527:
33:
1225:
133:
728:
Panamanian narcotics trade. He is credited with restoring confidence in the banking industry, reducing unemployment, and to addressing narcotrafficking and violent crime. His administration has faced criticism of influence by wealthy businessmen and the U.S. On
February 10, 1990, the Endara government abolished Panama's military and reformed the security apparatus by creating the Panamanian Public Forces.
251:
818:
laws were passed in 2001. Lawsuits against journalists continued; even
President Moscoso, along with Winston Spadafora, the former minister of government and justice and a current Supreme Court justice, filed a criminal defamation suit. In 2005, many of the 'gag laws' enacted under military rule in
892:
Juan Carlos Varela was the Panameñista Party's candidate once again for the 2014 general election. The election polls had him ranked third in a field of six candidates for almost the entire campaign period, but Varela ran a very good campaign with a steady and strong message that touched the most
727:
Endara is noted for staging a public hunger strike to call attention to poverty and homelessness left in the wake of the
Noriega years and destruction caused by the U.S. invasion. He visited then U.S. President George Bush, pressing for emergency relief aid and cooperative measures to curtail the
723:
The government of
Guillermo Endara designated the first anniversary of the U.S. invasion a "national day of reflection." On that day, hundreds of Panamanians marked the day with a "black march" through the streets of this capital to denounce the invasion and Endara's economic policies. Protesters
668:
Arnulfo Arias was elected president of the Panameñista Party three times and was deposed by the military each time. After his third ouster, in 1968, a small dissident group broke with Arias to support the military regime of
73:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
731:
Endara later distanced himself from the party due to differences of opinion with
Moscoso. He ran in the 2004 Panamanian presidential election as the candidate of the Solidarity Party. He finished second to
814:; in 1999 she signed a bill that mandated the submission of legislation to bring Panama's press laws in line with international standards by June 2000. This legislation was not forthcoming, but government
1063:
878:
However, the alliance had split by 2011, and a number of members from the Panameñista Party joined the
Democratic Change Party, leaving the Panameñista Party with a remnant of 12 legislative seats.
624:, who would be its face for the next half-century. In the early 1930s, he had begun promoting a nationalist doctrine called "Panameñismo" (Panamanianism), and this became the basis for the party.
875:
in 2009, winning 44 seats against 27 of the second-place coalition, with 2 other seats belonging to independents. A total of 22 legislative seats went specifically to the Panameñista Party.
893:
important issue for
Panamanians. On May 4, 2014, Juan Carlos Varela was elected President of Panama with a healthy 39% of the votes in what turned out to be a three-man race.
868:
810:
Moscoso included in her platform a pledge to work to repeal press restrictions dating to the
Torrijos era that criminalized criticism of public officials and permitted
673:. In return, the Torrijos regime allowed the dissidents to take over the party's registration. The main body, however, remained with Arias and renamed itself the
1210:
1459:
860:
to
President Martinelli. Former 1990's president Guillermo Endara placed a distant third with 2.3% of the vote as the official candidate for the new
617:
was also serving as Panama's ambassador to the United States, Fernández became acting president for three days until Boyd returned from
Washington.
76:
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
1359:
788:
At the 2004 elections, the party won 19.2% of the popular vote and 17 out of 78 seats. In presidential elections held the same day, its candidate,
1188:
1449:
1400:
695:
Arnulfo Arias would have been the party's candidate for president in 1989, but he died in 1988. He was succeeded as party leader by his widow,
957:
766:
in honor of its longtime leader. Party members had been called "Arnulfistas" for many years. It lost the 1994 presidential elections to the
591:
1089:
1203:
909:
197:
1130:
703:
as the coalition's presidential candidate. Opposition election showed a win for Endara by a 3-to-1 margin over Noriega's candidate,
169:
1315:
1076:"Foreign Relations of the United States, 1951, the United Nations; the Western Hemisphere, Volume II - Office of the Historian"
176:
1196:
578:
political party in Panama. It was the third largest party by number of adherents with 256,138 members (as of February 2016).
150:
1454:
1423:
1405:
1364:
861:
737:
1219:
554:
430:
707:, but those elections were nullified by Noriega on the grounds of "foreign interference." Noriega was overthrown in the
183:
815:
84:
1140:
1113:
757:
753:
261:
216:
97:
Content in this edit is translated from the existing Spanish Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
1390:
887:
828:
749:
708:
690:
165:
17:
1218:
440:
609:
The party first gained a measure of power in the 1936 elections, when Fernández became second vice-president in
1279:
853:
767:
154:
681:. By nearly all accounts, Arias would have won the 1984 presidential election had it been conducted honestly.
386:
610:
1395:
1247:
872:
505:
771:
699:. For the 1989 elections, the party was the main component of an anti-Noriega coalition, with the PPA's
1303:
1285:
1236:
1017:
849:
466:
1385:
190:
106:
45:
910:
https://www.tribunal-electoral.gob.pa/inscritos-en-partidos-politicos-hasta-el-23-de-marzo-de-2023/
782:
92:
1309:
1075:
1006:
789:
143:
662:
635:
1332:
1167:
1155:
984:
Pérez, Orlando J. (2000), "The Past as Prologue?: Political Parties in Post-Invasion Panama",
856:
who had formed its own three-party coalition. Varela, the Panameñista leader, became Panama's
778:
774:, acting as the main opposition party before regaining the presidency in 1999 under Moscoso.
587:
415:
394:
271:
113:
631:
1297:
1179:
602:, a nationalist organization that led a coup in early 1931 to protest the large amount of
586:
The party is the oldest continuously operating party in Panama. It was founded in 1931 by
8:
614:
559:
419:
1030:
1428:
845:
841:
549:
409:
733:
1136:
1109:
802:
On October 2, 2016, José Luis Varela was elected President of the Panameñista Party.
724:
echoed claims that 3,000 people had been killed as a result of U.S. military action.
712:
654:
88:
599:
353:
811:
700:
643:
1050:
1418:
1262:
1103:
526:
857:
696:
678:
1105:
Post-invasion Panama: The Challenges of Democratization in the New World Order
986:
Post-invasion Panama: The Challenges of Democratization in the New World Order
677:. Known by its Spanish acronym, "PPA," it was one of the leading opponents to
250:
1443:
670:
627:
621:
613:'s administration. Arosemena died in office in 1939. As First Vice-president
603:
704:
620:
By 1939, the party had been taken over by Harmodio Arias' younger brother,
658:
575:
364:
1014:
Partidos Políticos y Elecciones en Panamá: Un Enfoque Institucionalista
95:
to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
852:
party. With 60% of the vote, Martinelli went on to beat the incumbent
844:
was the candidate of the Panameñista Party, but eventually supported
132:
1036:
651:
399:
661:
factions). The only Prime Minister to be a member of the ARP was
650:) on 28 November 1947 (dissolved in 1951). It was described as a
606:
influence in Panama. Fernández was the party's first president.
539:
70:
1369:
1224:
837:
454:
450:
368:
777:
In 1994, a constitutional amendment permanently abolished the
1170:'Gag' laws lifted; same legislation includes new restrictions
1158:
Panamanian press restrictions and a victory for press freedom
665:, and even Arias and Palma switched parties in later life.
819:
the 1960s were repealed by new president Martin Torrijos.
711:
a few months later. The night before the invasion, in the
458:
799:(after the name it had a few decades earlier) in 2005.
946:(Third ed.), Oxford University Press, p. 248
848:
in a coalition of four parties, led by Martinelli's
781:, replacing it with a small paramilitary force (the
66:
1235:Bracketed numbers indicate numbers of seats in the
1032:
Has Panama seen the last of its outgoing president?
157:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
864:, after gaining 31% in the last elections (2004).
926:Americas Review: The Economic and Business Report
805:
792:, finished a poor third, with 16.4% of the vote.
1441:
715:, Endara was sworn in as president by a judge.
736:. In 2007, he founded his own political party
91:accompanying your translation by providing an
57:Click for important translation instructions.
44:expand this article with text translated from
1204:
795:The Arnulfista Party changed its name to the
581:
1460:International Democracy Union member parties
1360:Communist Party (Marxist–Leninist) of Panama
1004:
1401:Socialist Workers Front (Marxist–Leninist)
1211:
1197:
1090:"Special Warfare Area Handbook for Panama"
998:
919:
917:
937:
935:
217:Learn how and when to remove this message
923:
740:, but it was disbanded two years later.
684:
1349:in the National Assembly but have other
1316:Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement
1129:Leonard, Thomas M. (18 November 2014).
1128:
941:
914:
590:, a prominent newspaper publisher, and
14:
1442:
1353:representatives and PARLACEN deputies)
932:
834:Presidential and legislative elections
1450:Political parties established in 1932
1192:
983:
103:{{Translated|es|Partido Panameñista}}
1365:Independent Social Alternative Party
924:Chislett, William (2004), "Panama",
155:adding citations to reliable sources
126:
26:
1351:elected officials (district mayors,
762:In 1991, the party was renamed the
598:. Its membership largely came from
431:Center-Democratic Integration Group
24:
25:
1471:
1180:CIA - The World Factbook - Panama
881:
862:Fatherland's Moral Vanguard Party
822:
758:Panamanian general election, 2014
754:Panamanian general election, 2009
743:
738:Fatherland's Moral Vanguard Party
1406:Workers Party (Marxist–Leninist)
1391:Moral Vanguard of the Fatherland
1223:
888:2014 Panamanian general election
829:2009 Panamanian general election
750:2004 Panamanian general election
709:United States invasion of Panama
691:United States invasion of Panama
648:Partido Revolucionario Auténtico
525:
249:
131:
31:
1173:
1161:
1149:
1132:Historical Dictionary of Panama
1122:
1096:
1082:
1068:
1057:
1043:
944:Guide to Countries of the World
441:Union of Latin American Parties
142:needs additional citations for
1347:Parties without representation
1280:Democratic Revolutionary Party
1023:
992:
988:, Lexington Books, p. 129
977:
971:
950:
903:
854:Democratic Revolutionary Party
806:Moscoso and press restrictions
768:Democratic Revolutionary Party
101:You may also add the template
13:
1:
958:"Global Election Review 2019"
896:
871:coalition also dominated the
640:Authentic Revolutionary Party
492:Corregimiento Representatives
231:Political party in Panama
1135:. Rowman & Littlefield.
928:(21st ed.), p. 124
596:National Revolutionary Party
7:
1455:Political parties in Panama
1220:Political parties in Panama
1005:Brown Araúz, Harry (2009),
675:Authentic Panameñista Party
506:Central American Parliament
10:
1476:
1018:Friedrich Ebert Foundation
885:
867:Martinelli's and Varela's
826:
747:
718:
688:
582:Founding and early history
337:20 December 1935
291:28 November 1947
65:Machine translation, like
1424:List of political parties
1414:
1386:Broad Front for Democracy
1378:
1346:
1325:
1272:
1255:
1243:
1233:
1156:CPJ: Attacks on the Press
1108:. Lexington Books. 2000.
611:Juan Demóstenes Arosemena
600:Patriotic Communal Action
545:
538:
533:
524:
519:
503:
491:
479:
464:
446:
436:
426:
408:
385:
374:
359:
349:
333:
281:31 October 1931
277:
267:
257:
248:
236:
46:the corresponding article
1396:People's Party of Panama
783:Panamanian Public Forces
772:Ernesto Pérez Balladares
770:(PRD) administration of
311:15 August 1991
942:Stalker, Peter (2010),
437:Continental affiliation
410:Political position
112:For more guidance, see
1326:Independent group (20)
647:
363:Ave. Perú y Calle 37,
1007:"Partido Panameñista"
685:Opposition to Noriega
395:National conservatism
272:Harmodio Arias Madrid
114:Knowledge:Translation
85:copyright attribution
1298:Another Way Movement
663:Alcibíades Arosemena
636:Alcibíades Arosemena
427:Regional affiliation
151:improve this article
1244:Parties represented
1051:"Partidos Miembros"
869:Alliance for Change
615:Augusto Samuel Boyd
262:José Isabel Blandón
242:Partido Panameñista
166:"Panameñista Party"
1429:Politics of Panama
1064:Tribunal Electoral
967:. 2019. p. 4.
846:Ricardo Martinelli
842:Juan Carlos Varela
790:José Miguel Alemán
779:military of Panama
632:Manuel Solís Palma
592:Ezequiel Fernández
550:Politics of Panama
508:(Panamanian seats)
301:February 1983
93:interlanguage link
1437:
1436:
1342:
1341:
1292:Panameñista Party
1286:Democratic Change
1248:National Assembly
1237:National Assembly
1182:'09 election date
873:National Assembly
850:Democratic Change
797:Panameñista Party
572:Panameñista Party
568:
567:
555:Political parties
467:National Assembly
321:January 2005
239:Panameñista Party
227:
226:
219:
201:
125:
124:
58:
54:
16:(Redirected from
1467:
1253:
1252:
1228:
1227:
1213:
1206:
1199:
1190:
1189:
1183:
1177:
1171:
1165:
1159:
1153:
1147:
1146:
1126:
1120:
1119:
1100:
1094:
1093:
1086:
1080:
1079:
1072:
1066:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1047:
1041:
1040:
1027:
1021:
1020:
1011:
1002:
996:
990:
989:
981:
975:
969:
968:
962:
954:
948:
947:
939:
930:
929:
921:
912:
907:
840:on May 3, 2009.
812:prior censorship
764:Arnulfista Party
701:Guillermo Endara
540:panamenistas.org
529:
514:
498:
486:
474:
422:
378:
350:Preceded by
344:
342:
328:
326:
318:
316:
308:
306:
298:
296:
288:
286:
253:
234:
233:
222:
215:
211:
208:
202:
200:
159:
135:
127:
104:
98:
71:Google Translate
56:
52:
35:
34:
27:
21:
18:Arnulfista Party
1475:
1474:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1466:
1465:
1464:
1440:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1419:Politics portal
1410:
1379:Defunct parties
1374:
1352:
1350:
1348:
1338:
1321:
1273:Opposition (38)
1268:
1263:Realizing Goals
1256:Government (13)
1245:
1239:
1229:
1222:
1217:
1187:
1186:
1178:
1174:
1166:
1162:
1154:
1150:
1143:
1127:
1123:
1116:
1102:
1101:
1097:
1088:
1087:
1083:
1074:
1073:
1069:
1062:
1058:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1029:
1028:
1024:
1009:
1003:
999:
993:
982:
978:
972:
960:
956:
955:
951:
940:
933:
922:
915:
908:
904:
899:
890:
884:
831:
825:
808:
760:
748:Main articles:
746:
734:Martín Torrijos
721:
693:
687:
584:
564:
515:
512:
499:
496:
487:
484:
480:District Mayors
475:
472:
414:
404:
376:
340:
338:
324:
322:
320:
314:
312:
310:
304:
302:
300:
294:
292:
290:
284:
282:
244:
243:
240:
232:
223:
212:
206:
203:
160:
158:
148:
136:
121:
120:
119:
102:
96:
59:
36:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1473:
1463:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1409:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1382:
1380:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1356:
1354:
1344:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1337:
1336:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1322:
1320:
1319:
1313:
1310:Alliance Party
1307:
1304:People's Party
1301:
1295:
1289:
1283:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1259:
1257:
1250:
1241:
1240:
1234:
1231:
1230:
1216:
1215:
1208:
1201:
1193:
1185:
1184:
1172:
1160:
1148:
1141:
1121:
1114:
1095:
1081:
1067:
1056:
1042:
1022:
997:
991:
976:
970:
949:
931:
913:
901:
900:
898:
895:
886:Main article:
883:
882:2014 elections
880:
858:vice president
827:Main article:
824:
823:2009 elections
821:
807:
804:
745:
744:Recent history
742:
720:
717:
697:Mireya Moscoso
689:Main article:
686:
683:
679:Manuel Noriega
588:Harmodio Arias
583:
580:
566:
565:
563:
562:
557:
552:
546:
543:
542:
536:
535:
531:
530:
522:
521:
517:
516:
511:
509:
501:
500:
495:
493:
489:
488:
483:
481:
477:
476:
471:
469:
462:
461:
448:
444:
443:
438:
434:
433:
428:
424:
423:
412:
406:
405:
403:
402:
397:
391:
389:
383:
382:
379:
372:
371:
361:
357:
356:
354:Acción Comunal
351:
347:
346:
335:
331:
330:
279:
275:
274:
269:
265:
264:
259:
255:
254:
246:
245:
241:
238:
237:
230:
225:
224:
139:
137:
130:
123:
122:
118:
117:
110:
99:
77:
74:
63:
60:
41:
40:
39:
37:
30:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1472:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1416:
1413:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1377:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1345:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1328:
1324:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1271:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1242:
1238:
1232:
1226:
1221:
1214:
1209:
1207:
1202:
1200:
1195:
1194:
1191:
1181:
1176:
1169:
1164:
1157:
1152:
1144:
1142:9780810878358
1138:
1134:
1133:
1125:
1117:
1115:9780739101209
1111:
1107:
1106:
1099:
1091:
1085:
1077:
1071:
1065:
1060:
1052:
1046:
1038:
1034:
1033:
1026:
1019:
1015:
1008:
1001:
995:
987:
980:
974:
966:
965:Solace Global
959:
953:
945:
938:
936:
927:
920:
918:
911:
906:
902:
894:
889:
879:
876:
874:
870:
865:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
836:were held in
835:
830:
820:
817:
813:
803:
800:
798:
793:
791:
786:
784:
780:
775:
773:
769:
765:
759:
755:
751:
741:
739:
735:
729:
725:
716:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
692:
682:
680:
676:
672:
671:Omar Torrijos
666:
664:
660:
656:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
628:Arnulfo Arias
625:
623:
618:
616:
612:
607:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
579:
577:
573:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
547:
544:
541:
537:
532:
528:
523:
518:
510:
507:
504:Seats in the
502:
494:
490:
482:
478:
470:
468:
465:Seats in the
463:
460:
456:
452:
449:
445:
442:
439:
435:
432:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
411:
407:
401:
398:
396:
393:
392:
390:
388:
384:
380:
373:
370:
366:
362:
358:
355:
352:
348:
336:
332:
280:
276:
273:
270:
266:
263:
260:
256:
252:
247:
235:
229:
221:
218:
210:
207:November 2008
199:
196:
192:
189:
185:
182:
178:
175:
171:
168: –
167:
163:
162:Find sources:
156:
152:
146:
145:
140:This article
138:
134:
129:
128:
115:
111:
108:
100:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
75:
72:
68:
64:
62:
61:
55:
49:
47:
42:You can help
38:
29:
28:
19:
1333:Independents
1291:
1175:
1163:
1151:
1131:
1124:
1104:
1098:
1084:
1070:
1059:
1045:
1039:, 3 May 2014
1031:
1025:
1013:
1000:
994:
985:
979:
973:
964:
952:
943:
925:
905:
891:
877:
866:
833:
832:
809:
801:
796:
794:
787:
776:
763:
761:
730:
726:
722:
705:Carlos Duque
694:
674:
667:
657:party (with
639:
638:founded the
626:
619:
608:
595:
585:
571:
569:
416:Centre-right
360:Headquarters
228:
213:
204:
194:
187:
180:
173:
161:
149:Please help
144:verification
141:
89:edit summary
80:
53:(March 2017)
51:
43:
659:centre-left
576:nationalist
375:Membership
365:Panama City
1444:Categories
897:References
816:disclosure
713:Canal Zone
520:Party flag
420:right-wing
341:1935-12-20
334:Registered
315:1991-08-15
295:1947-11-28
285:1931-10-31
177:newspapers
48:in Spanish
560:Elections
258:President
107:talk page
1037:BBC News
655:centrist
652:big tent
604:American
400:Populism
387:Ideology
83:provide
1246:in the
1092:. 1962.
719:Postwar
644:Spanish
622:Arnulfo
594:as the
534:Website
497:0 / 702
485:22 / 81
447:Colours
381:252,254
339: (
325:2005-01
323: (
313: (
305:1983-02
303: (
293: (
283: (
278:Founded
268:Founder
191:scholar
105:to the
87:in the
50:.
1370:MLN-29
1139:
1112:
838:Panama
756:; and
513:1 / 20
473:8 / 71
455:Yellow
451:Purple
377:(2023)
369:Panama
309:, PPA
289:, PNR
193:
186:
179:
172:
164:
1010:(PDF)
961:(PDF)
574:is a
345:, PNR
319:, PA
299:, PR
198:JSTOR
184:books
67:DeepL
1335:(20)
1282:(13)
1265:(13)
1137:ISBN
1110:ISBN
634:and
570:The
329:, PP
170:news
81:must
79:You
1318:(1)
1312:(2)
1306:(2)
1300:(3)
1294:(8)
1288:(8)
1168:CPJ
785:).
459:Red
418:to
153:by
69:or
1446::
1035:,
1016:,
1012:,
963:.
934:^
916:^
752:;
646::
630:,
457:,
453:,
367:,
1212:e
1205:t
1198:v
1145:.
1118:.
1078:.
1053:.
642:(
343:)
327:)
317:)
307:)
297:)
287:)
220:)
214:(
209:)
205:(
195:·
188:·
181:·
174:·
147:.
116:.
109:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.