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turf with infill, meant to mimic natural grass more than the older products. This third-generation turf, as it became known, changed the landscape of the marketplace. Although SRI successfully marketed AstroPlay, a third-generation turf product, increased competition gave way to lawsuits. In 2000,
281:
In 2009, TMA acquired GSV to enter the marketplace as a direct seller. AstroTurf, LLC focused its efforts on research and development, which has promoted rapid growth. AstroTurf introduced new product features and installation methods, including AstroFlect (a heat-reduction technology) and field
277:
Despite their legal victory, increased competition took its toll. In 2004, SRI declared bankruptcy. Out of the bankruptcy proceedings, Textile
Management Associates, Inc. (TMA) of Dalton, Georgia, acquired the AstroTurf brand and other assets. TMA began marketing the AstroTurf brand under the
251:, as AstroTurf Industries, Inc. In 1988, Balsam AG purchased all the capital stock of AstroTurf Industries, Inc. In 1994, Southwest Recreational Industries, Inc. (SRI) acquired the AstroTurf brand. In 1996, SRI was acquired by American Sports Products Group Inc.
945:
278:
company AstroTurf, LLC. In 2006, General Sports Venue (GSV) became TMA's marketing partner for the AstroTurf brand for the
American market. AstroTurf, LLC handled the marketing of AstroTurf in the rest of the world.
263:
SRI was awarded $ 1.5 million in a lawsuit after FieldTurf was deemed to have lied to the public by making false statements regarding its own product and making false claims about AstroTurf and AstroPlay products.
285:
In 2016, SportGroup
Holding announced that it would purchase AstroTurf, along with its associated manufacturing facilities. The AstroTurf brand has operated since then in North America as AstroTurf Corporation.
235:
Early iterations of the short-pile turf swept many major stadiums, but the product did need improvement. Concerns over directionality and traction led
Monsanto's R&D department to implement a texturized
428:. In keeping with studio instructions, no direct mention of the war in Vietnam appeared in the script. The scene in which the installation takes place was ultimately cut, so never appeared in the series.
953:
224:
in 1964. It was patented in 1965 and originally sold under the name "ChemGrass." It was rebranded as AstroTurf by company employee John A. Wortmann after its first well-publicized use at the
564:. The dissident was tackled by security seconds after he had landed his first punch on Castro. Castro suffered only minor injuries; the dissident was believed to have been executed.
282:
prefabrication (indoor, climate-controlled inlaying). AstroTurf also introduced a product called "RootZone" consisting of crimped fibers designed to encapsulate infill.
1212:
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728:, between the Philadelphia Phillies and Toronto Blue Jays, was the fourth World Series to be played entirely on artificial turf, following those in
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on AstroTurf (the first Super Bowl played on the surface, but not the first to be played on artificial turf; that was Super Bowl V (in 1971) with
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to lay the turf was owned by his college roommate, who had just started a landscaping business after returning from a combat tour in the
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196:-based SportGroup, a family of sports surfacing companies, which itself is owned by the investment firm Equistone Partners Europe.
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582:(later Ralph Wilson Stadium, and then Highmark Stadium) opens in Orchard Park, New York, with an AstroTurf playing surface.
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While AstroTurf was the industry leader throughout the late 20th century, other companies emerged in the early 2000s.
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system. By imparting a crimped texture to the nylon after it was extruded, the product became highly uniform.
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560:, is attacked by a young dissident while opening an Astro Turf pitch at a sports centre in the outskirts of
416:'s kennel is covered with AstroTurf. According to script development notes, the installation firm hired by
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753:(Spain) becomes the first European football club to purchase an AstroTurf system for their practice fields.
702:
360:. The infield portion was in place before opening day in April; the outfield was installed in early summer.
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1090:"SportGroup Holding Purchases AstroTurf, SYNLawn, and Associated Manufacturing Operations | | AstroTurf"
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This article is about the artificial grass. For the marketing and political campaigning practice, see
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News & Events – SRI Sports – International – Field, Track, Indoor, Tennis
Systems & Services
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1227:"Socio-cultural Analysis: The Brady Bunch | Social History of Television: Charlotte Hudnutt"
112:
102:
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In 1987, Monsanto consolidated its AstroTurf management, marketing, and technical activities in
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The original AstroTurf brand product was invented by James M. Faria and Robert T. Wright at
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Elbert, Donald L. and Wright, Robert T. (1969) "Pigmented fiber-forming nylon composition"
379:
290:
248:
216:. The original, experimental installation was inside the Waughhtel-Howe Field House at the
173:
77:
1334:
1312:
1213:"The exterior vs. the interior of the Brady Bunch house and architecture in TV and movies"
8:
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553:(now Kauffman Stadium) open in Kansas City, Missouri, with AstroTurf playing surfaces.
258:, AstroTurf's chief competitor since the early 2000s, marketed a product of tall-pile
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In August 2021, AstroTurf became the official supplier of artificial turf to the
273:
in Texas, utilizing an older-style AstroTurf surface that has since been replaced
266:
244:
169:
73:
916:
Elbert, Donald L. (1968) "Synthetic turf products having variable blade widths"
798:
Faria, James M. and Wright, Robert T. (1965) "Monofilament ribbon pile product"
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33:
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184:. Since the early 2000s, AstroTurf has marketed taller pile systems that use
83:
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is the first with games on AstroTurf (previously installed at
Cincinnati's
457:
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259:
20:
822:
468:
1698:
421:
232:. Donald L. Elbert patented two methods to improve the product in 1971.
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44:
1116:"United Soccer League Announces Multi-Year Partnership with AstroTurf"
1842:
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systems in Ewing, New Jersey, at
Trenton State College (now known as
601:
318:
255:
225:
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The first international field hockey game is played on AstroTurf at
481:
437:
213:
181:
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1384:
946:"Southwest Recreational Industries, Inc. Reaffirms Jury Decision"
641:
The
Philadelphia Phillies and Kansas City Royals play the entire
193:
673:
The St. Louis
Cardinals and Kansas City Royals play the entire
561:
294:
873:"Gallery: First Experimental Artificial Grass Field Installed"
237:
1377:
687:
The St. Louis
Cardinals and Minnesota Twins play the entire
701:
The first E-Layer system (Elastomeric) is installed at the
189:
1245:"A Very Brady Post: 6 Secrets from The Brady Bunch Vault"
352:
First major installation of AstroTurf (ChemGrass) at the
145:
297:
leagues at the second, third, and fourth tiers of the
768:
766:
412:
house between the service porch and garage and under
1113:
370:
AstroTurf is first installed in an outdoor stadium—
763:
2642:
476:lining up for a play (on AstroTurf) against the
342:in Providence, Rhode Island, installs ChemGrass.
317:AstroTurf (pictured in the outfield) inside the
176:in sports. The original AstroTurf product was a
1400:
976:"SRI's bankruptcy puts customers on new turf"
655:AstroTurf installs the first North American
192:. In 2016, AstroTurf became a subsidiary of
321:during a June 7, 1969, contest between the
1407:
1393:
776:. AstroTurf. 19 April 2016. Archived from
501:), as the Reds play the Baltimore Orioles.
392:AstroTurf manufacturing facility opens in
32:
519:install AstroTurf at their home stadium,
844:"AstroTurf Sale to SportGroup Finalized"
467:
448:
436:
312:
265:
203:
1679:The Bad News Bears in Breaking Training
1263:"1970 World Series by Baseball Almanac"
2643:
1177:"How did Astroturf Become so Popular?"
1114:USLSoccer com Staff (30 August 2021).
2192:
1388:
885:
1716:Resurrection: The J.R. Richard Story
879:
305:of the U.S. women's soccer pyramid.
1317:The College of New Jersey Athletics
1107:
180:synthetic turf invented in 1965 by
13:
1414:
1299:"Percival Molson Memorial Stadium"
1066:. 29 November 2016. Archived from
707:University of California, Berkeley
445:in St. Louis (photo taken in 1975)
14:
2672:
1369:
523:, in preparation for hosting the
2193:
952:. 8 January 2001. Archived from
691:on AstroTurf in their ballparks.
677:on AstroTurf in their ballparks.
645:on AstroTurf in their ballparks.
525:Grey Cup game the following year
1348:
1323:
1305:
1291:
1269:
1255:
1237:
1219:
1205:
1187:
1169:
1151:
1143:. astroturf.com. Archived from
1133:
1082:
1052:
1030:
1008:
986:
968:
153:Footnotes / references
1593:CACTI Park of the Palm Beaches
1141:"History Timeline | AstroTurf"
994:"History Timeline – AstroTurf"
938:
924:
910:
865:
836:
807:
792:
188:materials to better replicate
1:
1755:1980 NL West tie-breaker game
1520:Opening Day starting pitchers
757:
703:College of William & Mary
2167:Houston Astros Radio Network
1649:"Deep in the Heart of Texas"
1277:"Turf Talk with Archie Pt.1"
850:. 2016-08-20. Archived from
821:. 2016-05-16. Archived from
168:of SportGroup that produces
7:
2651:Products introduced in 1964
56:; 60 years ago
10:
2677:
1686:Murder at the World Series
1360:February 25, 2007, at the
199:
18:
2586:
2515:
2448:
2381:
2314:
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2199:
2188:
2144:
2069:
2028:
1932:
1886:
1863:
1834:
1813:
1747:
1606:
1565:
1540:
1533:
1458:
1424:
661:The College of New Jersey
299:U.S. men's soccer pyramid
151:
141:
131:
127:Equistone Partners Europe
123:
90:
68:
50:
40:
31:
2114:Fayetteville Woodpeckers
2084:Sugar Land Space Cowboys
1659:Shriners College Classic
1331:"Marshall Press Release"
886:Weeks, Jennifer (2015).
713:
630:
460:playing on AstroTurf at
432:
376:Indiana State University
308:
222:Providence, Rhode Island
16:Brand of artificial turf
2159:Space City Home Network
1515:First-round draft picks
980:Austin Business Journal
441:AstroTurf installed at
356:indoor stadium for the
1805:MLB Mexico City Series
1800:World Series no-hitter
1770:24 straight curveballs
1765:Chris Burke's home run
1587:Osceola County Stadium
892:Distillations Magazine
484:
465:
446:
329:
274:
209:
1780:Sign stealing scandal
1510:Owners and executives
1201:on December 12, 2010.
801:U.S. patent 3,332,828
471:
452:
440:
426:18th Engineer Brigade
316:
271:UFCU Disch–Falk Field
269:
208:Close-up of astroturf
207:
2094:Corpus Christi Hooks
2029:Wild card titles (4)
1933:Division titles (14)
1120:United Soccer League
933:U.S. patent 3565910A
919:U.S. patent 3573147A
804:assigned to Monsanto
780:on 23 September 2020
291:United Soccer League
1887:League pennants (5)
1821:Los Angeles Dodgers
1251:. November 5, 2008.
1249:www.mentalfloss.com
1147:on January 4, 2014.
517:Hamilton Tiger-Cats
327:St. Louis Cardinals
28:
2104:Asheville Tourists
1795:"We Want Houston!"
1790:18 shutout innings
1644:Continental League
1582:Cocoa Expo Stadium
556:Dictator of Cuba,
547:Kansas City Royals
539:Kansas City Chiefs
521:Ivor Wynne Stadium
499:Riverfront Stadium
485:
474:Indianapolis Colts
466:
462:Riverfront Stadium
447:
340:Moses Brown School
330:
275:
218:Moses Brown School
210:
26:
2638:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2134:DSL Astros Orange
1866:Championships (2)
1847:General Manager:
1739:Darryl Kile Award
1639:Big Bamboo Lounge
1602:
1601:
1550:Houston Astrodome
1440:Houston Colt .45s
1215:. April 29, 2012.
1195:"About AstroTurf"
1159:"Topic Galleries"
956:on 10 August 2014
726:1993 World Series
705:, as well as the
689:1987 World Series
675:1985 World Series
657:vertical drainage
643:1980 World Series
612:, Houston, Texas.
598:Minnesota Vikings
543:Arrowhead Stadium
495:1970 World Series
478:Green Bay Packers
354:Houston Astrodome
319:Houston Astrodome
226:Houston Astrodome
159:
158:
2668:
2208:
2190:
2189:
2148:
2073:
1672:Brewster McCloud
1570:
1568:Spring training:
1556:Minute Maid Park
1538:
1537:
1462:
1449:
1433:
1418:
1409:
1402:
1395:
1386:
1385:
1381:
1380:
1378:Official website
1364:
1352:
1346:
1345:
1343:
1342:
1333:. Archived from
1327:
1321:
1320:
1313:"Lions' Stadium"
1309:
1303:
1302:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1283:. Archived from
1273:
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1266:
1259:
1253:
1252:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1223:
1217:
1216:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1197:. Archived from
1191:
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1173:
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1155:
1149:
1148:
1137:
1131:
1130:
1128:
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1111:
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1102:
1101:
1092:. Archived from
1086:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1056:
1050:
1049:
1044:. Archived from
1038:"Prefabrication"
1034:
1028:
1027:
1022:. Archived from
1012:
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1005:
1000:. Archived from
990:
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983:
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796:
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789:
787:
785:
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751:Real Madrid C.F.
578:' home field of
406:The backyard of
372:Memorial Stadium
228:stadium in
174:playing surfaces
116:
106:
64:
62:
57:
36:
29:
25:
2676:
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2656:Artificial turf
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2582:
2511:
2444:
2377:
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2249:
2206:
2195:
2184:
2146:
2140:
2129:DSL Astros Blue
2071:
2065:
2024:
1928:
1882:
1865:
1859:
1830:
1809:
1743:
1699:"The Hot Tub" (
1598:
1566:
1561:
1529:
1470:Expansion Draft
1460:
1454:
1447:
1431:
1428:Established in
1420:
1416:
1413:
1376:
1375:
1372:
1367:
1362:Wayback Machine
1353:
1349:
1340:
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1296:
1292:
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1231:blogs.lt.vt.edu
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1070:on 24 June 2016
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875:. 20 June 2016.
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633:
606:Super Bowl VIII
480:in 2004 at the
454:Cincinnati Reds
435:
409:The Brady Bunch
394:Dalton, Georgia
311:
202:
170:artificial turf
164:is an American
155:
119:
110:
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55:
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12:
11:
5:
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2661:Houston Astros
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2207:1960 · 1961 ·
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2015:
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1777:
1775:Houston Strong
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1744:
1742:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1723:"Holy Toledo!"
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260:polyethylene
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161:
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99:Heard Smith
69:Headquarters
41:Company type
21:Astroturfing
888:"Turf Wars"
774:"Ownership"
626:, Montreal.
422:Vietnam War
380:Terre Haute
303:second tier
2645:Categories
2180:Geoff Blum
2175:Todd Kalas
2171:Announcers
2124:FCL Astros
2110:Single-A:
2090:Double-A:
2080:Triple-A:
1855:Joe Espada
1849:Dana Brown
1760:Killer B's
1693:Night Game
1629:Tal's Hill
1490:No-hitters
1341:2007-02-04
1281:FOX Sports
1100:2016-07-12
1060:"RootZone"
898:(3): 34–37
858:2017-05-30
829:2017-05-30
784:9 February
758:References
456:shortstop
418:Mike Brady
293:, who run
178:short-pile
166:subsidiary
137:SportGroup
92:Key people
45:Subsidiary
1984:AL West:
1939:NL West:
1853:Manager:
1843:Jim Crane
1814:Rivalries
1785:"Altuve!"
1665:Ball Four
1614:AstroTurf
1534:Ballparks
1461:Franchise
1444:Based in
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1125:30 August
848:AstroTurf
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602:Poly-Turf
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545:and the
482:RCA Dome
301:and the
214:Monsanto
182:Monsanto
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1709:Boyhood
1607:Culture
1500:Players
1485:Records
1480:Seasons
1475:History
1074:27 June
960:27 June
249:Georgia
200:History
142:Website
78:Georgia
59: (
51:Founded
2072:Minors
1495:Awards
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562:Havana
295:soccer
245:Dalton
194:German
186:infill
133:Parent
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2449:2000s
2382:1990s
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2254:1970s
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2163:Radio
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631:1980s
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309:1960s
238:nylon
124:Owner
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