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Bongal Kheda

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448:. There were reports of stone-throwing by Assamese in a Bengali neighbourhood called Das Colony in Maligaon area. A petrol pump on the main road between Maligaon and Guwahati, the largest city in Assam, was set on fire. The Assamese people felt that the fewer Bengalis within their territory, the better. The 1979 agitation witnessed frequent curfews and strikes called by the All Assam Students Union (AASU) and other organisations belonging to the local community. At least two young Bengali men in Maligaon were murdered. One incident that happened where a young Assamese man, a school dropout in his early 20s, who used to reside in Maligaon locality. He stabbed his own childhood Bengali friend, who had just joined the Indian Air Force, to death in the middle of the street. Violence took place in 25 villages of Goreswar in Kamrup district. A one-man enquiry commission was set up under Justice Gopal Mehrotra. According to the report nine Bengali were killed and more than one hundred were injured. There was at least one incident of attack on women. 4,019 huts and 58 houses belonging to the Bengalis were vandalised and destroyed. The District Magistrate of Guwahati who happened to be a Bengali Hindu was attacked by a mob of around 100 people inside his residence and stabbed. The Deputy Inspector General of Police, also a Bengali Hindu was also stabbed. The Bengali students of Guwahati University, Dibrugarh Medical College and Assam Medical College were forcibly expelled from the institutions. In 597:) were instigated to attack government sanctioned Bengali Hindu refugee settlements in the Lakhimpur district, resulting in horrendous massacres where Bengali babies were snatched from their mothers and thrown to fire, alive. Extremely abusive graffiti targeting Bengali Hindus became a common hate spreading mechanism for the Assamese rioters. "If you see a snake and a Bengali, kill the Bengali first", "Assam for Assamese", etc. were easily seen written on the graffitied walls across the Brahmaputra valley. The 930:"In 1947 the Assamese, particularly the Assamese Hindu middle class, won control over the government of the newly formed state of independent India. For the first time in a hundred and fifty years the Assamese were back in power. They used that control to assert the paramountcy of Assamese cultural identity and to seek economic and social equality in relation to the Bengali Hindu middle classes-their rivals for jobs in the administrative services, in the professions, and in the private sector." ( 985:"This migration was accompanied by an influx of educated Bengali Hindus into positions in the administrative services and in the professions. The British dismantled the Ahom ruling structure, made Bengali the official language, and recruited Bengali Hindus to run the administrative services. By the beginning of the twentieth century Assamese nationalists were pitted against the Bengalis as well as against the British, both of whom were seen as alien rulers." ( 92:, the Assamese Hindu middle class gained political control in Assam and tried to gain social and economic parity with their competitors, the Bengali Hindu middle class. A significant period of property damage, ethnic policing and even instances of street violence occurred in the region. The exact timeline is disputed, though many authors agree the 1960s saw a height of disruption. It was part of a broader discontent within Assam that would foreshadow the 25: 109: 473:. According to one estimate 500,000 Bengalis were displaced from Assam. In West Bengal, thousands of refugees arrived in phases. The first batch of around 4,000 refugees arrived between 5 and 11 July 1960. The next batch of 447 arrived between 12 and 20 July. The rest arrived after 31 July. During July – September, around 50,000 Bengalis took shelter in West Bengal. 593:. The killing of Rabi Mitra, an ethnic Bengali technical officer at Oil India's headquarters in Duliajan caused widespread panic among the Bengalis. In 1983, the Bengali Hindus were attacked again during the anti-foreign agitation. In Dhemaji district, the Bengali houses were vandalised by rioting Assamese mobs in Silapathar. Cases have been reported when tribals ( 564: 554:
In 1972, large scale ethnic riots erupted in Assam again when Assamese groups demanded for making Assamese the sole language for writing examinations under the prestigious Gauhati university, where as usual the Bengali Hindus were mostly targeted. This time the violence remained concentrated mostly
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and many tribes in the state. The first influx of Hindu refugees in considerable number was in October 1946 following the Noakhali riots. By May 1949 the number of total refugees reached two-and-half lakhs increasing up to 2,740,455. In May 1948, ethnic tension escalated between the Assamese people
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under control and included Assam in the Bengal Presidency. Over time educated elite Bengali Hindus began occupying colonial administrative and professional positions, locally they were called as Babus and the emerging Assamese nationalists began looking at both the British as well as this class of
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Robin Dey, the Bengali-born creator of teenage adventure series of Dasyu Bhaskar in Assam was forced to leave Assam and settle in Kolkata. In 1959, Sukomal Purakayastha, who was later martyred during the Bengali Language Movement in 1961, was forced to wind up his business in Dibrugarh and flee to
1148: 169:, the Congress MLA who would later be the Chief minister of Assam, is known to have rallied in different parts of Goalpara district and made provocative speeches against the Bengali Hindus, instigating mob violence against them. Around 250 456:
were attacked in the mixed localities. Bengali Hindu houses were looted, burnt and the occupants were beaten up, knifed and driven out. On 31 August 2019, the names of more than 13 lakh Bengalis were removed from the final list of
421: 153:. Abusive wall graffiti were put out across the streets of Guwahati such as "Who ate all the fish?, the Bengalis! So out with them." In 1956, there were widespread disturbances in the erstwhile undivided 84:(trans. "Drive out the Outsiders!") was a xenophobic movement in Assam, India, orchestrated by native Assamese job seekers which aimed to purge out non-native job competitors — primarily, middle-class 972:"The British East India Company, with its center in Calcutta, gradually extended its control over the entire northeast region and in 1838 Assam was incorporated into the Bengal Presidency." ( 136:
Bengalis as outsiders. The concern for rapidly increasing amount of refugees arriving from East Bengal and later newly formed East Pakistan in the 1940s, created tension among the Indigenous
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in the lower Assam districts with minor outbreaks reported in Sibsagar and Dibrugarh. Around 14,000 Bengali Hindus fled to West Bengal and elsewhere in the North East.
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tribals of Meghalaya, under the banner of Khasi Students Union (KSU) and under active collaboration and patronage of the Assamese rioters started targeting domicile
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India (1951). "Annual Arrival of Refugees in Assam in 1946–1951". Census of India. XII, Part I (I-A): 353 – via web.archive.org.
1694: 1786: 1653: 1391: 1085: 915: 796: 754: 1091: 1032: 1766: 1533: 1378: 420: 1781: 1490: 677:"The word Bongal is used in a wide sense in Assam. It does not refer to Bengalis alone. It embraces all outsiders." ( 64: 1658: 1350: 158: 1699: 1131: 609:. In 1980, a Bengali legislator was killed and the Bengali localities came under systematic attack repeatedly. 461:
based on 1971. In this situation, the Bengalis all over India, including Assam, is living with anxiety today.
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Thousands of Bengali Hindus were displaced from the Brahmaputra Valley and they subsequently migrated to
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and then spread to the rest of the state. Assamese mob attacked Bengali Hindu settlements in the
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During the first phase of the Assam Agitation, Bengali settlements were attacked throughout the
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in Meghalaya, resenting their dominance in jobs and business. The attacks mostly restricted to
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Banerjee, Paula; Chaudhury, Sabyasachi Basu Ray; Das, Samir Kumar; Adhikari, Bishnu (2005).
8: 1730: 1725: 1638: 1595: 628: 563: 489: 166: 1583: 888: 841: 638: 590: 445: 1202: â€ē ...PDF The Brahmaputra valley of India can be compared only with the Indus ... 1715: 1544: 1486: 1387: 1127: 1081: 911: 892: 880: 845: 833: 792: 750: 715: 174: 120: 1575: 1293:"We foreigners: What it means to be Bengali in India's Assam \PUblisher=Al Jazeera" 872: 825: 742: 707: 178: 170: 876: 829: 1480: 1123:
Internal Displacement in South Asia: The Relevance of the UN's Guiding Principles
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Internal Displacement in South Asia: The Relevance of the UN's Guiding Principles
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The attacks on the Bengali Hindus started in June 1960. It first started at the
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visited the district to ascertain the feasibility of the district's merger with
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Beginning in 1826, the British East India Company gradually brought the entire
97: 746: 735:"6. An Economy of Antipathy: Target Selection and the Imperatives of Violence" 1760: 1548: 1176:
India, Census of (1951). "Annual Arrival of Refugees in Assam in 1946–1951".
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in the Paan bazaar area of Guwahati, which soon spread to different parts of
116: 85: 1563: 1237: 814:"Geopolitics of the NRC-CAA in Assam: Impact on Bangladesh–India Relations" 773:
sponsored by Assamese job-seekers to drive out non-Assamese competitors." (
711: 598: 1735: 572: 470: 162: 1514:'Bearing Witness': The Impact of Conflict on Women in Nagaland and Assam 1648: 1587: 1566:(1983). "The Political Demography of Assam's Anti-Immigrant Movement". 695: 623: 568: 429: 1516:. Centre for North East Studies and Policy Research. 2011. p. 42. 449: 112: 1579: 108: 1212: 606: 602: 576: 441: 150: 908:
Roots of Ethnic Conflict: Nationality Question in North-east India
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to the Assam government, at least one Bengali Hindu was stabbed.
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Overall immigration are caused due to communal disturbance
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Arrival of Hindu Refugees from East Pakistan after 1951
1352:āĻāĻ¨āĻ†āĻ°āĻ¸āĻŋ-āĻ¤ā§‡ ā§§ā§¨ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻĻ, āĻ…āĻ¸āĻŽā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻāĻšā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻĒāĻŋ 1180:. XII, Part I (I-A): 353 – via web.archive.org. 45:. Please help to ensure that disputed statements are 741:. University of California Press. pp. 194–223. 1460:(in Bengali). Kolkata: Bennett Coleman. 19 May 2015 1031:. Nehru Memorial Museum and Library. Archived from 575:is described as the Bastard son of West Bengal and 16:
Movement against the Bengali Hindus in Assam, India
1058:Census of India, 1951, Vol. XII, Part I (I-A), 353 947:āĻāĻ¨āĻ†āĻ°āĻ¸āĻŋ āĻ†āĻ°āĻ“ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§ƒāĻĨāĻ• āĻ°āĻžāĻœā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ¸ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧ 1758: 861:"Mazhabi Sikhs of Shillong and Guwahati (India)" 186:Annual Arrival of Refugees in Assam in 1946–1951 177:medium schools overnight. As per a letter by PM 1377:Bhaumik, Subir (2008). Samir Kumar Das (ed.). 1116: 1114: 1112: 1611: 1304: 1302: 689: 687: 1146: 428:refugee child being taken aboard a lorry at 1531: 1308: 1238:"Adelaide Research & Scholarship: Home" 1109: 943: 774: 678: 1618: 1604: 1299: 684: 1319: 733:Horowitz, Donald L. (30 September 2020). 567:Assamese mob drawing wall graffiti where 65:Learn how and when to remove this message 1478: 732: 654:Bengali Language Movement (Barak Valley) 634:Discrimination against Bengalis in India 562: 419: 107: 41:Relevant discussion may be found on the 1376: 1064: 693: 123:teenage literature was forced to leave 1759: 1626:Persecution of Bengali Hindus in Assam 1562: 986: 973: 931: 811: 1654:National Democratic Front of Boroland 1599: 1348: 1320:Chowdhury, Anwar (19 February 2016). 1260: 1258: 1175: 1147:Bhattacharya, Nitish (25 July 2015). 910:. Manohar Publications. p. 140. 858: 696:"Negotiating Access: Northeast India" 149:. Bengali-owned shops were looted in 1685:Language Movement in Assam (1960-61) 1543:. Mumbai: Sameeksha Trust: 1193–95. 859:Singh, Birinder Pal (28 June 2016). 543: 18: 1425:āĻŦāĻžāĻ‚āĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ‚āĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻ–ā§‹āĻāĻœā§‡ āĻ•āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ• āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ 1421: 1070: 1023: 905: 13: 1574:(2). Population Council: 279–292. 1532:Chakravarti, K.C. (30 July 1960). 1485:. Anamika Publishers. p. 88. 1422:Ray, Biswajit (21 February 2014). 1255: 1150:āĻ…āĻ¸āĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ‚āĻ˛āĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻˇā§€āĻ°āĻ“, āĻŦā§āĻāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡ āĻļāĻžāĻ¸āĻ•āĻĻā§‡āĻ° 944:Bijay Kumar, Dhar (31 July 2015). 14: 1798: 1568:Population and Development Review 1264: 812:Sufian, Abu (17 September 2020). 694:Bhaumik, Subir (1 January 2000). 558: 173:medium schools were converted to 1659:United Liberation Front of Assam 1479:Sekhawat, Vibhuti Singh (2007). 1432:(in Bengali). Kolkata: ABP Group 1157:(in Bengali). Kolkata: ABP Group 1126:. Sage. 2005. pp. 150–151. 954:(in Bengali). Kolkata: ABP Group 483:Cumulative refugee figures from 159:States Reorganization Commission 23: 1700:Anti-Bengali sentiment in India 1506: 1472: 1444: 1415: 1370: 1342: 1313: 1285: 1242:digital.library.adelaide.edu.au 1230: 1205: 1193: 1184: 1169: 1140: 1050: 1017: 992: 979: 966: 937: 464: 1200:http://iussp2005.princeton.edu 1000:"Illegal Migration into Assam" 924: 899: 852: 805: 780: 763: 726: 671: 1: 1524: 1453:āĻ¤ā§‹āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻšāĻ¸ āĻĒāĻžāĻ‡ 877:10.1080/17448727.2016.1147172 830:10.1080/14631369.2020.1820854 571:, the then Chief Minister of 103: 1787:Illegal immigration to India 538: 7: 1767:Massacres of Bengali Hindus 612: 10: 1803: 1482:Assam: From Accord to ULFA 1026:"Nehru and the North East" 582: 550:Assamese Language Movement 547: 415: 94:Assamese Language Movement 1708: 1667: 1631: 747:10.1525/9780520342057-008 482: 393:Bangladesh Liberation War 96:and the anti-Bangladeshi 1782:Ethnic cleansing in Asia 1675:Sylhet Referendum (1947) 1644:All Assam Students Union 1452: 1424: 1351: 1322: 1149: 1074:Nehru and the North East 946: 700:Refugee Survey Quarterly 664: 380:1964 East Pakistan riots 367:1950 East Pakistan riots 1217:iussp2005.princeton.edu 769:"The movement known as 659:Bengali Hindus in Assam 1690:D voter (1997-present) 1680:Bongal Kheda (1947-77) 1380:Blisters on their Feet 1323:āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ—ā§āĻ¨ āĻ›āĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ˛... 1273:. Tripura Infoway News 739:The Deadly Ethnic Riot 580: 433: 128: 1386:. Sage. p. 303. 791:. SAGE. p. 157. 566: 423: 111: 90:Independence of India 1534:"Bongal Kheda Again" 712:10.1093/rsq/19.2.142 302:1950 (Jan.&Feb.) 34:factual accuracy is 1721:North Kamrup (1980) 1639:Assam Sahitya Sabha 1541:The Economic Weekly 1430:Anandabazar Patrika 1357:Anandabazar Patrika 1349:āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻŦāĻžāĻĻāĻĻāĻžāĻ¤āĻž, āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœāĻ¸ā§āĻŦ. 1330:(in Bengali). Dhaka 1155:Anandabazar Patrika 1071:Nag, Sajal (2015). 1024:Nag, Sajal (2015). 952:Anandabazar Patrika 906:Nag, Sajal (1990). 500:Cumulative figures 490:Jalpaiguri district 345: 189: 167:Sarat Chandra Sinha 1695:NRC (2013-present) 1309:Chakravarti (1960) 1271:TripuraINFOWAY.com 1097:on 16 October 2017 1038:on 16 October 2017 639:Operation Roukhala 591:Brahmaputra Valley 581: 446:Brahmaputra Valley 434: 343: 184: 129: 1754: 1753: 1731:Khoirabari (1983) 1726:Silapathar (1983) 1393:978-81-7829-819-1 1087:978-93-83650-81-1 917:978-81-85054-93-3 798:978-0-7619-3313-7 756:978-0-520-34205-7 544:Language Movement 536: 535: 413: 412: 341: 340: 155:Goalpara district 121:Assamese language 88:. Soon after the 75: 74: 67: 1794: 1772:History of Assam 1741:Nislamari (1997) 1620: 1613: 1606: 1597: 1596: 1591: 1559: 1557: 1555: 1538: 1518: 1517: 1510: 1504: 1503: 1501: 1499: 1476: 1470: 1469: 1467: 1465: 1448: 1442: 1441: 1439: 1437: 1419: 1413: 1412: 1410: 1408: 1402: 1396:. 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1211: 1210: 1206: 1198: 1194: 1189: 1185: 1178:Census of India 1174: 1170: 1160: 1158: 1151: 1145: 1141: 1134: 1120: 1119: 1110: 1100: 1098: 1094: 1088: 1077: 1069: 1065: 1056: 1055: 1051: 1041: 1039: 1035: 1028: 1022: 1018: 1008: 1006: 998: 997: 993: 984: 980: 971: 967: 957: 955: 948: 942: 938: 929: 925: 918: 904: 900: 865:Sikh Formations 857: 853: 818:Asian Ethnicity 810: 806: 799: 785: 781: 768: 764: 757: 731: 727: 692: 685: 676: 672: 667: 649:Nellie Massacre 615: 587: 561: 552: 546: 541: 529:25 August 1960 521:21 August 1960 487: 467: 418: 194:Place of Origin 138:Assamese people 133:Northeast India 106: 71: 60: 54: 51: 40: 32:This article's 28: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1800: 1790: 1789: 1784: 1779: 1777:1960s in India 1774: 1769: 1752: 1751: 1749: 1748: 1743: 1738: 1733: 1728: 1723: 1718: 1712: 1710: 1706: 1705: 1703: 1702: 1697: 1692: 1687: 1682: 1677: 1671: 1669: 1665: 1664: 1662: 1661: 1656: 1651: 1646: 1641: 1635: 1633: 1629: 1628: 1623: 1622: 1615: 1608: 1600: 1593: 1592: 1560: 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Movement 86:Hindu Bengalis 73: 72: 31: 29: 22: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1799: 1788: 1785: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1775: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1764: 1762: 1747: 1744: 1742: 1739: 1737: 1734: 1732: 1729: 1727: 1724: 1722: 1719: 1717: 1714: 1713: 1711: 1707: 1701: 1698: 1696: 1693: 1691: 1688: 1686: 1683: 1681: 1678: 1676: 1673: 1672: 1670: 1666: 1660: 1657: 1655: 1652: 1650: 1647: 1645: 1642: 1640: 1637: 1636: 1634: 1630: 1621: 1616: 1614: 1609: 1607: 1602: 1601: 1598: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1565: 1564:Weiner, Myron 1561: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1535: 1530: 1529: 1515: 1509: 1494: 1492:9788179751695 1488: 1484: 1483: 1475: 1459: 1455: 1447: 1431: 1427: 1418: 1399: 1395: 1389: 1382: 1381: 1373: 1358: 1354: 1345: 1329: 1328:Daily Ittefaq 1325: 1316: 1310: 1305: 1303: 1294: 1288: 1272: 1268: 1261: 1259: 1243: 1239: 1233: 1218: 1214: 1208: 1201: 1196: 1187: 1179: 1172: 1156: 1152: 1143: 1135: 1129: 1125: 1124: 1117: 1115: 1113: 1093: 1089: 1083: 1076: 1075: 1067: 1059: 1053: 1034: 1027: 1020: 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Index

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Hindu Bengalis
Independence of India
Assamese Language Movement
Assam Movement

Robin Dey
Bengali Hindu
Assamese language
Assam
Northeast India
Assamese people
Bengali Hindus
Assam
Guwahati
Goalpara district
States Reorganization Commission
West Bengal
Sarat Chandra Sinha
Bengali
Assamese
Jawaharlal Nehru
1950 East Pakistan riots
1964 East Pakistan riots
Bangladesh Liberation War

Bengali Hindu

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