 June
2511:18 June
2426:20 June
2393:20 June
2387:2701757
2342:20 June
2312:19 June
2204:18 June
2167:17 June
1920:19 June
1895:Reflist
1801:Culture
1714:Ecology
1659:in the
1624:of the
1620:In the
1242:≡ hom.
1217:= het.
1192:= het.
1167:= het.
1142:≡ hom.
1117:= het.
1088:≡ hom.
1068:subsp.
1060:≡ hom.
1039:subsp.
1031:= het.
1002:= het.
970:≡ hom.
945:= het.
916:= het.
887:= het.
866:subsp.
858:≡ hom.
837:subsp.
826:≡ hom.
797:≡ hom.
776:subsp.
768:≡ hom.
748:subsp.
737:= het.
721:E.James
712:= het.
654:, five
538:carpels
534:stamens
460:⁄
446:⁄
432:⁄
343:species
341:, is a
255:Hook.
210:E.James
167:Genus:
147:Order:
102:Plantae
73: (
71:Secure
5151:138475
5120:PLANTS
5076:192307
5063:218851
5011:501742
4959:398963
4933:445890
4624:Violet
4479:Violet
4261:Violet
4214:Azalea
3918:
3734:3 July
3727:
3688:3 July
3679:
3671:
3632:3 July
3625:
3529:7 July
3496:
3442:
3402:
3368:
3334:
3304:6 July
3279:8 June
3270:
3234:8 June
3225:
3191:- FNA"
3123:- FNA"
3047:
2932:- FNA"
2893:- FNA"
2891:alpina
2860:alpina
2758:
2748:
2740:
2699:
2689:
2681:
2494:alpina
2469:8 June
2460:
2417:- FNA"
2384:
2303:
2266:8 June
2257:
2229:8 June
2195:
2158:
2133:8 June
2124:
2096:8 June
2087:
2045:8 June
2036:- FNA"
1996:8 June
1962:8 June
1859:aphids
1748:, but
1301:alpina
1286:Eastw.
900:Eastw.
854:alpina
839:alpina
810:A.Gray
687:Notes
621:, 1917
601:viscid
571:, and
499:sepals
329:, the
307:subsp.
295:subsp.
229:alpina
27:, see
5099:12711
5096:PFI:
5050:18733
5032:IRMNG
4275:Peony
3218:Them!
3187:var.
3153:var.
3119:var.
2962:var.
2928:var.
2889:var.
2858:var.
2661:eLife
2620:var.
2582:Hook"
2578:var.
2536:var.
2492:var.
1773:from
1702:var.
1694:var.
1548:Names
1535:var.
1508:var.
1484:as a
1476:var.
1464:var.
1438:var.
1424:var.
1413:near
1367:var.
1340:var.
1326:var.
1299:var.
1281:var.
1236:var.
1230:1910
1211:var.
1205:1934
1186:var.
1180:1902
1176:Rydb.
1161:var.
1155:1838
1136:var.
1130:1834
1126:Nutt.
1111:var.
1105:1893
1096:var.
1077:1893
1054:var.
1048:1918
1025:var.
1022:form
1019:1891
996:var.
990:1893
981:var.
964:var.
958:1909
939:var.
936:form
933:1891
910:var.
904:1897
895:var.
881:var.
875:1918
852:var.
846:1918
820:var.
814:1895
805:var.
791:var.
785:1918
757:1893
731:var.
725:1823
706:var.
700:1856
696:Regel
681:Rank
678:Year
675:Name
521:lance
513:ovate
493:erect
423:lobes
383:is a
337:, or
135:Clade
122:Clade
109:Clade
5133:POWO
5125:AQCO
5084:PfaF
5058:NCBI
5045:ITIS
5019:IPNI
4998:3737
4993:GRIN
4980:GBIF
4946:FZQ5
4928:BOLD
4807:Maga
4665:Iris
4499:Rose
3985:2024
3956:2024
3916:ISBN
3870:2024
3822:2024
3789:2024
3762:2024
3736:2024
3725:ISSN
3690:2024
3669:ISSN
3634:2024
3623:ISSN
3531:2024
3505:2024
3494:ISSN
3451:2024
3440:ISSN
3413:2024
3400:ISBN
3379:2024
3366:ISBN
3345:2024
3332:ISBN
3306:2024
3281:2024
3268:ISBN
3236:2024
3223:ISBN
3198:2024
3165:2024
3134:2024
3100:2024
3058:2024
3045:ISBN
3008:2024
2974:2024
2943:2024
2904:2024
2870:2024
2820:2024
2791:2024
2756:PMID
2738:ISSN
2697:PMID
2679:ISSN
2641:2024
2599:2024
2557:2024
2513:2024
2471:2024
2458:ISBN
2428:2024
2395:2024
2344:2024
2314:2024
2301:ISBN
2268:2024
2255:ISBN
2231:2024
2206:2024
2193:ISBN
2169:2024
2156:ISBN
2135:2024
2122:ISBN
2098:2024
2085:ISBN
2047:2024
1998:2024
1964:2024
1922:2024
1796:Uses
1761:The
1736:and
1726:and
1682:and
1575:and
1527:and
473:and
368:(or
285:List
262:var.
250:var.
239:var.
227:var.
5146:RHS
4967:FNA
4954:EoL
4941:CoL
4915:BHL
3893:doi
3717:doi
3677:PMC
3661:doi
3657:103
3615:doi
3584:doi
3557:doi
2746:PMC
2728:doi
2687:PMC
2669:doi
2382:PMC
2374:doi
2370:103
1635:or
1472:as
1010:f.
924:f.
605:).
357:of
345:of
5183::
5161::
5148::
5135::
5122::
5109::
5086::
5073::
5060::
5047::
5034::
5021::
5008::
4995::
4982::
4969::
4956::
4943::
4930::
4917::
4902::
4887::
4852:BC
4846:FE
4840:CH
4834:WF
4813:VI
4803:PR
4793:MP
4783:GU
4773:AS
4763:WY
4753:WI
4743:WV
4733:WA
4723:VA
4713:VT
4703:UT
4693:TX
4686:WF
4678:,
4675:WF
4667:,
4661:TN
4651:SD
4644:WF
4636:,
4630:SC
4620:RI
4613:BC
4605:,
4599:PA
4589:OR
4582:FE
4574:,
4571:WF
4563:,
4557:OK
4550:WF
4542:,
4536:OH
4526:ND
4519:WF
4511:,
4505:NC
4495:NY
4485:NM
4475:NJ
4468:WF
4460:,
4454:NH
4444:NV
4434:NE
4424:MT
4414:MO
4407:WF
4399:,
4393:MS
4383:MN
4376:WF
4368:,
4362:MI
4352:MA
4342:MD
4332:ME
4325:WF
4317:,
4311:LA
4301:KY
4291:KS
4281:IA
4271:IN
4263:,
4257:IL
4247:ID
4237:HI
4230:FE
4222:,
4219:WF
4209:GA
4202:WF
4194:,
4188:FL
4178:DE
4171:CH
4163:,
4157:CT
4147:CO
4137:CA
4127:AR
4117:AZ
4107:AK
4100:WF
4092:,
4086:AL
4031:.
4006:.
3976:.
3974:)"
3946:.
3940:x
3889:19
3887:.
3860:.
3845:^
3812:.
3797:^
3779:.
3752:.
3723:.
3713:65
3711:.
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