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area. However, CA was left out of pre-war planning until
January 2003, when it was too late to be of any real significant help. The CA had to prioritize the small amount of CA troops to what they thought was necessary, which inevitably was – culture. The CA did, however, pull the only two archaeologists in Civil Affairs to be on a culture team, Maj. Chris Varhola and Capt. William Sumner. These two men, however, in the end were sent to other places when the conflict began. Varhola was needed to prepare for the refugee crises that never arrived and Sumner was reassigned to guard a zoo after pushing his advisor too hard on antiquities issues. Any protection of culture, sites or buildings was stopped due to the priorities of other matters. Essentially no one who had archaeological expertise was senior enough to get anything done.
439:, Nimrud is one of the few sites that is militarily protected. However, weeks before the arrival of the site's US guards, looters attacked the friezes and statues with stonecutting tools, stealing images distinctly belonging to Nimrud, and thus unmistakenly known to any potential buyers to be stolen; the items have been sold, presumably, nevertheless. Those few looters that managed to break into this site despite its protection have given every indication that they know precisely what they are looking for, where to find it, and how to get at it. Like many looters throughout Iraq and across the world, they have presumably been hired to obtain specific images; this separates them from the looters who dig up and sell whatever they can find.
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US's duties to restore public order unclear. American troops in Iraq did not trust Iraqi power of any kind meaning that instead of using and training Iraqi police, the US military took matters of security and policing into their own hands. Essentially the US would act as peacekeepers to train a national army and police force. Special Forces teams would work with regional warlords to keep control of their territories. Allowing warlords to police their own areas has been credited with being a disastrous plan for the archaeological sites in particular.
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acting curator for the Getty Museum. In late spring 2002, Houghton was approached by Ashton
Hawkins, former executive vice president and counsel to the trustees of the Metropolitan Museum, and was asked to find out what was being done by officials to secure heritage sites in the upcoming war in Iraq. Houghton could find no one designated with the task of protection and preservation of culture in Iraq.
247:(AIA) also sent a similar letter to the Pentagon in December 2002 asking for governments to take action to prevent looting in the aftermath of the war. As 2002 came to an end the media and government were only broadcasting the good done by the troops in not destroying cultural heritage themselves but not on the looting done by people in Iraq and the Americans duty to protect the antiquities.
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theft, pillage or misappropriation of, and any act of vandalism directed against, cultural property." This provision was constructed for the parties actually in combat within the war and not civilians within their own state. As the upcoming years would prove, there are exceptions to this convention and they would result in
Americans firing on the Iraq National Museum.
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images. Looters concentrated on sites that had the most marketable artifacts. Estimates of the number of looted artifacts from 2003 to 2005 are from 400,000 to 600,000 items. This number is 30–40 times greater than the number of artifacts stolen from the museum. Britain alone between 2004 and 2006 seized 3–4 tons of plundered artifacts.
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museum artifacts were only a small part of what archaeological digs around the country held. Perhaps 25 thousand of an estimated half million sites were registered. ORHA had no resources to address this problem. Gibson had suggested helicopter surveys to determine the scale of looted sites. By April 24, 2003, looting had taken place in
461:– looters descended upon the site as soon as Coalition bombing began; the site is now pockmarked with hundreds of ditches and pits. When archaeologists "tried to remove vulnerable carvings from the ancient city of Umma to Baghdad, they found gangs of looters already in place with bulldozers, dump trucks and AK47s".
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Other institutes from
America and around the world have contributed to protect sites in Iraq. The US started teaching military personnel headed for Iraq the importance of cultural heritage and site preservation. Donny George who was an employee at the Iraq National Museum was appointed to Director of
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Some artifacts have been recovered by accident. An archeologist was watching a home decorating show when he saw a 2nd-century stone head from Hatra sitting on the decorator's mantle. The illegal black market for goods became so saturated that prices in the market were going down after 2003 according
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It is impossible to discover exactly how much destruction to archeological sites has happened since 2003. Archeologist
Elizabeth Stone purchased satellite images of the seven thousand square kilometers in Iraq that contain many known sites. She counted 1,837 new holes by comparing 2001–2002 with 2003
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At the end of May 2003, it finally became clear how badly the sites were looted when a trip sponsored by
National Geographic went out to assess the damage. There was a northern and southern team to assess the post-conflict damage by land. They found the famous sites such as Babylon, Hatra, Nimrud and
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American troops and commanders did not prioritize security for cultural sites around Iraq. Peacekeeping was seen as a lesser job than physically fighting in combat and
President Bush's suspension of former president Clinton's policies for peacekeeping not only backed up this thought but also made the
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was under pressure in the 1990s that looting became a large problem once again for Iraq. By 2000 looting had become so rampant that the workers of the sites were even looting their own workplaces. With the fall of Saddam's government in 2003, archaeological sites were left completely open and looting
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with L. Paul Bremer who was given more power and banned high-ranking Ba'ath Party members from government jobs and disbanded the remains of the Iraqi army. Any guards at archeological sites were unpaid for months and they were not allowed to carry guns. Now, instead of dealing with civilian looters,
283:
When the looting of the
National Iraq Museum became known, experts from around the globe started planning to remedy the situation. McGuire Gibson, one of the leading archaeologists and experts on Mesopotamia explained to the Office of Reconstruction and Humanitarian Assistance (ORHA) that the looted
242:
The first known effort by cultural interests to contact US officials was
October 2002. After a meeting of powerful players in culture, Houghton sent a letter asking for departments to tell forces to avoid damaging monuments, soldiers were to respect the integrity of sites, and lastly to work quickly
238:
By fall 2002, post-war planning was sporadic and improvised. The cultural planning aspect needed to have leadership that it never got. Deputy
Assistant under the Security of Defense, Joseph Collins, recalls some forces spent more time working on projects that ended up not being needed like a refugee
217:
There had been a secret Future of Iraq Project since October 2001, with clearance from the Pentagon. However, even under this Project no specific person had taken up responsibility of culture. Even archaeological organizations in the US had not noticed the issue until late 2002. Likewise when the US
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treasured his national heritage immensely and acted to defend these sites and the artifacts within them. He believed that the past of Iraq was important to his national campaign and his regime actually doubled the national budget for archaeology and heritage creating museums and protecting sites all
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Early July 2003, UNESCO revealed that looting was still happening at sites across the country. Other military services such as Japanese and Dutch troops offered assistance but were ignored. On July 8, a new security guard force known as the Iraqi Facility Protection Service (FPS) was established to
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Gibson was part of the northern National Geographic team and he sent a report to the White House science advisor John Marburger. Other archeological experts in both the US and Britain were waiting for invitations to go to Iraq and help. After Gibson's report they were given invitations to create a
445:– one of the more thoroughly researched sites, experts have little difficulty identifying objects stolen from Nineveh. The site was severely looted and damaged nevertheless after the first Gulf War, and chunks of its unique and ancient friezes have appeared on the European and American art markets.
362:
U.S. Marine Corps reservist Matthew Boulay witnessed illicit trading even on military bases Flea markets authorized by the camp commanders included a booth with antiquities for $ 20, $ 40 or $ 100 each. Boulay asked Gibson and was told that these artifacts were real. Gibson asked Boulay to ask the
312:
These announcements had no effect on the looting and illegal export of artifacts. McGuire Gibson on September 11, 2003, wrote to a military geographer, "The continuing destruction of sites all over southern Iraq and the theft of thousands of artifacts every week, with no visible effort on part of
234:
One piece of international law that is important for this conflict is the 1954 Hague Convention for the Protection of cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict, this Convention states that parties in conflict must "under take to prohibit, prevent and, if necessary, put a stop to any form of
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Within the US military, Civil Affairs (CA) forces were important to the protection of culture and, as they were mostly reservists, included experts in a variety of areas including archaeology. The plan was to spread the expertise among fighting forces in order to warn them of cultural sites in the
230:
Another branch of the US government that had interest in culture was the Foreign Area Offices (FAO). Unfortunately though, they were focused on customs and attitudes rather than archaeological sites. Something that was accomplished was the creation of a no-strike list created by Maj. Varhola just
213:
Arthur Houghton had an interest and some expertise in cultural heritage and was one of the first to wonder what the pre-war plan was for Iraqi culture. He had worked in the State Department as a Foreign Service officer, as an international policy analyst for the White house and also served at an
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and April 15, 2003, when US forces arrived in sufficient numbers to "restore some semblance of order." Some 15,000 cultural artifacts disappeared in that time. Over the years approximately 14,800 were recovered from within and outside Iraq and taken under the protection of the Iraqi government.
159:
By the mid-1920s the black market for antiquities was growing and looting began in all sites where antiquities could be found. After Iraq gaining independence from Britain, the absolute ban on antiquity exports was lifted. Until the mid-1970s Iraq was one of very few countries to not prohibit
288:, Umm al-Hafriyat, Umm al-Aqarib, Bismaya, Larsa, and Bad-tibira, most of were unguarded. Most looting was by workers once employed by the now disbanded State Board of Antiquities and Heritage. A local tribe was guarding the World Heritage Site of Hatra although others were unsupervised.
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Ur were under US military control. Lesser known sites were completely unguarded and the responsible Civil Affairs teams did not even know where they were. Every place the National Geographic team saw, except one that was guarded by barbed wire, had been damaged.
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had in fact, after the Gulf War in 1991, attempted to go into Iraq and assess the damage to cultural sites but they were not allowed to enter the country. UNESCO then focused, for the next decade, on reconstruction after the fact rather than prevention measures.
291:
By May 2003, international work began on the already looted museum but not on other sites. The US military conducted a raid in May on Umma where they found hundreds of trenches with many looters all over the site. On May 7, the Bush administration replaced Gen.
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took place since at least the late 19th century. The chaos following war provided the opportunity to pillage everything that was not nailed down. There were also attempts to protect the sites such as the period between April 9, 2003, when the staff vacated the
147:
created protections for archaeological sites where looting was beginning to become a problem. They established an absolute prohibition on exporting antiquities. The British Museum was responsible for the sites and museums across Iraq during this time period.
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Revenue from looted antiquities is estimated by the Archaeological Institute of America to amount to between $ 10 and $ 20 million annually. Terrorist and rebel groups have a long history of using stolen artifacts to finance their operations.
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and associate professor of English and comparative literature, this looting of the National Museum of Iraq and of hundreds of archaeological sites around the country was not prevented. At the time of war planning it was Secretary of Defense
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was smashed by tanks and the gate itself damaged. The archaeology-rich subsoil was bulldozed to fill sandbags, and large areas covered in compacted gravel for helipads and car parks. Babylon is being rendered archaeologically
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the US authorities, makes the question of ethical behaviour by museums pointless. Your unit of the Pentagon is capable of demonstrating the location and expansion of illegal digging. Are you at least doing that much?"
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protect sites all around the country in co-operation with the US military. A week later, the State Department announced it was forming a group to assist in the rebuilding of Iraq's cultural heritage.
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279:, an ancient mound near Halabja, Iraq. November 4, 2022. The tell and its surrounding area were lastly excavated in 2014. An area before the tell; note the numerous looters' pits.
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base commander to stop these sales. When Boulay informed his platoon commander he got a "cease and desist" order forbidding any more emails about the issue to anyone.
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was that at least 4000 artifacts were looted from Iraq sites. Uprisings that followed the war also resulted in 9 of 13 regional museums being looted and burned.
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In 2016, the U.S. Government Accountability Office issued a report describing some of the United States’ cultural property protection efforts in Iraq and Syria.
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By the end of 2003, 1,900 Iraqi antiquities had been confiscated from bordering countries: 1,450 in Jordan, 36 in Syria, 38 in Kuwait and 18 in Saudi Arabia.
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The upper surface of Yasin Tepe ancient mound, innumerable looters' pits. Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Iraqi Kurdistan. Most of these were dug in the 1990s.
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Looting of ancient artifacts has a long tradition. As early as 1884, laws passed in Mesopotamia about moving and destroying antiquities. By the end of
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In the 2020s, about 17,000 artifacts were returned to Iraq from the Middle Eastern countries. But according to an Iraqi archeology professor at the
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320:. Due to the pandemic, few tourists or foreign archaeologists visited historical sites. As a result, many of these areas were left unguarded.
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197:, the US government created a post-war plan for Iraq. According to Lawrence Rothfield, former director of the Cultural Policy Center at the
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external trade in antiquities. This made Iraq attractive to looters and black market collectors from around the globe. The result of the
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Looted head of a lamassu, cut into several pieces by the plunderers. From Khorsabad, Iraq. Circa 710 BCE. On display at the Iraq Museum.
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like two archaeologists before him had done during the 1991 Gulf War which had a great outcome of saving antiquities from bombing.
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here has only three major looters' pits cut into it, which are the first in over forty years of valuable research and excavation.
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A looter's pit (left) at the ancient Sumerian city of Kish, Iraq. Fragments of pottery (right) are scattered near the pit.
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473:, "its walls are pockmarked with wartime shrapnel and a blockhouse is being built over an adjacent archaeological site".
388:– saw the construction of "a 150-hectare camp for 2,000 troops. In the process the 2,500-year-old brick pavement to the
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Agency for Cultural Development (USAID) met with estimated 150 NGOs not one brought up protection of cultural heritage.
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Rothfield, Lawrence. The Rape of Mesopotamia behind the Looting of the Iraq Museum. Chicago: U of Chicago, 2009. Print.
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who decided on a fast invasion with fewer troops, resulting in inadequate protection of buildings and cultural sites.
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399:– looters with stonecutters have stolen elements of friezes and reliefs straight off the ancient architecture here.
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crises plan. He says he cannot remember if there was even an organizational plans to solve specific issues.
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United States Files Civil Action To Forfeit Thousands Of Ancient Iraqi Artifacts Imported By Hobby Lobby
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Museums in 2004, and by summer 2006, a force of 1,400 guards were situated at sites around the country.
152:, well known for drawing the Iraq borders, excavated many sites around Iraq and created what is now the
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All attacks listed in this group were either committed by insurgents, or have unknown perpetrators
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Thieves of Baghdad: One Marine's Passion to Recover the World's Greatest Stolen Treasures
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327:, the repatriation of these items was only a partial success; the Baghdad office of the
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405:– over two hundred looters' pits are organized around the former site of the Temple of
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409:; countless artifacts have been removed from the site here, including innumerable
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to get the antiquities services in Iraq up and running again. Following this, the
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Stealing History: Tomb Raiders, Smugglers, and the Looting of the Ancient World.
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1014:"Focus – Covid-19 pandemic sees sharp rise in looting of antiquities in Iraq"
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The massacre of Mesopotamian archaeology: Looting in Iraq is out of control
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469:– one of the few sites protected by a US military presence. According to
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United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
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3522:
2345:
2311:
1311:
is a map from 1967 that shows all of the archaeological sites in Iraq
485:
410:
339:
24:
6007:
5662:
5585:
5580:
5487:
5472:
5467:
5422:
1451:
1345:
1038:"Twenty years after the US invasion, where are Iraq's antiquities?"
452:
297:
these unarmed guards were dealing with large mobs of armed people.
276:
194:
161:
6399:
List of buildings damaged or destroyed in the September 11 attacks
6285:
Damage to heritage sites in the Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip
6095:
5764:
5492:
5482:
5447:
5437:
442:
436:
385:
316:
The looting of artefacts in Iraq had been on the rise during the
5512:
5462:
5384:
1483:
1161:"Cultural Property: Protection of Iraqi and Syrian Antiquities"
448:
424:
352:
to an antiquities researcher specializing in illicit dealings.
328:
219:
187:
6377:
Churches destroyed in the Great Fire of London and not rebuilt
1209:
The Rape of Mesopotamia: Behind the Looting of the Iraq Museum
5865:
5502:
5497:
5477:
396:
167:
5452:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1113:
1111:
1098:
1096:
1094:
1081:
1079:
1077:
984:
982:
980:
967:
965:
963:
938:
936:
934:
932:
930:
917:
915:
913:
888:
886:
884:
871:
869:
867:
865:
458:
402:
285:
852:
850:
825:
823:
798:
796:
794:
781:
779:
777:
775:
702:
700:
687:
685:
683:
670:
668:
655:
653:
6099:
1266:
U.S.-Led Troops Have Damaged Babylon, British Museum Says
640:
638:
589:
587:
1159:
Office, U. S. Government Accountability (20 July 2017).
1140:
1123:
1108:
1091:
1074:
1062:
994:
977:
960:
948:
927:
910:
898:
881:
862:
550:
548:
190:, were officially protected by US and Coalition forces.
847:
835:
820:
808:
791:
772:
760:
748:
736:
724:
712:
697:
680:
665:
650:
466:
183:
5209:
The Iraq War: A Historiography of Knowledge Changelogs
4930:"The wrong war, at the wrong place, at the wrong time"
635:
623:
611:
599:
584:
572:
560:
6422:
Destruction of cultural heritage by the Islamic State
2055:
545:
533:
6394:
Artworks lost or damaged in the September 11 attacks
6345:
Damage to heritage sites during the Russian invasion
6330:
Damage to heritage sites during the Syrian civil war
6150:
Artworks lost or damaged in the 2023 Congress attack
182:
became an even greater problem. Some sites, such as
421:, some of which could sell for as much as $ 30,000.
6529:Library damage in the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake
6265:Damage to heritage sites in 21st-century conflicts
4237:United States and the International Criminal Court
1260:Looting of ancient sites threatens Iraqi heritage
382:– an ancient city plagued by hundreds of looters.
6584:
6444:Landmarks destroyed or damaged by climate change
3350:
6365:Demolished buildings and structures in London
6075:
5306:
4951:Afghan–Iraqi Freedom Memorial (Salem, Oregon)
4506:
1330:
3492:Use of white phosphorus by the United States
1212:. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
331:continues to search for the loot worldwide.
51:introducing citations to additional sources
6310:Destruction of early Islamic heritage sites
5901:Military history of the Neo-Assyrian Empire
343:Recovered artifacts on display in late 2008
6355:20th-century destruction of country houses
6240:Destruction of the Shrine of Husayn's Head
6082:
6068:
5313:
5299:
2450:
1337:
1323:
168:Protection of museums under Ba'athist Iraq
4626:A Responsible Plan to End the War in Iraq
1205:
1146:
1134:
1117:
1102:
1085:
1068:
1000:
988:
971:
954:
942:
921:
904:
892:
875:
856:
841:
829:
814:
802:
785:
766:
754:
742:
730:
718:
706:
691:
674:
659:
644:
629:
617:
605:
593:
578:
566:
554:
539:
6471:Tallest voluntarily demolished buildings
6230:Destruction of country houses, 1919–1923
2425:Supreme Command for Jihad and Liberation
1344:
1286:The massacre of Mesopotamian archaeology
496:Destruction of cultural heritage by ISIL
338:
270:
262:
254:
113:
41:Relevant discussion may be found on the
16:Archaeological looting occurring in Iraq
6185:Iconoclasm during the French Revolution
5320:
4911:
2917:
2420:Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order
1055:DOJ USAO Eastern District of New York.
6585:
5225:U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East
5019:Iraqi security forces fatality reports
4966:Northwood Gratitude and Honor Memorial
4961:Iraq and Afghanistan Memorial (London)
4613:Winter Soldier: Iraq & Afghanistan
4543:
2250:Islamic Front for the Iraqi Resistance
1244:. Bloomsbury USA (October 26, 2005)
1158:
250:
6220:Destruction of Mosul Museum artifacts
6063:
5294:
5107:
4764:
4307:
3339:
3302:Turkish incursions into northern Iraq
2449:
2127:
1797:
1367:
1318:
5277:
2555:Capture of Saddam Hussein (Red Dawn)
1675:UK parliament's support for invasion
18:
6593:19th-century establishments in Asia
6205:Disappeared statues in Tehran, 2010
5139:"Enhanced interrogation techniques"
1043:] aljazeera. Accessed 9 April 2023.
1041:AlJazeera-The Iraq War: 20 years on
334:
245:Archaeological Institute of America
13:
6140:Bangabandhu Memorial Museum attack
4474:Scott Thomas Beauchamp controversy
1227:
14:
6629:
5134:Efforts to impeach George W. Bush
4999:Aviation shootdowns and accidents
4765:
4514:Senate Report on WMD Intelligence
4249:Prosecution for the 2003 invasion
3395:Mukaradeeb wedding party massacre
1594:Saddam–al-Qaeda conspiracy theory
1296:
373:
172:Upon becoming president in 1979,
145:British-administrated Mesopotamia
6340:Demolition of monuments to Lenin
6250:Destruction of Albanian heritage
6175:Looting of the Eastern Mausoleum
6039:Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary
5530:
5276:
5267:
5259:
5258:
5249:
4404:Violence against Iraqi academics
3401:Haifa Street helicopter incident
2849:Valiant Guardian (Harris Ba'sil)
2128:
1309:"The Archaeological Map of Iraq"
177:over Iraq. It was not until his
134:
62:"Archaeological looting in Iraq"
34:relies largely or entirely on a
23:
6255:Destruction of Serbian heritage
5250:
5024:Most-wanted Iraqi playing cards
4551:Pre-war international reactions
2357:Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq
2067:Coalition Provisional Authority
1722:Saddam Hussein and human rights
1305:– Resolution 1483 concerns Iraq
1177:
1152:
1046:
1031:
1006:
6370:Churches in the City of London
6160:Monuments removed in 2020–2022
5596:Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB)
5591:Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA)
4873:"Smoking gun / mushroom cloud"
4459:Kidnapping of Angelo dela Cruz
3962:Attacks on Christians in Mosul
3390:Murder of Muhamad Husain Kadir
3340:
1649:Colin Powell's UN presentation
1275:. Natural History 113(2):44–49
123:Archaeological looting in Iraq
1:
6603:Art and cultural repatriation
6466:Stolen and missing Moon rocks
6382:Public art formerly in London
5978:Ancient Mesopotamian religion
5375:Tigris–Euphrates river system
5161:Guantanamo Bay detention camp
5119:Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty
5009:Coalition military operations
4737:U.S.-led intervention in Iraq
3055:Baghdad International Airport
2047:U.S. kill or capture strategy
1874:2006 al-Askari mosque bombing
1424:Chemical attacks against Iran
1282:, Tuesday, September 21, 2004
1237:New York: St. Martin's Press.
502:Hobby Lobby smuggling scandal
6170:Destruction of the Four Olds
5144:Torture in the United States
4890:"There are unknown unknowns"
4422:Post-invasion WMD conjecture
3851:2007 Karbala mosque bombings
3553:Killing of Manadel al-Jamadi
3547:Death of Abed Hamed Mowhoush
3425:Mahmudiyah rape and killings
3372:U.S. killings of journalists
2865:Defeat Al Qaeda in the North
2084:2005 parliamentary elections
1798:
1206:Rothfield, Lawrence (2009).
7:
6044:Chicago Assyrian Dictionary
5926:Egypt-Mesopotamia relations
5921:Indus-Mesopotamia relations
5178:Military–industrial complex
5108:
4220:Torture by the Wolf Brigade
2297:Ansar al-Islam in Kurdistan
2287:Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad
2280:Jaish al-Ta'ifa al-Mansurah
1958:Mission Accomplished speech
1616:Oil as a possible rationale
1368:
479:
435:as the "principal city" of
10:
6634:
6618:War crimes in the Iraq War
6049:Chicago Hittite Dictionary
5193:Petrodollar warfare theory
4308:
4205:Raid on Camp Ashraf (2011)
3663:Karbala and Najaf bombings
3384:Killing of Nadhem Abdullah
1901:Status of forces agreement
1690:Legitimacy of the invasion
1199:
275:The archeological site of
6537:
6521:
6497:Works by Vincent van Gogh
6479:
6409:
6119:
6110:
6016:
5970:
5944:
5848:
5745:
5638:
5546:
5539:
5528:
5410:
5337:
5328:
5247:
5114:
5103:
5037:
5029:Private contractor deaths
4986:
4971:Old North Memorial Garden
4943:
4852:Old Europe and New Europe
4775:
4771:
4760:
4706:
4640:
4536:
4479:MoveOn.org ad controversy
4412:
4358:Al-Aimmah Bridge disaster
4336:Iraq Family Health Survey
4318:
4314:
4303:
4283:
4229:
4197:
4107:
4036:
3970:
3909:
3886:Al-Khilani mosque bombing
3778:
3732:
3681:
3615:
3584:
3572:
3501:
3482:
3437:Baghdad detainee killings
3357:
3346:
3335:
3294:
3273:
3235:
3179:
3138:
3097:
3016:
2910:
2903:
2883:
2857:
2746:
2690:
2624:
2568:
2470:
2463:
2459:
2445:
2390:
2331:
2302:Black Banner Organization
2225:
2216:
2140:
2136:
2123:
2042:Al Qa'qaa high explosives
1971:
1928:Preparations for invasion
1911:
1848:Capture of Saddam Hussein
1808:
1804:
1793:
1730:
1710:Saddam's alleged shredder
1624:
1547:
1444:
1387:
1380:
1376:
1363:
1353:
6449:Museums destroyed by war
5220:Unitary executive theory
4924:Inverted totalitarianism
4814:Coalition of the willing
4664:Bring Them Home Now Tour
4563:Saddam Hussein interview
3367:During the 2003 invasion
2307:Wakefulness and Holy War
2265:Mujahideen Shura Council
2240:1920 Revolution Brigades
1705:Rapid response operation
1700:Military analyst program
1666:Failed peace initiatives
1268:, New York Times article
1059:. Accessed 9 April 2023.
527:
427:– home of the palace of
193:Before the start of the
6300:Looting in World War II
5166:Gulf of Tonkin incident
5151:Extraordinary rendition
4879:Star Spangled Ice Cream
4603:Oprah's Anti-war series
4469:Al Jazeera bombing memo
4427:Iraq scandal in Finland
4099:Baghdad church massacre
3786:Mustansiriya University
3602:Imam Ali mosque bombing
3559:Death of Fashad Mohamed
3449:Iraqi bodyguard killing
2318:Abu Bakr Al-Salafi Army
2091:Transitional Government
2072:Iraqi Governing Council
1528:U.S. War in Afghanistan
1405:1979 Ba'ath Party Purge
154:National Museum of Iraq
6542:Archaeological looting
6215:Archaeological looting
5881:Babylonian mathematics
4210:Archaeological looting
3770:Hayy Al-Jihad massacre
3750:Buratha mosque bombing
3467:Nisour Square massacre
1948:Battle of Debecka Pass
1821:Occupation (2003–2011)
1680:Iraqi–Kurdish conflict
1494:Oil-for-Food Programme
1469:Sanctions against Iraq
1273:Lawless in Mesopotamia
1271:Zainab Bahrani. 2004.
1254:Global Heritage Fund,
1233:Atwood, Roger (2004).
344:
280:
268:
260:
119:
6487:Art theft and looting
6295:Destruction of Warsaw
5235:Ba'ath Party archives
4840:"Mother of All Bombs"
4632:Bush shoeing incident
4576:Views on the invasion
4432:Dixie Chicks comments
4375:2007 cholera outbreak
3881:Al-Askari mosque 2007
3855:Massacres of Yazidis
3745:Al-Askari mosque 2006
3541:Killing of Baha Mousa
3455:Iron Triangle Murders
3413:Basra prison incident
3192:Karbala provincial HQ
2292:Jamaat Ansar al-Sunna
2270:Islamic State of Iraq
1884:2007 U.S. troop surge
1419:U.S. support for Iraq
431:and described by the
342:
325:University of Baghdad
274:
266:
258:
199:University of Chicago
117:
6598:Archaeological theft
5876:Babylonian astronomy
5355:Mesopotamian Marshes
5203:Special Relationship
4977:Saving Iraqi Culture
4485:Six Days in Fallujah
4447:Death of David Kelly
4170:Al Diwaniyah bombing
3643:2004 church bombings
3607:Baghdad October 2003
3535:Death of Nagem Hatab
2870:Augurs of Prosperity
2377:Promised Day Brigade
2235:Islamic Army in Iraq
1983:Occupation of Ramadi
1953:Firdos Square statue
1933:Multi-National Force
1767:Bush–Blair 2003 memo
1632:American imperialism
1523:2001 anthrax attacks
1506:September 11 attacks
498:or ISIS in 2014–2015
47:improve this article
6608:Archaeology of Iraq
6427:Destroyed libraries
6320:Destroyed landmarks
5957:Destruction by ISIL
5911:Sumerian literature
5886:Akkadian literature
5322:Ancient Mesopotamia
4956:Al-Shaheed Monument
4825:Embedded journalism
4791:Outposts of tyranny
4689:2007 Port of Tacoma
4581:U.S. public opinion
4370:Humanitarian crisis
4255:Abtan v. Blackwater
4114:Nationwide attacks
4043:Nationwide attacks
3864:Qahtaniyah bombings
3754:Sadr City bombings
3673:Kufa mosque bombing
3250:Iraqi Day of Ashura
2010:U.S. military bases
1938:Battle of Nasiriyah
1879:Civil war (2006–08)
1761:Letter of the eight
1745:Downing Street memo
1489:Arms-to-Iraq affair
1303:2003 UN Resolutions
1240:Bogdanos, Matthew.
507:Illicit antiquities
251:Large scale looting
6492:Restitution claims
6454:Napoleonic looting
6417:Attacks on museums
6195:Bombing of Dresden
6130:Destruction of art
5993:Mesopotamian myths
4694:September 15, 2007
4674:September 24, 2005
4464:2004 document leak
4262:Hamdan v. Rumsfeld
4242:Hague Invasion Act
4013:Baghdad–Miqdadiyah
3901:Al Amarah bombings
3740:Karbala and Ramadi
3407:Tal Afar shootings
3265:Al-Qaeda offensive
3050:Good Friday ambush
3040:Siege of Sadr City
2601:Phantom Linebacker
2591:New Dawn (Al Fajr)
2367:Soldiers of Heaven
2245:Jaish al-Rashideen
2079:Interim Government
1988:De-Ba'athification
1654:Disarmament crisis
1642:Wolfowitz Doctrine
1587:Mobile weapon labs
1572:Biological weapons
1562:Yellowcake uranium
1457:Invasion of Kuwait
1436:Iran–Contra affair
1400:Iranian Revolution
1395:17 July Revolution
345:
281:
269:
261:
120:
6580:
6579:
6517:
6516:
6104:cultural heritage
6057:
6056:
6008:Ziggurat (Temple)
5983:Sumerian religion
5741:
5740:
5688:Middle Babylonian
5630:Kish civilization
5526:
5525:
5350:Lower Mesopotamia
5345:Upper Mesopotamia
5288:
5287:
5243:
5242:
5099:
5098:
5095:
5094:
4939:
4938:
4896:Triangle of Death
4756:
4755:
4752:
4751:
4707:Aftermath in Iraq
4654:February 15, 2003
4608:Iraqi map pendant
4571:
4570:
4532:
4531:
4353:Damage to Baghdad
4299:
4298:
4295:
4294:
4215:Chlorine bombings
4193:
4192:
4150:Arba'een bombings
3957:Balad Ruz bombing
3790:Baghdad bombings
3724:Khanaqin bombings
3703:Baghdad bombings
3647:Baghdad bombings
3592:Jordanian embassy
3568:
3567:
3511:Abu Ghraib prison
3461:Baghdad airstrike
3443:Hamdania incident
3377:Fallujah killings
3351:Occupation forces
3331:
3330:
3327:
3326:
3290:
3289:
3030:Karbala City Hall
3008:Ramadan Offensive
2998:
2997:
2899:
2898:
2632:Able Rising Force
2483:Bayonet Lightning
2441:
2440:
2437:
2436:
2433:
2432:
2382:Kata'ib Hezbollah
2372:Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq
2352:Badr Organization
2119:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2111:
2110:
1963:US public opinion
1789:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1750:September Dossier
1543:
1542:
1462:Nayirah testimony
1355:Beginning of the
1278:Farchakh, Joanne
491:Blood antiquities
318:COVID-19 pandemic
112:
111:
97:
6625:
6572:Vandalism of art
6117:
6116:
6084:
6077:
6070:
6061:
6060:
5906:Sumerian cuisine
5896:Warfare in Sumer
5891:Economy of Sumer
5544:
5543:
5534:
5418:Fertile Crescent
5402:Sinjar Mountains
5397:Hamrin Mountains
5392:Zagros Mountains
5370:Taurus Mountains
5335:
5334:
5315:
5308:
5301:
5292:
5291:
5280:
5279:
5271:
5262:
5261:
5253:
5252:
5105:
5104:
4919:Global arrogance
4909:
4908:
4773:
4772:
4762:
4761:
4731:War against ISIL
4714:The rise of ISIL
4679:January 27, 2007
4669:January 20, 2005
4541:
4540:
4504:
4503:
4392:Iraqi Christians
4316:
4315:
4305:
4304:
4198:Other war crimes
4129:Bagdad bombings
4058:Bagdad bombings
3977:Bagdad bombings
3916:Bagdad bombings
3846:Iraqi Parliament
3699:Musayyib bombing
3582:
3581:
3419:Haditha massacre
3355:
3354:
3348:
3347:
3337:
3336:
2915:
2914:
2908:
2907:
2738:Together Forward
2611:Vigilant Resolve
2545:Peninsula Strike
2468:
2467:
2461:
2460:
2447:
2446:
2362:Sheibani Network
2275:Al-Qaeda in Iraq
2223:
2222:
2138:
2137:
2125:
2124:
2053:
2052:
2025:Development Fund
1806:
1805:
1795:
1794:
1772:February Dossier
1577:Chemical weapons
1385:
1384:
1378:
1377:
1365:
1364:
1339:
1332:
1325:
1316:
1315:
1223:
1194:
1181:
1175:
1174:
1172:
1171:
1156:
1150:
1144:
1138:
1132:
1121:
1115:
1106:
1100:
1089:
1083:
1072:
1066:
1060:
1050:
1044:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1025:
1010:
1004:
998:
992:
986:
975:
969:
958:
952:
946:
940:
925:
919:
908:
902:
896:
890:
879:
873:
860:
854:
845:
839:
833:
827:
818:
812:
806:
800:
789:
783:
770:
764:
758:
752:
746:
740:
734:
728:
722:
716:
710:
704:
695:
689:
678:
672:
663:
657:
648:
642:
633:
627:
621:
615:
609:
603:
597:
591:
582:
576:
570:
564:
558:
552:
543:
537:
429:Assurnasirpal II
335:Known recoveries
107:
104:
98:
96:
55:
27:
19:
6633:
6632:
6628:
6627:
6626:
6624:
6623:
6622:
6613:Looting in Iraq
6583:
6582:
6581:
6576:
6547:Art destruction
6533:
6513:
6475:
6405:
6351:United Kingdom
6112:
6106:
6088:
6058:
6053:
6012:
5966:
5940:
5849:Culture/society
5844:
5737:
5733:Muslim conquest
5703:Fall of Babylon
5634:
5535:
5522:
5406:
5324:
5319:
5289:
5284:
5239:
5183:Neoconservatism
5129:CIA black sites
5124:Chelsea Manning
5110:
5091:
5033:
4982:
4935:
4907:
4884:Strategic reset
4867:"Sixteen Words"
4767:
4748:
4702:
4636:
4567:
4528:
4524:Chilcot Inquiry
4502:
4414:
4408:
4331:Iraq Body Count
4310:
4291:
4279:
4225:
4189:
4165:Samarra bombing
4103:
4032:
3966:
3905:
3774:
3728:
3677:
3628:Ashura massacre
3611:
3576:
3564:
3503:
3497:
3484:
3478:
3431:Ishaqi massacre
3359:
3342:
3323:
3286:
3269:
3244:Spring fighting
3231:
3175:
3134:
3093:
3024:Spring fighting
3012:
2994:
2895:
2879:
2875:Phantom Phoenix
2853:
2814:Phantom Thunder
2794:Marne Avalanche
2742:
2686:
2620:
2581:Bulldog Mammoth
2564:
2540:Panther Squeeze
2533:Airborne Dragon
2498:Desert Scorpion
2488:Bulldog Mammoth
2478:Ancient Babylon
2455:
2429:
2415:Al-Abud Network
2400:Fedayeen Saddam
2392:
2386:
2333:
2327:
2323:Mujahideen Army
2227:
2218:
2212:
2132:
2107:
2058:
2051:
2032:Economic reform
1974:
1967:
1943:Fall of Baghdad
1914:
1907:
1896:U.S. withdrawal
1816:Invasion (2003)
1800:
1781:
1777:Bush–Aznar memo
1732:
1726:
1671:Iraq resolution
1620:
1539:
1440:
1372:
1359:
1349:
1343:
1299:
1230:
1228:Further reading
1220:
1202:
1197:
1191:, 8 June 2007).
1182:
1178:
1169:
1167:
1157:
1153:
1145:
1141:
1133:
1124:
1116:
1109:
1101:
1092:
1084:
1075:
1067:
1063:
1051:
1047:
1036:
1032:
1023:
1021:
1012:
1011:
1007:
999:
995:
987:
978:
970:
961:
953:
949:
941:
928:
920:
911:
903:
899:
891:
882:
874:
863:
855:
848:
840:
836:
828:
821:
813:
809:
801:
792:
784:
773:
765:
761:
753:
749:
741:
737:
729:
725:
717:
713:
705:
698:
690:
681:
673:
666:
658:
651:
643:
636:
628:
624:
616:
612:
604:
600:
592:
585:
577:
573:
565:
561:
553:
546:
538:
534:
530:
482:
376:
337:
253:
204:Donald Rumsfeld
170:
137:
108:
102:
99:
56:
54:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6631:
6621:
6620:
6615:
6610:
6605:
6600:
6595:
6578:
6577:
6575:
6574:
6569:
6564:
6559:
6554:
6549:
6544:
6538:
6535:
6534:
6532:
6531:
6525:
6523:
6519:
6518:
6515:
6514:
6512:
6511:
6506:
6501:
6500:
6499:
6494:
6483:
6481:
6477:
6476:
6474:
6473:
6468:
6463:
6462:
6461:
6451:
6446:
6441:
6440:
6439:
6437:Body snatching
6429:
6424:
6419:
6413:
6411:
6407:
6406:
6404:
6403:
6402:
6401:
6396:
6386:
6385:
6384:
6379:
6374:
6373:
6372:
6362:
6360:Baedeker Blitz
6357:
6349:
6348:
6347:
6342:
6334:
6333:
6332:
6324:
6323:
6322:
6314:
6313:
6312:
6304:
6303:
6302:
6297:
6289:
6288:
6287:
6279:
6278:
6277:
6269:
6268:
6267:
6259:
6258:
6257:
6252:
6244:
6243:
6242:
6234:
6233:
6232:
6224:
6223:
6222:
6217:
6209:
6208:
6207:
6199:
6198:
6197:
6189:
6188:
6187:
6179:
6178:
6177:
6172:
6164:
6163:
6162:
6154:
6153:
6152:
6144:
6143:
6142:
6134:
6133:
6132:
6123:
6121:
6114:
6108:
6107:
6087:
6086:
6079:
6072:
6064:
6055:
6054:
6052:
6051:
6046:
6041:
6036:
6031:
6029:Assyriologists
6026:
6020:
6018:
6014:
6013:
6011:
6010:
6005:
6000:
5995:
5990:
5985:
5980:
5974:
5972:
5968:
5967:
5965:
5964:
5959:
5954:
5948:
5946:
5942:
5941:
5939:
5938:
5936:List of rulers
5933:
5928:
5923:
5918:
5913:
5908:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5888:
5883:
5878:
5873:
5868:
5863:
5858:
5852:
5850:
5846:
5845:
5843:
5842:
5837:
5832:
5827:
5825:Proto-Armenian
5822:
5817:
5812:
5810:Middle Persian
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5751:
5749:
5743:
5742:
5739:
5738:
5736:
5735:
5730:
5725:
5720:
5715:
5710:
5705:
5700:
5698:Neo-Babylonian
5695:
5690:
5685:
5680:
5678:Old Babylonian
5675:
5670:
5665:
5660:
5655:
5650:
5648:Early Dynastic
5644:
5642:
5636:
5635:
5633:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5598:
5593:
5588:
5583:
5578:
5573:
5568:
5563:
5558:
5552:
5550:
5541:
5537:
5536:
5529:
5527:
5524:
5523:
5521:
5520:
5515:
5510:
5505:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5450:
5445:
5440:
5435:
5430:
5425:
5420:
5414:
5412:
5408:
5407:
5405:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5388:
5387:
5382:
5372:
5367:
5362:
5357:
5352:
5347:
5341:
5339:
5332:
5326:
5325:
5318:
5317:
5310:
5303:
5295:
5286:
5285:
5248:
5245:
5244:
5241:
5240:
5238:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5180:
5175:
5174:
5173:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5147:
5146:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5115:
5112:
5111:
5101:
5100:
5097:
5096:
5093:
5092:
5090:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5059:
5054:
5049:
5043:
5041:
5035:
5034:
5032:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4994:Assassinations
4990:
4988:
4984:
4983:
4981:
4980:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4947:
4945:
4941:
4940:
4937:
4936:
4934:
4933:
4926:
4921:
4915:
4913:
4906:
4905:
4898:
4893:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4846:"Mrs. Anthrax"
4842:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4810:
4807:"Chemical Ali"
4803:
4796:
4795:
4794:
4779:
4777:
4769:
4768:
4758:
4757:
4754:
4753:
4750:
4749:
4747:
4746:
4745:(2017–present)
4740:
4734:
4733:(2014–present)
4728:
4722:
4716:
4710:
4708:
4704:
4703:
4701:
4699:March 19, 2008
4696:
4691:
4686:
4684:March 17, 2007
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4659:March 20, 2003
4656:
4651:
4649:Halloween 2002
4646:
4644:
4638:
4637:
4635:
4634:
4629:
4622:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4598:United Nations
4595:
4590:
4585:
4584:
4583:
4572:
4569:
4568:
4566:
4565:
4560:
4553:
4547:
4545:
4538:
4534:
4533:
4530:
4529:
4527:
4526:
4521:
4519:Duelfer Report
4516:
4510:
4508:
4507:Investigations
4501:
4500:
4499:
4498:
4491:Role of Canada
4488:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4455:
4454:
4452:Hutton Inquiry
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4418:
4416:
4410:
4409:
4407:
4406:
4401:
4400:
4399:
4394:
4384:
4382:Financial cost
4379:
4378:
4377:
4367:
4362:
4361:
4360:
4350:
4349:
4348:
4343:
4341:Lancet surveys
4338:
4333:
4322:
4320:
4312:
4311:
4301:
4300:
4297:
4296:
4293:
4292:
4284:
4281:
4280:
4278:
4277:
4272:
4265:
4258:
4251:
4246:
4245:
4244:
4233:
4231:
4227:
4226:
4224:
4223:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4201:
4199:
4195:
4194:
4191:
4190:
4188:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4160:Al Hillah 2011
4157:
4155:Tikrit assault
4152:
4147:
4146:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4127:
4126:
4125:
4120:
4111:
4109:
4105:
4104:
4102:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4090:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4056:
4055:
4054:
4049:
4040:
4038:
4034:
4033:
4031:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4009:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3974:
3972:
3968:
3967:
3965:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3952:Dujail bombing
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3933:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3913:
3911:
3907:
3906:
3904:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3891:Amirli bombing
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3867:
3866:
3861:
3859:April massacre
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3836:Al Hillah 2007
3833:
3832:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3788:
3782:
3780:
3776:
3775:
3773:
3772:
3767:
3766:
3765:
3760:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3736:
3734:
3730:
3729:
3727:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3715:
3714:
3709:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3689:Al Hillah 2005
3685:
3683:
3679:
3678:
3676:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3659:
3658:
3653:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3619:
3617:
3613:
3612:
3610:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3588:
3586:
3579:
3575:Other killings
3570:
3569:
3566:
3565:
3563:
3562:
3556:
3550:
3544:
3538:
3532:
3529:Balad Air Base
3526:
3520:
3514:
3507:
3505:
3499:
3498:
3496:
3495:
3488:
3486:
3480:
3479:
3477:
3476:
3470:
3464:
3458:
3452:
3446:
3440:
3434:
3428:
3422:
3416:
3410:
3404:
3398:
3392:
3387:
3381:
3380:
3379:
3374:
3363:
3361:
3352:
3344:
3343:
3333:
3332:
3329:
3328:
3325:
3324:
3322:
3321:
3319:Abu Kamal raid
3316:
3315:
3314:
3309:
3298:
3296:
3295:Related events
3292:
3291:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3284:
3277:
3275:
3271:
3270:
3268:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3239:
3237:
3233:
3232:
3230:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3217:Route Bismarck
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3183:
3181:
3177:
3176:
3174:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3142:
3140:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3101:
3099:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3020:
3018:
3014:
3013:
3011:
3010:
3005:
3003:Majar al-Kabir
2999:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2921:
2919:
2912:
2905:
2901:
2900:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2887:
2885:
2881:
2880:
2878:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2861:
2859:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2829:Saber Guardian
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2809:Phantom Strike
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2774:Commando Eagle
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2750:
2748:
2744:
2743:
2741:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2708:Guardian Tiger
2705:
2700:
2694:
2692:
2688:
2687:
2685:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2628:
2626:
2622:
2621:
2619:
2618:
2616:Warrior's Rage
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2572:
2570:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2536:
2535:
2528:Northern Delay
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2474:
2472:
2465:
2457:
2456:
2443:
2442:
2439:
2438:
2435:
2434:
2431:
2430:
2428:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2396:
2394:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2343:
2337:
2335:
2329:
2328:
2326:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2283:
2282:
2277:
2267:
2262:
2260:Jeish Muhammad
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2231:
2229:
2220:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2210:
2205:
2203:United Kingdom
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2153:Ba'athist Iraq
2150:
2144:
2142:
2134:
2133:
2121:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2103:
2093:
2088:
2087:
2086:
2076:
2075:
2074:
2063:
2061:
2050:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2028:
2027:
2020:Reconstruction
2017:
2012:
2007:
2006:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1985:
1979:
1977:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1919:
1917:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1893:
1892:
1891:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1870:
1869:
1860:
1855:
1845:
1840:
1838:Anbar campaign
1835:
1834:
1833:
1831:2003–06 period
1823:
1818:
1812:
1810:
1802:
1801:
1791:
1790:
1787:
1786:
1783:
1782:
1780:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1757:
1755:Vilnius letter
1752:
1747:
1742:
1740:Habbush letter
1736:
1734:
1728:
1727:
1725:
1724:
1719:
1717:Preemptive war
1714:
1713:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1695:Media coverage
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1668:
1663:
1662:
1661:
1651:
1646:
1645:
1644:
1639:
1628:
1626:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1618:
1613:
1612:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1599:Anthrax claims
1591:
1590:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1567:Aluminum tubes
1564:
1553:
1551:
1545:
1544:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1537:
1536:
1535:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1514:
1513:
1503:
1502:
1501:
1499:Investigations
1491:
1486:
1481:
1479:1991 uprisings
1476:
1471:
1466:
1465:
1464:
1459:
1448:
1446:
1442:
1441:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1432:
1431:
1429:Anfal campaign
1426:
1421:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1391:
1389:
1382:
1374:
1373:
1361:
1360:
1357:Iraqi conflict
1354:
1351:
1350:
1342:
1341:
1334:
1327:
1319:
1313:
1312:
1306:
1298:
1297:External links
1295:
1294:
1293:
1290:
1283:
1276:
1269:
1263:
1257:
1252:
1238:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1224:
1218:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1195:
1176:
1151:
1149:, p. 147.
1147:Rothfield 2009
1139:
1137:, p. 140.
1135:Rothfield 2009
1122:
1120:, p. 139.
1118:Rothfield 2009
1107:
1105:, p. 138.
1103:Rothfield 2009
1090:
1088:, p. 137.
1086:Rothfield 2009
1073:
1071:, p. 136.
1069:Rothfield 2009
1061:
1045:
1030:
1005:
1003:, p. 133.
1001:Rothfield 2009
993:
991:, p. 132.
989:Rothfield 2009
976:
974:, p. 131.
972:Rothfield 2009
959:
957:, p. 129.
955:Rothfield 2009
947:
945:, p. 128.
943:Rothfield 2009
926:
924:, p. 127.
922:Rothfield 2009
909:
907:, p. 126.
905:Rothfield 2009
897:
895:, p. 125.
893:Rothfield 2009
880:
878:, p. 124.
876:Rothfield 2009
861:
857:Rothfield 2009
846:
842:Rothfield 2009
834:
830:Rothfield 2009
819:
815:Rothfield 2009
807:
803:Rothfield 2009
790:
786:Rothfield 2009
771:
767:Rothfield 2009
759:
755:Rothfield 2009
747:
743:Rothfield 2009
735:
731:Rothfield 2009
723:
719:Rothfield 2009
711:
707:Rothfield 2009
696:
692:Rothfield 2009
679:
675:Rothfield 2009
664:
660:Rothfield 2009
649:
645:Rothfield 2009
634:
630:Rothfield 2009
622:
618:Rothfield 2009
610:
606:Rothfield 2009
598:
594:Rothfield 2009
583:
579:Rothfield 2009
571:
567:Rothfield 2009
559:
555:Rothfield 2009
544:
540:Rothfield 2009
531:
529:
526:
525:
524:
519:
514:
509:
504:
499:
493:
488:
481:
478:
477:
476:
464:
456:
446:
440:
422:
419:votive tablets
415:cylinder seals
400:
394:
383:
375:
374:Sites affected
372:
336:
333:
305:team in Iraq.
252:
249:
174:Saddam Hussein
169:
166:
136:
133:
110:
109:
45:. Please help
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6630:
6619:
6616:
6614:
6611:
6609:
6606:
6604:
6601:
6599:
6596:
6594:
6591:
6590:
6588:
6573:
6570:
6568:
6565:
6563:
6562:Lost artworks
6560:
6558:
6555:
6553:
6550:
6548:
6545:
6543:
6540:
6539:
6536:
6530:
6527:
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6457:
6456:
6455:
6452:
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6447:
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6442:
6438:
6435:
6434:
6433:
6432:Grave robbery
6430:
6428:
6425:
6423:
6420:
6418:
6415:
6414:
6412:
6408:
6400:
6397:
6395:
6392:
6391:
6390:
6389:United States
6387:
6383:
6380:
6378:
6375:
6371:
6368:
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6327:
6325:
6321:
6318:
6317:
6315:
6311:
6308:
6307:
6306:Saudi Arabia
6305:
6301:
6298:
6296:
6293:
6292:
6290:
6286:
6283:
6282:
6280:
6276:
6275:Benin Bronzes
6273:
6272:
6270:
6266:
6263:
6262:
6260:
6256:
6253:
6251:
6248:
6247:
6245:
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5788:
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5538:
5533:
5519:
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5511:
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5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
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5481:
5479:
5476:
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5469:
5466:
5464:
5461:
5459:
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5441:
5439:
5436:
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5431:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5415:
5413:
5409:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5386:
5383:
5381:
5378:
5377:
5376:
5373:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5365:Syrian Desert
5363:
5361:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5343:
5342:
5340:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5327:
5323:
5316:
5311:
5309:
5304:
5302:
5297:
5296:
5293:
5283:
5274:
5270:
5265:
5256:
5246:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5215:Unilateralism
5213:
5211:
5210:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5172:
5169:
5168:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5145:
5142:
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5140:
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5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
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5106:
5102:
5088:
5085:
5083:
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5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
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5055:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5044:
5042:
5040:
5036:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5014:Documentaries
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4991:
4989:
4985:
4979:
4978:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4948:
4946:
4942:
4932:
4931:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4916:
4914:
4910:
4904:
4903:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4891:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4874:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4862:Shock and awe
4860:
4858:
4857:Regime change
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4847:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4835:Friedman Unit
4833:
4831:
4830:Freedom fries
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4820:Dead checking
4818:
4816:
4815:
4811:
4809:
4808:
4804:
4802:
4801:
4800:"Baghdad Bob"
4797:
4793:
4792:
4788:
4787:
4786:
4785:
4781:
4780:
4778:
4774:
4770:
4766:Miscellaneous
4763:
4759:
4744:
4741:
4738:
4735:
4732:
4729:
4726:
4723:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4711:
4709:
4705:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4643:
4639:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4627:
4623:
4621:
4620:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4582:
4579:
4578:
4577:
4574:
4573:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4558:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4548:
4546:
4542:
4539:
4535:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4511:
4509:
4505:
4497:
4496:War resisters
4494:
4493:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4486:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4453:
4450:
4449:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4419:
4417:
4415:controversies
4411:
4405:
4402:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4389:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4376:
4373:
4372:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4359:
4356:
4355:
4354:
4351:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4328:
4327:
4324:
4323:
4321:
4317:
4313:
4306:
4302:
4290:
4288:
4282:
4276:
4275:Taguba Report
4273:
4271:
4270:
4269:Saleh v. Bush
4266:
4264:
4263:
4259:
4257:
4256:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4243:
4240:
4239:
4238:
4235:
4234:
4232:
4228:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4202:
4200:
4196:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4175:Taji bombings
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4130:
4128:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4115:
4113:
4112:
4110:
4106:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4059:
4057:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4044:
4042:
4041:
4039:
4035:
4029:
4028:Tal Afar 2009
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3978:
3976:
3975:
3973:
3969:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3917:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3908:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3856:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3841:Tal Afar 2007
3839:
3837:
3834:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3791:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3783:
3781:
3777:
3771:
3768:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3755:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3737:
3735:
3731:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3704:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3686:
3684:
3680:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3648:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3620:
3618:
3614:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3589:
3587:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3571:
3560:
3557:
3554:
3551:
3548:
3545:
3542:
3539:
3536:
3533:
3530:
3527:
3524:
3521:
3518:
3515:
3512:
3509:
3508:
3506:
3500:
3493:
3490:
3489:
3487:
3481:
3474:
3473:Iraq War Logs
3471:
3468:
3465:
3462:
3459:
3456:
3453:
3450:
3447:
3444:
3441:
3438:
3435:
3432:
3429:
3426:
3423:
3420:
3417:
3414:
3411:
3408:
3405:
3402:
3399:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3385:
3382:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3369:
3368:
3365:
3364:
3362:
3356:
3353:
3349:
3345:
3338:
3334:
3320:
3317:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3304:
3303:
3300:
3299:
3297:
3293:
3282:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3272:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3245:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3234:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3222:Donkey Island
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3184:
3182:
3178:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3143:
3141:
3137:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3105:Lake Tharthar
3103:
3102:
3100:
3096:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3025:
3021:
3019:
3015:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2916:
2913:
2909:
2906:
2902:
2892:
2889:
2888:
2886:
2882:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2862:
2860:
2856:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2819:Polar Tempest
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2779:Forsythe Park
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2751:
2749:
2745:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2713:Iron Triangle
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2695:
2693:
2689:
2683:
2682:Steel Curtain
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2672:Spear (Romhe)
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2623:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2606:Plymouth Rock
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2567:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2534:
2531:
2530:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2503:Desert Thrust
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2469:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2448:
2444:
2426:
2423:
2421:
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1518:War on terror
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1410:Iran–Iraq War
1408:
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1250:1-58234-645-3
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1221:
1219:9780226729435
1215:
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1193:
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1186:
1185:Simon Jenkins
1180:
1166:
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918:
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887:
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868:
866:
859:, p. 48.
858:
853:
851:
844:, p. 46.
843:
838:
832:, p. 41.
831:
826:
824:
817:, p. 40.
816:
811:
805:, p. 37.
804:
799:
797:
795:
788:, p. 36.
787:
782:
780:
778:
776:
769:, p. 35.
768:
763:
757:, p. 33.
756:
751:
745:, p. 32.
744:
739:
733:, p. 30.
732:
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721:, p. 27.
720:
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709:, p. 26.
708:
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694:, p. 25.
693:
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677:, p. 23.
676:
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669:
662:, p. 22.
661:
656:
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647:, p. 21.
646:
641:
639:
632:, p. 20.
631:
626:
620:, p. 18.
619:
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608:, p. 12.
607:
602:
596:, p. 15.
595:
590:
588:
581:, p. 11.
580:
575:
569:, p. 10.
568:
563:
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549:
541:
536:
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510:
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494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
483:
475:
472:
471:Simon Jenkins
468:
465:
463:
460:
457:
454:
450:
447:
444:
441:
438:
434:
433:Old Testament
430:
426:
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401:
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163:
157:
155:
151:
150:Gertrude Bell
146:
142:
135:Early history
132:
129:
124:
116:
106:
103:February 2019
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
67:
64: –
63:
59:
58:Find sources:
52:
48:
44:
38:
37:
36:single source
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
6552:Book burning
6509:Nazi plunder
6480:World War II
6261:Middle East
6214:
6126:Afghanistan
5951:
5931:Royal titles
5856:Architecture
5693:Neo-Assyrian
5540:(Pre)history
5360:Persian Gulf
5275: /
5266: /
5257: /
5207:
4975:
4928:
4900:
4888:
4871:
4844:
4812:
4805:
4798:
4789:
4784:Axis of evil
4782:
4624:
4618:
4555:
4483:
4437:Plame affair
4365:Human rights
4286:
4285:
4267:
4260:
4253:
4209:
4180:Karbala 2011
4094:Baqubah 2010
4018:Taza bombing
3942:Karbala 2008
3668:Baqubah 2004
3656:30 September
3651:14 September
3577:and bombings
3358:Killings and
3242:
3202:Shurta Nasir
3187:Haifa Street
3161:Al Rumaythah
3022:
2985:Debecka Pass
2844:Tiger Hammer
2834:Sledgehammer
2784:Imposing Law
2718:River Falcon
2677:Squeeze Play
2637:Able Warrior
2596:Phantom Fury
2523:Ivy Blizzard
2518:Iron Justice
2451:Battles and
2410:Popular Army
2130:Participants
2101:Ratification
2096:Constitution
2003:CPA Order 17
1865: /
1759:
1673: /
1609:Ricin claims
1474:No-fly zones
1417: /
1285:
1279:
1272:
1265:
1259:
1241:
1234:
1208:
1189:The Guardian
1179:
1168:. Retrieved
1164:
1154:
1142:
1064:
1056:
1048:
1040:
1033:
1022:. Retrieved
1020:. 2021-01-07
1017:
1008:
996:
950:
900:
837:
810:
762:
750:
738:
726:
714:
625:
613:
601:
574:
562:
557:, p. 7.
542:, p. 2.
535:
522:Mosul Museum
451:– the great
369:
365:
361:
358:
354:
350:
346:
322:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
290:
282:
241:
237:
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229:
225:
216:
212:
208:
192:
179:Ba'ath Party
171:
158:
138:
122:
121:
100:
90:
83:
76:
69:
57:
33:
6136:Bangladesh
6120:By location
6092:destruction
6034:Hittitology
6024:Assyriology
5945:Archaeology
5815:Old Persian
5625:Jemdet Nasr
5188:Patriot Act
4902:"Yo, Blair"
4776:Terminology
4739:(2014–2021)
4725:War in Iraq
4557:Khuy Voyne!
4230:Prosecution
4222:(2004–2011)
4023:Kirkuk 2009
3896:Kirkuk 2007
3809:18 February
3804:12 February
3597:Canal Hotel
3531:(2003–2011)
3227:Karbala III
3085:Fallujah II
3075:CIMIC House
2980:Karbala Gap
2950:Haditha Dam
2824:Purple Haze
2799:Marne Torch
2769:Black Eagle
2657:Iron Hammer
2576:Baton Rouge
2513:Iron Hammer
2188:South Korea
2059:governments
2057:Replacement
1998:CPA Order 2
1975:(2003–2011)
1582:"Curveball"
1348:(2003–2011)
1165:www.gao.gov
1057:justice.gov
512:Iraq Museum
390:Ishtar Gate
141:World War I
128:Iraq Museum
6587:Categories
6567:Looted art
6557:Iconoclasm
6281:Palestine
5998:Divination
5708:Achaemenid
5673:Isin-Larsa
5566:Trialetian
5561:Mousterian
5548:Prehistory
5282:Multimedia
5171:Resolution
5156:Green Zone
4743:Insurgency
4719:Insurgency
4588:Opposition
4442:Hood event
4346:ORB survey
4326:Casualties
4185:Basra 2011
3937:Balad 2008
3799:3 February
3794:22 January
3719:Balad 2005
3694:Erbil 2005
3638:Mosul 2004
3633:Basra 2004
3623:Erbil 2004
3517:Camp Bucca
3341:War crimes
3281:Palm Grove
3146:Baghdad II
3120:Hit convoy
3110:Abu Ghraib
3035:Fallujah I
2965:Karbala II
2839:Stampede 3
2789:Leyte Gulf
2667:New Market
2586:Iron Saber
2464:Operations
2453:operations
2348:'s militia
2341:Mahdi Army
2015:Blackwater
1993:100 Orders
1973:Occupation
1826:Insurgency
1809:Key events
1557:WMD claims
1381:Background
1170:2022-05-28
1024:2021-01-21
517:Looted art
294:Jay Garner
73:newspapers
6504:Libraries
5871:Cuneiform
5747:Languages
5556:Acheulean
5443:Babylonia
5380:Euphrates
5330:Geography
5230:WikiLeaks
5198:Post-9/11
4944:Memorials
4727:(2013–17)
4721:(2011–13)
4593:Criticism
4537:Reactions
4413:Political
4397:Mandaeans
4082:September
4052:25 August
3947:Al-Karmah
3876:Abu Sayda
3712:September
3525:(2003–04)
3523:Camp Nama
3519:(2003–09)
3513:(2003–06)
3504:and abuse
3494:(2004–05)
3360:massacres
3274:2009–2011
3260:Basra III
3207:Basra II
3197:Najaf III
3151:Ramadi II
3065:Danny Boy
2990:Baghdad I
2960:Samawah I
2945:Karbala I
2940:Nasiriyah
2884:2009–2011
2759:Arbead II
2703:Gaugamela
2393:loyalists
2346:Abu Deraa
2312:Abu Theeb
2217:Insurgent
2148:Australia
2141:Countries
1867:Reactions
1863:Execution
1733:and memos
1549:Rationale
1511:Aftermath
1445:1990–2003
1262:6/29/2006
1018:France 24
486:Art theft
413:tablets,
411:cuneiform
43:talk page
6336:Ukraine
6271:Nigeria
6226:Ireland
6191:Germany
6090:Damage,
6017:Academia
5971:Religion
5840:Urartian
5835:Sumerian
5820:Parthian
5755:Akkadian
5728:Sasanian
5718:Parthian
5713:Seleucid
5663:Simurrum
5653:Akkadian
5586:Khiamian
5576:Natufian
5488:Simurrum
5473:Kassites
5468:Hittites
5423:Adiabene
5273:Wikinews
5264:Category
5039:Timeline
5004:Bombings
4912:Critical
4642:Protests
4619:Photo Op
4387:Refugees
4087:November
4067:February
4006:December
3920:February
3871:Makhmour
3829:1 August
3819:18 April
3814:29 March
3763:November
3483:Chemical
3156:Diwaniya
3130:Tal Afar
3115:Al-Qa'im
3070:Najaf II
3060:Husaybah
3045:Ramadi I
2925:Umm Qasr
2918:Invasion
2891:New Dawn
2764:Ardennes
2723:Scorpion
2698:Al Majid
2642:Badlands
2550:Planet X
2508:Falconer
2493:Catalyst
2314:'s group
2193:Thailand
1923:Timeline
1913:Invasion
1889:timeline
1843:Fallujah
1799:Overview
1731:Dossiers
1685:Legality
1533:Invasion
1452:Gulf War
1388:Pre-1990
1346:Iraq War
480:See also
453:ziggurat
393:barren".
277:Bakr Awa
195:Iraq War
162:Gulf War
6522:Natural
6410:By type
6291:Poland
6246:Kosovo
6236:Israel
6181:France
6156:Canada
6146:Brazil
6096:looting
6003:Prayers
5988:Deities
5952:Looting
5795:Kassite
5790:Hurrian
5785:Hittite
5775:Elamite
5770:Eblaite
5765:Aramaic
5760:Amorite
5683:Kassite
5658:Gutians
5640:History
5605:Samarra
5601:Hassuna
5571:Zarzian
5493:Subartu
5483:Mitanni
5448:Chaldea
5438:Assyria
5411:Ancient
5255:Outline
5109:Related
4544:Pre-war
4319:General
4143:October
4133:January
4118:January
4062:January
4001:October
3986:6 April
3824:26 July
3502:Torture
3485:weapons
3255:Nineveh
3212:Baqubah
3125:Haditha
3080:Samarra
2955:Najaf I
2935:Basra I
2904:Battles
2804:Mawtini
2733:Swarmer
2662:Matador
2647:Cyclone
2405:Al-Awda
2198:Ukraine
2163:Georgia
2158:Denmark
1659:UNMOVIC
1415:British
1370:Prelude
1200:Sources
443:Nineveh
437:Assyria
386:Babylon
87:scholar
6326:Syria
6316:Spain
6166:China
6113:caused
6111:Human-
5830:Sutean
5805:Median
5800:Luwian
5780:Gutian
5668:Ur III
5581:Nemrik
5518:Cities
5513:Urartu
5463:Hamazi
5458:Gutium
5433:Armani
5385:Tigris
5338:Modern
4309:Impact
4138:August
4123:August
4077:August
4047:10 May
3996:August
3707:August
3561:(2004)
3555:(2003)
3549:(2003)
3543:(2003)
3537:(2003)
3475:(2010)
3469:(2007)
3463:(2007)
3457:(2006)
3451:(2006)
3445:(2006)
3439:(2006)
3433:(2006)
3427:(2006)
3421:(2005)
3415:(2005)
3409:(2005)
3403:(2005)
3397:(2004)
3386:(2003)
3283:(2010)
3166:Amarah
2975:Hillah
2970:Al Kut
2930:Al Faw
2754:Alljah
2728:Sinbad
2652:Dagger
2391:Ba'ath
2334:groups
2228:groups
2219:groups
2183:Poland
1915:(2003)
1625:Issues
1604:Prague
1484:UNSCOM
1248:
1216:
449:Nippur
425:Nimrud
417:, and
220:UNESCO
188:Nippur
89:
82:
75:
68:
60:
6211:Iraq
6201:Iran
5916:Music
5866:Akitu
5723:Roman
5615:Ubaid
5610:Halaf
5508:Tukri
5503:Sumer
5498:Suhum
5478:Media
5428:Akkad
4987:Lists
4072:April
3981:March
3925:March
3171:Turki
3090:Mosul
2560:Telic
2226:Sunni
2178:Japan
2173:Italy
2037:UNAMI
1858:Trial
528:Notes
397:Hatra
94:JSTOR
80:books
6459:List
6102:and
6094:and
5962:Tell
5620:Uruk
5453:Elam
5087:2011
5082:2010
5077:2009
5072:2008
5067:2007
5062:2006
5057:2005
5052:2004
5047:2003
4108:2011
4037:2010
3991:June
3971:2009
3930:June
3910:2008
3779:2007
3758:July
3733:2006
3682:2005
3616:2004
3585:2003
3312:2008
3307:2007
3236:2008
3180:2007
3139:2006
3098:2005
3017:2004
2911:2003
2858:2008
2747:2007
2691:2006
2625:2005
2569:2004
2471:2003
2332:Shia
2168:Iran
1246:ISBN
1214:ISBN
459:Umma
407:Gula
403:Isin
380:Adab
286:Umma
186:and
66:news
6100:art
6098:of
5861:Art
1187:in
49:by
6589::
3573:§
1163:.
1125:^
1110:^
1093:^
1076:^
1016:.
979:^
962:^
929:^
912:^
883:^
864:^
849:^
822:^
793:^
774:^
699:^
682:^
667:^
652:^
637:^
586:^
547:^
467:Ur
184:Ur
156:.
143:,
6083:e
6076:t
6069:v
5603:/
5314:e
5307:t
5300:v
4287:§
1338:e
1331:t
1324:v
1222:.
1183:(
1173:.
1027:.
105:)
101:(
91:·
84:·
77:·
70:·
53:.
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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