724:. Francis' men had formed a column to march out around 7:15 when the British vanguard began cresting the hill behind them. Rapidly reforming into a line behind some cover, the Massachusetts men unleashed a withering volley of fire at the winded British. General Fraser took stock of the situation, and decided to send a detachment around to flank the American left, at the risk of exposing his own left, which he hoped would hold until Riedesel arrived. Riedesel reached the top of another hill, where he observed that the American line, now including parts of Hale's regiment, was in fact pressing on Fraser's left. He therefore sent his grenadiers to support Fraser's flank and directed the jägers against the American center.
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533:, leading reinforcements, camped a few miles further back. Rising early in the morning, Fraser reached Hubbardton, where he surprised some elements of the American rear, while other elements managed to form defensive lines. In a spirited battle, the Americans were driven back, but had almost succeeded in turning Fraser's left flank when Riedesel and his German reinforcements arrived, eventually scattering the American forces.
1609:
691:, to wait for the rear guard while the main army marched on to Castleton. When Francis' and Hale's men arrived, Warner decided, against St. Clair's orders, that they would spend the night there, rather than marching on to Castleton. Warner, who had experience in rear-guard actions while serving in the
698:
Baron
Riedesel caught up with Fraser around 4 pm, and insisted that his men could not go further before making camp. Fraser, who acquiesced to this as Riedesel was senior to him in the chain of command, pointed out that he was authorized to engage the enemy, and would be leaving his camp at 3 am the
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in 1971, and is the site of annual
Revolutionary War reenactments. The site's visitor center features a permanent exhibit which tells the story of the Battle of Hubbardton and places it in its context of the Revolutionary War. The Hubbardton Battlefield Trail features interpretive signs highlighting
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to send the militia camped closest to
Hubbardton down the road in support of the action. When they reached the area of those camps they found those militia companies in full retreat away from the gunfire in the distance, and no amount of persuasion could convince the men to turn around. Livingston
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to the accompaniment of a military band to make them appear more numerous than they actually were. The
American flanks were turned, and they were forced to make a desperate race across an open field to avoid being enveloped. Colonel Francis fell in a volley of musket fire as the troops raced away
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A local body commissioned the erection of a monument on the battlefield site in 1859, and the state began acquiring battlefield lands in the 1930s for operation as a state historic site. Hubbardton
Battlefield has been owned and operated by the State of Vermont's Division for Historic Preservation
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gives different
British casualties of 60 killed and 168 wounded. Ketchum gives American casualties as 41 killed, 96 wounded and 230 captured. However, Lt. Anburey, present at the battle, states that the total dead and wounded of both sides found on the field in the aftermath amounted to 200 and
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Baron
Riedesel and the Brunswickers departed for Skenesboro the next day. Their departure left Fraser in "the most disaffected part of America, every person a Spy", with 600 tired men, a sizable contingent of prisoners and wounded, and no significant supplies. On July 9 he sent the 300 prisoners,
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Falling back to a secure position on
Monument Hill, the Americans repulsed several vigorous British assaults, although Colonel Francis was hit in the arm by a shot. He soldiered on, directing troops to a perceived weakness on Fraser's left. The tide of the battle turned when, after more than an
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Fraser's men were up at 3 am, but did not make good time due to the darkness. Riedesel left his camp at 3 am with a picked group of men, and was still behind Fraser when the latter arrived at
Hubbardton near dawn and very nearly surprised elements of Hale's regiment, which were scattered in the
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The remnants of the
American rear guard made their way toward Rutland to rejoin the main army. Harassed by Fraser's scouts and Indians, and without food or shelter, it took some of them five days to reach the army. Livingston and Dunn were met by retreating Americans on the Castleton road. They
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The official casualty return for the British troops gives 39 British soldiers and 1 French-Canadian killed and 127 British and 2 French-Canadians wounded. A separate return for the German troops has 10 killed and 14 wounded, for a grand total of 50 killed and 143 wounded. Historian
789:. The Battle of Hubbardton was a British tactical victory, because the British defeated the American rear guard. It was a strategic American victory, because the main body of troops that evacuated Ticonderoga was able to continue the fight against Burgoyne's invasion force.
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next morning. He then advanced until he found a site about three miles (4.8 km) from Hubbardton, where his troops camped for the night. Riedesel waited for the bulk of his men, about 1,500 strong, and also made camp.
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The battle took a large enough toll on the British forces that they did not further pursue the main American army. The many American prisoners were sent to Ticonderoga while most of the British troops made their way to
774:, which it reached on July 12. Others Americans from the rear guard, including Colonel Hale and a 230-man detachment, were captured. As a sign of respect, the British buried Colonel Francis with their Brunswick dead.
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American general St. Clair paused at Hubbardton to give the main army's tired and hungry troops time to rest while he hoped the rear guard would arrive. When it did not arrive in time, he left Colonel
720:, where the elements of the retreating army had planned to regroup, and that a more circuitous route to the Hudson River was now required. St. Clair's instructions were to follow him immediately to
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1025:, which declared its independence in January 1777, but did not actually adopt that name until July 8, the day after this action. Before that it was known as the Republic of New Connecticut.
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under light guard but with threats of retaliation should they try to escape, toward Ticonderoga while he marched his exhausted forces toward Castleton and then Skenesboro.
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and grenadiers, leaving orders for the rest of his troops to come as rapidly as possible. Fraser's advance corps was only a few miles behind Colonel Ebenezer Francis'
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Though many Americans were taken prisoner and marched back to Fort Ticonderoga, the main body of Saint Clair's troops escaped, which led to American successes at the
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For Want of a Horse: Being a Journal of the Campaigns against the Americans in 1776 and 1777 Conducted from Canada, By an Officer Who Served With Lt. Gen. Burgoyne
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discovered early on July 6 that the Americans had abandoned Ticonderoga. Leaving a message for General Burgoyne, he set out in pursuit with companies of
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600 respectively. Subtracting the British-Canadian-German casualty returns from that gives American losses of 150 killed, 457 wounded and 230 captured.
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to rejoin Burgoyne's army. Most of the scattered American remnants made their way to rejoin St. Clair's army on its way toward the
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returned to Castleton with the news about the Hubbardton battle, and St. Clair then marched the army towards the American camp at
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General Fraser, alerted to the American withdrawal early on July 6, immediately set out in pursuit, leaving a message for General
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territory. The day was hot and sunny, and the pace was rapid and grueling; most of the army marched 30 miles (48 km) to
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At some point early in the conflict, St. Clair was made aware of the gunfire off in the distance. He immediately dispatched
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The military road to Hubbardton passed (and still passes) through the center gap in the hills in the photo's background
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to send reinforcements as quickly as possible. That night Fraser camped a few miles short of Hubbardton, and the
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early fighting. A messenger had arrived from General St. Clair delivering news that the British had reached
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and Indian scouts. Burgoyne ordered Riedesel to follow; he set out with a few companies of Brunswick
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hour of battle, Riedesel's grenadiers arrived. These disciplined forces entered the fray singing
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began late on July 5 after British cannons were seen on top of high ground, Mount Defiance (
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Rattlesnake Mountain and Sugar Loaf Hill) that commanded the fort. The bulk of General
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West side of Monument Hill; British forces attacked up (towards the camera) this hill
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With Musket and Tomahawk: The Saratoga Campaign and the Wilderness War Of 1777
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At the time of this battle, the territory was claimed by both the state of
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National Register of Historic Places listings in Rutland County, Vermont
1390:
Travels Through the Interior Parts of America 1776–1781, Volumes 1 and 2
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and its supporting defenses discovered that Burgoyne's men had placed
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Conflict sites on the National Register of Historic Places in Vermont
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511:
209:
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American Revolution on the National Register of Historic Places
2744:
National Register of Historic Places in Rutland County, Vermont
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from the advancing British and scattered into the countryside.
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The battle is used as the backdrop for the climax of the film
455:. Vermont was then a disputed territory sometimes called the
749:
711:
Engraving of a map drawn by a German officer after the battle
16:
Part the Saratoga campaign of the American Revolutionary War
892:. The battlefield is approximately 20 miles northwest of
518:, stopped at Hubbardton to rest and pick up stragglers.
2438:
St. Peter's Church and Mount St. Joseph Convent Complex
1654:
806:
1558:. Sackville, New Brunswick: The Tribune Press Limited.
1401:
Saratoga: Turning Point of America's Revolutionary War
1354:. Vermont Agency of Commerce and Community Development
2734:
Battles of the American Revolutionary War in Vermont
1531:. Tuscaloosa, Alabama: University of Alabama Press.
896:, where most of the film's production was centered.
1524:
1484:
1398:
919:
917:
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1011:
980:
978:
1506:Guide to the Battles of the American Revolution
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47:; "Huberton" can be seen southeast of the fort.
2683:List of National Historic Landmarks in Vermont
2433:St. Stanislaus Kostka School and Convent House
2355:St. Stanislaus Kostka School and Convent House
1566:. Vermont Division for Historic Preservation.
914:
878:important points and locations of the battle.
475:rear guard of the forces retreating after the
2097:
1640:
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873:since 1937. The battlefield was added to the
744:and Dunn continued riding toward Hubbardton.
655:, and 62nd), as well as two companies of the
607:before making camp on the evening of July 6.
336:
43:Detail of a 1780 map showing the area around
1564:"Hubbardton Battlefield State Historic Site"
1458:Saratoga 1777: Turning Point of a Revolution
610:
1040:
765:Monument erected in 1859 at the battlefield
2754:Protected areas of Rutland County, Vermont
2244:Rural Otter Creek Valley Historic District
2104:
2090:
1647:
1633:
1335:
1326:
1253:
924:Hubbardton Battlefield State Historic Site
817:
591:on a position overlooking the fort. They
461:de facto independent government of Vermont
350:
343:
329:
2269:Wallingford Main Street Historic District
2014:Washington calls off invasion of New York
966:
905:
671:, which acted as St. Clair's rear guard.
1620:Middlebury College account of the battle
1299:
1297:
1295:
1115:
760:
726:
706:
614:
506:'s army retreated through Hubbardton to
1854:Battle of Freeman's Farm (1st Saratoga)
1241:
1183:
1181:
1156:
1154:
1057:
1055:
987:
571:valley by moving an army of 8,000 down
2696:
2239:Poultney Main Street Historic District
1864:Battle of Bemis Heights (2nd Saratoga)
1859:Battle of Forts Clinton and Montgomery
1583:"National Register Information System"
1436:
1193:
1028:
956:
954:
952:
939:
937:
935:
933:
931:
623:The British general, a Scotsman named
2209:Kingsley Grist Mill Historic District
2085:
2071:Washington's Farewell to His Officers
2040:Washington's Headquarters at Newburgh
1628:
1503:
1292:
999:
881:
499:
324:
2249:Rutland Courthouse Historic District
2219:Middletown Springs Historic District
2113:National Register of Historic Places
1588:National Register of Historic Places
1570:from the original on 12 October 2008
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1373:National Register Information System
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875:National Register of Historic Places
823:Hubbarton Battlefield Visitor Center
812:Hubbardton Battlefield Historic Site
807:Hubbardton Battlefield Historic Site
2769:Military and war museums in Vermont
2714:Battles involving the United States
2224:Mission of the Church of Our Savior
2179:Castleton Village Historic District
1748:Submarine attack in New York Harbor
1656:New York in the American Revolution
1487:The Turning Point of the Revolution
1305:"Hubbardton: Vermont, July 7, 1777"
949:
928:
13:
2764:Museums in Rutland County, Vermont
2330:Castleton Medical College Building
2254:Rutland Downtown Historic District
2194:Fair Haven Green Historic District
463:. On the morning of July 7, 1777,
14:
2785:
2514:Laurel Glen Mausoleum-Laurel Hall
2234:Pittsford Green Historic District
2174:Brandon Village Historic District
1601:
1491:. Port Washington, NY: Kennikat.
865:Hubbard Battlefield Historic Site
2759:American Revolutionary War sites
2704:Battles of the Saratoga campaign
2145:
1733:New York and New Jersey campaign
1607:
477:withdrawal from Fort Ticonderoga
270:
257:
249:
239:
223:
192:
180:
165:
151:
138:
37:
2709:Battles involving Great Britain
2565:East Clarendon Railroad Station
2428:Clarendon Congregational Church
2340:Immaculate Heart of Mary School
2214:Marble Street Historic District
2189:East Poultney Historic District
2184:Danby Village Historic District
579:on July 1. On July 5, General
1753:Staten Island Peace Conference
1482:
1455:
1223:
1199:
1061:
1046:
1034:
1005:
993:
120:
1:
2443:Sudbury Congregational Church
2320:H. H. Baxter Memorial Library
1900:Raid on Unadilla and Onaquaga
1554:Stanley, George F.G. (1961).
1527:1777: The Year of the Hangman
1460:. Oxford: Osprey Publishing.
1380:
593:evacuated the fort that night
583:'s American forces defending
548:
2749:Vermont State Historic Sites
2592:Fort Vengeance Monument Site
1553:
1522:
1483:Nickerson, Hoffman (1967) .
1396:
1387:
1286:
1274:
1262:
1247:
1235:
1211:
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1160:
1145:
1133:
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1109:
1097:
1085:
1073:
960:
943:
756:
575:in late June, arriving near
483:during the revolution. (The
421:Forts Clinton and Montgomery
7:
1743:New York Prison Ships begin
1712:Capture of Fort Ticonderoga
1675:First Liberty poles erected
1504:Savas, Theodore P. (2006).
1456:Morrissey, Brendan (2000).
1437:Logusz, Michael O. (2010).
1397:Ketchum, Richard M (1997).
737:Henry Brockholst Livingston
669:11th Massachusetts Regiment
10:
2790:
2264:Tinmouth Historic District
1880:Setauket Spy Ring launched
1313:American Battlefield Trust
685:2nd New Hampshire Regiment
552:
494:The American retreat from
487:was fought in what is now
449:American Revolutionary War
31:American Revolutionary War
2724:1777 in the United States
2673:
2605:
2577:
2557:
2456:
2448:West Haven Baptist Church
2420:
2399:
2378:
2312:
2286:
2277:
2154:
2143:
2123:
2066:British evacuate New York
2053:
2032:
1997:
1989:Battle of Fort St. George
1954:
1918:
1872:
1819:Siege of Fort Ticonderoga
1801:
1793:Battle of Fort Washington
1725:
1704:
1688:
1662:
1372:
860:
852:
844:
832:
828:
816:
792:
702:
611:British troops give chase
451:fought in the village of
443:was an engagement in the
364:
300:
287:
215:
130:
51:
36:
28:
23:
2665:Sanderson Covered Bridge
2587:Forest Dale Iron Furnace
2504:Gen. Robinson Hall House
2229:Mountain View Stock Farm
2199:Gifford Woods State Park
1778:Battle of Valcour Island
1773:Execution of Nathan Hale
1763:Battle of Harlem Heights
1523:Pancake, John S (1977).
1405:. New York: Henry Holt.
1388:Anburey, Thomas (1923).
1352:"Hubbardton Battlefield"
899:
531:Friedrich Adolf Riedesel
2655:Kingsley Covered Bridge
2350:Poultney Central School
2117:Rutland County, Vermont
2009:runs aground at Montauk
1984:Battle of Klock's Field
1962:Battle of Young's House
1895:Attack on German Flatts
1849:Battle of Staten Island
1508:. Casemate Publishers.
1441:. Casemate Publishers.
836:5696 Monument Hill Road
683:behind, along with the
79:Rutland County, Vermont
2650:Hammond Covered Bridge
2597:Hubbardton Battlefield
2539:Anthony Scoville House
2524:Thomas H. Palmer House
2494:Green Mountain Cottage
2474:Chaffee-Moloney Houses
2407:Crowley Cheese Factory
2391:West Rutland Town Hall
1946:Boyd and Parker ambush
1910:Cherry Valley massacre
1890:West Point established
1788:Battle of White Plains
1783:Battle of Pell's Point
1768:Great Fire of New York
766:
732:
712:
620:
481:only battle in Vermont
467:forces, under General
384:Slaying of Jane McCrea
229:Ebenezer Francis
216:Commanders and leaders
2645:Gorham Covered Bridge
2630:Cooley Covered Bridge
2534:Proctor-Clement House
2019:Battle of Fort Slongo
1926:Battle of Stony Point
1829:Siege of Fort Stanwix
1738:Battle of Long Island
1696:Battle of Golden Hill
1593:National Park Service
764:
730:
710:
618:
471:, caught up with the
301:Casualties and losses
100:43.69528°N 73.13861°W
2640:Depot Covered Bridge
2529:Arthur Perkins House
2370:Wells Village School
2360:Sudbury School No. 3
2259:Simeon Smith Mansion
2204:Hosford–Sherman Farm
2169:Brandon State School
2137:Brown Covered Bridge
1885:Battle of Cobleskill
1839:Battle of Bennington
1758:Landing at Kip's Bay
1616:at Wikimedia Commons
1614:Battle of Hubbardton
783:Battle of Bennington
601:New Hampshire Grants
489:Walloomsac, New York
485:Battle of Bennington
457:New Hampshire Grants
441:Battle of Hubbardton
73:New Hampshire Grants
24:Battle of Hubbardton
2719:Hubbardton, Vermont
2635:Dean Covered Bridge
2484:Asahel Kidder House
2061:Newburgh Conspiracy
2024:Battle of Johnstown
1936:Sullivan Expedition
1824:Battle of Fort Anne
1392:. Houghton Mifflin.
1023:Republic of Vermont
984:Stanley, pp. 114–15
839:Hubbardton, Vermont
813:
787:Battles of Saratoga
681:Green Mountain Boys
651:(24th, 29th, 34th,
567:for control of the
453:Hubbardton, Vermont
105:43.69528; -73.13861
96: /
2544:Simeon Smith House
2469:Allen-Castle House
2464:Nathan Allen House
1979:conspiracy exposed
1967:First Purple Heart
1931:Battle of Minisink
1844:Battle of Setauket
1834:Battle of Oriskany
1717:Invasion of Canada
1680:Stamp Act Congress
1311:. Washington, DC:
882:In popular culture
811:
800:Richard M. Ketchum
767:
733:
713:
693:invasion of Quebec
621:
2729:Conflicts in 1777
2689:
2688:
2625:Cold River Bridge
2573:
2572:
2345:Longfellow School
2304:Paramount Theater
2079:
2078:
1941:Battle of Newtown
1814:Saratoga campaign
1612:Media related to
1595:. April 24, 2008.
1538:978-0-8173-5112-0
1467:978-1-85532-862-4
1412:978-0-8050-6123-9
870:
869:
555:Saratoga campaign
445:Saratoga campaign
434:
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354:Saratoga campaign
319:
318:
282:Freiherr Riedesel
126:
125:
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2549:Homer Waldo Farm
2386:Pawlet Town Hall
2335:Hydeville School
2325:Braintree School
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1309:Battlefields.org
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2006:
1586:
1572:. Retrieved
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1356:. Retrieved
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1316:. Retrieved
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622:
569:Hudson River
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440:
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389:Fort Stanwix
373:
313:49–60 killed
310:230 captured
277:Simon Fraser
268:
232:
221:
162:
136:
131:Belligerents
59:July 7, 1777
29:Part of the
2509:Hulett Farm
2479:Clementwood
2457:Residential
1425:(Paperback
772:Fort Edward
689:Nathan Hale
677:Seth Warner
516:Seth Warner
264:Seth Warner
246:Nathan Hale
103: /
71:, disputed
2698:Categories
2607:Structures
2499:Hager Farm
2400:Industrial
2379:Government
2287:Commercial
1809:Meigs Raid
1574:2008-11-17
1381:References
1318:October 6,
741:Isaac Dunn
718:Skenesboro
629:grenadiers
597:Hubbardton
563:began his
549:Background
539:Skenesboro
512:rear guard
399:Bennington
374:Hubbardton
91:73°08′19″W
88:43°41′43″N
75:territory;
69:Hubbardton
2676:See also:
2421:Religious
2313:Education
2279:Buildings
2156:Districts
1358:6 January
757:Aftermath
661:Loyalists
645:62nd Foot
605:Castleton
508:Castleton
379:Fort Anne
296:1,030 men
293:2,000 men
204:Brunswick
199:Loyalists
121:aftermath
2615:Bridge 4
2129:Landmark
2127:Historic
2125:National
2007:Culloden
1568:Archived
1476:43419003
1421:41397623
1289:, p. 214
1277:, p. 213
1238:, p. 216
1226:, p. 180
1214:, p. 205
1190:, p. 203
1175:, p. 201
1163:, p. 200
1148:, p. 199
1136:, p. 198
1112:, p. 194
1100:, p. 193
1088:, p. 190
1076:, p. 188
1064:, p. 147
1021:and the
1019:New York
963:, p. 215
946:, p. 232
833:Location
679:and the
559:General
529:General
473:American
426:Kingston
404:Saratoga
394:Oriskany
288:Strength
210:Iroquois
64:Location
1547:2680804
1049:, p. 22
861:Website
722:Rutland
589:cannons
465:British
447:of the
233:†
77:now in
1972:Arnold
1545:
1535:
1512:
1497:549809
1495:
1474:
1464:
1445:
1429:
1419:
1409:
1265:p. 336
793:Losses
703:Attack
665:jägers
647:) and
643:, and
527:German
500:a.k.a.
248:
187:Quebec
170:
143:
116:Result
2579:Sites
1976:André
900:Notes
853:Owner
750:hymns
2681:and
2054:1783
2033:1782
2005:HMS
1998:1781
1955:1780
1919:1779
1873:1778
1802:1777
1726:1776
1705:1775
1689:1770
1663:1765
1543:OCLC
1533:ISBN
1510:ISBN
1493:OCLC
1472:OCLC
1462:ISBN
1443:ISBN
1427:ISBN
1417:OCLC
1407:ISBN
1360:2022
1320:2021
845:Type
785:and
739:and
653:53rd
641:34th
637:29th
439:The
358:1777
119:See
56:Date
2115:in
633:9th
491:.)
2700::
1591:.
1585:.
1541:.
1470:.
1415:.
1307:.
1294:^
1255:^
1180:^
1153:^
1054:^
977:^
951:^
930:^
916:^
639:,
635:,
545:.
2105:e
2098:t
2091:v
1974:–
1648:e
1641:t
1634:v
1577:.
1549:.
1518:.
1499:.
1478:.
1451:.
1433:)
1423:.
1362:.
1322:.
631:(
344:e
337:t
330:v
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