Bazball - Knowledge

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a series victory. The "aggressive field settings and constant tinkering" led McCullum to say that Stokes "is determined not just to drive this team but cricket forward. He seems to have taken captaincy to a new level...What we see on the field pulling the strings...he's constantly active, making plays and always thinking about wickets and he's so consistent with his message that he doesn't care about runs. That's one thing...his general positivity is quite staggering." Tactics in the field included moving fielders constantly, changing bowlers to improve match-ups, and utilising unconventional fielding positions including the use of leg slips, three men in front of square, and a back-stop.

27: 328:. However, England in the summer of 2022 won all four matches chasing a total in the fourth innings, three against New Zealand and one against India, with those fourth innings chases being 277, 299, 296 and 378 runs. They became the first side in Test history to chase three scores of 250-plus in back-to-back games against New Zealand, and the first England side to ever win four consecutive Test matches batting last. Stokes as captain upon winning the toss began routinely in the summer of 2022 choosing to chase, something which goes against the orthodoxy in Test cricket but is the orthodoxy in limited-overs cricket. 515:, addressed a meeting of directors of cricket from the first-class counties to discuss the way they intend the England team to play and the subsequent qualities needed in future international players. It was said they were looking to develop a culture in which no constraints of past processes exist, with a focus on optimising each player's unique strengths. This didn't mean each player had to play in the same buccaneering style as had been England's hallmark under McCullum and Stokes, but the style which best showcases them with a recognition that batsmen play the best when they can be mentally free. 36: 425:, Stokes was quoted as saying "The message just was run into the fear of what the game was rather than stand still or back away from it...I'll say it quite simply: we were either winning this game or losing it. That was the mentality that we wanted all the batsmen coming in to have...It's obviously paid off. When you have the backing of the coach and captain, it rubs off on the players in a very positive way. So you're not fearing failure. You're just going out and doing what you want to do." 158:-enforced restrictions". With no dramatic change to the players selected, England "against all odds" experienced success: "their bowlers rose to the challenge, taking 20 wickets in six of the seven Test matches, while their batsmen scored at unprecedented pace. England won six of their seven Tests this summer, their second-most in a single season anywhere in the world." Only once (in 2004) had they won more, and in the time since "they had not even matched six wins, let alone bettered it." 476:, in favour of a "nighthawk". Instead of promoting a lower-order batsmen late in a day to protect the top order by blocking, the lower-order batter is asked to 'swing for the fences' to score and disorient the opponents. During the English summer test matches of 2022 on occasion Stuart Broad would be padded up for the last few overs of the day in order that, if called upon, he could attempt a few late evening blows to accelerate the scoring and cheer the crowd. Broad told 455:

aggressive as you can and set nice and aggressive fields." The England bowling unit under Stokes' captaincy has seen him encourage fast bowlers to bowl fuller, not to protect their bowling figures over moving the game forward, and to prioritise wickets over run protection at all times. This has not always been the convention in test match cricket. England

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cricket. For us, it was a matter of trying to bring a bit of enjoyment back, try and bring the fans in to make sure they're enjoying Test cricket, and hopefully provide a bit more relevance to a game which has probably been under a little bit of pressure of late. That was the big goal and it will continue to be so moving forward."

394:, when the evening conditions were perceived to be a better time to be bowling rather than batting as a side. It was the second-earliest declaration in the first innings of a match in the history of Test cricket, and the speed of the scoring rate by the England batsmen allowed the declaration to be made to suit the conditions with 238:, but boosted by the changes brought about by one-day cricket, saying "The team I was lucky enough to play in, we just backed ourselves and played without fear. I think T20, if it's brought anything to cricket is players, especially batsmen, have to go out there and play without fear and that's moved up through 402:

after just 78 overs of England's first innings, despite Joe Root being unbeaten on 118, in order to bowl at the Australian batsman for four overs on the first day. It was the earliest first-innings declaration in Ashes history. It was the fifth time Stokes had declared a first innings in his previous

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was quoted as saying "In teams I've played in, the way I've thought – a lot of the decisions are made around negativity...Stokes is going out the opposite way." On the tour of Pakistan in late 2022 Stokes' use of "wacky" fielding positions and bowling changes was said to have helped his side achieve

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that cricket from the Ben Stokes-Brendon McCullum partnership was "some of the best Test match series I've ever watched in my life" and that it was in the process of altering the notions and ideas that had been in place since the inaugural Test in 1877, saying "What England have proved this year is

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against Pakistan on 19 December, 2022. Broad would make his debut in the nighthawk role on 17 February 2023 in England's second innings in the first test in a series of two against New Zealand. He told BBC Sport that he was lying on the physio's bed when Brendon McCullum walked through the door and

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A component of Bazball is said to be "confusionless cricket", and whilst "attacking all the time is the key, but not attacking blindly is the mantra" with it being "a meticulous approach of never letting the game die and always seeking results." Speaking after England chased a record run-chase in a

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coach, in May 2022. McCullum himself has voiced concern that the term can't express the nuances of the England team's approach or his management style. The name, however, has picked up increasing use across the wider cricketing media. McCullum for whom the term is named after also dislikes the name

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Speaking after his first English summer as England coach McCullum discussed the responsibility to make the game appealing saying "you look at where Test cricket is around the world and how important it is to all of those who have played the game beforehand, and the relevance of it in international

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that it was in England's first innings against New Zealand on his home ground of Trent Bridge in 2022 that McCullum suggested it to him, somewhat unexpectedly, "I went to make a coffee, in my flip flops, and Baz came up and said, 'you are in next, get your pads on. I think the crowd has gone a bit

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scoring England's third fastest century of all time (80 balls), and Crawley (86 balls) scoring the fastest ever by an England opener and the fifth fastest overall. The desire to score quickly has been noted to have had an impact on the batting of Stokes himself who on occasion was "one batsman who

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described the Bazball philosophy as "play positive red-ball cricket; to soak up pressure when required but also be brave enough to put it back on opponents at the earliest opportunity; to make taking wickets the sole aim in the field; and to strive chiefly for victory across the five days without

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when he scored a century at greater than a run a ball, saying "The more we see players like that succeed, the more the negativity around that type of Test cricket will eventually die out because it is so exciting to watch, because cricket is an entertainment business. Yes, you want results but you

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also cautioned against not adapting play to suit conditions, saying that playing on "certain types of wickets, when you try and attack every ball, you will falter. There are both advantages and disadvantages to this approach. Sometimes, on the wicket, conditions need to be respected." Whether the

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to Test cricket and they're starting to play that way. To me, that's the way everyone should play cricket. When you've got a team that goes out there and backs themselves, they play without fear and it's amazing what you can achieve. With Brendon McCullum coming in, I think he's definitely bought

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Ben Stokes said the style was discussed from his very first meeting as captain with McCullum, with Stokes telling the media that "I have been thinking stuff like that but the first chat with Baz was 'yeah we can do it this way – why not?'... It has taken away all the external pressures of playing

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matches. Since the inception of the style until June 2023, England averaged a run rate of 4.65 per over, significantly higher than the next highest in Test match history. A faster scoring rate has allowed the team to declare their innings earlier and seek a result where ordinarily a draw would

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discussed the change brought about to the English Test team commenting on how McCullum had managed to "change the attitude of some of the English players to not be scared about getting out and to be fully committed to thinking about scoring runs and when you get the ball in your hand to be as

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against Pakistan that was seen as a risk and "about 50 runs shy of what experts felt would be the ideal score to have enough cushion", only to win by 74 runs after giving Pakistan the chance to win. They played less defensively, leading to former Australian cricketer and now commentator

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that you can play Test cricket in that fashion...It's made for unbelievable entertainment. It's created a new level of interest and proved that you don't have to play Test cricket one way, particularly as a batsman, which for, I suppose the 150 years, has always been one way."

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was quoted as saying after England played in Pakistan in December 2022: "England can be really proud. They're revolutionising Test cricket. They wanted to give Test cricket the life that it deserved. They want to be entertaining. And they've surely done that here in Pakistan."

2447: 349:. These runs came in 75 overs at a run rate of 6.75, an unprecedented rate record in Test cricket. Had England faced the full 90 overs of a day's play at that run rate they would have passed 600. The previous record for the most runs on day one of a match was 494 set by 207:. During Morgan's first summer of captaincy of the England One Day International team he had urged his team to adopt more of the no-fear approach of the touring New Zealand side captained by Baz McCullum. For his part, Morgan told cricket journalist Firdose Moonda of 2289: 1090: 2417: 141:

is derived from Brendon McCullum's longstanding nickname. As a player he was known for his aggressive stroke play, and as New Zealand captain had a highly successful period when he used an attacking approach. This approach, Steve McMorran wrote in

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When Phillip Hughes died on the pitch, it was 2014, Brendon McCullum was captaining New Zealand. He said we are going to play without care, without consequence, because we are going to play every day as if it’s our last and to hell with judgment.

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has, perhaps, taken things too far on occasion... and fallen cheaply." England batsmen have also demonstrated innovation when facing Test match bowlers, such as Joe Root playing reverse-ramp shots against pace bowling, and batting left-handed.

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at 3.66. This has meant the team has bucked the trend of victorious sides of Test matches usually requiring 140 or more overs to win. On 1 December 2022, England reached a total of 506-4 at the end of first day's play in a Test match against

511:, with fewer points awarded for drawn matches and maximum batting points only available to teams able to score at more than four runs an over. In January 2023, England captain Ben Stokes, managing director Rob Key, and Brendon McCullum over 149:

McCullum's tenure as England's coach coincided with a turnaround in the fortunes of the England Test cricket team. The side had won only one Test match in the seventeen played before the hiring of Stokes and McCullum, with previous captain

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for the most declarations in test history before the 110th over of an innings, but Fleming had taken 80 matches to reach that mark, and Stokes fifteen. Australia went on to win the test by two wickets in the dying overs of the fifth day.

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discussing the mental side of McCullum's approach when he said: "There's no doubt Baz has had an impact already. It's a very positive language in the changing room. It's very forward thinking. All about how to move this game forward".

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Stokes was quoted as using 'positivity' and 'aggression' which would involve risking defeat if it provides a better chance of winning. An aggressive, high-risk high-reward style was noted with England's leading all-time wicket taker

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If you detach from consequence and you don't feel judged, you play freely. That's what this England side is doing at the moment and they're doing it so well. The seed was germinated through the passing of Phillip Hughes.

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international sport. There's enough on individuals and as a team as it is but taking all the other stuff away is why everything is so relaxed, calm and enjoyable at the moment." He used the example of bowling at

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when writing about McCullum's spell as New Zealand captain suggests that this has been a consistent theme for him, with Kimber writing "BazBall was a lifestyle choice...McCullum was just as happy to boost up

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said "BazBall not only revitalise England's cricket team but also give the game's traditional format the shot in the arm it so desperately needs." Revitalise was also a word used by former Australia captain

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quiet, you are a local boy so try and hit your first ball for four and get them revved up again'." Broad, however, was never required in the role, and it was later on in the year that 18-year-old spin bowler

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The Bazball style and mindset is said to have an emphasis on taking positive decisions in attack and defence, whether batting or in the field. Many of these skills and strategies were developed in playing

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want people to enjoy watching a spectacle. Yes, cricket has always been a spectacle but it's about doing it differently now. So yeah, cheers Rishabh." Cricket writer Huw Tuberville writing in

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saying "Courageous, fearless positive mindset gets them a win in Rawalpindi on the most docile surface. I don't think any other team in world cricket would have rolled the dice like that."

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in September 2022 said "I worry that Stokes' batting aggression – CricViz says he attacked 41 per cent of balls this summer compared to 24 per cent in 2019 – is underselling his talents."

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With the popularity of Test cricket waning in some areas of the world and with some cricket administrators prioritising one-day and Twenty20 versions of the game, Paul Sutton writing for

2229: 1427: 1670: 1549: 582:. Critics argue that Bazball undermines the balance between attack and defence, making them vulnerable to losing matches they might otherwise have won through a more measured approach. 398:

describing the "boldness" of the declaration as evidence of Stokes' "reputation as a captain unwilling to let the game stagnate or drift". Stokes declared in the opening innings of the

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Critics argue that Bazball is not a sustainable long-term strategy for Test cricket. One concern is that this high-risk approach can lead to frequent batting collapses, as seen in the

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Changes in English domestic cricket came about in order to encourage an increased prevalence in the style of play closer to that sought by the England Test match team. Ahead of the

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scoring the fastest ever England century opening stand (83 balls), Crawley and Duckett scoring the fastest opening double-century partnership in Test cricket history (181 balls),

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quoted as saying "We've got a captain and coach that don't want draws. We're not playing for draws." The desire to seek results to Test matches led to a Stokes declaration in

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Cricket writer Chris Stocks identified seven principles of Bazball that could be promoted by a cricket coach in a team environment at the highest level of the game. They are:

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s Tuffers and Vaughany podcast, saying "If you think you are going to plunder the best bowlers in the world with a new conker when they are fresh then you are an idiot."

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blocking as he was looking for players to smack it. It was about intent, invention and commitment. He was happy to let them fly and be the best versions of themselves".

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Two years later, he scored the fastest Test century in the history of the game, 54 balls against Australia. Bazball is a consequence of Phillip Hughes’ passing.

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when he told the ICC Review "So far it has been unbelievable, and it has actually almost reinvigorated Test match cricket again." Former Pakistan captain

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The change in style of play produced immediate results in the summer of 2022. The England Test match side were playing a three-match series against

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112 years previously in 1910. This innings also included England's highest ever total in the first session of a Test (174),

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On 16 February 2023, fast scoring rates by the top order allowed England to declare their innings on the first day of a

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in the white-ball (one-day) form of the game who had overseen a period of success for England, including victory in the

635: 354: 2267: 1808: 313: 665: 2410:""Can't mix entertainment with stupidity": Michael Vaughan criticises England's Bazball approach in 2nd Ashes Test" 2230:"Proteas cutting back fixtures a bad sign for Test cricket but BazBall could save format amid white-ball explosion" 350: 1389: 2050:"New Zealand vs England 1st Test, Day 2 review: Broad makes Nighthawk debut after Blundell ton shifts momentum" 346: 1572:"The Ashes: England's Jonny Bairstow hails adventurous declaration from Ben Stokes in first Test vs Australia" 2140:"County Championship tweaked for 2023 with fewer points for draws and two rounds played with Kookaburra ball" 1023:"What is a Nighthawk in cricket? Stuart Broad's novel anti-nightwatchman role in England Test team explained" 340:

of 4.65 per over. This is significantly higher than the next highest in Test match history - Australia under

146:, meant McCullum managed "to upend the Black Caps' traditional conservative approach and underdog mindset." 2475: 1200: 2320:"Brendon McCullum: England captain Ben Stokes a rare, incredible person, Stokes: We owed it to the Nation" 504: 317: 67: 1990:"England's Stuart Broad tells Sky Sports about Brendon McCullum and Ben Stokes' effect on the Test team" 434: 430: 1693:"England commit to Bazball by selecting Liam Livingstone in Pakistan: 'I won't change the way I play'" 1171:"Inside 'Bazball': The seven key principles behind Brendon McCullum's England Test cricket revolution" 2490: 608: 486: 193:

and transposing them into the longer form, and traditionally slower, Test match game. Tim Wigmore in

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The Bazball era of English test cricket has seen the team at times eschew the traditional use of a

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scoring the most runs in the first over of an innings ever by an England player (14), Crawley and

1053:"Ben Stokes wants help from the press - but his predecessors would testify that is a rare luxury" 473: 2440:"Bazball backfires as England slammed after historic loss to India: UK view, reaction, analysis" 204: 2290:"'Ultimate moment of clarity': Inside Bazball's beginnings and secrets to its 'rapid' success" 26: 99: 560:

style would bear scrutiny against all opposition has been questioned. Former England opener

2380:""Then you are an idiot" - Geoffrey Boycott strongly disagrees with the 'Bazball' approach" 2350:"England want to play a certain style of cricket...': Ashwin's honest criticism of Bazball" 71: 8: 993:"Eoin Morgan: 'In the shorter format, every batter has the ability to play aggressively'" 556: 508: 195: 2110:"Peter Moores welcomes Bazball mindset in county cricket but warns of teething problems" 1663:"Ben Stokes: "That blows away Headingley, it blows away Lord's and the World Cup final"" 1771:"Pakistan v England: Rawalpindi win fully vindicates Ben Stokes & Brendon McCullum" 533: 1929: 1269: 1140: 575: 399: 379: 321: 181: 155: 35: 2199: 726:"Forget 'Bazball' – McCullum's England could be given reality check by South Africa" 395: 143: 79: 44: 907:

Kerry O’Keefe highlights Philip Hughes’ tragic death as inspiration behind Bazball

1542:"England's astonishing declaration proved Bazball will not bow to Ashes pressure" 1118: 512: 404: 387: 190: 1891:"The wacky tactics and fields Ben Stokes used to take England to series victory" 485:

first got to be nighthawk, promoted to bat at number three in the Test match in

2170:"Ben Stokes and Brendon McCullum tell counties to embrace 'Bazball' revolution" 1360:"The incredible stats from England's record-breaking Bazball blitz in Pakistan" 756:"Bazball isn't a philosophy or blueprint – it is a response to a game in decay" 422: 247: 246:

Kerry O'Keefe, a former Australian cricketer, directly links the 2014 death of

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drew parallels with the style of the McCullum-Stokes England team with his own

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fourteen tests as captain. It moved him equal with former New Zealand captain

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England Bazball inspired by Phillip Hughes death, claims Australia Ashes hero

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wrote that the "path to Bazball runs directly from" the England captaincy of

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One aspect of Bazball is batsmen taking the skills learned and honed playing

122: 62: 2259: 1800: 544: 418: 295: 260: 217: 131: 75: 1960:"Ben Stokes reveals 'the nighthawk's' role in England's bold new approach" 1831:"'Bazball' uncovered - the secrets behind England's daring new philosophy" 1330:"What is 'Bazball', England's revolutionary new approach to test cricket?" 847:"How Brendon McCullum's England will attack the Black Caps with 'Bazball'" 1300:"Pakistan v England: Are Ben Stokes' team changing Test cricket forever?" 482: 366: 362: 358: 341: 200: 1511:"Cricket world in shock over England's 'outrageous' day one declaration" 1480:"Harry Brook leads England to day one declaration before seamers strike" 1603:"Bazball unpacked: how England have turned up the dial in Test cricket" 1262:"Bazball unpacked: how England have turned up the dial in Test cricket" 521: 477: 460: 439: 87: 48: 1922:"Release the Nighthawk! England's novel approach to the nightwatchman" 877:"England break records with bat and ball in unforgettable Test summer" 1133:"Ben Stokes and Brendon McCullum offer counties a guide to 'Bazball'" 336:

Since the inception of the style until June 2023, England averaged a

1450:"Duckett, Brook set up England attacking declaration in first Test" 456: 383: 337: 151: 103: 1861:"Stokes and McCullum inspire bowling attack to transform England" 421:, including a period of 102 runs in nine overs hit by Stokes and 324:. The previous summer, India and New Zealand had competed in the 91: 507:

it was announced that attacking play would be encouraged in the

963:"The McCullum takeover is Baz news for cricket the world over" 817:"Bazball goes home as England takes on Kiwis in New Zealand" 130:

podcast. This came after McCullum's appointment as England

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Samson, Andrew; Martin, Ali; Bull, Andy (13 June 2023).

445: 2020:"Nighthawk' cameo caps Rehan Ahmed's match-seizing day" 1723:"England's 'Bazball' faces first away test in Pakistan" 417:

Test in Nottingham in June 2022 against New Zealand at

1231:"Ben Stokes' England revelling in thrill of the chase" 696:"The birth of 'Bazball' – and what it actually means" 564:

was forthright and scathing in his assessment on the

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as Test captain by English cricket managing director

2260:"Can 'Bazball' win the Ashes? Ponting has his say" 1801:"Can 'Bazball' win the Ashes? Ponting has his say" 2467: 1600: 933:"Without Eoin Morgan there would be no Bazball" 666:"'I don't really like that silly term Bazball'" 490:said "Hawk, it's time...You're going in next." 320:to conclude a previous series postponed by the 239: 126:UK editor Andrew Miller on an episode of the 78:. It was developed after the appointments of 1201:"What is the new cricketing term 'Bazball'?" 787:"What 'Bazball' means - a beginner's guide" 1259: 527: 302: 1260:Martin, Ali; Bull, Andy (13 June 2023). 498: 70:, referring to the style of play of the 1919: 1420:"Why Joe Root opted to bat left-handed" 493: 2468: 1508: 1130: 1063:from the original on 15 September 2022 706:from the original on 12 September 2022 326:2021 ICC World Test Championship Final 2390:from the original on 16 February 2023 2330:from the original on 16 February 2023 2300:from the original on 15 February 2023 2270:from the original on 15 February 2023 2240:from the original on 15 February 2023 2210:from the original on 15 February 2023 2180:from the original on 15 February 2023 2150:from the original on 16 February 2023 2120:from the original on 15 February 2023 2090:from the original on 18 February 2023 2060:from the original on 17 February 2023 2030:from the original on 16 February 2023 2000:from the original on 16 February 2023 1970:from the original on 16 February 2023 1901:from the original on 16 February 2023 1871:from the original on 16 February 2023 1841:from the original on 15 February 2023 1811:from the original on 15 February 2023 1781:from the original on 16 February 2023 1733:from the original on 15 February 2023 1703:from the original on 15 February 2023 1673:from the original on 15 February 2023 1643:from the original on 15 February 2023 1539: 1490:from the original on 16 February 2023 1460:from the original on 16 February 2023 1430:from the original on 27 December 2022 1400:from the original on 15 February 2023 1370:from the original on 15 February 2023 1340:from the original on 15 February 2023 1310:from the original on 16 February 2023 1241:from the original on 15 February 2023 1211:from the original on 16 February 2023 1181:from the original on 15 February 2023 1093:from the original on 16 February 2023 1033:from the original on 16 February 2023 1003:from the original on 15 February 2023 973:from the original on 15 February 2023 943:from the original on 15 February 2023 887:from the original on 16 February 2023 857:from the original on 16 February 2023 827:from the original on 15 February 2023 784: 766:from the original on 15 February 2023 736:from the original on 15 February 2023 676:from the original on 15 February 2023 604:"Will Australia come to the Bazball?" 446:Aggressive fields and bowling changes 331: 601: 597: 595: 236:Australian cricket team of the 1990s 913:from the original on 17 August 2023 307: 284:Praise – even for the little things 66:UK editor Andrew Miller during the 13: 1920:Ashdown, John (17 February 2023). 411: 294:Stocks quoted veteran pace bowler 14: 2502: 2450:from the original on 31 July 2024 2420:from the original on 31 July 2024 2360:from the original on 2 March 2023 1940:from the original on 20 July 2023 1613:from the original on 16 June 2023 1582:from the original on 17 June 2023 1552:from the original on 17 June 2023 1521:from the original on 17 June 2023 785:Lucas, Katherine (19 June 2023). 646:from the original on 18 June 2023 592: 120:The name "Bazball" was coined by 1280:from the original on 9 July 2023 1151:from the original on 9 July 2023 797:from the original on 9 July 2023 616:from the original on 21 May 2023 290:Embracing mental freedom and fun 51:, the key figures behind Bazball 34: 25: 2432: 2402: 2372: 2342: 2312: 2282: 2252: 2222: 2192: 2162: 2132: 2102: 2072: 2042: 2012: 1982: 1952: 1913: 1883: 1853: 1823: 1793: 1763: 1745: 1715: 1685: 1655: 1625: 1594: 1564: 1533: 1502: 1472: 1442: 1412: 1382: 1352: 1322: 1292: 1253: 1223: 1193: 1163: 1131:Martin, Ali (10 January 2023). 1124: 1105: 1075: 1045: 1015: 985: 955: 925: 899: 869: 602:Baum, Greg (21 December 2022). 373: 250:to the development of Bazball. 1540:Brown, Oliver (16 June 2023). 1509:McKern, James (17 June 2023). 839: 809: 778: 748: 718: 688: 658: 628: 230:Former Australian fast bowler 60:is an informal term coined by 1: 2481:Cricket captaincy and tactics 585: 272:A less reflective environment 467: 278:A win-at-all-costs mentality 7: 505:2023 English cricket season 316:and a one-off Test against 68:2022 English cricket season 10: 2507: 580:England tour to India 2023 450:Former Australian captain 253: 110: 1390:"The new cricket mindset" 609:The Sydney Morning Herald 86:) as Test head coach and 161: 16:Style of cricketing play 528:Test cricket as a whole 265:considering the draw". 115: 1117:17 August 2023 at the 303:Impact on Test matches 205:2019 Cricket World Cup 178: 499:Domestic English game 287:Simplicity of message 166: 100:One Day International 2356:. 26 February 2023. 2200:"Welcome to BazBall" 494:Impact on wider game 72:England cricket team 2476:Cricket terminology 1835:The Daily Telegraph 1546:The Daily Telegraph 1424:The Daily Telegraph 1364:The Daily Telegraph 937:The Daily Telegraph 612:. 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