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Battle of Klushino

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unit failed to notify Shuisky that it had encountered the Polish-Lithuanian army. On the other hand, Żółkiewski was confident in his powerful hussars, and decided to press with the attack. On 3 July he decided to leave part of his forces besieging the camp, and take the most mobile units against Shuisky's troops. The ruse was successful, as the besieged troops never realized that the bulk of the Polish-Lithuanian army was temporarily engaged elsewhere, and neither was Shuisky aware of the Polish-Lithuanian movements nor expecting a major engagement.
722:Żółkiewski decided to attempt negotiations with the enemy, with significant success. Abandoned by the Russians, the foreign mercenaries entered negotiations with the Polish troops and eventually surrendered, having reached satisfactory conditions. The mercenaries were allowed to withdraw under the condition that they would not enlist with the Tsardom of Russia against the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth again. Additionally, several hundred mercenaries chose to switch sides, enlisting with the Polish-Lithuanian army. 233: 1910: 726: 1919: 1931: 134: 25: 243: 320: 661: 648:, composed of Flemish, French, Irish, German, Spanish, English, and Scottish soldiers. Including the forces that did not take part in combat (remained in camp, reserve, or were delayed), the numbers were 12,300 Polish-Lithuanian soldiers against 48,000 soldiers under Russian command. The Polish-Lithuanian army was supported by two 739:
Russians. According to another account by Nagielski, they pursued the retreating Russians, inflicting several thousand casualties. The Poles took much loot and trophies, from luxury goods (gold, silver, furs) to military equipment (including all 11 Russian artillery pieces) to war trophies (several command flags and banners).
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The battle began before dawn. The first part of the battle consisted of Polish hussars repeatedly charging the fortified Russian positions, attempting to break them. The Polish forces continued to make ferocious attacks, and Samuel Maskiewicz, a witness from one hussar company, claimed that his unit
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The main Russian army was then allowed to retreat, as Shuisky preferred not to reengage in hostilities – despite the advice of his other commanders to the contrary. Meanwhile, the Polish were exhausted and more interested in looting the camp and (according to Podhorecki) did not attempt to stop the
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The Russian army was divided into foreign mercenary regiments on the right (north-west) flank, and the main Russian army on the center and left (south-east) flank. The Russian battle line consisted of infantry (pikemen, musketeers, arquebusiers), mostly behind the village fences, with a second line
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camp. The Russian troops found themselves encircled and trapped in their camp, but the main force under Shuisky, of about 35,000, was only days away. Russia, however, did not know the real strength of the Polish-Lithuanian forces, and how greatly they outnumbered them. Further, the besieged advance
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tactics ended disastrously when the Polish cavalry instead closed into melee after discharging their firearms. As this Russian cavalry counterattack was mauled by the Poles, the left flank of the Russian army was broken and, in the ensuing confusion, Russian ranks broke and they were pushed back
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While the center of the Russian army disintegrated, Russian regiments continued to hold on the right wing until they were overpowered, and the mercenary troops continued to put up strong resistance for several hours on the left wing. Eventually when the Polish infantry and cannons arrived, the
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The Polish forces now surrounded the two enemy camps. Further, the mercenaries who took positions in the forest were surrounded as well. However, the Russian fortified camp, filled with some still unbloodied troops (outnumbering the exhausted Polish force) was a serious obstacle.
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mercenaries were forced to abandon their positions. A large portion of the foreign troops managed to retreat under the protection of their long infantry pikes in good order to the safety of their fortified camp (which was separate from the Russian camp).
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of cavalry to the rear and on the left wing (where there were fewer fences). The Russian artillery, left in the camp, played no role in the battle. Polish units consisted primarily of cavalry, namely the
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The battle is seen by modern historians as a decisive victory in the war, although contemporary accounts were less clear on this issue, and some tried to stress the importance of the
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In 1610, in response to the Polish-Lithuanian advance on Russia, Russia and Sweden formed an alliance, and launched an operation known as the
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infantry on the left wing. Another 200 infantry and two cannons would arrive later, and did not participate in the first part of the battle.
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charged eight or ten times. The Polish hussars' attacks on the infantry, hidden behind the fences, and using firearms, were not successful.
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The Polish-Lithuanian forces numbering about 6,500–6,800 men (of which about 5,500, or about 80 percent, were the famous "winged"
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Overall, the battle lasted about five hours. Shuisky's losses were about 5,000; Żółkiewski's, about 400 (including 100 hussars).
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and attempted to attack it soon after dawn on 24 June, but the Russians were able to fortify their positions at
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Mirosław Nagielski (1995). "STANISŁAW ZÓŁKIEWSKI herbu Lubicz (1547–1620) hetman wielki".
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Mirosław Nagielski (1995). "STANISŁAW ZÓŁKIEWSKI herbu Lubicz (1547–1620) hetman wielki".
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The battlefield, a flat agricultural field, was crossed by a high village
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faced a numerically superior force of about 30,000 Russians under Princes
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unit to counterattack the hussars. However, their attempt to employ
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then proclaimed the Polish-Lithuanian prince of the Commonwealth
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Hoping to take advantage of Polish exhaustion, Shuiski ordered a
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and Żółkiewski entered Moscow with little opposition. The
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Bolesław I's intervention in the Kievan succession crisis
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units temporarily allied to Russia, under the command of
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Battle of Klushino Silver Coin Issued by Mint of Poland
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encountered the advance Russian force of 8,000 under
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Battles involving the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
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1337:Livonian War 1300:16th century 1274:(1443–1444) 1224:(1409–1411) 1204:15th century 1167:14th century 1144:13th century 1052:BUM Magazine 1051: 1046: 1032: 999: 955: 819: 787: 771:Seven Boyars 767:Seven Boyars 744: 741: 737: 721: 717: 713: 701: 697: 693:picket fence 690: 678: 667: 616: 592: 577: 552: 516: 512: 510: 469: 451: 412: 406: 214:Belligerents 124:Part of the 113: 100: 90: 83: 76: 69: 57: 33: 2615:World War I 1812:(2003–2011) 1774:(1944–1990) 1736:(1919–1920) 1730:(1918–1919) 1716:(1918–1940) 1705:(1914–1918) 1703:World War I 1694:(1863–1864) 1688:(1830–1831) 1676:(1803–1815) 1633:War of 1792 1629:(1768–1774) 1623:(1733–1735) 1617:(1700–1721) 1595:(1683–1699) 1576:(1666–1671) 1557:(1654–1667) 1522:(1633–1634) 1439:(1626–1629) 1433:(1621–1625) 1427:(1617–1618) 1371:(1594–1596) 1365:(1591–1593) 1359:(1587–1588) 1353:(1563–1570) 1345:(1577–1582) 1333:(1534–1537) 1327:(1512–1522) 1315:(1507–1508) 1309:(1500–1503) 1292:(1492–1494) 1268:(1431–1435) 1213:(1401–1409) 1176:(1340–1392) 1159:(1283–1422) 777:as the new 527:during the 376:(1609–1618) 189: / 154:4 July 1610 2897:Categories 2735:resistance 2279:The Deluge 1567:The Deluge 1241:Gollub War 1235:Hunger War 1068:(Kluszino) 796:References 574:Background 397:Dobrynichi 177:34°55′48″E 174:55°39′27″N 73:newspapers 2083:Great War 1136:(to 1795) 950:based on 763:Vasili IV 734:Aftermath 642:mercenary 551:(Polish: 515:, or the 103:June 2020 43:talk page 2858:Iraq War 1810:Iraq War 1086:Archived 944:Archived 708:caracole 621:) under 553:Smoleńsk 549:Smolensk 537:Klushino 523:and the 490:Mozhaysk 470:Klushino 388: : 275:Strength 166:, Russia 164:Klushino 159:Location 2733:,  2731:history 2622:on the 1986:Bohemia 1054:, 2016. 759:Valuyev 686:Cossack 650:cannons 619:hussars 547:) near 545:Kłuszyn 431:Bolkhov 426:Zaraysk 421:Kozelsk 289:11 guns 138:Polish 87:scholar 1763:(1941) 1744:(1923) 1682:(1812) 1640:(1794) 1549:(1651) 1534:(1638) 1528:(1637) 1503:(1630) 1497:(1625) 1473:(1619) 1461:(1606) 1453:(1610) 1419:(1605) 1321:(1508) 1243:(1422) 1237:(1414) 1076:Maps: 1039:  1007:  962:  827:  704:reiter 656:Battle 636:, and 623:Hetman 595:hetman 557:hetman 541:Polish 495:Yelets 282:2 guns 202:Result 140:hussar 89:  82:  75:  68:  60:  402:Kromy 302:5,000 94:JSTOR 80:books 1037:ISBN 1005:ISBN 960:ISBN 825:ISBN 511:The 151:Date 66:news 299:400 49:by 2899:: 1082:, 1079:, 1031:, 971:^ 954:, 839:^ 805:^ 632:, 543:: 455:: 416:: 1845:e 1838:t 1831:v 1118:e 1111:t 1104:v 1013:. 833:. 539:( 365:e 358:t 351:v 105:) 101:( 91:· 84:· 77:· 70:· 53:. 39:.

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Polish–Russian War (1609–1618)

hussar
Klushino
55°39′27″N 34°55′48″E / 55.65750°N 34.93000°E / 55.65750; 34.93000
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

Tsardom of Russia
Kingdom of Sweden
Stanisław Żółkiewski
Dmitry Shuisky
Jacob De la Gardie
Battle of Klushino is located in European Russia
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v
t
e
Polish–Russian War
(1609–1618)

False Dmitry I

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