768:
924:
1080:, where the streams flow in steep-sided valleys separated by sharp crests. With a generally low altitude the Bas-Vivarais enjoys a warm, dry, almost Mediterranean climate. Skies are wide and bright, temperatures more elevated (3 or 4 °C in January). The winds from the northeast are dominant, but those of the south (known as the "vent du midi") and west are full of humidity, bringing heavy precipitation for a few days at a time. The few rivers, the Lavezon, Escoutay, and Frayol, provide less of a hydrological resource than one sees in the crysaline granitic areas to the north. This is a country of wine, shrubland, cereals, and extensive fruit trees (this is the region of
536:
908:
860:
455:
152:
675:
142:
887:, and industrial development in the Ardèche remained relatively small-scale. No large towns appeared in the department during the years of France's industrialisation, and its official population total of 388,500, reached in 1861, turned out to be a peak that has not since been matched. Since the 1860s, the Ardèche economy has been split between the prosperous Rhône valley and the relatively poor and mountainous Haut Vivarais on the department's western side. Sheep farming did not lead to the prosperity hoped for and wine growing, badly hit by the
1394:
900:
167:
88:
1238:
524:
916:
1860:
99:
110:
2311:
1896:. As one of the poorer districts in France, emigration from the Ardèche exceeded immigration for a long time, although this has recently changed. In 1990, Ardèche reached the population level it had 50 years earlier. Today, the population numbers 309,000 (compared to 390,000 in 1860). Despite this demographic recovery, the area remains marked by a rural exodus that minimises the effects of an above average
1097:
direction of the Rhône, and at its widest is a maximum 11 km. The climate here is also fairly extreme: snow, without being thick, is frequent, variations of temperature accentuated by the strong, cold winds. The soil is rich and fertile. Farming is dominated by wheat, oats, and potatoes, with the raising of goats and cattle. On the slopes are vines and fruit trees.
974:. It is a land of great contrasts: at the lowest it is at a mere 40 metres of elevation above sea level at the point at which the Ardèche river flows into the Rhône (in the southeast of the department) up to 1,754 metres at Mont Mézenc (centre-west), it is bordered to the east by the length of the Rhône valley for 140 km and to the west by the high plateaus of the
1945:
982:
especially in winter. Privas shares this inaccessibility, being by road 589 km from Paris, 574 km from
Strasbourg, 215 km from Marseille, 211 km from Annecy, 162 km from Chambéry, 147 km from Nîmes, 140 km from Lyon, 135 km from Grenoble, and 127 km from Saint-Étienne.
1929:
the nearby town of
Valence and the economically more advanced department of la Drôme. In the southern interior with the town of Aubenas and the valley of the Ardèche river, the population of the cantons of Villeneuve-de-Berg and of Vallon-Pont-d'Arc grows at four times the speed of the departmental average.
868:
The population grew from 273,000 in 1793 to 388,500 in 1861. The silkworm industry boomed until 1855, when disease affected the worms and competition with China undermined the industry's profitability. Mining at Privas saw the exploitation of local iron ore, which was quickly depleted. As a result, six
1096:
This plateau, 800 metres above sea level, is completely surrounded to the north by the valleys of the Ouvèze and the Payre, to the south by the valley of the
Escoutay, and to the west by the Col of the Escrinet and the valley of Vesseaux. It is built of basalt that extends in length 18 km in the
867:
In the
Napoleonic period, the Ardèche entered a period of increasingly prosperous inconspicuousness. After a period of eclipse, Viviers was reestablished in 1822 as the site of the see of the bishops of Ardèche, where it remains to this day. During the 19th century, modest economic growth took place.
751:
put an end to these struggles. At that time, the
Vivarais had over 75 Protestant churches and five fortified strongholds with permanent garrisons. But the area's problems were not over. In 1629, Paule de Chambaud, daughter of the Huguenot lord of Privas, chose instead to marry a Catholic, the Vicomte
1907:
Ardèche has few foreign-born immigrants, found almost exclusively in the tourist locations of
Largentière, Le Pouzin, and Bourg-Saint-Andéol. They number about 11,000, 4% of the population. During the summer, many European tourists visit the Ardèche, principally Dutch and Germans staying at camping
1113:
Maps of different types of agricultural products translate clearly into these five regions. According to A. Siegfried, "The true character of the Ardèche is of a slope turning towards the
Mediterranean, open to the influences coming from the Midi. These influences climb the length of the valleys to
1928:
The Rhône valley and the
Annonay region, close to the main axes of communication (highways and the TGV railway), are the department's most urbanised areas. Here the natural growth in population is everywhere positive. Annonay, Tournon-sur-Rhône, and Guilherand-Granges benefit from the proximity of
981:
At its widest, the department does not exceed 75 km. It covers an area of 5,550 square kilometres, a size that hides its great diversity in terms of relief, the absence of access to rapid transport (unique in France), and the difficulties in transport from one part of the
Ardeche to another,
826:
At the beginning of the French
Revolution, the 1789 Declaration of Human Rights at last recognised Ardèche Protestants as citizens in their own right, free at last to practise their faith. Catholicism nonetheless continued to expand, and by the early 19th century the Ardèche included only 34,000
804:
In the next century, despite the growth of the community of Annonay, increasing polarisation between the upper nobility families such as Rohan Soubise, and Vogue, Count of Aubenas, possessing huge financial fortunes, and the lesser nobility, the village clergy and the bourgeoisie of the Vivarais
1924:
and along the edge of the Rhône valley. The mountainous areas are much less densely populated, with only 6 to 7 inhabitants per km in the cantons of Saint-Étienne-de-Lugdarès and Valgorge. As the mountains and the plateau continue to depopulate, those of the Rhône valley, Bas-Vivarais and lower
817:
over the town on 4 June 1783. The firm of Canson Mongolfier continues making paper to this day and every year on the first weekend in June a large hot air balloon gathering celebrates the first journey. At the 200th anniversary in 1983, some 50 hot air balloons took part with the first historic
801:", destroying a number of communities. The brutality of those years was enormous and peace was restored only in 1715. As a result of brutality on both sides, another 50,000 Archèche Protestants fled France, many for Switzerland, whilst others were forced into abjuration (conversion).
835:
representing the Third Estate of the Vivarais in the States General, the freeing of the serfs, and the support of the lesser clergy of the church ensured that the Ardèchois supported the early revolution, but they withdrew support when things became more radical. During the
456:
566:), erected thousands of years ago. The river has one of Europe's largest canyons, and the caves that dot the cliffs—which go as high as 300 metres (1,000 feet)—are known for signs of prehistoric inhabitants (arrowheads and flint knives are often found).
1911:
Some 50% of the population of the department lives in rural communities, compared to a national average of 75% of the French population living in urban areas. The Ardèche has an average population density of 52 per km, compared to 122 per km for the
727:(1562–1598), the Ardèche was considered a strategically important location between Protestant Geneva, Lyon, and Catholic Languedoc. The region had prospered with the introduction of tobacco growing from America, and the agrarian experiments of
1042:
has its source. Within a few kilometres is the volcanic lake of Issarlès (92 ha, 5 km in circumference, 108 m in depth). The climate is extreme: snow for many months, very violent winds in autumn and winter (known locally as "la
1055:
The transition zone descending from the mountains (1,200 m) to the valley of the Rhône (300 to 400 m), is the plateau region. The plateau's medium altitude is one of green forested crests separated by wild and uncrossable
690:
obliged the bishops of Vivarais to admit the sovereignty of the kings of France over all their temporal domain. The realm was largely ignored by the Emperors and was finally granted to France as part of the domain of the
1105:
The Rhône corridor is very straight on the right bank, which runs almost at the foot of the Vivarais plateaus, leaving tiny plains where the rivers from the Vivarais descend to the Rhône. Here the strong north wind (the
1110:) dominates, but temperatures are moderated by the influence of the "Midi" to the south. The narrow plains are very fertile and favourable to orchards (peaches and apricots). On the slopes the vines dominate.
632:
churches in the region, including Ailhon, Mercuer, Saint Julien du Serre, Balazuc, Niègles, and Rochecolombe. The medieval county of Viviers or Vivarais at this time was administratively a part of the
1936:
continue to lose its young population (the median age of the population as a whole is increasing as a result of the weakness of the power of this region to attract new permanent inhabitants).
605:
in 208. Legend tells of Andéol's burial by Amycia Eucheria Tullia. In 430, Auxonius transferred the see to Viviers as a result of the problems suffered at its previous site in Alba Augusta.
1971:, with many well-managed limestone and granite crags. Each year the Ardeche hosts one of France's biggest road cycling events, L'Ardéchoise, with 16,000 entrants participating in 2011.
1064:
resources are dominated by these torrential streams and rainfall is characterised by frequent summer showers, with the climate much less extreme than that of the mountains to the west.
2047:
1114:
the summit of the high plateau, which resists their passage, not letting them penetrate. The high and the low are thus opposed, such is the character of the Ardèche personality."
1047:"), frequent fogs in the valleys, extreme temperature changes between the seasons, with heavy rains (1,500 mm per year in average) concentrated in September and October.
686:, who lost it to the French crown in 1229. In 1284, with the Cistercian Abbey of Marzan, Philip IV established Villeneuve de Berg, and by the treaty of 10 July 1305
723:, the Vivarais Ardèche was one of the areas that strongly embraced Protestantism partly as a result of Jacques Valery's missionary activity in 1534. During the
2076:
1250:
272:
827:
Protestants out of a population of 290,000. Named after the river of the same name, the Ardèche was one of the original 83 departments created during the
3050:
1900:. The rate of natural increase is practically nonexistent, as Ardèche-born inhabitants have an above average median age and thus also an above average
747:), the Vivarais became a Protestant stronghold. As a result, it suffered many attacks and eight pitched battles between 1562 and 1595. In 1598, the
2299:
3040:
756:'s persecution of Protestants. With a majority of the population Protestant, Privas refused to submit, and as a centre of the revolt of the
767:
2005:
393:
731:, father of modern French agriculture. The influence of Protestant Lyon, and the growth of the silk industry, thanks to the planting of
2114:
S'il faut en croire l'antique légende, le corps de l'apôtre fut recueilli par une vierge de l'une des premières familles du Vivarais,
1925:
Ardèche are continuing to grow, but the population situation, whilst better than in the past, still remains an issue for the region.
832:
2264:
315:
180:
1979:
3035:
2277:
2223:
All the Ardeche in video HD online, official tourism website with all places to visit, camp-sites, gîtes, hotels and B&Bs.
879:, whose inventions played a key role in the development of early locomotives, was born in the department. But Seguin located
586:
2000:
417:
1995:
405:
151:
2292:
659:
in 1032. Locally throughout this period, the Church played an important role. John II (Giovanni of Siena), Cardinal and
1231:
3045:
778:
764:, sent to support the Vicomte de l'Estrange. As a result, one-fifth of the Vivarais Protestant population emigrated.
757:
891:
crisis during the last decades of the 19th century, has had to compete with other more established areas of France.
703:
in 1308. During this period, the Maillard family, as Counts of Tournon, were influential in the Ardèche. During the
1410:
1470:
1451:
1432:
1357:
1002:
They border the western frontier of the department with an average altitude of 1,100 metres. They are of largely
141:
2285:
2238:
The Ardeche County Tourist website, ardeche.com lists a large number of gîtes, camp-sites, hotels and B&Bs.
2025:
166:
923:
656:
535:
360:
844:
at Privas was kept busy with the execution of the former moderate supporters of the revolution. Under the
810:
1406:
1398:
2225:
1916:
region and 104 per km in France. Population density is highest in the regions around the two towns of
907:
739:
of the Vivarais towns a certain independence of thinking, and with the support of powerful Protestant
2999:
2716:
1330:
1246:
633:
388:
1964:
1872:
859:
805:
paralleled developments elsewhere in France. Despite this, the sons of a local Annonay paper-maker,
2728:
2686:
1480:
1461:
1442:
1288:
1276:
1254:
278:
248:
3030:
2350:
2063:
1034:: 1,551 m). Their inclination slopes gently westward, leading to a westerly flow of water to the
872:
were established, but they were only moderately profitable, the last closing at Pouzain in 1929.
786:
724:
649:
629:
17:
943:
674:
491:
229:
2307:
1372:
1130:
is the sixth-most populous. As of 2019, there are 8 communes with more than 5,000 inhabitants:
637:
2380:
707:, the area maintained its loyalty to the French crown despite frequent attacks from the west.
2866:
2410:
2374:
2323:
2315:
696:
499:
487:
368:
339:
236:
72:
2746:
2126:
Sainte Amycie fit creuser dans le roc un oratoire, ou elle déposa les restes de Saint Andeol
1214:
771:
2722:
2674:
1031:
349:
2175:
1174:
259:
8:
2906:
2854:
2842:
2572:
1300:
1072:
The Ardèche river flows into the Rhône, following a generally southeasterly course. This
687:
668:
645:
3025:
2464:
2404:
1085:
570:
2966:
2806:
2662:
2656:
2638:
2584:
1315:
1164:
967:
806:
753:
683:
582:
412:
1456:
1437:
495:
35:
2884:
2812:
2566:
2434:
2428:
2102:
Album of the Vivarais, or historic and descriptive guidebook of this ancient province
939:
828:
744:
728:
704:
692:
660:
653:
598:
551:
400:
224:
2758:
2097:
Album du Vivarais, ou itinéraire historique et descriptif de cette ancienne province
928:
2824:
2608:
2596:
1983:
1241:
Arrondissement of Largentière in green, Privas in yellow, Tournon-sur-Rhône in blue
845:
614:
569:
The Vivarais, as the Ardèche is still called, takes its name and coat of arms from
528:
479:
474:
462:
61:
1868:
2818:
2542:
2362:
2229:
2095:
1494:
1015:
899:
880:
837:
814:
748:
700:
590:
449:
2458:
1393:
2878:
2788:
2782:
2626:
2614:
2554:
2043:
1975:
1968:
1107:
991:
975:
869:
2800:
2752:
2710:
1913:
1204:
1011:
255:
3019:
2932:
2896:
2704:
2518:
2140:"Assemblée nationale ~ Les députés, le vote de la loi, le Parlement français"
1498:
195:
182:
125:
87:
2890:
2848:
2776:
2578:
2500:
2446:
2356:
1502:
1475:
782:
597:, is supposed to have evangelized the Vivarais during the reign of Emperor
555:
121:
2506:
2644:
2590:
2452:
1237:
963:
876:
853:
736:
716:
523:
2077:"En Ardèche, il y a « plus de dolmens qu'en Bretagne ! »"
2921:
2915:
1901:
1897:
1342:
888:
841:
798:
761:
2943:
2536:
2440:
2139:
2044:"Téléchargement du fichier d'ensemble des populations légales en 2021"
1867:
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on
915:
628:
In the early 10th century, economic recovery saw the building of many
2740:
2245:
1955:
With its rivers and streams, Ardèche has become a favorite place for
1077:
1061:
1019:
330:
2836:
2680:
2620:
2211:
959:
678:
The construction of the Château d'Aubenas began in the 12th century.
613:
The Vivarais area suffered greatly in the 9th century with raids by
2830:
2794:
2734:
2668:
2476:
2422:
1035:
951:
935:
794:
793:
revolt of the Ardèche prophets. Louis XIV responded by dispatching
790:
740:
732:
664:
641:
622:
594:
109:
98:
31:
2560:
2488:
2256:
2157:
971:
947:
558:. The Ardèche river plateau has extensive standing stones (mainly
2949:
2872:
2650:
2530:
2398:
2030:
data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises
1982:(AOC) in 2006. The cuisine of Ardèche is very similar to that of
1921:
1917:
1184:
1154:
1144:
1123:
1081:
1003:
849:
781:
in 1685, which outlawed Protestantism, led the peasant family of
618:
539:
507:
432:
381:
212:
129:
1963:
enthusiasts from around the world. The Ardèche contains part of
1401:: first constituency in green, second in orange, third in purple
2770:
2764:
2632:
2602:
2470:
2416:
2344:
2272:
2222:
1933:
1194:
1127:
1057:
1007:
720:
602:
578:
563:
559:
503:
356:
335:
241:
217:
2195:
2026:"Répertoire national des élus: les conseillers départementaux"
2977:
2860:
2548:
2482:
2338:
1960:
1956:
1948:
1073:
1044:
1039:
1027:
2237:
2698:
2692:
2524:
2512:
2494:
2392:
2386:
1023:
955:
884:
574:
2332:
2203:
2048:
The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies
934:
The department, corresponding to the ancient province of
53:
1944:
818:
flight reenacted with people dressed in period costume.
1974:
The Ardèche department is known for the speciality of
435:, and lakes, ponds, and glaciers larger than 1 km
1932:
The high plateau and the mountainous areas as far as
1978:, with the famous "châtaigne d'Ardèche" granted the
625:
resulting in an overall depopulation of the region.
789:to revolt against royal authority. This led to the
494:, Southeastern France. It is named after the river
1230:
1051:The plateaus of the Haut-Vivarais and the Cévennes
852:took to the Cevennes to escape and support former
550:Humans have inhabited the area at least since the
2176:"Évolution et structure de la population en 2016"
518:
3017:
1951:has become a tourist attraction in recent years.
498:and had a population of 328,278 as of 2019. Its
554:, as attested by the famous cave paintings at
2293:
1698:
1534:
1405:The department elected three members of the
985:
760:, was burned to the ground by the forces of
3051:States and territories established in 1790
2300:
2286:
43:Department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
27:Department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
2104:] (in French). Prudhomme. p. 192
2059:
2057:
2036:
2006:Arrondissements of the Ardèche department
531:is one of Ardèche's many protected caves.
431:French Land Register data, which exclude
1943:
1892:The department's inhabitants are called
1392:
1236:
946:and is surrounded by the departments of
922:
914:
906:
898:
858:
766:
673:
534:
522:
2093:
821:
710:
14:
3018:
2054:
831:on 4 March 1790. The support of Count
2281:
2137:
1251:President of the Departmental Council
587:destruction of their previous capital
473:
448:
294:5,529 km (2,135 sq mi)
273:President of the Departmental Council
2212:Parc Régional des monts d'Ardèche –
2064:Populations légales 2019: 07 Ardèche
1853:
1388:
797:, who brutalised the population by "
621:slavers operating from the coast of
3041:Departments of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
833:François Antoine de Boissy d'Anglas
648:and bequeathed by its last monarch
608:
24:
2982:(collectivity with special status)
2971:(collectivity with special status)
2001:Communes of the Ardèche department
1693:
1529:
1513:Population development since 1791:
1397:Constituencies for members of the
1117:
715:As a result of the reformation of
25:
3062:
2186:
1996:Cantons of the Ardèche department
1986:, with liberal use of chestnuts.
1383:
863:Annonay in the early 20th century
779:Revocation of the Edict of Nantes
758:Benjamin de Rohan, duc de Soubise
682:It was later held in fief by the
424:
34:(Irish for "high assembly"). See
2309:
1858:
1006:composition, split by the Velay
165:
150:
140:
108:
97:
86:
1980:appellation d'origine contrôlée
1508:
1358:Citizen and Republican Movement
1232:Departmental Council of Ardèche
1076:region is formed of calcareous
573:, which was the capital of the
2168:
2150:
2131:
2087:
2069:
2018:
1245:Ardèche is divided into three
663:(1073–1095), accompanied Pope
593:. Saint Andéol, a disciple of
519:Prehistory and ancient history
13:
1:
3036:1790 establishments in France
2011:
1967:. The area is well known for
1122:The most populous commune is
1030:flows (Mézenc: 1,754 metres;
752:de l'Estrange, who supported
426:
171:Location of Ardèche in France
2204:Departmental Council website
1493:Representing Ardèche in the
894:
546:) was founded circa 3000 BCE
7:
1989:
1376:
1361:
1346:
1334:
1319:
1304:
1292:
1280:
1253:has been Olivier Amrane of
1225:
811:Jacques Etienne Montgolfier
10:
3067:
2937:(territorial collectivity)
2926:(territorial collectivity)
1939:
1520:
1471:Ardèche's 3rd constituency
1452:Ardèche's 2nd constituency
1433:Ardèche's 1st constituency
1092:The plateau of the Coirons
743:(the Comte de Crussol and
513:
506:, but its largest city is
29:
3000:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
2991:
2958:
2905:
2322:
2158:"Historique de l'Ardèche"
1885:
1851:
1547:—
1488:
1418:
1411:2017 legislative election
1331:Radical Party of the Left
1262:
986:Differing natural regions
938:, is part of the current
634:Kingdom of Burgundy-Arles
423:
411:
399:
387:
377:
367:
346:
329:
321:
311:
303:
298:
290:
285:
270:
265:
247:
235:
223:
211:
176:
164:
136:
79:
70:
48:
3046:Climbing areas of France
2094:Du Boys, Albert (1842).
2032:(in French). 4 May 2022.
813:, ascended in the first
52:
3004:(Overseas collectivity)
2351:Alpes-de-Haute-Provence
2249:Ardeche Discovery Guide
1101:The valley of the Rhône
875:The scientific pioneer
650:Rudolph III of Burgundy
483:
2228:9 January 2016 at the
2138:Nationale, Assemblée.
2120:Amycia Eucheria Tullia
1965:Cévennes National Park
1952:
1402:
1373:French Communist Party
1242:
931:
920:
912:
904:
903:Cirque de la Madeleine
864:
774:
679:
638:Rudolph II of Burgundy
547:
532:
466:
325:60/km (160/sq mi)
54:
2867:Territoire de Belfort
2316:Departments of France
2273:Ardèche Tourist Board
2214:Ardèche Regional Park
1947:
1517:Historical population
1396:
1240:
926:
918:
910:
902:
862:
770:
677:
601:, and was supposedly
538:
526:
446:French pronunciation:
348: • Summer (
2717:Pyrénées-Atlantiques
2265:Pictures "Panoramio"
2124:Eucherius Valerianus
2122:, fille du sénateur
944:Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
822:Later modern history
711:Early modern history
492:Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
322: • Density
230:Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
2729:Pyrénées-Orientales
2144:Assemblée nationale
2083:. 18 December 2020.
2050:. 28 December 2023.
1518:
1301:Miscellaneous right
1026:plugs and numerous
919:Gorges du Chassezac
688:Philip IV of France
669:Council of Clermont
636:, formed in 933 by
475:[aɾˈdet͡ʃɔ]
192: /
2657:Meurthe-et-Moselle
2257:Ardeche Evasion –
2246:Ardèche Découverte
2196:Prefecture website
1953:
1516:
1403:
1316:Miscellaneous left
1243:
1215:Bourg-Saint-Andéol
1165:Guilherand-Granges
1139:Population (2019)
932:
921:
913:
905:
865:
775:
772:Château de Crussol
754:Cardinal Richelieu
684:Counts of Toulouse
680:
654:Holy Roman Emperor
583:Gallia Narbonensis
556:Chauvet Pont d'Arc
548:
533:
304: • Total
291: • Total
3013:
3012:
3006:
2984:
2973:
2939:
2928:
2885:Seine-Saint-Denis
2429:Charente-Maritime
2259:Ardèche Web Guide
1890:
1889:
1880:
1879:
1847:
1846:
1683:
1682:
1486:
1485:
1407:National Assembly
1399:National Assembly
1389:National Assembly
1381:
1380:
1257:(LR) since 2021.
1223:
1222:
1175:Tournon-sur-Rhône
1126:; the prefecture
1010:of the Massif of
829:French Revolution
745:Olivier de Serres
729:Olivier de Serres
705:Hundred Years War
661:Bishop of Viviers
599:Septimius Severus
552:Upper Paleolithic
439:
438:
369:Department number
312: • Rank
260:Tournon-sur-Rhône
30:Distinguish from
16:(Redirected from
3058:
3002:
2980:
2969:
2935:
2924:
2597:Loire-Atlantique
2405:Bouches-du-Rhône
2314:
2313:
2312:
2302:
2295:
2288:
2279:
2278:
2271:
2255:
2244:
2236:
2221:
2210:
2202:
2194:
2180:
2179:
2172:
2166:
2165:
2154:
2148:
2147:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2111:
2109:
2091:
2085:
2084:
2073:
2067:
2061:
2052:
2051:
2040:
2034:
2033:
2022:
1862:
1861:
1854:
1700:
1695:
1687:
1686:
1536:
1531:
1523:
1522:
1519:
1515:
1416:
1415:
1369:
1354:
1327:
1312:
1273:
1260:
1259:
1133:
1132:
1068:The Bas-Vivarais
994:of the Ardèche:
735:trees, gave the
725:Wars of Religion
609:Medieval history
477:
472:
460:
459:
458:
452:
447:
430:
353:
277:Olivier Amrane (
207:
206:
204:
203:
202:
197:
196:44.667°N 4.417°E
193:
190:
189:
188:
185:
169:
154:
144:
112:
101:
90:
65:
57:
46:
45:
21:
3066:
3065:
3061:
3060:
3059:
3057:
3056:
3055:
3016:
3015:
3014:
3009:
2987:
2954:
2901:
2819:Tarn-et-Garonne
2723:Hautes-Pyrénées
2543:Ille-et-Vilaine
2363:Alpes-Maritimes
2318:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2269:
2253:
2242:
2234:
2230:Wayback Machine
2219:
2208:
2200:
2192:
2189:
2184:
2183:
2174:
2173:
2169:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2136:
2132:
2107:
2105:
2092:
2088:
2075:
2074:
2070:
2062:
2055:
2042:
2041:
2037:
2024:
2023:
2019:
2014:
1992:
1976:Sweet Chestnuts
1942:
1881:
1876:
1863:
1859:
1511:
1491:
1481:The Republicans
1462:Socialist Party
1457:Michèle Victory
1443:Socialist Party
1438:Hervé Saulignac
1391:
1386:
1367:
1352:
1325:
1310:
1289:The Republicans
1277:Socialist Party
1271:
1255:The Republicans
1247:arrondissements
1235:
1228:
1120:
1118:Principal towns
1032:Gerbier de Jonc
1018:, centred upon
1016:Forez mountains
992:natural regions
990:There are five
988:
897:
883:upstream, near
840:, in 1794, the
838:Reign of Terror
824:
815:hot air balloon
749:Edict of Nantes
713:
611:
591:Alba-la-Romaine
521:
516:
470:
454:
453:
450:[aʁdɛʃ]
445:
389:Arrondissements
347:
258:
200:
198:
194:
191:
186:
183:
181:
179:
178:
172:
160:
159:
158:
157:
148:
147:
132:
120:From top down:
118:
117:
116:
115:
114:
113:
104:
103:
102:
93:
92:
91:
75:
66:
59:
51:
44:
39:
36:Ardèche (river)
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3064:
3054:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3031:Massif Central
3028:
3011:
3010:
3008:
3007:
2995:
2993:
2989:
2988:
2986:
2985:
2974:
2962:
2960:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2952:
2946:
2940:
2929:
2918:
2911:
2909:
2903:
2902:
2900:
2899:
2893:
2887:
2881:
2879:Hauts-de-Seine
2875:
2869:
2863:
2857:
2851:
2845:
2839:
2833:
2827:
2821:
2815:
2809:
2803:
2797:
2791:
2789:Seine-et-Marne
2785:
2783:Seine-Maritime
2779:
2773:
2767:
2761:
2759:Saône-et-Loire
2755:
2749:
2743:
2737:
2731:
2725:
2719:
2713:
2707:
2701:
2695:
2689:
2683:
2677:
2671:
2665:
2659:
2653:
2647:
2641:
2635:
2629:
2627:Maine-et-Loire
2623:
2617:
2615:Lot-et-Garonne
2611:
2605:
2599:
2593:
2587:
2581:
2575:
2569:
2563:
2557:
2555:Indre-et-Loire
2551:
2545:
2539:
2533:
2527:
2521:
2515:
2509:
2503:
2497:
2491:
2485:
2479:
2473:
2467:
2461:
2455:
2449:
2443:
2437:
2431:
2425:
2419:
2413:
2407:
2401:
2395:
2389:
2383:
2377:
2371:
2365:
2359:
2353:
2347:
2341:
2335:
2328:
2326:
2320:
2319:
2305:
2304:
2297:
2290:
2282:
2276:
2275:
2267:
2262:
2251:
2240:
2232:
2217:
2206:
2198:
2188:
2187:External links
2185:
2182:
2181:
2167:
2149:
2130:
2086:
2068:
2053:
2035:
2016:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1991:
1988:
1969:sport climbing
1941:
1938:
1888:
1887:
1883:
1882:
1878:
1877:
1866:
1864:
1857:
1852:
1849:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1834:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1823:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1812:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1801:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1790:
1789:
1786:
1783:
1779:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1768:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1757:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1746:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1735:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1724:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1713:
1712:
1709:
1706:
1702:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1677:
1674:
1670:
1669:
1666:
1663:
1659:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1648:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1637:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1626:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1615:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1604:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1593:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1582:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1571:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1560:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1549:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1538:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1510:
1507:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1384:Representation
1382:
1379:
1378:
1375:
1370:
1364:
1363:
1360:
1355:
1349:
1348:
1345:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1333:
1328:
1322:
1321:
1318:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1303:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1291:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1279:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1264:
1234:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1217:
1211:
1210:
1207:
1201:
1200:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1181:
1180:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1161:
1160:
1157:
1151:
1150:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1137:
1119:
1116:
1103:
1102:
1094:
1093:
1070:
1069:
1053:
1052:
1022:cones of ash,
1000:
999:
987:
984:
976:Massif Central
896:
893:
870:blast furnaces
823:
820:
712:
709:
610:
607:
520:
517:
515:
512:
437:
436:
421:
420:
415:
409:
408:
403:
397:
396:
391:
385:
384:
379:
375:
374:
371:
365:
364:
354:
344:
343:
333:
327:
326:
323:
319:
318:
313:
309:
308:
305:
301:
300:
296:
295:
292:
288:
287:
283:
282:
275:
268:
267:
263:
262:
251:
249:Subprefectures
245:
244:
239:
233:
232:
227:
221:
220:
215:
209:
208:
174:
173:
170:
162:
161:
155:
149:
145:
139:
138:
137:
134:
133:
119:
107:
106:
105:
96:
95:
94:
85:
84:
83:
82:
81:
80:
77:
76:
71:
68:
67:
49:
42:
38:for the river.
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3063:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3023:
3021:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2996:
2994:
2990:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2972:
2968:
2964:
2963:
2961:
2957:
2951:
2947:
2945:
2941:
2938:
2934:
2933:French Guiana
2930:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2917:
2913:
2912:
2910:
2908:
2904:
2898:
2894:
2892:
2888:
2886:
2882:
2880:
2876:
2874:
2870:
2868:
2864:
2862:
2858:
2856:
2852:
2850:
2846:
2844:
2840:
2838:
2834:
2832:
2828:
2826:
2822:
2820:
2816:
2814:
2810:
2808:
2804:
2802:
2798:
2796:
2792:
2790:
2786:
2784:
2780:
2778:
2774:
2772:
2768:
2766:
2762:
2760:
2756:
2754:
2750:
2748:
2744:
2742:
2738:
2736:
2732:
2730:
2726:
2724:
2720:
2718:
2714:
2712:
2708:
2706:
2705:Pas-de-Calais
2702:
2700:
2696:
2694:
2690:
2688:
2684:
2682:
2678:
2676:
2672:
2670:
2666:
2664:
2660:
2658:
2654:
2652:
2648:
2646:
2642:
2640:
2636:
2634:
2630:
2628:
2624:
2622:
2618:
2616:
2612:
2610:
2606:
2604:
2600:
2598:
2594:
2592:
2588:
2586:
2582:
2580:
2576:
2574:
2570:
2568:
2564:
2562:
2558:
2556:
2552:
2550:
2546:
2544:
2540:
2538:
2534:
2532:
2528:
2526:
2522:
2520:
2519:Haute-Garonne
2516:
2514:
2510:
2508:
2504:
2502:
2498:
2496:
2492:
2490:
2486:
2484:
2480:
2478:
2474:
2472:
2468:
2466:
2465:Côtes-d'Armor
2462:
2460:
2456:
2454:
2450:
2448:
2444:
2442:
2438:
2436:
2432:
2430:
2426:
2424:
2420:
2418:
2414:
2412:
2408:
2406:
2402:
2400:
2396:
2394:
2390:
2388:
2384:
2382:
2378:
2376:
2372:
2370:
2366:
2364:
2360:
2358:
2354:
2352:
2348:
2346:
2342:
2340:
2336:
2334:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2303:
2298:
2296:
2291:
2289:
2284:
2283:
2280:
2274:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2260:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2241:
2239:
2233:
2231:
2227:
2224:
2218:
2216:
2215:
2207:
2205:
2199:
2197:
2191:
2190:
2177:
2171:
2163:
2159:
2153:
2145:
2141:
2134:
2127:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2103:
2099:
2098:
2090:
2082:
2078:
2072:
2065:
2060:
2058:
2049:
2046:(in French).
2045:
2039:
2031:
2027:
2021:
2017:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1993:
1987:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1972:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1950:
1946:
1937:
1935:
1930:
1926:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1909:
1905:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1884:
1874:
1873:MediaWiki.org
1870:
1865:
1856:
1855:
1850:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1802:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1791:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1780:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1769:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1747:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1732:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1697:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1685:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1671:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1660:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1583:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1550:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1533:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1521:
1514:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1499:Michel Teston
1496:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1421:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1408:
1400:
1395:
1374:
1371:
1366:
1365:
1359:
1356:
1351:
1350:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1338:
1332:
1329:
1324:
1323:
1317:
1314:
1309:
1308:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1296:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1284:
1278:
1275:
1270:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1239:
1233:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1125:
1115:
1111:
1109:
1100:
1099:
1098:
1091:
1090:
1089:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1063:
1059:
1050:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
998:The mountains
997:
996:
995:
993:
983:
979:
977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
930:
925:
917:
909:
901:
892:
890:
886:
882:
878:
873:
871:
861:
857:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
834:
830:
819:
816:
812:
808:
802:
800:
796:
792:
788:
787:Pierre Durand
784:
780:
773:
769:
765:
763:
759:
755:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
708:
706:
702:
698:
695:, the future
694:
689:
685:
676:
672:
670:
666:
662:
658:
655:
651:
647:
643:
640:'s fusion of
639:
635:
631:
626:
624:
620:
616:
606:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
567:
565:
561:
557:
553:
545:
541:
537:
530:
529:Aven d'Orgnac
525:
511:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
476:
468:
464:
457:
451:
443:
434:
429:
428:
422:
419:
416:
414:
410:
407:
404:
402:
398:
395:
392:
390:
386:
383:
380:
376:
372:
370:
366:
362:
358:
355:
351:
345:
341:
337:
334:
332:
328:
324:
320:
317:
314:
310:
306:
302:
297:
293:
289:
284:
280:
276:
274:
271: •
269:
264:
261:
257:
254:
252:
250:
246:
243:
240:
238:
234:
231:
228:
226:
222:
219:
216:
214:
210:
205:
201:44.667; 4.417
177:Coordinates:
175:
168:
163:
153:
143:
135:
131:
127:
123:
111:
100:
89:
78:
74:
69:
63:
56:
47:
41:
37:
33:
19:
3003:
2981:
2970:
2936:
2925:
2891:Val-de-Marne
2849:Haute-Vienne
2777:Haute-Savoie
2579:Loir-et-Cher
2501:Eure-et-Loir
2447:Corse-du-Sud
2368:
2357:Hautes-Alpes
2324:Metropolitan
2270:(in English)
2258:
2248:
2235:(in English)
2220:(in English)
2213:
2170:
2161:
2152:
2143:
2133:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2113:
2106:. Retrieved
2101:
2096:
2089:
2080:
2071:
2038:
2029:
2020:
1973:
1954:
1931:
1927:
1910:
1906:
1893:
1891:
1512:
1509:Demographics
1503:Yves Chastan
1492:
1476:Fabrice Brun
1419:Constituency
1404:
1244:
1121:
1112:
1104:
1095:
1071:
1062:Hydrographic
1054:
1001:
989:
980:
933:
911:Cance Valley
881:his business
874:
866:
825:
803:
776:
714:
681:
627:
612:
585:, after the
568:
549:
543:
441:
440:
425:
378:Largest city
253:
156:Coat of arms
122:Chauvet Cave
40:
2801:Deux-Sèvres
2753:Haute-Saône
2711:Puy-de-Dôme
2645:Haute-Marne
2591:Haute-Loire
2453:Haute-Corse
2254:(in French)
2243:(in French)
2209:(in French)
2201:(in French)
2193:(in French)
2081:Le Monde.fr
1914:Rhône-Alpes
1869:Phabricator
1205:Saint-Péray
1038:. Here the
964:Haute-Loire
877:Marc Seguin
848:, bands of
799:dragonnades
717:John Calvin
697:Charles VII
256:Largentière
199: /
3020:Categories
2922:Martinique
2916:Guadeloupe
2897:Val-d'Oise
2012:References
1902:death rate
1898:birth rate
1343:New Centre
1078:limestones
1014:, and the
927:Cave near
889:phylloxera
842:guillotine
762:Louis XIII
630:Romanesque
615:Hungarians
581:, part of
500:prefecture
488:department
471:pronounced
299:Population
266:Government
237:Prefecture
126:Pont d'Arc
73:Department
2745:69D
2741:Haut-Rhin
2507:Finistère
2459:Côte-d'Or
2108:3 January
1894:Ardéchois
895:Geography
846:Directory
741:Huguenots
657:Conrad II
577:tribe of
562:and some
544:Baladunum
433:estuaries
331:Time zone
2907:Overseas
2895:95
2889:94
2883:93
2877:92
2871:91
2865:90
2859:89
2853:88
2847:87
2841:86
2835:85
2831:Vaucluse
2829:84
2823:83
2817:82
2811:81
2805:80
2799:79
2795:Yvelines
2793:78
2787:77
2781:76
2775:74
2769:73
2763:72
2757:71
2751:70
2739:68
2735:Bas-Rhin
2733:67
2727:66
2721:65
2715:64
2709:63
2703:62
2697:61
2691:60
2685:59
2679:58
2673:57
2669:Morbihan
2667:56
2661:55
2655:54
2649:53
2643:52
2637:51
2631:50
2625:49
2619:48
2613:47
2607:46
2601:45
2595:44
2589:43
2583:42
2577:41
2571:40
2565:39
2559:38
2553:37
2547:36
2541:35
2535:34
2529:33
2523:32
2517:31
2511:30
2505:29
2499:28
2493:27
2487:26
2481:25
2477:Dordogne
2475:24
2469:23
2463:22
2457:21
2451:2B
2445:2A
2439:19
2433:18
2427:17
2423:Charente
2421:16
2415:15
2411:Calvados
2409:14
2403:13
2397:12
2391:11
2385:10
2379:09
2375:Ardennes
2373:08
2367:07
2361:06
2355:05
2349:04
2343:03
2337:02
2331:01
2226:Archived
2178:. INSEE.
2162:Le SPLAF
1990:See also
1226:Politics
1136:Commune
1036:Atlantic
1020:volcanic
1004:granitic
952:Vaucluse
936:Vivarais
795:Dragoons
791:Camisard
737:burghers
733:mulberry
665:Urban II
646:Burgundy
642:Provence
623:Provence
603:martyred
595:Polycarp
542:(Latin:
413:Communes
32:Ardfheis
3026:Ardèche
2959:Special
2950:Mayotte
2944:Réunion
2873:Essonne
2675:Moselle
2651:Mayenne
2537:Hérault
2531:Gironde
2441:Corrèze
2399:Aveyron
2369:Ardèche
2066:, INSEE
1984:Corsica
1940:Culture
1922:Aubenas
1918:Annonay
1908:sites.
1886:source:
1871:and on
1840:325,157
1829:305,804
1818:286,023
1807:277,581
1796:267,970
1785:257,065
1774:256,927
1763:248,516
1752:249,077
1741:254,598
1730:272,698
1719:282,911
1708:294,308
1699:±% p.a.
1676:331,801
1665:353,564
1654:371,269
1643:376,867
1632:380,277
1621:388,529
1610:386,559
1599:364,416
1588:340,734
1577:304,339
1566:290,801
1555:266,656
1544:289,671
1535:±% p.a.
1409:in the
1185:Le Teil
1179:10,622
1169:10,756
1159:12,479
1155:Aubenas
1149:16,297
1145:Annonay
1124:Annonay
1108:mistral
1086:Joyeuse
1084:and of
1082:Aubenas
1008:Basalts
854:émigrés
850:Chouans
693:Dauphin
667:to the
652:to the
619:Saracen
575:Gaulish
571:Viviers
564:menhirs
560:dolmens
540:Balazuc
514:History
508:Annonay
496:Ardèche
486:) is a
484:Ardecha
480:Arpitan
467:Ardecha
463:Occitan
442:Ardèche
401:Cantons
382:Annonay
307:331,415
213:Country
184:44°40′N
130:Annonay
62:Occitan
55:Ardecha
50:Ardèche
18:Ardeche
2992:Former
2855:Vosges
2843:Vienne
2837:Vendée
2771:Savoie
2765:Sarthe
2681:Nièvre
2633:Manche
2621:Lozère
2603:Loiret
2573:Landes
2471:Creuse
2417:Cantal
2381:Ariège
2345:Allier
2116:Anycia
1934:Privas
1843:+0.62%
1832:+0.96%
1821:+0.33%
1810:+0.44%
1799:+0.60%
1788:+0.01%
1777:+0.56%
1766:−0.03%
1755:−0.27%
1744:−0.68%
1733:−0.73%
1722:−0.39%
1711:−1.19%
1679:−0.63%
1668:−0.49%
1657:−0.15%
1646:−0.10%
1635:−0.19%
1624:+0.05%
1613:+0.59%
1602:+0.67%
1591:+1.14%
1580:+0.30%
1569:+1.75%
1558:−0.82%
1495:Senate
1489:Senate
1425:Party
1422:Member
1266:Seats
1249:. The
1219:7,187
1209:7,580
1199:8,465
1195:Privas
1189:8,832
1128:Privas
1058:gorges
1012:Mézenc
960:Lozère
940:region
807:Joseph
721:Geneva
701:Valois
579:Helvii
504:Privas
502:is in
242:Privas
225:Region
218:France
187:4°25′E
58:
2978:Paris
2861:Yonne
2807:Somme
2747:Rhône
2663:Meuse
2639:Marne
2585:Loire
2561:Isère
2549:Indre
2489:Drôme
2483:Doubs
2339:Aisne
2100:[
1961:kayak
1957:canoe
1949:Ruoms
1263:Party
1074:Karst
1045:burle
1040:Loire
1028:magma
972:Isère
968:Loire
948:Drôme
929:Bidon
783:Marie
357:UTC+2
336:UTC+1
2998:975
2967:Lyon
2965:69M
2948:976
2942:974
2931:973
2920:972
2914:971
2813:Tarn
2699:Orne
2693:Oise
2687:Nord
2567:Jura
2525:Gers
2513:Gard
2495:Eure
2435:Cher
2393:Aude
2387:Aube
2110:2011
1959:and
1920:and
1837:2016
1826:2006
1815:1999
1804:1990
1793:1982
1782:1975
1771:1968
1760:1962
1749:1954
1738:1946
1727:1936
1716:1931
1705:1921
1694:Pop.
1690:Year
1673:1911
1662:1901
1651:1891
1640:1881
1629:1872
1618:1861
1607:1851
1596:1841
1585:1831
1574:1821
1563:1806
1552:1801
1541:1791
1530:Pop.
1526:Year
1501:and
1497:are
1024:lava
970:and
956:Gard
885:Lyon
809:and
785:and
777:The
644:and
617:and
527:The
361:CEST
316:73rd
286:Area
146:Flag
128:and
2976:75
2825:Var
2609:Lot
2333:Ain
2118:ou
1281:12
1088:).
942:of
719:in
699:of
589:at
490:in
418:335
350:DST
340:CET
3022::
2160:.
2142:.
2112:.
2079:.
2056:^
2028:.
1904:.
1505:.
1413::
1377:1
1362:1
1347:2
1335:2
1320:4
1305:5
1293:6
1060:.
978:.
966:,
962:,
958:,
954:,
950:,
856:.
671:.
510:.
482::
478:;
469:,
465::
461:;
427:^1
406:17
373:07
279:LR
124:,
2301:e
2294:t
2287:v
2164:.
2146:.
1875:.
1368:•
1353:•
1326:•
1311:•
1272:•
444:(
394:3
363:)
359:(
352:)
342:)
338:(
281:)
64:)
60:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
