Battle of Kontum - Knowledge

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night. There was considerable risk that enemy units would break through the lines and capture the city. A new B-52 strike was requested for the base of the penetration. This request was denied by the MACV staff because the intended strike area was too close to a small village shown on the map. After considerable debate and analysis by the advisory staff, Truby remembered a technique taught at Fort Leavenworth and suggested to Bá that the troops at the nose of the penetration be withdrawn 500 yards (460 m) despite the obvious difficulty of such a nighttime maneuver. This would clear the threat to the town. Truby and Bá convinced Vann that if the ARVN forces could be pulled back during the cover of darkness, their safety concerns could be met. The request was approved by II Corps and MACV and the new strike was adjusted by the B-52 in flight while ARVN artillery continued heavy fire to hold enemy forces in place. The strike was delivered on schedule with devastating results as PAVN forces had massed to break the perimeter defense. The attack had been stopped and numerous tanks destroyed. The strike was decisive, for the first time since Tan Canh, the PAVN momentum had been broken. The three weakened PAVN divisions regrouped in the jungle surrounding Kontum.

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battalion that was already very close to their lines. The two forces were now close enough for hand-to-hand combat. Truby called Lt. Col. Tom McKenna, senior advisor to the 44th ARVN Regiment, and told him to pull his men back and to have his troops find deep foxholes. As the hour for the B-52 strike approached, ARVN troops laid down cover fire to allow those in close proximity to the PAVN forces to be pulled back. At the same time the 44th Regiment was holding its own against the PAVN along its perimeter with the aid of AC-130s and helicopters. The two B-52 air strikes were close enough that as McKenna stated, "it was like they came from the center of the earth – just like the bowels of the earth exploding." The PAVN forces pulled back having suffered significant casualties. On 15 May the PAVN attack continued, but the 44th held its positions assisted by tactical air support.

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The PAVN penetrated the base perimeter suffering heavy losses, the remaining U.S. advisers called in airstrikes as the morning fog cleared but by 10:00 the 47th Regiment commander had lost contact with most of his subordinates and the command group evacuated the command bunker for a bunker in the inner perimeter. A T-54 moved into the base and began direct fire on the command post, the two remaining M-41s engaged the T-54, however their 76mm guns had no apparent effect on the T-54 which quickly knocked out both M-41s. A relief column of M-41s supported by infantry arrived from Ben Het around this time, but all the M-41s were knocked out by

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Regiments increased with the 45th facing the heaviest action. Tactical air support was diverted to supporting the regiment. Lt. Col. Grant and Rhotenberry were able to divert two B-52 strikes scheduled for 02:30 on 27 May and this blunted the attack. That same morning the 44th Regiment woke to discover PAVN tank and infantry within their perimeter. The area hadn't been properly secured and T-54 tanks were within 50 yards (46 m) of the bunkers. If these PAVN units breached the 44th's defenses, they could pour into the city. The defenders were able to use M-72 LAW fire to slow the tanks. By dawn,

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have been lost. The 23rd Division's determined defense under the leadership of Bá forced the PAVN forces to compensate by attempting a breakthrough of the perimeter. This exposed them to a decisive strike which killed a great many of their soldiers. Without these two elements, the 23rd Division might not have pulled itself together and successfully resisted three divisions of battle-hardened PAVN soldiers and armor units. Nevertheless, their capabilities and the leadership of Bá were of primary importance

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and at 19:00 the two U.S. advisers at the base were evacuated by helicopter. The ARVN continued to hold for a further 3 days during which time U.S. airpower, including 16 B-52 strikes, was concentrated on the attacking PAVN. On the morning of 9 May the ARVN abandoned the base in the face of a PAVN tank and infantry assault. At Ben Het on 9 May elements of the PAVN 203rd Armored Regiment assaulted the camp. ARVN Rangers destroyed the first three PT-76 tanks with

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third attack the 53rd was pushed from their positions. Throughout that day the 53rd tried to regain their position but the PAVN was now dug in. Rhotenberry, the division's new senior adviser, and Bá decided to pull up nine M-41 tanks and to direct all that fire to the enemy position along with helicopter gunships. The front was restored. Three additional assaults were made in the early morning hours. Each was pushed back after fierce hand-to-hand combat.

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attacked from the south. The ARVN artillery began targeting the T-54 tanks moving down Route 14. This targeting separated the supporting PAVN infantry from their tanks and allowed the ARVN tank killers to do their work. Two T-54s were destroyed by teams with LAWs. The sky was overcast and tactical air support was not able to operate, however,

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celebration cake to the advisers and ARVN commanders for the Kontum victory. Vann had been key in developing a more subtle and flexible approach to the war, one based on winning over the hearts and minds of the local population while using the US military's traditional strengths. His death was a huge loss.

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That same night Vann and his pilot were flying through the mountains. The night was rainy and there were low clouds. The pilot didn't realize his altitude and flew into the hillside. A Vietnamese account stated that the helicopter carrying him was shot down. The purpose of the flight was to deliver a

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The battle see-sawed back and forth on 28 May. The PAVN occupied bunkers and buildings in sections of the city and were too well fortified to be destroyed by air or artillery attacks. However, their ability to launch a sustained attack seemed to be gone. With US and RVNAF air superiority, PAVN troops

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As captured documents stated that the attack would take place at 04:00 on 14 May, Truby suggested to Vann that they order an air strike in preparation. However, the heavy PAVN artillery build up that had signalled attack at Tan Canh and the FSBs was absent. Even so, air support was requested. Another

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Just before 06:00 on 24 April, the PAVN tanks attacked Tân Cảnh in two columns. One column of T-54s attacked the main gate, the other moving to secure the airstrip. The advance of the tanks caused the 900 support troops to panic. The new command bunker was hit by further artillery fire destroying the

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tanks with its 105mm cannon. Three T-54s were disabled but later recovered by the PAVN. At midnight the tank column turned towards Tân Cảnh and the ARVN artillery began firing on the column until stopped by PAVN counterbattery fire. Two bridges on the approach to Tân Cảnh were abandoned without being

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The other keys to success, in addition to the B-52 strikes, were the close integration of US advisers and their ARVN counterparts and the moment-to-moment edge provided by aviation units flying in support of the ARVN forces. If the ARVN forces had not been able to hold their ground, the battle would

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From 29 May to 8 June the ARVN forces went bunker to bunker cleaning out the remaining PAVN forces. On 9 June the city of Kontum was declared fully secure by the 23rd Division Commander, Bá, who had been promoted to Brigadier General. The combined efforts of the ARVN troops and US aviation units had

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helicopter fire. B-52 sorties were again used. However the PAVN had years of experience with the B-52s and knew not to mass troops as they had while trying to break the perimeter defense. At 03:45 on 20 May, the 53rd Regiment was attacked by the first of three all-out assaults from the north. On the

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the 22nd Division commander. By midday all five of the M-41 tanks in the base and several more bunkers had been destroyed by the missiles. At 11:00 Vann landed to assess the situation and instructed the U.S. advisers to prepare to escape and evade from the camp. At 19:00 PAVN rocket fire ignited the

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On the night of 16 May the PAVN pushed the 53rd from its positions and the perimeter was partially penetrated. Col. Bá blocked the nose of the penetration by ensuring that the 53rd's reserve force was put in proper location; but he did not want to move an additional blocking force through Kontum at

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and made contact with the advisers who had escaped from the base perimeter. Vann landed and six advisers squeezed into the helicopter while frightened ARVN troops hung onto the skids. The helicopter flew to Đắk Tô II to drop off the passengers and then flew back to Tân Cảnh where they picked up the

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in Pleiku, were dispatched to provide support. The firebases were totally dependent on helicopter support for supplies and ammunition and in spite of the heavy anti-aircraft fire, the helicopters went on the offensive to provide fire support to the FSBs. At one point, the northern part of Delta was

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In the early hours of 25 May, PAVN mortar and artillery fire increased enough to indicate preparation for a major attack. In the southern quadrant, the artillery fire kept the 23rd Division in their bunkers. Under the artillery cover, the PAVN sappers, some dressed in ARVN uniforms, moved into the

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which blocked the avenue for attack on Kontum and to Ben Het Camp which threatened their supply lines. Polei Kleng had been subjected to artillery fire since 24 April, but from midday on 6 May the volume of fire increased dramatically with over 500 rounds systematically destroying the base bunkers

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helicopter #69-15715 landed to evacuate the six U.S. advisers who had been rescued from the Tân Cảnh perimeter, this helicopter was hit by PAVN anti-aircraft fire and crashed, five passengers and crew were killed in the crash while five survived, evaded capture and were recovered up 13 days later.

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Since the start of the Easter Offensive at the end of March, the base areas had come under increasing PAVN artillery and rocket fire, which had gone from 20 to 50 rounds per day in March to up to 1000 per day by mid-April. During early April, the 47th Regiment withdrew to Đắk Tô II, while the 42nd

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The Battle of Kontum, a key success during this period, was virtually ignored in the US. The victory was written off simply as an example of B-52 power. Certainly the hundreds of missions between February and June were a major element of the success, but the PAVN had neutralized this advantage in

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On the ground in Kontum, Colonel John Truby, the acting Senior Advisor for the 23rd (awaiting the arrival of Col. Rhotenberry), had the task of tactical coordination of defense. Outlying units were brought into the city. A perimeter defense of the city and proper defence was implemented. The ARVN

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The strike was decisive for the battle, but the PAVN still had superior numbers and quickly began to regroup. During this period, Rhotenberry, the advisor originally assigned to work with Bá, arrived in country. Vann returned Truby to his original job of overseeing other actions within II Corps.

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The PAVN attacked Kontum without the heavy artillery preparation that had been used at Tan Canh and drove straight down Route 14. The 48th PAVN Regiment and 203rd Tank Regiment attacked the city from the northwest. The 28th PAVN Regiment came from the north and the 64th and 141st PAVN Regiments

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On 7/8 February following intelligence showing a PAVN buildup in the area the 22nd Division forward command post, 47th Regiment and supporting units were moved from Ba Gi to the Đắk Tô/Tân Cảnh area. Elements of the 19th Cavalry Regiment were attached to the Division to support its organic 14th

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The PAVN continued their rocket and artillery fire throughout the day. Then at 20:00 on the 14th, the PAVN launched a second attack, putting heavy pressure on the north, west and south. There were two B-52 strikes scheduled and Truby asked Vann if those strikes could be used to target the PAVN

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and recoilless rifle fire and the infantry dispersed. With the failure of this counterattack and the loss of command and control the ARVN forces began to evacuate the base towards the south. As the ARVN attempted to cross the Dak Poko river they came under intense PAVN fire and the senior U.S.

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On 25 April the PAVN mopped up the remaining ARVN positions around Tân Cảnh/Đắk Tô. The 22nd Division had ceased to exist as a fighting unit, the Division commander Col. Đạt and his entire staff had disappeared and the PAVN had captured 23 105mm and seven 155mm howitzers and large supplies of

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was able to destroy nine tanks, two machine guns, and one truck. This effectively stopped the momentum of the attack. Later in the day Bá threw a battalion of the 44th Regiment into the fight. This limited the enemy penetration of the ARVN lines. After dark, attacks on the ARVN 45th and 53rd

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With the loss of Tan Canh, little stood between the PAVN and Kontum. Whether because of logistical issues or lack of leadership, the PAVN did not pursue their advantage. Instead of refilling their tanks and traveling 25 miles to Kontum, the PAVN waited for almost three weeks.

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radio antennas. With the collapse of all command and control on the base, the American advisers abandoned the command bunker and moved to a new position to call in airstrikes, however fog made such airstrikes impossible. At dawn Vann arrived over Tân Cảnh in his

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adviser LTC Robert Brownlee disappeared during this engagement. At 20:00 the 47th Regiment command group attempted to escape the base and by 04:30 on 25 April after losing several men to PAVN fire escaped the base perimeter and were recovered the following day.

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Vann took direct control of the ARVN II Corps forces. The remaining FSBs were evacuated. Du was ordered to Saigon and replaced by Major General Toàn. Vann also coordinated the replacement of the 22nd with the 23rd ARVN Division under the command of Colonel

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captured document indicated the attack had been moved back to 04:30, again, no attack occurred. Finally the defenders realized that PAVN intelligence would be operating on Hanoi time. At 05:30 as predicted, the attack began.

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for his actions in 2022. The attacks on the firebases continued as April wore on. Finally on 21 April, FSB Delta was taken by the PAVN. Several of the other bases had to be given up soon after with heavy casualties.

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remaining three advisers, however the helicopter was swarmed by panicky ARVN and crashed on takeoff. Another helicopter came in and picked up Vann, his pilot and the three advisers and flew them to

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and this was followed by a direct hit on the 42nd Regiment command bunker injuring the senior U.S. Adviser and several of the ARVN commanders and severely undermining the confidence of Colonel

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in the North, Nguyen Hue being a hero of Vietnamese resistance against the Chinese in 1789. The Easter Offensive would make use of fourteen divisions and would be the largest in the war.

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indicated that the time had come for large-scale conventional offensives that could end the war quickly. The resulting offensive, planned for the spring of 1972, would be known as the

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missiles, thereby breaking up the attack. The Rangers spent the rest of the day stabilising the perimeter ultimately destroying 11 tanks and killing over 100 PAVN.

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policy, there were no American divisional forces in the Central Highlands, only advisers and U.S. aviation units including Air Cavalry helicopter units from the

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During the next two weeks, the ARVN and PAVN forces tested each other. The ARVN forces responded to artillery attacks with their own artillery or by calling in

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overrun by elements of the 320th Division. Vann, already in the area for an air rescue, was able to direct attacks on the PAVN soldiers entering the base with

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plus B3 Front's combat units equaled another division, the 203rd Armor Regiment, and local Viet Cong forces under the command of Lt. Gen. Hoàng Minh Thảo.

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crews were still able to destroy two T-54 tanks. With helicopters to neutralize the tanks, the ARVN infantry was able to stop the advance of the PAVN.

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ammunition and stores. With the loss of the main camps, the remaining firebases along Rocket Ridge were abandoned and the PAVN had a clear approach to

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On 6 June, the PAVN's B3 Front Command mobilized their last reserve unit, the 66th Regiment to cover the withdrawal of all remaining within the town.

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began soon after. The North Vietnamese knew that if they could capture Kontum and the Central Highlands, they would cut South Vietnam in half.

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There were two factors that persuaded North Vietnam that all out assaults of this kind could be successful. First, due to President Nixon's

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along the border as a logistical artery for years. The mountainous terrain and the jungle were a shield against American air attack.

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Regiment and one Battalion of the 41st Regiment were at Tân Cảnh supported by armor and artillery. In addition ARVN Airborne and

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In the early morning of 26 May, the PAVN attacked the 23rd Division from the north with tank/infantry teams. At first light,

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took the 2nd airborne brigade out of Kontum, once the 6th Ranger Group arrived to fill the gap a day before.

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One hour after the main PAVN attack on Tân Cảnh commenced, the PAVN began their attack on Đắk Tô II. A

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On 14 April, following a rocket and artillery barrage, the 320th Division attacked Firebase Charlie (

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soldiers, believing that the T-54 tanks were unstoppable, were trained on how to attack them using

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Second, the North Vietnamese had persuaded the Soviets and Chinese to provide 400

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destroyed. The ARVN organised hunter-killer teams and these destroyed two tanks.

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The 1972 Easter Offensive/Nguyen Hue Campaign began with a massive attack on the

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could not receiving adequate food and supplies from their bases in the jungle.

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helicopters arrived from Pleiku. The dense smoke obscured the action but the

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which was regarded as the most likely direction of a PAVN armored attack.

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At 21:00 a column of 18 PAVN tanks was spotted in the area, an Air Force

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occupied a string of firebases along Rocket Ridge. On 23 April, the PAVN

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Trial By Fire: The 1972 Easter Offensive, America's Last Vietnam Battle

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On 4 April 1972, the PAVN launched an early morning attack against

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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

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started their attack on Tân Cảnh by hitting the ARVN tanks with

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defenders were forced to abandon the base that night. Major

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A Bright Shining Lie: John Paul Vann and America in Vietnam

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large part by using the jungle and attacking at night.

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Battles of the Vietnam War involving the United States

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gunships. The PAVN attack was stopped in its tracks.

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South Vietnamese soldiers man a bunker in Kontum city

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In early May the PAVN turned their attention to the

3375: 3728: 3726: 3293:against the equivalent of two PAVN divisions, the 475:(PAVN estimate) 41,000 killed, wounded or captured 4242:Battles and operations of the Vietnam War in 1972 4030:Indochina Monographs The Easter offensive of 1972 3515:gunship arrived at 23:00 and began to engage the 3468:. The armored units would be deployed forward at 4228: 3723: 3507:Kontum dispositions in Easter 1972 - early April 3952: 3955:The Vietnam Experience: South Vietnam on Trial 3443: 529: 4116:. Department of the Army. pp. 215–217. 3456:In early 1972 the ARVN 42nd Regiment of the 4217:Video of 1st Combat Aerial TOW Team actions 3953:Fulghum, David; Maitland, Terrence (1984). 4065:"Information on Helicopter UH-1H 69-15715" 3957:. Boston Publishing Company. p. 116. 3632:helicopters had arrived on the scene from 536: 522: 4114:Mounted Combat In Vietnam Vietnam Studies 4022: 4020: 3980: 3978: 3976: 3974: 3948: 3946: 3944: 3942: 3940: 3647: 4036:. U.S. Army Center of Military History. 3921:Kontum: Battle for the Central Highlands 3612:UH-1 armed with TOW missiles, 2 May 1972 3607: 3502: 3447: 4067:. Vietnam Helicopter Pilots Association 3984: 3888: 3836: 3834: 3832: 3830: 3828: 3826: 3824: 3822: 3820: 3818: 3816: 3814: 3812: 3810: 3808: 3806: 3804: 3802: 3800: 3798: 3796: 3794: 3792: 3790: 3788: 3786: 3784: 3782: 3780: 3778: 3776: 3774: 4229: 4111: 4105: 4017: 3971: 3937: 3882: 3772: 3770: 3768: 3766: 3764: 3762: 3760: 3758: 3756: 3754: 3616:On 13 May 1st Combat Aerial TOW Team ( 496:During the Central Highlands campaign: 473:During the Central Highlands campaign: 4222:World in Action feature on the battle 4043:from the original on August 13, 2020. 3923:. Project CHECO. 1972. pp. 88–9. 3696:finally stopped the massive assault. 3372:air attacks that February and March. 3107:Bo De River, Nha Trang, Tha Cau River 517: 4149: 3273:The Battle for Kontum would pit the 414:B3's combat units equaled a division 4026: 3751: 3331:tanks before the spring offensive. 406:48th, 52nd, 64th Infantry Regiments 299:44th, 45th, 53rd Infantry Regiments 13: 396:1st & 141st Infantry Regiments 286:42nd & 47th Infantry Regiments 118:South Vietnamese and U.S. victory 14: 4263: 4205: 3868: 3376:Attacks on the Fire Support Bases 3339:North Vietnam had been using the 4128: 4045: 3925: 3856: 422: 379: 366: 355: 335: 315: 269: 218: 177: 158: 145: 133: 37: 4144: 4079: 4057: 3464:Cavalry Regiment equipped with 3275:Army of the Republic of Vietnam 417:203rd Armor Regiment (30 tanks) 4003: 3913: 3603: 3285:under the command of Lt. Gen. 16:Part of the Vietnam War (1972) 1: 3989:. Random House. p. 754. 3716: 3334: 1723:New Year's Day battle of 1968 498:(U.S. estimate) 20,000–40,000 4197:Resources in other libraries 3895:. Hippocrene Books. p. 3699: 3452:Map showing the PAVN attacks 3364:, the civilian "general" of 3235:decided that its victory in 1788:Joint General Staff Compound 1778:Cholon and Phu Tho Racetrack 1120:Thayer, Irving and Thayer II 7: 4252:History of Kon Tum province 4089:. MIA Facts. Archived from 4013:. Battle of Kontum website. 3460:was stationed at Tân Cảnh. 3444:Loss of Tân Cảnh and Đắk Tô 1716:Tet Offensive and aftermath 10: 4268: 4027:Ngo, Quang Truong (1980). 3561: 3266:and provincial capital of 3157:Lists of allied operations 4192:Resources in your library 3598: 3310:7/17 Air Cavalry Squadron 2589:Cambodia and Mekong Delta 559: 445: 261: 170: 126: 47: 36: 28: 23: 3256:People's Army of Vietnam 3231:began in mid-1971, when 2172:DMZ Campaign (1969–1971) 2165:Vietnamization 1969–1971 1407:Malheur I and Malheur II 441:675th Artillery Regiment 4247:May 1972 events in Asia 3665:buildings south of the 685:Dương Liễu – Nhông Pass 439:40th Artillery Regiment 409:54th Artillery Regiment 3985:Sheehan, Neil (1988). 3889:Andrade, Dale (1995). 3648:Final attack on Kontum 3613: 3508: 3453: 1793:Bien Hoa and Long Binh 171:Commanders and leaders 91:14.35611°N 108.00778°E 4112:Starry, Donn (1978). 3611: 3506: 3500:base ammunition dump 3451: 3243:in the South and the 3237:Operation Lam Son 719 2994:Tan Son Nhut Air Base 2330:Montgomery Rendezvous 2213:Massachusetts Striker 1783:Tan Son Nhut Air Base 717:American intervention 446:Casualties and losses 302:19th Cavalry Regiment 289:14th Cavalry Regiment 3738:cuuchienbinhtphcm.vn 3289:and later Maj. Gen. 3245:Nguyen Hue Offensive 1169:Tan Son Nhut airbase 547:Military engagements 3556:Joint General Staff 3554:. On 25 April, the 3411: / 3262:and a third to the 3227:The lead-up to the 2641:Paris Peace Accords 2421:Pennsylvania Square 2075:Phase III Offensive 1970:Landing Zone Center 1084:Baton Rouge Victory 96:14.35611; 108.00778 86: / 55:2 May – 1 July 1972 4156:McKenna, Thomas P. 3614: 3509: 3454: 3415:14.576°N 107.778°E 3346:The ARVN bases at 3252:Demilitarized Zone 2755:Fall of Phnom Penh 2414:Cambodian campaign 470:howitzers captured 4178:Library resources 4150:Secondary Sources 4093:on 8 January 2015 3341:Ho Chi Minh Trail 3264:Central Highlands 3222: 3221: 2768:Mayaguez incident 2462:Firebase O'Reilly 2344:Campbell Streamer 2054:Pocahontas Forest 925:Buddhist Uprising 821:Masher/White Wing 512: 511: 386:Military Region 5 342:Airborne Division 122: 121: 4259: 4212:Battle of Kontum 4183:Battle of Kontum 4138: 4132: 4131: 4127: 4109: 4103: 4102: 4100: 4098: 4083: 4077: 4076: 4074: 4072: 4061: 4055: 4049: 4048: 4044: 4042: 4035: 4024: 4015: 4014: 4007: 4001: 4000: 3982: 3969: 3968: 3950: 3935: 3929: 3928: 3924: 3917: 3911: 3910: 3886: 3880: 3879: 3872: 3866: 3860: 3859: 3855: 3853: 3851: 3846: 3838: 3749: 3748: 3746: 3744: 3730: 3588:Polei Kleng Camp 3498: 3466:M-41 light tanks 3426: 3425: 3423: 3422: 3421: 3416: 3412: 3409: 3408: 3407: 3404: 3281:and (later) the 3241:Easter Offensive 3229:Battle of Kontum 3029:Naval operations 2956:Proud Deep Alpha 2649:War of the flags 2633:The Vinh wiretap 2583:Easter Offensive 2318:Pipestone Canyon 2281:Washington Green 1986:Concordia Square 1926:Burlington Trail 1865:Truong Cong Dinh 554: 548: 538: 531: 524: 515: 514: 427: 426: 425: 384: 383: 371: 370: 362:17th Air Cavalry 360: 359: 340: 339: 330:6th Ranger Group 327:2nd Ranger Group 320: 319: 274: 273: 257: 246:Nguyễn Mạnh Quân 238:John G. Hill Jr. 233: 223: 222: 209: 202: 182: 181: 163: 162: 151: 149: 148: 139: 137: 136: 110: 109: 107: 106: 105: 103: 98: 97: 92: 87: 84: 83: 82: 79: 49: 48: 41: 24:Battle of Kontum 21: 20: 4267: 4266: 4262: 4261: 4260: 4258: 4257: 4256: 4227: 4226: 4208: 4203: 4202: 4201: 4186: 4185: 4181: 4152: 4147: 4142: 4141: 4129: 4124: 4110: 4106: 4096: 4094: 4085: 4084: 4080: 4070: 4068: 4063: 4062: 4058: 4046: 4040: 4033: 4025: 4018: 4009: 4008: 4004: 3997: 3983: 3972: 3965: 3951: 3938: 3926: 3919: 3918: 3914: 3907: 3887: 3883: 3874: 3873: 3869: 3857: 3849: 3847: 3844: 3840: 3839: 3752: 3742: 3740: 3732: 3731: 3724: 3719: 3702: 3667:Kontum Airfield 3650: 3606: 3601: 3564: 3492: 3446: 3420:14.576; 107.778 3419: 3417: 3413: 3410: 3405: 3402: 3400: 3398: 3397: 3378: 3337: 3291:Nguyễn Văn Toàn 3225: 3224: 3223: 3218: 3145:Paracel Islands 2840:Rolling Thunder 2508:Toan Thang 1/71 2482:Jefferson Glenn 2358:Nantucket Beach 2089:Champaign Grove 2019:Mameluke Thrust 1883:My Lai Massacre 1537:Wheeler/Wallowa 1325:The Hill Fights 1052:John Paul Jones 1046:Minh Thanh Road 844:Suoi Bong Trang 649:Quyet Thang 202 563:Guerrilla phase 555: 546: 544: 542: 508:tanks destroyed 499: 494: 493:tanks destroyed 488: 482: 479:In this battle: 471: 461: 455: 452:In this battle: 440: 438: 432: 423: 421: 378: 365: 364: 354: 353: 334: 314: 268: 251: 247: 245: 243:Hoàng Minh Thảo 235: 229: 217: 216: 205: 196: 191: 188:Nguyễn Văn Toàn 176: 157: 146: 144: 143: 134: 132: 101: 99: 95: 93: 89: 88: 85: 80: 77: 75: 73: 72: 71: 42: 17: 12: 11: 5: 4265: 4255: 4254: 4249: 4244: 4239: 4225: 4224: 4219: 4214: 4207: 4206:External links 4204: 4200: 4199: 4194: 4188: 4187: 4176: 4175: 4174: 4173: 4151: 4148: 4146: 4143: 4140: 4139: 4123:978-1780392462 4122: 4104: 4078: 4056: 4016: 4002: 3995: 3970: 3963: 3936: 3912: 3905: 3881: 3867: 3750: 3721: 3720: 3718: 3715: 3701: 3698: 3649: 3646: 3605: 3602: 3600: 3597: 3563: 3560: 3445: 3442: 3437:Medal of Honor 3382:Firebase Delta 3377: 3374: 3362:John Paul Vann 3336: 3333: 3306:Vietnamization 3283:23rd Divisions 3220: 3219: 3217: 3216: 3211: 3206: 3201: 3196: 3191: 3186: 3181: 3176: 3171: 3166: 3153: 3152: 3147: 3142: 3135: 3128: 3121: 3116: 3109: 3104: 3101:Deckhouse Five 3097: 3090: 3085: 3078: 3071: 3064: 3059: 3052: 3050:Gulf of Tonkin 3047: 3025: 3024: 3017: 3010: 3003: 2996: 2991: 2984: 2975: 2968: 2959: 2952: 2945: 2938: 2931: 2924: 2917: 2910: 2903: 2898: 2891: 2884: 2879: 2872: 2865: 2862:Combat Skyspot 2858: 2851: 2844: 2835: 2828: 2821: 2814: 2807: 2800: 2793: 2786: 2775:Air operations 2771: 2770: 2765: 2762:Fall of Saigon 2758: 2751: 2744: 2739: 2732: 2717: 2716: 2711: 2706: 2701: 2696: 2691: 2686: 2681: 2676: 2671: 2666: 2661: 2656: 2651: 2636: 2635: 2630: 2629: 2628: 2623: 2616: 2611: 2606: 2601: 2596: 2591: 2573: 2572: 2567: 2560: 2555: 2548: 2547: 2546: 2538:Middlesex Peak 2534: 2527: 2518: 2517: 2516: 2504: 2501:Cuu Long 44-02 2497: 2492: 2485: 2478: 2471: 2464: 2459: 2452: 2449:Wolfe Mountain 2445: 2442:Pickens Forest 2438: 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Duffy 3430: 3424: 3394: 3392: 3387: 3386:Camp Holloway 3383: 3373: 3371: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3357: 3353: 3349: 3344: 3342: 3332: 3330: 3326: 3322: 3318: 3313: 3311: 3307: 3302: 3300: 3299:2nd Divisions 3296: 3292: 3288: 3284: 3280: 3276: 3271: 3269: 3265: 3261: 3257: 3253: 3248: 3246: 3242: 3238: 3234: 3233:North Vietnam 3230: 3215: 3212: 3210: 3207: 3205: 3202: 3200: 3197: 3195: 3192: 3190: 3187: 3185: 3182: 3180: 3177: 3175: 3172: 3170: 3167: 3165: 3162: 3161: 3160: 3159: 3158: 3151: 3148: 3146: 3143: 3141: 3140: 3136: 3134: 3133: 3132:Custom Tailor 3129: 3127: 3126: 3122: 3120: 3117: 3115: 3114: 3110: 3108: 3105: 3103: 3102: 3098: 3096: 3095: 3091: 3089: 3086: 3084: 3083: 3079: 3077: 3076: 3072: 3070: 3069: 3065: 3063: 3060: 3058: 3057: 3053: 3051: 3048: 3045: 3044: 3039: 3038: 3034: 3033: 3032: 3031: 3030: 3023: 3022: 3021:Frequent Wind 3018: 3016: 3015: 3011: 3009: 3008: 3004: 3002: 3001: 2997: 2995: 2992: 2990: 2989: 2985: 2983: 2982: 2981: 2980:Linebacker II 2976: 2974: 2973: 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3493: [ 3418: / 3406:107°46′41″E 3082:Stable Door 3068:Game Warden 3062:Vung Ro Bay 3056:Market Time 2928:Giant Lance 2914:Igloo White 2869:Tiger Hound 2848:Steel Tiger 2811:Barrel Roll 2736:Hue–Da Nang 2721:Spring 1975 2669:Trung Nghia 2643:(1973–1974) 2620:Thunderhead 2531:Finney Hill 2523:Lam Son 719 2406:FSB Ripcord 2393:Green River 2311:Lamar Plain 2295:Apache Snow 2260:Geneva Park 2246:Atlas Wedge 2129:Meade River 2061:Quyet Chien 1965:West Saigon 1947:Allen Brook 1933:Scotland II 1877:Quyet Thang 1839:Coronado XI 1687:Yellowstone 1622:Coronado IX 1529:Dragon Fire 1515:Coronado IV 1489:Coronado II 1363:Prairie III 1331:Beaver Cage 1224:Sam Houston 1202:Cedar Falls 1194:Deckhouse V 1019:Nathan Hale 972:Crazy Horse 965:Paul Revere 878:Silver City 864:Cocoa Beach 552:Vietnam War 550:during the 252: [ 197: [ 94: / 31:Vietnam War 4231:Categories 3906:0781802865 3717:References 3593:BGM-71 TOW 3583:missiles. 3573:Lý Tòng Bá 3490:Lê Đức Đạt 3403:14°34′34″N 3335:Background 3094:Sea Dragon 3014:Eagle Pull 2988:Homecoming 2876:Shed Light 2797:Ranch Hand 2714:Phước Long 2704:Thượng Đức 2689:Svay Rieng 2674:Ap Da Bien 2558:Long Khánh 2435:Elk Canyon 2400:Texas Star 2239:Maine Crag 2220:Wayne Grey 2102:Thượng Đức 1773:US Embassy 1755:Coronado X 1673:Manchester 1545:Coronado V 1496:Hood River 1462:The Slopes 1391:Kingfisher 1370:Prairie IV 1356:Prairie II 1238:Enterprise 1142:Shenandoah 1000:Lam Son II 944:Birmingham 213:Lý Tòng Bá 194:Lê Đức Đạt 100: ( 81:108°0′28″E 78:14°21′22″N 4171:711989000 4097:8 January 4071:8 January 3743:31 August 3700:Aftermath 3139:End Sweep 2882:Thanh Hoa 2855:Arc Light 2832:Iron Hand 2783:Farm Gate 2742:Phan Rang 2679:Quang Duc 2564:Chenla II 2337:Utah Mesa 2108:Maui Peak 1832:Hop Tac I 1805:Quảng Trị 1694:Muscatine 1615:Lancaster 1592:MacArthur 1579:Ong Thanh 1456:Concordia 1414:Kole Kole 1338:Con Thien 1319:Manhattan 1128:Attleboro 1007:Hawthorne 986:Hardihood 958:Austin IV 931:Xa Cam My 813:Van Buren 710:Dong Xoai 643:Kien Long 638:Long Dinh 583:Đồng Khởi 487:destroyed 460:destroyed 308:U.S. MACV 4038:Archived 3429:Airborne 3366:II Corps 3348:Tân Cảnh 3150:East Sea 3119:Đồng Hới 3113:Sealords 3046:stations 3007:New Life 3000:Babylift 2901:Yen Vien 2748:Xuân Lộc 2684:Tri Phap 2659:Hồng Ngự 2654:Cửa Việt 2599:Loc Ninh 2489:Tailwind 2468:Chenla I 2135:Hat Dich 2096:Vinh Loc 1992:Kham Duc 1940:Delaware 1896:Carentan 1824:Lo Giang 1747:Lang Vei 1736:Khe Sanh 1680:Saratoga 1657:Napoleon 1636:Santa Fe 1482:Coronado 1449:Billings 1428:Union II 1400:Crockett 1384:Kentucky 1279:Suoi Tre 1231:Pershing 1163:Geronimo 1091:Amarillo 1077:Long Tan 1066:Colorado 1040:Hastings 1013:Hill 488 918:Jackstay 911:Fillmore 857:Harrison 850:New York 799:Marauder 771:Ia Drang 758:Gang Toi 728:Starlite 690:Qui Nhơn 674:Binh Gia 663:Nam Dong 626:Hiep Hoa 577:Biên Hòa 433:~40,000 310:advisors 276:II Corps 60:Location 3581:M72 LAW 3562:Prelude 3478:Rangers 3329:Type 59 3321:T-34-85 3277:(ARVN) 3209:1973–74 2907:Niagara 2790:Chopper 2709:Phú Lộc 2699:Duc Duc 2371:LZ Kate 2324:Binh Ba 2233:Ben Het 2200:2nd Tet 2081:Duc Lap 2041:Binh An 1903:Pegasus 1853:Patrick 1846:Houston 1810:Bến Tre 1768:Da Nang 1665:Phoenix 1608:Osceola 1559:Bolling 1435:Dragnet 1377:Buffalo 1349:Hickory 1298:Lejeune 1217:Gadsden 1175:Fairfax 1149:Atlanta 1059:Prairie 993:Wahiawa 979:El Paso 937:Georgia 904:Lincoln 838:Mastiff 746:Plei Me 741:An Ninh 735:Piranha 700:Sông Bé 621:Go Cong 601:Sunrise 589:Chopper 506:Type 59 231:† 207:† 4180:about 4169: 4162: 4120: 3993: 3961: 3903: 3599:Battle 3552:Kontum 3531:Pleiku 3526:OH-58A 3513:AC-130 3352:Đắk Tô 3327:, and 3287:Ngô Du 3268:Kontum 3260:Saigon 3040:& 3037:Yankee 2895:Popeye 2614:Kontum 2604:An Lộc 2570:Nui Le 1975:An Bao 1960:Dai Do 1889:Walker 1859:Tam Kỳ 1817:Coburg 1729:McLain 1708:Auburn 1629:Neosho 1599:Dak To 1566:Medina 1508:Benton 1250:Bribie 1210:Desoto 1112:Seward 1072:Duc Co 890:Oregon 705:Ba Gia 695:Ka Nak 668:An Lao 615:Ấp Bắc 608:Shufly 227: 203: 184:Ngô Du 150: 138: 115:Result 102:Kontum 65:Kontum 4041:(PDF) 4034:(PDF) 3845:(PDF) 3538:UH-1H 3497:] 3391:Cobra 3325:T-54s 3317:PT-76 3295:320th 3088:PIRAZ 3043:Dixie 2942:Patio 2639:Post- 2514:Snuol 2035:Robin 1643:Essex 1552:Kunia 1522:Swift 1442:Akron 1312:Baker 1305:Union 1274:Ap Gu 1033:Macon 897:Texas 884:A Sau 806:Crimp 655:USNS 491:PT-76 481:~1000 468:155mm 464:105mm 454:1000+ 256:] 201:] 4167:OCLC 4160:ISBN 4118:ISBN 4099:2015 4073:2015 3991:ISBN 3959:ISBN 3901:ISBN 3852:2024 3745:2024 3517:T-54 3370:B-52 3350:and 3297:and 3279:22nd 3214:1975 3204:1972 3199:1971 3194:1970 3189:1969 3184:1968 3179:1967 3174:1966 3169:1965 3164:1964 2935:Menu 2888:Bolo 2576:1972 2047:Thor 1187:1967 1098:Byrd 871:Utah 792:1966 752:Hump 721:1965 657:Card 570:Laos 504:and 502:T-54 485:T-54 466:, 7 458:M-41 52:Date 3897:368 1799:Hue 1342:DMZ 1082:SS 1026:Jay 632:34A 500:24 462:23 456:15 4233:: 4019:^ 3973:^ 3939:^ 3899:. 3753:^ 3736:. 3725:^ 3669:. 3533:. 3495:vi 3358:. 3323:, 3319:, 489:5 483:8 429:VC 254:vi 199:vi 67:, 4137:. 4126:. 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Index