712:
659:
888:
690:
84:
210:
40:
59:
530:
1446:
636:
940:
Annual catches of wild
European seabass are relatively modest, fluctuating between 8,500 and 11,900 tonnes from 2000 to 2009. Most reported catches originate from the Atlantic Ocean, with France typically reporting the highest catches. In the Mediterranean, Italy used to report the largest catches
822:
between the two populations. The larval stage of the
European seabass can last up to 3 months, during which it cannot swim well, and even a small amount of water flow should transport some individuals between the two regions. In addition, juveniles can survive temperature and salinity changes, and
500:
European seabass is a slow-growing species that takes several years to reach adulthood. An adult
European seabass usually weighs around 2.5 kg (5.5 lb). European seabass can reach measurements of up to 1 m (3 ft 3 in) in length and 12 kg (26 lb) in weight, though
956:
for the species is banned, and several restrictions are in place for recreational anglers: a closed season from May 15 – June 15 inclusive every year; a minimum size of 400 mm (16 in); and a bag limit of two fish per day. In a scientific advisory (June 2013), it is stressed that fishing
965:
European seabass was one of Europe's first fish to be farmed commercially. Historically, they were cultured in coastal lagoons and tidal reservoirs before mass-production techniques were developed in the late 1960s. It is the most important commercial fish widely cultured in the
Mediterranean.
927:. The big fish weighing more than 4 kg (8.8 lb) are mostly night hunters. They spawn from February to June, mostly in inshore waters. As fry they are pelagic, but as they develop, they move into estuaries, where they stay for a year or two.
957:
mortality is increasing. The total biomass has been declining since 2005. Total biomass assumed as the best stock size indicator in the last two years (2011–2012) was 32% lower than the total biomass in the three previous years (2008–2010).
512:
near the banks of rivers, lagoons, and estuaries during the summer and migrate offshore during the winter. European sea bass feed on prawns, crabs and small fish. Though it is a sought-after gamefish, it is listed as
966:
Greece, Turkey, Italy, Spain, Croatia, and Egypt are the most important farming countries. Annual production was more than 120,000 tonnes in 2010. The biggest producer in the world for
European seabass is Turkey.
586:, it is known as the "European bass," "European seabass," "common bass," "capemouth," "king of the mullets," "sea bass," "sea dace," "sea perch," "white mullet," "white salmon," or simply "bass".
582:, from the presence of two anal spines, "di" meaning two, "kentron" meaning sting, and "archos" meaning anus. The European bass is sold under dozens of common names in various languages. In the
807:
1106:
Williams, E. P.; A. C. Peer; T. J. Miller; D. H. Secor; A. R. Place (2012). "A phylogeny of the temperate seabasses (Moronidae) characterized by a translocation of the mt-
501:
the most common size is only about half of that at 0.5 m (1 ft 8 in). Individuals are silvery grey and sometimes a dark-bluish color on the back.
1335:
1276:
464:'s northern coasts, though it can also be found in shallow coastal waters and river mouths during the summer months and late autumn. It is one of only six
1396:
1032:
1825:
1641:
806:, and the second is in the western Mediterranean Sea. The two populations are separated by a relatively narrow distance in a region known as the
518:
1693:
1892:
534:
1293:
1082:
1812:
1615:
378:
1838:
1654:
1423:
1917:
1843:
1719:
1450:
1659:
1419:
879:
species, moving further winter spawning grounds during at least one month before moving towards their summer feeding areas.
1932:
1907:
1563:
1319:
1285:
1581:
895:
The
European seabass hunts as much during the day as it does at night, feeding on small fish (both pelagic, such as
343:
1851:
1758:
308:
1698:
1927:
1594:
1342:
199:
1922:
1912:
1502:
818:. The exact reason for this separation is unknown, as the geographic divide should not account for the lack of
1869:
1680:
802:
There are two genetically distinct populations of wild
European seabass. The first is found in the northeast
83:
1524:
479:
It is fished and raised commercially and is considered the most important fish currently cultured in the
1529:
711:
1750:
887:
1856:
1763:
1366:
658:
493:
is exclusively the
European bass. In North America, it is widely known by one of its Italian names,
17:
1902:
1010:
508:, while adults are less social and prefer to consume other fish. They are generally found in the
1897:
1830:
1646:
1464:
1183:
566:. In the century and a half following, it was classified under a variety of new synonyms, with
1516:
1249:
1230:
949:
178:
1672:
1212:
952:
effort by recreational anglers. The
Republic of Ireland has strict laws regarding bass. All
1550:
1511:
872:
281:
1737:
8:
1181:
484:
389:
48:
953:
945:
222:
78:
1057:
1799:
1732:
1537:
1315:
1127:
1123:
987:
852:
689:
1804:
1542:
1162:
1119:
1005:
469:
1790:
1706:
737:
558:
1685:
1589:
1576:
1289:
876:
840:
803:
579:
540:
125:
1167:
1146:
1886:
1667:
1487:
1078:
996:
583:
553:
514:
509:
480:
195:
155:
68:
63:
1568:
1131:
706:
505:
209:
135:
1312:
The End of the Line: How
Overfishing Is Changing the World and What We Eat
1628:
1496:
1278:
FAO Yearbook 2009: Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics: Capture Production
1105:
839:, coastal waters, and rivers. It is found in a large part of the eastern
684:
629:
487:
and the United Kingdom, the popular restaurant fish sold and consumed as
39:
1711:
1817:
1620:
924:
916:
912:
904:
868:
860:
653:
537:
1182:
Bruno Chanet; Martine Desoutter-Meniger; Sergey V. Bogorodsky (2012).
815:
1633:
1607:
1147:"Genetic Study of the Atlantic/Mediterranean Transition in Sea Bass (
856:
819:
789:
550:
473:
145:
95:
1458:
1784:
1602:
1481:
1144:
1091:
908:
529:
489:
115:
1864:
1555:
896:
864:
848:
832:
465:
1724:
1445:
844:
836:
547:
521:
because it is widespread and there are no known major threats.
461:
457:
105:
981:
979:
635:
1745:
920:
900:
811:
571:
976:
456:, is a primarily ocean-going fish native to the waters off
1266:
The Pocket Guide to Saltwater Fishes of Britain and Europe
985:
1145:
Naciri, M.; C. Lemaire; P. Borsa; F. Bonhomme (1999).
546:
The European seabass was first described in 1758 by
1213:"Seabass fisheries study by IFREMER, February 2007"
944:The fish has come under increasing pressure from
1884:
1377:. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department. 2012
948:and became the focus in the United Kingdom of a
533:An 1877 illustration of the European seabass by
1397:"The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture"
1375:Cultured Aquatic Species Information Programme
1188:(Soleidae: Pleuronectiformes), in the Red Sea"
570:winning out as the accepted name in 1987. Its
519:International Union for Conservation of Nature
1011:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T135606A4159287.en
930:
476:, collectively called the temperate basses.
826:
891:European bass in their maritime life cycle
208:
57:
38:
1166:
1009:
524:
886:
528:
1424:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
1099:
1077:
1071:
14:
1885:
1309:
1250:"Dicentrarchus labrax (European bass)"
1231:"Dicentrarchus labrax (European bass)"
823:adults can migrate hundreds of miles.
1463:
1462:
1247:
1228:
1175:
1138:
1033:"Sea Bass: the Superstar of the Seas"
882:
851:. It can also be found in the entire
1870:28BBFEE9-E822-48FE-BB25-CE2E3B59C441
1751:8E9713BF-1F5E-4D78-24F1-057857058B85
1595:7075556f-7e30-404f-98c3-39517aebdfad
1025:
935:
1893:IUCN Red List least concern species
1292:. 2011. p. 138. Archived from
1269:
1050:
997:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
504:Juveniles form schools and feed on
24:
1184:"Range extension of Egyptian sole
986:Freyhof, J.; Kottelat, M. (2008).
831:European seabass habitats include
25:
1944:
1438:
1286:Food and Agriculture Organization
941:but has been surpassed by Egypt.
362:(É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817)
354:(É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817)
217:Distribution of European seabass
1444:
1124:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2011.03158.x
808:Almeria-Oran oceanographic front
710:
688:
657:
634:
82:
1389:
1359:
1336:"ICES seabass Advice June 2013"
1328:
1303:
1260:
1241:
370:É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817
1222:
1205:
13:
1:
1918:Fish of the Mediterranean Sea
969:
460:'s western and southern and
7:
1933:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
1908:Marine fish of North Africa
10:
1949:
960:
1774:
1471:
931:Fisheries and aquaculture
760:
734:
703:
681:
650:
626:
619:
612:
605:
598:
344:É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire
228:
221:
216:
207:
184:
177:
79:Scientific classification
77:
55:
46:
37:
32:
1310:Clover, Charles (2004).
1081:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
907:, and demersal, such as
827:Distribution and habitat
1314:. London: Ebury Press.
1168:10.1093/jhered/90.6.591
1155:The Journal of Heredity
1112:Journal of Fish Biology
873:anti-Lessepsian migrant
859:but is absent from the
351:Dicentrarchus elongatus
1928:Fish described in 1758
1420:"Dicentrarchus labrax"
1058:"Definition: Branzino"
892:
810:, located east of the
543:
525:Taxonomy and phylogeny
1923:Fish of the North Sea
1913:Fish of the Black Sea
1004:: e.T135606A4159287.
890:
875:. It is a seasonally
863:. It has entered the
788:Phylogenetic tree of
532:
412:), also known as the
1590:Fauna Europaea (new)
1517:Dicentrarchus_labrax
1503:Dicentrarchus labrax
1473:Dicentrarchus labrax
1455:at Wikimedia Commons
1452:Dicentrarchus labrax
1369:Dicentrarchus labrax
1254:Animal Diversity Web
1235:Animal Diversity Web
1149:Dicentrarchus labrax
1095:. June 2017 version.
1085:Dicentrarchus labrax
990:Dicentrarchus labrax
855:and in the southern
568:Dicentrarchus labrax
409:Dicentrarchus labrax
188:Dicentrarchus labrax
630:M. mississippiensis
316:Dicentrarchus lupus
49:Conservation status
1371:(Linnaeus, 1758 )"
1248:Brosowski, Julie.
1229:Brosowski, Julie.
954:commercial fishing
946:commercial fishing
893:
883:Diet and behaviour
544:
332:Centropomus mullus
1880:
1879:
1733:Open Tree of Life
1465:Taxon identifiers
1449:Media related to
1039:. 22 October 2011
936:Capture fisheries
853:Mediterranean Sea
800:
799:
782:
781:
773:
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723:
722:
670:
669:
400:
399:
393:
382:
371:
363:
355:
347:
336:
328:
320:
312:
305:Centropomus lupus
301:
293:
289:Labrax diacanthus
285:
278:Sciaena diacantha
274:
266:
258:
250:
242:
72:
33:European seabass
16:(Redirected from
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1873:
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1686:NBNSYS0000188622
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1559:
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1533:
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1520:
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1407:
1393:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1363:
1357:
1356:
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1353:
1347:
1341:. Archived from
1340:
1332:
1326:
1325:
1307:
1301:
1300:
1298:
1283:
1273:
1267:
1264:
1258:
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1245:
1239:
1238:
1226:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1192:
1186:Solea aegyptiaca
1179:
1173:
1172:
1170:
1142:
1136:
1135:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1075:
1069:
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1065:
1054:
1048:
1047:
1045:
1044:
1029:
1023:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1013:
983:
843:, from southern
792:based on the mt-
714:
692:
661:
639:
638:
622:
621:
615:
614:
608:
607:
601:
600:
594:
593:
589:
588:
404:European seabass
388:
379:Guérin-Méneville
377:
369:
361:
359:Labrax elongatus
353:
342:
334:
327:(Lacepède, 1802)
326:
319:(Lacepède, 1802)
318:
307:
299:
291:
280:
273:(Linnaeus, 1758)
272:
265:(Linnaeus, 1758)
264:
257:(Linnaeus, 1758)
256:
249:(Linnaeus, 1758)
248:
240:
212:
190:
87:
86:
66:
61:
60:
42:
30:
29:
21:
1948:
1947:
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1942:
1941:
1939:
1938:
1937:
1883:
1882:
1881:
1876:
1868:
1863:
1855:
1850:
1842:
1837:
1829:
1824:
1816:
1811:
1803:
1798:
1789:
1788:
1783:
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1762:
1757:
1749:
1744:
1736:
1731:
1723:
1718:
1710:
1707:Observation.org
1705:
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1549:
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1536:
1528:
1523:
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1501:
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1495:
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1467:
1441:
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1426:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1405:
1403:
1395:
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1390:
1380:
1378:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1351:
1349:
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1338:
1334:
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1322:
1308:
1304:
1296:
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1275:
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1227:
1223:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1190:
1180:
1176:
1143:
1139:
1104:
1100:
1076:
1072:
1063:
1061:
1056:
1055:
1051:
1042:
1040:
1037:The Independent
1031:
1030:
1026:
1016:
1014:
984:
977:
972:
963:
938:
933:
885:
829:
783:
774:
750:
724:
671:
633:
578:, derives from
559:Systema Naturae
527:
396:
375:Labrax vulgaris
297:Perca diacantha
234:
233:
232:click to expand
203:
192:
186:
173:
81:
73:
62:
58:
51:
28:
27:Species of fish
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1946:
1936:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1903:Fish of Europe
1900:
1895:
1878:
1877:
1875:
1874:
1861:
1848:
1835:
1822:
1809:
1796:
1780:
1778:
1772:
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1769:
1768:
1755:
1742:
1729:
1716:
1703:
1690:
1677:
1664:
1651:
1638:
1625:
1612:
1599:
1586:
1577:Fauna Europaea
1573:
1560:
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1534:
1521:
1508:
1493:
1477:
1475:
1469:
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1439:External links
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1299:on 2017-05-19.
1290:United Nations
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1161:(6): 591–596.
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1118:(1): 110–130.
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1079:Froese, Rainer
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1060:. Popsugr Food
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562:. He named it
541:Jonathan Couch
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340:Perca elongata
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1201:(4): 581–584.
1200:
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554:Carl Linnaeus
552:
549:
542:
539:
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531:
522:
520:
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515:Least Concern
511:
510:littoral zone
507:
506:invertebrates
502:
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481:Mediterranean
477:
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415:
411:
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384:
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367:Perca sinuosa
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262:Roccus labrax
260:
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36:
31:
19:
1776:Perca labrax
1775:
1472:
1451:
1427:. Retrieved
1404:. Retrieved
1401:Publications
1400:
1391:
1379:. Retrieved
1374:
1368:
1361:
1350:. Retrieved
1343:the original
1330:
1311:
1305:
1294:the original
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1073:
1062:. Retrieved
1052:
1041:. Retrieved
1036:
1027:
1015:. Retrieved
1001:
995:
989:
964:
950:conservation
943:
939:
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867:through the
830:
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738:D. punctatus
736:
735:
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685:M. americana
683:
682:
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628:
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567:
564:Perca labrax
563:
557:
556:in his work
545:
503:
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488:
478:
453:
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446:white mullet
445:
441:
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385:
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323:
315:
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245:
238:Perca labrax
237:
187:
185:
169:
168:
156:
136:Moroniformes
1629:iNaturalist
1497:Wikispecies
1017:18 November
925:crustaceans
917:cephalopods
913:polychaetes
905:sand smelts
796:6 protein.
654:M. chrysops
454:loup de mer
426:common bass
1887:Categories
1406:2023-05-12
1381:12 October
1352:2013-06-30
1064:2017-12-02
1043:2017-12-02
970:References
869:Suez Canal
861:Baltic Sea
538:naturalist
430:white bass
1791:Q28152721
1110:6 gene".
919:(such as
909:sand eels
877:migratory
857:Black Sea
833:estuaries
820:gene flow
790:Moronidae
763:D. labrax
551:zoologist
474:Moronidae
442:sea perch
434:capemouth
381:, 1829-38
164:Species:
146:Moronidae
102:Kingdom:
96:Eukaryota
1831:10669535
1785:Wikidata
1647:10144924
1603:FishBase
1556:46578724
1482:Wikidata
1284:. Rome:
1132:22220893
1092:FishBase
897:sardines
814:city of
495:branzino
490:sea bass
450:sea dace
422:sea bass
414:branzino
309:Lacépède
223:Synonyms
196:Linnaeus
142:Family:
116:Chordata
112:Phylum:
106:Animalia
92:Domain:
69:IUCN 3.1
18:Branzino
1865:ZooBank
1844:1149100
1818:2394617
1621:2394622
1488:Q217129
1288:of the
961:Farming
923:), and
865:Red Sea
849:Senegal
837:lagoons
816:AlmerĂa
812:Spanish
572:generic
548:Swedish
535:British
517:by the
485:Ireland
468:in its
466:species
152:Genus:
132:Order:
122:Class:
67: (
1857:307322
1764:126975
1725:126975
1673:135606
1660:170317
1582:304841
1429:6 June
1318:
1195:Cybium
1130:
903:, and
901:sprats
871:as an
845:Norway
574:name,
470:family
462:Africa
458:Europe
392:, 1877
346:, 1817
311:, 1802
284:, 1792
1852:WoRMS
1826:IRMNG
1805:6V3PH
1759:WoRMS
1746:Plazi
1699:13489
1642:IRMNG
1634:99269
1569:10231
1564:EUNIS
1543:35J92
1530:77461
1346:(PDF)
1339:(PDF)
1297:(PDF)
1282:(PDF)
1216:(PDF)
1191:(PDF)
921:squid
580:Greek
483:. In
282:Bloch
1839:ITIS
1813:GBIF
1738:3549
1720:OBIS
1712:2141
1694:NCBI
1668:IUCN
1655:ITIS
1616:GBIF
1525:BOLD
1431:2006
1383:2012
1316:ISBN
1128:PMID
1019:2021
1002:2008
402:The
390:Malm
200:1758
1800:CoL
1681:NBN
1551:EoL
1538:CoL
1512:ADW
1163:doi
1120:doi
1006:doi
911:),
847:to
452:or
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
