408:
388:
40:
376:
977:
992:
300:, which may have been truthful but are not found in the source Moll purported to have found it. For example, Moll writes that Bernlef "was a welcome guest on winter evenings far and wide by free commoners in the area", but Acquoy cites the original
243:, Bernlef's blindness was cured by Ludger. Some versions of the story relate that Bernlef doubted Ludger's Christian message by saying "If your God is so powerful, show me a sign." Thereafter, Ludger placed his hands on Bernlef's eyes and with a
352:
religious poem. Although none of his work has survived, some
Frisians consider him to be the first poet, though critics such as Coen Peppelenbos have criticized this notion, saying that "Friesland has wrongly hijacked him as the first poet".
407:
289:
disputed W. Moll's recounting of
Bernlef's life, stating that although Moll was "otherwise so precise a historian, unconsciously formed the legend of the Psalm-singing Bernlef". Acquoy points to several sections of the
387:
275:
and died in old age. On his deathbed, he comforted his wife by saying that they would not be separated for long if his prayers were answered and she died fifteen days later.
1027:
227:
and traveled during the winter months to sing songs where he was held in high esteem by listeners. Over time, Bernlef had become blind and his wife invited
279:
375:
414:
267:
who were in poor health and likely to die. Bernlef had eighteen children, only two of whom survived. Both of the surviving children were
439:
798:. Die Geschichtsquellen des Bisthums Münster (in Latin). Vol. 4. Münster: Druck und Verlag der Theissing'schen Buchhandlung.
907:
857:
324:. Acquoy also notes that Moll later reported that he had gotten the town Bernlef was from wrong; Bernlef was actually from
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824:
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284:
996:
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1037:
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263:, he charged Bernlef with continuing the evangelizing mission and the baptism of believers, particularly
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272:
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on his harp from Ludger, forgoing the bellicose poetry from his earlier days and evangelizing to the
114:
1047:
927:
841:
Literature of the Low
Countries: A Short History of Dutch Literature in the Netherlands and Belgium
200:('The Life Verse'). These works were compiled by monks from other copies of the story, except the
146:
94:
398:
312:
only writes that he was "loved intensely by the plain and the wealthy", which is copied by the
219:('Church History of the Netherlands before the Reformation'), Bernlef and his wife resided in
248:
816:
138:
839:
8:
1017:
982:
868:
357:
153:. Sometime around the turn of the 9th century, he was converted to Christianity by Saint
85:
and convert to
Christianity. During his life, he traveled through the coastal regions of
805:
754:
133:
Bernlef was born in the 8th century. During his life, he traveled the coast throughout
1052:
853:
820:
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774:
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573:
845:
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251:
to Ludger and was healed. After regaining his sight, Bernlef learned to play the
1032:
423:
419:
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Some of what has been written about
Bernlef is subject to debate. For example,
264:
207:
122:
67:
39:
849:
1006:
750:
394:
97:
and heroes. According to tradition, he was healed of his blindness by Saint
268:
175:
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306:, which only holds that he was held in high esteem by his neighbors. The
232:
167:
90:
758:
733:
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Bernlef (left) on the façade of a church holding his harp, sculpted by
236:
20:
682:
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142:
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361:
329:
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118:
174:, which is compiled with three other accounts written by monks at
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991:
908:"This Bible was printed partly in our dialect as early as 1478"
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260:
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110:
102:
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45:
462:
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106:
82:
653:
875:
Church
History of the Netherlands before the Reformation
629:
381:
A statue commemorating
Bernlef's healing by Henk Carlier
340:
Bernlef has been considered as a possible author of the
906:
686:
617:
482:
605:
271:
by Ludger. Bernlef held to his faith during the Saxon
160:
Much of what is known about
Bernlef's life comes from
145:, singing laudatory poems about the wars, heroes, and
665:
641:
560:
558:
556:
554:
972:
890:[The Eternal Boy: On the Death of Bernlef].
692:
926:
804:
732:
579:
551:
502:
870:Kerkgeschiedenis van Nederland vóór de Hervorming
704:
247:healed his blindness. Other versions say that he
216:Kerkgeschiedenis van Nederland vóór de Hervorming
1004:
259:. When Ludger was expelled from the area by the
231:into their home as he passed through Holwert to
109:instead. When Ludger was forced to leave by the
341:
802:
466:
1028:Converts to Christianity from pagan religions
534:For Bernlef's mention in Altfrid's work, see
481:For his travels along the Frisian coast, see
137:, between what is now the Dutch provinces of
888:"De eeuwige jongen. Bij de dood van Bernlef"
117:, he called on Bernlef to evangelize to the
48:on a horse, healing Bernlef of his blindness
811:(Third ed.). Oxford University Press.
739:Archief voor Nederlandsche Kerkgeschiedenis
319:
313:
307:
301:
291:
214:
201:
195:
189:
183:
161:
523:For Altfrid's relationship to Ludger, see
318:, and nothing of this is mentioned in the
239:in the south. Traditionally ascribed to a
38:
807:The Oxford companion to German literature
803:Garland, Henry B.; Garland, Mary (1997).
946:
772:
698:
597:
440:Christianization of the Germanic peoples
44:An early 20th-century painting of Saint
793:
524:
1005:
837:
737:[The Frisian Singer Bernlef].
727:
671:
659:
647:
542:
535:
528:
508:
489:
885:
710:
866:
844:(New ed.). The Hague: Nijhoff.
817:10.1093/acref/9780198158967.001.0001
635:
623:
611:
564:
493:
364:"J. Bernlef" after the blind bard.
773:Bruinsma, Ernst (6 February 2013).
176:the monastery established by Ludger
13:
14:
1064:
968:
488:For the topics of his songs, see
125:who were likely to die shortly.
990:
975:
886:Vlaar, Maria (31 October 2012).
777:[A Poet Without Words].
406:
386:
374:
166:('The Life of Saint Ludger'), a
101:who then taught him to play the
912:University of Groningen Library
934:(in Dutch). Erfgoed Gelderland
930:[Ludger and Bernlef].
794:Diekamp, Wilhelm, ed. (1881).
514:
472:
194:('The Life the Third '), and
1:
445:
734:"De Friesche Zanger Bernlef"
687:University of Groningen 2021
483:University of Groningen 2021
450:
401:depicting Bernlef and Ludger
128:
76:
7:
838:Meijer, Reinder P. (1978).
433:
332:, not Holwert near Dokkum.
296:where Moll appears to take
188:('The Life the Second '),
10:
1069:
775:"In dichter sûnder wurden"
720:
541:For all other claims, see
467:Garland & Garland 1997
367:
206:, which is partially from
18:
850:10.1007/978-94-009-9734-9
796:Die Vitae Sancti Liudgeri
335:
273:persecution of Christians
115:persecution of Christians
53:
37:
30:
19:Not to be confused with
948:"Het wonder geschiedde"
399:University of Groningen
342:
213:According to W. Moll's
157:. Bernlef died in 809.
16:Frisian bard (died 809)
892:De Groene Amsterdammer
320:
314:
308:
302:
292:
215:
202:
196:
190:
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170:by his relative Saint
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71:
1043:9th-century musicians
1038:8th-century musicians
163:Vita Sancti Liudigeri
999:at Wikimedia Commons
781:(in Western Frisian)
638:, pp. 180, 418.
626:, pp. 180, 371.
303:Vita Sancti Liudgeri
293:Vita Sancti Liudgeri
149:while he played his
983:Christianity portal
928:"Ludger en Bernlef"
662:, pp. 223–224.
614:, pp. 499–500.
358:Hendrik Jan Marsman
1013:8th-century births
877:] (in Dutch).
745:. Brill: 222–224.
581:Erfgoed Gelderland
265:baptizing children
249:confessed his sins
1023:Medieval Frisians
995:Media related to
867:Moll, W. (1864).
859:978-90-247-2100-9
527:, p. xv and
235:, hearing of his
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123:baptize infants
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956:. Retrieved
952:Visit Wadden
951:
936:. Retrieved
931:
916:. Retrieved
911:
896:. Retrieved
891:
874:
869:
840:
829:– via
806:
795:
783:. Retrieved
778:
762:. Retrieved
742:
741:(in Dutch).
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694:
667:
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643:
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599:Visit Wadden
598:
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538:, p. 1.
525:Diekamp 1881
516:
511:, p. 1.
504:
474:
355:
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309:Vita secunda
277:
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185:Vita secunda
159:
132:
63:
62:
25:
958:1 September
938:1 September
918:1 September
898:1 September
785:1 September
764:1 September
672:Acquoy 1887
660:Acquoy 1887
648:Acquoy 1887
543:Acquoy 1887
536:Meijer 1978
529:Acquoy 1887
509:Meijer 1978
490:Meijer 1978
418: [
415:Willem Valk
315:Vita tertia
283: [
233:proselytize
191:Vita tertia
168:hagiography
1018:809 deaths
1007:Categories
954:(in Dutch)
894:(in Dutch)
881:: Nijhoff.
711:Vlaar 2012
446:References
237:good works
89:, singing
79: 809
21:J. Bernlef
779:de Moanne
751:0166-9427
636:Moll 1864
624:Moll 1864
612:Moll 1864
565:Moll 1864
494:Moll 1864
451:Citations
360:used the
350:Old Saxon
326:Holwierde
269:confirmed
210:as well.
143:Friesland
139:Groningen
129:Biography
72:Bernlevus
1053:Harpists
759:43391512
731:(1887).
434:See also
362:pen name
330:Delfzijl
721:Sources
428:in 1940
368:Gallery
344:Heliand
241:miracle
221:Holwert
172:Altfrid
105:on his
64:Bernlef
32:Bernlef
879:Arnhem
856:
823:
757:
749:
336:Legacy
261:Saxons
253:Psalms
245:prayer
229:Ludger
225:Dokkum
182:: the
180:Werden
155:Ludger
135:Frisia
111:Saxons
103:Psalms
99:Ludger
93:about
87:Frisia
46:Ludger
1033:Bards
873:[
755:JSTOR
426:]
348:, an
328:near
287:]
223:near
91:epics
68:Latin
960:2024
940:2024
920:2024
900:2024
854:ISBN
821:ISBN
787:2024
766:2024
747:ISSN
583:2021
151:harp
141:and
121:and
107:harp
83:bard
54:Died
846:doi
813:doi
178:in
57:809
1009::
950:.
910:.
852:.
819:.
753:.
679:^
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459:^
424:ca
422:;
420:nl
393:A
285:de
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66:(
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