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receiving a mortal wound in the head. At first, they did not identify him due to the indigenous uncu over his armor. However, a little while later he was recognized by a soldier and the news reached Benito Suárez de
Carbajal, whose brother Illán had been murdered in Lima by the viceroy. For this reason Carbajal joined the battle, to kill the viceroy with his own hands and avenge the death of his brother. But he was held back by Pedro de Puelles, telling him that it was a rather base thing to go and kill a man who had already fallen. So Benito Suárez sent a black slave to finish the job. The viceroy was beheaded with a single blow, and the head was nailed and raised on a pike for all to see. Not content with this, Benito Suárez had the beard and mustache cut off, and used them to adorn his own hat; others imitated him, such as Juan de la Torre (called "The man from Madrid" to distinguish him from another man by the same name, one of the
36:
603:. Since it was too late to head back, so the viceroy withheld this news from his troops, so as not to discourage them, and continued to advance, already deciding to go to battle. Thus he came to the bank of the Guallabamba that faced the position of the rebels. It was too advantageous, the reason being that Benalcázar had advised the viceroy to divert to Quito by a less-traveled road, a plan which the viceroy accepted.
666:, and for the captains of the musketeers and the pikeman: Sancho Sánchez Dávila, Francisco Hernández Girón, Pedro de Heredia y Rodrigo Núñez de Bonilla. The cavalry was divided into two squadrons: the viceroy took command of the major part, and the other he gave command to his captains Sebastián de Benalcázar, Pedro de Bazán y Hernando de Cepeda (Cepeda was the cousin of
681:
also delivered a moving speech, promising to be the first to break his spear against the enemy and finished with the dramatic words: "That God is the cause, God is the cause, God is the cause." The viceroy also wore an uncu, an indigenous cotton shirt, that covered his armor and his badges. Some said
702:
With their leaders dead, the viceroy's infantry crumbled. The victorious rebel cavalry destroyed the enemy without compassion, while the musketeers did not cease fire. The viceroy, who valiantly fought in the left flank, was finally reached by a blow from
Hernando de Torres (a resident of Arequipa),
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was not merciless with his prisoners: Hernández Girón and Benalcázar, wounded in the fight, obtained honorable pardon. Just a few of the most obstinate followers of the viceroy were hanged or exiled to Chile. It was fortunate for the viceroy's men that the cruel
Francisco de Carvajal was not there,
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The battle began with musket fire from the viceroy's side, which the rebels immediately responded to. As promised, the viceroy led his riders in an attack against
Puelles; and so great was their momentum that the first spear knocked down a rider by the name of Alonso de Montalvo. The clash of both
500:
Gonzalo
Pizarro triumphantly entered Lima on October 28, 1544, followed by 1200 soldiers. The judges, somewhere between joyous and fearful, received him as Governor of Peru. The rebellion against the Spanish crown was already a fact. The leader enjoyed popular support; his men called him the Great
496:
In Lima, the viceroy Núñez Vela was hated for his capriciousness, even to the extreme of killing a prominent resident of the city, an administrator by the name of Illán Suárez de
Carbajal, with his own hands. The judges of the Royal Audience, in their eagerness to gain popularity, were inclined to
780:
The brothers of this saint fought in Iñaquito on the royal side: Lorenzo de Cepeda, Antonio de
Ahumada (who fell in the battle), Jerónimo de Cepeda and Hernando de Ahumada (as Lieutenant General). Another brother, Agustín de Ahumada, would come to Peru later, accompanying the Peacemaker
590:
appeared to march south with his entire army, instructing their indigenous allies to spread the story that he was marching to aid
Carvajal against Centeno. The viceroy was deceived and soon after moved his troops out of Popayán with the intent to seize
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at a forced march. The journey was long and tiring, all the while being closely pursued by
Gonzalo, without fighting or fighting very little. Later they went further north, towards Popayán (present-day
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The death of the viceroy demoralized the last of his infantry that were still resisting, who were captured and slaughtered. Only a few were able to escape. They were followed for a while by
785:. The godfather of Santa Teresa de Jesús was D. Francisco Velásquez Núñez Vela, brother of the Viceroy. It is understood that there was a profound relationship between the two families.
695:'s musketeers came to tip the scales of the fight. When they arrived at one flank, they began to decimate their enemies with deadly accuracy. The combat between the infantries favored
649:, in the absence of Francisco de Carvajal, was Pedro de Puelles. One the leaders of the cavalry was Benito Suárez de Carbajal. They were accompanied by the judge Vásquez de Cepeda.
618:, who was also pessimistic, offered refuge for Blasco Núñez in his convent and invited Benalcázar to retire as soon as possible, propositions which were ignored. Meanwhile,
434:, where the superiority of the Nueva Castilla army ensured victory for Gonzalo. Blasco Núñez Vela reportedly fought but fell as a victim in battle and was later
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In the meantime, the viceroy remained concentrated in Popayán, where he received reinforcements from the north; one of the captains who joined with him was
567:, the governor of Popayán. While he was winning the support of the native chiefs in the region, whose work was invaluable, as they left the followers of
626:. The viceroy, considering the difficulties of mounting a defense in the city, rallied his troops and gave orders to leave and do battle outside of
582:
planned an intelligent strategy to draw the viceroy out of Popayán, a position that he was finding difficult to attack: leaving a small garrison in
462:
and the new judges of the Royal
Audience arrived at Peru. The said viceroy arrived with the strong intention of enforcing the recently enacted
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699:'s side, being superior in number. Benalcázar was wounded by several shots, while Juan de Guevara and Sánchez Dávila were both killed.
255:
857:. Tomo III. El ejército durante la dominación española del Perú. Lima, Comisión Permanente de la Historia del Ejército del Perú, 1981.
662:'s forces made up just over 400 men. His cavalry was almost the same in number as his adversary (some 140 men). Juan Cabrera was his
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prohibited the personal labor of the indigenous people. The encomenderos (the masters) protested and organized a rebellion, choosing
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in chains. He was released, however, and returned to Peru by sea while Gonzalo was mustering an army. The two met on January 18 at
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Meanwhile, Captain Diego Centeno revolted in Charcas (Bolivia), raising the flag of the King. From Quito, Gonzalo Pizarro ordered
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pressed claims to be recognized as the ruler of the land he and his brothers had conquered. After the arrival of appointed royal
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defend the rights of the encomenderos and take the Viceroy prisoner. On September 18, 1544, they sent him back to Spain.
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843:. Tomo I. El Descubrimiento y la Conquista (1524-1550). Tercera Edición. Editor: Carlos Milla Batres. Lima, Perú, 1981.
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714:'s riders, until night fell and Gonzalo sounded the trumpets, gathering his troops and putting an end to the battle.
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that this was to avoid enemy fire, and others said that it was to fight with more humility, as one of the soldiers.
50:
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575:'s men were suffering due to the prolonged inactivity. There was only one skirmish at a place called Río Caliente.
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Gonzalo went to Cuzco, where he was magnificently received and proclaimed Attorney General of Peru to protest the
733:. Thanks to influential residents, the body and the head were collected for a decent burial in the cathedral of
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gave a fiery speech, whose final phrases were: "Gentlemen, to fight a defend your freedom, life and property."
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The Valley of Iñaquito is about 4 km long and it adorns a lagoon on whose shores colorful birds frolic.
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595:. He did not expect that the rebel leader instead of going south had stationed his men three leagues from
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On the viceroy's side, about 300 died, while the rebels mourned the loss of very few: just seven men.
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rallied his troops. He had about 700 men; of these 200 carried muskets and 150 rode horses. His
520:, where he formed a new army. With these forces he marched south, to confront Gonzalo's rebels.
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614:, reproached the viceroy for having "gone there only to die." The superior of the
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544:. The viceroy retreated then, fearing the power of his adversary, and returned to
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Meanwhile, the Viceroy managed to escape, by convincing his keeper, the judge
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on the field of defeat, a fate Gonzalo himself would share two years later at
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to tackle this new campaign front, while Gonzalo was awaiting the viceroy.
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as leader, who was then a wealthy encomendero in Charcas (present-day
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The severed head of the viceroy was dragged across the ground to
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and continued south. Aware of these movements, Gonzalo left
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in 1544, Gonzalo succeeded to have him repelled and sent to
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before the Viceroy and, if necessary, before the Emperor
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Gonzalo, and the uprising with the "Great Rebellion".
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cavalries, almost equal in numbers, was violent. But
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641:At a height that slightly dominates the Valley,
836:. Tomo III. Editorial Universo S.A. Lima, 1972.
606:Sad was the reception given to the viceroy in
336:Conflicts between conquistadors and rebellions
829:. Tomo I. Editorial Universo S.A. Lima, 1972.
722:or else none of them may have escaped death.
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148:Defeat and death of Viceroy Blasco Núñez Vela
630:. This was the evening of January 18, 1546.
540:with his forces and went north, arriving at
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586:, under the command of Pedro de Puelles,
80:Learn how and when to remove this message
27:1546 Part of the Spanish conquest of Peru
797:
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458:were created, and the next year Viceroy
395:After his unheard claims as governor of
43:This article includes a list of general
758:
14:
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571:, thus increasing the impatience that
855:Historia general del ejército peruano
622:'s troops had also taken the road to
244:
820:. Librería STUDIUM S.A., Lima, 1984.
816:Del Busto Duthurburu, José Antonio:
29:
873:Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire
798:Prescott, William Hickling (2004),
741:. Thus ended the life of the first
274:Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire
145:Decisive victory for Nueva Castilla
24:
49:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
909:
883:Battles involving the Inca Empire
834:Historia de la conquista del Perú
508:, to set him free. He landed at
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1:
893:1546 in the Inca civilization
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729:, where it was placed on the
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7:
823:Inca Garcilaso de la Vega:
512:, on the northern coast of
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841:Historia General del Perú
826:Historia general del Perú
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430:, present-day capital of
403:) following the death of
378:End of the Neo-Inca state
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223:
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203:Francisco Hernández Girón
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818:La pacificación del Perú
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102:Spanish conquest of Peru
898:16th century in Ecuador
878:Battles involving Spain
565:Sebastián de Benalcázar
64:more precise citations.
839:Vargas Ugarte, Rubén:
802:, Digital Antiquaria,
771:Prescott, p. 1152-1154
456:Royal Audience of Lima
450:In 1542, The position
176:Commanders and leaders
832:Prescott, Guillermo:
668:Santa Teresa de Jesús
558:Francisco de Carvajal
524:Preliminary movements
224:Casualties and losses
186:Francisco de Carvajal
800:The Conquest of Peru
426:in the outskirts of
534:San Miguel de Piura
468:that abolished the
170:Viceroyalty of Peru
235:100–200 dead
95:Battle of Iñaquito
18:Battle of Añaquito
888:Conflicts in 1546
853:Vega, Juan José:
783:Pedro de la Gasca
660:Blasco Núñez Vela
578:It was then that
460:Blasco Núñez Vela
416:Blasco Núñez Vela
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285:Major engagements
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159:Belligerents
100:Part of the
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616:Franciscans
436:decapitated
405:his brother
397:New Castile
347:Las Salinas
219:140 cavalry
62:introducing
867:Categories
792:References
470:encomienda
446:Background
384:Vilcabamba
320:Chimborazo
315:Maraycalla
305:Vilcaconga
45:references
532:occupied
491:Charles V
372:Chuquinga
325:2nd Cusco
310:1st Cusco
300:Cajamarca
70:June 2023
551:Colombia
542:Trujillo
486:New Laws
465:New Laws
424:Iñaquito
357:Iñaquito
209:Strength
125:Iñaquito
120:Location
743:Viceroy
731:pillory
719:Pizarro
712:Pizarro
697:Pizarro
693:Pizarro
679:Viceroy
657:Viceroy
651:Pizarro
620:Pizarro
612:Gonzalo
601:Otavalo
588:Pizarro
580:Pizarro
573:Pizarro
569:Pizarro
530:Viceroy
478:Bolivia
452:Viceroy
432:Ecuador
413:viceroy
362:Huarina
342:Abancay
229:7 dead
197:†
133:Ecuador
127:, near
58:improve
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686:Battle
634:Forces
510:Tumbes
420:Panama
352:Chupas
193:
140:Result
47:, but
753:Notes
739:Spain
735:Quito
727:Quito
628:Quito
624:Quito
608:Quito
597:Quito
593:Quito
584:Quito
546:Quito
518:Quito
428:Quito
129:Quito
845:ISBN
804:ISBN
747:Peru
677:The
538:Lima
528:The
514:Peru
401:Peru
295:Puná
112:Date
745:of
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214:700
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