444:, a natural clay earth pigment mixed with water. The cloth is tied from the areas not to be dyed. The process requires patience, expertise and meticulousness on part of the artist. The folds of the material within the small motif have to be lifted and tied together. The material with the first set of ties is dyed yellow. The material is again tied and dyed into red or green. The artist moves from lighter to darker shades and the use of more and varied colours makes the process complicated. If the border has to be darker all the lighter parts are tied and covered with plastic foil and the edges are dyed with the required colors. Repeated tying and dyeing produces elaborate designs. The designs may run into a single motif and or a combination of large and small motif alternating in some order.
172:
22:
542:
527:
996:
566:
184:
196:
491:
503:
273:
time of Bana Bhatt's
Harshacharita in a royal marriage. It was believed that wearing a Bandhani saree can bring good future to a bride. Ajanta walls stand for the evidences of these Bandhani sarees. The dyers have experimented with the use of different elements both natural and man-made for ages. Also, there are experiments with different binding/tying techniques to create patterns on cloth immersed in containers of dye. Different types of tie and dyes have been practiced in India.
208:
in
Bandhana are yellow, red, blue, green and black. Each colour is traditionally tied to specific cultural meaning. Red is a symbol of marriage and is connected to rituals of married women, yellow stands for spring and is connected to both the season and childbirth, saffron is the colour of renouncer of the world and connects with warriors ready to give up their life in war or to yogis who give up worldly life, black and maroon are used for mourning.
84:
554:
282:
515:
256:
process of
Bandhani is carried out extensively in this city, as the water of this area is known to give a particular brightness to colours, specifically reds and maroons. As with other Indian textiles, in Bandhani too different colours convey different meanings. People believe that red is an auspicious colour for brides.
207:
The art of
Bandhani is a highly skilled process. The technique involves dyeing a fabric which is tied tightly with a thread at several points, thus producing a variety of patterns like Chandrakala, Bavan Baug, Shikari etcetera; depending on the manner in which the cloth is tied. The main colour used
366:
Bandhani, one of the oldest known methods of tie-dyeing, is still widely practiced in western India today. The fabric is made by pinching very small portions of cloth and tying them by plucking the cloth with the fingernails into many tiny bindings that form a figurative design to form an intricate
349:
etc. They are considere prized possessions of married women and are mostly essential part of traditional bridal trousseau. In
Rajasthan and Gujarat, Bandhani fabrics are very popular with men and women but bandhani saree from a ritual necessity for married women for many ceremonies. Many Gujarati
272:
can be seen in the 6th century paintings depicting the life of Buddha found on the wall of Cave at Ajanta. This art finds its mentions in the
Alexander the great time texts about the beautiful printed cottons of India. As per evidences in Historical Texts, the first Bandhani saree was worn at the
251:
Bandhani work is also done in
Rajasthan, where different colours and designs are used than the Kutch and Saurashtra regions of Gujarat. Establishments of varying sizes in the entire Kutch belt in Gujarat produce many varieties of Bandhani. This Bandhani style is called as the Kutchi Bandhani. The
255:
Bandhani tying is often a family trade, and the women of these families work at home to tie patterns. Pethapur, Mandavi, Bhuj, Anjar, Jetpur, Jamnagar, Rajkot, are some of the main towns in
Gujarat, where Bandhani is created. The city of Bhuj in Gujarat is well known for its red Bandhani. Dyeing
247:
In
Gujarat, the Bandhani work has been exclusively carried out by the Khatri community of Kutchh and Saurashtra. A meter length of cloth can have thousands of tiny knots known as 'Bheendi' in the local language ('Gujarati'). These knots form a design once opened after dyeing in bright colours.
439:
Mulmul (fine muslin), handloom or silk cloth were the traditional choices but now chiffon, georgette and crepe are also being used as base fabrics for
Bandhani. This cloth is washed to remove traces of starch, and then bleached to attain a clear base. It is then folded into two or four layers
143:, Bandhni, Piliya, and Chungidi in Tamil and regional dialects. Other tying techniques include Mothra, Ekdali and Shikari depending on the manner in which the cloth is tied. The final products are known with various names including Khombi, Ghar Chola, Patori and Chandrokhani.
358:
literally means "robe for home", in ritual parlance, it means "attire for the new home or the home of the husband" and is usually a gift to the bride form her mother-in-law. In Rajasthan, during pregnancy or childbirth, the natal home gifts the women
211:
As Bandhani is a tie and dye process, dying is done by hand and hence best colours and combinations are possible in Bandhanis. There are two types of dyeing traditionally categorised according to durability of colours -
236:
colours. The main colours used in Bandhana are natural. T H Hendley, writing in the 19th century, provided the organic sources of the colours used for Bandhani, Most of them like the red ( both
252:
bold patterns of Bandhani are very similar in design, motifs, and technique in the desert belt encompassing northern Kutch in Gujarat, Western Rajasthan, and Sindh even in Pakistan.
432:
are tightly tied, and the rest of the fabric is dyed in multiple stages. This leaves the knots undyed and hence a beautiful flower-like pattern appears all over the cloth as a
101:
decorated by plucking the cloth with the fingernails into many tiny bindings that form a figurative design. Today, most Bandhani making centers are situated in
248:
Traditionally, the final products can be classified into 'khombhi', 'Ghar Chola', 'Chandrakhani', 'Shikari', 'Chowkidaar', 'Ambadaal' and other categories.
228:
technique was considered to be suitable for old people. The finest and most complicated patterns, whether for men's turbans or women's drapes called
798:
764:
1204:
139:
can be seen in the 6th century paintings depicting the life of Buddha found on the wall of Cave at Ajanta. Bandhani is also known as
440:
depending on the thickness of the cloth. A designer marks the layout of the pattern on the material using wooden blocks dipped in
808:
774:
751:
674:
640:
606:
297:. As per the region of manufacturing the patterns of Bandhej saree may vary. Fine varieties of Bandhej are created in
736:
701:
662:
65:
43:
36:
865:
379:
small knots and dyeing them in different colours to produce beautiful patterns. This tying was normally done with
1317:
630:
594:
1307:
1282:
717:
565:
1287:
541:
526:
367:
pattern of dots. The cloth is then placed into different dye vats to form bright and beautiful colors.
268:
suggest that dyeing was done as early as 4000 B.C. The earliest example of the most pervasive type of
1148:
265:
132:
673:
Nasreen Askari, Liz Arthur, Paisley Museum and Art Galleries Merrell Holberton, (1999) Uncut cloth
1302:
1297:
1292:
1251:
1199:
30:
553:
135:
where dyeing was done as early as 4000 B.C. The earliest example of the most pervasive type of
47:
490:
1312:
938:
726:
691:
224:
technique was the more preferred one as the colours could be refreshed again and again while
171:
825:
858:
8:
502:
363:
It is a combination of yellow base with a broad red border with bandhani pattern on it.
1078:
1057:
244:), indigo were derived from flowers while yellow by mixing turmeric with buttermilk.
1128:
1118:
804:
770:
732:
697:
636:
602:
995:
1183:
1158:
395:
346:
318:
1037:
851:
463:
123:
514:
1225:
1178:
310:
955:
1277:
1271:
1173:
1083:
943:
289:
Bandhej saree which is also known as "Bandhani saree" is specially found in
183:
140:
114:
195:
1256:
1143:
1052:
1027:
376:
1098:
1088:
1032:
1017:
948:
380:
1168:
1138:
1042:
974:
118:
83:
1235:
914:
417:
384:
322:
294:
106:
1113:
1093:
1022:
921:
453:
314:
298:
156:
983:
1230:
1163:
1123:
1108:
1062:
1047:
967:
962:
933:
928:
533:
468:
458:
402:
388:
342:
330:
290:
102:
98:
95:
281:
1103:
905:
893:
874:
473:
433:
425:
421:
406:
334:
326:
302:
176:
1220:
1153:
1133:
888:
410:
392:
338:
110:
635:. Manchester University Press (published 2005). p. 59.
220:
in which the colours fade or wash off easily. Historically,
898:
429:
413:
306:
200:
188:
1012:
843:
592:
409:
used for making Bandhani sarees and dupattas are loosely
131:
in Pakistan. Earliest evidence of Bandhani dates back to
405:
is not very difficult, but is very time-consuming. The
981:
972:
953:
919:
903:
398:
with a pointy nail to help plucking the cloth easily.
354:, a type of Bandhej saree, for their weddings. Though
1269:
826:"References to Textiles in Bana's Harshacharita"
719:Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary 1899
216:in which the colours do not come off easily and
800:Tie-dyed Textiles of India: Tradition and Trade
685:
683:
681:
859:
762:
663:Feliccia Yacopino (1977) Threadlines Pakistan
593:G. K. Ghosh, Shukla Ghosh (1 January 2000).
264:Earliest evidence of Bandhani dates back to
796:
678:
1205:Traditional dyes of the Scottish Highlands
866:
852:
797:Murphy, Veronica; Crill, Rosemary (1991).
752:Gujarat State Gazetteers: Junagadh (1971)
66:Learn how and when to remove this message
763:Gillow, John; Barnard, Nicholas (2008).
280:
194:
182:
170:
82:
29:This article includes a list of general
823:
1270:
731:. Kodansha International. p. 28.
696:. Kodansha International. p. 28.
588:
586:
847:
792:
790:
788:
786:
724:
689:
629:King, Brenda M. (3 September 2005).
628:
15:
601:. APH Publishing (published 2000).
583:
199:Group of women dressed in Bandhani
13:
994:
622:
383:for making. But in some places of
35:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
1329:
830:Journal of Indian Textile History
783:
401:The process of making a bandhani
564:
552:
540:
525:
513:
501:
489:
276:
187:Group of women wearing Bandhani
20:
836:: 65–68 – via GlobalInCH.
817:
803:. Victoria And Albert Museum.
756:
745:
725:Wada, Yoshiko Iwamoto (2002).
710:
690:Wada, Yoshiko Iwamoto (2002).
667:
656:
1:
576:
80:Tie-dyeing technique of India
728:Memory on Cloth: Shibori Now
693:Memory on Cloth: Shibori Now
175:Bandhani, tie dye drying in
146:
7:
982:
973:
954:
920:
904:
447:
166:
10:
1334:
873:
482:
370:
259:
1244:
1213:
1192:
1071:
1005:
992:
881:
571:Rajasthani bandhani pagri
266:Indus Valley civilization
133:Indus Valley civilization
1252:Glossary of dyeing terms
1072:Traditional textile dyes
559:Preparing bandhani craft
375:Bandhani is a method of
769:. Thames & Hudson.
50:more precise citations.
999:
599:Ikat Textiles of India
286:
204:
192:
180:
88:
1318:Textile arts of India
998:
939:Reactive dye printing
284:
198:
186:
174:
163:("to bind, to tie").
121:where it is known as
86:
824:Agrawal, VS (1959).
232:were always dyed in
155:is derived from the
1308:Rajasthani clothing
1283:History of clothing
1288:Indian handicrafts
1079:Armenian cochineal
1000:
287:
205:
193:
181:
89:
1265:
1264:
810:978-0-8478-1162-5
776:978-0-500-51432-0
127:. It is known as
76:
75:
68:
1325:
1159:Polish cochineal
987:
978:
959:
925:
909:
868:
861:
854:
845:
844:
838:
837:
821:
815:
814:
794:
781:
780:
760:
754:
749:
743:
742:
723:
714:
708:
707:
687:
676:
671:
665:
660:
654:
653:
651:
649:
626:
620:
619:
617:
615:
590:
568:
556:
547:Bandhani Dupatta
544:
529:
517:
505:
493:
361:peeley ki saree.
191:, ca. 1855–1862.
71:
64:
60:
57:
51:
46:this article by
37:inline citations
24:
23:
16:
1333:
1332:
1328:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1323:
1322:
1303:Rajasthani arts
1298:Painted fabrics
1293:Indian clothing
1268:
1267:
1266:
1261:
1240:
1209:
1188:
1067:
1001:
990:
877:
872:
842:
841:
822:
818:
811:
795:
784:
777:
766:Indian Textiles
761:
757:
750:
746:
739:
716:
715:
711:
704:
688:
679:
672:
668:
661:
657:
647:
645:
643:
632:Silk and Empire
627:
623:
613:
611:
609:
591:
584:
579:
572:
569:
560:
557:
548:
545:
536:
530:
521:
518:
509:
506:
497:
494:
485:
479:
450:
373:
279:
262:
169:
149:
81:
72:
61:
55:
52:
42:Please help to
41:
25:
21:
12:
11:
5:
1331:
1321:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1263:
1262:
1260:
1259:
1254:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1217:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1208:
1207:
1202:
1200:Use of saffron
1196:
1194:
1190:
1189:
1187:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1075:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1009:
1007:
1003:
1002:
993:
991:
989:
988:
979:
970:
965:
960:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
917:
912:
911:
910:
896:
891:
885:
883:
879:
878:
871:
870:
863:
856:
848:
840:
839:
816:
809:
782:
775:
755:
744:
737:
709:
702:
677:
666:
655:
642:978-0719067013
641:
621:
608:978-8170247067
607:
581:
580:
578:
575:
574:
573:
570:
563:
561:
558:
551:
549:
546:
539:
537:
531:
524:
522:
519:
512:
510:
507:
500:
498:
495:
488:
484:
481:
477:
476:
471:
466:
461:
456:
449:
446:
372:
369:
278:
275:
261:
258:
168:
165:
148:
145:
87:Bandhani craft
79:
74:
73:
28:
26:
19:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1330:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1249:
1247:
1243:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1216:
1212:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1191:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1174:Tyrian purple
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1006:Types of dyes
1004:
997:
986:
985:
980:
977:
976:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
958:
957:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
924:
923:
918:
916:
913:
908:
907:
902:
901:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
886:
884:
880:
876:
869:
864:
862:
857:
855:
850:
849:
846:
835:
831:
827:
820:
812:
806:
802:
801:
793:
791:
789:
787:
778:
772:
768:
767:
759:
753:
748:
740:
738:9784770027771
734:
730:
729:
721:
720:
713:
705:
703:9784770027771
699:
695:
694:
686:
684:
682:
675:
670:
664:
659:
644:
638:
634:
633:
625:
610:
604:
600:
596:
589:
587:
582:
567:
562:
555:
550:
543:
538:
535:
528:
523:
520:Bandhani sari
516:
511:
504:
499:
496:Bandhani sari
492:
487:
486:
480:
475:
472:
470:
467:
465:
462:
460:
457:
455:
452:
451:
445:
443:
437:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
412:
408:
404:
399:
397:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
368:
364:
362:
357:
353:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
285:Bandhej Saree
283:
277:Bandhej Saree
274:
271:
270:Bandhani dots
267:
257:
253:
249:
245:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
209:
203:c. 1855–1862.
202:
197:
190:
185:
178:
173:
164:
162:
158:
154:
144:
142:
141:Bandhej Saree
138:
137:Bandhani dots
134:
130:
126:
125:
120:
116:
115:Punjab region
112:
108:
104:
100:
97:
94:is a type of
93:
85:
78:
70:
67:
59:
49:
45:
39:
38:
32:
27:
18:
17:
1313:Textile arts
1257:List of dyes
1129:Dyer's broom
1084:Black walnut
833:
829:
819:
799:
765:
758:
747:
727:
718:
712:
692:
669:
658:
646:. Retrieved
631:
624:
612:. Retrieved
598:
478:
441:
438:
400:
374:
365:
360:
355:
351:
350:brides wear
288:
269:
263:
254:
250:
246:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
210:
206:
160:
159:verbal root
152:
150:
136:
128:
122:
91:
90:
77:
62:
53:
34:
1038:Substantive
956:RĹŤketsuzome
949:Ring dyeing
381:fingernails
48:introducing
1272:Categories
1214:Craft dyes
975:Tsutsugaki
882:Techniques
577:References
119:Tamil Nadu
31:references
1245:Reference
1099:Cochineal
1089:Bloodroot
1058:Discharge
915:Kalamkari
532:Bandhani
424:known as
418:Georgette
389:craftsmen
385:Rajasthan
356:Gharchola
352:Gharchola
323:Porbandar
295:Rajasthan
151:The term
147:Etymology
107:Rajasthan
1169:Turmeric
1114:Dyewoods
1094:Brazilin
1053:Disperse
1028:Reactive
922:Katazome
648:19 March
614:28 March
508:Bandhani
454:Leheriya
448:See also
315:Jamnagar
299:Pethapur
167:Overview
157:Sanskrit
153:bandhani
92:Bandhani
56:May 2022
1231:Procion
1226:Inkodye
1193:History
1164:Saffron
1149:Logwood
1124:Gamboge
1104:Cudbear
1063:Pigment
1033:Solvent
1018:Natural
968:Tie-dye
963:Shibori
934:Mordant
929:Leheria
534:Dupatta
483:Gallery
469:Tie-dye
464:Sungudi
459:Shibori
416:called
403:textile
391:wear a
377:binding
371:Process
343:Bikaner
331:Udaipur
291:Gujarat
260:History
234:kachcha
230:odhnis,
218:Kaccha,
124:Sungudi
117:and in
103:Gujarat
99:textile
96:tie-dye
44:improve
1154:Madder
1144:Kermes
1139:Indigo
1119:Fustic
1043:Sulfur
944:Resist
906:Kasuri
894:Dyeing
875:Dyeing
807:
773:
735:
700:
639:
605:
474:Tritik
434:design
428:. The
426:Malmal
422:cotton
407:fabric
335:Jaipur
327:Rajkot
319:Jetpur
303:Mandvi
242:kaccha
222:Kaccha
214:pakka,
177:Jaipur
129:chunri
33:, but
1221:Dylon
1134:Henna
1109:Cutch
984:YĹ«zen
889:Batik
430:knots
420:, or
411:woven
393:metal
347:Churu
339:Ajmer
311:Anjar
238:pukka
226:pukka
161:bandh
111:Sindh
1278:Dyes
1184:Woad
1179:Weld
1023:Acid
1013:Dyes
899:Ikat
805:ISBN
771:ISBN
733:ISBN
698:ISBN
650:2017
637:ISBN
616:2017
603:ISBN
442:geru
414:silk
396:ring
307:Bhuj
293:and
240:and
201:Sari
189:Sari
1236:Rit
1048:Vat
595:"3"
109:,
1274::
834:IV
832:.
828:.
785:^
680:^
597:.
585:^
436:.
387:,
345:,
341:,
337:,
333:,
329:,
325:,
321:,
317:,
313:,
309:,
305:,
301:,
113:,
105:,
867:e
860:t
853:v
813:.
779:.
741:.
722:.
706:.
652:.
618:.
179:.
69:)
63:(
58:)
54:(
40:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)
.jpg)
