2162:
become scarab grubs and its leaves become butterflies. The butterflies soon evolve into insects that are born beneath the stove. They have the appearance of exuviae and are called "house crickets:" After a thousand days the house crickets become birds called "dried surplus bones." The spittle of the dried surplus bones becomes a misty spray and the misty spray becomes mother of vinegar. Midges are born from mother of vinegar; yellow whirligigs are born from fetid wine; blindgnats are born from putrid slimebugs. When goat's-queue couples with bamboo that has not shooted for a long time, they produce greenies. The greenies produce panthers; panthers produce horses; horses produce men; and men return to enter the wellsprings of nature . The myriad things all come out from the wellsprings and all reenter the wellsprings. (18)
2318:"Lord Lao". This text says Laozi "can make himself bright or dark, disappear and then be present, enlarge or diminish himself, coil up or extend himself, put himself above or below, can be vertical or horizontal, (and) can go forward or backward." In every generation, this Master of Emperors cosmically "transforms his own body" in order to teach humanity, through the incarnate power of the Dao, he assumes numerous identities, and leaves behind adapted writings with his teaching. The transformations of Laojun began with the first mythical ruler
2482:
3063:
4628:
1165:
2425:(16) says: "What is it that the arts of transformation cannot do? May I remind my readers that the human body, which is normally visible, can be made to disappear. Ghosts and gods are normally invisible, but there are ways and means to make them visible. Those capable of operating these methods and prescriptions will be found to abound wherever you go."
2161:
In seeds there are germs . When they are found in water they become filaments. When they are found at the border of water and land they become algae. When they germinate in elevated places they become plantain. When the plantain is found in fertile soil it becomes crow's foot. The crow's foot's roots
2452:
explains that: "The saint responds to all things, but his essence is distinct from them. Therefore, since his transcendent root is immobile, he is called the "true body" and since he propagates the form of the Law, he is called the "responsive body" . This text further contrasts the True Body with
2409:
could be in several dozen places at once (18): "When guests were present there could be one host speaking with the guests in the house, another host greeting guests beside the stream, and still another host making casts with his fishing line, but the guests were unable to distinguish which was the
2191:
Ziqiu had lived for fifty-four years when an injury made him hunchbacked. The arch of his spine was higher than his forehead; his chin pressed down on his chest; his two buttocks were on top; his rectum pointed to the sky. He crawled over to peer at himself in a well: "Amazing! That which fashions
2148:
Once upon a time Chuang Chou dreamed that he was a butterfly, a butterfly flitting about happily enjoying himself. He didn't know that he was Chou. Suddenly he awoke and was palpably Chou. He did not know whether he was Chou who had dreamed of being a butterfly or a butterfly dreaming that he was
2124:
In the darkness of the
Northern Ocean, there is a fish named K'un. The K'un is so big that no one knows how many thousands of tricents its body extends. After it metamorphoses into a bird, its name becomes P'eng. The P'eng is so huge that no one knows how many thousands of tricents its back
2111:
Spring and summer precede, autumn and winter come after—such is the sequence of the four seasons. The myriad things evolve and develop; even twisted little shoots have their own special shapes—such are the gradations of fullness and decline, the flow of transformation and evolution . (13)
992:: "'Alternation' refers to afterwards changing from a former state, it has gradually changed. This is called 'alteration'. 'Transformation' refers to existence in one moment and absence of existence in the next, it has suddenly changed. This is called 'transformation'."
3443:– "When moved, it is change; when changed, it is transformed " – "When changed, its old conventions have already been altered, but there still are traces. When transformed, they have completely vanished and transformed, and there are no longer any traces."
900:
has very diverse meanings, from basic "change and transformation" to "universal life" or "creation", even referring to the Daoist "science of metamorphosis" and generically "supernatural powers obtained by either magical practices or meditation exercises".
3395:"Commentary on the Appended Phrases", "That which transforms things and fits them together is called change ; that which stimulates them and sets them in motion is called continuity", with a lunar analogy: " from the first day to the thirtieth day is
2440:
Daoists elaborated the
Buddhist doctrine about a Buddha's "three bodies" (see below) into a theory that the True Body of the Dao, the Supreme Truth, assumes different metaphoric "bodies" in order to manifest as specific deities, including those in the
880:
in the earlier literature. By contrast, a change that involves the realignment of constituent parts in a dynamic system (and that may be or is regularly reversed), such as that from day to night and back again, would be considered an instance of
801:
tends to mean sudden and profound transmutation or alteration (as in a rapid chemical reaction)—but there is no very strict frontier between the words. could be used of weather changes, insect metamorphosis, or slow personality transformations;
2244:
If a prince is not grave, then he is not honoured. If asceticism is not taken seriously, then the spirits are lost. The blossoms and leaves of the herbs and trees are light, therefore they are perishable. The root is heavy, therefore it is
1010:
The holy sages were able to survey all the confused diversities under heaven. They observed forms and phenomena and made representations of things and their attributes ... Through observation and discussion they perfected the changes and
876:, "transformation", in implying alternation or variation rather than fundamental and lasting change. The change from a caterpillar to a butterfly, for example, which is both substantive and irreversible, is a frequently cited instance of
2372:
Isabelle
Robinet notes that "the powers of metamorphosis had always been a key characteristic of the immortals, but these powers came to be even more central in Shangqing where they were synonymous with deliverance and salvation."
2253:
If a prince is not quiet, then he loses his dignity. If the ascetic is not quiet, then he endangers himself. The dragon is quiet, therefore he is able to transform . The tiger is restless, therefore he strives for heavenly
2200:
describes transformations in nature: "Now the frog becomes a quail, the water scorpion becomes the dragonfly. These give rise to what is not their own kind. Only the sage understands their transformations." To know the
546:"juggle; perform tricks of illusion; change", and noted that the Chinese and Tibetan Buddhists chose these words to translate the Sanskrit technical vocabulary meaning "change; illusory transformation", such as, both
841:
for this distinction is in the ...: "The exemplary man () changes () in accordance with the times without transforming " ... This in turn permits us to understand the passage in the ...: "When the beings take rise
976:
The way of the
Creative works through change and transformation, so that each thing receives its true nature and destiny and comes into permanent accord with the Great Harmony; this is what furthers and what
2086:(metamorphosis, or "change and transformation"), "that the certainty that the world is in flux leaves open the possibility that things may transform from one type to another", can be traced from the
2385:
magicians. The Daoist adept practices metamorphosis both internally through meditation on colored breaths and gods within the body, and externally using magic to change the appearances of things.
2368:(Scripture of the Divine Continent on the Dance in Heaven in Seven Revolutions and Seven Transformations; CT 1331) describes methods for transforming into clouds, light, fire; water, and dragons.
2357:
Like Laozi, the diverse spirits of the
Shangqing tradition are able to transform themselves, and the adept had to be able to identify their different manifestations. Adepts, in turn, might use
3335:
to mean "strange" in the sense of "transformation from nothing to something; magically creative power to conjure". The early "strange incident; supernatural transformation" sense of
2107:"transformation and metamorphosis". The word occurs five times (all in the Outer Chapters), referring to the ability of things to change from one category to another. For instance,
427:; "change, esp. in form or character', 'variation', 'transformation', 'metamorphosis', 'reincarnation" is categorized as a "synonymic compound" whose parts are
837:
denotes a fundamental and essential change—a transformation. However, sometimes one also encounters the word , denoting external, momentary, or apparent change. A
3373:, which scholars and officials from the 12th to 19th centuries considered to be canonical, differentiated between two types of "change": sudden, transformational
3173:निर्माण as "measuring, measure, reach, extent", "forming, making, creating", "(Buddhist literature) transformation", "essence, essential/best part of anything" (
2192:
and transforms us! How has it turned me into this crumpled thing?" This shows that from his viewpoint, alterations and transformation are the same. (7)
3426:). from yin to yang naturally grows to become sudden. This is called change. From yang to yin, it gradually goes on vanishing and wearing out."
4681:
2544:
1296:
2349:
applies to human beings in the same way it does to the natural world, and later Daoism that stressed the potential for the adept to harness
639:
1919:
937:"Explanation" chapter elucidates "The Way is the means by which the self is transformed so a person will adhere to correct principles."
806:
may refer to the transition points in dissolving, liquefying, melting, etc., and to profound decay. tends to be associated with form (
4407:
692:
586:
means "change, transform, convert; melt; dissolve, thaw; digest, remove; burn up, incinerate; disguise; die, pass away". Some common
1017:
Heaven creates divine things; the holy sage takes them as models. Heaven and earth change and transform; the holy sage imitates them.
3766:
Academia Sinica: Bulletin of the
Institute of History and Philology (Studies Presented to Yuen Ren Chao on His Sixty-Fifth Birthday)
3331:
referred to "change (from one state to another)", through which one thing becomes another thing. The post-Buddhist concept extended
225:
4308:
A Sanskrit-English
Dictionary: Etymologically and Philologically Arranged with Special Reference to Cognate Indo-European languages
3399:(transformation). Having reached this thirtieth day, concluded and made one month, the next day belongs to the next month. This is
5288:
4435:
797:
is perhaps more uncertain . In modern
Chinese usage, tends to signify gradual change, transformation or metamorphosis; while
389:
describing things transforming from one type to another, such as from a caterpillar to a butterfly. Buddhist translators used
3141:) The transformation of myriad forms in manifesting appearances, especially the mutation of buddhas and bodhisattvas, e.g.
5245:
3239:संभोगकाय) "reward-body; bliss-body". Contexts describing Buddhas manifesting as animals and humans use the related terms
2011:
502:"to transform' change", e.g., from a fish into a bird; people through education; raw food through cooking", cognate with
3323:
before and after the (c. 2nd-3rd century) introduction of
Buddhism, when it started being used as to translate Sanskrit
4918:
3779:
3093:
2539:
2496:
2149:
Chou. Now, there must be a difference between Chou and the butterfly. This is called the transformation of things. (2)
1624:
3670:
4020:
3852:
3838:
3793:
3694:
3622:
3591:
T'ang
Transformation Texts: A Study of the Buddhist Contribution to the Rise of Vernacular Fiction and Drama in China
1939:
933:"Conditions and Circumstances" chapter says "The Way brings about the transformation of the self", the corresponding
2069:
5013:
1732:
1069:"A god, Buddha, spirit, etc. that temporarily appearing in human form, or such a thing. Avatar. Reincarnation" (
5138:
3785:
3594:
3500:
3125:
2345:
Mark Csikszentmihalyi distinguishes between early Daoist discussions that tended to emphasize the way in which
1924:
273:
36:
5283:
5128:
4893:
3022:
2717:
1914:
1609:
52:
5133:
3704:
3149:
the land where they dwell, whether the Pure Land or any impure world where they live for its enlightenment.
2967:
2742:
2702:
2141:
1909:
1641:
1014:
The Master said: Whoever knows the tao of the changes and transformations, knows the action of the gods".
4517:
4428:
3641:
3155:
The mind that discriminates all objects as having inherent existence (sixth and seventh consciousnesses).
1239:
954:
describing the manifestation of everything in heaven and on earth. All occur in the (c. 3rd century BCE)
5293:
4395:
A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms: with Sanskrit and English Equivalents and a Sanskrit-Pali Index
3844:
3716:
3513:
3450:
2453:
the "transformation body" and the "trace body" , in the sense that all teachings are traces of Truth.
2031:
853:(transformation); when the beings have reached their full development ... , this is called (change).
141:
3286:
compounds for Sanskrit words dealing with supernatural manifestations. This semantic complex includes
5213:
3614:
2842:
2279:
This means: The valley-streams acquired unity. Therefore they may be filled without ceasing to exist.
2036:
1969:
162:
2652:
4898:
3539:
2847:
2797:
1599:
1346:
414:
822:
as implying inward change with full or partial conservation of the external Gestalt or form, and
4935:
4903:
4866:
4701:
4687:
3007:
2230:
1604:
1572:
1411:
1314:
1302:
565:
2271:
This means: The spirits acquired unity. Thereby they are able to change and to become formless.
4993:
4609:
4421:
3162:
3086:
2822:
2807:
2787:
2712:
2707:
2622:
2529:
2312:
1709:
1404:
1351:
532:
439:
3327:
meaning "discontinuity or break with reality (illusion)". The pre-Buddhist concept of Chinese
4614:
3027:
3017:
2972:
1356:
1054:
287:
3632:
Robinet, Isabelle (August 1979). "Metamorphosis and Deliverance from the Corpse in Taoism".
3439:
3037:
2997:
2992:
2957:
2802:
2682:
2590:
2575:
2519:
2491:
2062:
1873:
683:
said that it meant 'to bring into order', as in spinning or reeling". The modern character
349:
4831:
2292:"Scripture of the Transformations of Laozi", which is preserved in a fragmentary (612 CE)
8:
3476:
3047:
3002:
2940:
2880:
2817:
2762:
2757:
2512:
2501:
2293:
2125:
stretches. Rousing itself to flight, its wings are like clouds suspended in the sky. (1)
5260:
5240:
5230:
5181:
5123:
4659:
4479:
4306:
3653:
3569:
3508:
3407:
3032:
3012:
2952:
2947:
2835:
2737:
2730:
2657:
2647:
2554:
2006:
1996:
1986:
1893:
1858:
1291:
1220:
958:
commentaries, and none in the (c. 7th century BCE) core hexagram and line statements.
4881:
4676:
4488:
4452:
4016:
4008:
3848:
3789:
3690:
3657:
3618:
3079:
2977:
2962:
2767:
2642:
2585:
2549:
2534:
2465:
1587:
1361:
1213:
1195:
1179:
1174:
628:
518:
481:
120:
4930:
5218:
5172:
5155:
4461:
3645:
3561:
3531:
3487:
3370:
3158:
The third of the four kinds of reality-bodies of the Buddha, according to Yogâcāra.
3042:
2987:
2917:
2907:
2772:
2093:
1974:
1883:
1868:
1022:
679:; "The meaning of the drawing is uncertain, but it contains two hanks of silk, and
540:
525:
382:
85:
3611:
The Huainanzi: A Guide to the Theory and Practice of Government in Early Han China
5177:
4908:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4757:
3751:
3152:
To transform, change, change into, become. To manifest through supernormal power.
3067:
2982:
2782:
2692:
2637:
2088:
2055:
1888:
1659:
1614:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1538:
1461:
1148:
946:
869:
state, or vice versa) or of variation within defined parameters. It differs from
3422:
is from a yin to a yang . changes suddenly. Therefore, it is called "change" (
3133:
as basically meaning "transformation of things", and distinguishes four senses:
2632:
2225:(lit. "Riverbank Elder") uses the word twice, explaining the transformations of
1103:
435:
317:
255:
59:
43:
5255:
5208:
5160:
5110:
5083:
5073:
5053:
4923:
4287:
3833:
3261:निर्माण क्षेत्र) "transformation land where the inhabitants reincarnate", and *
3120:
2927:
2857:
2812:
2670:
2327:
2323:
2226:
1964:
1878:
1846:
1813:
1800:
1780:
1629:
896:"transfiguration and transformation" as a basic Chinese philosophical concept.
889:
775:
377:, meaning 'transformation' or 'metamorphosis', was a keyword developed in both
204:
197:
106:
778:
notes, "the exact meaning of which are sometimes difficult to differentiate".
5277:
5235:
5225:
5118:
5088:
4978:
4876:
4859:
4839:
4806:
4716:
4627:
4555:
3613:. Translated by Major, John S.; Queen, Sarah; Meyer, Andrew; Roth, Harold D.
3465:
3362:
3345:
2752:
2747:
2687:
2396:
2041:
1991:
1981:
1853:
1818:
1694:
1582:
1565:
1545:
1510:
1277:
911:
814:
with matter (). When a snowman melts, the form changes () as the snow melts (
718:
714:
676:
514:
474:
155:
3224:
2892:
2697:
1132:
1114:"A change from one nature, state, etc. to another, or, such changeability" (
5165:
5068:
5063:
5048:
4968:
4871:
4792:
4750:
4564:
4533:
4495:
3535:
3415:
3411:
3340:
2792:
2677:
2595:
2481:
2437:
2219:
1795:
1790:
1772:
1684:
1577:
1496:
1454:
1393:
1254:
1226:
1206:
742:
673:
92:
3869:
The Theoretical Foundations of Chinese Medicine: Systems of Correspondence
2353:, particularly in the eschatological picture of the Shangqing tradition.
579:
means "change; become, change into; transform; perform (magic/etc.)"; and
5143:
5038:
5033:
4958:
4785:
4778:
4710:
4593:
3764:
Simon, Walter (1957), "Two Final Consonant Clusters in Archaic Tibetan",
3708:
3517:
2862:
2428:
Several centuries after Chinese Buddhists borrowed the Daoist meaning of
2297:
1929:
1762:
1757:
1671:
1482:
1475:
1399:
1059:
981:
459:
218:
3552:
Erkes, Eduard (1945). "Ho-Shang-Kung's Commentary on Lao-tse (part I)".
5250:
5192:
5043:
5023:
4973:
4913:
4723:
3573:
2867:
2627:
2524:
2001:
1944:
1767:
1747:
1742:
1689:
1619:
1416:
1322:
861:
has the sense of alteration among states of being (for example, from a
826:
as fundamental change in which the outward appearance is also altered.
707:
643:
134:
3211:
710:
703:
699:
665:
661:
657:
650:
646:
624:(with "1000" and "10,000") "ever-changing (esp. tides and fortunes)".
583:
576:
572:
452:
445:
5078:
5058:
5018:
4988:
4963:
4799:
4771:
4511:
3686:
3389:
2912:
2887:
2210:
2171:
1805:
1785:
1737:
1704:
1676:
1503:
1468:
955:
696:
176:
4202:, 2 vols., Kyōto daigaku Jinbun kagaku kenkyūjo, 1989-1991, 2: 3-43.
3565:
2140:"transformation of things" ten times, most famously in the story of
5187:
5093:
3649:
3603:
Wandering on the Way: Early Taoist Tales and Parables of Chuang Tzu
3403:(change)." This "change" distinction also applied to lines in the
2922:
2902:
2897:
2777:
2473:
1901:
1823:
1646:
428:
326:
183:
998:
occurs most often (8 times) in the Appended Judgments Commentary (
5150:
5098:
5028:
5008:
4998:
4820:
4813:
4603:
4194:
Sivin, Nathan (1991), "Change and Continuity in Early Cosmology:
3272:उपपादुका) "birth by transformation; miraculous materialization".
2602:
2406:
2401:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2339:
2157:
passage explains change in the sense of evolutionary continuity.
1863:
1832:
1752:
1724:
1714:
1636:
1524:
1517:
1447:
1285:
680:
617:(with "changeable") "constantly changing; unending changes", and
588:
209:
3896:
Chan, Wing-Tsit (1952), "Basic Chinese Philosophical Concepts",
2276:
The valley-streams acquired unity. Thereby they are filled out.
1058:(2001) notes both pronunciations were first recorded during the
732:
Chinese has a rich lexicon of words meaning "change", including
5003:
4983:
4667:
4651:
4643:
4574:
4444:
4311:, revised by E. Leumann, C. Cappeller, et al., Clarendon Press.
4292:
3530:"Book of Transformations", a 10th-century Daoist classic about
3523:
3366:
3062:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2570:
2395:
explains these extraordinary powers of Daoists. Describing the
2166:
1719:
1699:
1428:
1386:
1377:
1370:
1262:
1156:
1035:
729:"person" upside-down, depicting "a person who flips, changes".
378:
248:
3202:) "transformation-body; manifested-body" refers to one of the
2120:
text begins with a parable about interspecific metamorphosis.
4953:
4886:
4764:
4584:
4502:
3679:
Alchemy, Medicine and Religion in the China of A.D. 320: The
3507:"transformation texts", an early vernacular literary form in
3117:"transformation; supernatural manifestation; reincarnation".
2852:
2319:
2305:
1666:
1592:
1489:
1270:
1233:
1048:
310:
2268:
The spirits acquired unity. Thereby they are magic-endowed.
4729:
4211:
Robinet, Isabelle (2000), "Shangqing: Highest Clarity", in
1920:
Way of the Celestial Masters#The Southern Celestial Masters
1422:
4470:
4413:
3878:
3667:
Taoist Meditation: The Mao-Shan Tradition of Great Purity
2179:
17 times. For instance, this hunchback story about Ziqiu
1200:
1164:
230:
188:
146:
4694:
4218:
4185:, ed. by Fabrizio Pregadio, Routledge, 617-619. p. 617.
4181:老子變化經 "Scripture of the Transformations of Laozi"", in
3998:
3996:
3453:
word, as evident in Chinese technical neoloigisms like
3319:
Victor Mair traced the historical semantics of Chinese
1308:
4120:
3903:
400:
394:
354:
4269:
3297:विकुर्वणा "manifestation through transformation" and
3177:), and "unconformity, impropriety, unbecomingness" (
125:
111:
97:
4326:
3993:
3861:
3743:
3312:"supernatural/miraculous powers; magical feats" and
2436:"manifest through transformation; incarnate", early
1006:). Three contexts mention the work of divine sages.
405:'transformation body' of a Buddha's reincarnations.
292:
278:
3941:
3605:. Translated by Mair, Victor H. Bantam Books. 1994.
2405:"divide/multiply the body", Ge Hong says his uncle
2218:, its (c. 2nd century CE) commentary attributed to
610:(with "unmeasurable") "changeable; unpredictable",
167:
4393:Soothill, William Edward and Lewis Hodous (1937),
4314:
4299:
4215:, ed. by Livia Kohn, E. J. Brill, 196-224. p. 219.
3771:
3437:distinction to explain a difficult passage in the
2304:to describe the many historical reincarnations of
2205:of things is the hallmark of spiritual knowledge.
3802:
3353:" transformation" to describe strange incidents.
5275:
4002:
3915:
3828:
3826:
2338:), and ended with a 155 CE manifestation in the
968:"The Creative", the Commentary on the Decision (
399:'manifest through transformations', such as the
4388:Yin-Yang and the Nature of Correlative Thinking
4205:
3949:A Companion to Yi Jing Numerology and Cosmology
3349:"Pearl Grove in the Garden of the Dharma" used
4281:
331:
315:
4429:
4345:
3987:
3974:
3961:
3935:
3823:
3703:
3583:The Natural Philosophy of Chu Hsi (1130-1200)
3087:
2187:(6) description of Ziyu 子輿 "Master Chariot".
2063:
789:is multifaceted. Compare these explanations.
57:
41:
4171:
4015:. Two volumes. Routledge. pp. 229–230.
3890:
3781:ABC Chinese-English Comprehensive Dictionary
2361:to transform themselves. The Shangqing text
2334:"Master Broadly Complete" (mentioned in the
818:) to water. In the Sung dynasty, explained
531:"to shift; move". Walter Simon proposed the
253:
4196:The Great Commentary to the Book of Changes
4114:
4101:
3884:
3755:, University of Hawaii Press. pp. 166, 222.
3730:
3609:
3215:) "three bodies " doctrine, along with the
2417:"invisibility" is another manifestation of
4460:
4436:
4422:
3752:ABC Etymological Dictionary of Old Chinese
3740:, University of Califoprnia Press. p. 375.
3282:, Buddhist translators used other Chinese
3094:
3080:
2233:. The text and commentary for Section 26 (
2070:
2056:
756:"go/come back; give back; return; repay",
653:at the bottom with the phonetic indicator
4188:
3841:, Volume 2, History of Scientific Thought
3777:
3384:For instance, Zhu explained an ambiguous
3106:Early Buddhist translators chose Chinese
642:, combining the semantically significant
491:"juggle; appear; change; transform"; and
4198:", in Yamada Keiji and Tanaka Tan, eds.
3758:
2379:was employed by both Daoist mystics and
4390:, Institute of East Asian Philosophies.
4275:
4263:
4224:
4165:
4126:
3909:
3832:
3664:
3631:
926:"Mind Techniques" chapters). Where the
749:"turn over; return; counter; oppose",
5276:
4007:變化 metamorphosis; transformation". In
513:"to move; act; change", with possible
4417:
4152:
4139:
3551:
3516:, an album by the Singaporean singer
3293:(with "appearance") translating both
3250:) "magically manifested human body",
2103:was the first Daoist text to explain
4332:
4320:
4250:
4237:
4088:
4075:
4062:
4049:
4036:
3925:, Princeton University Press. p. 82.
3872:
3808:
3677:
3601:
3589:
3410:, which are either unbroken, solid
2142:Zhuangzi dreaming he was a butterfly
781:Semantically distinguishing between
774:"shift; adapt; modify; adjust"; and
4371:
4358:
3921:Tr. Rickett, W. Allyn, tr. (1998),
3580:
3343:period, for instance, the (c. 668)
2363:Shenzhou qizhuan qibian wutian jing
2250:Quietness is the master of motion.
2012:Taoist Temple (Hanford, California)
592:"four-character idioms" based upon
13:
4919:Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors
4380:
2545:Decline in the Indian subcontinent
2540:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
2456:
2241:Gravity is the root of lightness.
1625:Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors
909:The (c. 4th century) encyclopedic
793:The exact difference between and
725:, the right side was originally a
713:on the right. However, in earlier
603:(with "many kinds") "changeable",
535:etymological link between Chinese
14:
5305:
4401:
3839:Science and Civilisation in China
3585:. American Philosophical Society.
3316:"manifestation; transformation".
3308:(with "god; divine") translating
3228:) "dharma-body; truth-body", and
1940:Chinese ritual mastery traditions
462:etymologies, Axel Schuessler has
4626:
4305:Monier-Williams, Monier (1899),
4003:Csikszentmihalyi, Mark (2008). "
3593:. Translated by Mair, Victor H.
3339:became popular during the early
3061:
2480:
2445:. The (late 8th century) Daoist
2183:"Master Seek", adapted from the
1163:
1139:
984:'s sub-commentary distinguishes
16:Taoist concept of transformation
5014:Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove
4364:
4351:
4338:
4256:
4243:
4230:
4158:
4145:
4132:
4107:
4094:
4081:
4068:
4055:
4042:
4029:
3980:
3967:
3954:
3928:
3685:. Translated by Ware, James R.
3642:The University of Chicago Press
3356:
3113:as the equivalent for Sanskrit
1733:Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove
904:
231:
210:
189:
168:
147:
5289:Concepts in Chinese philosophy
4293:Digital Dictionary of Buddhism
3871:, MIT Press, p. 44; quoted by
3814:
3713:The I Ching or Book of Changes
3595:Harvard University Asia Center
3501:Bianwen (transformation texts)
3301:प्रातिहार्य "miraculous", and
3126:Digital Dictionary of Buddhism
2133:uses the closely related word
2026:Institutions and organizations
1925:The Northern Celestial Masters
423:
408:
355:
293:
279:
126:
112:
98:
58:
42:
1:
5129:Way of the Five Pecks of Rice
4894:Three Great Emperor-Officials
3778:DeFrancis, John, ed. (2003).
3545:
1915:Way of the Five Pecks of Rice
1610:Three Great Emperor-Officials
71:transformation; metamorphosis
5134:Way of the Celestial Masters
3947:From Nielsen, Brent (2013),
2743:Buddhist Paths to liberation
1910:Way of the Celestial Masters
668:"silk threads") at the top.
7:
4200:Chūgoku kodai kagakushi ron
3786:University of Hawai'i Press
3738:A Grammar of Spoken Chinese
3493:
3167:Sanskrit-English Dictionary
401:
395:
10:
5310:
5139:Northern Celestial Masters
4443:
4183:The Encyclopedia of Taoism
4013:The Encyclopedia of Taoism
3845:Cambridge University Press
3717:Princeton University Press
3665:Robinet, Isabelle (1993).
3377:and gradual, evolutionary
3369:'s interpretations of the
2032:Chinese Taoist Association
455:"difficult; troublesome".
5214:Sacred Mountains of China
5201:
5109:
4946:
4830:
4742:
4635:
4624:
4554:
4451:
4386:Graham, Angus C. (1993),
4346:Wilhelm & Baynes 1967
3988:Wilhelm & Baynes 1967
3975:Wilhelm & Baynes 1967
3962:Wilhelm & Baynes 1967
3936:Wilhelm & Baynes 1967
3867:Porkert, Manfred (1978),
3749:Schuessler, Axel (2007),
3615:Columbia University Press
3527:
3504:
3483:
3472:
3461:
3451:linguistically productive
3392:
3305:
3290:
3279:
3265:
3254:
3243:
3232:
3219:
3206:
3195:
3188:
3184:The common Buddhist term
3146:
3142:
3110:
2449:
2414:
2365:
2331:
2315:
2308:
2289:
2261:
2234:
2222:
2180:
2137:
2099:The (c. 3rd century BCE)
1970:Sacred Mountains of China
1347:Three Treasures (virtues)
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1043:
1039:reading) or the Buddhist
1026:
1003:
999:
969:
965:
934:
930:
923:
873:
846:
834:
771:
760:
753:
746:
726:
722:
684:
631:
621:
614:
607:
600:
554:
510:
499:
480:"to change" and perhaps
473:"to change" cognate with
466:
448:"difficult; arduous" and
418:
417:of the Chinese language,
366:
348:
343:
339:
332:
325:
316:
309:
304:
286:
272:
267:
263:
254:
247:
242:
224:
217:
203:
196:
182:
175:
161:
154:
140:
133:
119:
105:
91:
84:
79:
75:
67:
51:
35:
30:
26:
21:
4899:Queen Mother of the West
3898:Philosophy East and West
3820:Wenlin dictionary, 2012.
3540:spiritual transformation
2330:'s teacher Guangzhengzi
2285:The (c. 2nd century CE)
1600:Queen Mother of the West
539:"change; transform" and
37:Traditional Chinese
4904:King Father of the East
2763:Philosophical reasoning
1605:King Father of the East
1573:Four heavenly ministers
1002:) or Great Commentary (
566:Modern Standard Chinese
561:"transformation body".
53:Simplified Chinese
3736:Chao Yuen Ren (1968),
3581:Kim, Yung Sik (2000).
3414:lines or broken, open
3163:Monier Monier-Williams
2530:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
2370:
2194:
2164:
2151:
2127:
2114:
887:
855:
828:
672:was first recorded on
640:radical-phonetic graph
517:etymological links to
4177:Kohn, Livia (2008), "
3900:2.2: 166-170. p. 166.
3388:statement within the
2798:Aids to Enlightenment
2623:Dependent Origination
2355:
2189:
2159:
2146:
2122:
2109:
1075:天人などが仮に人間の姿になって現われること
1055:Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
1033:"change (state)" (in
856:
849:...), this is called
829:
791:
5284:Buddhist terminology
3951:, Routledge. p. 115.
3788:. pp. 40, 374.
3634:History of Religions
3440:Doctrine of the Mean
2768:Devotional practices
2591:Noble Eightfold Path
1874:Way of the Li Family
763:"change" (as in the
697:the "person" radical
664:"words" between two
274:Revised Romanization
226:Baxter–Sagart (2014)
4663:(self-cultivation)
3477:inflective language
3145:becoming men; also
3068:Buddhism portal
2941:Buddhism by country
2703:Sanskrit literature
2294:Dunhuang manuscript
2082:The Daoist idea of
691:is classified as a
638:is classified as a
4655:(external alchemy)
4647:(internal alchemy)
4179:Laozi bianhua jing
4009:Pregadio, Fabrizio
3509:Chinese literature
3449:continues to be a
2555:Buddhist modernism
2296:discovered in the
2287:Laozi bianhua jing
2214:text does not use
2007:Cebu Taoist Temple
1997:White Cloud Temple
1859:Way of the Taiping
1120:状態などが他の性質や状態に変わること
1029:can be pronounced
919:5 times (3 in the
693:compound-ideograph
438:"difficult; hard"
5294:Taoist philosophy
5271:
5270:
4882:Tianhuang Emperor
4622:
4621:
4544:
4543:
4253:, pp. 262–3.
4142:, pp. 170–1.
4078:, pp. 172–3.
3104:
3103:
2586:Four Noble Truths
2443:Laozi bianhuajing
2399:technique called
2080:
2079:
2037:Celestial Masters
1588:Tianhuang Emperor
1196:Taoist philosophy
950:has 12 usages of
629:Chinese character
370:
369:
362:
361:
300:
299:
288:McCune–Reischauer
238:
237:
86:Standard Mandarin
5301:
5219:Wudang Mountains
4630:
4552:
4551:
4529:(transformation)
4506:(eight trigrams)
4458:
4457:
4438:
4431:
4424:
4415:
4414:
4375:
4368:
4362:
4355:
4349:
4342:
4336:
4335:, pp. 43–5.
4330:
4324:
4318:
4312:
4303:
4297:
4285:
4279:
4273:
4267:
4260:
4254:
4247:
4241:
4234:
4228:
4227:, pp. 43–6.
4222:
4216:
4209:
4203:
4192:
4186:
4175:
4169:
4162:
4156:
4149:
4143:
4136:
4130:
4124:
4118:
4115:Major et al 2010
4111:
4105:
4102:Major et al 2010
4098:
4092:
4085:
4079:
4072:
4066:
4059:
4053:
4046:
4040:
4033:
4027:
4026:
4000:
3991:
3984:
3978:
3971:
3965:
3958:
3952:
3945:
3939:
3932:
3926:
3919:
3913:
3907:
3901:
3894:
3888:
3885:Major et al 2010
3882:
3876:
3865:
3859:
3858:
3830:
3821:
3818:
3812:
3806:
3800:
3799:
3775:
3769:
3762:
3756:
3747:
3741:
3734:
3720:
3715:(3rd ed.).
3705:Wilhelm, Richard
3700:
3674:
3661:
3628:
3606:
3598:
3586:
3577:
3560:(2/4): 121–196.
3532:internal alchemy
3529:
3506:
3488:change blindness
3485:
3474:
3463:
3429:Zhu Xi used the
3394:
3371:Chinese classics
3307:
3292:
3281:
3267:
3256:
3245:
3234:
3221:
3208:
3197:
3190:
3148:
3144:
3112:
3096:
3089:
3082:
3066:
3065:
2793:Sublime abidings
2484:
2461:
2460:
2451:
2416:
2367:
2333:
2317:
2310:
2291:
2263:
2236:
2224:
2182:
2169:'s (c. 139 BCE)
2139:
2094:Shangqing School
2072:
2065:
2058:
1975:Wudang Mountains
1884:Chongxuan School
1869:Shangqing School
1412:Sexual practices
1167:
1144:
1143:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1045:
1028:
1023:written Japanese
1005:
1001:
971:
967:
936:
932:
925:
875:
848:
836:
773:
762:
755:
748:
728:
724:
706:on the left and
686:
644:"strike" radical
633:
623:
616:
609:
602:
556:
541:Tibetan language
512:
501:
468:
425:
420:
404:
398:
383:Chinese Buddhism
358:
357:
341:
340:
335:
334:
321:
320:
296:
295:
282:
281:
265:
264:
259:
258:
234:
233:
213:
212:
192:
191:
171:
170:
150:
149:
129:
128:
115:
114:
101:
100:
77:
76:
63:
62:
47:
46:
19:
18:
5309:
5308:
5304:
5303:
5302:
5300:
5299:
5298:
5274:
5273:
5272:
5267:
5197:
5105:
4942:
4909:Eight Immortals
4867:Four Sovereigns
4855:Lingbao Tianzun
4850:Yuanshi Tianzun
4845:Three Pure Ones
4826:
4738:
4682:Three Treasures
4631:
4618:
4550:
4540:
4447:
4442:
4404:
4383:
4381:Further reading
4378:
4369:
4365:
4356:
4352:
4343:
4339:
4331:
4327:
4319:
4315:
4304:
4300:
4288:Muller, Charles
4286:
4282:
4274:
4270:
4261:
4257:
4248:
4244:
4235:
4231:
4223:
4219:
4213:Daoism Handbook
4210:
4206:
4193:
4189:
4176:
4172:
4163:
4159:
4150:
4146:
4137:
4133:
4125:
4121:
4112:
4108:
4099:
4095:
4086:
4082:
4073:
4069:
4060:
4056:
4047:
4043:
4034:
4030:
4023:
4001:
3994:
3985:
3981:
3972:
3968:
3959:
3955:
3946:
3942:
3933:
3929:
3920:
3916:
3908:
3904:
3895:
3891:
3883:
3879:
3866:
3862:
3855:
3834:Needham, Joseph
3831:
3824:
3819:
3815:
3807:
3803:
3796:
3776:
3772:
3763:
3759:
3748:
3744:
3735:
3731:
3697:
3625:
3566:10.2307/3248186
3548:
3496:
3359:
3100:
3060:
3053:
3052:
2943:
2933:
2932:
2883:
2873:
2872:
2838:
2828:
2827:
2733:
2723:
2722:
2693:Mahayana Sutras
2673:
2663:
2662:
2603:Five Aggregates
2581:
2580:
2560:
2559:
2550:Later Buddhists
2515:
2459:
2457:Buddhist usages
2389:'s (c. 320 CE)
2076:
2047:
2046:
2027:
2019:
2018:
1960:
1952:
1951:
1936:
1906:
1889:Quanzhen School
1849:
1839:
1838:
1828:
1810:
1777:
1729:
1681:
1662:
1652:
1651:
1615:Eight Immortals
1561:Lingbao Tianzun
1556:Yuanshi Tianzun
1551:Three Pure Ones
1541:
1531:
1530:
1442:
1434:
1433:
1342:
1334:
1333:
1297:Three Treasures
1191:
1142:
1101:).; c. 810-824
1046:"incarnation" (
961:For hexagram 1
947:Book of Changes
907:
839:locus classicus
708:"spoon" radical
524:"to change" or
482:Written Tibetan
411:
385:. Daoists used
350:Revised Hepburn
68:Literal meaning
17:
12:
11:
5:
5307:
5297:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5269:
5268:
5266:
5265:
5264:
5263:
5258:
5256:Tong Jee Teung
5253:
5248:
5243:
5233:
5228:
5223:
5222:
5221:
5211:
5209:Grotto-heavens
5205:
5203:
5199:
5198:
5196:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5175:
5170:
5169:
5168:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5147:
5146:
5141:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5115:
5113:
5107:
5106:
5104:
5103:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5084:Zhang Guoxiang
5081:
5076:
5074:Wang Chongyang
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5054:Cheng Xuanying
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4950:
4948:
4944:
4943:
4941:
4940:
4933:
4928:
4927:
4926:
4924:Yellow Emperor
4916:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4896:
4891:
4890:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4864:
4863:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4842:
4836:
4834:
4828:
4827:
4825:
4824:
4817:
4810:
4803:
4796:
4789:
4782:
4775:
4768:
4761:
4754:
4746:
4744:
4740:
4739:
4737:
4736:
4735:
4734:
4721:
4713:
4708:
4707:
4706:
4698:
4692:
4679:
4674:
4673:
4672:
4671:(calisthenics)
4656:
4648:
4639:
4637:
4633:
4632:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4619:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4600:
4599:
4598:
4589:(spontenaity)
4580:
4570:
4560:
4558:
4549:
4548:
4545:
4542:
4541:
4539:
4538:
4530:
4522:
4514:
4509:
4508:
4507:
4499:
4493:
4492:(non-polarity)
4475:
4466:
4464:
4455:
4449:
4448:
4441:
4440:
4433:
4426:
4418:
4412:
4411:
4403:
4402:External links
4400:
4399:
4398:
4391:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4376:
4374:, p. 129.
4363:
4361:, p. 128.
4350:
4348:, p. 323.
4337:
4325:
4313:
4298:
4280:
4268:
4266:, p. 157.
4255:
4242:
4240:, p. 306.
4229:
4217:
4204:
4187:
4170:
4168:, p. 157.
4157:
4155:, p. 190.
4144:
4131:
4129:, p. 155.
4119:
4117:, p. 399.
4106:
4104:, p. 252.
4093:
4080:
4067:
4054:
4041:
4039:, p. 123.
4028:
4021:
3992:
3990:, p. 320.
3979:
3977:, p. 313.
3966:
3964:, p. 304.
3953:
3940:
3938:, p. 371.
3927:
3914:
3912:, p. 153.
3902:
3889:
3887:, p. 871.
3877:
3860:
3853:
3847:. p. 74.
3822:
3813:
3801:
3794:
3770:
3768:, 29.1: 87-90.
3757:
3742:
3728:
3722:
3721:
3701:
3695:
3675:
3662:
3650:10.1086/462835
3629:
3623:
3607:
3599:
3587:
3578:
3547:
3544:
3543:
3542:
3520:
3511:
3495:
3492:
3481:bianhuamangshi
3358:
3355:
3259:nirmāṇa-kṣetra
3160:
3159:
3156:
3153:
3150:
3121:Charles Muller
3102:
3101:
3099:
3098:
3091:
3084:
3076:
3073:
3072:
3071:
3070:
3055:
3054:
3051:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2944:
2939:
2938:
2935:
2934:
2931:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2884:
2879:
2878:
2875:
2874:
2871:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2858:Pratyekabuddha
2855:
2850:
2845:
2839:
2834:
2833:
2830:
2829:
2826:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2813:Buddhist chant
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2734:
2729:
2728:
2725:
2724:
2721:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2674:
2671:Buddhist texts
2669:
2668:
2665:
2664:
2661:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2599:
2598:
2588:
2582:
2579:
2578:
2573:
2567:
2566:
2565:
2562:
2561:
2558:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2516:
2511:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2505:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2486:
2485:
2477:
2476:
2470:
2469:
2458:
2455:
2447:Sanlun yuanzhi
2328:Yellow Emperor
2324:Gautama Buddha
2283:
2282:
2281:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2272:
2258:
2257:
2256:
2255:
2248:
2247:
2246:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2074:
2067:
2060:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2042:Taoist priests
2039:
2034:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2015:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1967:
1965:Grotto-heavens
1961:
1958:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1935:
1934:
1933:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1905:
1904:
1899:
1898:
1897:
1886:
1881:
1879:Lingbao School
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1850:
1845:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1827:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1814:Zhang Guoxiang
1809:
1808:
1803:
1801:Wang Chongyang
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1781:Cheng Xuanying
1776:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1728:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1680:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1663:
1658:
1657:
1654:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1633:
1632:
1630:Yellow Emperor
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1596:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1570:
1569:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1548:
1542:
1537:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1529:
1528:
1521:
1514:
1507:
1500:
1493:
1486:
1479:
1472:
1465:
1458:
1451:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1436:
1435:
1432:
1431:
1426:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1397:
1390:
1383:
1382:
1381:
1374:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1336:
1335:
1332:
1331:
1320:
1319:
1318:
1311:
1306:
1294:
1289:
1282:
1274:
1267:
1259:
1251:
1244:
1236:
1231:
1230:
1229:
1217:
1210:
1203:
1198:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1183:
1182:
1177:
1169:
1168:
1160:
1159:
1153:
1152:
1141:
1138:
1052:reading). The
1019:
1018:
1015:
1012:
979:
978:
906:
903:
890:Wing-Tsit Chan
776:Joseph Needham
619:qiānbiànwànhuà
612:biànhuàwúcháng
598:biànhuàduōduān
410:
407:
368:
367:
364:
363:
360:
359:
352:
346:
345:
344:Transcriptions
337:
336:
329:
323:
322:
313:
307:
306:
302:
301:
298:
297:
290:
284:
283:
276:
270:
269:
268:Transcriptions
261:
260:
251:
245:
244:
240:
239:
236:
235:
228:
222:
221:
215:
214:
207:
205:Middle Chinese
201:
200:
198:Middle Chinese
194:
193:
186:
180:
179:
177:Yue: Cantonese
173:
172:
165:
159:
158:
152:
151:
144:
138:
137:
131:
130:
123:
117:
116:
109:
103:
102:
95:
89:
88:
82:
81:
80:Transcriptions
73:
72:
69:
65:
64:
55:
49:
48:
39:
33:
32:
28:
27:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5306:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5281:
5279:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5238:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5226:Mount Penglai
5224:
5220:
5217:
5216:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5206:
5204:
5202:Sacred places
5200:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5183:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5167:
5164:
5163:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5136:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5116:
5114:
5112:
5108:
5102:
5101:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5089:Zhang Sanfeng
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4979:Zhang Daoling
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4951:
4949:
4945:
4939:
4938:
4937:Other deities
4934:
4932:
4929:
4925:
4922:
4921:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4877:Ziwei Emperor
4875:
4873:
4870:
4869:
4868:
4865:
4861:
4860:Daode Tianzun
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4847:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4840:Hongjun Laozu
4838:
4837:
4835:
4833:
4829:
4823:
4822:
4818:
4816:
4815:
4811:
4809:
4808:
4807:Qingjing Jing
4804:
4802:
4801:
4797:
4795:
4794:
4790:
4788:
4787:
4783:
4781:
4780:
4776:
4774:
4773:
4769:
4767:
4766:
4762:
4760:
4759:
4755:
4753:
4752:
4748:
4747:
4745:
4741:
4732:
4731:
4727:
4726:
4725:
4722:
4720:(immortality)
4719:
4718:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4704:
4703:
4699:
4696:
4693:
4690:
4689:
4685:
4684:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4670:
4669:
4665:
4664:
4662:
4661:
4657:
4654:
4653:
4649:
4646:
4645:
4641:
4640:
4638:
4634:
4629:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4610:Five Precepts
4608:
4606:
4605:
4601:
4596:
4595:
4591:
4590:
4588:
4587:
4586:
4581:
4578:
4577:
4576:
4571:
4568:
4567:
4566:
4561:
4559:
4557:
4553:
4547:
4546:
4536:
4535:
4531:
4528:
4527:
4523:
4521:(five phases)
4520:
4519:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4505:
4504:
4500:
4497:
4494:
4491:
4490:
4486:
4485:
4483:
4482:
4481:
4476:
4473:
4472:
4468:
4467:
4465:
4463:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4450:
4446:
4439:
4434:
4432:
4427:
4425:
4420:
4419:
4416:
4409:
4406:
4405:
4397:, Kegan Paul.
4396:
4392:
4389:
4385:
4384:
4373:
4367:
4360:
4354:
4347:
4341:
4334:
4329:
4323:, p. 68.
4322:
4317:
4310:
4309:
4302:
4295:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4278:, p. 42.
4277:
4272:
4265:
4259:
4252:
4246:
4239:
4233:
4226:
4221:
4214:
4208:
4201:
4197:
4191:
4184:
4180:
4174:
4167:
4161:
4154:
4148:
4141:
4135:
4128:
4123:
4116:
4110:
4103:
4097:
4091:, p. 58.
4090:
4084:
4077:
4071:
4065:, p. 24.
4064:
4058:
4051:
4045:
4038:
4032:
4024:
4022:9780700712007
4018:
4014:
4010:
4006:
3999:
3997:
3989:
3983:
3976:
3970:
3963:
3957:
3950:
3944:
3937:
3931:
3924:
3918:
3911:
3906:
3899:
3893:
3886:
3881:
3875:, p. 44.
3874:
3870:
3864:
3856:
3854:9780521058001
3850:
3846:
3842:
3840:
3835:
3829:
3827:
3817:
3811:, p. 44.
3810:
3805:
3797:
3795:9780824827663
3791:
3787:
3783:
3782:
3774:
3767:
3761:
3754:
3753:
3746:
3739:
3733:
3729:
3727:
3726:
3718:
3714:
3710:
3706:
3702:
3698:
3696:9780262230223
3692:
3688:
3684:
3680:
3676:
3672:
3668:
3663:
3659:
3655:
3651:
3647:
3643:
3639:
3635:
3630:
3626:
3624:9780231142045
3620:
3616:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3600:
3596:
3592:
3588:
3584:
3579:
3575:
3571:
3567:
3563:
3559:
3555:
3554:Artibus Asiae
3550:
3549:
3541:
3537:
3533:
3526:
3525:
3521:
3519:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3503:
3502:
3498:
3497:
3491:
3489:
3482:
3478:
3471:
3467:
3466:breaking ball
3460:
3456:
3452:
3448:
3444:
3442:
3441:
3436:
3432:
3427:
3425:
3421:
3417:
3413:
3409:
3406:
3402:
3398:
3391:
3387:
3382:
3380:
3376:
3372:
3368:
3364:
3363:Neo-Confucian
3354:
3352:
3348:
3347:
3346:Fayuan Zhulin
3342:
3338:
3334:
3330:
3326:
3322:
3317:
3315:
3311:
3304:
3300:
3296:
3289:
3285:
3278:
3273:
3271:
3264:
3260:
3253:
3249:
3242:
3238:
3231:
3227:
3226:
3218:
3214:
3213:
3205:
3201:
3198:(translating
3194:
3187:
3182:
3180:
3176:
3172:
3168:
3164:
3157:
3154:
3151:
3140:
3136:
3135:
3134:
3132:
3128:
3127:
3122:
3118:
3116:
3109:
3097:
3092:
3090:
3085:
3083:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3058:
3057:
3056:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2942:
2937:
2936:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2885:
2882:
2877:
2876:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2840:
2837:
2832:
2831:
2824:
2823:Vegetarianism
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2778:Recollections
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2748:Five precepts
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2732:
2727:
2726:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2713:Chinese canon
2711:
2709:
2708:Tibetan canon
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2675:
2672:
2667:
2666:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2597:
2594:
2593:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2583:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2564:
2563:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2517:
2514:
2509:
2508:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2488:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2478:
2475:
2472:
2471:
2467:
2463:
2462:
2454:
2448:
2444:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2426:
2424:
2420:
2413:
2408:
2404:
2403:
2398:
2397:multilocation
2394:
2393:
2388:
2384:
2383:
2378:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2360:
2354:
2352:
2348:
2343:
2341:
2337:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2314:
2311:, deified as
2307:
2303:
2299:
2295:
2288:
2278:
2277:
2275:
2270:
2269:
2267:
2266:
2265:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2243:
2242:
2240:
2239:
2238:
2232:
2228:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2212:
2206:
2204:
2199:
2193:
2188:
2186:
2178:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2156:
2150:
2145:
2143:
2136:
2132:
2126:
2121:
2119:
2113:
2108:
2106:
2102:
2097:
2095:
2091:
2090:
2085:
2073:
2068:
2066:
2061:
2059:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2050:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2029:
2023:
2022:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1993:
1992:Taoist temple
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1982:Mount Penglai
1980:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1962:
1959:Sacred places
1956:
1955:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1941:
1938:
1937:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1903:
1900:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1848:
1843:
1842:
1835:
1834:
1830:
1829:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1819:Zhang Sanfeng
1817:
1815:
1812:
1811:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1778:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1695:Zhang Daoling
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1664:
1661:
1656:
1655:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1631:
1628:
1627:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1583:Ziwei Emperor
1581:
1579:
1576:
1575:
1574:
1571:
1567:
1566:Daode Tianzun
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1553:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1546:Hongjun Laozu
1544:
1543:
1540:
1535:
1534:
1527:
1526:
1522:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1513:
1512:
1511:Qingjing Jing
1508:
1506:
1505:
1501:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1471:
1470:
1466:
1464:
1463:
1459:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1444:
1438:
1437:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1424:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1406:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1395:
1391:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1379:
1375:
1373:
1372:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1352:Five Precepts
1350:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1338:
1337:
1330:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1316:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1304:
1300:
1299:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1287:
1283:
1280:
1279:
1275:
1273:
1272:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1250:
1249:
1245:
1243:(five phases)
1242:
1241:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1223:
1222:
1218:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1209:
1208:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1187:
1186:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1171:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1145:
1140:Daoist usages
1137:
1135:
1134:
1110:
1106:
1105:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1056:
1051:
1050:
1042:
1038:
1037:
1032:
1024:
1016:
1013:
1009:
1008:
1007:
997:
993:
991:
987:
983:
975:
974:
973:
964:
959:
957:
953:
949:
948:
943:
938:
929:
922:
918:
914:
913:
902:
899:
895:
891:
886:
884:
879:
872:
868:
864:
860:
854:
852:
845:
840:
833:
827:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
800:
796:
790:
788:
784:
779:
777:
770:
766:
759:
752:
745:
744:
739:
735:
730:
720:
719:oracle script
716:
715:bronze script
712:
709:
705:
701:
698:
694:
690:
682:
678:
677:bronze script
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
656:
652:
648:
645:
641:
637:
630:
625:
620:
613:
606:
599:
595:
591:
590:
585:
582:
578:
574:
571:
567:
562:
560:
553:
549:
545:
542:
538:
534:
530:
527:
523:
520:
516:
515:Tibeto-Burman
509:
505:
498:
494:
490:
486:
483:
479:
476:
472:
465:
461:
456:
454:
451:
447:
444:
441:
437:
434:
430:
426:
416:
406:
403:
397:
393:for Sanskrit
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
375:
365:
353:
351:
347:
342:
338:
330:
328:
324:
319:
314:
312:
308:
305:Japanese name
303:
291:
289:
285:
277:
275:
271:
266:
262:
257:
252:
250:
246:
241:
229:
227:
223:
220:
216:
208:
206:
202:
199:
195:
187:
185:
181:
178:
174:
166:
164:
160:
157:
153:
145:
143:
139:
136:
132:
124:
122:
118:
110:
108:
104:
96:
94:
90:
87:
83:
78:
74:
70:
66:
61:
56:
54:
50:
45:
40:
38:
34:
29:
25:
20:
5231:Mount Kunlun
5099:
5064:Zhang Boduan
5049:Tao Hongjing
4969:Heshang Gong
4936:
4931:Guan Shengdi
4872:Jade Emperor
4819:
4812:
4805:
4798:
4793:Sanhuangjing
4791:
4784:
4777:
4770:
4763:
4756:
4751:Tao Te Ching
4749:
4733:(talismancy)
4728:
4715:
4700:
4686:
4666:
4658:
4650:
4642:
4615:Ten Precepts
4602:
4592:
4583:
4582:
4573:
4572:
4563:
4562:
4532:
4525:
4524:
4516:
4501:
4496:Yin and yang
4487:
4478:
4477:
4469:
4394:
4387:
4366:
4353:
4340:
4328:
4316:
4307:
4301:
4291:
4283:
4276:Robinet 1979
4271:
4264:Robinet 1993
4258:
4245:
4232:
4225:Robinet 1979
4220:
4212:
4207:
4199:
4195:
4190:
4182:
4178:
4173:
4166:Robinet 1993
4160:
4147:
4134:
4127:Robinet 1993
4122:
4109:
4096:
4083:
4070:
4057:
4052:, p. 3.
4044:
4031:
4012:
4004:
3982:
3969:
3956:
3948:
3943:
3930:
3922:
3917:
3910:Robinet 1993
3905:
3897:
3892:
3880:
3868:
3863:
3837:
3816:
3804:
3780:
3773:
3765:
3760:
3750:
3745:
3737:
3732:
3724:
3723:
3712:
3709:Baynes, Cary
3682:
3678:
3666:
3637:
3633:
3610:
3602:
3590:
3582:
3557:
3553:
3536:subjectivity
3522:
3499:
3480:
3469:
3458:
3457:"paradigm",
3454:
3446:
3445:
3438:
3434:
3430:
3428:
3423:
3419:
3404:
3400:
3396:
3385:
3383:
3378:
3374:
3365:philosopher
3360:
3357:Later usages
3350:
3344:
3341:Tang dynasty
3336:
3332:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3318:
3313:
3309:
3302:
3298:
3294:
3287:
3283:
3276:
3274:
3269:
3263:bianhuasheng
3262:
3258:
3251:
3247:
3240:
3237:saṃbhogakāya
3236:
3229:
3223:
3216:
3210:
3203:
3199:
3192:
3185:
3183:
3178:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3161:
3138:
3130:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3107:
3105:
2773:Merit making
2738:Three Jewels
2678:Buddhavacana
2608:Impermanence
2596:Dharma wheel
2446:
2442:
2438:Tang dynasty
2433:
2429:
2427:
2422:
2418:
2411:
2400:
2390:
2380:
2376:
2375:
2371:
2362:
2358:
2356:
2350:
2346:
2344:
2335:
2301:
2286:
2284:
2260:Section 39 (
2259:
2220:Heshang Gong
2215:
2209:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2195:
2190:
2184:
2176:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2154:
2152:
2147:
2134:
2130:
2128:
2123:
2117:
2115:
2110:
2104:
2100:
2098:
2092:through the
2087:
2083:
2081:
1987:Mount Kunlun
1831:
1791:Zhang Boduan
1773:Tao Hongjing
1685:Heshang Gong
1578:Jade Emperor
1523:
1516:
1509:
1502:
1497:Sanhuangjing
1495:
1488:
1481:
1474:
1467:
1460:
1455:Tao Te Ching
1453:
1446:
1421:
1403:
1392:
1385:
1376:
1369:
1357:Ten Precepts
1327:
1323:
1313:
1301:
1284:
1276:
1269:
1266:(non-action)
1261:
1253:
1247:
1246:
1238:
1227:Yin and yang
1219:
1212:
1205:
1131:
1108:
1104:Nihon Ryōiki
1102:
1063:
1053:
1047:
1040:
1034:
1030:
1020:
995:
994:
989:
985:
980:
962:
960:
951:
945:
941:
940:The ancient
939:
927:
920:
916:
910:
908:
905:Early usages
897:
893:
888:
882:
877:
870:
866:
862:
858:
857:
850:
843:
838:
831:
830:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
798:
794:
792:
786:
782:
780:
768:
764:
757:
750:
741:
737:
733:
731:
695:, combining
688:
674:Zhou dynasty
669:
654:
635:
626:
618:
611:
604:
597:
593:
587:
580:
569:
563:
559:nirmāṇa-kaya
558:
551:
547:
543:
536:
533:Sino-Tibetan
528:
521:
507:
503:
496:
492:
488:
484:
477:
470:
463:
457:
449:
442:
432:
422:
412:
402:nirmāṇa-kaya
390:
386:
373:
372:
371:
163:Romanization
142:Romanization
93:Hanyu Pinyin
31:Chinese name
5261:White Cloud
5182:Dragon Gate
5039:Kou Qianzhi
5034:Bao Jingyan
4959:Zhuang Zhou
4779:Taipingjing
4597:(plainness)
4579:(nonaction)
4569:(integrity)
4537:(reversion)
4484:(ultimate)
4462:Metaphysics
4410:, About.com
3518:Derrick Hoh
3200:nirmāṇakāya
3186:bianhuashen
3169:translates
3008:New Zealand
2863:Bodhisattva
2848:Four Stages
2803:Monasticism
2783:Mindfulness
2753:Perfections
2683:Early Texts
2410:true one."
2322:, included
2298:Mogao Caves
1930:Zhengyi Dao
1894:Dragon Gate
1763:Kou Qianzhi
1758:Bao Jingyan
1672:Zhuang Zhou
1476:Taipingjing
1060:Nara period
982:Kong Yingda
977:perseveres.
627:The modern
605:biànhuàmòcè
552:bianhuashen
460:Old Chinese
409:Terminology
243:Korean name
219:Old Chinese
5278:Categories
5251:Louguantai
5044:Lu Xiujing
5024:Wei Huacun
4974:Wei Boyang
4677:Meditation
4453:Philosophy
4153:Erkes 1945
4140:Erkes 1945
3683:of Ko Hung
3671:SUNY Press
3546:References
3459:bianhuaqiu
3390:Xici zhuan
3310:prātihārya
3299:prātihārya
3241:bianhuaren
3225:dharmakāya
3179:asamañjasa
2881:Traditions
2818:Pilgrimage
2758:Meditation
2718:Post-canon
2698:Pāli Canon
2628:Middle Way
2525:The Buddha
2208:While the
2002:Louguantai
1945:Yao Taoism
1768:Lu Xiujing
1748:Wei Huacun
1743:Sun Hanhua
1690:Wei Boyang
1429:Priesthood
1362:Meditation
1281:(immortal)
1258:(reversal)
1133:Keikokushū
915:text uses
557:translate
415:morphology
232:pron-sqʷʰˤ
107:Wade–Giles
5173:Chongxuan
5156:Shangqing
5119:Huang–Lao
5079:Qiu Chuji
5069:Sun Bu'er
5059:Chen Tuan
5019:Guo Xiang
4989:Zhang Jue
4964:Lie Yukou
4800:Huahujing
4772:Huainanzi
4691:(essence)
4660:Yangsheng
4512:Feng shui
4498:(duality)
4333:Mair 1989
4321:Mair 1989
4089:Mair 1994
4076:Mair 1994
4063:Mair 1994
4050:Mair 1994
4037:Mair 1994
3873:Mair 1989
3809:Mair 1989
3725:Footnotes
3711:(1967) .
3687:MIT Press
3658:162324813
3644:: 37–70.
3514:變化 Change
3470:bianhuayu
3455:bianhuali
3408:hexagrams
3314:vikurvana
3295:vikurvaṇa
3270:upapāduka
3252:bianhuatu
3028:Sri Lanka
3018:Singapore
2973:Indonesia
2913:Vajrayāna
2888:Theravāda
2843:Awakening
2731:Practices
2688:Tripiṭaka
2658:Cosmology
2633:Emptiness
2613:Suffering
2366:神州七轉七變舞天經
2211:Daodejing
2198:Huainanzi
2172:Huainanzi
1854:Huang–Lao
1806:Qiu Chuji
1796:Sun Bu'er
1786:Chen Tuan
1738:Guo Xiang
1705:Zhang Jue
1677:Lie Yukou
1504:Huahujing
1469:Huainanzi
1341:Practices
1292:True form
956:Ten Wings
721:forms of
548:sprul-sku
489:ˈpʰrul-ba
440:compounds
190:bin3 faa3
5178:Quanzhen
5166:Jingming
5094:Zhu Quan
4994:Zhang Lu
4786:Xiang'er
4758:Zhuangzi
4705:(spirit)
4697:(breath)
4636:Practice
4372:Kim 2000
4359:Kim 2000
4290:(2014),
4251:Ware1966
4238:Ware1966
3836:(1956).
3689:. 1966.
3681:Nei Pien
3617:. 2010.
3494:See also
3303:shenbian
3288:bianxian
3275:Besides
3129:defines
3038:Thailand
2998:Mongolia
2993:Malaysia
2958:Cambodia
2923:Navayana
2903:Hinayana
2898:Mahāyāna
2808:Lay life
2638:Morality
2618:Not-self
2576:Concepts
2535:Councils
2520:Timeline
2492:Glossary
2474:Buddhism
2466:a series
2464:Part of
2342:region.
2336:Zhuangzi
2264:) says:
2245:lasting.
2237:) says:
2185:Zhuangzi
2155:Zhuangzi
2131:Zhuangzi
2118:Zhuangzi
2101:Zhuangzi
2089:Zhuangzi
1902:Wuliupai
1824:Zhu Quan
1710:Zhang Lu
1647:Body god
1539:Theology
1483:Xiang'er
1462:Zhuangzi
1366:Alchemy
1190:Concepts
1149:a series
1147:Part of
1011:seasons.
972:) says:
519:Kinnauri
485:sprul-ba
458:For the
431:, e.g.,
429:synonyms
327:Hiragana
280:byeonhwa
211:pjenxwae
184:Jyutping
113:pien-hua
5246:Hanford
5236:Temples
5161:Lingbao
5151:Xuanxue
5144:Zhengyi
5124:Taiping
5111:Schools
5100:Fangshi
5029:Ge Hong
5009:Wang Bi
4999:Ge Xuan
4914:Chang'e
4832:Deities
4821:Daozang
4814:Baopuzi
4604:Zhenren
4526:Bianhua
4408:Bianhua
4011:(ed.).
4005:Bianhua
3597:. 1989.
3574:3248186
3479:", and
3447:Bianhua
3418:ones: "
3351:bianhua
3325:nirmāṇa
3277:bianhua
3248:nirmita
3230:baoshen
3212:trikāya
3204:sanshen
3193:huashen
3171:nirmāṇa
3139:nirmāṇa
3131:bianhua
3115:nirmāṇa
3108:bianhua
3048:Vietnam
3003:Myanmar
2918:Tibetan
2908:Chinese
2836:Nirvāṇa
2653:Saṃsāra
2648:Rebirth
2513:History
2502:Outline
2430:bianhua
2423:Baopuzi
2419:bianhua
2412:Yinxing
2407:Ge Xuan
2402:fenxing
2392:Baopuzi
2387:Ge Hong
2382:Fangshi
2377:Bianhua
2359:bianhua
2351:bianhua
2347:bianhua
2340:Sichuan
2302:bianhua
2300:, uses
2254:faults.
2231:spirits
2227:dragons
2216:bianhua
2203:bianhua
2177:bianhua
2105:bianhua
2084:bianhua
1864:Xuanxue
1847:Schools
1833:Fangshi
1753:Ge Hong
1725:Wang Bi
1715:Ge Xuan
1642:Li Hong
1637:Guan Yu
1620:Chang'e
1525:Daozang
1518:Baopuzi
1448:I Ching
1286:Zhenren
1248:Bianhua
1180:History
1175:Outline
1130:.; 827
1107:); and
996:Bianhua
952:bianhua
928:Xingshi
917:bianhua
898:Bianhua
894:bianhua
767:), and
681:Xu Shen
594:bianhua
589:chengyu
568:usage,
526:Khaling
497:hŋrôih
433:jiannan
424:biànhuà
413:In the
396:nirmāṇa
391:bianhua
387:bianhua
374:Bianhua
294:pyŏnhwa
169:pien-fa
127:pianxua
99:biànhuà
22:Bianhua
5004:He Yan
4984:Gan Ji
4947:People
4668:Daoyin
4652:Waidan
4644:Neidan
4575:Wu wei
4556:Ethics
4518:Wuxing
4445:Taoism
4019:
3923:Guanzi
3851:
3792:
3693:
3656:
3621:
3572:
3538:, and
3524:Huashu
3405:Yijing
3386:Yijing
3367:Zhu Xi
3217:fashen
3137:(Skt.
3033:Taiwan
3013:Russia
2953:Brazil
2948:Bhutan
2868:Buddha
2788:Wisdom
2571:Dharma
2421:. The
2326:, the
2313:Laojun
2167:Liu An
1720:He Yan
1700:Gan Ji
1660:People
1387:Bugang
1378:Waidan
1371:Neidan
1263:Wu wei
1240:Wuxing
1157:Taoism
1036:Kan-on
942:Yijing
921:Xinshu
912:Guanzi
892:lists
810:) and
765:Yijing
660:(from
529:kʰwaal
506:< *
469:< *
379:Daoism
249:Hangul
5188:Wuliu
4954:Laozi
4887:Houtu
4765:Liezi
4743:Texts
4585:Ziran
4503:Bagua
4480:Taiji
4474:(way)
3654:S2CID
3640:(1).
3570:JSTOR
3043:Tibet
2983:Korea
2978:Japan
2968:India
2963:China
2928:Newar
2853:Arhat
2643:Karma
2497:Index
2320:Fu Xi
2306:Laozi
2290:老子變化經
2175:uses
2135:wuhua
1667:Laozi
1593:Houtu
1490:Liezi
1441:Texts
1271:Ziran
1234:Bagua
1221:Taiji
1128:変えること
1109:henka
1087:神仏の化身
1064:henge
1049:Go-on
1041:henge
1031:henka
865:to a
844:sheng
596:are:
544:sprul
522:skwal
495:<
478:plian
471:prans
356:henka
311:Kanji
156:Hakka
148:pi ho
5241:Cebu
4730:Fulu
4717:Xian
4711:Diet
4702:Shen
4688:Jing
4489:Wuji
4370:Tr.
4357:Tr.
4344:Tr.
4262:Tr.
4249:Tr.
4236:Tr.
4164:Tr.
4151:Tr.
4138:Tr.
4113:Tr.
4100:Tr.
4087:Tr.
4074:Tr.
4061:Tr.
4048:Tr.
4035:Tr.
4017:ISBN
3986:Tr.
3973:Tr.
3960:Tr.
3934:Tr.
3849:ISBN
3790:ISBN
3691:ISBN
3619:ISBN
3484:變化盲視
3431:bian
3424:pien
3420:Pien
3412:Yang
3401:pien
3375:bian
3361:The
3337:bian
3333:bian
3329:bian
3321:bian
3284:bian
3175:sāra
2988:Laos
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2450:三論元旨
2229:and
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1423:Fulu
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4724:Art
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3646:doi
3562:doi
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3468:",
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3397:hua
3393:繫辭傳
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121:IPA
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4695:Qi
4594:Pu
4565:De
3995:^
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3825:^
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3636:.
3568:.
3556:.
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3528:化書
3505:變文
3381:.
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2153:A
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2138:物化
2096:.
1328:po
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1025:,
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931:形勢
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885:.
769:yi
758:yi
740:,
736:,
436:艱難
421:;
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318:変化
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5180:(
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573:變
511:吪
504:e
500:化
467:變
453:難
446:艱
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