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644:. During the summer of 2015, the tunnel was closed for six weeks for preparatory work including lowering the track by roughly 600 millimetres (24 in) and replacing 7 miles (11 km) of cabling in advance of the catenary infrastructure being installed. However a November 2016 announcement stated that the plan to electrify the mainline from
486:
rebutted the theory that the rising sun passed through the tunnel on
Isambard Brunel's 9 April birthday, finding in 2017 that the sunrise did not shine fully through the tunnel. Librarian C.P. Atkins calculated in 1985 that full illumination through Box Tunnel would occur on 7 April in non-Leap years
299:
While a tunnel had been included in the 1835 Great
Western Railway Act, contemporary engineers considered the construction of Box Tunnel to be an impossibility at worst and a dangerous undertaking at best. The challenge posed was not only its length but the difficult underlying strata it would have
365:
In
December 1838, construction started. Work was divided into six sections; access to each was via a 25-foot-diameter (7.6 m) ventilation shaft, which ranged in depth from 70 feet (21 m) at the eastern end to 300 feet (91 m) towards the western end. The men, equipment, materials and
466:
Commentators and critics voiced concerns and disapproval about the unlined section of the tunnel; they believed that it lacked solidity and was a danger to traffic. The GWR responded to these complaints by building a brick arch underneath part of the unlined section close to the entrance which was
619:
The CAD was closed at the end of the war but was maintained in operational condition until the 1950s. The sidings were cleared, and saw no further use until the mid-1980s when a museum was opened on the site for a short period. During the post-war years, portions of the ammunition depot were
451:. The height of the opening is far in excess of what was required (and indeed reduces once inside), but it gives the feel of a generous celebratory monument to a new form of travel. That height has been further accentuated with the 2015 lowering of the trackbed for
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Once the eastern section had been blasted out, it was cut to form a gothic arch and left unlined. The western section was excavated using picks and shovels and the walls were lined with brick. Over 30 million bricks were used which were manufactured in nearby
631:
As of the present day, the only element of the complex that remains is the former computer centre. The visible north end of the tunnel has been sealed by concrete and rubble. The former CAD has been reused as a secure commercial document storage facility.
417:
During
January 1841 Brunel came to an agreement with Burge and Yockney to increase their workforce from 1,200 to 4,000, and the tunnel was completed in April 1841. The completed tunnel was 30 feet (9.1 m) wide and capable of accommodating a pair of
373:
Candles provided the only lighting in the workings and were consumed at a rate of one tonne per week, which was equalled by the weekly consumption of explosives. Due to the considerable time required for men to enter and exit the workings,
276:
The tunnel would have a gradient of 1 in 100. At the time, the use of such a steep gradient inside the tunnel allegedly provoked criticism by some of Brunel's contemporaries. Box Tunnel would be the longest railway tunnel at almost
422:
tracks. When the ends of the tunnel were joined, there was less than 2 inches (50 mm) of error in their alignment. Brunel was so delighted that he reportedly removed a ring from his finger and gave it to the works foreman.
353:
as his engineer and manager. Locally based Lewis and Brewer were responsible for the remainder, starting from the eastern side. One of Brunel's personal assistants, William
Glennie, was in overall charge until completion.
221:, the straight tunnel descends on a 1 in 100 gradient from its eastern end. At the time the tunnel's construction was considered dangerous due to its length and the composition of the underlying strata. The west portal is
2506:
515:, the need to provide secure storage for munitions at distributed locations across the UK was recognised. During the 1930s, a proposal to create three Central Ammunition Depots (CADs) was submitted: one in the north (
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2257:
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were killed during the tunnel's construction. Additional pumping and drainage were required during and after its construction. Large amounts of water entering the tunnel in the winter months impeded progress.
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On 30 June 1841, the tunnel was opened to traffic with little in the way of ceremony. A special train departed London
Paddington and traversed the whole of the GWR to complete the first rail journey to
585:, descending at a rate of 1 in 8.5 to the Central Ammunition Depot in the former quarry workings. The logistics operation was designed to cope with a maximum of 1,000 tons of ammunition per day.
581:. Thirty feet (9.1 m) below and at right angles to this point, the War Office had built a narrow-gauge wagon-sorting yard which accessed a 1.25-mile (2.0 km) tunnel, built by the
1408:
378:
took place while they were in the tunnel. This practice and water ingress exceeding the calculated volumes, has been attributed as causing most of the deaths that occurred. About 100
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takes place in and around Box Tunnel (although called Box Hill Tunnel). The legend of the sunrise at Brunel's birthday also has an important role for both the setting and the plot.
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1996:
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The restrictions imposed by the site contributed to a delay in the tunnel's completion. By August 1839, only 40 per cent of the works had been finished. By summer 1840, the
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608:(BAC), although it never went into production. BAC used the facility to accommodate the company's experimental department, which was developing an engine to power
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2105:
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in 2016 suggested the sun shone through the tunnel on 6 April, the birthday of Brunel's sister, Emma Joan Brunel, three years out of four during the 1830s.
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as one of the three major stockpiles. During
November 1937, the GWR was contracted to build a 1,000-foot-long (300 m) raised twin-loading platform at
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as the major contractor, being responsible for undertaking 75 per cent of overall tunnel length, working from the western end. Burge appointed
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337:. To assess the geology more accurately, between 1836 and 1837, Brunel sank eight shafts at intervals along the tunnel's projected alignment.
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for
Monkton Farleigh and two sidings branching from the Bristol–London mainline just outside the tunnel's eastern entrance at
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414:. The Box Tunnel was the last section of the GWML to be finished, although not for lack of effort on the part of Brunel.
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How Brunel designed his memorial into the Box Tunnel, which is aligned with the sun on his birthday, the 9th of April.
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would maintain either level ground or gentle gradients of no greater than 1 in 1000 along most of its route. Between
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210:. The 1.83-mile (2.95 km) tunnel was the world's longest railway tunnel when it was completed in 1841.
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Atkins, C.P. (1985). "Box
Railway Tunnel and I. K. Brunel's Birthday: A Theoretical Investigation".
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247,000 cubic yards (189,000 m) of extract had to go in and come out of the shafts assisted by
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Tunnel does align, but 3 days before Brunel's birthday; however the sky is not visible through it
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After the opening, for several months, work continued to finish the tunnel's western portal near
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Starting in 1844, the hill surrounding the tunnel was subject to extensive quarrying to extract
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The sun rises in near alignment to the entrance to Box Tunnel, Bath, UK on 9 April 2017
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The east portal with the quarry entrance to Tunnel Quarry clearly visible on the right
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2017:
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and transported in horse-drawn carts. Horses were used to remove much of the spoil.
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Isambard
Kingdom Brunel Standing Before the Launching Chains of the Great Eastern
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developed a plan for a railway running east–west between London and Bristol. The
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624:, RAF No.1 Signal Unit, Controller Defence Communication Network and the
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596:, was established and used an area of the tunnels. In response to the
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An engineering drawing of the longitudinal cross-section of Box Tunnel
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672:
1649:"The Box Hill Tunnel: An Anorak's Paradise or a Passage To Narnia?"
1507:
475:
1503:"Great Western line electrification 'deferred' amid cost overruns"
265:, at the highest point of the line, a tunnel was proposed through
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270:
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28:
1328:
Dunn, Tim (26 August 2020). "Great railway bores of our time!".
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The tunnel was planned to be electrified by 2017 as part of the
534:
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prone to frost damage. Some areas of the tunnel remain unlined.
183:
447:- grander than the eastern portal as it is in full view of the
329:
times. In the 17th and 18th centuries it was extracted by the
1708:
379:
1147:"Box tunnel reopens after Network Rail electrification work"
604:
developed a fallback aircraft engine factory for use by the
325:, is easily worked and had been used for construction since
316:
beneath, a combination with which tunnellers were familiar.
300:
to pass through. The rocks through which it passes comprise
1722:
Articles, interactive map and video tour from BBC Wiltshire
370:
winches. The shafts were the safety exits from the tunnel.
1109:
Britain's transport infrastructure: Rail electrification
1105:
2028:
Bath:St James's Bridge; Skew Bridge; St James' Viaduct
1548:
Brunel: The Life and Times of Isambard Kingdom Brunel
1466:
The Road to Success: Alfred McAlpine 1935 – 1985
542:
During the 1930s, Tunnel Quarry was renovated by the
1228:"Combe Down Stone Mines Land Stabilisation Project"
1080:
1055:
1601:The Secret State – Whitehall and the Cold War
213:Built between December 1838 and June 1841 for the
2513:List of Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmarks
2106:Rain, Steam and Speed – The Great Western Railway
1033:1/5 railway featuring stone replica of Box tunnel
406:(GWML) had been completed, as was the track from
2581:
620:redeveloped for other facilities, including the
1720:Wiltshire's Secret Underground City: Burlington
1351:Journal of the British Astronomical Association
1747:
1480:"Preparing the way for Bath electrification."
1083:"Box Tunnel East Portal (MLN19912) (1271441)"
232:Ammunition was stored near the tunnel during
2270:borrowed by Brunel, used for propeller tests
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1267:
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1263:
1261:
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2446:(commissioned by Brunel for his retirement)
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1628:Northern Illinois University message board
1578:
1570:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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511:for buildings. In the run-up towards the
1697:Network Rail Virtual Archive: Box Tunnel
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1598:
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1115:. London: DfT Publications. p. 30.
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659:
533:
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356:
182:
1646:
1622:Karlson, Stephen H. (3 February 1999).
1621:
1579:Chittenden, Maurice (30 October 2005).
1426:
1164:
1136:
642:Great Western Electrification Programme
455:to be installed. The eastern portal at
2582:
2452:, whose portrait was painted by Brunel
1581:"For sale: Britain's underground city"
1402:"Corsham Tunnels — A brief guide"
1099:
333:method and used for many buildings in
2553:2012 London Olympics opening ceremony
1735:
1526:
1058:"West Portal of Box Tunnel (1271441)"
1026:List of tunnels in the United Kingdom
1009:The 2nd episode of the 2nd series of
443:which Brunel had designed in a grand
319:The Great Oolite limestone, known as
2437:Scene from A Midsummer Night's Dream
1716:, detailed analysis of the alignment
1463:
1327:
1195:
667:Map this section's coordinates using
470:
1827:Oxford, Worcester and Wolverhampton
1726:The light at the end of the tunnel.
1321:
622:Central Government War Headquarters
459:has a more modest brick face, with
33:A winter view of the western portal
13:
1797:Cheltenham and Great Western Union
1414:from the original on 14 April 2015
1087:National Heritage List for England
1062:National Heritage List for England
635:
487:and on 6 April in Leap years. The
167:125 miles per hour (201 km/h)
14:
2636:
1680:
1106:Department for Transport (2009).
345:The GWR selected George Burge of
16:Railway tunnel in western England
2620:Works of Isambard Kingdom Brunel
2440:(picture commissioned by Brunel)
1699:, engineering drawings of tunnel
436:in Bristol in about four hours.
27:
2221:Great Western Steamship Company
1624:"Re: Six More Weeks of Prelims"
1519:
1495:
1472:
1457:
1369:
1342:
340:
291:miles (2.8 km) in length.
2373:Institution of Civil Engineers
2310:Other engineering and building
2070:Cumberland Basin swing bridges
1334:. No. 912. Peterborough:
1299:
1220:
1074:
1049:
523:, Shropshire); and one in the
496:
1:
2214:Ships, harbours and waterways
1792:Bristol and South Wales Union
1037:
244:
217:(GWR) under the direction of
2485:Bristol Temple Meads Station
2195:South Devon Railway sea wall
1872:Wilts, Somerset and Weymouth
1705:entry on the Corsham bunkers
1531:. Stephens. pp. 54–77.
1042:
1031:Stapleford Miniature Railway
949:Box Tunnel ventilation shaft
907:Box Tunnel ventilation shaft
823:Box Tunnel ventilation shaft
781:Box Tunnel ventilation shaft
7:
2600:Rail transport in Wiltshire
2548:Two Brunel £2 coins in 2006
2420:University of Caen Normandy
2368:Fellow of the Royal Society
2347:Crystal Palace water towers
1817:Great Western and Brentford
1546:Buchanan, R. Angus (2002).
1019:
697:GPX (secondary coordinates)
10:
2641:
2595:Railway tunnels in England
2080:Gatehampton Railway Bridge
656:was delayed indefinitely.
500:
426:
294:
239:
2625:Tunnels completed in 1841
2567:
2464:
2394:
2309:
2213:
2205:Wellington Bank, Somerset
2152:
2053:Cornwall Railway viaducts
2048:Clifton Suspension Bridge
2010:
1880:
1837:South Devon and Tavistock
1769:
1664:. Pen & Sword Books.
692:GPX (primary coordinates)
606:Bristol Aeroplane Company
171:
163:
159:1.83 miles (2.95 km)
155:
150:
142:
132:
124:
116:
111:
103:
64:
53:
43:
38:
26:
2526:Brunel University London
2502:Broad gauge running line
2465:Legacy and commemoration
2358:Malmaison Hotel, Reading
2114:Moulsford Railway Bridge
2075:"Devil's Bridge", Uphill
1975:Hilton Hotel, Paddington
1599:Hennessy, Peter (2002).
1550:. Hambledon and London.
1307:"Samuel Hansard Yockney"
675:Download coordinates as:
569:51.4053639°N 2.2897056°W
519:); one in the Midlands (
2610:Great Western Main Line
2533:(Network Rail typeface)
2385:Robert Pearson Brereton
2170:Great Western Main Line
1763:Isambard Kingdom Brunel
1662:Secret Underground City
1660:McCamley, Nick (2000).
626:Corsham Computer Centre
489:Society of Genealogists
404:Great Western Main Line
255:Great Western Main Line
251:Isambard Kingdom Brunel
225:and the east portal is
219:Isambard Kingdom Brunel
200:Great Western Main Line
48:Great Western Main Line
2559:Brunel (opera project)
2337:Brook House, Steventon
2153:Tunnels and earthworks
1787:Bristol and Gloucester
1703:Subterranea Britannica
1647:Lushman, Rory (1999).
1468:. Rainbird Publishing.
1443:"CAD Monkton Farleigh"
991:Box Tunnel west portal
739:Box Tunnel east portal
574:51.4053639; -2.2897056
539:
480:
362:
188:
2615:Great Western Railway
2571:Other works of Brunel
2456:Kensal Green Cemetery
2379:Abraham-Louis Breguet
2354:(Brunel on committee)
2342:Crew's Hole tar works
2322:Balloon flange girder
2129:Three Bridges, London
1202:Engineering Timelines
1004:Box Tunnel in fiction
728:51.423685°N 2.20536°W
687:GPX (all coordinates)
660:Geographical location
537:
478:
360:
215:Great Western Railway
186:
2605:Tunnels in Wiltshire
2542:100 Greatest Britons
2402:Marc Isambard Brunel
2011:Bridges and viaducts
1908:Bristol Temple Meads
1807:Dartmouth and Torbay
1492:, 30 September 2015.
1485:14 June 2018 at the
1012:McDonald & Dodds
980:51.41888°N 2.24698°W
938:51.41970°N 2.23982°W
896:51.42084°N 2.23010°W
854:51.42128°N 2.22617°W
812:51.42176°N 2.22179°W
770:51.42277°N 2.21303°W
654:Bristol Temple Meads
531:and Eastlays Ridge.
434:Temple Meads Station
412:Bristol Temple Meads
88:51.42128°N 2.22617°W
2475:Victoria Embankment
2317:Atmospheric railway
2139:Wharncliffe Viaduct
2119:Royal Albert Bridge
1969:The Railway Station
1847:South Wales Mineral
1655:on 7 November 2002.
1464:Gray, Tony (1987).
1363:1985JBAA...95..260A
1309:. GracesGuide.co.uk
1132:on 23 January 2017.
975: /
933: /
918:Ventilation shaft:
891: /
876:Ventilation shaft:
865:Box Tunnel (centre)
849: /
807: /
792:Ventilation shaft:
765: /
750:Ventilation shaft:
733:51.423685; -2.20536
723: /
614:Bristol Beaufighter
583:Cementation Company
565: /
449:London to Bath road
84: /
58:Box Hill, Wiltshire
23:
2480:Paddington Station
2471:Statues of Brunel
2043:Chippenham viaduct
1782:Bristol and Exeter
1634:on 3 December 2000
1529:Covering My Tracks
1527:Adley, R. (1988).
1511:. 8 November 2016.
1238:on 17 January 2006
1208:on 3 November 2022
1081:Historic England,
1056:Historic England,
985:51.41888; -2.24698
943:51.41970; -2.23982
901:51.42084; -2.23010
859:51.42128; -2.22617
834:Centre of tunnel:
817:51.42176; -2.22179
775:51.42277; -2.21303
540:
527:at Tunnel quarry,
481:
363:
249:During the 1830s,
189:
93:51.42128; -2.22617
21:
2577:
2576:
2430:Henry Marc Brunel
2387:(Chief assistant)
2261:(1857 photograph)
2190:South Devon Banks
2175:Llansamlet arches
2100:Maidenhead Bridge
2085:Hungerford Bridge
2018:Angarrack viaduct
1377:"Isambard's Gift"
1338:. pp. 42–49.
1336:Bauer Media Group
1122:978-1-84864-018-4
646:Thingley Junction
517:Longtown, Cumbria
471:Brunel's birthday
463:stone dressings.
453:electric catenary
396:London Paddington
181:
180:
107:Open, operational
2632:
2509:, 98 Cheyne Walk
2416:(childhood home)
2381:(trained Brunel)
2363:Renkioi Hospital
2352:Great Exhibition
2284:Cumberland Basin
2180:Sapperton Tunnel
1948:Exeter St Thomas
1943:Exeter St Davids
1928:Cirencester Town
1893:Bradford-on-Avon
1881:Railway stations
1756:
1749:
1742:
1733:
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1692:
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1651:. Archived from
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1630:. Archived from
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1445:. subbrit.org.uk
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1283:. Archived from
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1234:. Archived from
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1204:. Archived from
1196:Manolson, Adam.
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1125:. Archived from
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747:
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735:
734:
729:
724:
721:
720:
719:
716:
580:
579:
577:
576:
575:
570:
566:
563:
562:
561:
558:
529:Monkton Farleigh
525:South of England
513:Second World War
503:Monkton Farleigh
290:
289:
285:
282:
223:Grade II* listed
99:
98:
96:
95:
94:
89:
85:
82:
81:
80:
77:
31:
24:
20:
2640:
2639:
2635:
2634:
2633:
2631:
2630:
2629:
2580:
2579:
2578:
2573:
2563:
2555:featured Brunel
2460:
2390:
2305:
2279:Bristol Harbour
2242:Balanced rudder
2209:
2185:Sonning Cutting
2148:
2124:Somerset Bridge
2095:Loughor Viaduct
2090:Landore Viaduct
2038:Chepstow Bridge
2033:Bishop's Bridge
2006:
1997:Weston Junction
1876:
1765:
1760:
1688:
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1672:
1637:
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1615:
1589:
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1558:
1539:
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1500:
1496:
1490:railengineer.uk
1487:Wayback Machine
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1446:
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1290:
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1287:on 19 July 2012
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977:
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966:
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962:
961:
948:
946:
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936:
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906:
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822:
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751:
738:
736:
732:
730:
726:
725:
722:
717:
714:
712:
710:
709:
705:
704:
703:
702:
701:
662:
638:
636:Electrification
602:Alfred McAlpine
600:, during 1940,
590:Royal Air Force
573:
571:
567:
564:
559:
556:
554:
552:
551:
544:Royal Engineers
505:
499:
473:
445:classical style
429:
402:section of the
343:
331:room and pillar
310:Inferior Oolite
297:
287:
283:
280:
278:
247:
242:
227:Grade II listed
202:(GWML) between
194:passes through
187:The west portal
164:Operating speed
92:
90:
86:
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78:
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34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2638:
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2597:
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2590:Box, Wiltshire
2575:
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2468:
2466:
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2459:
2458:
2453:
2447:
2441:
2433:
2427:
2425:Lycée Henri-IV
2422:
2417:
2411:
2408:Sophia Kingdom
2405:
2398:
2396:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2388:
2382:
2376:
2375:(VP from 1850)
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2313:
2311:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2301:Westport Canal
2298:
2293:
2292:
2291:
2289:Underfall Yard
2286:
2276:
2274:Brentford Dock
2271:
2262:
2254:
2246:
2245:
2244:
2231:
2223:
2217:
2215:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2165:Cockett Tunnel
2162:
2156:
2154:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2146:
2144:Windsor Bridge
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2110:
2109:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2066:
2065:
2060:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2014:
2012:
2008:
2007:
2005:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1972:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1877:
1875:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
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1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1773:
1771:
1767:
1766:
1759:
1758:
1751:
1744:
1736:
1730:
1729:
1723:
1717:
1711:
1706:
1700:
1694:
1693:for Box Tunnel
1686:
1682:
1681:External links
1679:
1677:
1676:
1670:
1657:
1644:
1619:
1613:
1596:
1576:
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1537:
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1515:
1514:
1494:
1471:
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1393:
1368:
1357:(6): 260–262.
1341:
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498:
495:
472:
469:
441:Box, Wiltshire
428:
425:
400:Faringdon Road
351:Samuel Yockney
342:
339:
335:Bath, Somerset
306:fuller's earth
296:
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246:
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2572:
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2560:
2557:
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2549:
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2543:
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2538:
2535:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2519:Great Britain
2514:
2511:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2492:Brunel Museum
2490:
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2414:Lindsey House
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2232:
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2228:Great Western
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2200:Thames Tunnel
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1862:West Cornwall
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1857:Vale of Neath
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1709:Brunel portal
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1671:0-85052-733-3
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1614:0-14-100835-0
1610:
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1605:Penguin Books
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1557:1-85285-331-X
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960:West portal:
959:
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670:OpenStreetMap
668:
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627:
623:
617:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
598:Bristol Blitz
595:
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586:
584:
578:
557:51°24′19.31″N
549:
545:
536:
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530:
526:
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518:
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494:
492:
490:
485:
484:GWR franchise
477:
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368:steam-powered
359:
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314:Bridport Sand
311:
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120:December 1838
119:
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42:
37:
30:
25:
19:
2537:Brunel Award
2518:
2497:Being Brunel
2444:Brunel Manor
2435:
2432:(second son)
2266:
2256:
2250:
2235:
2227:
2159:
2104:
1967:
1661:
1653:the original
1636:. Retrieved
1632:the original
1627:
1600:
1588:. Retrieved
1585:Times Online
1584:
1547:
1528:
1520:Bibliography
1506:
1497:
1489:
1474:
1465:
1459:
1447:. Retrieved
1416:. Retrieved
1396:
1384:. Retrieved
1380:
1371:
1354:
1350:
1344:
1329:
1323:
1311:. Retrieved
1301:
1289:. Retrieved
1285:the original
1281:Network Rail
1277:"Box Tunnel"
1240:. Retrieved
1236:the original
1231:
1222:
1210:. Retrieved
1206:the original
1201:
1198:"Box Tunnel"
1154:. Retrieved
1150:
1127:the original
1108:
1101:
1090:, retrieved
1086:
1076:
1065:, retrieved
1061:
1051:
1010:
674:
673:
666:
639:
630:
618:
587:
560:2°17′22.94″W
541:
506:
493:
482:
465:
438:
430:
416:
393:
385:
372:
364:
344:
341:Construction
320:
318:
302:Great Oolite
298:
275:
248:
234:World War II
231:
212:
191:
190:
146:Network Rail
137:Network Rail
128:30 June 1841
18:
2544:(Brunel #2)
2507:Blue plaque
2450:Sarah Guppy
2332:Broad gauge
2023:Avon Bridge
1842:South Wales
1832:South Devon
1690:Map sources
1449:11 February
1381:Mirli Books
1156:1 September
983: /
941: /
899: /
857: /
815: /
773: /
731: /
572: /
548:Shockerwick
497:Defence use
420:broad-gauge
91: /
66:Coordinates
2584:Categories
2327:Baulk road
2267:Archimedes
2160:Box Tunnel
2134:Usk Bridge
2063:St Pinnock
1982:St Germans
1963:Paddington
1923:Chippenham
1903:Bridgwater
1407:. gov.uk.
1038:References
989: (
967:51°25′08″N
947: (
925:51°25′11″N
905: (
883:51°25′15″N
863: (
841:51°25′17″N
821: (
799:51°25′18″N
779: (
757:51°25′22″N
737: (
715:51°25′25″N
650:Chippenham
521:Nesscliffe
509:Bath stone
501:See also:
461:rusticated
389:Chippenham
322:Bath Stone
304:overlying
269:, outside
245:Background
208:Chippenham
192:Box Tunnel
117:Work begun
76:51°25′17″N
22:Box Tunnel
2531:NR Brunel
1987:Salisbury
1918:Charlbury
1913:Charfield
1852:Taff Vale
1566:cite book
1043:Citations
970:2°14′49″W
928:2°14′23″W
886:2°13′48″W
844:2°13′34″W
802:2°13′18″W
760:2°12′47″W
718:2°12′19″W
592:station,
347:Herne Bay
151:Technical
112:Operation
79:2°13′34″W
60:, England
2517:SS
2410:(mother)
2404:(father)
2395:Personal
2265:SS
2249:SS
2234:SS
2226:SS
1958:Mortimer
1953:Liskeard
1933:Crediton
1898:Bridgend
1888:Bath Spa
1802:Cornwall
1770:Railways
1508:Guardian
1483:Archived
1409:Archived
1151:BBC News
1092:11 April
1067:11 April
1020:See also
612:and the
376:blasting
267:Box Hill
196:Box Hill
143:Operator
54:Location
39:Overview
1418:7 April
1359:Bibcode
1313:2 March
1291:2 March
1242:13 July
1212:13 June
610:bombers
594:RAF Box
457:Corsham
427:Opening
380:navvies
295:Geology
286:⁄
271:Corsham
259:Swindon
240:History
198:on the
2058:Carnon
2002:Yatton
1992:Stroud
1938:Culham
1668:
1638:18 May
1611:
1590:18 May
1554:
1535:
1386:25 May
1119:
648:(near
308:, and
156:Length
125:Opened
104:Status
1412:(PDF)
1405:(PDF)
1232:BANES
1130:(PDF)
1113:(PDF)
652:) to
327:Roman
177:1:100
173:Grade
133:Owner
2522:#97)
1666:ISBN
1640:2007
1609:ISBN
1592:2007
1572:link
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