2430:
changes into a food-demanding "snore". By two weeks old, they are already half their adult weight and look naked, as the amount of down is insufficient to cover their growing bodies. By three weeks old, quills are starting to push through the skin and the chicks stand, making snoring noises with wings raised and tail stumps waggling, begging for food items which are now given whole. Atypically among birds, barn owl chicks can "negotiate" and allow weaker ones to eat first, possibly in exchange for grooming. The male is the main provider of food until all the chicks are at least four weeks old, at which time the female begins to leave the nest and starts to roost elsewhere. By the sixth week, the chicks are as big as the adults, but have slimmed down somewhat by the ninth week when they are fully
2367:, sticking to one partner for life unless one of a pair dies. During the non-breeding season, they may roost separately, but as the breeding season approaches, they return to their established nesting site, showing considerable site fidelity. In colder climates, in harsh weather, and where winter food supplies may be scarce, they may roost in farm buildings and in barns between hay bales, but they then run the risk that their selected nesting hole may be taken over by some other species. Single males may establish feeding territories, patrolling the hunting areas, occasionally stopping to hover, and perching on lofty eminences where they screech to attract a mate. Where a female has lost her mate but maintained her breeding site, she usually seems to attract a new spouse.
366:
2190:, the barn owl can target its prey and dive to the ground. Its legs and toes are long and slender, which improves its ability to forage among dense foliage or beneath the snow and gives it a wide spread of talons when attacking prey. This bird hunts by flying slowly, quartering the ground and hovering over spots that may conceal prey. It has long, broad wings that enable it to manoeuvre and turn abruptly. It has acute hearing, with ears placed asymmetrically, which improves detection of sound position and distance; the bird does not require sight to hunt. The facial disc helps with the bird's hearing, as is shown by the fact that, with the ruff feathers removed, the bird can still determine a sound source's
2114:
males and females usually roost separately, each one having about three favoured sites in which to conceal themselves by day and which are also visited for short periods during the night. Roosting sites include holes in trees, fissures in cliffs, disused buildings, chimneys, and hay sheds, and are often small in comparison to nesting sites. As the breeding season approaches, the birds move back to the vicinity of a chosen nest to roost. In a situation where a bird (e.g., pigeon) intrudes upon an owl nest, a male barn owl is observed to be docile and curious, while a female owl is protective of its chicks and may attack the bird, and the chicks themselves are seen to display a defensive behaviour.
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1510:
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distances of 80 and 320 km (50 and 199 mi), with the most travelled individuals ending up some 1,760 km (1,094 mi) from their points of origin. Dispersal movements in the
African continent include 1,000 km (621 mi), from Senegambia to Sierra Leone, and up to 579 km (360 mi) within South Africa. In Australia, there is some migration, as the birds move towards the northern coast in the dry season and southward in the wet season, as well as nomadic movements in association with rodent plagues. Occasionally, some of these birds turn up on
2077:
1325:
2360:, nesting seasons become more distinct, and there are some seasons of the year when no egg-laying takes place. In Europe and North America, most nesting takes place between March and June, when temperatures are increasing. The actual dates of egg-laying vary by year and by location, being correlated with the amount of prey-rich foraging habitat around the nest site. An increase in rodent populations will usually stimulate the local barn owls to begin nesting, and, consequently, two broods are often raised in a good year, even in the cooler parts of the owl's range.
3970:
668:, with a typical specimen measuring about 33 to 39 cm (13 to 15 in) in overall length, with a wingspan of some 80 to 95 cm (31 to 37 in). Adult body mass is also variable, with male owls from the Galapagos weighing 260 g (9.2 oz), while male Pacific barn owls average 555 g (19.6 oz). In general, owls living on small islands are smaller and lighter, perhaps because they have a higher dependence on insect prey and need to be more manoeuvrable. The shape of the tail is a means of distinguishing the barn owl from
2653:
518:
usually mate for life unless one of the pair is killed, whereupon a new pair bond may be formed. Breeding takes place at varying times of the year, according to the locality, with a clutch of eggs, averaging about four in number, being laid in a nest in a hollow tree, old building, or fissure in a cliff. The female does all the incubation, and she and the young chicks are reliant on the male for food. When large numbers of small prey are readily available, barn owl populations can expand rapidly, and globally the barn owl is listed
1399:
2798:
689:(lower leg) feathers, vary from white to reddish buff among the subspecies and are either mostly unpatterned or bear a varying number of tiny blackish-brown speckles. It has been found that at least in the continental European populations, females with more spotting are healthier than plainer birds. This does not hold true for European males by contrast, where the spotting varies according to subspecies. The bill varies from pale horn to dark buff, corresponding to the general plumage hue, and the
2457:
follows a pattern similarly prolonged as that of the female. The first sign that the male is moulting is often when a tail feather has been dropped at the roost. A consequence of moulting is the loss of thermal insulation. This is of little importance in the tropics, and barn owls there usually moult a complete complement of flight feathers annually. The hot-climate moult may still take place over a long period but is usually concentrated at a particular time of year outside the breeding season.
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2466:
244:
2844:. The barn owl accepts the provided nest boxes and sometimes prefers them to natural sites. The nest boxes are placed under the eaves of buildings and in other locations. The upper bound of the number of barn owl pairs depends on the abundance of food at nesting sites. Conservationists encourage farmers and landowners to install nest boxes by pointing out that the resultant increased barn owl population would provide natural rodent control. In some conservation projects, the use of
794:
174:
219:
2794:. In spite of a Recovery Strategy, particularly in 2007–2010 in Ontario, only a handful of wild, breeding barn owls existed in the province in 2018. This is primarily because of disappearing grasslands where the bird hunted in the past, but according to a study, also because of "harsh winters, predation, road mortality and use of rodenticides". The species is listed as endangered overall in Canada, due to loss of habitat and a lack of nesting sites.
2344:
988:
753:
2308:). On bird-rich islands, a barn owl might include birds as some fifteen to twenty percent of its diet, while in grassland it will gorge itself on swarming termites, or on Orthoptera such as Copiphorinae katydids, Jerusalem crickets (Stenopelmatidae), or true crickets (Gryllidae). Smaller prey is usually torn into chunks and eaten completely, including bones and fur, while prey larger than about 100 grams (3.5 oz)—such as baby rabbits,
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657:
2386:), and, particularly in Europe and North America, old buildings such as farm sheds and church towers. Buildings are preferred to trees in wetter climates in the British Isles and provide better protection for fledglings from inclement weather. Tree nests tend to be in open habitats rather than in the middle of woodland, and nest holes tend to be higher in North America than in Europe, because of possible predation by
2097:
51:
1246:
2678:. Some of these birds are in poor condition and may have been less able to evade oncoming vehicles than fit individuals. In some locations, road mortality rates can be particularly high, with collision rates being influenced by higher commercial traffic, roadside verges that are grass rather than shrubs, and where small mammals are abundant. Historically, many deaths were caused by the use of
2671:, producing a large number of offspring with a high growth rate, which have a low probability of surviving to adulthood. Its typical lifespan is around four years. In Scotland, the species has been recorded living up to 18 and possibly even 34 years. A significant cause of death in temperate areas is starvation, particularly during the winter, and with significant snow cover.
2406:
2048:, relying on its acute sense of hearing when hunting in complete darkness. It often becomes active shortly before dusk but can sometimes be seen during the day when relocating from one roosting site to another. In Britain, on various Pacific Islands, and perhaps elsewhere, it sometimes hunts by day. The owl's daylight hunting may depend on whether it can avoid being
2064:—possibly because the previous night has been wet, making night hunting difficult. By contrast, in southern Europe and the tropics, the birds seem to be almost exclusively nocturnal, with the few birds that hunt by day being severely mobbed. In some cases, an owl feeling threatened by the mobbing of a crow may become aggressive enough to
630:, or its eerie, silent flight: white owl, silver owl, demon owl, ghost owl, death owl, night owl, rat owl, church owl, cave owl, stone owl, monkey-faced owl, hissing owl, hobgoblin or hobby owl, dobby owl, white-breasted owl, golden owl, screech owl, straw owl, barnyard owl, and delicate owl. "Golden owl" might also refer to the related
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2470:
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2471:
765:, and, indeed, many individuals, having taken up residence in a particular location, remain there even when better nearby foraging areas are available. In the British Isles, the young seem largely to disperse along river corridors, and the distance travelled from their natal site averages about 9 km (5.6 mi).
2691:
2594:
When disturbed at its roosting site, an angry barn owl lowers its head and sways it from side to side, or the head may be lowered and stretched forward and the wings outstretched and drooped while the bird emits hisses and makes snapping noises with its beak. Another defensive attitude involves lying
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2334:
at roosting sites and can be used when food is scarce. This makes the barn owl one of the most economically valuable wildlife animals for agriculture. Farmers often find these owls more effective than poison in keeping down rodent pests, and they can encourage barn owl habitation by providing nesting
2734:
in the late 20th century have affected some populations, particularly in Europe and North
America. Intensification of agricultural practices often means that the rough grassland that provides the best foraging habitat is lost. While barn owls are prolific breeders and able to recover from short-term
2425:
eggs. Incubation begins as soon as the first egg is laid. While the female is sitting on the nest, the male is constantly bringing more provisions, and they may pile up beside the female. The incubation period is about thirty days, hatching takes place over a prolonged period, and the youngest chick
2370:
Once a pair-bond has been formed, the male will make short flights at dusk around the nesting and roosting sites and then longer circuits to establish a home range. When he is later joined by the female, there is much chasing, turning, and twisting in flight, and frequent screeches, the male's being
2355:
Barn owls living in tropical regions can breed at any time of year, but some seasonality in nesting is still evident. Where there are distinct wet and dry seasons, egg-laying usually takes place during the dry season, with increased rodent prey becoming available to the birds as the vegetation dies
2137:
mountain range. This owl prefers to hunt along the edges of woods or in rough grass strips adjoining pasture. It has an effortless wavering flight as it quarters the ground, alert to the sounds made by potential prey. Like most owls, the barn owl flies silently; tiny serrations on the leading edges
517:
The barn owl is nocturnal over most of its range, but in Great
Britain and some Pacific Islands, it also hunts by day. Barn owls specialise in hunting animals on the ground, and nearly all of their food consists of small mammals, which they locate by sound, their hearing being very acute. The owls
2429:
The chicks are at first covered with greyish-white down and develop rapidly. Within a week they can hold their heads up and shuffle around in the nest. The female tears up the food brought by the male and distributes it to the chicks. Initially, the chicks make a "chittering" sound, but this soon
2420:
Before commencing laying, the female spends much time near the nest and is entirely provisioned by the male. Meanwhile, the male roosts nearby and may cache any prey that is surplus to their requirements. When the female has reached peak weight, the male provides a ritual presentation of food and
2113:
but have a home range inside which they forage. For males in
Scotland, this home range has a radius of about 1 km (0.6 mi) from the nest site and an average area of about 300 hectares (740 acres). Female home ranges largely coincide with that of their mates. Outside the breeding season,
768:
In continental Europe, the dispersal distance is greater, commonly somewhere between 50 and 100 kilometres (31 and 62 mi) but exceptionally 1,500 km (932 mi), with ringed birds from the
Netherlands ending up in Spain and in Ukraine. In the United States, dispersal is typically over
2452:
to be shed is a central one, number 6, and it has regrown completely by the time the female resumes hunting. Feathers 4, 5, 7, and 8 are dropped at a similar time the following year and feathers 1, 2, 3, 9 and 10 in the bird's third year of adulthood. The secondary and tail feathers are lost and
2394:). No nesting material is used as such, but as the female sits incubating the eggs, she draws in the dry furry material of which her regurgitated pellets are composed, so that by the time the chicks are hatched, they are surrounded by a carpet of shredded pellets. Oftentimes, other birds such as
760:
The barn owl is the most widespread landbird species in the world, occurring on every continent except
Antarctica. Its range includes all of Europe (except Fennoscandia and Malta), most of Africa apart from the Sahara, the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, Australia, many Pacific Islands, and
672:
when seen in the air. Other distinguishing features are the undulating flight pattern and the dangling, feathered legs. The pale face with its heart shape and black eyes gives the flying bird a distinctive appearance, like a flat mask with oversized, oblique black eyeslits, the ridge of feathers
2868:
in Mexico regard them as "disease givers". These owls do not "hoot", instead emitting raspy screeches and hissing noises, and their white face and underbelly feathers, visible as they fly overhead, make them look "ghostly". Consequently, they were often killed by farmers who were unaware of the
2456:
The male owl moults rather later in the year than the female, at a time when there is an abundance of food, the female has recommenced hunting, and the demands of the chicks are lessening. Unmated males without family responsibilities often start losing feathers earlier in the year. Their moult
509:
of the
Americas. Some taxonomic authorities classify barn owls differently, recognising up to five separate species, and further research needs to be done to resolve the disparate taxonomies. There is considerable variation of size and colour among the approximately 28 subspecies, but most are
743:
scream, ear-shattering at close range, an eerie, long-drawn-out shriek. Males in courtship give a shrill twitter. Both young and old can hiss like a snake to scare away intruders. Other sounds produced include a purring chirrup, denoting pleasure, and a "kee-yak", which resembles one of the
510:
between 33 and 39 cm (13 and 15 in) in length, with wingspans ranging from 80 to 95 cm (31 to 37 in). The plumage on the head and back is a mottled shade of grey or brown; that on the underparts varies from white to brown and is sometimes speckled with dark markings. The
744:
vocalisations of the tawny owl. When captured or cornered, the barn owl throws itself on its back and flails with sharp-taloned feet, making for an effective defence. In such situations, it may emit rasping sounds or clicking snaps, produced probably by the bill but possibly by the tongue.
2821:, the Canary barn owl) is precariously rare: perhaps fewer than two hundred individuals still remain. Similarly, the birds on the western Canary Islands, which are usually assigned to this subspecies, have severely declined, and wanton destruction of the birds seems to be significant. On
2371:
high-pitched and tremulous and the female's lower and harsher. In later stages of courtship, the male emerges at dusk, climbs high into the sky, and then swoops back to the vicinity of the female at speed. He then sets off to forage. The female meanwhile sits in an eminent position and
4951:
Paz, A.; Jareño, D.; Arroyo, L.; Viñuela, J.; Arroyo, B.; Mougeot, F.; Luque-Larena, J. J.; Fargallo, J. A. (March 2013). "Avian predators as a biological control system of common vole (Microtus arvalis) populations in north-western Spain: experimental set-up and preliminary results".
2839:
are used primarily when populations suffer declines. Although such declines have many causes, among them are the lack of available natural nesting sites. Early successes among conservationists have led to the widespread provision of nest boxes, which has become the most used form of
2330:, requiring relatively more food. Relative to its size, barn owls consume more rodents. Studies have shown that an individual barn owl may eat one or more voles (or their equivalent) per night, equivalent to about fourteen percent of the bird's bodyweight. Excess food is often
2426:
may be several weeks younger than its oldest sibling. In years with a plentiful supply of food, there may be a hatching success rate of about 75%. The male continues to copulate with the female when he brings food, which makes the newly hatched chicks vulnerable to injury.
2873:, people believe that when the barn owl flies over or perches on the roof of any house, the inhabitants of that house will die. In South Africa, barn owls are often associated with witchcraft and are persecuted. In some South African cultures, these owls are used in
194:
2453:
replaced over a similar timescale, again starting while incubation is taking place. In the case of the tail, the two outermost tail feathers are first shed, followed by the two central ones, the other tail feathers being shed the following year.
676:
The bird's head and upper body typically vary between pale brown and some shade of grey (especially on the forehead and back) in most subspecies. Some are purer, richer brown instead, and all have fine black-and-white speckles, except on the
2150:
of its feathers, which give the plumage a soft feel, also minimise noise produced during wingbeats. Behavioural and environmental preferences may differ slightly even between neighbouring subspecies, as shown in the case of the
European
2375:, returning to the nest a minute or two before the male arrives with food for her. Such feeding behaviour of the female by the male is common, helps build the pair-bond, and increases the female's fitness before egg-laying commences.
2442:
Feathers become abraded over time and all birds need to replace them at intervals. Barn owls are particularly dependent on their ability to fly quietly and manoeuvre efficiently. In temperate areas, the owls undergo a prolonged
2735:
population decreases, they are not as common in some areas as they used to be. A 1995–1997 survey put their
British population at between 3,000 and 5,000 breeding pairs, out of an average of about 150,000 pairs in the whole of
2634:. These gut parasites are acquired when the birds feed on infected prey. There is some indication that female birds with more and larger spots have a greater resistance to external parasites. This is correlated with smaller
2467:
5132:
2421:
copulation occurs at the nest. The female lays eggs on alternate days and the clutch size averages about five eggs (the range being two to nine). The eggs are chalky white, somewhat elliptical, and about the size of
781:, showing that crossing the ocean is within their capabilities. In 2008, barn owls were recorded for the first time breeding in New Zealand. The barn owl has been successfully introduced into the Hawaiian island of
2447:
that lasts through three phases over a period of two years. The female starts to moult while incubating the eggs and brooding the chicks, a time when the male feeds her, so she does not need to fly much. The first
947:. Island forms are mostly smaller than mainland ones, and those inhabiting forests have darker plumage and shorter wings than those living in open grasslands. Several subspecies are generally considered to be
5423:
192:
2702:
The barn owl is relatively common throughout most of its range and not considered globally threatened. If considered as a single global species, the barn owl is the second most widely distributed of all
2591:). As a result of improved conservation measures, the populations of the northern goshawk and eagle-owls are increasing, thus increasing the incidence of hunting on barn owls where the species coexist.
193:
2434:
and start leaving the nest briefly themselves. They are still dependent on the parent birds until about thirteen weeks and receive training from the female in finding, and eventually catching, prey.
3784:
Raptor perch sites for biological control of agricultural pest rodents. In: Nyssen J., Jacob, M., Frankl, A. (Eds.). Geo-trekking in
Ethiopia's Tropical Mountains – The Dogu'a Tembien District
5421:
638:). "Hissing owl" and, particularly in the U.K. and in India, "screech owl" refer to the piercing calls of these birds. The latter name is also applied to a different group of birds, the
4758:
2356:
off. In arid regions, such as parts of Australia, breeding may be irregular and may happen in wet periods, with the resultant temporary increase in the populations of small mammals. In
2682:, and this may still be the case in some parts of the world. Collisions with power-lines kill some birds, and being shot accounts for others, especially in Mediterranean regions.
685:(main wing feathers), which are light brown with darker bands. The heart-shaped face is usually bright white, but in some subspecies it is brown. The underparts, including the
707:
On average within any one population, males tend to have fewer spots on the underside and are paler in colour than females. The latter are also larger, with a strong female
5422:
1407:
Small. Dark greyish-brown above, with white part of spots prominent. Underparts white to golden-buff, with distinct pattern of brown vermiculations or fine dense spots.
3451:
3378:
928:
Twenty to thirty subspecies are usually recognized, varying mainly in body proportions, size, and colour. Barn owls range in colour from the almost beige-and-white
3637:
2869:
benefits these birds bring. Negative perceptions can also be attributed to the false belief that they could eat large animals, such as chickens and cats. In
3935:
Lavariega, Mario C.; García-Meza, Josué; Martínez-Ayón, Yazmín del Mar; Camarillo-Chávez, David; Hernández-Velasco, Teresa; Briones-Salas, Miguel (2015).
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with some interspersed woodland, usually at altitudes below 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) but occasionally as high as 3,000 metres (9,800 ft) in the
5501:
5071:
4064:
704:
barn owls have been recorded in the wild and in captivity, with melanistic individuals estimated to occur with odds of 1 out of every 100,000 birds.
514:
is characteristically large and heart-shaped with white plumage in most subspecies. This owl does not hoot, but utters an eerie, drawn-out screech.
5328:
3742:
5980:
5492:
2848:
for pest control was replaced by the installation of nest boxes for barn owls, which has been shown to be a less costly method of rodent control.
2523:) are noted predators of barn owls. Despite some sources claiming that there is little evidence of predation by great horned owls, one study from
6101:
5825:
5469:
4769:
4659:
664:
The barn owl is a medium-sized, pale-coloured owl with long wings and a short, squarish tail. There is considerable size variation across the
5903:
6111:
6081:
5159:
3304:
4499:
Altwegg, Res; Schaub, Michael; Roulin, Alexandre (2007). "Age-specific fitness components and their temporal variation in the barn owl".
2198:. It may perch on branches, fence posts, or other lookouts to scan its surroundings, and this is the main means of prey location in the
4363:
Knight, R. L.; Jackman, R. E. (1984). "Food-niche relationships between Great Horned Owls and Common Barn-Owls in eastern Washington".
2606:, which chew the barbules of the feathers and which are transferred from bird to bird by direct contact. Blood-sucking flies, such as
3600:
Alaie Kakhki, N.; Aliabadian, M. (2012). "Mitochondrial DNA (CYTB) divergences in two distinct, Old World and New World barn owls".
2527:
found that 10.9% of the local great horned owl's diet was made up of barn owls. In Africa, the principal predators of barn owls are
2249:
in the 1950s led to a major shift in the barn owl's diet: where their ranges overlap, the vole is now by far the largest prey item.
5763:
2559:). About 12 other large diurnal raptors and owls have also been reported as predators of barn owls, ranging from the similar-sized
2277:
are also preyed upon. Barn owls are usually specialist feeders in productive areas and generalists in areas where prey is scarce.
4023:
König, Claus, Friedhelm Weick, and Jan-Hendrik Becking. Owls of the World. 2nd ed. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2009. Web. 23 May. 2023.
5851:
5184:
4728:
3984:
3706:
2598:
Barn owls are hosts to a wide range of parasites. Fleas are present at nesting sites, and externally the birds are attacked by
864:
5337:
2378:
Barn owls are cavity nesters. They choose holes in trees, fissures in cliff faces, the large nests of other birds such as the
909:, which the authors seem to have accepted as a separate species. Extensive genetic variation was found between the Indonesian
878:
Some island subspecies are occasionally treated as distinct species, a move which should await further research into barn owl
693:
is blackish brown. The toes, like the bill, vary in colour, ranging from pink to dark pinkish-grey, and the talons are black.
69:
5962:
5347:
5312:
5293:
5274:
5251:
4921:
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3531:
3255:
5856:
5975:
4248:
Dreiss, Amélie N.; Gaime, Florence; Delarbre, Alice; Moroni, Letizia; Lenarth, Mélissa; Roulin, Alexandre (1 June 2016).
3467:
3386:
1333:
Large. Upperparts grey and orange-buff. Underparts whitish to light buff with much speckling. Face white. Resembles pale
2213:
Rodents and other small mammals may constitute over ninety percent of the prey caught. Birds are also taken, as well as
5799:
4896:
3007:
6045:
3041:
1525:, but supposedly lighter on average. Upperparts very grey. Underparts light buff with extensive speckles. Face white.
996:
Upperparts grey and light buff. Underparts white, with few if any black spots; males often appear entirely unspotted.
365:
3652:
3169:
1437:
Upperparts golden-brown and grey with very bold pattern. Underparts light buff with extensive speckles. Face white.
1195:
Upperparts grey and orange-buff. Underparts whitish to light buff with little speckling. Face white. Resembles pale
6086:
5776:
5742:
5040:
4586:
Sauer, J. R., D. K. Niven, J. E. Hines, D. J. Ziolkowski Jr., K. L. Pardieck, J. E. Fallon, and W. A. Link (2017).
3490:
3193:
1691:
5908:
4136:
4033:
Kelleher, K. M.; Oliver, G. A.; Sleeman, D. P. (2010). "The composition and sex of rodent prey taken by Barn Owls
2722:
assessor estimating a population possibly as large as nearly 10 million individuals. Severe local declines due to
2052:
by other birds during that time. In Britain, some birds continue to hunt by day—even when mobbed by such birds as
5755:
5724:
3936:
1675:
Almost black with some dark grey above, the white part of the spotting showing prominently. Reddish-brown below.
4328:
Millsap, Brian A.; Millsap, Patricia A. (1987). "Burrow Nesting by Common Barn-Owls in North Central Colorado".
2860:, an old term for a corpse) show that rural populations in many places considered barn owls to be birds of evil
4702:
3353:
2142:
and a hairlike fringe on the trailing edges help to break up the flow of air over the wings, thereby reducing
5890:
5672:
5498:
4848:"Nest-Box use by the Barn OwlTyto albain a Biological Pest Control Program in the Beit She'an Valley, Israel"
4846:
Meyrom, Kobi; Motro, Yoav; Leshem, Yossi; Aviel, Shaul; Izhaki, Ido; Argyle, Francis; Charter, Motti (2009).
3890:
Meyrom, Kobi; Motro, Yoav; Leshem, Yossi; Aviel, Shaul; Izhaki, Ido; Argyle, Francis; Charter, Motti (2009).
5079:
4677:
711:
of a large subspecies weighing over 550 g (19.4 oz), while males are typically about 10% lighter.
5573:
5438:
4556:"Spatial, road geometric and biotic factors associated with Barn Owl mortality along an interstate highway"
1687:
1186:
451:
5921:
6091:
5838:
5646:
3024:
438:
in the world and one of the most widespread of all species of birds, living almost everywhere except for
3750:
2973:
1138:
Large. Upperparts pale orange-buff and brownish-grey, underparts whitish with few speckles. Face white.
5651:
3705:
Krabbe, Niels; Flórez, Pablo; Suárez, Gustavo; Castaño, José; Arango, Juan David; Duque, Arley (2006).
3053:
3019:
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4010:
2300:. On a rocky islet off the coast of California, a clutch of four young were being reared on a diet of
5941:
5602:
5486:
5457:
2712:
2083:
2049:
431:
17:
4554:
Arnold, E.M.; Hanser, S.E.; Regan, T.; Thompson, J.; Lowe, M.; Kociolek, A.; Belthoff, J.R. (2019).
3969:
3191:"White owl" was a name, often used by English ornithologists in the 19th century; see for instance:
5916:
4768:(in Spanish). El Ministerio de Medio Ambiente agradece sus comentarios, Spain. 2006. Archived from
2744:
547:
398:
355:
5882:
2829:, the situation looks bleak. Due to the assignment to this subspecies of birds common in mainland
2528:
2301:
785:
in an attempt to control rodents; distressingly, it has been found to also feed on native birds.
243:
6006:
5510:
4461:
4179:"Owls, multirejection and completeness of prey remains: implications for small mammal taphonomy"
3327:
2674:
Collision with road vehicles is another cause of death and may result when birds forage on mown
6019:
5830:
5620:
5526:
3848:
Knudsen, Eric I.; Konishi, Masakazu (1979). "Mechanisms of sound localization in the barn owl (
2543:). In Europe, although less dangerous than the eagle-owls, the chief diurnal predators are the
2484:
1982:
5869:
4735:(in Spanish). Asociación Canaria para Defensa de la Naturaleza. pp. 10–32. Archived from
4436:
4403:
Brown, L. H. (1965). "Observations on Verreaux's Eagle Owl Bubo lacteus (Temminck) in Kenya".
3548:
2280:
On the Cape Verde Islands, geckos are the mainstay of the diet, supplemented by birds such as
6014:
6001:
5993:
5265:
The Birdwatcher's Handbook: A Guide to the Natural History of the Birds of Britain and Europe
4178:
3521:
2638:, glands associated with antibody production, and a lower fecundity of the blood-sucking fly
2257:
are the main foodstuffs in the Mediterranean region, the tropics, subtropics, and Australia.
2087:
338:
1509:
1468:
Smallish. Upperparts dark brownish grey with bold pattern, including lighter brown bands on
6040:
5625:
5584:
5474:
5453:
4097:
2882:
1480:
1324:
30:
This article is about the widespread barn owl species. For the entire barn-owl family, see
4484:
4463:
3937:"Análisis de las presas de la Lechuza de Campanario (Tytonidae) en Oaxaca Central, México"
2076:
1411:
8:
5564:
5210:
4634:
2931:
2364:
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2021:
1802:
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1007:
and east along Mediterranean coastal regions to northwestern Turkey in the north and the
929:
539:
208:
5480:
2402:) nest in the same hollow tree or building and seem to live harmoniously with the owls.
5659:
5633:
5322:
5238:
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4269:
4159:
3917:
3869:
3174:
2841:
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are the second most common food choice. In Ireland, the accidental introduction of the
2183:
2110:
1847:
1734:
1528:
822:
378:
238:
5515:
4827:
Watts, Bryan (2004). "An evaluation of nest box use by Common Barn Owls in Virginia".
3704:
3683:
1942:
Northeastern South American lowlands from eastern Venezuela south to the Amazon River.
6096:
5988:
5685:
5343:
5308:
5289:
5270:
5263:
5247:
4977:
4902:
4892:
4736:
4516:
4442:
4112:
de Naurois, R. (1982). "Le statut de la Chouette effraie de l'archipel du Cape Verte
4046:
3996:
3958:
3788:
3609:
3554:
3527:
3251:
2640:
2357:
2199:
2171:
2061:
1900:
887:
631:
623:
506:
65:
5791:
5677:
4873:
4528:
4273:
3921:
3721:
3220:
2990:
2610:, are often present, moving about among the plumage. Internal parasites include the
1398:
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5690:
5386:
5019:
4969:
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4859:
4807:
4567:
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4479:
4372:
4337:
4261:
4151:
3948:
3907:
3873:
3861:
2949:
2787:
2708:
2656:
Landing on a handler's gloved hand. Captive birds often live longer than wild ones.
2630:
2560:
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2508:
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2348:
1353:
1215:
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895:
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60:
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1016:
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5729:
5664:
5505:
3934:
3782:
3179:
3029:
2790:
south of Vancouver, having become extremely rare in a previous habitat, southern
2718:. Furthermore, the barn owl is likely the most numerous of all raptors, with the
2652:
2449:
2372:
2363:
Females are ready to breed at ten to eleven months of age. Barn owls are usually
2163:
2053:
1904:
1540:
686:
543:
35:
6032:
5931:
5895:
5375:"Phylogeny, biogeography, and diversification of barn owls (Aves: Strigiformes)"
5373:
Aliabadian, M.; Alaei-Kakhki, N.; Mirshamsi, O.; Nijman, V.; Roulin, A. (2016).
3889:
3546:
3519:
3197:
2856:
Common names such as "demon owl", "death owl", "ghost owl", or "lich owl" (from
5804:
5750:
5737:
5638:
5303:
Svensson, Lars; Zetterström, Dan; Mullarney, Killian; Grant, Peter, J. (1999).
4462:
Roulin, Alexandre; Riols, Christian; Dijkstra, Cor; Ducrest, Anne-Lyse (2001).
4316:
4176:
2865:
2813:, a somewhat larger number of these birds still seem to exist on the island of
2810:
2723:
2625:
2552:
2536:
2492:
2139:
1884:
1149:
1036:
879:
810:
770:
722:
Contrary to popular belief, the barn owl does not hoot (such calls are made by
498:
470:, which forms one of the two main lineages of living owls, the other being the
455:
4812:
4795:
4609:
4265:
3449:
6106:
6075:
5864:
4906:
4590:. Version 2.07.2017. USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD, USA.
4553:
4050:
3962:
3613:
3049:
3015:
2940:
2907:
2826:
2719:
2134:
1806:
1602:
1000:
735:
596:
560:
523:
519:
228:
223:
124:
4498:
4376:
4249:
3953:
2797:
2786:, barn owls are no longer common and are most likely to be found in coastal
6058:
5843:
5549:
5261:
Ehrlich, Paul R.; Dobkin, David S.; Wheye, Darryl; Pimm, Stuart L. (1994).
4981:
4520:
4434:
2704:
2603:
2584:
2414:
2187:
1814:
1207:
1157:
1051:
827:
716:
593:
439:
4032:
3574:
2833:, the western Canary Islands population is not classified as threatened.
2205:
793:
5877:
5812:
5558:
4864:
4847:
4391:
Birds of prey of southern Africa: Their identification and life histories
3912:
3891:
2845:
2731:
2665:
2661:
2118:
2057:
1896:
1649:
1250:
1075:
778:
723:
639:
576:, "owl") came to refer solely to the wood owls in the typical-owl family
511:
502:
471:
99:
5612:
5048:
4973:
4796:"Current status and distribution of birds of prey in the Canary Islands"
4464:"Female plumage spottiness signals parasite resistance in the barn owl (
3498:
2690:
1484:
761:
North-, Central-, and South America. In general, it is considered to be
719:, but the heart-shaped facial disk becomes visible soon after hatching.
6053:
5768:
5441:
was created from a revision of this article dated 1 June 2024
5211:"Animal mummies and remains from the Necropolis of Elkab (Upper Egypt)"
5024:
5011:
4588:
The North American Breeding Bird Survey, Results and Analysis 1966–2015
4349:
4163:
3896:
in a biological pest control program in the Beit She'an Valley, Israel"
3865:
2675:
2599:
2576:
2327:
2326:
Compared to other owls of similar size, the barn owl has a much higher
2297:
2160:
2143:
2065:
1548:
1536:
1349:
948:
690:
665:
408:
182:
173:
144:
109:
5954:
5391:
5374:
4572:
4555:
2343:
1641:
825:, König, Weick & Becking (2009) recognised the American barn owl (
5817:
5711:
5465:
5372:
2903:
2814:
2805:, in Ontario; the species has become extremely rare in this province.
2802:
2764:
2679:
2611:
2568:
2310:
2293:
2289:
2246:
2234:
2218:
2195:
2122:
2045:
1892:
1810:
1679:
1590:
1473:
1278:
1044:
1040:
987:
886:, "a review of the whole group long overdue". Molecular analysis of
762:
727:
682:
644:
622:
The bird is known by many common names that refer to its appearance,
605:
585:
577:
571:
467:
447:
255:
149:
31:
5520:
4965:
4341:
4155:
1974:
5716:
5703:
5543:
4512:
4250:"Vocal communication regulates sibling competition over food stock"
2870:
2836:
2822:
2772:
2760:
2752:
2618:
2480:
2444:
2379:
2323:
vlei rats—is usually dismembered and the inedible parts discarded.
2130:
1770:
1738:
1683:
1598:
1514:
1055:
1048:
752:
712:
701:
669:
305:
275:
139:
134:
119:
114:
104:
5516:
M.C.B.I. Project - Barn Owl Monitoring & Conservation in Italy
5244:
Handbook of Birds of the World Volume 5: Barn-owls to Hummingbirds
4660:"Endangered Ontario: Why barn owls have flown the coop in Ontario"
1262:. Underparts buff to rufous with some dark speckles (more than in
956:
Handbook of Birds of the World Volume 5: Barn-owls to Hummingbirds
884:
Handbook of Birds of the World Volume 5: Barn-owls to Hummingbirds
656:
5967:
5597:
5302:
4307:
Marti, Carl D.; Poole, Alan F.; Bevier, L. R. (2005): "Barn Owl (
3847:
3354:"Meet Norfolk's extremely rare black barn owl who's 1 in 100,000"
2897:
2825:, they seem relatively numerous, but on the other islands, as on
2791:
2756:
2395:
2387:
2314:
2262:
2237:
do not seem to be consumed. In North America and most of Europe,
2191:
2147:
2126:
1978:
1766:
1730:
1645:
1532:
1469:
1345:
1341:
1294:
1286:
1282:
1266:). Face whitish. Females are on average redder below than males.
1145:
1067:
1063:
1004:
697:
678:
627:
535:
154:
129:
39:
3638:"Winter field notes and specimen weights of Cayman Island Birds"
3985:"Summary of California studies analyzing the diet of barn owls"
3636:
Olson, Storrs L.; James, Helen F.; Meister, Charles A. (1981).
2893:
2783:
2736:
2715:
2496:
2431:
2410:
2319:
2285:
2281:
2270:
2258:
2230:
2226:
2214:
2096:
1888:
1594:
1544:
1357:
1290:
1274:
1032:
1020:
805:
barn owls in the Netherlands, where these subspecies intergrade
490:
482:
443:
265:
4999:. Archives de sciences sociales des religions. pp. 31–47.
3599:
2146:
and the noise that accompanies it. Hairlike extensions to the
1476:. Underparts golden brown with extensive speckles. Face buff.
839:
should be split off as a separate species, to be known as the
526:. Some subspecies with restricted ranges are more threatened.
6027:
5698:
3818:
3816:
3547:
König, Claus; Weick, Friedhelm; Becking, Jan-Hendrik (2009).
3520:
König, Claus; Weick, Friedhelm; Becking, Jan-Hendrik (2009).
3450:
Hyde, N. H. S.; Matthews, K.; Thompson, M.; Gale, R. (2009).
3302:
3042:
3008:
2889:
2876:
2830:
2695:
2500:
2242:
2194:, although without the disc it cannot determine the source's
1880:
1441:
1245:
1203:
1083:
1071:
1024:
1012:
891:
782:
731:
611:
599:
565:
4177:
Laudet, Frédéric; Denys, Christiane; Senegas, Frank (2002).
3707:"The birds of Páramo de Frontino, western Andes of Colombia"
3305:"Location of the transition zone of the barn owl subspecies
1340:
North America from southern Canada south to central Mexico;
2861:
2768:
2748:
2504:
2266:
2250:
2238:
2222:
1908:
1695:
1270:
1141:
1008:
486:
315:
285:
3813:
4247:
2885:, and are believed to give special powers when consumed.
2727:
2405:
2274:
2254:
477:
There are at least three major lineages of barn owl: the
435:
295:
5041:"Spooky owl provides natural rodent control for farmers"
4435:
Bunn, D. S.; Warburton, A. B.; Wilson, R. D. S. (2010).
1011:
in the south, where it reaches upstream to northeastern
756:
Barn owl, Canada, with detail of wings and tail feathers
5339:
Barn Owls: Predator-prey Relationships and Conservation
4733:
Aves y plantas de Fuerteventura en peligro de extinción
2595:
flat on the ground or crouching with wings spread out.
2233:. Even when they are plentiful, and other prey scarce,
5260:
4950:
4845:
4793:
2929:
5359:
Handbook of British Birds, Volume 2: Warblers to Owls
5242:. In del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J. (eds.).
4315:(A. Poole, Ed.). Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology;
3379:"'One-in-100,000' black barn owl meets Team C&AB"
3202:. The naturalist's Library. Vol. 1. p. 248.
5072:"Farmers, Conservationists Seek Return of Barn Owls"
2896:
consider the barn owl to be the mount and symbol of
2779:they are considered a Species of European Concern.
4405:
Journal of the East African Natural History Society
3780:
558:. As more species of owl were described, the genus
5262:
5237:
5012:"Almas y cuerpo en una tradición indígena tzeltal"
4691:. Ontario Recovery Strategy Series. February 2010.
3885:
3883:
2955:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T22688504A155542941.en
462:, to distinguish it from the other species in its
4428:
3749:. BritishBirds Rarities Committee. Archived from
739:). It instead produces a characteristic piercing
202:Barn owl screeches recorded in Ceredigion, Wales
6073:
4997:Almas y cuerpo en una tradición indígena tzeltal
2117:The barn owl is a bird of open country, such as
4729:"Aves de Fuerteventura en peligro de extinción"
3880:
3681:
3415:
3413:
2874:
2624:, several species of parasitic round worm, and
5130:
4919:
4327:
1915:Might include African populations assigned to
1593:or southern Mexico through Central America to
5483:—USGS Patuxent Bird Identification InfoCenter
5103:
4362:
3982:
3682:Traylor, Melvin A.; Parelius, Daniel (1967).
2817:, but altogether this particular subspecies (
2711:. It is wider-ranging than the also somewhat
2476:Three barn owl chicks threatening an intruder
1762:; breast region always pure unspotted white.
5495:—Blasco-Zumeta, Javier; Heinze, Gerd-Michael
5327:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
4540:
4538:
4285:
4283:
4225:
4223:
4221:
4219:
4217:
3774:
3740:
3684:"A collection of birds from the Ivory Coast"
3645:Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club
3427:
3425:
3410:
3156:
3154:
3152:
3150:
3148:
3146:
3144:
3142:
3140:
3138:
3136:
3134:
3132:
3130:
3128:
3126:
3124:
3122:
3120:
3118:
3116:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3108:
3106:
3104:
3102:
3100:
3098:
3096:
3094:
3092:
3090:
3088:
3086:
3084:
3082:
2997:(in Latin). C. G. Hilscheri. pp. 21–22.
2967:
2965:
1402:On Santa Cruz Island (the Galápagos Islands)
5135:[Poor barn owl with Thai beliefs].
5016:Archives de sciences sociales des religions
4726:
3834:
3832:
3830:
3828:
3806:
3804:
3080:
3078:
3076:
3074:
3072:
3070:
3068:
3066:
3064:
3062:
2978:. Harvard University Press. pp. 77–82.
2975:Check-list of Birds of the World. Volume IV
2159:, which probably evolved, respectively, in
1587:; less grey above, coarser speckles below.
890:shows a separation of the species into two
673:above the bill somewhat resembling a nose.
614:
5038:
4111:
3488:
3278:
3276:
3250:. Bombay: Bombay Natural History Society.
2685:
2460:
1857:– sometimes considered a separate species.
1659:– sometimes considered a separate species.
1494:– sometimes considered a separate species.
1421:– sometimes considered a separate species.
835:) as separate species. They proposed that
610:, 'owl') – compare English "hooter" – and
364:
217:
190:
172:
5390:
5379:Biological Journal of the Linnean Society
5023:
4889:Population ecology of raptors / monograph
4863:
4811:
4593:
4571:
4535:
4483:
4292:
4280:
4232:
4214:
4205:
3989:Sustainable Agriculture/Technical Reviews
3952:
3928:
3911:
3765:
3736:
3734:
3526:. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 46–48.
3434:
3422:
3401:
3298:
3296:
3294:
3292:
2962:
2953:
1356:(where it was extirpated) and in 1958 to
5449:, and does not reflect subsequent edits.
5432:
5356:
4196:
3825:
3801:
3620:
3602:Iranian Journal of Animal Biosystematics
3303:Mátics, Róbert; Hoffmann, Gyula (2002).
3264:
3059:
2796:
2730:) poisoning in the mid 20th century and
2689:
2651:
2507:, and other owls. Among the latter, the
2464:
2404:
2342:
2204:
2039:
1508:
1397:
1323:
1244:
1185:
1129:
986:
792:
751:
655:
5283:
5208:
5202:
5047:. University of Florida. Archived from
5009:
4994:
3677:
3675:
3673:
3351:
3273:
3245:
3192:
3172:. Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short.
2988:
1637:; smaller and noticeably short-winged.
958:, the following subspecies are listed:
14:
6102:Taxa named by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli
6074:
5335:
5157:
5032:
4441:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 177.
4356:
4170:
4134:
3731:
3553:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 209.
3456:) breeding in the wild in New Zealand"
3289:
2971:
2925:
2923:
2177:
865:International Ornithological Committee
592:literally means 'white owl', from the
5525:
5524:
5235:
5099:
5097:
4826:
4485:10.1093/oxfordjournals.beheco.a000371
4415:
4402:
4396:
4383:
3513:
3227:. British Trust for Ornithology. 2009
3215:
3213:
3211:
3209:
2739:. In the US, barn owls are listed as
963:
843:, which would include the subspecies
5942:67a858d7-5bea-42ac-90a3-31cf18fb25b3
5756:5e1cabe0-1078-487b-8df6-45331f0bc94d
5185:"People who give a hoot for raptors"
5133:"นแสกผู้น่าสงสารกับความเชื่อแบบไทยๆ"
4011:"Barn Owl | the Peregrine Fund"
3941:Neotropical Biology and Conservation
3743:"The daylight activity of barn owls"
3670:
3185:
1801:Endemic to the East Canary Islands (
1301:at the western border of its range.
1202:South American lowlands east of the
1111:African populations might belong to
917:clade, leading to the separation of
44:
6112:Extant Quaternary first appearances
6082:IUCN Red List least concern species
5069:
4886:
4393:. Croom Helm, Beckenham (UK). 1983.
4301:
4254:Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology
2941:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2920:
2851:
2413:, beginning to shed their nestling
1877:; upperparts lighter and yellower.
1337:, but usually more speckles below.
1035:in the Mediterranean, and the West
951:between more distinct populations.
24:
5475:Barn owl videos, photos and sounds
5419:
5366:
5094:
3206:
2989:Scopoli, Giovanni Antonio (1769).
25:
6123:
5400:
4313:The Birds of North America Online
3854:Journal of Comparative Physiology
3822:Ehrlich et al. (1994) pp. 250–254
3781:Meheretu Yonas; Leirs, H (2019).
3579:IOC World Bird List: Version 11.2
3352:Elliott, Rosanna (8 March 2019).
2900:, goddess of wealth and fortune.
905:, but this study did not include
554:. He gave it the scientific name
5431:
4614:South Coast Conservation Program
3968:
3282:Bruce (1999) pp 34–75, Svensson
2930:BirdLife International (2019) .
2209:Skull, showing the powerful beak
2095:
2075:
2044:Like most owls, the barn owl is
1970:; smaller and paler on average.
1726:, but breast region light buff.
1678:Northeastern Andes from western
943:, to the nearly black-and-brown
817:) was for some time included in
534:The barn owl was one of several
242:
97:
49:
38:. For the place in Siberia, see
5229:
5177:
5160:"Ministries hosts talk on owls"
5151:
5124:
5063:
5003:
4988:
4944:
4913:
4880:
4839:
4820:
4800:Bird Conservation International
4794:Palacios, César-Javier (2004).
4787:
4751:
4720:
4695:
4670:
4652:
4627:
4602:
4580:
4547:
4492:
4455:
4423:Owls of the Northern Hemisphere
4321:
4241:
4128:
4118:Rivista Italiana di Ornitologia
4105:
4085:
4057:
4026:
4017:
4003:
3976:
3841:
3698:
3629:
3593:
3567:
3540:
3482:
3443:
3371:
3345:
3239:
2109:Barn owls are not particularly
1843:, but less reddish. Face buff.
1794:but breast darker, approaching
1555:around the Egypt-Sudan border.
882:. According to Murray Bruce in
747:
27:Common cosmopolitan owl species
5342:. Cambridge University Press.
5239:"Family Tytonidae (Barn-owls)"
4887:Ian, Newton (1 January 2010).
3892:"Nest-box use by the barn owl
3385:. 3 March 2020. Archived from
3163:
3035:
3001:
2982:
2664:animal, the barn owl exhibits
2013:; paler in general. Resembles
1929:(Griscom & Greenway, 1937)
867:had not accepted the split of
651:
13:
1:
2913:
2660:Unusually for a medium-sized
2241:predominate in the diet, and
1258:More grey on upperparts than
4727:Álamo Tavío, Manuel (1975).
4635:"Barn Owl Recovery Strategy"
4425:. The MIT Press, 0262220350.
4037:at a roost in County Cork".
3741:Martin, Jeff (8 July 2013).
3651:(3): 339–346. Archived from
3491:"Introduced birds: Barn owl"
3466:(4): 169–175. Archived from
3452:"First record of barn owls (
3326:(2): 245–250. Archived from
2515:), in the Americas, and the
2003:(Parks & Phillips, 1978)
1960:(Parks & Phillips, 1978)
1269:Central Europe north of the
831:) and the Curaçao barn owl (
606:
572:
529:
7:
5493:Ageing and sexing barn owls
5489:—Cornell Lab of Ornithology
5269:. Oxford University Press.
5131:Pattanamongkol, T. (2018).
5018:(in Spanish) (112): 31–48.
4186:Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia
3419:Witherby (1943) pp. 343–347
3320:Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia
2995:Annus I Historico-Naturalis
2647:
2644:, which attacks nestlings.
2437:
2338:
1813:; perhaps formerly also on
1613:; doubtfully distinct from
1563:; doubtfully distinct from
1547:Islands; introduced to the
788:
446:regions, Asia north of the
58:It has been suggested that
10:
6128:
4928:. WildCare. Archived from
4276:– via Springer Link.
3313:(Strigiformes: Tytonidae)"
3043:
3009:
2972:Peters, James Lee (1964).
2495:, and similar carnivorous
600:
580:, and the barn owl became
566:
458:. It is also known as the
29:
5533:
5477:—Internet Bird Collection
4813:10.1017/S0959270904000255
4599:Taylor (2004) pp. 242–261
4544:Taylor (2004) pp. 203–215
4298:Taylor (2004) pp. 108–120
4266:10.1007/s00265-016-2114-2
4238:Taylor (2004) pp. 136–148
4211:Taylor (2004) pp. 121–135
2948:: e.T22688504A155542941.
2694:Barn owl on Lithuanian 5
2202:plantations of Malaysia.
2028:Doubtfully distinct from
1989:Doubtfully distinct from
1946:Doubtfully distinct from
1907:and east to southwestern
972:
969:
966:
913:and other members of the
546:physician and naturalist
384:
377:
372:
363:
344:
337:
239:Scientific classification
237:
215:
206:
201:
189:
180:
171:
88:
75:Proposed since June 2024.
5487:Barn owl species account
5361:. H. F. and G. Witherby.
5357:Witherby, H. F. (1943).
5307:. Harper & Collins.
5076:National Geographic News
4922:"Nesting Boxes Overview"
4761:Tyto alba gracilirostris
4289:Shawyer (1994) pp. 88–90
4229:Shawyer (1994) pp. 67–87
3771:Taylor (2004) pp. 96–107
3248:The Book of Indian Birds
2622:Paruternia candelabraria
2581:Haliaeetus leucocephalus
2483:of the barn owl include
1360:(where it still lives).
999:Western Europe from the
730:or other members of the
552:Anni Historico-Naturales
548:Giovanni Antonio Scopoli
6087:Birds described in 1769
5284:Shawyer, Colin (1994).
4954:Pest Management Science
4501:The American Naturalist
4202:Taylor (2004) pp. 91–95
3995:: 14–16. Archived from
3954:10.4013/nbc.2016.111.03
3838:Taylor (2004) pp. 29–46
3810:Taylor (2004) pp. 47–61
3720:: 39–50. Archived from
3383:Cage & Aviary Birds
3270:Taylor (2004) pp. 19–22
3025:A Greek–English Lexicon
2686:Status and conservation
2485:large American opossums
2461:Predators and parasites
1822:Canary Islands barn owl
1365:North American barn owl
584:in the barn-owl family
5427:
5407:Listen to this article
5104:Kerdmamai, S. (2022).
4093:"Tyto alba (Barn owl)"
4065:"Barn owl (Tyto alba)"
3983:Ingles, Chuck (1995).
3714:Ornitología Colombiana
3160:Bruce (1999) pp. 34–75
2910:have also been found.
2875:
2806:
2801:Captive barn owl near
2699:
2657:
2608:Ornithomyia avicularia
2567:) and scarcely larger
2477:
2417:
2352:
2210:
1773:in the Mediterranean.
1517:
1403:
1329:
1254:
1191:
1134:
992:
806:
757:
661:
615:
373:Global range in green
6015:Paleobiology Database
6002:Paleobiology Database
5470:Barn owl brain images
5426:
5336:Taylor, Iain (2004).
5236:Bruce, M. D. (1999).
4891:. T & AD Poyser.
4377:10.1093/auk/101.1.175
4135:Bonnot, Paul (1928).
3727:on 24 September 2015.
3016:Liddell, Henry George
2842:population management
2800:
2693:
2655:
2529:Verreaux's eagle-owls
2475:
2408:
2346:
2306:Oceanodroma leucorhoa
2208:
2040:Behaviour and ecology
1903:coastlands, south to
1867:(W. L. Sclater, 1921)
1692:Cordillera Occidental
1512:
1401:
1371:; might also include
1327:
1248:
1210:all the way south to
1189:
1133:
990:
796:
755:
715:are covered in white
659:
5751:Fauna Europaea (new)
5504:4 March 2018 at the
5458:More spoken articles
5209:Gautier, A. (2005),
5108:[Barn owl].
5010:Pitarch, P. (2000).
4995:Pitarch, P. (2000).
4920:Hungry Owl Project.
4865:10.5253/078.097.0410
4707:Simplywildcanada.com
4137:"An outlaw Barn Owl"
4098:Animal Diversity Web
3999:on 28 November 2011.
3913:10.5253/078.097.0410
3440:Shawyer (1994) p. 91
3431:Shawyer (1994) p. 10
3407:Taylor (2004) p. 169
2883:traditional medicine
2819:T. a. gracilirostris
2302:Leach's storm petrel
2174:or southern France.
1781:T. a. gracilirostris
1752:(Kleinschmidt, 1901)
1058:). Intergrades with
991:Light-coloured adult
68:into this article. (
34:. For the band, see
5039:Spence, C. (1999).
4932:on 13 November 2017
3753:on 9 September 2016
3658:on 27 February 2012
3626:Taylor (2004) p. 24
3489:Denny, Jim (2006).
3389:on 11 February 2022
3358:Eastern Daily Press
2864:. For example, the
2178:Hunting and feeding
2168:southeastern Europe
2102:A barn owl's talons
2022:Isla de la Juventud
1855:Cape Verde barn owl
1803:Chinijo Archipelago
1798:. Face light buff.
1551:. Intergrades with
1390:T. a. punctatissima
1297:. Intergrades with
1240:(C. L. Brehm, 1831)
930:nominate subspecies
857:T. d. crassirostris
209:Conservation status
6092:Cosmopolitan birds
5634:BirdLife-Australia
5428:
5305:Collins Bird Guide
5082:on 2 November 2002
5025:10.4000/assr.20245
4472:Behavioral Ecology
4421:Voous, K.H. 1988.
4389:Steyn, P. (1983).
3866:10.1007/BF00663106
3787:. SpringerNature.
3286:(1999) pp. 212–213
3199:Strigidae, or Owls
3175:A Latin Dictionary
2807:
2777:European Community
2741:endangered species
2700:
2698:silver coin (2002)
2658:
2636:bursa of Fabricius
2626:spiny-headed worms
2565:Accipiter cooperii
2549:Accipiter gentilis
2517:Eurasian eagle-owl
2478:
2418:
2358:temperate climates
2353:
2211:
2088:Brewer's blackbird
2062:black-headed gulls
2009:Large. Similar to
1848:Cape Verde Islands
1790:Small. Similar to
1735:Porto Santo Island
1722:Small. Similar to
1688:Cordillera Central
1529:Sub-Saharan Africa
1518:
1419:Galápagos barn owl
1404:
1393:(G. R. Grey, 1838)
1330:
1273:from the Rhine to
1255:
1192:
1165:Caribbean barn owl
1152:(rare or possibly
1135:
993:
863:. As of 2021, the
807:
801:(left) and female
758:
662:
660:Barn owl in flight
452:Indonesian islands
432:widely distributed
95:Quaternary–present
6069:
6068:
5989:Open Tree of Life
5527:Taxon identifiers
5499:Barn owl feathers
5424:
5392:10.1111/bij.12824
5349:978-0-521-54587-7
5314:978-0-00-219728-1
5295:978-0-600-57949-6
5276:978-0-19-858407-0
5253:978-84-87334-25-2
5246:. Lynx Edicions.
5221:: 139–170 journal
4739:on 6 October 2014
4666:. 28 August 2017.
4573:10.1111/ibi.12593
4448:978-1-4081-3961-5
4114:Tyto alba detorta
3794:978-3-030-04954-6
3688:Fieldiana Zoology
3560:978-1-4081-0884-0
3550:Owls of the World
3533:978-1-4081-0884-0
3523:Owls of the World
3311:Tyto alba guttata
3257:978-0-19-563731-1
2745:Midwestern states
2707:, after only the
2641:Carnus hemapterus
2589:Aquila chrysaetos
2473:
2037:
2036:
2033:
2004:
1994:
1961:
1951:
1930:
1920:
1901:Arabian Peninsula
1868:
1858:
1834:
1824:
1785:
1753:
1717:
1707:
1670:
1660:
1628:
1618:
1578:
1568:
1505:
1495:
1492:São Tomé barn owl
1463:
1453:
1432:
1422:
1412:Galápagos islands
1394:
1384:
1320:
1319:(Bonaparte, 1838)
1310:
1293:and the southern
1241:
1231:
1206:and south of the
1182:
1181:(J.E. Gray, 1829)
1172:
1126:
1116:
983:
888:mitochondrial DNA
861:T. d. interposita
632:golden masked owl
507:American barn owl
418:
417:
232:
195:
185:, United Kingdom
82:
81:
77:
16:(Redirected from
6119:
6062:
6061:
6049:
6048:
6036:
6035:
6023:
6022:
6010:
6009:
5997:
5996:
5984:
5983:
5971:
5970:
5958:
5957:
5945:
5944:
5935:
5934:
5925:
5924:
5912:
5911:
5899:
5898:
5896:NHMSYS0000530685
5886:
5885:
5873:
5872:
5860:
5859:
5847:
5846:
5834:
5833:
5821:
5820:
5808:
5807:
5795:
5794:
5785:
5784:
5772:
5771:
5759:
5758:
5746:
5745:
5733:
5732:
5720:
5719:
5707:
5706:
5694:
5693:
5681:
5680:
5668:
5667:
5655:
5654:
5642:
5641:
5629:
5628:
5616:
5615:
5606:
5605:
5603:96B91A6873827284
5593:
5592:
5580:
5579:
5569:
5568:
5567:
5554:
5553:
5552:
5522:
5521:
5448:
5446:
5435:
5434:
5425:
5415:
5413:
5408:
5396:
5394:
5362:
5353:
5332:
5326:
5318:
5299:
5280:
5268:
5257:
5241:
5223:
5222:
5206:
5200:
5199:
5197:
5195:
5181:
5175:
5174:
5172:
5170:
5155:
5149:
5148:
5146:
5144:
5128:
5122:
5121:
5119:
5117:
5101:
5092:
5091:
5089:
5087:
5078:. Archived from
5067:
5061:
5060:
5058:
5056:
5036:
5030:
5029:
5027:
5007:
5001:
5000:
4992:
4986:
4985:
4948:
4942:
4941:
4939:
4937:
4917:
4911:
4910:
4884:
4878:
4877:
4867:
4843:
4837:
4836:
4824:
4818:
4817:
4815:
4791:
4785:
4784:
4782:
4780:
4774:
4767:
4755:
4749:
4748:
4746:
4744:
4724:
4718:
4717:
4715:
4713:
4703:"Owls of Canada"
4699:
4693:
4692:
4689:Files.ontario.ca
4686:
4674:
4668:
4667:
4656:
4650:
4649:
4647:
4645:
4631:
4625:
4624:
4622:
4620:
4606:
4600:
4597:
4591:
4584:
4578:
4577:
4575:
4551:
4545:
4542:
4533:
4532:
4496:
4490:
4489:
4487:
4459:
4453:
4452:
4432:
4426:
4419:
4413:
4412:
4400:
4394:
4387:
4381:
4380:
4360:
4354:
4353:
4325:
4319:
4305:
4299:
4296:
4290:
4287:
4278:
4277:
4245:
4239:
4236:
4230:
4227:
4212:
4209:
4203:
4200:
4194:
4193:
4183:
4174:
4168:
4167:
4141:
4132:
4126:
4125:
4109:
4103:
4102:
4089:
4083:
4082:
4080:
4078:
4069:
4061:
4055:
4054:
4030:
4024:
4021:
4015:
4014:
4007:
4001:
4000:
3980:
3974:
3973:
3972:
3966:
3956:
3932:
3926:
3925:
3915:
3887:
3878:
3877:
3845:
3839:
3836:
3823:
3820:
3811:
3808:
3799:
3798:
3778:
3772:
3769:
3763:
3762:
3760:
3758:
3738:
3729:
3728:
3726:
3711:
3702:
3696:
3695:
3679:
3668:
3667:
3665:
3663:
3657:
3642:
3633:
3627:
3624:
3618:
3617:
3597:
3591:
3590:
3588:
3586:
3571:
3565:
3564:
3544:
3538:
3537:
3517:
3511:
3510:
3508:
3506:
3497:. Archived from
3486:
3480:
3479:
3477:
3475:
3470:on 10 April 2017
3447:
3441:
3438:
3432:
3429:
3420:
3417:
3408:
3405:
3399:
3398:
3396:
3394:
3375:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3364:
3349:
3343:
3342:
3340:
3338:
3332:
3317:
3300:
3287:
3280:
3271:
3268:
3262:
3261:
3246:Ali, S. (1993).
3243:
3237:
3236:
3234:
3232:
3225:(Scopoli, 1769)"
3217:
3204:
3203:
3194:Jardine, William
3189:
3183:
3167:
3161:
3158:
3057:
3046:
3045:
3039:
3033:
3012:
3011:
3005:
2999:
2998:
2986:
2980:
2979:
2969:
2960:
2959:
2957:
2927:
2880:
2852:Cultural aspects
2788:British Columbia
2709:peregrine falcon
2545:northern goshawk
2513:Bubo virginianus
2509:great horned owl
2474:
2349:Museum Wiesbaden
2347:Egg, Collection
2099:
2079:
2027:
2002:
2000:T. a. niveicauda
1988:
1959:
1945:
1928:
1914:
1866:
1853:
1832:
1820:
1783:
1751:
1715:
1701:
1682:through eastern
1668:
1657:Curaçao barn owl
1655:
1626:
1608:
1583:Similar to dark
1576:
1574:T. a. guatemalae
1558:
1531:, including the
1503:
1490:
1483:. A record from
1462:(Hartlaub, 1852)
1461:
1447:
1430:
1417:
1392:
1363:
1354:Lord Howe Island
1352:; introduced to
1318:
1316:T. a. pratincola
1304:
1239:
1221:
1216:Falkland Islands
1212:Tierra del Fuego
1180:
1167:– might include
1163:
1125:(Temminck, 1827)
1124:
1089:
1029:Balearic Islands
981:
961:
960:
907:T. a. delicatula
901:and a New World
849:T. d. sumbaensis
845:T. d. delicatula
841:eastern barn owl
837:T. a. delicatula
775:Lord Howe Island
618:
609:
603:
602:
575:
569:
568:
564:(from the Greek
495:eastern barn owl
479:western barn owl
395:Strix pratincola
368:
350:
247:
246:
226:
221:
220:
197:
196:
176:
166:
96:
92:Temporal range:
86:
85:
73:
61:Western barn owl
53:
52:
45:
21:
6127:
6126:
6122:
6121:
6120:
6118:
6117:
6116:
6072:
6071:
6070:
6065:
6057:
6052:
6044:
6039:
6031:
6026:
6018:
6013:
6005:
6000:
5992:
5987:
5979:
5974:
5966:
5961:
5953:
5950:Observation.org
5948:
5940:
5938:
5930:
5928:
5920:
5915:
5907:
5902:
5894:
5889:
5881:
5876:
5868:
5863:
5855:
5850:
5842:
5837:
5829:
5824:
5816:
5811:
5803:
5798:
5790:
5788:
5780:
5775:
5767:
5762:
5754:
5749:
5741:
5736:
5728:
5723:
5715:
5710:
5702:
5697:
5689:
5684:
5676:
5671:
5663:
5658:
5650:
5645:
5637:
5632:
5624:
5619:
5611:
5609:
5601:
5596:
5588:
5583:
5577:
5572:
5563:
5562:
5557:
5548:
5547:
5542:
5529:
5511:Barn Owl sounds
5506:Wayback Machine
5462:
5461:
5450:
5444:
5442:
5439:This audio file
5436:
5429:
5420:
5417:
5411:
5410:
5406:
5403:
5369:
5367:Further reading
5350:
5320:
5319:
5315:
5296:
5277:
5254:
5232:
5227:
5226:
5207:
5203:
5193:
5191:
5183:
5182:
5178:
5168:
5166:
5156:
5152:
5142:
5140:
5129:
5125:
5115:
5113:
5102:
5095:
5085:
5083:
5068:
5064:
5054:
5052:
5051:on 7 March 2014
5037:
5033:
5008:
5004:
4993:
4989:
4966:10.1002/ps.3289
4949:
4945:
4935:
4933:
4918:
4914:
4899:
4885:
4881:
4844:
4840:
4825:
4821:
4792:
4788:
4778:
4776:
4775:on 18 July 2015
4772:
4765:
4757:
4756:
4752:
4742:
4740:
4725:
4721:
4711:
4709:
4701:
4700:
4696:
4684:
4676:
4675:
4671:
4658:
4657:
4653:
4643:
4641:
4633:
4632:
4628:
4618:
4616:
4608:
4607:
4603:
4598:
4594:
4585:
4581:
4552:
4548:
4543:
4536:
4497:
4493:
4460:
4456:
4449:
4433:
4429:
4420:
4416:
4401:
4397:
4388:
4384:
4361:
4357:
4342:10.2307/1368658
4326:
4322:
4306:
4302:
4297:
4293:
4288:
4281:
4246:
4242:
4237:
4233:
4228:
4215:
4210:
4206:
4201:
4197:
4181:
4175:
4171:
4156:10.2307/1363231
4139:
4133:
4129:
4124:(3–4): 154–166.
4110:
4106:
4091:
4090:
4086:
4076:
4074:
4067:
4063:
4062:
4058:
4031:
4027:
4022:
4018:
4009:
4008:
4004:
3981:
3977:
3967:
3933:
3929:
3888:
3881:
3846:
3842:
3837:
3826:
3821:
3814:
3809:
3802:
3795:
3779:
3775:
3770:
3766:
3756:
3754:
3739:
3732:
3724:
3709:
3703:
3699:
3680:
3671:
3661:
3659:
3655:
3640:
3634:
3630:
3625:
3621:
3598:
3594:
3584:
3582:
3573:
3572:
3568:
3561:
3545:
3541:
3534:
3518:
3514:
3504:
3502:
3501:on 4 March 2016
3495:Birds of Kaua'i
3487:
3483:
3473:
3471:
3448:
3444:
3439:
3435:
3430:
3423:
3418:
3411:
3406:
3402:
3392:
3390:
3377:
3376:
3372:
3362:
3360:
3350:
3346:
3336:
3334:
3333:on 4 March 2016
3330:
3315:
3301:
3290:
3281:
3274:
3269:
3265:
3258:
3244:
3240:
3230:
3228:
3219:
3218:
3207:
3190:
3186:
3180:Perseus Project
3168:
3164:
3159:
3060:
3040:
3036:
3030:Perseus Project
3006:
3002:
2987:
2983:
2970:
2963:
2928:
2921:
2916:
2906:barn owls from
2854:
2688:
2650:
2615:Strigea strigis
2537:Cape eagle-owls
2465:
2463:
2450:primary feather
2440:
2409:Brood prior to
2400:Corvus monedula
2384:Scopus umbretta
2341:
2180:
2164:glacial refugia
2140:flight feathers
2107:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2103:
2100:
2092:
2091:
2080:
2042:
1926:T. a. hellmayri
1864:T. a. erlangeri
1846:Endemic to the
1833:(Hartert, 1913)
1784:(Hartert, 1905)
1737:in the eastern
1716:(Hartert, 1900)
1669:(Hartert, 1898)
1666:T. a. contempta
1627:(Hartert, 1892)
1577:(Ridgway, 1874)
1481:São Tomé Island
1459:T. a. thomensis
1410:Endemic to the
1328:Adult in flight
1289:, northeastern
1285:, and south to
1110:
1091:common barn owl
1086:-Sudan border.
982:(Scopoli, 1769)
869:Tyto delicatula
791:
750:
687:tarsometatarsal
654:
542:in 1769 by the
532:
460:common barn owl
456:Pacific Islands
414:
405:Tyto delicatula
391:(Scopoli, 1769)
359:
352:
346:
333:
241:
233:
222:
218:
211:
191:
167:
165:
164:
163:
162:
157:
152:
147:
142:
137:
132:
127:
122:
117:
112:
107:
102:
94:
93:
90:
78:
54:
50:
43:
36:Barn Owl (band)
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6125:
6115:
6114:
6109:
6104:
6099:
6094:
6089:
6084:
6067:
6066:
6064:
6063:
6050:
6037:
6024:
6011:
5998:
5985:
5972:
5959:
5946:
5936:
5926:
5913:
5900:
5887:
5874:
5861:
5848:
5835:
5822:
5809:
5796:
5786:
5773:
5760:
5747:
5738:Fauna Europaea
5734:
5721:
5708:
5695:
5682:
5669:
5656:
5643:
5630:
5617:
5607:
5594:
5581:
5570:
5555:
5539:
5537:
5531:
5530:
5519:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5496:
5490:
5484:
5478:
5472:
5451:
5437:
5430:
5418:
5405:
5404:
5402:
5401:External links
5399:
5398:
5397:
5385:(4): 904–918.
5368:
5365:
5364:
5363:
5354:
5348:
5333:
5313:
5300:
5294:
5281:
5275:
5258:
5252:
5231:
5228:
5225:
5224:
5201:
5176:
5150:
5123:
5093:
5062:
5031:
5002:
4987:
4960:(3): 444–450.
4943:
4912:
4898:978-1408138533
4897:
4879:
4858:(4): 463–467.
4838:
4819:
4806:(3): 203–213.
4786:
4763:Hartert, 1905"
4750:
4719:
4694:
4669:
4651:
4626:
4601:
4592:
4579:
4566:(2): 147–161.
4546:
4534:
4513:10.1086/510215
4491:
4478:(1): 103–110.
4454:
4447:
4427:
4414:
4395:
4382:
4355:
4336:(3): 668–670.
4320:
4300:
4291:
4279:
4260:(6): 927–937.
4240:
4231:
4213:
4204:
4195:
4169:
4150:(5): 320–329.
4127:
4104:
4084:
4056:
4025:
4016:
4002:
3975:
3943:(in Spanish).
3927:
3906:(4): 463–467.
3879:
3840:
3824:
3812:
3800:
3793:
3773:
3764:
3730:
3697:
3669:
3628:
3619:
3592:
3566:
3559:
3539:
3532:
3512:
3481:
3442:
3433:
3421:
3409:
3400:
3370:
3344:
3307:Tyto alba alba
3288:
3272:
3263:
3256:
3238:
3205:
3184:
3162:
3058:
3034:
3000:
2981:
2961:
2918:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2866:Tzeltal people
2853:
2850:
2811:Canary Islands
2775:), and in the
2724:organochlorine
2687:
2684:
2649:
2646:
2631:Centrorhynchus
2553:common buzzard
2493:common raccoon
2462:
2459:
2439:
2436:
2340:
2337:
2328:metabolic rate
2179:
2176:
2101:
2094:
2093:
2081:
2074:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2041:
2038:
2035:
2034:
2025:
2018:
2007:
2005:
1996:
1995:
1986:
1971:
1964:
1962:
1953:
1952:
1943:
1940:
1939:, but larger.
1933:
1931:
1922:
1921:
1912:
1899:including the
1885:Aegean islands
1878:
1871:
1869:
1860:
1859:
1851:
1844:
1837:
1835:
1826:
1825:
1818:
1799:
1788:
1786:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1763:
1756:
1754:
1745:
1744:
1742:
1727:
1720:
1718:
1713:T. a. schmitzi
1709:
1708:
1699:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1662:
1661:
1653:
1638:
1631:
1629:
1620:
1619:
1606:
1588:
1581:
1579:
1570:
1569:
1556:
1526:
1519:
1506:
1497:
1496:
1488:
1477:
1466:
1464:
1455:
1454:
1445:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1431:(Fraser, 1842)
1424:
1423:
1415:
1408:
1405:
1395:
1386:
1385:
1361:
1338:
1331:
1321:
1312:
1311:
1302:
1267:
1256:
1242:
1233:
1232:
1219:
1214:; also on the
1200:
1193:
1183:
1174:
1173:
1161:
1150:Cayman Islands
1139:
1136:
1127:
1118:
1117:
1087:
1070:and along the
1037:Canary Islands
997:
994:
984:
975:
974:
971:
968:
965:
911:T. a. stertens
880:phylogeography
811:ashy-faced owl
799:Tyto alba alba
790:
787:
771:Norfolk Island
749:
746:
653:
650:
538:of bird first
531:
528:
499:Southeast Asia
430:) is the most
416:
415:
413:
412:
402:
392:
385:
382:
381:
375:
374:
370:
369:
361:
360:
353:
342:
341:
335:
334:
327:
325:
321:
320:
313:
309:
308:
303:
299:
298:
293:
289:
288:
283:
279:
278:
273:
269:
268:
263:
259:
258:
253:
249:
248:
235:
234:
216:
213:
212:
207:
204:
203:
199:
198:
187:
186:
178:
177:
169:
168:
160:
159:
158:
153:
148:
143:
138:
133:
128:
123:
118:
113:
108:
103:
98:
91:
80:
79:
57:
55:
48:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6124:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6095:
6093:
6090:
6088:
6085:
6083:
6080:
6079:
6077:
6060:
6055:
6051:
6047:
6042:
6038:
6034:
6029:
6025:
6021:
6016:
6012:
6008:
6003:
5999:
5995:
5990:
5986:
5982:
5977:
5973:
5969:
5964:
5960:
5956:
5951:
5947:
5943:
5937:
5933:
5927:
5923:
5918:
5914:
5910:
5905:
5901:
5897:
5892:
5888:
5884:
5879:
5875:
5871:
5866:
5862:
5858:
5853:
5849:
5845:
5840:
5836:
5832:
5827:
5823:
5819:
5814:
5810:
5806:
5801:
5797:
5793:
5787:
5783:
5778:
5774:
5770:
5765:
5761:
5757:
5752:
5748:
5744:
5739:
5735:
5731:
5726:
5722:
5718:
5713:
5709:
5705:
5700:
5696:
5692:
5687:
5683:
5679:
5674:
5670:
5666:
5661:
5657:
5653:
5648:
5644:
5640:
5635:
5631:
5627:
5622:
5618:
5614:
5608:
5604:
5599:
5595:
5591:
5586:
5582:
5575:
5571:
5566:
5560:
5556:
5551:
5545:
5541:
5540:
5538:
5536:
5532:
5528:
5523:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5503:
5500:
5497:
5494:
5491:
5488:
5485:
5482:
5479:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5467:
5464:
5463:
5459:
5455:
5440:
5393:
5388:
5384:
5380:
5376:
5371:
5370:
5360:
5355:
5351:
5345:
5341:
5340:
5334:
5330:
5324:
5316:
5310:
5306:
5301:
5297:
5291:
5287:
5282:
5278:
5272:
5267:
5266:
5259:
5255:
5249:
5245:
5240:
5234:
5233:
5220:
5216:
5212:
5205:
5190:
5186:
5180:
5165:
5161:
5154:
5138:
5134:
5127:
5111:
5107:
5100:
5098:
5081:
5077:
5073:
5066:
5050:
5046:
5042:
5035:
5026:
5021:
5017:
5013:
5006:
4998:
4991:
4983:
4979:
4975:
4971:
4967:
4963:
4959:
4955:
4947:
4931:
4927:
4923:
4916:
4908:
4904:
4900:
4894:
4890:
4883:
4875:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4857:
4853:
4849:
4842:
4834:
4830:
4823:
4814:
4809:
4805:
4801:
4797:
4790:
4771:
4764:
4762:
4754:
4738:
4734:
4730:
4723:
4708:
4704:
4698:
4690:
4683:
4681:
4673:
4665:
4661:
4655:
4640:
4636:
4630:
4615:
4611:
4605:
4596:
4589:
4583:
4574:
4569:
4565:
4561:
4557:
4550:
4541:
4539:
4530:
4526:
4522:
4518:
4514:
4510:
4506:
4502:
4495:
4486:
4481:
4477:
4473:
4469:
4467:
4458:
4450:
4444:
4440:
4439:
4431:
4424:
4418:
4410:
4406:
4399:
4392:
4386:
4378:
4374:
4370:
4366:
4359:
4351:
4347:
4343:
4339:
4335:
4331:
4324:
4318:
4314:
4310:
4304:
4295:
4286:
4284:
4275:
4271:
4267:
4263:
4259:
4255:
4251:
4244:
4235:
4226:
4224:
4222:
4220:
4218:
4208:
4199:
4191:
4187:
4180:
4173:
4165:
4161:
4157:
4153:
4149:
4145:
4138:
4131:
4123:
4120:(in French).
4119:
4115:
4108:
4100:
4099:
4094:
4088:
4073:
4066:
4060:
4052:
4048:
4044:
4040:
4036:
4029:
4020:
4012:
4006:
3998:
3994:
3990:
3986:
3979:
3971:
3964:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3946:
3942:
3938:
3931:
3923:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3905:
3901:
3897:
3895:
3886:
3884:
3875:
3871:
3867:
3863:
3859:
3855:
3851:
3844:
3835:
3833:
3831:
3829:
3819:
3817:
3807:
3805:
3796:
3790:
3786:
3785:
3777:
3768:
3752:
3748:
3744:
3737:
3735:
3723:
3719:
3715:
3708:
3701:
3693:
3689:
3685:
3678:
3676:
3674:
3654:
3650:
3646:
3639:
3632:
3623:
3615:
3611:
3607:
3603:
3596:
3580:
3576:
3570:
3562:
3556:
3552:
3551:
3543:
3535:
3529:
3525:
3524:
3516:
3500:
3496:
3492:
3485:
3469:
3465:
3461:
3457:
3455:
3446:
3437:
3428:
3426:
3416:
3414:
3404:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3374:
3359:
3355:
3348:
3329:
3325:
3321:
3314:
3312:
3308:
3299:
3297:
3295:
3293:
3285:
3279:
3277:
3267:
3259:
3253:
3249:
3242:
3226:
3224:
3216:
3214:
3212:
3210:
3201:
3200:
3195:
3188:
3181:
3177:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3157:
3155:
3153:
3151:
3149:
3147:
3145:
3143:
3141:
3139:
3137:
3135:
3133:
3131:
3129:
3127:
3125:
3123:
3121:
3119:
3117:
3115:
3113:
3111:
3109:
3107:
3105:
3103:
3101:
3099:
3097:
3095:
3093:
3091:
3089:
3087:
3085:
3083:
3081:
3079:
3077:
3075:
3073:
3071:
3069:
3067:
3065:
3063:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3038:
3031:
3027:
3026:
3021:
3020:Scott, Robert
3017:
3013:
3004:
2996:
2992:
2985:
2977:
2976:
2968:
2966:
2956:
2951:
2947:
2943:
2942:
2937:
2935:
2926:
2924:
2919:
2911:
2909:
2908:Ancient Egypt
2905:
2901:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2886:
2884:
2879:
2878:
2872:
2867:
2863:
2859:
2849:
2847:
2843:
2838:
2834:
2832:
2828:
2827:Fuerteventura
2824:
2820:
2816:
2812:
2804:
2799:
2795:
2793:
2789:
2785:
2780:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2720:IUCN Red List
2717:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2697:
2692:
2683:
2681:
2677:
2672:
2670:
2668:
2663:
2654:
2645:
2643:
2642:
2637:
2633:
2632:
2628:in the genus
2627:
2623:
2620:
2616:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2604:feather mites
2601:
2596:
2592:
2590:
2586:
2585:golden eagles
2582:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2562:
2561:Cooper's hawk
2558:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2499:, as well as
2498:
2494:
2490:
2486:
2482:
2458:
2454:
2451:
2446:
2435:
2433:
2427:
2424:
2416:
2412:
2407:
2403:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2392:Procyon lotor
2389:
2385:
2381:
2376:
2374:
2368:
2366:
2361:
2359:
2350:
2345:
2336:
2333:
2329:
2324:
2322:
2321:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2278:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2207:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2175:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2153:T. a. guttata
2149:
2145:
2141:
2136:
2135:Degua Tembien
2132:
2129:, such as in
2128:
2124:
2120:
2115:
2112:
2098:
2090:in California
2089:
2085:
2078:
2069:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2031:
2026:
2023:
2019:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2006:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1969:
1965:
1963:
1958:
1955:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1934:
1932:
1927:
1924:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1883:and southern
1882:
1879:
1876:
1872:
1870:
1865:
1862:
1861:
1856:
1852:
1849:
1845:
1842:
1838:
1836:
1831:
1830:T. a. detorta
1828:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1807:Fuerteventura
1804:
1800:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1787:
1782:
1779:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1761:
1757:
1755:
1750:
1749:T. a. ernesti
1747:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1725:
1721:
1719:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1686:(rare in the
1685:
1681:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1667:
1664:
1663:
1658:
1654:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1636:
1632:
1630:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1616:
1612:
1607:
1604:
1603:Pearl Islands
1600:
1596:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1582:
1580:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1566:
1562:
1557:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1511:
1507:
1504:(Blyth, 1862)
1502:
1501:T. a. affinis
1499:
1498:
1493:
1489:
1487:is in error.
1486:
1482:
1478:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1465:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1443:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1429:
1428:T. a. poensis
1426:
1425:
1420:
1416:
1413:
1409:
1406:
1400:
1396:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1336:
1332:
1326:
1322:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1243:
1238:
1237:T. a. guttata
1235:
1234:
1229:
1226:and possibly
1225:
1220:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1198:
1194:
1188:
1184:
1179:
1178:T. a. tuidara
1176:
1175:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1132:
1128:
1123:
1122:T. a. furcata
1120:
1119:
1114:
1108:
1104:
1103:kleinschmidti
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1017:Aïr Mountains
1014:
1010:
1006:
1003:south to the
1002:
1001:British Isles
998:
995:
989:
985:
980:
977:
976:
962:
959:
957:
952:
950:
946:
942:
938:
934:
931:
926:
924:
923:Tyto javanica
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
899:
893:
889:
885:
881:
876:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
829:
824:
820:
816:
812:
804:
803:T. a. guttata
800:
795:
786:
784:
780:
776:
772:
766:
764:
754:
745:
742:
738:
737:
733:
729:
725:
720:
718:
714:
710:
705:
703:
699:
694:
692:
688:
684:
680:
674:
671:
667:
658:
649:
647:
646:
642:in the genus
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
620:
617:
613:
608:
598:
597:Ancient Greek
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
574:
563:
562:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
527:
525:
524:IUCN Red List
521:
520:Least Concern
515:
513:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
475:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
428:
423:
410:
406:
403:
400:
396:
393:
390:
387:
386:
383:
380:
376:
371:
367:
362:
357:
351:
349:
343:
340:
339:Binomial name
336:
332:
331:
326:
323:
322:
319:
318:
314:
311:
310:
307:
304:
301:
300:
297:
294:
291:
290:
287:
284:
281:
280:
277:
274:
271:
270:
267:
264:
261:
260:
257:
254:
251:
250:
245:
240:
236:
230:
225:
224:Least Concern
214:
210:
205:
200:
188:
184:
179:
175:
170:
156:
151:
146:
141:
136:
131:
126:
121:
116:
111:
106:
101:
87:
84:
76:
71:
67:
63:
62:
56:
47:
46:
41:
37:
33:
19:
5534:
5382:
5378:
5358:
5338:
5304:
5286:The Barn Owl
5285:
5264:
5243:
5230:Bibliography
5218:
5215:Archaeofauna
5214:
5204:
5192:. Retrieved
5188:
5179:
5167:. Retrieved
5163:
5153:
5141:. Retrieved
5136:
5126:
5114:. Retrieved
5109:
5084:. Retrieved
5080:the original
5075:
5070:Brendle, A.
5065:
5053:. Retrieved
5049:the original
5044:
5034:
5015:
5005:
4996:
4990:
4974:10261/142639
4957:
4953:
4946:
4934:. Retrieved
4930:the original
4925:
4915:
4888:
4882:
4855:
4851:
4841:
4832:
4828:
4822:
4803:
4799:
4789:
4779:19 September
4777:. Retrieved
4770:the original
4760:
4753:
4743:18 September
4741:. Retrieved
4737:the original
4732:
4722:
4710:. Retrieved
4706:
4697:
4688:
4679:
4672:
4663:
4654:
4642:. Retrieved
4638:
4629:
4617:. Retrieved
4613:
4604:
4595:
4587:
4582:
4563:
4559:
4549:
4507:(1): 47–61.
4504:
4500:
4494:
4475:
4471:
4465:
4457:
4438:The Barn Owl
4437:
4430:
4422:
4417:
4408:
4404:
4398:
4390:
4385:
4368:
4364:
4358:
4333:
4329:
4323:
4312:
4308:
4303:
4294:
4257:
4253:
4243:
4234:
4207:
4198:
4189:
4185:
4172:
4147:
4143:
4130:
4121:
4117:
4113:
4107:
4096:
4087:
4075:. Retrieved
4071:
4059:
4042:
4038:
4034:
4028:
4019:
4005:
3997:the original
3992:
3988:
3978:
3944:
3940:
3930:
3903:
3899:
3893:
3860:(1): 13–21.
3857:
3853:
3849:
3843:
3783:
3776:
3767:
3755:. Retrieved
3751:the original
3747:BritishBirds
3746:
3722:the original
3717:
3713:
3700:
3694:(7): 91–117.
3691:
3687:
3660:. Retrieved
3653:the original
3648:
3644:
3631:
3622:
3608:(1): 47–55.
3605:
3601:
3595:
3583:. Retrieved
3578:
3569:
3549:
3542:
3522:
3515:
3503:. Retrieved
3499:the original
3494:
3484:
3472:. Retrieved
3468:the original
3463:
3459:
3453:
3445:
3436:
3403:
3391:. Retrieved
3387:the original
3382:
3373:
3361:. Retrieved
3357:
3347:
3335:. Retrieved
3328:the original
3323:
3319:
3310:
3306:
3283:
3266:
3247:
3241:
3229:. Retrieved
3222:
3198:
3187:
3173:
3165:
3037:
3023:
3003:
2994:
2991:"Strix alba"
2984:
2974:
2945:
2939:
2933:
2902:
2887:
2881:, a form of
2857:
2855:
2846:rodenticides
2835:
2818:
2808:
2781:
2732:rodenticides
2713:cosmopolitan
2701:
2673:
2666:
2659:
2639:
2629:
2621:
2614:
2607:
2600:feather lice
2597:
2593:
2588:
2580:
2572:
2564:
2556:
2548:
2540:
2533:Bubo lacteus
2532:
2520:
2512:
2488:
2479:
2455:
2441:
2428:
2419:
2399:
2391:
2383:
2377:
2369:
2362:
2354:
2325:
2318:
2309:
2305:
2279:
2212:
2181:
2156:
2152:
2116:
2108:
2043:
2029:
2014:
2010:
1999:
1990:
1967:
1956:
1947:
1936:
1925:
1916:
1874:
1863:
1854:
1840:
1829:
1821:
1795:
1791:
1780:
1759:
1748:
1723:
1712:
1703:
1665:
1656:
1634:
1624:T. a. bargei
1623:
1614:
1610:
1597:or northern
1584:
1573:
1564:
1560:
1552:
1522:
1500:
1491:
1458:
1449:
1448:May include
1427:
1418:
1389:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1334:
1315:
1306:
1298:
1263:
1259:
1236:
1227:
1224:hauchecornei
1223:
1208:Amazon River
1196:
1177:
1168:
1164:
1158:Grand Cayman
1121:
1112:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1079:
1076:Meuse Rivers
1059:
1052:Gran Canaria
978:
967:Description
955:
953:
944:
940:
936:
932:
927:
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
897:
883:
877:
872:
868:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
836:
832:
826:
823:DNA evidence
818:
814:
808:
802:
798:
767:
759:
748:Distribution
740:
734:
724:typical owls
721:
708:
706:
695:
675:
670:typical owls
663:
643:
640:screech-owls
635:
621:
594:onomatopoeic
589:
581:
559:
555:
551:
533:
516:
476:
472:typical owls
459:
426:
425:
421:
419:
404:
394:
388:
347:
345:
330:T. alba
329:
328:
316:
296:Strigiformes
181:Barn owl in
83:
74:
59:
5917:Neotropical
5878:NatureServe
5813:iNaturalist
5559:Wikispecies
5158:Gumede, P.
5143:12 December
5116:12 December
4835:(2): 71–72.
4682:in Ontario"
4680:(Tyto alba)
4371:: 175–179.
4072:Sta.uwi.edu
4039:Irish Birds
3393:11 February
3363:11 February
3337:20 February
3231:8 September
2662:carnivorous
2573:Strix aluco
2557:Buteo buteo
2541:B. capensis
2298:pratincoles
2184:in twilight
2111:territorial
2020:Endemic to
1983:Bay Islands
1973:Endemic to
1966:Similar to
1957:T. a. bondi
1935:Similar to
1897:Middle East
1873:Similar to
1839:Similar to
1765:Endemic to
1758:Similar to
1729:Endemic to
1694:) south to
1650:West Indies
1640:Endemic to
1633:Similar to
1521:Similar to
1479:Endemic to
1440:Endemic to
1367:– Includes
1251:Sandesneben
1249:In flight,
1093:– includes
1082:around the
1078:, and with
1015:. Also the
964:Subspecies
949:intergrades
873:T. javanica
853:T. d. meeki
821:. Based on
815:T. glaucops
779:New Zealand
726:, like the
652:Description
636:T. aurantia
619:, 'white'.
512:facial disc
503:Australasia
434:species of
6076:Categories
6054:Xeno-canto
5454:Audio help
5445:2024-06-01
5288:. Hamlyn.
4926:Hungry Owl
4712:1 December
4678:"Barn Owl
4644:1 December
4639:Ontario.ca
4619:1 December
4610:"Barn Owl"
4411:: 101–107.
4330:The Condor
4192:: 341–355.
3662:31 October
3221:"Barn Owl
2914:References
2837:Nest boxes
2680:pesticides
2669:-selection
2575:) to huge
2551:) and the
2525:Washington
2365:monogamous
2290:turnstones
2235:earthworms
2219:amphibians
2161:allopatric
2157:T. a. alba
2144:turbulence
2068:the crow.
2066:decapitate
1991:pratincola
1968:pratincola
1644:and maybe
1615:pratincola
1611:subandeana
1585:pratincola
1561:hypermetra
1549:Seychelles
1537:Madagascar
1381:subandeana
1377:guatemalae
1350:Hispaniola
1169:niveicauda
1154:extirpated
1099:kirchhoffi
1074:and Lower
979:T. a. alba
941:niveicauda
896:Old World
828:T. furcata
702:melanistic
666:subspecies
556:Strix alba
505:, and the
485:, western
389:Strix alba
183:Lancashire
6059:Tyto-alba
5590:Tyto_alba
5565:Tyto alba
5535:Tyto alba
5466:BrainMaps
5323:cite book
5139:(in Thai)
5137:Sarakadee
5112:(in Thai)
4907:862148605
4829:The Raven
4466:Tyto alba
4309:Tyto alba
4051:0332-0111
4045:: 35–40.
4035:Tyto alba
3963:2236-3777
3894:Tyto alba
3850:Tyto alba
3614:1735-434X
3585:6 January
3474:11 August
3454:Tyto alba
3223:Tyto alba
3048: in
2934:Tyto alba
2904:Mummified
2815:Lanzarote
2803:Lake Erie
2765:Wisconsin
2743:in seven
2569:tawny owl
2503:, larger
2489:Didelphis
2481:Predators
2351:, Germany
2311:Cryptomys
2247:bank vole
2192:direction
2170:, and in
2123:grassland
2046:nocturnal
1811:Lanzarote
1702:Includes
1680:Venezuela
1609:Includes
1591:Guatemala
1559:Includes
1474:rectrices
1305:Includes
1279:Lithuania
1253:(Germany)
1228:hellmayri
1222:Includes
1190:In Brazil
1113:erlangeri
1062:from the
1045:La Gomera
1041:El Hierro
973:Synonyms
945:contempta
937:erlangeri
833:T. bargei
763:sedentary
728:tawny owl
713:Nestlings
698:leucistic
683:rectrices
645:Megascops
590:Tyto alba
586:Tytonidae
582:Tyto alba
578:Strigidae
540:described
530:Etymology
468:Tytonidae
454:and some
448:Himalayas
427:Tyto alba
399:Bonaparte
348:Tyto alba
324:Species:
306:Tytonidae
262:Kingdom:
256:Eukaryota
32:barn-owls
18:Barn owls
6097:Falconry
6028:Species+
5981:barn-owl
5932:barn-owl
5883:2.100734
5870:22688504
5831:10693437
5792:barn-owl
5639:barn-owl
5626:22688504
5621:BirdLife
5610:BioLib:
5544:Wikidata
5502:Archived
5481:Barn owl
5456: ·
5110:Thai PBS
4982:22517676
4874:86309543
4529:38785812
4521:17206584
4317:Barn owl
4274:16650845
3922:86309543
3460:Notornis
3196:(1833).
2871:Thailand
2823:Tenerife
2773:Missouri
2761:Illinois
2753:Michigan
2648:Lifespan
2619:tapeworm
2438:Moulting
2411:fledging
2396:jackdaws
2388:raccoons
2380:hamerkop
2339:Breeding
2315:blesmols
2263:muskrats
2200:oil palm
2188:at night
2182:Hunting
2148:barbules
2131:Ethiopia
2119:farmland
1792:schmitzi
1771:Sardinia
1739:Atlantic
1704:stictica
1684:Colombia
1599:Colombia
1515:Tanzania
1485:Príncipe
1369:lucayana
1107:pusillus
1095:hostilis
1066:through
1056:Tenerife
1049:La Palma
919:stertens
789:Taxonomy
544:Tyrolean
422:barn owl
379:Synonyms
302:Family:
276:Chordata
272:Phylum:
266:Animalia
252:Domain:
229:IUCN 3.1
89:Barn owl
5994:1065606
5968:1484610
5769:2497921
5678:bob7350
5598:Avibase
5443: (
5414:minutes
5106:"นกแสก"
5055:14 July
5045:UF News
4350:1368658
4164:1363231
4077:9 April
3874:1502927
3757:19 July
3505:24 July
3050:Liddell
3028:at the
2898:Lakshmi
2809:In the
2792:Ontario
2757:Indiana
2726:(e.g.,
2705:raptors
2521:B. bubo
2497:mammals
2491:), the
2432:fledged
2335:sites.
2294:weavers
2286:godwits
2282:plovers
2271:rabbits
2259:Gophers
2231:insects
2227:spiders
2215:lizards
2138:of its
2127:tropics
2054:magpies
2030:furcata
2011:furcata
1981:in the
1979:Guanaja
1948:tuidara
1937:tuidara
1875:ernesti
1841:guttata
1796:guttata
1767:Corsica
1731:Madeira
1724:guttata
1648:in the
1646:Bonaire
1642:Curaçao
1565:poensis
1533:Comoros
1523:poensis
1470:remiges
1450:affinis
1346:Bahamas
1342:Bermuda
1335:guttata
1307:rhenana
1295:Balkans
1287:Romania
1283:Ukraine
1197:guttata
1146:Jamaica
1080:affinis
1068:Hungary
1064:Balkans
1060:guttata
1019:in the
1005:Maghreb
903:furcata
819:T. alba
709:T. alba
679:remiges
628:habitat
550:in his
536:species
522:on the
450:, some
411:, 1837)
401:, 1838)
358:, 1769)
356:Scopoli
312:Genus:
292:Order:
282:Class:
227: (
161:↓
70:Discuss
40:Barnaul
6007:368069
5939:NZOR:
5929:NZBO:
5922:brnowl
5857:177851
5789:GNAB:
5725:EURING
5717:TYTOAL
5704:brnowl
5665:brnowl
5578:barnow
5550:Q25317
5346:
5311:
5292:
5273:
5250:
5194:8 June
5169:8 June
5164:News24
5086:14 May
4980:
4936:14 May
4905:
4895:
4872:
4527:
4519:
4445:
4348:
4272:
4162:
4144:Condor
4049:
3961:
3920:
3872:
3791:
3612:
3575:"Owls"
3557:
3530:
3284:et al.
3254:
2894:Hindus
2784:Canada
2771:, and
2737:Europe
2716:osprey
2676:verges
2617:, the
2583:) and
2535:) and
2501:eagles
2423:bantam
2373:preens
2332:cached
2320:Otomys
2296:, and
2273:, and
2243:shrews
2229:, and
2196:height
2172:Iberia
2084:mobbed
2082:Being
2060:, and
2050:mobbed
1975:Roatán
1891:; the
1889:Cyprus
1601:; the
1595:Panama
1545:Unguja
1358:Hawaii
1344:, the
1291:Greece
1275:Latvia
1148:, the
1033:Sicily
1027:, the
1021:Sahara
970:Range
939:, and
892:clades
859:, and
493:, the
491:Africa
483:Europe
464:family
444:desert
66:merged
6046:18378
6020:94500
5909:56313
5844:55507
5826:IRMNG
5818:20445
5743:97035
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