1303:. As the Spanish came ashore on the broad beach the militia attacked across the sands. The Spanish kept their formation and a detachment marched around the militia outflanking them. The ships sensing the trouble the Spaniards were in fired off shots into the militia as the Spanish musketeers attacked their flank. The militia then panicked, threw down their arms, and fled; only Godolphin along with twelve of his soldiers stood to offer some kind of resistance. Some 100 lightly armed men, scattered by the Spanish artillery, sought shelter at
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assembled before
Marazion and St Michael's Mount. Bullets and arrows were fired which forced them away from the shore which discouraged a further attack there. In two days however the Spanish had taken what they needed, having burned Penzance and the villages of Mousehole, Paul, and Newlyn. On re-embarking soon afterwards on 4 August, Amesquita then released all his prisoners ashore and the Spanish sailed off unmolested.
1258:'s harbour. A group of Spaniards led by Don Leon de Ezpeleta and Sergeant Major Juan De Arnica climbed a hill to gain a view of the country beyond. The Spanish galleys meanwhile came in close to shore and then bombarded the defenceless town â many houses were burned and three men were killed. Local resident Jenkyn Keigwin died from a cannonball while defending his house which was the only one to survive any damage.
1389:. The book's protagonist arrives on the spot when hearing of the Spanish raid, concerned for the safety of Sue - a woman with whom he is deeply in love though she married another man, the Vicar of Paul, this marriage putting her directly in the Spaniards' path. Graham closely follows the historical facts of the raid, except where minor changes were needed to let his fictional characters take part.
1315:
Penzance was also bombarded by the
Spanish galleys; 400 houses were destroyed and three ships "laden with wine and other goods" were sunk. Godolphin attempted to rally his men but they fled once again. The Spanish then entered Penzance with no further resistance and the village was sacked except for
1331:
led by
Brother Domingo Martinez was held in an open air field altar on the Western Hill outside of Penzance. The Spanish commander promised to build a Catholic church on this site within two years, once England had been conquered. Amesquita observed the growing number of Cornish militia having
1294:
The
Spaniards then advanced on Penzance with the galleys close to shore. By this time however the local militia which formed the cornerstone of the English anti-invasion measures and numbered five hundred men had been alerted and decided to make a stand. They were led by
1340:
Sir
Nicholas Clifford arrived with a relieving force in the area but was too late to engage the Spaniards. Clifford was furious with the common folk blaming them for abandoning Godolphin. Mousehole, unlike Penzance and Newlyn, never fully recovered from the raid.
1348:
squadron of 46 ships, sinking two of the Dutch ships and causing much damage to the others but at the cost of 20 men killed. The rest of the Dutch ships limped away. He then stopped at
Penmarch for repairs and finally arrived back at Port Louis on 10 August.
1221:
and the
Spanish action in England could delay or even defeat it. Another was to hold an English port or coastline which would then be used as a base for raids and act as a powerful bargaining tool for future peace negotiations. Cornwall, since the
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A second group of
Spaniards; the vanguard of the raid had struck inland and reached the Parish of Paul, half a mile inland. The village was defenceless and was promptly sacked and burned; the church
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1360:
who acted to make sure defences were improved. The raid was the only time in the whole course of the war that the
Spanish effected a successful major landing in any part of England.
1277:
The next day the galleys having moved from
Mousehole sailed around the headland into Mounts Bay itself, with Penzance and Newlyn in their view. Having kept quite a distance from
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in the autumn of 1597, in the hope that the core of the English Catholics would rise up in rebellion, but the operation was a failure due to a storm in the English channel.
1205:. He sailed from Blavet, on 26 July with the aim of raiding a part of the English coastline. There were a number of reasons - one was to regain the treasure and cargo ships
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reorganised his navy. He was intent on establishing advanced bases in western France from which his navy could constantly threaten England and Ireland. In 1593
1281:(the garrisons powder was so low that they were unable to fire any shots), Newlyn was set upon; again no resistance was met and the village was torched.
1274:' was burned down. Four residents were killed here and a number were taken prisoner before the Spanish marched back to their galleys and re-embarked.
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where the Spanish (after setting on fire civilian property) were scared off by a single man firing a shot. The Spanish would attempt an
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Amesquita's 400 men strong force eventually sailed into Mount's Bay on 2 August. They were guided by English Catholic Richard Burley of
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which was saved as Burley having guided the Spanish pleaded for it to be spared having told Amesquita that the church once held
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in 1549, offered hope to the Spanish that many of the Cornish might happily convert back to the Catholic faith.
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La batalla naval de las Dunas: la Holanda comercial contra la España del Siglo De Oro
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1099:, that took place between 2 and 4 August 1595 in the context of the
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manned by an English crew and with a cargo bound for England.
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in which Amesquita described in a taunting way as being a '
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The raid is described in detail in the historical novel
1107:. It was conducted by a Spanish naval squadron led by
1516:"West Penwith Resources - The Spanish Attack - 1595"
1598:
1469:"The 2nd of August 1595 AD, The Battle of Cornwall"
1419:. Society for Nautical Research. 1995. p. 262.
1363:Another smaller scale raid the following year made
1706:
1213:four months earlier. There were also rumours that
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1254:on to a rocky beach a few hundred yards west of
1646:"Mounts Bay Raid by Spaniards in The Year 1595"
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1536:
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1767:Battles of the Anglo-Spanish War (1585â1604)
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1171:and news of this caused concern in England.
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1709:Invasion: Defending Britain from Attack
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1167:had been established by the Spanish in
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1802:Amphibious operations involving Spain
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1608:Research records (formerly PastScape)
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1327:At the end of the raid a traditional
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1685:The Successors of Drake (1596-1603)
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24:
1436:. Silex Ediciones, 2007, page 67.
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1155:In the wake of the defeat of the
1604:"Monument No 1572493 (1572493)"
1578:. Shepheard-Walwyn. p. 85.
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1416:The Mariner's Mirror, Volume 81
1119:. The Spanish made landfall in
59:British Battles on Land and Sea
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1105:Anglo-Spanish war of 1585-1604
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1:
1473:www.information-britain.co.uk
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1177:commanded three companies of
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264:Anglo-Spanish War (1585â1604)
41:Anglo-Spanish War (1585â1604)
1772:Military history of Cornwall
1688:. Longmans. pp. 223â24.
1344:On 5 August Amesquita met a
1335:
1245:
1085:Spanish attack on Mounts Bay
317:Cavendish's circumnavigation
7:
1682:Corbett, Julian S. (1900).
1352:The raid greatly concerned
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516:Spanish Armada (1st Calais
276:Caribbean and South America
54:The Spanish attack Penzance
10:
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1631:Juan del Ăguila y Arellano
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614:Low Countries and Germany
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1782:16th century in Cornwall
1730:England under the Tudors
1496:The Spanish Raid, page 2
1187:Nuestra Señora de Begoña
525:English Armada (Corunna
292:Drake's circumnavigation
1574:Ward, Alistair (2004).
1558:The Spanish Attackâ1595
1369:armada against Cornwall
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1207:captured by the English
1201:) from the fleet under
1501:July 20, 2011, at the
1301:Deputy Lord Lieutenant
174:Commanders and leaders
115:50.10250°N 5.5281806°W
1548:Cruickshank pp. 60-61
1233:, they sank a French
1224:Prayer Book Rebellion
213:Casualties and losses
1762:Invasions of England
544:2nd Gibraltar Strait
539:1st Gibraltar Strait
430:Vila Franca do Campo
120:50.10250; -5.5281806
1732:. Amazon (Kindle).
1728:Innes, A.D (2012).
1520:west-penwith.org.uk
1382:The Grove of Eagles
1365:landfall at Cawsand
1290:Battle on the beach
1175:Carlos de Amesquita
1109:Carlos de Amésquita
825:3rd Geertruidenberg
775:2nd Geertruidenberg
640:1st Geertruidenberg
413:2nd Puerto Caballos
341:1st Puerto Caballos
322:Spanish West Indies
221:4 settlements razed
180:Carlos de Amésquita
111: /
34:Raid on Mount's Bay
1812:Looting in England
1792:Invasions by Spain
1432:San Juan, VĂctor:
1161:Philip II of Spain
1083:also known as the
1081:Raid on Mounts Bay
76:2 to 4 August 1595
18:Battle of Cornwall
1757:Conflicts in 1595
1672:Cruickshank p. 62
1455:Cruickshank p. 58
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623:
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617:
613:
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609:
608:Gulf of CĂĄdiz
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582:
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564:Bay of Biscay
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559:Barbary Coast
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312:St. Augustine
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302:Santo Domingo
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1696:Bibliography
1684:
1677:
1653:. Retrieved
1649:
1640:
1634:(in Spanish)
1611:. Retrieved
1607:
1594:
1575:
1553:
1523:. Retrieved
1519:
1509:
1476:. Retrieved
1472:
1451:
1445:(in Spanish)
1433:
1415:
1409:
1400:
1380:
1378:
1362:
1351:
1343:
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1326:
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1293:
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1190:
1186:
1179:arquebusiers
1173:
1154:
1139:, beating a
1084:
1080:
1078:
1046:Carrigafoyle
964:
960:
931:
603:Dover Strait
590:
568:
526:
517:
508:
440:Newfoundland
398:2nd San Juan
383:1st San Juan
370:
366:
357:
333:
223:3 ships sunk
205:400 soldiers
143:Belligerents
106:5°31âČ41.45âłW
58:
53:
39:Part of the
26:
1713:. Boxtree.
1655:15 November
1525:28 November
1404:Innes p 380
1121:Mount's Bay
1103:during the
1066:Castlehaven
954:Hoogstraten
920:San Andreas
875:2nd Groenlo
845:1st Groenlo
800:Knodsenburg
785:2nd Zutphen
760:1st Zutphen
720:Steenbergen
660:Schoonhoven
569:Mount's Bay
520:Gravelines)
502:Pantelleria
332:Hispaniola
297:SĂŁo Vicente
208:500 militia
118: /
86:Mount's Bay
63:James Grant
1751:Categories
1613:4 February
1585:0856832243
1478:2 December
1393:References
1375:In fiction
1211:Pernambuco
1151:Background
1029:2nd Calais
959:Ardenburg
925:Nieuwpoort
910:Zaltbommel
880:Bredevoort
675:Borgerhout
655:Valkenburg
630:Middelburg
593:West Wales
507:1st CĂĄdiz
485:2nd Azores
480:Las Palmas
470:2nd Flores
465:1st Flores
460:1st Azores
408:Portobello
365:La Guaira
1336:Aftermath
1256:Mousehole
1246:Mousehole
1195:Peregrina
1181:and four
1159:in 1588,
1129:Mousehole
967:2nd Sluis
963:Oostberg
949:2nd Grave
934:2nd Meurs
895:Oldenzaal
890:Ootmarsum
855:2nd Hulst
835:Groningen
805:1st Hulst
765:1st Sluis
740:1st Grave
715:Eindhoven
695:Noordhorn
589:Cornwall
579:2nd CĂĄdiz
549:Berlengas
378:Guadalupe
356:Trinidad
346:San Mateo
307:Cartagena
1787:Penzance
1705:(2001).
1499:Archived
1305:Marazion
1285:Penzance
1252:Weymouth
1231:Penmarch
1191:Salvador
1169:Brittany
1133:Penzance
1113:Brittany
1093:Cornwall
1051:Smerwick
1004:Caudebec
885:Enschede
860:Turnhout
810:Nijmegen
795:Delfzijl
790:Deventer
680:Mechelen
670:Rijmenam
665:Gembloux
598:Sesimbra
450:Santiago
435:Terceira
424:Atlantic
369:Caracas
225:4 killed
195:Strength
103:50°6âČ9âłN
90:Cornwall
81:Location
1183:galleys
1097:England
1061:Kinsale
1040:Ireland
1019:Morlaix
730:Antwerp
700:Niezijl
635:Haarlem
574:Cawsand
529:Lisbon)
511:Algarve
497:Scheldt
455:Senegal
445:Bermuda
403:Tabasco
360:Orinoco
202:galleys
168:England
94:England
1736:
1717:
1582:
1440:
1272:mosque
1235:barque
1219:Panama
1199:Bazana
1165:Blavet
1143:under
1135:, and
1125:Newlyn
1117:France
1034:Amiens
1024:Crozon
979:Arques
973:France
939:Ostend
900:Lingen
735:Arnhem
705:Lochem
690:Kollum
645:Leiden
534:Bayona
388:Panama
351:Recife
327:Havana
131:Result
1385:, by
1346:Dutch
1014:Blaye
1009:Craon
999:Rouen
989:Paris
870:Meurs
850:Lippe
780:Breda
745:Venlo
725:Aalst
650:Delft
475:Faial
393:Pinos
156:Spain
61:, by
1734:ISBN
1715:ISBN
1657:2022
1615:2017
1580:ISBN
1527:2017
1480:2017
1438:ISBN
1356:and
1322:Mass
1241:Raid
1209:off
1197:and
1137:Paul
1089:raid
1079:The
984:Ivry
915:Rees
750:Axel
710:Lier
625:Goes
620:Mons
373:Coro
218:None
73:Date
1091:on
840:Huy
1753::
1665:^
1648:.
1623:^
1606:.
1602:.
1564:^
1535:^
1518:.
1488:^
1471:.
1460:^
1425:^
1324:.
1307:.
1299:,
1193:,
1189:,
1131:,
1127:,
1115:,
1095:,
200:4
92:,
88:,
1742:.
1723:.
1659:.
1617:.
1588:.
1529:.
1482:.
1185:(
965:·
961:·
932:·
591:·
527:·
518:·
509:·
371:·
367:·
358:·
334:·
254:e
247:t
240:v
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
